Chapter II: Part 2

AÏbet¶ter, AÏbetÏtor } (#), n. One who abets; an instigator of an offense or an offender. µ The form abettor is the legal term and also in general use. Syn. Ð Abettor, Accessory, Accomplice. These words denote different degrees of complicity in some deed or crime. An abettor is one who incites or encourages to the act, without sharing in its performance. An accessory supposes a principal offender. One who is neither the chief actor in an offense, nor present at its performance, but accedes to or becomes involved in its guilt, either by some previous or subsequent act, as of instigating, encouraging, aiding, or concealing, etc., is an accessory. An accomplice is one who participates in the commission of an offense, whether as principal or accessory. Thus in treason, there are no abettors or accessories, but all are held to be principals or accomplices. Ab·eÏvac¶uÏa¶tion (#), n. [Pref. abÏ + evacuation.] (Med.) A partial evacuation. Mayne. AÏbey¶ance (#), n. [OF. abeance expectation, longing; a (L. ad) + baer, beer, to gape, to look with open mouth, to expect, F. bayer, LL. badare to gape.] 1. (Law) Expectancy; condition of being undetermined. µ When there is no person in existence in whom an inheritance (or a dignity) can vest, it is said to be in abeyance, that is, in expectation; the law considering it as always potentially existing, and ready to vest whenever a proper owner appears. Blackstone. 2. Suspension; temporary suppression. Keeping the sympathies of love and admiration in a dormant state, or state of abeyance. De Quincey. AÏbey¶anÏcy (#), n. Abeyance. [R.] Hawthorne. AÏbey¶ant (#), a. Being in a state of abeyance. Ø Ab¶hal (#), n. The berries of a species of cypress in the East Indies. AbÏhom¶iÏnaÏble (#), a. Abominable. [A false orthography anciently used; h was foisted into various words; hence abholish, for abolish, etc.] This is abhominable, which he [Don Armado] would call abominable. Shak. Love's Labor's Lost, v. 1. AbÏhom·iÏnal (#), a. [L. ab away from + homo, hominis, man.] Inhuman. [Obs.] Fuller. AbÏhor¶ (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Abhorred (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Abhorring.] [L. abhorrere; ab + horrere to bristle, shiver, shudder: cf. F. abhorrer. See Horrid.] 1. To shrink back with shuddering from; to regard with horror or detestation; to feel excessive repugnance toward; to detest to extremity; to loathe. Abhor that which is evil; cleave to that which is good. Rom. xii. 9. 2. To fill with horror or disgust. [Obs.] It doth abhor me now I speak the word. Shak. 3. (Canon Law) To protest against; to reject solemnly. [Obs.] I utterly abhor, yea, from my soul Refuse you for my judge. Shak. Syn. Ð To hate; detest; loathe; abominate. See Hate. AbÏhor¶, v. i. To shrink back with horror, disgust, or dislike; to be contrary or averse; Ð with from. [Obs.] ½To abhor from those vices.¸ Udall. Which is utterly abhorring from the end of all law. Milton. AbÏhor¶rence (#), n. Extreme hatred or detestation; the feeling of utter dislike. AbÏhor¶renÏcy (#), n. Abhorrence. [Obs.] Locke. AbÏhor¶rent (#), a. [L. abhorens, Ïrentis, p. pr. of abhorrere.] 1. Abhorring; detesting; having or showing abhorrence; loathing; hence, strongly opposed to; as, abhorrent thoughts. The persons most abhorrent from blood and treason. Burke. The arts of pleasure in despotic courts I spurn abhorrent. Clover. 2. Contrary or repugnant; discordant; inconsistent; Ð followed by to. ½Injudicious profanation, so abhorrent to our stricter principles.¸ Gibbon. 3. Detestable. ½Pride, abhorrent as it is.¸ I. Taylor. AbÏhor¶rentÏly, adv. With abhorrence. AbÏhor¶rer (#), n. One who abhors. Hume. AbÏhor¶riÏble (#), a. Detestable. [R.] AbÏhor¶ring (#), n. 1. Detestation. Milton. 2. Object of abhorrence. Isa. lxvi. 24. Ø A¶bib (#), n. [Heb. abÆb, lit. an ear of corn. The month was so called from barley being at that time in ear.] The first month of the Jewish ecclesiastical year, corresponding nearly to our April. After the Babylonish captivity this month was called Nisan. Kitto. AÏbid¶ance (#), n. The state of abiding; abode; continuance; compliance (with). The Christians had no longer abidance in the holy hill of Palestine. Fuller. A judicious abidance by rules. Helps. AÏbide¶ (#), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Abode (#), formerly Abid (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Abiding (#).] [AS. ¾bÆdan; pref. ? (cf. Goth. usÏ, G. erÏ, orig. meaning out) + bÆdan to bide. See Bide.] 1. To wait; to pause; to delay. [Obs.] Chaucer. 2. To stay; to continue in a place; to have one's abode; to dwell; to sojourn; Ð with with before a person, and commonly with at or in before a place. Let the damsel abide with us a few days. Gen. xxiv. 55. 3. To remain stable or fixed in some state or condition; to continue; to remain. Let every man abide in the same calling. 1 Cor. vii. 20. Followed by by: To abide by. (a) To stand to; to adhere; to maintain. The poor fellow was obstinate enough to abide by what he said at first. Fielding. (b) To acquiesce; to conform to; as, to abide by a decision or an award. AÏbide¶, v. t. 1. To wait for; to be prepared for; to await; to watch for; as, I abide my time. ½I will abide the coming of my lord.¸ Tennyson. [Obs., with a personal object.] Bonds and afflictions abide me. Acts xx. 23. 2. To endure; to sustain; to submit to. [Thou] shalt abide her judgment on it. Tennyson. 3. To bear patiently; to tolerate; to put up with. She could not abide Master Shallow. Shak. 4. [Confused with aby to pay for. See Aby.] To stand the consequences of; to answer for; to suffer for. Dearly I abide that boast so vain. Milton. AÏbid¶er (#), n. 1. One who abides, or continues. [Obs.] ½Speedy goers and strong abiders.¸ Sidney. 