Chapter XLVI: Conclusion (3)

TRUMBULL, LYMAN, birth (1813) and ancestry, 1-3;
education, 3;
school-teaching in Georgia, 4, 5;
reads law there, 5;
goes to Illinois (1837), and settles at Belleville, 5, 6;
practices law, 7 _ff._;
describes murder of Lovejoy, 8-10;
his early attitude toward slavery, 10;
in State legislature, 10;
his qualities as a debater, 10;
appointed Secretary of State, 11;
his resignation requested by Gov. Carlin, and why? 12 and _n._,
13;
his resignation splits the Democratic party, 13, 14;
resumes practice, 14;
marries Julia M. Jayne, 15;
describes river floods, and murder of Joseph Smith, 16;
family affairs, 16, 17, 19, 20;
candidate for Democratic nomination for governor, 18;
defeated by Ford's influence, 18;
nominated for Congress, and defeated (1846), 18, 19;
his professional earnings, 20;
elected Judge of Ill. Supreme Court (1848), 20;
removed to Alton, 21;
reelected judge (1852), but resigns (1853), 21;
Chief Justice Magruder on his judicial opinions, 21, 22.
Engaged as counsel for negroes, claiming their freedom, 28;
case of Sarah Borders, 28, 29;
in Jarrot _v._ Jarrot, wins a victory which practically puts an
end to slavery in Ill., 29;
N. D. Harris quoted on his efforts, 30, 31;
his return to politics due to repeal of Missouri Compromise, 32;
takes stump in opposition to Kansas-Nebraska bill, 37, 38;
Anti-Nebraska candidate for Congress in 8th district, 38,
and elected, 38;
in Senatorial election of 1854, receives votes of Anti-Nebraska
Democrats on early ballots, 43, 44;
elected by votes of Lincoln men, to defeat Gov. Matteson, 44, 45,
46 _n._;
regarded as a traitor by regular Democrats, 45;
Lincoln's attitude toward his election, 45, 46.
Takes his seat in Senate, 48;
protest against his election overruled, 48, 49;
letter from J. C. Underwood to, on Kansas affairs, 52, 53;
and from I. T. Dement, 53;
his speech on report of Committee on Territories endorsing
Pres. Pierce's view of Kansas affairs, 56 _ff._;
exposes Douglas's sophisms, 57, 58;
a welcome reinforcement to Republicans in Senate, 567;
Douglas declares him not a Democrat, 59;
his answer to Douglas's tirade against him, 60, 61;
Douglas's reply, 61, 62;
his construction of "forever" in the Missouri Compromise, 62, 63;
further debate with Douglas on Kansas, 63, 64;
effect of these debates on his reputation, 65;
his intellect and personality compared with Lincoln's, 65;
divers views of his first appearance in debate, quoted, 66, 67;
letter from G. B. Raum to, 67;
campaigns in Minnesota, 68;
attends Republican National Convention of 1856, 69;
colloquy with Mason, on destruction of the Union, 70;
letter of, to J. B. Turner, on conditions in 1857, 71;
divers reports to, on effect of Douglas's Anti-Lecompton stand,
74, 75;
demolishes Buchanan's message on Kansas affairs, 76, 77;
letters to, on possible alliance of Douglas with Republicans, 79,
80;
Democratic overtures to, 80, 81;
speaks on Buchanan's claim that slavery lawfully exists in Kansas,
81, 82;
letters to, from Lincoln and others, voicing Republican distrust
of Douglas in Ill., 87, 88,
and, generally, on the campaign of 1858, 90-92;
his cordial relations with Lincoln, 93;
takes part in debate on resolution for committee of inquiry into
John Brown's raid, 98-100;
his notable speech, 98, 99,
and Lincoln's praise thereof, 100;
letter from Lincoln on Delahay matter, 100, 101.

