Chapter XV

THE ELKINS AMENDMENTS (1903): THE HEPBURN ACT
OF 1906

New causes of unrest in 1899, 487.--The spread
of consolidation, 487.--The rise of freight
rates, 488.--Concentration of financial power, 490.--The
new "trusts," 491.--The Elkins amendments concerning
rebates, 492.--Five provisions enumerated, 493.

More general legislation demanded, 494.--Congressional
history 1903-1905, 495.--Railway publicity
campaign, 496.--President Roosevelt's leadership, 498.--The
Hepburn law, 499.--Widened scope, 499.--Rate-making
power increased, 500.--Administrative v.
judicial regulation, 501.--Objection to judicial
control, 503.--Final form of the law, 505.--Broad
_v._ narrow court review, 506.--An unfortunate
compromise, 507.--Old rates effective pending
review, 508.--Provisions for expedition, 511.--Details
concerning rebates, 512.--The commodity
clause, 513.--History of its provisions, 514.--Publicity
of accounts, 515.--Extreme importance of accounting
supervision, 516.--The Hepburn law summarized, 520.