2. One who dwells; a resident. Speed. AÏbid¶ing, a. Continuing; lasting. AÏbid¶ingÏly, adv. Permanently. Carlyle. Ø A¶biÏes (#), n. [L., fir tree.] (Bot.) A genus of coniferous trees, properly called Fir, as the balsam fir and the silver fir. The spruces are sometimes also referred to this genus. Ab¶iÏeÏtene (#), n. [L. abies, abietis, a fir tree.] A volatile oil distilled from the resin or balsam of the nut pine (Pinus sabiniana) of California. Ab·iÏet¶ic (#), a. Of or pertaining to the fir tree or its products; as, abietic acid, called also sylvic acid. Watts. Ab¶iÏeÏtin, Ab¶iÏeÏtine } (#), n. [See Abietene.] (Chem.) A resinous obtained from Strasburg turpentine or Canada balsam. It is without taste or smell, is insoluble in water, but soluble in alcohol (especially at the boiling point), in strong acetic acid, and in ether. Watts. Ab·iÏtin¶ic (#), a. Of or pertaining to abietin; as, abietinic acid. Ab¶iÏtite (#), n. (Chem.) A substance resembling mannite, found in the needles of the common silver fir of Europe (Abies pectinata). Eng. Cyc. Ab¶iÏgail (#), n. [The proper name used as an appellative.] A lady's waitingÐmaid. Pepys. Her abigail reported that Mrs. Gutheridge had a set of night curls for sleeping in. Leslie. AÏbil¶iÏment (#), n. Habiliment. [Obs.] AÏbil¶iÏty (#), n.; pl. Abilities (#). [F. habilet‚, earlier spelling habilit‚ (with silent h), L. habilitas aptitude, ability, fr. habilis apt. See Able.] The quality or state of being able; power to perform, whether physical, moral, intellectual, conventional, or legal; capacity; skill or competence in doing; sufficiency of strength, skill, resources, etc.; Ð in the plural, faculty, talent. Then the disciples, every man according to his ability, determined to send relief unto the brethren. Acts xi. 29. Natural abilities are like natural plants, that need pruning by study. Bacon. The public men of England, with much of a peculiar kind of ability. Macaulay. Syn. Ð Capacity; talent; cleverness; faculty; capability; efficiency; aptitude; aptness; address; dexterity; skill. Ability, Capacity. These words come into comparison when applied to the higher intellectual powers. Ability has reference to the active exercise of our faculties. It implies not only native vigor of mind, but that ease and promptitude of execution which arise from mental training. Thus, we speak of the ability with which a book is written, an argument maintained, a negotiation carried on, etc. It always something to be done, and the power of doing it. Capacity has reference to the receptive powers. In its higher exercises it supposes great quickness of apprehension and breadth of intellect, with an uncommon aptitude for acquiring and retaining knowledge. Hence it carries with it the idea of resources and undeveloped power. Thus we speak of the extraordinary capacity of such men as Lord Bacon, Blaise Pascal, and Edmund Burke. ½Capacity,¸ says H. Taylor, ½is requisite to devise, and ability to execute, a great enterprise.¸ The word abilities, in the plural, embraces both these qualities, and denotes high mental endowments. AÏbime¶ or AÏbyme¶ (#), n. [F. abŒme. See Abysm.] A abyss. [Obs.] Ab·iÏoÏgen¶eÏsis (#), n. [Gr. ? priv. + ? life + ?, origin, birth.] (Biol.) The supposed origination of living organisms from lifeless matter; such genesis as does not involve the action of living parents; spontaneous generation; Ð called also abiogeny, and opposed to biogenesis. I shall call the... doctrine that living matter may be produced by not living matter, the hypothesis of abiogenesis. Huxley, 1870. Ab·iÏoÏgeÏnet¶ic (#), a. (Biol.) Of or pertaining to abiogenesis. Ð Ab·iÏoÏgeÏnet¶icÏalÏly (#), adv. Ab·iÏog¶eÏnist (#), n. (Biol.) One who believes that life can be produced independently of antecedent. Huxley. Ab·iÏog¶eÏnous (#), a. (Biol.) Produced by spontaneous generation. Ab·iÏog¶eÏny (#), n. (Biol.) Same as Abiogenesis. Ab·iÏoÏlog¶icÏal (#), a. [Gr. ? priv. + E. biological.] Pertaining to the study of inanimate things. AbÏir¶riÏtant (#), n. (Med.) A medicine that diminishes irritation. AbÏir¶riÏtate (#), v. t. [Pref. abÏ + irritate.] (Med.) To diminish the sensibility of; to debilitate. AbÏir·riÏta¶tion (#), n. (Med.) A pathological condition opposite to that of irritation; debility; want of strength; asthenia. AbÏir¶riÏtaÏtive (#), a. (Med.) Characterized by abirritation or debility. AÏbit¶ (#), 3d sing. pres. of Abide. [Obs.] Chaucer. Ab¶ject (#), a. [L. abjectus, p. p. of abjicere to throw away; ab + jacere to throw. See Jet a shooting forth.] 1. Cast down; lowÐlying. [Obs.] From the safe shore their floating carcasses And broken chariot wheels; so thick bestrown Abject and lost lay these, covering the flood. Milton. 2. Sunk to a law condition; down in spirit or hope; degraded; servile; groveling; despicable; as, abject posture, fortune, thoughts. ½Base and abject flatterers.¸ Addison. ½An abject liar.¸ Macaulay. And banish hence these abject, lowly dreams. Shak. Syn. Ð Mean; groveling; cringing; meanÐspirited; slavish; ignoble; worthless; vile; beggarly; contemptible; degraded. AbÏject¶ (#), v. t. [From Abject, a.] To cast off or down; hence, to abase; to degrade; to lower; to debase. [Obs.] Donne. Ab¶ject (#), n. A person in the lowest and most despicable condition; a castaway. [Obs.] Shall these abjects, these victims, these outcasts, know any thing of pleasure? I. Taylor. AbÏject¶edÏness (#), n. A very abject or low condition; abjectness. [R.] Boyle. AbÏjec¶tion (#), n. [F. abjection, L. abjectio.] 1. The act of bringing down or humbling. ½The abjection of the king and his realm.¸ Joe. 2. The state of being rejected or cast out. [R.] An adjection from the beatific regions where God, and his angels and saints, dwell forever. Jer. Taylor. 3. A low or downcast state; meanness of spirit; abasement; degradation. That this should be termed baseness, abjection of mind, or servility, is it credible? Hooker. Ab¶jectÏly (#), adv. Meanly; servilely. Ab¶jectÏness, n. The state of being abject; abasement; meanness; servility. Grew. AbÏjudge¶ (#), v. t. [Pref. abÏ + judge, v. Cf. Abjudicate.] To take away by judicial decision. [R.] AbÏju¶diÏcate (#), v. t. [L. abjudicatus, p. p. of abjudicare; ab + judicare. See Judge, and cf. Abjudge.] To reject by judicial sentence; also, to abjudge. [Obs.] Ash. AbÏju·diÏca¶tion (#), n. Rejection by judicial sentence. [R.] Knowles. Ab¶juÏgate (#), v. t. [L. abjugatus, p. p. of abjugare.] To unyoke. [Obs.] Bailey. AbÏjunc¶tive (#), a. [L. abjunctus, p. p. of abjungere; ab + jungere to join.] Exceptional. [R.] It is this power which leads on from the accidental and abjunctive to the universal. I. Taylor. Ab·juÏra¶tion (#), n. [L. abjuratio: cf. F. abjuration.] 