His view of candidates for Republican nomination in 1860, 103;
writes to Lincoln thereon, 103, 104;
thinks Seward cannot be elected, 104,
and believes McLean alone can beat him, 104;
Lincoln his first choice, 104;
Lincoln, in reply, avows his own ambition, and discusses other
candidates, 104, 105;
divers letters to, on Lincoln's nomination, 106-107;
post-nomination letters of Lincoln to, 108;
speaks for Lincoln at ratification meeting, 109, 110;
confidential letters of Lincoln to, against compromise, 111, 112,
and on Buchanan's reputed purpose to surrender So. Carolina
forts, 112;
his own views on compromise set forth in letter to E. C. Larned,
113, 114;
his speech on Crittenden Compromise (March 2, 1861), 115, 116, and
_n._, 123-138;
urged by constituents to stand firm, 117-119;
writes Gov. Yates, advising military preparations, 120;
declines to listen to "Compromisers" from N. Y., 122;
his troubles with office-seekers, 139;
in N. Y. meets remonstrants against Seward's inclusion in Cabinet,
and reports to Lincoln, 139, 140;
Lincoln's reply, 141;
Greeley's advice to, 141;
advises Lincoln not to appoint Cameron, 145, 146, 147;
is urged to use his influence to that end, 147, 148;
favors Judd for seat in Cabinet, 148, 149, 150;
reelected senator (Jan. 1861), 152;
announces death of Douglas, 152;
his eulogy of Douglas, 153, 154;
the Harvey dispatch to Gov. Pickens, commented on in letter to
Mrs. T., 155,156.

Witnesses first battle of Bull Run, and describes it in letter to
Mrs. T., 165-167;
his reconstructed telegram, 168;
his first Confiscation Act passed by Congress, 168;
his physical aspect, etc., in 1861, 168;
his family, 169;
letter of M. C. Lea to, on financial affairs, 170,
and his reply, 171;
brings in his second Confiscation Act, 173;
his report thereon, 173;
history of the bill in Congress, 173-176;
speaks on War Dep't. frauds, 184;
leads opposition to confirmation of Cameron's nomination as
minister to Russia, 187;
votes against confirmation, 189;
introduces resolution of inquiry concerning arbitrary arrests in
loyal states, 191, 192;
his colloquy with Dixon of Conn., 192, 193;
his resolution shelved, 194;
reports from Judiciary Committee House bill on same subject, 197;
offers substitute for that bill, which is opposed by Democrats,
but finally passed, 198, 199;
offers substitute for Stevens's bill to indemnify Pres. for
arbitrary arrests, 199;
reports from conference his substitute combined with his
habeas corpus bill, 200;
his report concurred in, after Democratic filibuster, 201, 202;
his speech at meeting of protest against the order forbidding the
publication of Chicago _Times_, 207, 208, 209;
letter of Judge White to, regarding certain dispatches of Seward
to Adams, 210, 211,
and his reply, 211, 212;
one of committee to urge Lincoln to get rid of Seward, 211;
divers letters to, relating to the war, 212, 213, 215, 216, 217;
and Delahay's appointment to a judgeship, 213-214;
letters of J. M. Palmer to, concerning the election of 1864, 214,
216;
first evidence of personal difference between Lincoln and, 217,
218;
deems the government inefficient in putting down the rebellion,
218;
falsely accused of refusing to speak in favor of Lincoln's
reelection, 220.

