Chapter XXII: Part 22

2. To utter precipitately; to blurt or throw out. I hate when Vice can bolt her arguments. Milton. 3. To swallow without chewing; as, to bolt food. 4. (U. S. Politics) To refuse to support, as a nomination made by a party to which one has belonged or by a caucus in which one has taken part. 5. (Sporting) To cause to start or spring forth; to dislodge, as conies, rabbits, etc. 6. To fasten or secure with, or as with, a bolt or bolts, as a door, a timber, fetters; to shackle; to restrain. Let tenfold iron bolt my door. Langhorn. Which shackles accidents and bolts up change. Shak. Bolt (?), v. i. 1. To start forth like a bolt or arrow; to spring abruptly; to come or go suddenly; to dart; as, to bolt out of the room. This Puck seems but a dreaming dolt, ... And oft out of a bush doth bolt. Drayton. 2. To strike or fall suddenly like a bolt. His cloudless thunder bolted on their heads. Milton. 3. To spring suddenly aside, or out of the regular path; as, the horse bolted. 4. (U.S. Politics) To refuse to support a nomination made by a party or a caucus with which one has been connected; to break away from a party. Bolt, adv. In the manner of a bolt; suddenly; straight; unbendingly. [He] came bolt up against the heavy dragoon. Thackeray. Bolt upright. (a) Perfectly upright; perpendicular; straight up; unbendingly erect. Addison. (b) On the back at full length. [Obs.] Chaucer. Bolt, n. [From Bolt, v. i.] 1. A sudden spring or start; a sudden spring aside; as, the horse made a bolt. 2. A sudden flight, as to escape creditors. This gentleman was so hopelessly involved that he contemplated a bolt to America Ð or anywhere. Compton Reade. 3. (U. S. Politics) A refusal to support a nomination made by the party with which one has been connected; a breaking away from one's party. Bolt, v. t. [imp. & p.p. Bolted; p. pr. & vb. n. Bolting.] [OE. bolten, boulten, OF. buleter, F. bluter, fr. Ll. buletare, buratare, cf. F. bure coarse woolen stuff; fr. L. burrus red. See Borrel, and cf. Bultel.] 1. To sift or separate the coarser from the finer particles of, as bran from flour, by means of a bolter; to separate, assort, refine, or purify by other means. He now had bolted all the flour. Spenser. Ill schooled in bolted language. Shak. 2. To separate, as if by sifting or bolting; Ð with out. Time and nature will bolt out the truth of things. L'Estrange. 3. (Law) To discuss or argue privately, and for practice, as cases at law. Jacob. To bolt to the bran, to examine thoroughly, so as to separate or discover everything important. Chaucer. This bolts the matter fairly to the bran. Harte. The report of the committee was examined and sifted and bolted to the bran. Burke. Bolt, n. A sieve, esp. a long fine sieve used in milling for bolting flour and meal; a bolter. B. Jonson. Bol¶tel (?), n. See Boultel. Bolt¶er (?), n. One who bolts; esp.: (a) A horse which starts suddenly aside. (b) A man who breaks away from his party. Bolt¶er, n. 1. One who sifts flour or meal. 2. An instrument or machine for separating bran from flour, or the coarser part of meal from the finer; a sieve. Bolt¶er, n. A kind of fishing line. See Boulter. Bolt¶head· (?), n. 1. (Chem.) A long, straightnecked, glass vessel for chemical distillations; Ð called also a matrass or receiver. 2. The head of a bolt. Bolt¶ing, n. A darting away; a starting off or aside. Bolt¶ing, n. 1. A sifting, as of flour or meal. 2. (Law) A private arguing of cases for practice by students, as in the Inns of Court. [Obs.] Bolting cloth, wire, hair, silk, or other sieve cloth of different degrees of fineness; Ð used by millers for sifting flour. McElrath. Ð Bolting hutch, a bin or tub for the bolted flour or meal; (fig.) a receptacle. Bol¶tonÏite (?), n. (Min.) A granular mineral of a grayish or yellowish color, found in Bolton, Massachusetts. It is a silicate of magnesium, belonging to the chrysolite family. Bolt¶rope· (?), n. (Naut.) A rope stitched to the edges of a sail to strengthen the sail. Bolt¶sprit· (?), n. [A corruption of bowsprit.] (Naut.) See Bowsprit. Bol¶ty (?), n. (Zo”l.) An edible fish of the Nile (genus Chromis). [Written also bulti.] Bo¶lus (?), n.; pl. Boluses (?). [L. bolus bit, morsel; cf. G. ? lump of earth. See Bole, n., clay.] A rounded mass of anything, esp. a large pill. Bom (?), n. (Zo”l.) A large American serpent, so called from the sound it makes. Bomb (?), n. [F. bombe bombshell, fr. L. bombus a humming or buzzing noise, Gr. ?.] 