Chapter XXIV: Summary (5)

Lettis, prohibited degrees among the, p. 302;
monogamous, p. 437 n. 1;
divorce among the, p. 523 n. 9.

Leuckart, Prof. R., on the periodicity in the sexual life of
animals, p. 25.

Levirate, pp. 3, 510-514.

Liburnes, alleged community of women among the, p. 52.

Lifuans, time for ‘engagements’ among the, p. 30;
terms for relationships among the, pp. 86, 89;
children belong to the father’s clan among the, p. 100;
celibacy caused by polygyny among the, p. 144;
prohibited degrees among the, p. 301;
polyandry among the, p. 451;
divorce among the, p. 522.

Limbus, children belong to the father’s clan among the, p. 102;
wives obtained by service among the, p. 390 n. 7.

Lippert, J., on the place of the maternal uncle in the primitive
family, p. 39;
on the promiscuity of primitive man, p. 51.

Lipplapps, alleged sterility of, p. 287;
excess of women among the, p. 478.

Lithuania, marriage by capture in, p. 387.

Livonia, marriage by capture in, p. 387.

Lizards, sexual odours of, p. 246.

Loango, Negroes of, female chastity among the, pp. 62 _sq._;
inheritance through females among the, p. 112;
men more desirous of ornaments than women among the, p. 184;
nakedness of women among the, p. 189;
women’s power of choice among the, p. 220 n. 11;
marriage with slaves among the, p. 371 n. 8;
morning gift among the, p. 410 n. 3;
marriage ceremony among the, p. 421;
polygyny among the, p. 435;
monogamous as a rule, p. 438;
divorce among the, p. 527 n. 1.

Lob-nor, Lake-dwellers of, unchastity punished by the, p. 63;
marry early, p. 139.

Locustidæ, colours of the, p. 247.

London, marriages between first cousins in, p. 346.

Loucheux Indians. See Kutchin.

Louisiade Archipelago, want of modesty among the people of the,
p. 188.

Love, analysis of, p. 456;
affectionate, ch. xvi., p. 546;
depending on sympathy, ch. xvi.;
influencing the form of marriage, pp. 502, 503, 548;
influencing the duration of marriage, pp. 533, 534, 536.

Love-bird, pp. 502 _sq._

Loyalty Islands. See Lifuans, Maréan language, Uea.

Lubbock, Sir John, on the progress of mankind, p. 5;
on the importance of the tribe among savage men, p. 50;
on the promiscuity of primitive man, pp. 51 _sq._;
evidence for early promiscuity adduced by, pp. 52-61, 72-81;
on expiation for individual marriage, pp. 72, 73, 76, 78 n. 3;
on the estimation of courtesans, pp. 80 _sq._;
on names for father and mother, p. 85 n. 4;
on the roots ‘pa’ and ‘ma,’ p. 88;
on marriage by purchase, p. 145;
on the plain appearance of savage women, p. 183 n. 5;
on the origin of exogamy, p. 316;
on savage observation of the injurious results of consanguineous
marriage, p. 318 n. 1;
on female beauty in hot countries, p. 488 n. 2.

Lubus (Sumatra), alleged absence of marriage among the, pp. 54 _sq._;
marriage by purchase among the, p. 58.

Lucas, P., on love excited by contrasts, p. 354, _ib._ n. 5.

‘Lucky days’ for marriage, p. 424 n. 1.

Lukungu, female dress in, p. 191.

Lukunor, tattooing of men in, p. 178;
ideas of modesty in, p. 211.

Luther, Martin, on marriage as a civil act, p. 428;
on polygyny, p. 434.

Lydians, women’s liberty of choice among the, p. 221.

Lyø, consanguineous marriages in, p. 344.

M

Maabar (Coromandel Coast), ideal of beauty in, p. 264.

Ma Bung (Timannee country), excess of women in, p. 464.

Macas (Ecuador), property hereditary in the male line among the,
p. 99;
marriage by capture and by purchase among the, p. 383.

Macassars (Celebes), prohibited degrees among the, p. 302;
class-endogamy of the, p. 371 n. 4;
divorce among the, p. 527 n. 1.

Macatecas, religious ceremonies among the, p. 422.

Machacaris, covering used by the, pp. 189 _sq._

McLennan, Mr. J. F. , on early history, p. 2;
on the Levirate, pp. 3, 510, 512-514;
on the promiscuity of primitive man, p. 51;
on ‘kinship through females only,’ pp. 96, 97, 105;
on Sir John Lubbock’s theory of expiation for individual marriage,
pp. 72, 73, 76;
on the estimation of courtesans, p. 81;
on the maternal system among the ancient Aryans, p. 104 n. 2;
on polyandry, pp. 132, 510, 512-514;
on the origin of exogamy, pp. 311, 314;
on Sir John Lubbock’s hypothesis as to the origin of individual
marriage, p. 316;
on the origin of marriage by capture, p. 388.

Macusís, their term for father and paternal uncle, p. 87;
speedy remarriage of widowers and widows prohibited among the,
p. 129 n. 6;
female dress among the, p. 190;
early betrothals among the, p. 213 n. 6;
polygyny exceptional among the, p. 441 n. 4;
superstitious ceremonies among the, p. 485 n. 2;
divorce exceptional among the, p. 521 n. 9.

Madagascar, state of morality in, pp. 68 _sq._;
supplying guests with wives in, p. 74;
systems of kinship in, p. 103;
adulterer regarded as a thief in, p. 130 n. 3;
cicatrices made in the skin by some tribes of, p. 169;
circumcision in, pp. 202, 203, 204 n. 2;
female appreciation of manly strength and courage in, p. 255;
incest in, p. 293;
prohibited degrees in, p. 308;
consanguineous marriages in, p. 348;
infertility of the women in, _ib._;
desire for offspring in, p. 377;
marriage portion in, p. 414 n. 4;
polygyny in, pp. 447, 500;
excess of women in, p. 465;
Levirate in, pp. 511 n., 514, _ib._ n.;
divorce in, p. 526.
See Bétsiléo, Hovas, Iboína, Sàkalàva, Tanàla.

Mádi, pregnancy must be followed by marriage among the, p. 23;
women’s liberty of choice among the, p. 220.

Magians, divorce among the, p. 520.

Magyars, race-prejudice among the, p. 364.

Mahaga language (Ysabel), term for father in the, p. 86.

Mahlemuts, prohibited degrees among the, p. 297;
no marriage ceremony among the, p. 417 n. 4;
polygyny exceptional among the, p. 441 n. 4.

Maine, Sir Henry, on paternity and maternity, p. 105;
his argument against the hypothesis of promiscuity, p. 115;
on the _patria potestas_ of the primitive Aryans, p. 230;
on savage observation of the injurious results of consanguineous
marriage, p. 318;
on endogamy in civilized society, p. 373.

Maize, varieties of, p. 288.

Makalaka, breaking out teeth among some of the, pp. 167, 174;
tattooing of young girls among the, p. 178.

Makin (Kingsmill Islands), celibacy caused by polygyny in, p. 144;
quarrels for women in, p. 161;
excess of women in, p. 462.

Makololo, their ideal of female beauty, p. 259;
polygyny among the, p. 495.

Makonde, obligatory continence among the, p. 484.