Reports to the Senate as a substitute for Henderson's proposed
Constitutional Amendment what later became the 13th Amendment,
224;
his speech thereon, 225-226;
his authorship thereof, his title to immortality, 230;
and the new Senators from La., 233;
reports resolution recognizing Hahn government of La., 233;
breaks temporarily with Sumner, 234;
letter of Shaffer to, on conditions in South, 242, 243,
and of Ray, on Reconstruction, 243;
his speech on postponement of Wilson bill invalidating certain
acts, etc., of seceding states, 248-251;
colloquy with Saulsbury, 250;
introduces Freedmen's Bureau and Civil Rights bills, 257;
speaks, in debate on the former, on construction of second clause
of 13th Amendment, 258-260;
colloquy with Henderson, 260;
letter from Ray, on negro suffrage, 261;
favors Stockton in N. J. election contest, 261 _ff._;
in debating his Amendment to Civil Rights bills, speaks again on
power of Congress to pass laws for ordinary administration of
justice in States, 265-267;
answered by Saulsbury, 267-268;
quotes Gaston as to citizenship of free negroes, 270;
his great speech in reply to Johnson's message vetoing Civil
Rights bill, 272;
the _Nation_, quoted, on his speech, 273;
his leading position in the campaign of 1866, 273;
opposed to Ku-Klux bill of 1871, 275, 356, 357, 358;
reelected Senator (1866), 277;
sustains Johnson until veto of Civil Rights bill, 277, 278;
letter of Mrs. F. C. Gary to, 278,
and his reply, 279;
not active in drawing 14th Amendment, 284 _n._;
his influence as against radical measures lessened by refusal of
Southern states to ratify 14th Amendment, 287;
on Stevens's Reconstruction bill, votes against Sumner's amendment
making negro suffrage a permanent condition of reconstruction,
292,
but supports bill with that amendment, 292;
at fault in so doing, 292;
votes to pass bill over veto, 294;
votes to pass supplementary registration of voters bill over veto,
294;
writing in Chicago _Advance_, denies power of Congress to regulate
suffrage in states, 294, 295;
reports bill for readmission of Va., but opposes amendments
applying new conditions, 296;
has a lively dispute with Sumner, 296, 297,
but supports him strongly in the later movement to oust him from
chairmanship of Com. on Foreign Relations, 297, 344, 420;
supports Bingham proviso to the Georgia bill, 298,
and makes a powerful speech thereon, 299;
the _Nation's_ high praise of the speech and its author, 299, 300;
votes for Tenure-of-Office bill, as amended, 302;
abused for his stand against conviction of Johnson, 313, 315, 323;
Spencer's threat, 315;
N. Y. _Evening Post_, Chicago _Tribune_, and _Nation_, quoted, as
to abuse of the "traitors," 314-317;
his written opinion on the case against Johnson, 318, 319;
J. F. Rhodes quoted on the action of the seven, 322;
his only reply to his vilifiers, 323, 324;
his eulogy of Fessenden, 324, 325;
death of Mrs. Trumbull, 326.

Retained for the War Dep't. in the matter of McCardle's petition for
habeas corpus, 327;
appears before Supreme Court, 327, 328;
votes to pass over veto the Act of March 27, 1868, which the
Supreme Court held to apply _ex post facto_ to McCardle case,
329, 330:
his action criticized, 330, 332;
his acceptance of counsel fees attacked by Chandler as being
connected with his vote on impeachment, 330, 331;
his defense, 331, 332;
the Chandler charge would not down, 332;
supports Vickers's amendment to 15th Amendment, 338,
and opposes Wilson's amendment, 339;
letter of Grenier to, on Republican corruption, 341;
offered English mission, 347;
his reason for declining, 348;
in speech at Chicago, discusses claims of U.S. against England,
349, and the urgent need of reform of the Civil service, 349,
350;
indorses Cox's stand, 349, 350;
casts only vote in Judiciary Committee in favor of Hoar's
confirmation as Supreme Court Justice, 350;
votes against tacking Sumner's Equal Rights bill to Amnesty bill,
359;
offers amendment for general investigation of public service to
Conkling's resolution concerning Hodge, 362;
his remarks thereon, 363;
not appointed on investigating committee, 366, 367;
not moved by personal hostility to Grant, 369;
interview with, in _Courier-Journal_ on his relations with Grant
(Dec. 1871). 369 and _n._, 370;
letter of S. Galloway to, on Grant, 371;
mentioned by Stanley Matthews as possible candidate of Liberal
Republicans, 372;
J. H. Bryant and others urge him to become a candidate, 375;
his replies somewhat non-committal, 375;
defends Mo. Liberal Republican platform as Republican doctrine,
376;
on civil service reform, 376;
letter of Palmer to, offering his support, 377;
in letter to author, gives qualified assent to use of his name,
378, 379;
letter of author to, on his candidacy, 379;
his strength impaired by division of vote of Ill. at Cincinnati,
380;
opinions of editors as to candidates, 381;
vote for, in the convention, 383, 384;
his supporters decide to support Greeley, 384;
letter of W. C. Bryant to, urging him not to support Greeley, 386,
and his reply, 386, 387;
how Greeley's nomination was brought about, 389, 390;
how Trumbull received the news, 390, 391;
takes active part in campaign, 394 _ff._;
his speech at Springfield, Ill., denouncing Republican corruption,
395-399;
his tribute to Greeley, 399;
if nominated, could have been elected, 402;
Adams, the stronger candidate, 402, 403;
his speech on La. election of 1872, his last speech in the Senate,
405, 406.