1. The act of abjuring or forswearing; a renunciation upon oath; as, abjuration of the realm, a sworn banishment, an oath taken to leave the country and never to return. 2. A solemn recantation or renunciation; as, an abjuration of heresy. Oath of abjuration, an oath asserting the right of the present royal family to the crown of England, and expressly abjuring allegiance to the descendants of the Pretender. Brande & C. AbÏju¶raÏtoÏry (#), a. Containing abjuration. AbÏjure¶ (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Abjured (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Abjuring (#).] [L. abjurare to deny upon oath; ab + jurare to swear, fr. jus, juris, right, law; cf. F. abjurer. See Jury.] 1. To renounce upon oath; to forswear; to disavow; as, to abjure allegiance to a prince. To abjure the realm, is to swear to abandon it forever. 2. To renounce or reject with solemnity; to recant; to abandon forever; to reject; repudiate; as, to abjure errors. ½Magic I here abjure.¸ Shak. Syn. Ð See Renounce. AbÏjure¶, v. i. To renounce on oath. Bp. Burnet. AbÏjure¶ment (#), n. Renunciation. [R.] AbÏjur¶er (#), n. One who abjures. AbÏlac¶tate (#), v. t. [L. ablactatus, p. p. of ablactare; ab + lactare to suckle, fr. lac milk.] To wean. [R.] Bailey. Ab·lacÏta¶tion (#). n. 1. The weaning of a child from the breast, or of young beasts from their dam. Blount. 2. (Hort.) The process of grafting now called inarching, or grafting by approach. AbÏla¶queÏate (#), v. t. [L. ablaqueatus, p. p. of. ablaqueare; fr. ab + laqueus a noose.] To lay bare, as the roots of a tree. [Obs.] Bailey. AbÏla·queÏa¶tion (#), n. [L. ablaqueatio.] The act or process of laying bare the roots of trees to expose them to the air and water. [Obs.] Evelyn. Ab·lasÏtem¶ic (#), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? growth.] (Biol.) NonÐgerminal. AbÏla¶tion (#), n. [L. ablatio, fr. ablatus p. p. of auferre to carry away; ab + latus, p. p. of ferre carry: cf. F. ablation. See Tolerate.] 1. A carrying or taking away; removal. Jer. Taylor. 2. (Med.) Extirpation. Dunglison. 3. (Geol.) Wearing away; superficial waste. Tyndall. Ab·laÏti¶tious (#), a. Diminishing; as, an ablatitious force. Sir J. Herschel. Ab¶laÏtive (#), a. [F. ablatif, ablative, L. ablativus fr. ablatus. See Ablation.] 1. Taking away or removing. [Obs.] Where the heart is forestalled with misopinion, ablatire directions are found needful to unteach error, ere we can learn truth. Bp. Hall. 2. (Gram.) Applied to one of the cases of the noun in Latin and some other languages, Ð the fundamental meaning of the case being removal, separation, or taking away. Ab¶laÏtive, (Gram.) The ablative case. ablative absolute, costruction in Latin, in which a noun in the ablative case has a participle (either expressed or implied), agreeing with it in gender, number, and case, both words forming a clause by themselves and being unconnected, grammatically, with the rest of the sentence; as, Tarquinio regnante, Pythagoras venit, i. e., Tarquinius reigning, Pythagoras came. Ø Ab¶laut (#), n. [Ger., offÐsound; ab off + laut sound.] (Philol.) The substitution of one root vowel for another, thus indicating a corresponding modification of use or meaning; vowel permutation; as, get, gat, got; sing, song; hang, hung. Earle.

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AÏblaze¶ (#), adv. & a. [Pref. aÏ + blaze.] 1. On fire; in a blaze, gleaming. Milman. All ablaze with crimson and gold. Longfellow. 2. In a state of glowing excitement or ardent desire. The young Cambridge democrats were all ablaze to assist Torrijos. Carlyle. A¶ble (#), a. [Comp. Abler (#); superl. Ablest (#).] [OF. habile, L. habilis that may be easily held or managed, apt, skillful, fr. habere to have, hold. Cf. Habile and see Habit.] 1. Fit; adapted; suitable. [Obs.] A many man, to ben an abbot able. Chaucer. 2. Having sufficient power, strength, force, skill, means, or resources of any kind to accomplish the object; possessed of qualifications rendering competent for some end; competent; qualified; capable; as, an able workman, soldier, seaman, a man able to work; a mind able to reason; a person able to be generous; able to endure pain; able to play on a piano. 3. Specially: Having intellectual qualifications, or strong mental powers; showing ability or skill; talented; clever; powerful; as, the ablest man in the senate; an able speech. No man wrote abler state papers. Macaulay. 4. (Law) Legally qualified; possessed of legal competence; as, able to inherit or devise property. Able for, is Scotticism. ½Hardly able for such a march.¸ Robertson. Syn. Ð Competent; qualified; fitted; efficient; effective; capable; skillful; clever; vigorous; powerful. A¶ble, v. t. [See Able, a.] [Obs.] 1. To make able; to enable; to strengthen. Chaucer. 2. To vouch for. ½I 'll able them.¸ Shak. ÏaÏble (#). [F. Ïable, L. Ïabilis.] An adjective suffix now usually in a passive sense; able to be; fit to be; expressing capacity or worthiness in a passive sense; as, movable, able to be moved; amendable, able to be amended; blamable, fit to be blamed; salable. The form Ïible is used in the same sense. µ It is difficult to say when we are not to use Ïable instead of Ïible. ½Yet a rule may be laid down as to when we are to use it. To all verbs, then, from the AngloÐSaxon, to all based on the uncorrupted infinitival stems of Latin verbs of the first conjugation, and to all substantives, whencesoever sprung, we annex Ïable only.¸ Fitzed. Hall. A·bleÐbod¶ied (#), a. Having a sound, strong body; physically competent; robust. ½AbleÐbodied vagrant.¸ Froude. Ð A·bleÐbod¶iedÏness, n. Ab¶leÏgate (#), v. t. [L. ablegatus, p. p. of ablegare; ab + legare to send with a commission. See Legate.] To send abroad. [Obs.] Bailey. Ab¶leÏgate (#), n. (R. C. Ch.) A representative of the pope charged with important commissions in foreign countries, one of his duties being to bring to a newly named cardinal his insignia of office. Ab·leÏga¶tion (#), n. [L. ablegatio.] The act of sending abroad. