Chapter XXVI: Conclusion (6)

Hebrews, the, their Sabbath, 10 _n._⁴, 91, 96 _n._¹, 98 _n._⁴, 104
_n._, 109, 122, 148, 179 _n._¹, 235, 236 _and n._, 242 _sqq._,
291 _sq._;
the Day of Atonement, 81 _sqq._, 93, 179 _n._¹, 235 _n._², 260;
their agricultural festivals, 90 _sq._, 250 _sq._;
cult of seven among the, 212 _n._³;
their seven-day week, 243, 245 _sq._, 253 _sqq._, 267;
new-moon and full-moon festivals of the, 248 _sqq._
_See also_ Jews.

_Heiau_, Hawaiian temple, 9, 12, 15.

Heptagram, the, 217 _n._¹

Hera, 130, 169, 170.

Hervey Islands, the, 181 _n._⁷

Hesiod, 169, 170 _n._², 192, 211, 298 _sq._

_Hiang_, a Formosan term for rest day, 44.

Ho of Togo, 182.

Hobbes, Thomas, on the origin of religion, 1.

Holiness, the conception of, 86 _and n._¹, 242 _n._¹

Holy days. _See_ Festivals.

—— water, Hawaiian, 11.

Hooker, Richard, 259 _sq._

Hopi Indians of Arizona, festivals of the, 303 _and n._³

Horace, 266.

Hosea, the prophet, 252.

Hottentots of British South Africa, 182, 214 _n._

Hours, division of the nycthemeron into, 218 _and n._¹

House-building, taboos imposed in connection with, 32 _sq._, 34, 39,
43, 44, 45, 55, 209, 285, 299, 300.

Hova of Madagascar, 132 _sq._, 294.

_Hrilh_, the Lushei term for taboo, 55.

Hua, Hawaiian deity, 15, 88.

Huahine, island of, 9.

Humphrey Island. _See_ Manahiki.

Hunting, restrictions on, during a tabooed period, 50, 72 _and n._¹,
73 _n._¹, 74, 155, 161 _sq._

Iban (Sea Dyak) of Borneo, 33 _sqq._, 65, 208.

Ibo of Southern Nigeria, 111 _and n._³

Ides, the, 170, 171, 184 _sq._, 185 _n._¹, 305.

Ignatius, St., 269 _and n._³

Igorot of Luzon, 46 _sqq._, 88, 181.

Ihering, R. von, on the origin of periodic rest days, 102.

Impregnation believed to be accomplished by the moon, 127 _sqq._

_Inachi_, the Tonga ceremony of first-fruits, 18 _and n._², 93.

Inclusive reckoning, practice of, 119 _n._¹, 120 _n._², 267 _n._⁵

India, tabooed days after a death observed in, 66 _sq._;
Dravidian village festivals, 88 _sqq._;
Dravidian lunar superstitions, 132, 134 _sq._, 148 _sq._;
the ancient Aryan _upavasatha_, 149 _sqq._;
Hindu festival of Bhaskara Saptami, 153 _sq._;
Hindu bipartite division of the month, 183 _sq._;
the seven-day week in, 199 _sqq._;
symbolism of seven in, 211;
the lunar mansions in, 275;
the Twelve Days in, 276 _sq._;
unlucky days observed in, 291, 302.

Indians, North American, 141, 182, 197, 210, 211 _and n._¹

Indo-China, 66, 105 _sq._, 184, 189, 200.

Innuit of Alaska, 72.

_Interlunium_, the, as a tabooed period, 136 _sqq._

Iranians, lunar superstitions of the, 129;
their lunar festivals, 165 _sq._, 200;
their bipartite division of the month, 184.
_See also_ Persians.

Isaiah, 252, 265.

Ishtar, Babylonian goddess, 129, 226, 230, 232.

Isidore of Seville, 172.

Italy, introduction of the planetary week into, 219.

Jainism, observance of the _posaha_ in, 154 _sq._

Jaluo of British East Africa, 128.

Japan, the Buddhist Sabbath in, 164;
the lunar decade in, 189;
the seven-day week in, 203 _sq._;
rest days observed in, _ib._;
unlucky days observed in, 287.

Jastrow, Morris, on the observance of the seventh day in Babylonia,
232 _n._⁴;
on the meaning of _shabbāthôn_, 236 _n._;
on the meaning of _shabattum_, 237;
on the inscription of Gudea, 240 _n._;
on the original significance of the word “Sabbath,” 251;
on Babylonian unlucky days, 298.

Java, 104, 105 _and n._², 183, 200, 205 _and n._⁴

Jehovah, 91, 242, 247, 248, 256, 260, 261, 262.

Jenks, A. E., on the rest days observed by the Bontoc Igorot, 47 _n._²

Jeremiah, 262.

Jericho, 255 _n._¹

Jesus, words of, relating to the observance of the Sabbath, 269.

Jews, taboos after a death observed by the, 74;
celebration of New Year’s Day by the, 82;
their superstitions relating to the moon, 126 _and n._⁶, 135 _and
n._⁶;
neglect of the Sabbath by modern, 235;
unlucky days of the, 263 _n._², 273 _sq._
_See also_ Hebrews.

Johns, C. H. W., on the observance of the Babylonian “evil days,” 235
_n._¹;
on the Babylonian _nubattu_, 241 _n._¹

Jonathan, 249.

Josephus, 260.

Jubilee, the Hebrew, 261 _and n._³

_Jum‘a, al_, the Mohammedan Sabbath, 107 _n._², 111 _n._³, 115, 116
_sq._, 197, 199, 201, 204 _sqq._, 262 _n._²

Juno, 130, 170.

Jupiter, the Roman _nundinæ_ consecrated to, 122;
the Ides consecrated to, 170;
the planet, 213.

Justin, Roman historian, on the origin of the Sabbath, 260 _n._³

Justin Martyr, 268.

Kachin (Chingpaw), 56, 189.

Kaffa, 199.

Kafiristan, 293 _sq._

Kagoro of northern Nigeria, 117 _n._¹

Kalends, the, 170, 171, 184, 305.

Kalmucks, the _uposatha_ observance of the, 163.

Kaloa, Hawaiian deity, 15, 88, 188.

_Kamata._ See _Kambata_.

Kamataraya, a Kota deity, 88.

_Kambata_, a Kota festival, 88.

