Chapter XXI: THE McCARDLE CASE--GRANT'S CABINET--THE FIFTEENTH AMENDMENT

W. H. McCardle, of Mississippi, arrested by General Ord for
seditious publications--Takes an appeal to the Supreme
Court--General Grant, as Secretary of War _ad interim_, retains
Trumbull to defend the military authorities--Congress passes a
law to deprive the Supreme Court of jurisdiction--Trumbull votes
for it--The Court rules that its jurisdiction has been withdrawn
by Congress--Secretary Stanton fixes Trumbull's compensation for
professional services at $10,000--Senator Chandler contends that
the payment is contrary to law--Trumbull shows that both law and
precedent are on his side--The facts in the case--President
Grant's mishaps in choosing his Cabinet--Washburne for the State
Department, Stewart for the Treasury, and Borie for the
Navy--They are succeeded by Fish, Boutwell, and Robeson--General
John A. Rawlins selected by himself for Secretary of War with
Grant's approval--General Jacob Cox and Rockwood Hoar, two men
of the highest type, appointed but soon resign--Adoption of the
Thirteenth Amendment of the Constitution 327

CHAPTER XXII

CAUSES OF DISCONTENT

Senator Grimes's estimate of the Republican party in
1870--President Grant's methods of carrying on the
Government--His attempt to annex Santo Domingo--Senate rejects
the treaty of annexation--The President comes in conflict with
Charles Sumner, who is displaced as chairman of the Senate
Committee on Foreign Relations--Trumbull sustains
Sumner--Motley, Minister to Great Britain, is removed from
office and Trumbull is asked to take his place--He declines the
offer--First movement for civil service reform--Trumbull makes a
speech at Chicago advocating it--Secretary Cox and
Attorney-General Hoar cease to be members of Grant's Cabinet 341

CHAPTER XXIII

THE LIBERAL REPUBLICANS

The Liberal Republican movement begins in Missouri--Its
leaders--Enfranchisement of the ex-Confederates, civil service
reform, and revenue reform, the issues--Meeting of revenue
reformers at New York, November 22, 1871--James G. Blaine,
Speaker of the House, offers them a majority of the Committee of
Ways and Means--The Missouri movement alarms the Republican
leaders--They pass the Ku-Klux Bill for the employment of
military force in the South--Trumbull and Schurz oppose the
Ku-Klux bill--Trumbull pronounces it an unconstitutional
measure--Schurz advocates the removal of all political
disabilities--Congress passes an act of universal amnesty after
the meeting of the Liberal Republican Convention 351