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor. A·bleÐmind¶ed (#), a. Having much intellectual power. Ð A·bleÐmind¶edÏness, n. A¶bleÏness (#), n. Ability of body or mind; force; vigor. [Obs. or R.] Ab¶lepÏsy (#), n. [Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? to see.] Blindness. [R.] Urquhart. A¶bler (#), a., comp. of Able. Ð A¶blest (#), a., superl. of Able. Ab¶let (#), Ab¶len ] [F. ablet, ablette, a dim. fr. LL. abula, for albula, dim. of albus white. Cf. Abele.] (Zo”l.) A small freshÐwater fish (Leuciscus alburnus); the bleak. Ab¶liÏgate (#), v. t. [L. ab + ligatus, p. p. of ligare to tie.] To tie up so as to hinder from. [Obs.] AbÏlig·uÏri¶tion (?), n. [L. abligurito, fr. abligurire to spend in luxurious indulgence; ab + ligurire to be lickerish, dainty, fr. lingere to lick.] Prodigal expense for food. [Obs.] Bailey. A¶blins (#), adv. [See Able.] Perhaps. [Scot.] AÏbloom¶ (#), adv. [Pref. aÏ + bloom.] In or into bloom; in a blooming state. Masson. AbÏlude¶ (#), v. t. [L. abludere; ab + ludere to play.] To be unlike; to differ. [Obs.] Bp. Hall. Ab¶luÏent (#), a. [L. abluens, p. pr. of. abluere to wash away; ab + luere (lavere, lavare). See Lave.] Washing away; carrying off impurities; detergent. Ð n. (Med.) A detergent. AÏblush¶ (#), adv. & a. [Pref. aÏ + blush.] Blushing; ruddy. AbÏlu·tion (#), n. [L. ablutio, fr. abluere: cf. F. ablution. See Abluent.] 1. The act of washing or cleansing; specifically, the washing of the body, or some part of it, as a religious rite. 2. The water used in cleansing. ½Cast the ablutions in the main.¸ Pope. 3. (R. C. Ch.) A small quantity of wine and water, which is used to wash the priest's thumb and index finger after the communion, and which then, as perhaps containing portions of the consecrated elements, is drunk by the priest. AbÏlu¶tionÏaÏry (#), a. Pertaining to ablution. AbÏlu¶viÏon (#), n. [LL. abluvio. See Abluent.] That which is washed off. [R.] Dwight. A¶bly (#), adv. In an able manner; with great ability; as, ably done, planned, said. ÏaÏbly (#). A suffix composed of Ïable and the adverbial suffix Ïly; as, favorably. Ab¶neÏgate (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Abnegated; p. pr. & vb. n. Abnegating.] [L. abnegatus,p. p. of abnegare; ab + negare to deny. See Deny.] To deny and reject; to abjure. Sir E. Sandys. Farrar. Ab·neÏga¶tion (#), n. [L. abnegatio: cf. F. abn‚gation.] a denial; a renunciation. With abnegation of God, of his honor, and of religion, they may retain the friendship of the court. Knox. Ab¶neÏgaÏtive (#), a. [L. abnegativus.] Denying; renouncing; negative. [R.] Clarke. Ab¶neÐga·tor (#), n. [L.] One who abnegates, denies, or rejects anything. [R.] Ø Ab¶net (#), n. [Heb.] The girdle of a Jewish priest or officer. Ab¶noÏdate (#), v. t. [L. abnodatus, p. p. of abnodare; ab + nodus knot.] To clear (tress) from knots. [R.] Blount. Ab·noÏda¶tion (#), n. The act of cutting away the knots of trees. [R.] Crabb. AbÏnor¶mal (#), a. [For earlier anormal.F. anormal, LL. anormalus for anomalus, Gr. ?. Confused with L. abnormis. See Anomalous, Abnormous, Anormal.] Not conformed to rule or system; deviating from the type; anomalous; irregular. ½That deviating from the type; anomalous; irregular. ¸ Froude. Ab·norÏmal¶iÏty (#), n.; pl. Abnormalities (#). 1. The state or quality of being abnormal; variation; irregularity. Darwin. 2. Something abnormal. AbÏnor¶malÏly (#), adv. In an abnormal manner; irregularly. Darwin. AbÏnor¶miÏty (#), n.; pl. Abnormities (#). [LL. abnormitas. See Abnormous.] Departure from the ordinary type; irregularity; monstrosity. ½An abnormity... like a calf born with two heads.¸ Mrs. Whitney. AbÏnor¶mous (#), a. [L. abnormis; ab + norma rule. See Normal.] Abnormal; irregular. Hallam. A character of a more abnormous cast than his equally suspected coadjutor. State Trials. AÏboard¶ (#), adv. [Pref. aÏ on, in + board.] . On board; into or within a ship or boat; hence, into or within a railway car. 2. Alongside; as, close aboard. Naut.: To fall aboard of, to strike a ship's side; to fall foul of. Ð To haul the tacks aboard, to set the courses. Ð To keep the land aboard, to hug the shore. Ð To lay (a ship) aboard, to place one's own ship close alongside of (a ship) for fighting. AÏboard¶, prep. 1. On board of; as, to go aboard a ship. 2.Across; athwart. [Obs.] Nor iron bands aboard The Pontic Sea by their huge navy cast. Spenser. AÏbod¶ance (#), n. [See Bode.] An omen; a portending. [Obs.] AÏbode¶ (#), pret. of Abide. AÏbode¶, n. [OE. abad, abood, fr. abiden to abide. See Abide. For the change of vowel, cf. abode, imp. of abide.] 1. Act of waiting; delay. [Obs.] Shak. And with her fled away without abode. Spenser. 2. Stay or continuance in a place; sojourn. He waxeth at your abode here. Fielding. 3. Place of continuance, or where one dwells; abiding place; residence; a dwelling; a habitation. Come, let me lead you to our poor abode. Wordsworth. AÏbode¶, n. [See Bode, v. t.] An omen. [Obs.] HighÐthundering Juno's husband stirs my spirit with true abodes. Chapman. AÏbode¶, v. t. To bode; to foreshow. [Obs.] Shak. AÏbode¶, v. i. To be ominous. [Obs.] Dryden. AÏbode¶ment (#), n. A foreboding; an omen. [Obs.] ½Abodements must not now affright us.¸ Shak. AÏbod¶ing (#), n. A foreboding. [Obs.] AÏbol¶ish (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Abolished (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Abolishing.] [F. abolir, L. abolere, aboletum; ab + olere to grow. Cf. Finish.] 1. To do away with wholly; to annul; to make void; Ð said of laws, customs, institutions, governments, etc.; as, to abolish slavery, to abolish folly. 