Kamehameha II, Hawaiian king, 9.

Kamerun, 110 _sq._

Kanarese-speaking peoples of southern India, their village festivals,
89 _sq._;
observance of the _interlunium_ by the, 137 _and n._³;
tabooed days of the, 148 _sq._

Kandian of Ceylon, 159 _n._¹

Kane, Hawaiian deity, 15, 88, 188.

_Kapu._ See _Tabu_.

Karaja of Brazil, 182.

_Karakia_, Maori magical incantation and prayer, 17 _n._²

Karen of Burma, 56 _sq._

Kasuba of the Madras Presidency, 67.

Kataharayan of Malabar, 67.

_Kataphang_, a Nicobarese festival, 40 _sq._

Kavirondo of British East Africa, 69.

Kayan of Borneo, 6, 26 _sqq._, 65 _and n._⁶, 180.

_Kennie._ See _Genna_.

Kerepunu of British New Guinea, rest day observed by the, 103 _and
n._⁴, 104.

Kewan, Assyrian designation of the planet Saturn, 244.

_Khamushtu_, the Assyro-Babylonian, 195 _and n._², 228.

_Khang_, the Mro term for rest day, 55.

Khasi of Assam, 54, 66, 106.

Khnumhotep II, an Egyptian local ruler, inscription of, 167.

_Khullakpa_ (_gennabura_), the secular and religious head of a Naga
community, 52 _sq._, 53 _n._¹, 233 _sq._

_Kiala_, a Nicobarese festival, 41 _and n._²

Kiriwina, island of, 125 _n._³

Koita of British New Guinea, 26 _and n._³

_Kopus_, a Bontoc Igorot festival, 48.

_Koran_, the, 182.

Korava of the Madras Presidency, 149.

Korea, 287, 303 _sq._

Koryak of Siberia, 73 _sq._

Kota of the Madras Presidency, 88.

Ku, Hawaiian deity, 15, 88.

Kuki. _See_ Lushei.

_Kumara_, the, 16 _sq._, 17 _n._¹

Kwakiutl of British Columbia, ceremonial cannibalism among the, 71
_n._⁴

Labour, remission of, during a tabooed or unlucky period. _See_ Rest
days.

_Lali_, a Kayan term for taboo, 27 _and n._³

Lalu. _See_ Muhso.

Land Dyak of Sarawak, 36 _sq._, 65.

Lao of Siam, 66, 105, 184 _n._², 194 _n._³, 201.

Laodicea, church council of, 269 _n._⁴

Laotians. _See_ Lao.

Lapps, the, 222.

_La tabu_, Hawaiian designation of Sunday, 10.

_Laws of Manu_, the, 151, 152.

Lemuria, Roman festival of the, 80, 81 _and n._¹, 94 _and n._², 263
_n._²

Lengua Indians of Paraguay, the, 129.

_Lex Hortensia_, the, 121 _and n._³

Liberia, 199 _n._⁵

Lithuanians, the, 222.

Loango, market days kept in, 109 _sq._;
the thirteenth month considered unlucky in, 177 _n._²

Lobengula, a Matabele king, 75 _n._²

Lolo, the, 194.

Lono, Hawaiian deity, 13, 15 _n._¹, 88.

Lotz, W., 232 _n._², 235 _n._¹

_Luakini_, chief temple in the Hawaiian Islands, consecration of a,
11 _sqq._

Lu-Bat, the Babylonian term, 213.

_Ludi_, the Roman, 305 _and n._³, 306.

Lumawig, supreme god of the Bontoc Igorot, 47, 48 _sq._, 88.

_Lumingu_, 109.

Lunar fortnights, 182 _sqq._, 239, 255.

—— mansions, the, 202, 274 _sq._, 294 _n._¹

—— weeks, 187 _sq._, 253 _sqq._

Lunation, beginning of the, at full moon, 119 _n._³, 186 _n._¹;
length of the, 174 _n._¹, 178;
division of the, into two fortnights, 182 _sqq._, 239, 255.

Lushei (Kuki), the, 54 _sq._

_Luxus sabbatarius_, the, 265.

Luzon, 46 _sqq._, 64, 88, 181.

Macassar, 205.

Macedonia, unlucky days observed in, 222 _n._³, 272, 278.

Madagascar, 3, 70, 76, 107 _n._², 132 _sq._, 197, 275 _and n._⁴

_Madnol_, the Toda, 289 _sqq._

Madras Presidency, the, 66 _sq._, 88, 89, 132, 134, 149, 288 _sqq._

Magicians, 34, 68, 285, 286 _n._¹, 287 _sq._

_Makahiki_, the Hawaiian New Year’s festival, 13 _and n._², 15 _n._¹,
23 _n._¹

_Making_, ancestral spirits of the Ibaloi Igorot, 49 _n._¹

Makololo of British South Africa, 144.

Malabar, 66 _sq._, 89, 291 _sq._

Malagasy, their conception of taboo, 3;
tabooed days observed by the, 70, 76;
the seven-day week of the, 107 _n._², 197 _and n._²;
their lunar superstitions, 132 _sq._;
their lucky and unlucky days, 275, 294 _sq._

Malanau of Sarawak, 208.

Malay Peninsula, 64, 105, 204, 286.

Maldive Islands, the, 201.

_Mamit_, the Babylonian term for taboo, 6, 231.

_Mana_, magical power, 5, 17, 86.

Manahiki (Humphrey Island), 21.

Mandingo of the Sudan, 132, 141.

Manipur, tabooed days observed in, 49 _sqq._, 65 _sq._

_Manitou_, 5.

Manyema of Belgian Congo, 108.

Maori of New Zealand, 16 _sq._, 17 _n._², 128, 177 _n._¹, 181 _n._⁷,
183, 188 _and n._¹, 214 _n._, 285.

_Marang_, the Garo term for taboo, 54.

March, unlucky days of, in Greek lands, 284.

Marduk, Babylonian god, 214, 229, 232, 241 _n._¹

Mariner, William, 18 _n._¹

Markets, rise of, 103, 117;
characteristic features of, among semi-civilized peoples, 105, 107,
108.
_See also_ Market days.

Market days, observance of, in New Guinea and Melanesia, 103 _sq._;
in Celebes, Sumatra, and Java, 104 _sq._;
in Tonkin, Siam, Burma, and Assam, 105 _sq._, 194 _n._³;
in Africa, 106 _sqq._;
in Mexico, Central America, Colombia, and Peru, 118 _sqq._;
in ancient Rome, 120 _sqq._;
restrictions attending, not connected with lunar superstitions, 148.