Malabar, _jus primae noctis_ in, pp. 77, 80;
polyandry in, p. 474.
See Nairs, Teeyer.

Malay Archipelago, state of, morality in the, p. 63;
kinship through males in the, p. 100;
kinship through females only, in the, p. 102;
jealousy of the men in the, p. 120;
virginity required from the bride in the, p. 123;
celibates disdained in the, p. 136 n. 10;
filing and blackening the teeth in the, pp. 166, 167, 174;
women’s liberty of choice in the, pp. 218 _sq._;
incest in the, pp. 290 _sq._;
prohibited degrees in the, p. 302;
preference given to strangers in the, p. 323;
class-endogamy in the, p. 371;
barren wives despised in the, p. 378 n. 4;
marriage by capture in the, p. 385;
return gift in the, p. 409;
marriage ceremony in the, p. 419;
unlucky days for marriage in the, p. 424 n. 1;
polygyny in the, pp. 440, 444;
Levirate in the, p. 511 n.;
divorce in the, pp. 518, 522, 523, 527.

Malayan family, system of, nomenclature among the, pp. 82-84.

Malays, authority of the maternal uncle among the, p. 40;
privileges of the rajahs among many, p. 79;
marry early, p. 139;
difficulty in supporting a family unknown among the, p. 147;
circumcision among the, p. 203;
early betrothals among the, p. 214 n. 8;
their ideal of beauty, p. 264;
mongrels among the, pp. 283, 287;
large households of the, p. 325;
polygyny among the, p. 448 n. 2;
obligatory continence among the, p. 483 n. 2;
divorce among the, pp. 530, 532 n. 3, 534 n. 4.

Malays, Mohammedan, polygyny among the, p. 535;
divorce among the, _ib._

Maldivians, the husband’s duties among the, p. 17;
divorce among the, p. 519.

Mallicollo (New Hebrides), indecent dress of women in, p. 194.

Malwa, excess of women in, p. 463.

Mammals, parental care among, pp. 12, 21;
pairing seasons of, pp. 25-28;
courtship among, p. 163;
sexual odours and sounds of, pp. 241, 246-250;
colours of, p. 245;
‘ornaments’ of certain male, pp. 250 _sq._;
hybridism among, p. 278;
absorbing passion for one, among certain domesticated, p. 502;
duration of the relation between the sexes among, p. 517.

Man, primitive, pairing season of, pp. 28, 35;
marriage with, pp. 39, 537;
fighting for females with, p. 159;
courtship of, p. 163;
women’s liberty of choice with, pp. 222, 542;
sexual selection with, p. 253;
homogeneous, p. 272;
infanticide probably unknown with, p. 313;
consanguineous marriage with, pp. 352 _sq._;
conjugal affection with, p. 360;
monogamy of, pp. 508, 549;
duration of marriage with, p. 535.

Manáos, painting of girls among the, p. 176 n. 6.

Manchus, their ideal of beauty, p. 258.

Mandans, female virtue among the, pp. 65 _sq._;
remarriage of widows prohibited for a certain period among the,
p. 129;
marry early, p. 137;
large households of the, p. 324;
polygyny among the, pp. 441 n. 4, 500 n. 2;
their women get old early, p. 486.

Mandingoes, virginity required from the bride among the, p. 123 n. 8;
celibacy scarcely known among the, p. 135;
circumcision of girls among the, p. 206 n. 1;
marriage by purchase among the, pp. 393, 402 n. 1;
morning giftamong the, p. 410 n. 3;
their women not prolific, p. 491 n. 1.

Mangoni country, marriage by purchase in the, p. 393.

Manipuris, their women get old early, p. 486;
divorce among the, p. 531.

Manta (Peru), _jus primae noctis_ in, pp. 72 _sq._

Mantegazza, Prof. P., on the racial standard of beauty, p. 261 n. 2;
on love excited by contrasts, p. 354;
on the compound character of love, p. 356.

Mantras, monogamous, p. 436 n. 12;
divorce among the, pp. 519, 524 n. 5, 533.

Maoris, the husband’s duties among the, p. 16;
privileges of their chiefs, p. 79;
their system of nomenclature, p. 83;
rule of succession, &c., among the, pp. 100 _sq._;
jealousy of the men among the, p. 119;
marry early, p. 139;
struggle for women among the, p. 161;
tattooing among the, pp. 168, 177 n. 14, 178, _ib._ n. 5, 180 _sq._;
curious usage among the, p. 205;
early betrothals among the, p. 214;
disposal of a girl’s hand among the, p. 215 n.;
women’s liberty of choice among the, p. 217;
women more particular in their choice than men among the, p. 253;
unions with European women rare among the, p. 254;
their ideal of beauty, p. 263;
fashion among the, p. 274;
consanguineous marriage among the, pp. 296, 327;
endogamy of the, pp. 327, 348, 367, 481;
their villages, p. 327;
decrease of the, p. 348;
marriage by capture among the, p. 385;
compensation for capture among the, p. 401;
polygyny among the, pp. 440, 441, 444;
excess of men among the, pp. 462, 481;
obligatory continence among the, p. 483 n. 5;
their women get old early, p. 486;
their women not prolific, p. 491 n. 1;
female jealousy among the, p. 499 n. 6;
divorce exceptional among the, p. 522.

Marauás, live in separate families or small hordes, p. 46;
nakedness of women among the, p. 187 n. 5.

Maravi, marriage arranged by the parents among the, p. 224 n. 3.

Marea, punishment for pregnancy out of wedlock and seduction among
the, p. 62;
speedy remarriage of widows prohibited among the, p. 129 n. 2;
class-endogamy among the, p. 371;
marriage by purchase among the, p. 392 n. 3;
marriage portion among the, p. 411;
monogamous as a rule, p. 439;
polygyny among the, p. 450 n.;
prolificness of their women, p. 490 n. 6;
divorce among the, p. 526 n. 7.

Maréan language (Loyalty Islands), terms for father in the, p. 86.

Marianne Group, proof of manhood requisite for marriage in the, p. 18;
punishment for adultery in the, p. 122 n. 3;
class-endogamy in the, p. 371;
polygyny in the, p. 444 n. 4;
divorce in the, pp. 527, 531, 533, n. 4, 534 n. 4.

Máriás, sons betrothed by their parents among the, p. 224 n. 6.

Marquesas Islanders, widows forbidden to remarry among the, p. 127;
celibacy of priests among the, p. 152;
tattooing by instalments among the, p. 178 n. 5;
monogamous, p. 437.
See Nukahivans, Waitahoo.

Marriage, definition of the word, pp. 19, 20, 537;
origin of, ch. 1., p. 537;
antiquity of human, ch. iii., pp. 537 _sq._;
age for, ch. vii., p. 541;
notions of impurity attached to, pp. 151-156, 541;
between kindred, ch. xiv. _sq._, pp. 3, 480-482, 544-546, 548;
between relatives by alliance, pp. 309, 310, 331;
by capture, ch. xvii., pp. 223, 546;
by purchase, ch. xvii., pp. 143-145, 493, 504, 532, 535, 546, 548;
by exchange, p. 390;
on credit, p. 394;
decay of, by purchase, ch. xviii., pp. 546 _sq._;
validity of, pp. 429 _sq_.

—— ceremonies and rites, ch. xix.