2. To put an end to, or destroy, as a physical objects; to wipe out. [Archaic] And with thy blood abolish so reproachful blot. Spenser. His quick instinctive hand Caught at the hilt, as to abolish him. Tennyson. Syn. Ð To Abolish, Repeal, Abrogate, Revoke, Annul, Nullify, Cancel. These words have in common the idea of setting aside by some overruling act. Abolish applies particularly to things of a permanent nature, such as institutions, usages, customs, etc.; as, to abolish monopolies, serfdom, slavery. Repeal describes the act by which the legislature of a state sets aside a law which it had previously enacted. Abrogate was originally applied to the repeal of a law by the Roman people; and hence, when the power of making laws was usurped by the emperors, the term was applied to their act of setting aside the laws. Thus it came to express that act by which a sovereign or an executive government sets aside laws, ordinances, regulations, treaties, conventions, etc. Revoke denotes the act or recalling some previous grant which conferred, privilege, etc.; as, to revoke a decree, to revoke a power of attorney, a promise, etc. Thus, also, we speak of the revocation of the Edict of Nantes. Annul is used in a more general sense, denoting simply to make void; as, to annul a contract, to annul an agreement. Nullify is an old word revived in this country, and applied to the setting of things aside either by force or by total disregard; as, to nullify an act of Congress. Cancel is to strike out or annul, by a deliberate exercise of power, something which has operative force. AÏbol¶ishÏaÏble (#), a. [Cf. F. abolissable.] Capable of being abolished. AÏbol¶ishÏer (#), n. One who abolishes. AÏbol¶ishÏment (#), n. [Cf. F. abolissement.] The act of abolishing; abolition; destruction. Hooker. Ab¶oÏli¶tion (#), n. [L. abolitio, fr. abolere: cf. F. abolition. See Abolish.] The act of abolishing, or the state of being abolished; an annulling; abrogation; utter destruction; as, the abolition of slavery or the slave trade; the abolition of laws, decrees, ordinances, customs, taxes, debts, etc. µ The application of this word to persons is now unusual or obsolete Ab·oÏli¶tionÏism (#), n. The principles or measures of abolitionists. Wilberforce. Ab·oÏli¶tionÏist, n. A person who favors the abolition of any institution, especially negro slavery. Ab·oÏli·tionÏize (#), v. t. To imbue with the principles of abolitionism. [R.] Bartlett. Ø AÏbo¶ma (#), n. (Zo”l.) A large South American serpent (Boa aboma). Ø Ab·oÏma¶sum (#), Ø Ab·oÏma¶sus (#), } n. [NL., fr. L. ab + omasum (a Celtic word.) (Anat.) The fourth or digestive stomach of a ruminant, which leads from the third stomach omasum. See Ruminantia. AÏboom¶iÏnaÏble (#), a. [F. abominable. L. abominalis. See Abominate.] 1. Worthy of, or causing, abhorrence, as a thing of evil omen; odious in the utmost degree; very hateful; detestable; loathsome; execrable. 2. Excessive; large; Ð used as an intensive. [Obs.] µ Juliana Berners... informs us that in her time [15th c.], ½a bomynable syght of monkes¸ was elegant English for ½a large company of friars.¸ G. P. Marsh. AÏbom¶iÏnaÏbleÏness, n. The quality or state of being abominable; odiousness. Bentley. AÏbom¶iÏnaÏbly (#), adv. In an abominable manner; very odiously; detestably. AÏbom¶iÏnate (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Abominated; p. pr. & vb. n. Abominating.] [L. abominatus, p. p. or abominari to deprecate as ominous, to abhor, to curse; ab + omen a foreboding. See Omen.] To turn from as illÐomened; to hate in the highest degree, as if with religious dread; loathe; as, to abominate all impiety. Syn. Ð To hate; abhor; loathe; detest. See Hate. AÏbom·iÏna¶tion (#), n. [OE. abominacioun, Ïcion, F. abominatio. See Abominate.] 1. The feeling of extreme disgust and hatred; abhorrence; detestation; loathing; as, he holds tobacco in abomination. 2. That which is abominable; anything hateful, wicked, or shamefully vile; an object or state that excites disgust and hatred; a hateful or shameful vice; pollution. Antony, most large in his abominations. Shak. 3. A cause of pollution or wickedness. Syn. Ð Detestation; loathing; abhorrence; disgust; aversion; loathsomeness; odiousness. AÏbom¶iÏna·tor (#), n. One who abominates. Sir W. Scott. AÏboon¶ (#), prep. and adv. Above. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.] Aboon the pass of BallyÐBrough. Sir W. Scott. The ceiling fair that rose aboon. J. R. Drake. AbÏo¶ral (#), a. [L. ab. + E. oral.] (Zo”l.) Situated opposite to, or away from, the mouth. Ø AÏbord¶ (#), n. [F.] Manner of approaching or accosting; address. Chesterfield. AÏbord¶ (#), v. t. [F. aborder, ? (L. ad) + bord rim, brim, or side of a vessel. See Border, Board.] To approach; to accost. [Obs.] Digby. Ab·oÏrig¶iÏnal (#), a. [See Aborigines.] 1. First; original; indigenous; primitive; native; as, the aboriginal tribes of America. ½Mantled o'er with aboriginal turf.¸ Wordsworth. 2. Of or pertaining to aborigines; as, a Hindoo of aboriginal blood. Ab·oÏrig¶iÏnal, n. 1. An original inhabitant of any land; one of the aborigines. 2. An animal or a plant native to the region. It may well be doubted whether this frog is an aboriginal of these islands. Darwin. Ab·oÏrig·iÏnal¶iÏty (#), n. The quality of being aboriginal. Westm. Rev. Ab·oÏrig¶iÏnalÏly (#), adv. Primarily. Ab·oÏrig¶iÏness (#), n. pl. [L. Aborigines; ab + origo, especially the first inhabitants of Latium, those who originally (ab origine) inhabited Latium or Italy. See Origin.] 1. The earliest known inhabitants of a country; native races. 2. The original fauna and flora of a geographical area AÏborse¶ment (#), n. Abortment; abortion. [Obs.] Bp. Hall. AÏbor¶sive (#), a. Abortive. [Obs.] Fuller. AÏbort¶ (#), v. i. [L. abortare, fr. abortus, p. p. of aboriri; ab + oriri to rise, to be born. See Orient.] 1. To miscarry; to bring forth young prematurely. 2. (Biol.) To become checked in normal development, so as either to remain rudimentary or shrink away wholly; to become sterile. AÏbort¶, n. [L. abortus, fr. aboriri.] 1. An untimely birth. [Obs.] Sir H. Wotton. 2. An aborted offspring. [Obs.] Holland. AÏbort¶ed, a. 1. Brought forth prematurely. 2. (Biol.) Rendered abortive or sterile; undeveloped; checked in normal development at a very early stage; as, spines are aborted branches. The eyes of the cirripeds are more or less aborted in their mature state. Owen.