—— weeks, length of, 117 _sq._;
origin of, 118, 148, 187, 193.
_See also_ Market days.

Markheshwan, the eighth month of the Babylonian year, 224 _and n._²,
297.

Marquesas Islands, the, 15 _sq._, 16 _n._¹

Marriages not celebrated during a tabooed or unlucky period, 67, 80,
81, 137, 171, 209, 263 _n._², 273 _n._³, 278, 285, 286.

Masai, the seven-day week of the, 197 _sq._

Matabele of South Africa, restrictions observed by the king of the,
75 _n._²

May, an unlucky month for marriage, 263 _n._²

Mayas of Yucatan, 174, 280 _sq._

_Mbaki._ See _Nanga_.

_Mbalolo_, 22.

_Mbure_, the men’s house in the Fiji Islands, 22.

Mechoacan, tabooed days observed after the death of a ruler of, 70
_sq._

Medicine, practice of, by the Land Dyak of Borneo, 38 _n._⁴

Meinhold, J., 253 _n._⁶, 254.

Meithei of Manipur, 54 _and n._¹

Mekeo District of British New Guinea, 103.

_Melo_, a Kayan term for rest day, 32 _and n._³, 33, 65 _n._⁶

Mendi of Sierra Leone, 148 _n._¹

Men’s house, the, 22, 40 _and n._²

Menstruation, superstitions relating to, 69 _n._², 125;
supposed connection of the moon with, 127 _sqq._

Mentawi Islands, the, 43 _sq._, 44 _n._¹, 181.

Mexicans, market days kept by the, 118, 119 _and n._¹;
calendar of the, 174, 186 _and n._², 279 _sq._;
unlucky days of the, 280;
saints’ days observed by the modern, 306.

Miao (Miao-tse), the, 57.

Middle Ages, observance of unlucky days during the, 273, 299 _sqq._

Mikir of Assam, 54.

Mindanao, 45 _sq._

Mishmi, the, 54 _and n._⁵

_Mishna_, the, 263 _sq._

Missionaries, observance of Sunday introduced by, 10 _and n._³, 73
_n._², 75, 188 _n._¹, 209, 210, 295.

Mithra, a Persian deity, 202, 220 _and n._³

Mohammed, 175, 206.

Molucca Islands, the, 64 _and n._²

Mommsen, Theodor, on the Roman _nundinum_, 193 _n._³

Monday, an unlucky day in Germany, 127 _and n._³;
in India, consecrated to Siva, 201;
the first day of the week in Slavic countries, 222;
an unlucky day among the Jews, 274.

Mondunga of Belgian Congo, 117 _n._¹

Mongelima of Belgian Congo, 117 _n._¹

Mongolia, the Buddhist Sabbath in, 163.

Month, the lunar, 13 _n._², 156 _n._³, 166, 169, 170, 173 _sqq._, 226
_sqq._, 247;
intercalation of a thirteenth, 177 _and n._², 224, 247 _n._², 276;
beginning of the, 178 _sq._, 226 _sq._, 248 _sq._;
division of the, by the waxing and waning moon, 182 _sqq._;
the sidereal, 274 _n._²

Moon, tabooed or unlucky periods observed in connection with changes
of the, 14 _sq._, 20, 32 _and n._², 34 _and n._¹, 37, 52 _n._¹,
60, 88, 131 _sqq._, 143 _sqq._, 146 _sq._, 149 _sqq._, 224 _sq._,
233, 241, 246, 256 _sqq._;
eclipses of the, marked by taboos, 42, 50 _sq._, 134 _sq._;
supposed deleterious influence of the, 125 _sqq._;
associated with impregnation and childbirth, 127 _sqq._;
influence of, on the tides, 130;
supposed influence of, on the growth of vegetation, 130 _sq._;
doctrine of lunar sympathy, 131 _sqq._;
superstitions relating to the _interlunium_, 136 _sqq._;
as the measure of time, 173 _sqq._;
day of the new, how calculated, 174 _n._¹, 179, 184, 226 _sq._, 248
_sq._;
phases of the, closely observed by savage and barbarous peoples,
180 _sqq._, 238 _sq._;
day of the full, how calculated, 182 _n._⁷, 227;
division of the lunation into two periods, 182 _sqq._, 239, 255;
importance of the, to the early Hebrews, 246 _sq._;
Hebrew cult of the, 247, 248 _n._¹
_See also_ Full moon, Lunar mansions, _and_ New moon.

Moonshine, supposed noxious influence of, 125 _sqq._

Morocco, 70, 83, 258.

Moses, 244 _n._³, 261.

Motu of British New Guinea, 26 _and n._³

Mpongwe of French Equatorial Africa, their conception of taboo, 3.

Mro, the, 55.

Muhso (Lalu), the, 57, 194 _n._³

_Mundus patet_, 81.

Muppan of Malabar, 66 _sq._

Music, astrological notions relating to, 217 _and n._²

Muysca of Colombia, market days kept by the, 119 _and n._³

Naga of Manipur, tabooed days observed by the, 49 _sqq._, 65 _sq._,
134, 234.

Nail-paring, superstitions relating to, 91 _n._⁴, 151, 300.

_Nakshatra_, the Hindu, 275.

_Namungba_, the Meithei term for taboo, 54.

_Na na ai_, the Kachin term for rest day, 56.

Nandi of British East Africa, 68 _sq._, 69 _n._², 132, 181 _sq._, 210.

_Nanga_, a secret association in Fiji, 23 _and n._¹

Nannar, a Babylonian moon-god, 226.

_Nannaru_, Babylonian name of new-moon day, 226, 239.

Narnaka, inscription of, 240.

Nehemiah, 262.

_Nemontemi_, the, Mexican epagomenal days, 280 _and n._¹

Nepal, 155, 201.

Nestorian Monument, the, 202 _and n._³

New Britain, 180.

—— Caledonia, 104 _and n._⁴, 180.

—— Georgia, island of, 186 _n._¹

—— Hebrides, the, 209.

—— Mexico, 190.

—— South Wales, 128.