—— portion, ch. xviii., pp. 531, 534, 535, 547.

Martineau, Dr. J., on personal beauty, p. 261 n. 3.

Marutse, royal privileges among the, p. 78;
their admiration for blue beads, p. 168;
early betrothals among the, pp. 213 _sq._;
women’s liberty of choice among the, p. 220.

Masai, nakedness of men among the, p. 189;
marriage portion among the, p. 415 n. 2;
polygyny among the, pp. 438, 450 n.;
divorce among the, p. 527 n. 1.

Masarwas, nose-ornament among the, pp. 173 _sq._

Mashukulumbe, nakedness of the, p. 189.

Massachusetts, periodical fluctuation in the number of births in,
p. 32.

Massagetæ, looseness of the marriage tie among the, pp. 52, 55;
polyandry among the, pp. 454, 457, 458, 472 n. 3, 504 n. 3;
excess of men among the, p. 464;
obligatory continence among the, p. 483 n. 2.

Mathew, Rev. J., on instinctive hankering after foreign women,
p. 321 n.

Matongas, their custom of breaking out teeth, pp. 167, 174.

Matriarchal theory, pp. 39-41, 96-113, 538-540.

Matto Grosso. See Cahyapos.

Mauhés, live scattered in families, p. 46.

Maupiti (Society Islands), excess of men in, pp. 462, 466 n. 1;
female infanticide in, p. 466 n. 1.

Mauritius, marriage restriction for Englishmen in, p. 365.

Mayas, their desire for offspring, p. 377;
religious marriage ceremony among the, p. 424;
concubinage among the, p. 443;
Levirate among the, p. 510 n. 3.

Mayer, Dr. J. R. , on acclimatization, pp. 269 _sq._

Maypurs, polyandry among the, pp. 451, 472 n. 3;
excess of men among the, p. 461.

Mbayas, polygyny exceptional among the, p. 441 n. 4;
divorce exceptional among the, p. 521 n. 9.

Means of attraction, ch. ix., p. 541.

Mecca, marriage with a half-sister at, p. 295.

Mech, compensation for capture among the, p. 401;
monogamous, p. 436.

Medians, polygyny among the, pp. 432 _sq._;
polyandry among the, p. 454.

Melanesians, paternal authority among the, p. 41;
terms of address among the, p. 56 n. 5;
female chastity among the, p. 64;
widows killed among the, p. 125;
tattooing of women among the, p. 184;
position of women among the, _ib._;
circumcision among the, p. 202;
exogamy among the, p. 301;
horror of sexual intercourse within the exogamous limits among
the, p. 317;
marriage by purchase among the, p. 399.

Merovingian kings, polygyny of the, p. 434.

Mesopotamia, excess of female births in, p. 467.

Mewar. See Rajputs.

Mexicans, ancient, succession through males among the, p. 98;
virginity required from the bride among the, p. 123;
married early, p. 139;
celibacy among the, pp. 139, 152;
continence required from newly married people among the, p. 151;
chastity of religious women among the, pp. 152 _sq._;
duels for women among the, p. 160;
short hair a symbol of chastity among the, p. 175 n. 6;
paternal authority and filial duties among the, pp. 225 _sq._;
marriage arranged by the parents among the, p. 226;
their ideal of beauty, p. 262;
prohibition of consanguineous marriage among the, p. 298;
marriage portion among the, p. 414;
religious marriage ceremony among the, p. 424;
omens among the, _ib._ n. 1;
concubinage among the, pp. 431, 443;
obligatory continence among the, p. 483 n. 2;
Levirate among the, p. 510 n. 3;
divorce among the, pp. 524, 528.
See Tahus, Tlascala.

Mexico, mongrels in, p. 282;
proportion between the sexes at birth in, p. 477.
See Macatecas, Schawill.

——, Central, wild tribes of, their women marry early, p. 137.
See Chichimecs.

Miao (China), marriage between cousins among the, pp. 296 _sq._

Micmacs, their system of nomenclature, pp. 83 _sq._

Micronesians, system of nomenclature among several, p. 83;
celibacy of the poorer class and slaves among the, p. 144;
women’s liberty of choice among the, p. 218.

Middle Ages, _jus primae noctis_ in Europe during the, pp. 77 _sq._;
class distinction in the, pp. 369 _sq._;
want of international sympathy in the, p. 374;
polygyny in the, p. 434.

Mikris, monogamous, p. 436.

Milanowes (Borneo). See Rejang.

Minahassers (Celebes), women’s liberty of choice among the, p. 219;
incest among the, p. 291 n.;
prohibited degrees among the, p. 302;
endogamy of the, p. 367;
class-endogamy of the, p. 371 n. 4;
formerly monogamous, p. 437;
position of their women, p. 501.

Minas (Slave Coast), shutting up of widows among the, p. 126.

Minnetarees, polygyny among the, p. 500 n. 2.

Minuanes, polygyny exceptional among the, p. 441 n. 4;
divorce exceptional among the, p. 521 n. 9.

Mirikina, seems to live in pairs, p. 12.

Miris, liberty of choice among the, p. 219 n. 9;
polyandry among the, pp. 452, 455, 504 n. 1;
inheriting widows among the, p. 513 n. 1.

Mishmis, rule of inheritance among the, p. 101;
sons betrothed by their parents among the, p. 224 n. 6;
marriage by purchase among the, pp. 392 n. 3, 394;
marriage on credit among the, p. 394 n. 8;
return gift among the, p. 409;
marriage portion among the, p. 410;
inheriting widows among the, p. 513.

——, Chalikata, no marriage ceremony among the, p. 418.

Mitchell, Dr. A., on the effects of close interbreeding and
consanguineous marriage, pp. 337, 345 _sq._

Mitchell’s Group (Ellice Islands), infanticide unknown in the, p. 312.

Miwok (California), nakedness of the, in former days, p. 187;
marriage by exchange of presents among the, p. 409 n. 9;
Levirate among the, p. 510 n. 3.

Mixed marriages, pp. 374-376.

Moa, divorce in, p. 523 n. 9.

Modesty, ch. ix., p. 541.

Modok (California), polygyny among the, pp. 492, 495.

Mohammedans, paternal duties among the, p. 17;
use of veil among women of the, p. 120 n. 9;
jealousy of the men among the, pp. 120 _sq._;
consider marriage a duty, p. 140;
circumcision among the, pp. 201 _sq._;
paternal authority among the, pp. 235 _sq._;
liberty of choice among the, _ib._;
marriage between cousins among the, pp. 296, 534;
relationship by alliance a bar to marriage among the, p. 310;
views on consanguineous marriage among the, p. 351;
religious endogamy among the, p. 374;
marriage by purchase among the, p. 395;
decay of marriage by purchase among the, pp. 404, 408;
marriage portion among the, pp. 408, 413-415, 534 n. 5;
religious marriage ceremony among the, p. 425;
polygyny among the, pp. 432, 445, 446, 448, 496, 498;
monogamous as a rule, p. 439;
divorce among the, pp. 519, 525, 533, 534 n. 5;
seclusion of the sexes among the, p. 534.

Moles, marriage and paternal care among, p. 12.

Monbuttu, circumcision among the, p. 202;
barren wives despised among the, p. 378 n. 4;
excess of female births among the, p. 468.