His official career ended by defeat of Greeley, 407;
defeated for reelection by Oglesby, 407;
resumes practice of law, 407;
one of the "visiting statesmen" sent to La. to watch canvass of
votes (1876), 409;
of counsel for Tilden before Electoral Commission, 409-411;
marries Mary Ingraham, 412;
Democratic candidate for governor of Ill. (1880), 412;
defeated by Cullom, 412;
entertains W. J. Bryan in 1893, 413;
inclined to free silver, 413;
his geniality, and vigor of mind and body, 413;
appears for Debs before Supreme Court, on petition for
habeas corpus, 414;
his speech in Chicago published as Populist campaign document,
414, 415;
no more radical than present-day "Progressive" doctrines, 415;
draws declaration of principles for Populist national conference,
415-417;
his death (June 5, 1896), 418;
Judge Moran quoted on his career, 419;
eminent as a political debater, well grounded in the law, 419,
420;
his character and talents reviewed and discussed, 419-422;
"a high-minded, kind-hearted, courteous gentleman, without
ostentation, and without guile," 421;
his place among the statesmen of his time discussed, 422;
his connection with the 13th Amendment, 422;
his opposition to arbitrary arrests unpopular, 422, 423;
his position as one of the "Seven Traitors" a proud one, 423;
change in his course on Reconstruction, 423, 424;
Medill quoted as to effect of vote in impeachment trial on his
future, 424, 425;
his partners quoted, as to his kindliness, 424;
Darrow on the "socialistic trend" of his opinions, 425;
letter of his daughter-in-law to author, 426;
his estimate of Lincoln's character and career, 426-430;
his views on religion, in letter to his mother, 430, 431;
his descendants, 431, 432.

Trumbull, Mary (Ingraham), T.'s second wife, 413, 432.

Trumbull, Walter, T.'s son, 18, 19, 121-123, 169, 425, 426, 431.

Trumbull family, the, 1, 2, 431, 432.

Turner, J. B., 71.

Turner, matter of, in Circuit Court of U.S., 274.

Underwood, John C, quoted, 52, 53.

Union Pacific R. R., 402.

United States _v._ Harris, 106 U. S., 275, 276, 358.

United States _v._ Rhodes (Circuit Court), 274.

Vagrancy law of Va., 247.

Vallandigham, Clement L., "the incarnation of Copperheadism," 203;
his speech of Jan. 14, 1863, 203, 204;
his arrest ordered by Burnside, 204;
tried by military commission, 204;
his sentence of imprisonment commuted to banishment to the South,
204;
all proceedings against, after arrest, illegal under habeas corpus
suspension act, 205;
nominated for governor of Ohio, but defeated, 206; 288.

Van Buren, John, 379.

Van Buren, Martin, xxi, 32, 37.

Van Tyne, C. H., _Letters of Daniel Webster_, xxiv _n._

Van Winkle, Peter G., Senator, on Civil Rights bill, 269; 261, 302,
314.

Van Wyck, Charles H., Congressman, 181, 182, 184.

Vermont, in convention of 1860, 106.

Vickers, George, Senator, 338.

Villard, Oswald G., _John Brown_, 52 _n._

Virginia, efforts to prevent secession of, 158 _ff._;
Lincoln's plan of reconstruction in, adopted by Johnson's Cabinet,
237;
Peirpoint recognized as Governor of, 237;
vagrancy law of, 247;
additional conditions imposed on readmission of, 296, 297.

Virginia Resolutions of 1798, xxiii.

"Visiting statesmen," and the contested election of 1876, 408, 409.

Wade, Benjamin F., Senator, opposed to Lincoln's renomination, 220;
102, 107, 108, 111, 150, 166, 233, 287, 332, 343.

Waite, Morrison R., Chief Justice Sup. Ct., 275.

Walker, Robert J., appointed governor of Kansas, 71;
and the Lecompton Convention, 71, 72;
denounces Cabinet conspiracy, 73;
resigns, 73; 81, 82.

Wall, James W., Senator, 200.

Wallace, Lew, General, attempts to usurp powers of Attorney-general
under Confiscation Act, 176, 177.

War Department, frauds in, 178 _ff._

War of 1812, xxiv.

Warren, Hooper, 27, 28.