—— Zealand, 16 _sq._, 17 _n._², 128, 177 _n._¹, 181 _n._⁷, 183, 188
_and n._¹, 214 _n._, 285.

New moon, 18 _n._, 20, 37, 125 _and n._³, 132, 133, 136 _sq._, 140
_sqq._, 174 _n._¹, 179, 180, 181 _n._⁷, 184 _sq._, 186, 187, 226
_sqq._, 238 _sqq._, 246, 248 _sqq._, 253, 254, 255 _sq._, 260.

New Year’s festival, Hawaiian, 13 _and_ _n._², 88;
Maori, 17 _n._²;
Fijian, 22 _and n._², 23 _n._¹;
Kayan, 31;
Balinese, 42 _sq._;
Muhso, 57;
Hebrew, 82, 235 _n._², 256;
Babylonian, 276 _n._²

_Ngoma_, Akikuyu ancestral spirits, 6.

Nias, island of, 43, 181, 183.

Nicobar Islands, the, 40 _sq._, 64, 165 _and n._², 181.

Nielsen, D., 143 _n._¹, 237.

Nigeria (Northern), 116 _n._¹, 117 _n._¹;
(Southern), 78, 101 _n._¹, 111 _sq._, 182, 187 _n._¹

Nine as a symbolic number, 120 _n._²

Nineteenth day of the month, observance of the, in Babylonia, 224
_and n._³, 232 _n._³, 235 _n._¹, 257 _sq._

_Niu_, casting the, a Maori method of divination, 17.

_Noa_, 14.

Nones, the, 120 _n._², 170, 171, 185 _and n._¹, 305.

Northern Territory of South Australia, 180.

Noumenia, the Greek new-moon day, 169 _sq._, 184.

_Novemdiales feriæ_, 99, 120 _n._²

_Nubattu_, the Babylonian, 241 _n._¹

Numa, 94 _sq._, 121 _n._¹

Numbers, prejudice against even, 94, 178 _n._¹, 185;
symbolism of, 120 _n._², 206 _sqq._

_Nundinæ_, Roman market days, 92 _n._, 94 _n._³, 120 _sqq._

_Nundinum_, Roman market week, 120, 122, 193 _and n._³, 219.

Nycthemeron, the, 179 _n._¹, 218 _n._¹

Octad, the, 193 _sq._

_Odyssey_, the, 169, 211.

_Ogboni_, a Yoruba secret society, 78 _n._²

Ogun, a Yoruba god, 114 _n._

Omens, Kayan, 28 _sq._, 31 _sq._;
Iban, 33 _sq._;
Bontoc Igorot, 48;
Naga, 50 _n._¹

Ominous animals, cult of, in Borneo, 27, 28 _sq._, 32, 34, 59 _n._²

_Orenda_, 5, 86.

Origen, 270.

Ornaments not worn during a tabooed or unlucky period, 63, 65, 67, 70.

Oro, a Slave Coast deity, 78 _and n._²

_Orunda_, the Mpongwe term for taboo, 3.

Osiris, identified with the moon, 129 _n._⁶, 168 _sq._

Ovid, 245, 263 _n._², 266.

_Padi_, or rice, taboos affecting the cultivation of, in Borneo, 27
_sqq._, 37, 39 _n._²

Paganalia, Roman festival of the, 96 _and n._¹

Pagi Islands, the, 43.

Paharia of British Sikkim, 67.

_Palolo_ worm, the, 22 _and n._³

_Pamali_, a Land Dyak term for taboo, 36 _sq._, 37 _n._¹

_Pantang_, the Malay term for taboo, 27 _n._³, 204.

_Papyrus Sallier IV_, the, 296 _and n._¹, 297.

Paraguay, 129.

Parentalia, Roman festival of the, 80, 81 _and n._¹, 94 _n._²

Parsis, lucky and unlucky days of the, 166 _n._¹, 273 _n._³

_Pasar_, Javanese market week, 105, 165 _n._¹

Passover, the, 250.

Patani States of the Malay Peninsula, 64, 204.

_Patimokkha_, the disciplinary and penal code of Buddhism, 157 _and
n._³, 163 _and n._⁵

Paul, St., 269.

Pentad, the, 194 _sqq._

Perfumes and unguents not used during a tabooed or unlucky period, 1,
152, 155, 158.

_Permantong_, a Kayan term for taboo, 27 _and n._³

Persians, the seven-day week of the, 201 _n._⁴;
lunar mansions of the, 275;
their epagomenal days, 282.
_See also_ Iranians.

Peruvians, market days kept by the, 119 _sq._;
the seven-day week unknown to the, 120 _n._¹;
their lunar superstitions, 129, 141;
calendar of the, 174, 186, 190.

_Petara_, Sea Dyak gods, 35 _n._², 42 _sq._

Pharisees, the, 265, 269.

Philippine Islands, the, 44 _sqq._, 64, 88.

Philo Judæus, 261 _n._⁵, 266.

Phœnicians, the, 212 _n._¹, 240.

_Pidiu_, the Ibaloi Igorot term for taboo, 49 _n._¹

Pinches, T. G., on the meaning of _shabattum_, 237, 238 _n._⁴

_Pitara._ See _Petara_.

Planetary or astrological week, in India, 200, 292;
in southeastern Asia, 201;
in China, 202 _sq._;
in Japan, 203 _sq._;
in the Malay Peninsula, 204;
in Sumatra, Java, and Bali, 205;
origin of the, 215 _sqq._;
introduction of the, into the Occident, 219;
adopted by Christianity, 220 _sq._;
its diffusion in Europe, 221 _sq._;
in Afghanistan, 293.

Planets, differentiation of the, from the fixed stars, 213;
identification of the, with deities of the Babylonian pantheon, 214
_sq._;
the planetary week, 215 _sqq._;
in Mithraism, 220 _n._³

Plato, on festival days, 91.

Pleiades calendars, 176 _sq._, 225 _and n._²

Pliny the Younger, 268 _n._¹

Plutarch, 264 _n._¹, 266.

Plynteria, Athenian festival of the, 92 _sq._

_Pomali_, a Malay term for taboo, 64.

Pompeii, inscriptions from, relating to the planetary week, 219.

Pompey the Great, 216, 266.

_Porikh._ See _Pamali_.

Portugal, names of the weekdays in, 221 _n._²

Portuguese East Africa, 190.