AÏbor¶tiÏcide (#), n. [L. abortus + caedere to kill. See Abort.] (Med.) The act of destroying a fetus in the womb; feticide. AÏbor·tiÏfa¶cient (#), a. [L. abortus (see Abort, v.) + faciens, p. pr. of facere to make.] Producing miscarriage. Ð n. A drug or an agent that causes premature delivery. AÏbor¶tion (#), n. [L. abortio, fr. aboriri. See Abort.] 1. The act of giving premature birth; particularly, the expulsion of the human fetus prematurely, or before it is capable of sustaining life; miscarriage. µ Ii is sometimes used for the offense of procuring a premature delivery, but strictly the early delivery is the abortion, ½causing or procuring abortion¸ is the full name of the offense. Abbott.

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2. The immature product of an untimely birth. 3. (Biol.) Arrest of development of any organ, so that it remains an imperfect formation or is absorbed. 4. Any fruit or produce that does not come to maturity, or anything which in its progress, before it is matured or perfect; a complete failure; as, his attempt. proved an abortiori. AÏbor¶tionÏal (#), a. Pertaining to abortion; miscarrying; abortive. Carlyle. AÏbor¶tionÏist, n. One who procures abortion or miscarriage. AÏbor¶tive (#), a. [L. abortivus, fr. aboriri. See Abort, v.] 1. Produced by abortion; born prematurely; as, an abortive child. [R.] 2. Made from the skin of a stillÏborn animal; as, abortive vellum. [Obs.] 3. Rendering fruitless or ineffectual. [Obs.] ½Plunged in that abortive gulf.¸ Milton. 4. Coming to naught; failing in its effect; miscarrying; fruitless; unsuccessful; as, an abortive attempt. ½An abortive enterprise.¸ Prescott. 5. (Biol.) Imperfectly formed or developed; rudimentary; sterile; as, an abortive organ, stamen, ovule, etc. 6. (Med.) (a) Causing abortion; as, abortive medicines. Parr. (b) Cutting short; as, abortive treatment of typhoid fever. AÏbor¶tive, n. 1. That which is born or brought forth prematurely; an abortion. [Obs.] Shak. 2. A fruitless effort or issue. [Obs.] 3. A medicine to which is attributed the property of causing abortion. Dunglison. AÏbor¶tiveÏly, adv. In an abortive or untimely manner; immaturely; fruitlessly. AÏbor¶tiveÏness, n. The quality of being abortive. AÏbort¶ment (#), n. Abortion. [Obs.] AÏbought¶ (#), imp. & p. p. of Aby. [Obs.] AÏbound¶ (#), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Abounded; p. pr. & vb. n. Abounding.] [OE. abounden, F. abonder, fr. L. abundare to overflow, abound; ab + unda wave. Cf. Undulate.] 1. To be in great plenty; to be very prevalent; to be plentiful. The wild boar which abounds in some parts of the continent of Europe. Chambers. Where sin abounded grace did much more abound. Rom. v. 20. 2. To be copiously supplied; Ð followed by in or with. To abound in, to posses in such abundance as to be characterized by. Ð To abound with, to be filled with; to possess in great numbers. Men abounding in natural courage. Macaulay. A faithful man shall abound with blessings. Prov. xxviii. 20. It abounds with cabinets of curiosities. Addison. AÏbout¶ (#), prep. [OE. aboute, abouten, abuten; AS. ¾butan, onbutan; on + butan, which is from be by + utan outward, from ut out. See But, Out.] 1. Around; all round; on every side of. ½Look about you.¸ Shak. ½Bind them about thy neck.¸ Prov. iii. 3. 2. In the immediate neighborhood of; in contiguity or proximity to; near, as to place; by or on (one's person). ½Have you much money about you?¸ Bulwer. 3. Over or upon different parts of; through or over in various directions; here and there in; to and fro in; throughout. Lampoons... were handed about the coffeehouses. Macaulay. Roving still about the world. Milton. 4. Near; not far from; Ð determining approximately time, size, quantity. ½ToÐmorrow, about this time.¸ Exod. ix. 18. ½About my stature.¸ Shak. He went out about the third hour. Matt. xx. 3. µ This use passes into the adverbial sense. 5. In concern with; engaged in; intent on. I must be about my Father's business. Luke ii. 49. 6. Before a verbal noun or an infinitive: On the point or verge of; going; in act of. Paul was now aboutto open his mouth. Acts xviii. 14. 7. Concerning; with regard to; on account of; touching. ½To treat about thy ransom.¸ Milton. She must have her way about Sarah. Trollope. AÏbout¶, adv. 1. On all sides; around. 'Tis time to look about. Shak. 2. In circuit; circularly; by a circuitous way; around the outside; as, a mile about, and a third of a mile across. 3. Here and there; around; in one place and another. Wandering about from house to house. 1 Tim. v. 13. 4. Nearly; approximately; with close correspondence, in quality, manner, degree, etc.; as, about as cold; about as high; Ð also of quantity, number, time. ½There fell... about three thousand men.¸ Exod. xxii. 28. 5. To a reserved position; half round; in the opposite direction; on the opposite tack; as, to face about; to turn one's self about. To bring about, to cause to take place; to accomplish. Ð To come about, to occur; to take place. See under Come. Ð To go about, To set about, to undertake; to arrange; to prepare. ½Shall we set about some revels? Shak. Ð Round about, in every direction around. AÏbout¶Ðsledge¶ (#), n. The largest hammer used by smiths. Weale. AÏbove¶ (#), prep. [OE. above, aboven, abuffe, AS. abufon; an (or on) on + be by + ufan upward; cf. Goth. uf under. ?199. See Over.] 1. In or to a higher place; higher than; on or over the upper surface; over; Ð opposed to below or beneath. Fowl that may fly above the earth. Gen. i. 20. 