Moncalon (Australia), kinship through males among the, p. 101.

Mongols, marry early, p. 138;
mongrels among the, p. 283;
marriage portion among the, p. 415 n. 1;
omens among the, p. 423;
concubinage among the, p. 445;
excess of men among the, pp. 463 _sq._;
divorce among the, p. 527 n. 1.

——, Chalcha, their term for mother, p. 86.

Monogamous instinct, pp. 502, 503, 548.

Monogamy, ch. xx.-xxii., pp. 2, 534, 535, 547-549.

Montesquieu, on the prohibition of marriage between cousins, p. 326;
on an excess of female births in the hot regions of the Old World,
p. 469.

Moors, colour of the skin of the, p. 272.

—— of Ceylon, marriage between cousins among the, p. 296.

—— of Morocco, excess of female births among the, p. 468.

—— of the Sahara, female jealousy among the, p. 499 n. 6;
divorce among the, p. 520.

—— in the region of the Senegal, divorce among the, p. 530.

—— of the Western Sahara, monogamous, pp. 436, 501, 535;
authority of their women, pp. 501 _sq._;
divorce among the, p. 535.
See Trarsa.

Moquis, jealousy of the men among the, p. 119;
courtship by women among the, p. 158;
exogamy among the, p. 298;
monogamous, p. 435.

Mordvins, ceremony of capture among the, p. 385 n. 15;
monogamous as a rule, p. 440 n. 2;
divorce exceptional among the, p. 521 n. 9.

Moreton Island, dress of the girls in, p. 196.

Morgan, Mr. L. H. , on the evolution of marriage and the family, p. 3;
on the promiscuity of primitive man, pp. 51, 85;
on systems of relationship, pp. 82, 84, 89, 539;
on ‘marriage in a group,’ pp. 84, 539;
on the ‘consanguine family’ p. 85;
on the ‘Punaluan family,’
_ib._ n. 2;
on the origin of the prohibition of marriage between kindred,
p. 318;
on endogamy and incest among primitive men, p. 353 n. 1;
on polygyny, p. 506.

Mormons, polygyny among the, pp. 434, 448 _sq._;
excess of female births among the, p. 470.

Morning gift, pp. 406-408, 410, 546 _sq._

Morocco, lucky period for marriage in, p. 424 n. 1;
excess of women in, pp. 464, 465 n. 4;
divorce in, p. 520;
divorced women in, p. 533.
See Arabs, Berbs, Moors.

Mortality, of men, pp. 465, 466, 547;
of women, pp. 466, 547;
of children among savages, p. 491.

Moseley, Prof. H. N. , on savage dress, p. 186.

Mosquitoes, a widow’s duties among the, pp. 126 _sq._;
celibacy of priests
among the, p. 152;
ceremony of capture among the, p. 383;
polygyny among the, pp. 441 n. 4, 443 _sq._;
obligatory continence among the, p. 483 n. 5;
Levirate among the, p. 510 n. 3.

Moths, nocturnal, colours of, p. 244.

Moxes, no marriage ceremony among the, p. 417 n. 4;
polygyny exceptional among the, p. 441 n. 4.

Mpongwé, their ideal of female beauty, p. 259;
aversion to consanguineous marriage among the, p. 306.

Mrús, (Chittagong Hills), wives obtained by service among the,
p. 391 n.;
monogamous, pp. 436, 507;
Levirate among the, p. 511 n.;
divorce among the, p. 532 n. 2.

Muásís, consider it a father’s duty to find a bridegroom for his
daughter, p. 136;
courtship by women among the, p. 158 n. 6;
liberty of choice among the, p. 219 n. 9.

Mucúra, Indians at, women ashamed to cover themselves, among the,
p. 195.

Mueller, Prof. F. Max, on the derivation of ‘pitár’ and ‘mâtár,’
p. 88;
on the system of kinship among the primitive Aryans, p. 104.

Mulattoes, fertility of, pp. 283, 284, 287;
excess of female births among, p. 477.

Mundas. See Kols.

Mundrucûs, their tattooing, p. 169;
nakedness of women among the, p. 187 n. 5;
sons betrothed in infancy among the, p. 224 n. 1;
exogamy among the, p. 299;
polygyny among the, pp. 443 _sq._;
female jealousy among the, p. 499 n. 6;
divorce exceptional among the, p. 521 n. 9.

Munich, illegitimate births in, p. 69.

Múuras, combats for women among the, p. 160;
no marriage ceremony among the, p. 417 n. 4.

Murray, natives of the Lower, female dress among the, p. 190;
mongrels among the, p. 285.

_Muscardinus avellanarius._ See Dormouse.

Muscovy, marriage by capture in, p. 387.

Musk-deer, pairing season of the, p. 26 n.;
sexual odour of the, p. 248.

Musk-duck, Australian, sexual odour of the, pp. 248 _sq._

Musk-ox, pairing season of the, p.26 n.

Mussus, religious marriage ceremony among the, p. 423 n. 7.

Mutsa (Indo-China), polygyny among the, p. 488.

_Mycetes caraya_, lives in families, p. 12.

Mygge, Dr. J., on the effects of consanguineous marriage,
pp. 342, 343, 345.

Mykonos (Cyclades), weddings in, p. 418.

N

Nagas, the husband’s duties among the, p. 17;
rule of inheritance among the, p. 101;
prohibition of consanguineous marriage among the, p. 303;
marriage by purchase among the, p. 392 n. 2.

——, Tankhul, ring worn by the men among the, p. 201.

Nagas, of Upper Assam, possession of human heads requisite for
marriage among the, p. 18;
tattooing of the young people among the, p. 177;
men more decently clothed than women among the, p. 199;
wives obtained by service among the, p. 390 n. 7;
monogamous p. 436.

Nagel, E., on the excess of male births among Jews, p. 481 n. 4.

Naiabui (New Guinea), marriage by purchase in, p. 402 n. 1;
excess of women in, p. 462;
polygyny in, p. 494.

Naickers, omens among the, p. 424 n. 1.
See Reddies.

Nairs, the husband’s duties among the, p. 17;
group marriage among the, pp. 53, 57;
polyandry among the, pp. 116, 117, 452, 453, 455, 474;
prohibition of marriage among the, p. 325;
large households of the, _ib._

Nakedness, ch. ix.

Namaquas, denomination of children among the, p. 103.
See Hottentots.

Names, pp. 107-112, 330, 331, 540, 545.

Nanusa, prohibition of marriage in, p. 325;
large households in, _ib._

Narrinyeri, kinship through males, among the, p. 101;
dress of young women among the, p. 197;
the women’s consent to marriage desirable among the, p. 217;
mongrels among the, p. 287;
love among the, p. 359;
marriage ceremony among the, pp. 420 _sq._;
polygyny among the, pp. 444, 498;
female jealousy among the, p. 498.

Nasamonians, _jus primae noctis_ among the, p. 72.

Natchez, divorce among the, p. 527 n. 1.

Naudowessies, their ideas of generation, pp. 105 _sq._;
sexual modesty of the, p. 152 n. 3;
their custom of painting the face, p. 168;
wives obtained by service among the, p. 390 n. 5;
polygyny among the, p. 500 n. 2;
divorce rare among the, p. 521.
See Dacotahs.