_Posadha_, the, in China, 163 _n._⁵

_Posaha_, the Jain, 154 _sq._

_Poya_ days, observed in Ceylon, 158, 159 _and n._¹

Prascovia, St., 222 _n._²

Prayer, nature of Hawaiian, 12 _n._²

Pre-animistic sanctions of taboos, 4 _sq._, 75, 83.

Ptolemy, Greek astronomer, 216.

Puberty, taboos imposed on the attainment of, 7, 69 _n._²;
initiation at, among the Fijians, 23 _and n._¹, 24;
among the Yao, 125.

Pula, the, 194.

_Punän_, the term for taboo in the Mentawi Islands, 43 _sq._

Punjab, the, 137 _sq._

Purim, Hebrew festival of, 276 _n._²

_Pyramid Texts_, the, 166 _sq._, 281.

Python, cult of the, in Uganda, 146.

Ra, Egyptian god, 258.

Radama I, Malagasy king, 197.

Ratu-mai-Mbulu, a Fijian deity, 21.

Reformation, the, 301, 306.

Reinach, S., 257 _n._¹

Rendile of British East Africa, 198 _sq._

Rest days, characteristics of primitive, 1;
connection of, with the institution of taboo, 1 _sq._;
in Hawaii, 9 _sqq._, 88, 188, 233, 303;
in the Society Islands and the Marquesas Islands, 15 _sq._, 16
_n._¹;
among the Maori, 16 _sq._, 17 _n._²;
in the Tonga Islands, 18 _and n._², 19;
in Samoa, 19 _sq._;
in New Guinea, 26 _and n._¹;
among the Kayan of Borneo, 27 _sqq._;
among the Iban or Sea Dyak, 33 _sqq._;
among the Land Dyak, 36 _sqq._;
in the Nicobar Islands, 40 _sq._, 165;
in Bali, 41 _sqq._;
in the Mentawi Islands, 43 _sq._;
in the Philippines, 44 _sqq._;
in Manipur, 49 _sqq._;
in Assam, 53 _sqq._;
in Burma, 55 _sqq._;
among the aborigines of southwestern China, 57 _sq._, 194;
a characteristic feature of Indo-Chinese culture, 58;
compared with the _couvade_, 58 _sq._;
psychological and sociological aspects of, 59 _sq._;
mark critical epochs in the communal life, 60 _sq._;
observed after a death, 62 _sqq._, 84;
observance of, in Africa, during seasons of ghost-riddance and
demon-riddance, 74 _sqq._;
observed in connection with the proceedings of west African secret
societies, 77 _sq._;
the Greek ἀποφράδες ἡμέραι as, 79 _sq._, 84, 92 _sq._, 139 _sq._;
the Roman _dies religiosi_ as, 80 _sq._, 84, 93 _sq._, 170 _sq._,
273;
the Hebrew Day of Atonement and Feast of Trumpets as, 81 _sqq._;
the Mohammedan Feast of Sacrifices, 83;
festivals observed as, 85 _sqq._;
among the Dravidian peoples of India, 88 _sqq._;
the Hebrew Day of First-fruits, 90 _sq._;
Greek festivals as, 91 _sqq._, 169 _sq._, 211 _sq._, 304;
Roman festivals as, 93 _sqq._, 121 _sq._, 170, 304 _sqq._;
observed in connection with agricultural operations, 101 _and
n._¹, 102;
market days as, 103 _sq._, 104 _n._, 109 _sqq._, 118, 119 _sqq._;
observed in connection with the waning moon, 131 _sqq._;
observed during lunar eclipses, 134 _sq._;
observed during the _interlunium_, 136 _sqq._;
observed at changes of the moon, 143;
lunar days as, in Africa, 144 _sqq._;
lunar taboos in modern India, 148 _sq._;
the ancient Aryan _upavasatha_ as a Sabbath, 149 _sqq._;
sabbatarian character of lunar days in Brahmanism, 151 _sqq._;
the Jain _posaha_, 154 _sq._;
the Buddhist Sabbath, or _uposatha_, 155 _sqq._;
diffusion of the Buddhist Sabbath, 158 _sqq._;
new moon and full moon as, among the Greeks and Romans, 169 _sq._;
the _dies postriduani_, 170 _sq._;
in Madagascar and eastern Africa, 197 _sqq._;
of the American Indians, 197 _n._¹, 303 _n._³;
not observed by the Chinese, 203 _and n._¹, 303 _sq._;
in Japan, 203 _sq._;
not observed by the Javanese, 205 _n._⁴;
in Islam, 205 _sq._;
seventh days observed as, 208 _sqq._;
in Christianity, 220 _sqq._, 269 _sqq._, 306 _sqq._;
in Mithraism, 220 _n._³;
the Babylonian “evil days” as, 223, 232 _sqq._, 235 _n._¹, 236,
241, 254;
the Hebrew Sabbath, 242 _sqq._;
the Christian Sunday, 267 _sqq._;
unlucky days observed as, 272 _sqq._;
social and economic significance of, 302 _sqq._

_Rex sacrorum_, the Roman, 97, 170.

_Rig-Veda_, the, 177 _n._², 276, 277.

Rivers, W. H. R., on the lunar superstitions of the Toda, 132;
on their sacred days, 288 _sqq._

Roman Church, names of the weekdays in the calendar of the, 221 _n._²

Romance countries, names of the weekdays in, 221 _and n._²

Romans, ancient, unlucky days of the, 80 _and n._², 81, 84, 93 _sq._,
94 _n._², 170 _sq._, 171 _n._³, 273;
festivals of the, 80 _sq._, 93 _sqq._, 121 _sqq._, 170, 304 _sqq._;
their market week and market days, 92 _n._, 94 _n._³, 120 _sqq._,
193 _and n._³, 219;
their lunar calendar, 170, 184 _sq._

Romulus, 94, 121, 177 _n._¹

_Rongker_, the Mikir term for rest day, 54.

Roro-speaking peoples of British New Guinea, 26.

Russia, Friday an unlucky day in, 222 _n._²;
saints’ days observed in, 307.

Sabbatarian regulations, penalties for disobedience of, 10, 20, 46
_sq._, 113, 160, 161, 261 _sq._, 290;
how evaded, 264, 289 _sq._, 293 _n._³

Sabbath, the Hebrew, 10 _n._⁴, 91, 96 _n._¹, 98 _n._⁴, 104 _n._, 109,
122, 148, 179 _n._¹, 235, 236 _and n._, 242 _sqq._, 291 _sq._,
304.