2. Figuratively, higher than; superior to in any respect; surpassing; beyond; higher in measure or degree than; as, things above comprehension; above mean actions; conduct above reproach. ½Thy worth... is actions above my gifts.¸ Marlowe. I saw in the way a light from heaven above the brightness of the sun. Acts xxxvi. 13. 3. Surpassing in number or quantity; more than; as, above a hundred. (Passing into the adverbial sense. See Above, adv., 4.) above all, before every other consideration; chiefly; in preference to other things. Over and above, prep. or adv., besides; in addition to. AÏbove¶ (#), adv. 1. In a higher place; overhead; into or from heaven; as, the clouds above. 2. Earlier in order; higher in the same page; hence, in a foregoing page. ¸That was said above.¸ Dryden. 3. Higher in rank or power; as, he appealed to the court above. 4. More than; as, above five hundred were present. Above is often used elliptically as an adjective by omitting the word mentioned, quoted, or the like; as, the above observations, the above reference, the above articles. Ð Above is also used substantively. ½The waters that come down from above.¸ Josh. iii. 13. It is also used as the first part of a compound in the sense of before, previously; as, aboveÐcited, aboveÐdescribed, aboveÐmentioned, aboveÐnamed, abovesaid, abovespecified, aboveÐwritten, aboveÐgiven. AÏbove¶board· (#), adv. Above the board or table. Hence: in open sight; without trick, concealment, or deception. ½Fair and aboveboard.¸ Burke. µ This expression is said by Johnson to have been borrowed from gamesters, who, when they change their cards, put their hands under the table. AÏbove¶Ðcit·ed (#), a. Cited before, in the preceding part of a book or writing. AÏbove¶deck· (#), a. On deck; and hence, like aboveboard, without artifice. Smart. AÏbove¶Ðmen·tioned (#), AÏbove¶Ðnamed· (#), a. AÏbove¶Ðnamed· (#), a. Mentioned or named before; aforesaid. AÏbove¶said· (#), a. Mentioned or recited before. AÏbox¶ (#), adv. & a. (Naut.) Braced aback. Ab·raÏcaÏdab¶ra (#), n. [L. Of unknown origin.] A mystical word or collocation of letters written as in the figure. Worn on an amulet it was supposed to ward off fever. At present the word is used chiefly in jest to denote something without meaning; jargon. AbÏra¶dant (#), n. A material used for grinding, as emery, sand, powdered glass, etc. AbÏrade¶ (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Abraded; p. pr. & vb. n. Abrading.] [L. abradere, abrasum, to scrape off; ab + radere to scrape. See Rase, Raze.] To rub or wear off; to waste or wear away by friction; as, to abrade rocks. Lyell. AÏbrade¶ (#), v. t. Same as Abraid. [Obs.] A·braÏham¶ic (#), a. Pertaining to Abraham, the patriarch; as, the Abrachamic covenant. A·braÏhamÏit¶ic, ÏicÏal (#), a. Relating to the patriarch Abraham. A¶braÏhamÐman· (#) or A¶bramÐman· (#), n. [Possibly in allusion to the parable of the beggar Lazarus in Luke xvi. Murray (New Eng. Dict.).] One of a set of vagabonds who formerly roamed through England, feigning lunacy for the sake of obtaining alms. Nares. To sham Abraham, to feign sickness. Goldsmith. AÏbraid¶ (#), v. t. & i. [OE. abraiden, to awake, draw (a sword), AS. ¾bredgan to shake, draw; pref. ¾Ï (cf. Goth. usÏ, Ger. erÏ, orig. meaning out) + bregdan to shake, throw. See Braid.] To awake; to arouse; to stir or start up; also, to shout out. [Obs.] Chaucer. AÏbran¶chiÏal (#), a. (Zo”l.) Abranchiate. Ø AÏbran·chiÏa¶ta (#), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. ? priv. + ?, pl., the gills of fishes.] (Zo”l.) A group of annelids, so called because the species composing it have no special organs of respiration. AÏbran¶chiÏate (#), a. (Zo”l.) Without gills. AbÏrase¶ (#), a. [L. abrasus, p. p. of abradere. See Abrade.] Rubbed smooth. [Obs.] ½An abrase table.¸ B. Jonson. AbÏra¶sion (#), n. [L. abrasio, fr. abradere. See Abrade.] 1. The act of abrading, wearing, or rubbing off; the wearing away by friction; as, the abrasion of coins. 2. The substance rubbed off. Berkeley. 3. (Med.) A superficial excoriation, with loss of substance under the form of small shreds. Dunglison. AbÏra¶sive (#), a. Producing abrasion. Ure. AÏbraum¶ or AÏbraum¶ salts (#), n. [Ger., fr. abr„umen to remove.] A red ocher used to darken mahogany and for making chloride of potassium. Ø AÏbrax¶as (#), n. [A name adopted by the Egyptian Gnostic Basilides, containing the Greek letters <a>, <b>, <r>, <a>, <x>, <a>, <s>, which, as numerals, amounted to 365. It was used to signify the supreme deity as ruler of the 365 heavens of his system.] A mystical word used as a charm and engraved on gems among the ancients; also, a gem stone thus engraved. AÏbray¶ (#), v. [A false form from the preterit abraid, abrayde.] See Abraid. [Obs.] Spenser. AÏbreast¶ (#), adv. [Pref. aÏ + breast.] 1. Side by side, with breasts in a line; as, ½Two men could hardly walk abreast.¸ Macaulay. 2. (Naut.) Side by side; also, opposite; over against; on a line with the vessel's beam; Ð with of. 3. Up to a certain level or line; equally advanced; as, to keep abreast of [or with] the present state of science. 4. At the same time; simultaneously. [Obs.] Abreast therewith began a convocation. Fuller. AÏbreg¶ge (#), v. t. See Abridge. [Obs.] Ab·reÏnounce¶ (#), v. t. [L. abrenuntiare; ab + renuntiare. See Renounce.] To renounce. [Obs.] ½They abrenounce and cast them off.