Navajos, endogamy of the, p. 365;
marriage by purchase among the, pp. 392 _sq._;
no marriage ceremony among the, p. 417 n. 4;
divorce among the, p. 527.

Neapolis (Palestine), Council of punishment for adultery decreed
by the, p. 122.

Negro slaves in America, infertility of, p. 115.

Negroes, alleged community of women among certain, pp. 55, 59;
lending wives among the, p. 75;
kinship through females among the, p. 108;
prostitution of wives among the, p. 131;
their ideal of beauty, pp. 262, 282;
change of colour of, p. 270;
colour of children among, p. 273 n. 2;
their desire for offspring, p. 377;
bargain about women among certain, p. 402;
no marriage portion among the, p. 414 n. 5;
polygyny among the, pp. 446, 448;
obligatory continence among the, p. 483 nn. 1 _sq._;
love among, p. 503;
marriage upon trial among many, p. 520;
divorce among the, pp. 523, 524, 534 n. 4.

——-, Inland, ceremony of capture among certain, p. 384.

_Neotragus Hemprichii_, marriage and paternal care of the, p. 12.

Nepaul, inhabitants of, their punishment for adultery, p. 122 n. 4.

Nestorians of Syria, p. 364.

Netherlands, number of people who die single in the, p. 146.
See Belgium, Holland.

Neuroptera, colours of certain, p. 247.

New Britain, the husband’s duties in, p. 16;
celibacy due to poverty in, p. 144;
blackening the teeth in, p. 174;
nakedness of men in, p. 188 n. 9;
early betrothals in, p. 214 n. 8;
women’s liberty of choice in, p. 218;
prohibited degrees in, pp. 295 n. 9;
exogamy in, p. 301;
endogamy in, p. 367;
wives obtained by service in, p. 391 n. 1;
marriage by purchase in, p. 399 n. 7;
Levirate in, p. 510 n. 3.

New Caledonians, terms for relationships among the, p. 87;
kinship through males among the, p. 100;
jealously of the men among the, p. 119;
their punishment for adultery, p. 121 n. 4;
covering used by the, p. 191;
nakedness of girls among the, p. 197 n. 4;
early betrothals among the, p. 214 n. 8;
women’s power of choice among the, p. 218;
love among the, p. 358;
marriage by purchase among the, p. 399 n. 7;
polyandry among the, p. 451;
Levirate among the, p. 510 n. 3.
See Duauru language.

New Guinea, female chastity in, p. 64;
kinship through males in, p. 100;
punishment for adultery in, pp. 121 _sq._;
virginity required from the bride in, p. 123;
continence required from newly married people in, p. 151;
filing the teeth in, p. 167;
tattooing in, pp. 172, 179;
wives deprived of their ornaments in, p. 176 n.;
nakedness of men in parts of, and on neighbouring islands,
p. 188, _ib._ n. 9;
covering of men in, p. 191 n. 4;
early betrothals in, p. 214;
infanticide unknown in parts of, p. 312;
endogamy in, p. 367;
marriage by capture in, p. 385;
marriage on credit in, p. 394 n. 8;
marriage by purchase in, p. 399 n. 7;
compensation for capture in, p. 401;
polygyny in, pp. 441 n. 3, 492;
Levirate in, p. 510 n. 3;
rule of inheritance in, p. 512 n. 3;
juridical fatherhood in, p. 514;
separation not allowed in parts of, p. 517;
divorce in, pp. 522, 527, 533 n. 1.
See Dorey, Finschhafen, Humboldt Bay, Naiabui, Nufoor Papuans,
Orangerie Bay, Outanatas, Papuans, Port Moresby, Tassai, Wukas.

New Hanover, men more ornamented than women in, pp. 183 _sq._;
position of women in, p. 184;
polygyny exceptional in, p. 441 n. 3;
authority of women in, p. 501.

New Hebrides, strangulation of wives whose husbands are long
absent from home in the, p. 126;
men more ornamented than women in the, p. 183;
covering of men in the, p. 191 n. 3;
horror of incest in the, p. 321;
marriage by purchase in the, p. 399 n. 7;
polygyny in the, pp. 438, 494;
Levirate in the, p. 511 n. 3.
See Aneiteum, Efatese, Mallicollo, Tana.

New Ireland, men more ornamented than women in, p. 183;
nakedness of women in, p. 193 n. 4;
polygyny exceptional in, p. 441 n. 3.

New Norcia, mongrels at, p. 285.

New South Wales, aborigines of, seclusion of the sexes among the,
p. 64;
_jus primae noctis_ among the, p. 75;
a girl disposed of by her maternal uncle among certain, p. 106;
jealousy of the men among the, p. 130;
lending wives among the, _ib._;
marry early, p. 139.

New Spain, excess of male births in some communities of, p. 466.

New Zealanders. See Maoris.

Newhaven, consanguineous marriage avoided in, pp. 344 _sq._

Nez Percés, chastity of women among the, p. 66;
validity of marriage among the, p. 430;
excess of women among the, p. 461.
See Walla Wallas.

Niam-Niam, conjugal affection among the, p. 358;
do not buy their wives, p 398.

Niasians, punishment for pregnancy out of wedlock and seduction
among the, p. 63;
jealousy of the men among the, p. 120 n. 2;
exogamy among the, p. 302;
separation formerly not allowed among the, p. 517 n. 5.

Nicaragua, surnames of children in, p. 107;
proportion between the sexes at birth in, p. 477.

Nicaraguans, ancient, _jus primae noctis_ among the, p. 76;
succession through males among the, p. 98;
virginity required from the bride among the, p. 123;
their custom of flattening the children’s heads, p. 170;
marriage arranged by the parents among the, p. 226;
women’s liberty of choice in some of their towns, _ib._;
religious marriage ceremony among the, pp. 424 _sq._;
civil marriage among the, p. 429;
bigamy punished among the, p. 443;
monogamous, pp. 500 _sq._;
authority of their women, _ib._;
myths of the, p. 508 n. 1;
divorce among the p. 524.

Nicobarese, blacken the teeth, p. 174;
monogamous, p. 436.

Nile countries, preservation of the chastity of wives in the, p. 120.

Nishinam (California), horror of incest among the, p. 292;
myths of the, p. 508 n. 1.

Nitendi. See Santa Cruz Island.

Niutabutabu (Tonga Islands), semi-castration of boys in, p. 205.

‘Niyoga’ of the Hindus, p. 514 n.

Nogai, local exogamy among the, p. 323.

Noirot, on the causes which determine the sex of the offspring,
p. 469.