—— Day’s journey, length of a, 251 _n._⁵, 264.

Sabbatical Year, the Hebrew, 236 _n._, 260 _sqq._

_Sacer_, the Latin term for taboo, 3 _and n._⁵

Saints’ days, observance of, 306 _sq._

Samoa, village deities of, 19 _sq._;
tabooed days observed in, 19 _sq._, 24.

Sanhedrin, the, 247 _n._², 248.

_Sansculottides_, the, 283.

Saoria of Bengal, 137.

Sarawak, 27 _sqq._, 33 _sqq._, 65, 208.

_Sarhul_, a Uraon festival, 89.

Sarpanit, Babylonian goddess, 241 _n._¹

Saturday, an unlucky day, 92 _n._, 201, 222 _n._³, 244 _n._³, 245;
names applied to, 188 _n._¹, 221, 222 _and n._²;
change from, to Sunday, as the first day of the planetary week, 220
_sq._, 268;
Saturn’s Day and, 243 _sqq._;
ecclesiastical recognition of, as a holy day, 269 _and n._⁴

Saturn, supposed consecration of the _nundinæ_ to, 122 _n._²;
the planet, 213, 243 _sqq._
_See also_ Saturday.

Sayce, A. H., on the _khamushtu_, 195 _n._²

Scapegoat, the Hebrew, 81 _sqq._

Schiaparelli, G., 213, 235 _n._¹, 261 _n._³

Scotland, abstinence from work after a death observed in, 74;
lunar superstitions in, 133;
observance of Saturday in, 270 _n._;
unlucky days observed in, 279.

Sea Dyak. _See_ Iban.

Seclusion necessary during a tabooed or unlucky period, 1, 9, 10,
12, 15, 20, 22, 26, 28 _sq._, 36, 38, 39, 41, 42, 44, 53, 56, 58
_sq._, 64, 65, 69 _n._², 71, 74, 78, 115 _n._⁴, 147, 232 _sq._,
257, 280, 295, 296, 297.
_See also_ Strangers, exclusion of.

Secret societies, in Fiji, 23 _and n._¹, 24;
in west Africa, 77 _sq._, 111.

Selene, 130, 139 _sq._

Seligmann, C. G., 26 _n._³, 101 _n._¹

Seminoles of Florida, 71.

_Sepi_, the Balinese term for rest day, 42.

Sequani of Gaul, 186 _n._¹

Servius Tullius, 121.

Seven, as a symbolic number, 208 _sqq._, 225 _and n._², 229 _sqq._

Seven-day week, the, in New Caledonia, 104 _and n._⁴;
in the island of Bali, 105;
in the Malay Peninsula, 105, 204;
among the Guinea and Sudanese negroes, 115 _sqq._, 199;
not known to the Peruvians, 120 _n._¹;
in Sumatra, 180;
in New Zealand, 188 _n._¹;
in Indo-China, 189;
unknown to the Egyptians, 191 _n._¹, 245 _sq._;
Abyssinian, 194 _n._¹;
origin and diffusion of the, 196 _sq._;
in Madagascar and eastern Africa, 197 _sq._;
in India, 199 _sqq._, 292;
in southeastern Asia, 201;
in central and northern Asia, 201 _n._⁴;
in China, 202 _sq._;
in Japan, 203 _sq._;
in the Malay Archipelago, 204 _sq._;
of the Arabs, 205 _sq._;
the planetary or astrological, 215 _sqq._;
in Babylonia, 224 _sq._, 227 _sqq._, 253 _sq._;
of the Hebrews, 253 _sqq._;
of the early Christians, 267;
of the Toda, 292;
in Afghanistan, 293.
_See also_ Planetary or astrological week.

Seventh day, the, 205, 208 _sqq._, 224, 232 _sq._, 243, 244 _n._³,
299.

Sexual intercourse, prohibited during a tabooed or unlucky period,
10, 15, 39 _and n._², 58, 110, 134, 146, 151, 152, 155, 158, 233,
296 _sq._, 298;
effect of illicit, on the crops, 36 _n._

_Shabattum_, Babylonian name of full-moon day, 81 _n._³, 235 _sqq._,
251.

_Shabbāth_, original meaning of the Hebrew term, 251, 252, 253;
used in the general sense of “week,” 253 _n._²

_—— shabbāthôn_, the Hebrew, 81 _and n._³, 82, 251, 260.

_Shabbāthôn_, the Hebrew, 235 _and n._²

_Shabbti_, Jewish designation of the planet Saturn, 244.

Shamash, Babylonian sun-god, 239.

Shan of Burma, 105 _sq._

Shaving, superstitions relating to, 92 _n._

_Shib’a_, Jewish period of strict mourning after a death, 74.

Shropshire, 279.

Siam, tabooed days observed in, 66;
market days kept in, 105, 194 _n._³;
the Buddhist Sabbath in, 161 _sq._;
bipartite division of the month employed in, 184;
the seven-day week in, 201.

Siberia, 73 _sq._, 126, 132, 201 _n._⁴

Sickness, taboos imposed in connection with, 24, 25, 34 _sq._, 36,
38, 39, 42, 43 _sqq._, 51, 60.

Sierra Leone, 148 _n._¹

Sikkim, 67.

Silence observed during a tabooed or unlucky period, 1, 9 _sq._, 11,
12 _and n._², 14, 16 _n._¹, 20, 21, 22, 26, 41, 42, 44, 62, 67,
77, 151, 278, 297.

Sin, a Babylonian moon-god, 126, 129, 139, 226, 228 _sq._, 239, 240,
248 _n._¹

Sinaugolo of British New Guinea, a division of time formerly observed
by the, 101 _n._¹

Singer, Jacob, 249 _n._³

Slave Coast of west Africa, 77 _sq._, 112, 113 _sq._, 187.

Slavic peoples, names of the weekdays among, 222.

Smith, H. P., 249 _n._³

Smith, W. R., 4 _n._, 86 _n._¹, 252.

Society Islands, the, 9, 15 _sq._, 181 _n._⁷

Sofalese of Portuguese East Africa, 190 _and n._²

_Solevu ni vilavou_, a Fijian New Year’s festival, 23 _n._¹

_Soma_, the intoxicating juice of the moon-plant, 150 _sq._, 158 _n._¹

Somali, the, 199, 210.