1. A great noise; a hollow sound. [Obs.] A pillar of iron ... which if you had struck, would make ... a great bomb in the chamber beneath. Bacon. 2. (Mil.) A shell; esp. a spherical shell, like those fired from mortars. See Shell. 3. A bomb ketch. Bomb chest (Mil.), a chest filled with bombs, or only with gunpowder, placed under ground, to cause destruction by its explosion. Ð Bomb ketch, Bomb vessel (Naut.), a small ketch or vessel, very strongly built, on which mortars are mounted to be used in naval bombardments; Ð called also mortar vessel. Ð Bomb lance, a lance or harpoon with an explosive head, used in whale fishing. Ð Volcanic bomb, a mass of lava of a spherical or pear shape. ½I noticed volcanic bombs.¸ Darwin. Bomb, v. t. To bombard. [Obs.] Prior. Bomb, v. i. [Cf. Boom.] To sound; to boom; to make a humming or buzzing sound. [Obs.] B. Jonson. Bom¶bace (?), n. [OF.] Cotton; padding. [Obs.] Bom¶bard (?), n. [F. bombarde, LL. bombarda, fr. L. bombus + Ïard. Cf. Bumper, and see Bomb.] 1. (Gun.) A piece of heavy ordnance formerly used for throwing stones and other ponderous missiles. It was the earliest kind of cannon. They planted in divers places twelve great bombards, wherewith they threw huge stones into the air, which, falling down into the city, might break down the houses. Knolles. 2. A bombardment. [Poetic & R.] J. Barlow. 3. A large drinking vessel or can, or a leather bottle, for carrying liquor or beer. [Obs.] Yond same black cloud, yond huge one, looks like a foul bombard that would shed his liquor. Shak. 4. pl. Padded breeches. [Obs.] Bombard phrase, inflated language; bombast. [Obs.] B. Jonson. Bom¶bard (?), n. [OE. bombarde, fr. F. bombarde.] (Mus.) See Bombardo. [Obs.] BomÏbard¶ (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Bombarded; p. pr. & vb. n. Bombarding.] To attack with bombards or with artillery; especially, to throw shells, hot shot, etc., at or into. Next, she means to bombard Naples. Burke. His fleet bombarded and burnt down Dieppe. Wood. Bom·barÏdier¶ (?), n. [F. bombardier.] (Mil.) (a) One who used or managed a bombard; an artilleryman; a gunner. [Archaic] (b) A noncommissioned officer in the British artillery. Bombardier beetle (Zo”l.), a kind of beetle (Brachinus crepitans), so called because, when disturbed, it makes an explosive discharge of a pungent and acrid vapor from its anal glands. The name is applied to other related species, as the B. displosor, which can produce ten or twelve explosions successively. The common American species is B. fumans. Bom¶bardÏman (?), n. One who carried liquor or beer in a can or bombard. [Obs.] They ... made room for a bombardman that brought bouge for a country lady. B. Jonson. BomÏbard¶ment (?), n. [F. bombardement.] An attack upon a fortress or fortified town, with shells, hot shot, rockets, etc.; the act of throwing bombs and shot into a town or fortified place. Ø BomÏbar¶do (?), BomÏbar¶don (?), } n. [It. bombardo.] (Mus.) Originally, a deepÐtoned instrument of the oboe or bassoon family; thence, a bass reed stop on the organ. The name bombardon is now given to a brass instrument, the lowest of a saxhorns, in tone resembling the ophicleide. Grove. Bom·baÏsine¶ (?), n. Same as Bombazine. Bom¶bast (?), n. [OF. bombace cotton, LL. bombax cotton, bombasium a doublet of cotton; hence, padding, wadding, fustian. See Bombazine.] 