North America, mixture of race in, p. 282;
excess of females among half-breed children in, pp. 476 _sq._

North American Indians, husband’s duties among the, p. 15;
chastity of women among certain, p. 66;
temporary exchange of wives among the, p. 75;
terms of address among the, p. 92;
kinship through males among the, pp. 98, 104 n. 6;
the husband goes to live with the wife’s family among several
tribes of the, p. 109;
their punishment for adultery, p. 122 n. 4;
a widow’s duties among certain, p. 130;
men brought up like women among the, p. 134 n. 2;
women’s opinions about celibacy among the, p. 135;
most of the north-western tribes of the, marry early, p. 137;
enlargement of the ear-lobes among certain, p. 166;
lip-ornaments among certain, pp. 166, 173;
men more ornamented than women among certain, p. 182;
want of modesty among certain, p. 187;
women’s liberty of choice among the, p. 215;
marriage arranged by the parents among certain, p. 224 n. 3;
female appreciation of manly strength and courage among the, p. 255;
their ideal of beauty, p. 263;
large households of the, p. 324;
love among the, pp. 357, 358, 359, 503;
barren wives despised among the, p. 378 n. 4;
no marriage portion among the, p. 414 n. 5;
polygyny among the, pp. 435, 448, 449, 482, 500, 507;
excess of women among the, pp. 460, 461, 465, 482;
do not use milk, p. 484 n. 5;
their desire for numerous offspring, p. 489;
their women not prolific, pp. 490 _sq._;
female jealousy among the, pp. 496 _sq._;
divorce among the, pp. 518, 530, 533 n. 4.

Northern Indians, seclusion of the sexes among the, p. 65;
wrestling for women among the, pp. 159 _sq._;
hair-dress of men among the, p. 167;
obligatory continence among the, p. 483;
their women not prolific, p. 490 n. 8;
jealousy among the, pp. 496 _sq._;
polygyny among the, p. 500 n. 2.
See Chippewyans.

Norway, consanguineous marriages in, p. 343;
traces of marriage by purchase in, p. 396;
civil marriage in, p. 428;
births in, p. 469;
divorce in, p. 526.

Norwegians, seldom marry Lapps, p. 365.

Nott, Dr. J. C. , on the intermixture of races, p. 283.

Nufi people, their weddings, p. 418.

Nufoor Papuans (New Guinea), marriage arranged by the parents
among the, p. 224 n. 2;
Levirate among the, p. 511 n. 3.

Nukahivans (Marquesas Islands), _jus primae noctis_ among the, p.73;
polyandry among the, pp. 116, 451, 457, 472 n. 3;
jealousy of the men among the, p. 119;
prostitution of wives among the, p. 131;
tattooing of the young people among the, p. 177 n. 12;
nakedness of men among the, p. 188 n. 9;
curious usage among the, p. 205 n. 3;
their ideas of modesty, pp. 208, 211;
early betrothals among the, p. 214 n. 8;
incest among the, p. 291;
nobility among the, p. 369 n. 4;
their desire for offspring, p. 377 n. 6;
marriage by purchase among the, p. 399;
marriage by exchange of presents among the, p. 409 n. 9;
illegitimacy unknown among the, p. 429;
polygyny exceptional among the, p. 441 n. 3;
excess of men among the, p. 462;
divorce among the, p. 533 n. 1.

Nutkas, nakedness of men among the, p. 187 n. 4;
women’s liberty of choice among the, p. 215;
polygyny exceptional among the, p. 441 n. 4;
excess of men among the, p. 460;
divorce among the, p. 531 n. 4.
See Ahts.

Nyassa, tribes near, licentious festival among some, p. 30.

_Nyctipithecus trivirgatus._ See Mirikina.

O

Odours, of flowers, p. 246;
sexual, of animals, ch. xi., p. 542.

Offspring, man’s desire for, pp. 376-381, 488-491, 530, 548.

Olo Ot (Borneo), alleged absence of marriage among the,
pp. 54, 55, 58;
marriage among the, p. 58.

Omahas, hair-dress of the, pp. 170, _sq._

Oonalashka. See Aleuts.

Orang-Banûwa (Malacca), prohibited degrees among the, p. 302;
marriage ceremony among the, p. 420.

Orangerie Bay (New Guinea), tattooing of women at, p. 183;
men more ornamented than women at, _ib._;
painting of men at, _ib._

Orang-Sakai (Malacca), alleged absence of marriage among the,
pp. 54 _sq._;
lending wives among the, p. 74 n. 1;
marriage ceremony among the, p. 420.

Orang-utans, marriage and paternal care among, p. 13;
their long period of infancy, p. 21 n. 5;
the cause of their defective family life, p. 22;
their pairing season, p. 27;
duration of their marriage, p. 535.

Oráons, unrestrained sexual intercourse, but no promiscuity among
the, p. 71;
desire for self-decoration among the young, p. 173;
decorations among the, p. 198 n. 1;
liberty of choice among the, p. 219 n. 9;
marriage ostensibly arranged by the parents among the, p. 224 n. 7;
marriage by capture among the, p. 385 n. 12.

Oregon, Indians of, speedy remarriage of widowers and widows
prohibited among the, p. 129 n. 6;
courtship by women among certain, p. 159;
prohibited degrees among the, p. 297;
marriage by purchase among the, p. 392;
return gift among the, p. 409;
bigamy among the, p. 450;
polygyny among the, pp. 450, 500 n. 3.
See Nez Percés.

——, Indians of the interior of, woman’s liberty of choice among
the, p. 215 n. 6.

——, Indians, of North-Western, polygyny among the, pp. 443 n. 5, 449;
their women not prolific, p. 491 n.;
love among the, p. 503;
Levirate among the, pp. 510 n. 3, 511 n. 2.

Origen, on celibacy, p. 154.

Orinoco, Indians on the, ashamed to cover themselves, p. 195;
circumcision among the, p. 202;
polygyny among the, p. 496 n. 1.

Orkney, period for marriage in, p. 424 n. 1.

Ornaments, savage predilection for, ch. ix., p. 541.

‘Ornaments,’ animal, ch. xi.

Orongo-antelope, pairing season of the, p. 26 n.

Orthoptera, colours of the, p. 245;
sexual sounds of certain, pp. 246 _sq._

Ossetes, influence of surnames among the, p. 111;
women’s liberty of choice among the, p. 220;
prohibited degrees among the, p. 296;
exogamy among the, p. 306;
clannish feeling among the, pp. 330 _sq._;
monogamous as a rule, p. 440 n. 2;
polyandry among the, p. 454;
Levirate among the, pp. 511 n., 513 n. 8;
divorce among the, pp. 521 n. 9, 532 n. 3.

Ostriches, paternal care among, p. 11 n. 1.

Ostyaks, celibacy due to poverty among the, p. 144 n. 3;
marriage with a half-sister among the, p. 294;
exogamy among the, p. 306;
marriage by capture among the, p. 386 n. 4;
marriage by purchase among the, pp. 393, 394, 402 n. 1;
monogamous as a rule, p. 440 n. 2;
polyandry among the, p. 454;
their women not prolific, p. 491 n. 1;
Levirate among the, p. 511 n.

Oude. See Teehurs.

Oudeypour, Hindus of, festival of Holi among the, p. 33.

Outanatas (New Guinea), fashions among the, p. 274;
no marriage ceremony among the, p. 417.

Ovambo, their ideal of beauty, p. 263;
their women get old early, p. 487.

P

Pacific Islanders, alleged absence of marriage among the, p. 53;
marriage among the, p. 55;
lending wives among some, p. 74 n. 1;
systems of kinship among the, pp. 99-101;
jealousy of the men among the, p. 119;
tattooing among the, pp. 172, 177;
covering used by the, p. 190;
female dress among certain, p. 197;
curious usage among some, p. 205;
their ideal of beauty, p. 263;
fashions among the, p. 275;
mongrels among the, p. 283;
infanticide among the, pp. 312 _sq._;
polygyny exceptional among the, p. 441;
their women get old early, p. 486.