South Australia, 180.

_Soyáluña_, a Hopi Indian festival, 303 _n._³

Spartans, religious scruples of the, 133 _n._³

Spencer, John, on the origin of the Sabbath in Egypt, 245.

Spirits. _See_ Demons.

Strabo, on festival days, 85.

Strangers, exclusion of, during a tabooed or unlucky period, 1, 20,
24, 27, 29 _sq._, 35, 36, 37, 39 _n._¹, 42 _sq._, 44, 45 _sq._,
49 _n._¹, 50, 55, 56, 57 _and n._², 66.

Stseelis of British Columbia, 197 _n._¹

Subanu of Mindanao, 45 _sq._

Sudan, the, 69 _n._², 116 _n._¹, 132, 141.

Sulla, 100.

Sumatra, 104 _sq._, 180 _sq._, 183, 204 _sq._, 214 _n._, 285 _sq._

Sun, worship of the, in modern India, 153 _sq._

Sunday, observance of, by native converts to Christianity, 10 _and
n._³, 73 _n._², 75, 114 _n._, 188 _n._¹, 209, 210, 295;
an unlucky day, 92 _n._, 137, 201;
legislation of Constantine relating to, 122 _sq._, 220;
markets held on, during the Middle Ages, 123 _and n._²;
in Siam, 162;
in India, 200 _n._³, 201;
among the Lao, 201;
in China, 202 _and n._³;
in Japan, 203 _sq._;
becomes the first day of the planetary week, 220 _sq._, 268;
how named by the early Christians, 267 _and n._³;
how observed by the early Christians, 267 _sq._;
comes to be regarded as a rest day, 269 _sqq._

—— legislation, 122 _sq._, 270 _sq._

Sundyak. _See_ Dusun.

Superstition, sociological aspects of, 63 _n._², 302, 307 _sq._

_Sutta Nipâta_, the, 157.

Swaheli of German East Africa, 76, 197.

Tabernacles, Hebrew Feast of, 236 _n._, 250, 251.

Taboo, derivation of the word, 2;
ideas involved in, 2 _sq._;
definition of, 3;
conception of, widely diffused, _ib._;
how classified, 4;
pre-animistic character of, 4 _sq._;
supported by animistic sanctions, 5 _sq._;
conceptions of abstinence and propitiation involved in, 6 _sq._;
social aspects of, 7, 25, 38 _sq._, 59 _sq._, 95;
holiness and, 86 _and n._¹

_Tabu_, the Polynesian conception of, 2 _and n._²;
compared with the Hebrew conception, 10 _n._⁴;
compared with the Babylonian _mamit_, 231.

Tacitus, on the origin of the Sabbath, 245 _n._³

Tahiti, observance of Sunday in, 10.

_Tambo nalanga_, a Fijian New Year’s festival, 22 _and n._²

_Tambu_, the Melanesian term for taboo, 3.

_Ṭāmē_, the Hebrew term for taboo, 4 _n._

Tamil-speaking peoples of southern India, village festivals of the,
89 _sq._

_Tapu._ See _Tabu_.

Tarentum, festivals of ancient, 304.

Tashi Lama, tabooed days observed after the death of the, 67.

Tatars, the, 132.

Tattooing, superstitions relating to, 53 _n._²

Telugu-speaking peoples of southern India, village festivals of the,
89 _sq._

Tenasserim, 161 _n._¹

_Tengao_ (_tengau_), the Bontoc Igorot term for rest day, 46 _and
n._², 88.

_Tengau._ See _Tengao_.

Tertullian, on the proper observance of Sunday, 268 _n._³, 269, 270
_and n._¹

_Thahu_, the Akikuyu term for taboo, 6.

Thessaly, unlucky days observed in, 222 _n._³

Thor, 221 _n._³

Thothmes III, inscription of, 167 _sq._

Thursday, observance of, as a holy day, 221 _n._³

Tiberius, Roman emperor, 305.

Tibet, tabooed days observed in, 67;
the Buddhist Sabbath in, 162 _sq._;
the seven-day week in, 201;
unlucky days observed in, 287 _sq._

Tibullus, 244 _sq._, 266.

Tides, influence of the moon on the, 130.

Timor, island of, 63.

Tippera, the, 55.

Titi Usi, Samoan village deity, 20.

Toda of the Madras Presidency, beliefs of, relating to the moon, 132,
134;
their reckoning of the lunation, 179;
their sacred days, 288 _sqq._

Tofoke of Belgian Congo, 190.

Togo, 114 _and n._³, 115, 182.

_Toh_, the Kayan spirits, 6.

Tonga Islands, the, 18 _and n._², 19.

Tonkin, 105, 189.

Tooitonga, Tonga divine chief, 18, 19.

Torres Straits, islands of, 128 _and n._²

Toy, C. H., on the meaning of _shabattum_, 238.

Trading not allowed during a tabooed or unlucky period, 42, 43, 67,
71, 151, 155, 159, 300.

Travel prohibited during a tabooed or unlucky period, 7, 20, 21, 26,
49 _n._¹, 64, 68, 83, 115 _n._⁴, 136, 151, 171, 190 _n._⁴, 198,
201, 210, 232, 233, 241 _n._¹, 273 _n._³, 275, 285, 289, 293,
297, 298, 301.

Trumpets, Hebrew Feast of, 82.

Tshi-speaking peoples of the Gold Coast, tabooed days observed by
the, 112, 113, 115;
their lunar weeks, 187 _and n._²;
unlucky days of the, 272.

Tuesday, an unlucky day, 201, 272 _and n._²;
a lucky day, 273 _sq._

Tuhoe of New Zealand, beliefs of the, relating to the moon, 128.

Tui Tokelau, Polynesian divinity, 20 _sq._

Tullus Hostilius, Roman king, 99.

Tungthu of Tenasserim, 161 _n._¹

Twelve Days, the, of the early Aryans, 276 _sq._;
in European folklore, 277 _sqq._

_Ubone_, or duty days, observed in Burma, 159 _sqq._, 161 _n._¹

_Ucharal_, a festival celebrated in Malabar, 89.

Uganda, 69 _sq._, 75 _sq._, 129, 145 _sqq._, 147 _n._³

_Ûm nûkh libbi_, 236, 241.