¸ Latimer. Ab·reÏnun·ciÏa¶tion (#), n. [LL. abrenuntiatio. See Abrenounce.] Absolute renunciation or repudiation. [Obs.] An abrenunciation of that truth which he so long had professed, and still believed. Fuller. AbÏrep¶tion (#), n. [L. abreptus, p. p. of abripere to snatch away; ab + rapere to snatch.] A snatching away. [Obs.] Ø A·breu·voir¶ (#), n. [F., a watering place.] (Masonry) The joint or interstice between stones, to be filled with mortar. Gwilt. A¶briÏcock (#), n. See Apricot. [Obs.] AÏbridge¶ (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Abridged (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Abridging.] [OE. abregen, OF. abregier, F. abr‚ger, fr. L. abbreviare; ad + brevis short. See Brief and cf. Abbreviate.] 1. To make shorter; to shorten in duration; to lessen; to diminish; to curtail; as, to abridge labor; to abridge power or rights. ½The bridegroom... abridged his visit.¸ Smollett. She retired herself to Sebaste, and abridged her train from state to necessity. Fuller. 2. To shorten or contract by using fewer words, yet retaining the sense; to epitomize; to condense; as, to abridge a history or dictionary. 3. To deprive; to cut off; Ð followed by of, and formerly by from; as, to abridge one of his rights. AÏbridg¶er (#), n. One who abridges. AÏbridg¶ment (#), n. [OE. abregement. See Abridge.] 1. The act abridging, or the state of being abridged; diminution; lessening; reduction or deprivation; as, an abridgment of pleasures or of expenses. 2. An epitome or compend, as of a book; a shortened or abridged form; an abbreviation. Ancient coins as abridgments of history. Addison. 3. That which abridges or cuts short; hence, an entertainment that makes the time pass quickly. [Obs.] What abridgment have you for this evening? What mask? What music? Shak. Syn. Ð Abridgment, Compendium, Epitome, Abstract, Synopsis. An abridgment is made by omitting the less important parts of some larger work; as, an abridgment of a dictionary. A compendium is a brief exhibition of a subject, or science, for common use; as, a compendium of American literature. An epitome corresponds to a compendium, and gives briefly the most material points of a subject; as, an epitome of history. An abstract is a brief statement of a thing in its main points. A synopsis is a bird'sÐeye view of a subject, or work, in its several parts. AÏbroach¶ (#), v. t. [OE. abrochen, OF. abrochier. See Broach.] To set abroach; to let out, as liquor; to broach; to tap. [Obs.] Chaucer. AÏbroach¶, adv. [Pref. aÏ + broach.] 1. Broached; in a condition for letting out or yielding liquor, as a cask which is tapped. Hogsheads of ale were set abroach. Sir W. Scott. 2. Hence: In a state to be diffused or propagated; afoot; astir. ½Mischiefs that I set abroach.¸ Shak. AÏbroad¶ (#), adv. [Pref. aÏ + broad.] 1. At large; widely; broadly; over a wide space; as, a tree spreads its branches abroad. The fox roams far abroad. Prior. 2. Without a certain confine; outside the house; away from one's abode; as, to walk abroad. I went to St. James', where another was preaching in the court abroad. Evelyn. 3. Beyond the bounds of a country; in foreign countries; as, we have broils at home and enemies abroad. ½Another prince... was living abroad.¸ Macaulay. 4. Before the public at large; throughout society or the world; here and there; widely. He went out, and began to publish it much, and to blaze abroad the matter. Mark i. 45. To be abroad. (a) To be wide of the mark; to be at fault; as, you are all abroad in your guess. (b) To be at a loss or nonplused. Ab¶roÏgaÏble (#), a. Capable of being abrogated. Ab¶roÏgate (#), a. [L. abrogatus, p. p.] Abrogated; abolished. [Obs. or R.] Latimer. Ab¶roÏgate (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Abrogated; p. pr. & vb. n. Abrogating.] [L. abrogatus, p. p. of abrogare; ab + rogare to ask, require, propose. See Rogation.] 1. To annul by an authoritative act; to abolish by the authority of the maker or his successor; to repeal; Ð applied to the repeal of laws, decrees, ordinances, the abolition of customs, etc. Let us see whether the New Testament abrogates what we so frequently see in the Old. South. Whose laws, like those of the Medes and Persian, they can not alter or abrogate. Burke. 2. To put an end to; to do away with. Shak. Syn. Ð To abolish; annul; do away; set aside; revoke; repeal; cancel; annihilate. See Abolish. Ab·roÏga¶tion (#), n. [L. abrogatio, fr. abrogare: cf. F. abrogation.] The act of abrogating; repeal by authority. Hume. Ab¶roÏgaÏtive (#), a. Tending or designed to abrogate; as, an abrogative law. Ab¶roÏga·tor (#), n. One who repeals by authority. AÏbrood¶ (#), adv. [Pref. aÏ + brood.] In the act of brooding. [Obs.] Abp. Sancroft. AÏbrook¶ (#), v. t. [Pref. aÏ + brook, v.] To brook; to endure. [Obs.] Shak. AbÏrupt¶ (#), a. [L. abruptus, p. p. of abrumpere to break off; ab + rumpere to break. See Rupture.] 1. Broken off; very steep, or craggy, as rocks, precipices, banks; precipitous; steep; as, abrupt places. ½Tumbling through ricks abrupt,¸ Thomson. 2. Without notice to prepare the mind for the event; sudden; hasty; unceremonious. ½The cause of your abrupt departure.¸ Shak. 3. Having sudden transitions from one subject to another; unconnected. The abrupt style, which hath many breaches. B. Jonson.

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