Pádams, endogamy of the, p. 366;
do not buy their wives, p. 397;
monogamous, pp. 436, 501;
position of their women, p. 501;
social equality among the, p. 506.
See Abors.

Padang (Sumatra), Malays of, exogamy among the, p. 302.

Pahárias, property hereditary in the male line among the, p. 101;
love among the, p. 503;
Levirate among the, p. 511 n.

Painting the body, ch. ix., pp. 264, 541.

Pairing season, ch. ii., p. 537.

Paiuches (Northern Colorado), nakedness of the, p. 187.

Palestine, excess of female births in, pp. 467 _sq._

Pampas, nakedness of men among the, p. 187 n. 4;
polygyny exceptional among the, p. 441 n. 4;
divorce exceptional among the, p. 521 n. 9.

Panama, ancient, widows killed in, p. 125.

Panches (Bogota), local exogamy among the, p. 321.

Panjab, excess of men in the, p. 463.

Papuans, lending wives among the, p. 74 n. 1;
speedy remarriage of widows prohibited among certain, p. 129 n. 2;
nose-ornaments among the, p. 166;
coquetry of the young people among the, p. 201 n. 5.

Paraguay, Indians of, women more passionate than men among the,
p. 158;
women allowed to make proposals among the, _ib._;
nakedness of certain, p. 187;
endogamy of the, p. 363.

Paravilhana, polygyny permitted only to chiefs among the,
p. 437 n. 10.

Parental care, ch. i., p. 537.

Parkheyas, marriage ceremony among the, p. 420.

Passau (Peru), alleged community of women in, pp. 52, 59 n. 7.

Passés, combats for women among the, p. 160;
polygyny exceptional among the, p. 441 n. 4.

Patachos, covering used by the, pp. 189 _sq._

Patagonians, unchastity of their women due to foreign influence,
p. 67;
their punishment for adultery, p. 122 n. 3;
remarriage of widows prohibited for a certain period among the,
p. 129;
celibacy of wizards among the, p. 152;
painting of the, p. 181 n. 4;
early betrothals among the, p. 213;
women’s power of choice among the, p. 216 nn. 5, 9;
marriage by purchase among the, p. 393;
barter formerly unknown among the, p. 400;
return gift among the, p. 409;
no marriage ceremony among the, p. 417 n. 4;
religious ceremony among the, p. 422;
polygyny among the, pp. 441 n. 4, 493;
their women get old early, p. 486;
divorce exceptional among the, p. 522.

Paternal authority, ch. x., pp. 41, 542.

Paternal care and duties, ch. i., p. 537.

Paternal feeling, p. 536.

Patuah, polygyny among the, pp. 488 _sq._

Patwin (California), husband’s duties among the, p. 15;
duels for women among the, p. 160;
nakedness of men among the, p. 187 n. 4;
marriage on credit among the, p. 394 n. 8.

Payaguas, painting of girls among the, p. 176 n. 6;
nakedness of men among the, p. 187 n. 4;
divorce among the, pp. 521 n. 9, 533 n. 4.

Peafowl, courtship by females among, p. 158 n. 2.

Pegulloburras (Australia), female dress on festive occasions among
the, p. 198.

Pelew Islanders, jealousy of the men among the, p. 119;
their perforation of the septum of the nose, p. 170;
blackening the teeth among the, p. 174;
their ideas of modesty, pp. 188 n. 8, 211;
exogamy among the, p. 301;
polygyny among the, pp. 332, 441 n. 3, 444 n. 4;
marriage by purchase among the, pp. 398 _sq._;
marriage portion among the, p. 410;
obligatory continence among the, p. 483 n. 2;
female jealousy among the, p. 499 n. 6;
divorce among the, pp. 518, 527 n. 1.

Peling, mountaineers of, alleged absence of marriage among the,
pp. 54 _sq._

Pelli (Carolines), nakedness of men in, p. 188 n. 9.

Pennsylvania, Indians of, consider proof of manhood requisite for
marriage, p. 18.

Penrhyn Islanders, their want of modesty, p. 188.

Perak, Malays of, marriage by purchase among the, p. 402 n. 1;
divorce among the, pp. 527 n. 1, 531 n. 4.
See Bugis.

Périer, J. A.  N., on racial instincts, p. 281 n. 5;
on the effects of consanguineous marriage, p. 340.

Périgord, cave dwellers of, p. 400.

Persians, ancient, regarded marriage as a matter of course, p. 142;
celibacy of priestesses of the Sun among the, p. 153;
women’s liberty of choice among the, p. 232;
early betrothals among the, _ib._;
incest among the, pp. 291, 293, 294, 339;
their desire for offspring, p. 377 n. 10;
religious marriage ceremony among the, p. 425;
polygyny among the, pp. 433, 447, 448 n. 2;
monogamous as a rule, p. 442;
divorce among the, p. 520.

——, modern royal privileges among the, p. 79;
jealousy of the men among the, p. 121;
virginity required from the bride among the, p. 124;
celibacy unknown among the, p. 140;
their women marry early, _ib._;
nose-ring worn by women among the, p. 186;
consanguineous marriages among the, p. 349;
mortality of children among the, pp. 349 _sq._;
love among the, p. 361;
their desire for offspring, p. 377;
religious marriage ceremony among the, p. 425 n. 6;
monogamous as a rule, p. 439;
polygyny among the, pp. 449 n. 5, 498;
“Sighe” wives among the, p. 519;
divorce among the, p. 530 n. 7.

Perth, mongrels at, p. 285.

Peru, endogamous communities in, p. 344.

——, Indians of, jealousy of the men among the, p. 119;
circumcision of girls among the, p. 206 n. 1;
incest among the, p. 290 n. 3;
prohibited degrees among the, p. 299.

Peruvians, ancient, widows killed among the, p. 125;
remarriage of widows discouraged among the, p. 127;
marriage compulsory among the, p. 139;
age for marriage among the, _ib._;
celibacy of virgins dedicated to the Sun among the, p. 152;
boring the ears among the, p. 204;
paternal authority among the, p. 226;
parental consent necessary for marriage among the, _ib._;
incest among the, p. 294;
endogamy of the, p. 366;
wives obtained by service among the, p. 394;
civil marriage among the, pp. 428 _sq._;
concubinage among the, pp. 431, 437, 438, 443.
See Manta, Passau.

Peschel, Dr. O., on savage observation of the injurious results of
consanguineous marriage, p. 318;
on barter among early men, p. 400.

Philippine Islanders, chastity held in honour by some, p. 63;
tattooing of the young people among the, p. 177;
degeneration of the, p. 348;
race-endogamy of the, p. 364;
polygyny among the, p. 444 n. 7.
See Aëtas, Bagobos, Bisayans, Catalanganes, Goddanes, Igorrotes,
Italones, Tagalas, Tinguianes.

Phoenicians. See Tyre.

Picts, polyandry among the, p. 454.

Pig, domestic, pairs twice a year, p. 38.

Pigeons, in-and-in breeding of, p. 336.

Pimpernel, varieties of the, pp. 288 _sq._

Pipa, or Toad of Surinam, parental care of the, p. 10.

Pipiles (San Salvador), prohibited degrees among the, p. 298.