Union Islands, the, 20 _sq._

United States, the, lunar superstitions in, 127, 140 _n._³

Unleavened Bread, Hebrew Feast of, 179 _n._¹, 250, 251.

Unlucky days, of the ancient Greeks, 79 _and n._³, 80 _and n._¹, 84,
92 _sq._, 139 _and n._³, 140;
of the ancient Romans, 80 _sq._, 84, 93 _sq._, 170 _sq._, 273;
African, 111 _n._³, 190 _n._², 190 _n._³, 272;
German, 127, 278 _sq._;
in Ceylon, 159 _n._¹;
in the Malay Peninsula, 162 _n._⁴, 286;
Persian, 166 _n._¹, 282;
Malagasy, 197 _n._², 275, 294 _sq._;
Hindu, 201, 275;
Russian, 222 _n._²;
modern Greek, 222 _n._³, 272 _n._², 284 _sq._;
Babylonian, 241 _n._¹, 297 _sq._;
Egyptian, 258, 282, 295 _sqq._, 304;
Hebrew, 263 _and n._²;
origin of beliefs in, 272, 274, 276, 283;
Macedonian, 272, 273 _n._³, 278, 284 _and n._¹;
mediæval superstitions concerning, 273, 299 _sqq._;
Burmese, 273 _n._³, 302;
Abyssinian, 276 _n._;
in the British Isles, 279;
Mexican, 279 _sq._;
Maya, 280 _sq._;
Maori, 285;
in Sumatra, 285 _sq._;
Chinese, 286 _sq._;
Korean, 287;
Japanese, _ib._;
Tibetan, 287 _sq._;
Toda, 290 _sq._;
of the Siah Posh Kafirs, 293 _sq._;
in the Hesiodic calendar, 298 _sq._;
social and economic aspects of, 302 _sqq._

_Upavasatha_, observance of the, in ancient India, 149 _sqq._, 156.

_Uposatha_, the Buddhist Sabbath, 155 _sqq._;
diffusion of the, in southeastern Asia, 158 _sqq._

Ur, city of, 239.

Uraon of Bengal, 88 _sq._

Veblen, Thorstein, on sacred holidays, 87 _n._¹

Vedas, the, not to be read on certain occasions, 152 _sq._

Venus, the planet, 205, 213, 214 _n._¹, 243.

Vergil, on Roman holy days, 98;
his calendar of lucky and unlucky days, 299 _n._²

Vespasian, Roman emperor, 245.

Vestalia, Roman festival of the, 92 _n._, 93 _sq._

Vey of Liberia, 199 _n._⁵

Victoria, 180.

Village gods, Samoan, 19 _and n._¹, 20.

_Vishaptatha_, 166 _n._

_Vishnu Purana_, the, 151 _sq._, 152.

Wa, the Wild, 57.

Wachaga of German East Africa, 107, 209.

Wagiriama of British East Africa, 107 _and n._², 136 _and n._³, 189
_sq._, 209.

Wahuma. _See_ Bahima.

_Wakanda_, 5.

Wales, unlucky days observed in, 279.

Wanika of British East Africa, 107.

_Wan phra_, the Siamese Sabbath, 161 _sq._

Warfare not engaged in during a tabooed or unlucky period, 21, 22,
33, 34, 80, 81, 132, 133 _and n._³, 137, 171, 209, 303.

Wasania of British East Africa, 134, 209.

Wednesday, an unlucky day, 92 _n._

Weekdays, names of the, in Java, 105;
in Africa, 109, 111, 112, 113 _n._⁶, 115 _n._²;
in New Zealand, 188 _n._¹;
of the planetary sequence, 219;
in European languages, 221 _sq._;
among the early Christians, 267 _and n._³

Weeks, three-day, 103 _sq._, 105, 107, 108, 110, 119 _and n._³;
four-day, 105, 106 _sq._, 108, 109 _sq._, 111 _sq._, 114 _and n._²,
116 _n._¹, 119 _n._³;
five-day, 103, 104, 105 _sq._, 108, 110, 112 _n._¹, 113 _and n._⁶,
114 _and n._³, 116 _n._¹, 118 _sq._, 165 _n._¹, 187 _and n._²,
194 _sqq._;
six-day, 114 _and n._², 115 _n._, 116 _n._¹, 194;
seven-day, 104 _and n._⁴, 105, 115 _sqq._, 120 _n._¹, 122, 180, 187
_and n._², 189, 194 _n._¹, 196 _sq._, 197 _sqq._, 199 _n._⁵, 215
_sqq._, 224 _sq._, 227 _sqq._, 253 _sqq._, 267;
eight-day, 106, 109, 110, 111, 112 _n._¹, 119 _n._³, 120 _sqq._,
193 _sq._;
nine-day, 116 _n._¹, 192, 193 _and n._²;
ten-day, 110, 119 _sq._, 188 _sqq._
_See also_ Lunar weeks _and_ Market weeks.

Wellhausen, Julius, 82 _n._², 252.

Westermarck, Edward, 259.

White, the colour appropriate for sacred days observed on the Gold
Coast, 112 _and n._²

Winckler, Hugo, on the _khamushtu_, 195 _n._²

Women, restrictions on, during a tabooed or unlucky period, 15, 22,
41, 78, 83, 89, 115 _n._⁴, 194.

_Ya_, the Arakanese term for rest day, 55.

Yabim of German New Guinea, 57 _n._¹

Yakut of Siberia, 74.

Yap, island of, 24 _sq._, 189.

Year, the lunar, 13 _n._², 82 _n._², 174, 175, 176 _sqq._, 226, 247
_n._²;
beginning of the new, 75;
the solar, 82 _n._², 166, 174, 177 _sq._, 247 _n._², 279 _sqq._

Yoruba-speaking peoples of the Slave Coast, tabooed days observed by
the, 77 _sq._, 112, 113 _sq._;
their lunar weeks, 187 _and n._²

Yucatan, 174, 280 _sq._

Yuchi Indians, the, 101 _n._¹

Yukaghir of Siberia, 201 _n._⁴

Zagmuk, Babylonian festival of, 276 _n._²

Zimmern, H., 237, 238 _n._⁴, 252 _n._⁶

Zulu of British South Africa, 67 _sq._, 137, 144.

Zuñi Indians of New Mexico, 190 _and n._⁶, 211 _n._¹

Printed in the United States of America.