Washburne, Elihu B., appointed Secretary of State, 333;
a strong partisan of Grant, 333;
his qualifications, 333;
terms of his appointment, 334;
resigns, 334; 45, 46, 168, 281, 304, 407.

Washington, Bushrod, xxxi.

Washington _Chronicle_, 300.

Washington, George, xxiii.

Washington, gathering of troops at, in Jan., 1861, 121, 122.

Watterson, Henry, 372, 373.

Wayland, Rev. Francis, xxxii.

Ways and Means, Committee of, 354.

Webster, Daniel, quoted, xxiv and _n._; xxii _n._, xxv _n._, xxvi,
xxvii, 27, 39, 125.

Weed, Thurlow, and Cameron's appointment, 143;
and the War Dep't. frauds, 179, 180; 108, 112, 139, 141, 146, 151,
181, 182; 184.

Welk, Jesse W., 101 _n._, 143 _n._

Welles, Gideon, quoted, on Cameron's appointment, 142, 144, 146, 151;
on the Harvey dispatch, 157, 158;
on Douglas's attitude in April, 1861, 163, 164;
on Cameron's emancipation hobby, 172 _n._;
on Cummings, 181 _n._;
on inefficiency of Union armies, 212;
on Halleck, 226;
on Cabinet meeting of Jan. 8, 1867, 290 _ff._;
opinion of, on question of territorializing states, 290;
on Stanton and the Tenure-of-Office Act, 303;
on Methodist pressure on Senator Willey, 319, 320;
on divers matters, 273 _n._, 313, 314, 324, 423.

Wells, David A., 353, 377, 379.

Wentworth, John, 90, 93.

Whigs, the, and the Kansas-Nebraska bill, 41.

White, Andrew D., 343.

White, Horace, and Lincoln's Peoria speech, 39;
his recollections of the Lincoln-Douglas campaign, 89,
quoted, 92;
impressions of John Brown, 97;
on Douglas's speech to Ill. legislature, 153;
his friendly relations with T., 168, 169, 413;
and the ousting of Sumner, 346, 347;
interview with Blaine, 354;
on the outlook at Cincinnati (1872), 378;
letter from T. to, and his reply, 379;
chairman of platform committee at Cincinnati, 382;
his view of the result, 385,
and of Greeley's nomination, 389, 390;
thinks Adams or T. could have been elected, 402, 403;
last meeting with T., 413.

Whitfield, pro-slavery Delegate in Congress from Kansas, 49, 50.

Whitney, Henry C, quoted, 143 _n._

Wigfall, Louis T., Senate, colloquy with T. in debate on Crittenden
Compromise, 129, 130; 133, 134.

Wilkinson, Morton S., Senator, 150, 189.

Willey, Waitman T., Senator, Methodist pressure on, in impeachment
trial, 317, 320;
votes "guilty," 320;
had agreed to vote "not guilty" if necessary, 321; 261, 302, 314.

Williams, Archibald, 45.

Williams, George H., Senator, 281, 298, 299, 328, 329.

Wilmot, David, Congressman, 146, 150.

Wilson, Henry, his speech on Kansas affairs, 65;
quoted on possible alliance of Douglas with Republicans, 79;
his resolution on suspension of habeas corpus, 190, 191;
opposes bill authorizing Pres. to suspend habeas corpus, 197;
his denunciation of Lincoln, 219;
brings in bill to nullify new labor laws in seceding states, 247,
248;
T.'s speech thereon, 248-251;
nominated for Vice-Pres., 393,
and elected, 402; 86, 87, 189, 194, 197, 198, 296, 298, 314, 315,
338, 344, 363.

Wilson, James F., Congressman, proposes amendment to Constitution,
prohibiting slavery, 223;
"slated" for State Dep't under Grant, 334 and _n._,
declines, 334;
his character, 335; 304, 309.

Wilson, James H., General, 337.

Wirt, William, 331.

Wood, John, 92.

Wool, John E., General, 178, 181.

World's Columbian Exposition, 412.

Wright, Silas, 91.

Wright, William, Senator, 261, 263, 264.

Yates, Richard, Governor, letter from, to T., 218;
letter from T. to, 120, 121; 107, 109, 111, 150, 197, 220.

Yulee, David L., Senator, 99.

End of Project Gutenberg's The Life of Lyman Trumbull, by Horace White