Chapter VII: Local Discrimination

Concrete instances, 215.--Hadley's oyster case not
conclusive, 217.--Two variants: lower long-haul
rates by the roundabout route, as in the Hillsdale,
Youngstown, and some Southern cases, 221; or by the
direct route, as in the Nashville-Chattanooga and
other southern cases, 225.--Complicating influence of
water transportation, 232.--Market competition from
various regions, a different case, 234.--The basing
point (southern) and basing line (Missouri river)
systems, 238.--Their inevitable instability and probable
ultimate abandonment, 242.--Postage-stamp rates,
illustrated by transcontinental tariffs, 245.--Which
line makes the rate? 255.--Cost not distance,
determines, 256.--Fixed charges v. operating
expenses, 257.--Proportion of local business, 259.--Volume
and stability of traffic important, 261.--Generally the
short line rules, but many exceptions occur, 263.

CHAPTER VIII

PROBLEMS OF ROUTING

Neglect of distance, an American peculiarity, 264.--Derived
from joint cost, 265.--Exceptional cases, 265.--Economic
waste in American practice, 268.--Circuitous
rail carriage, 269.--Water and rail-and-water
shipments, 273.--Carriage over undue distance, 277.--An
outcome of commercial competition, 278.--Six causes
of economic waste, illustrated, 280.--Pro-rating
and rebates, 281.--Five effects of disregard
of distance, 288.--Dilution of revenue per ton
mile, 289.--Possible remedies for economic
waste, 292.--Pooling and rate agreements, 293.--The long
and short haul remedy, 295.