Pitcairn Islanders, endogamy of the, pp. 343 _sq._;
prohibited degrees among the, p. 344.

Plants, male and female reproductive cells of, p. 157;
colours in, pp. 242 _sq._;
odours in, p. 246;
hybridism among, pp. 278 _sq._;
infertility from changed conditions among, p. 286;
dimorphic and trimorphic, p. 289;
cross- and self-fertilization among, pp. 335, 337-339, 345, 545;
excess of male flowers in self-fertilized, p. 476.

Platter, on the causes which determine the sex of the offspring,
p. 470.

Ploss, Dr. H. H. , on the causes which determine the sex of the
offspring, pp. 471 _sq._

Poggi Islanders, alleged absence of marriage among the, pp. 54 _sq._

Poland, proportion between the sexes at birth in, p. 469.

Poles, marriage arranged by the father among the, p. 234;
symbol of capture among the, p. 387;
marriage portion among the, p. 413.

Polyandry, ch. xx.-xxii., 3, 115-117, 547-549.

Polygyny, ch. xx.-xxii., pp. 3, 108, 144, 145, 332, 534, 535, 545,
547-549.

Polynesians, temporary exchange of wives among the, p. 75;
system of nomenclature among several, p. 83;
widows killed among the, p. 125;
courtship by women among the, p. 159;
tattooing of men among the, p. 184;
position of women among the, _ib._;
circumcision among the, p. 202;
ideas of modesty among the, p. 208;
infertility of women among, at missionary stations, p. 286;
incest among the, p. 293;
prohibition of consanguineous marriage among the, p. 300;
infanticide among the, pp. 313 _sq._;
nobility among the, p. 369;
class-endogamy of the, p. 371.

Pomeranians, marriage by purchase among the, p. 397 n. 6.

Pomo (California), civil marriage among the, p. 429.

Ponapé (Carolines), immodesty of women due to foreign influence
in, p. 67;
tattooing in, pp. 179, 201 n. 4;
semi-castration of boys in, p. 205;
curious usage in, p. 206;
love in, p. 357;
marriage by purchase does not exist in, p. 398;
polygyny in, p. 444 n. 4;
divorce in, p. 532.

Pondicherry, religious prostitution in, p. 72.

Porcupine, sexual sounds of the, p. 247.

Port Essington (Australia), natives of, covering used by the, p. 190.

Port des Français (Alaska), natives of, ideas of modesty among the,
pp. 207 _sq._

Port Jackson (New South Wales), natives of, scattered in families
in search of food, pp. 47 _sq._;
nakedness of women among the, p. 192;
dress of girls among the, p. 196.

Port Lincoln (Australia), natives of, alleged group-marriage among
the, pp. 54, 56, 57;
terms of address among the, _ib._;
the ‘terrible rite’ among the, p. 205.

Port Moresby (New Guinea), natives of, marry early, p. 139;
proportion between the sexes among the, pp. 462 _sq._

Portugal, civil marriage in, p. 428;
judicial separation in, pp. 526, 529.

Posen, excess of male births among the Jews of, p. 481 n. 4.

Post, Dr. A. H. , on the development of marriage, pp. 2 _sq._;
on the promiscuity of primitive man, pp. 51, 61, 73 n. 5, 78 n. 3.

Pouchet, Dr. G., on the intermixture of races, pp. 283 _sq._;
on the effects of close interbreeding, p. 337.

Preyer, Prof. W., on the origin of names for father and mother,
pp. 86 _sq._;
on some effects of close interbreeding, pp. 336 _sq._

Prichard, Dr. J. C. , on the intermixture of races, p. 284.

Primates, marriage of the, pp. 21, 537;
monogamous instinct among the, p. 535.

Prolificness of women, less among savage than among civilized
nations, pp. 490 _sq._

Promiscuity, tales of, pp. 8 _sq._;
hypothesis of, ch. iv.-vi., pp. 2, 3, 538-540.

Prosimii of Madagascar, marriage and paternal care among some
species of the, p. 12.

Prostitution, pp. 67-71, 131, 539;
religious, pp. 72, 539.

Protestants, religious endogamy of, pp. 375 _sq._;
sacerdotal nuptials among, p. 428;
divorce among, p. 526.

Prussia, marriage between uncle and niece in, p. 296;
symbol of capture in, p. 387;
marriage portion in, p. 416;
excess of male births among the Jews of, p. 481 n. 4;
divorce in, p. 526.
See Ermland, Posen.

Pshaves, position of the maternal uncle among the, p. 40.

Pueblos, women’s liberty of choice among the, p. 216;
endogamy of the, pp. 347, 365;
degeneration of the, p. 347;
their governors annually elected, p. 506.

Puncahs, excess of women among the, p. 461.

Punjas, licentious festival among the, p. 29.

Puris, do not buy their wives (?), p. 398.

—— at St. Fidelis, nakedness of the, p. 187.

Purupurús, nakedness of the, p. 187;
monogamous, p. 435 n. 11.

Q

Quadrumana, marriage and paternal care among the, pp. 12-14.

Quatrefages, Prof. A. de, on the fertility of mulattoes, p. 284.

Queen Charlotte Islanders. See Haidahs.

Queensland, natives of, want of paternal care among the, p. 16;
old men obtain the youngest wives among the, pp. 132 _sq._;
sexual modesty of the, p. 152 n. 3;
combats for women among certain, p. 161;
combats of women for men among certain, p. 164.

——, Mackay blacks of, their term for daughter, p. 93.

——, aborigines of Northern, an adulterer regarded as a thief among
the, p. 130 n. 3;
female appreciation of manly beauty among the, p. 257;
divorce among the, p. 518.

Quetelet, A., on differences in stature, p. 265.

Quiché, marriage by exchange of presents among the, p. 409 n. 9.

Quissama (Angola), monogamous, p. 435;
excess of men among the, p. 464.

Quito, Indians of, consider want of chastity a merit in the bride,
p. 81;
wives obtained by service among the, p. 390 n. 5.

R

Rabbits, in-and-in breeding of, p. 336.

Race, mixture of, produces an excess of female births, pp. 476-480.

Races, human, origin of the, pp. 271-276, 543;
intermixture of, pp. 281, 289, 543.

Radack, paternal care in, p. 16;
sexual modesty in, p. 152 n. 3;
ideas of modesty in, p. 211;
women’s liberty of choice in, p. 218.

Rajputs, exogamy among the, p. 303.

—— of Mewar, season of love among the, p. 33.

Ranke, Prof. J., on differences in stature, p. 265 n. 5;
on dwarfs and giants, p. 266 n. 2.

Rat, brown, in-and-in breeding of the, pp. 336, 345.

Rattlesnake, sexual sounds of the, p. 247.

Reclus, E., on acclimatization, p. 271 n. 4.

Reddies, inheritance through males among the, p. 112;
prohibited degrees among the, pp. 296, 304, 329;
terms for relationships among the, p. 329;
polyandry among the, pp. 453 _sq._;
female jealousy among the, p. 499 n. 6.
See Naickers.

Reindeer, marriage and paternal care among, p. 12;
their pairing season in Norway, p. 26 n.;
their breeding season, p. 35.

Rejang tribe of the Milanowes in Borneo, monogamous, p. 437 n. 1.