1. Originally, cotton, or cotton wool. [Obs.] A candle with a wick of bombast. Lupton. 2. Cotton, or any soft, fibrous material, used as stuffing for garments; stuffing; padding. [Obs.] How now, my sweet creature of bombast! Shak. Doublets, stuffed with four, five, or six pounds of bombast at least. Stubbes. 3. Fig.: HighÐsounding words; an inflated style; language above the dignity of the occasion; fustian. Yet noisy bombast carefully avoid. Dryden. Bom¶bast, a. HighÐsounding; inflated; big without meaning; magniloquent; bombastic. [He] evades them with a bombast circumstance, Horribly stuffed with epithets of war. Shak. Nor a tall metaphor in bombast way. Cowley. BomÏbast¶ (?), v. t. To swell or fill out; to pad; to inflate. [Obs.] Not bombasted with words vain ticklish ears to feed. Drayton. BomÏbas¶tic (?), BomÏbas¶ticÏal (?), a. Characterized by bombast; highsounding; inflated. Ð BomÏbas¶ticÏalÏly, adv. A theatrical, bombastic, windy phraseology. Burke. Syn. Ð Turgid; tumid; pompous; grandiloquent. Bom¶bastÏry (?), n. Swelling words without much meaning; bombastic language; fustian. Bombastry and buffoonery, by nature lofty and light, soar highest of all. Swift. Ø Bom¶bax (?), n. [LL., cotton. See Bombast, n.] (Bot.) A genus of trees, called also the silkcotton tree; also, a tree of the genus Bombax. Bom·baÏzet¶ Bom·baÏzette¶ } (?), n. [Cf. Bombazine.] A sort of thin woolen cloth. It is of various colors, and may be plain or twilled. Bom·baÏzine¶ (?), n. [F. bombasin, LL. bombacinium, bambacinium, L. bombycinus silken, bombycinum a silk or cotton texture, fr. bombyx silk, silkworm, Gr. ?. Cf. Bombast, Bombycinous.] A twilled fabric for dresses, of which the warp is silk, and the weft worsted. Black bombazine has been much used for mourning garments. [Sometimes spelt bombasin, and bombasine.] Tomlinson. Bom¶bic (?), a. [L. bombyx silk, silkworm: cf. F. bombique.] Pertaining to, or obtained from, the silkworm; as, bombic acid. Bom¶biÏlate (?), v. i. [LL. bombilare, for L. bombitare. See Bomb, n.] To hum; to buzz. [R.] Bom·biÏla¶tion (?), n. A humming sound; a booming. To ... silence the bombilation of guns. Sir T. Browne. Bom¶biÏnate (?), v. i. To hum; to boom. Bom·biÏna¶tion (?), n. A humming or buzzing. Bom¶boÏlo (?), n.; pl. Bomboloes (?). [Cf. It bombola a pitcher.] A thin spheroidal glass retort or flask, used in the sublimation of camphor. [Written also bumbelo, and bumbolo.] Bomb¶proof· (?), a. Secure against the explosive force of bombs. Ð n. A structure which heavy shot and shell will not penetrate. Bomb¶shell· (?), n. A bomb. See Bomb, n. BomÏby¶cid (?), a. (Zo”l.) Like or pertaining to the genus Bombyx, or the family Bombycid‘. BomÏbyc¶iÏnous (?), a. [L. bombycinus. See Bombazine.] 1. Silken; made of silk. [Obs.] Coles. 2. Being of the color of the silkworm; transparent with a yellow tint. E. Darwin. BomÏbyl¶iÏous (?), a. [L. bombylius a bumblebee, Gr. ?.] Buzzing, like a bumblebee; as, the bombylious noise of the horse fly. [Obs.] Derham. Ø Bom¶byx (?), n. [L., silkworm. See Bombazine.] (Zo”l.) A genus of moths, which includes the silkworm moth. See Silkworm. Ø Bon (?), a. [F., fr. L. bonus.] Good; valid as security for something. BonÐacÏcord¶ (?), n. Good will; good fellowship; agreement. [Scot.] Ø Bo¶na fi¶de (?). [L.] In or with good faith; without fraud or deceit; real or really; actual or actually; genuine or genuinely; as, you must proceed bona fide; a bona fide purchaser or transaction. BoÏnair¶ (?), a. [OE., also bonere, OF. bonnaire, Cotgr., abbrev. of debonnaire. See Debonair.] Gentle; courteous; complaisant; yielding. [Obs.] BoÏnan¶za (?), n. [Sp., prop. calm., fair weather, prosperity, fr. L. bonus good.] In mining, a rich mine or vein of silver or gold; hence, anything which is a mine of wealth or yields a large income. [Colloq. U. S.] Bo·naÏpart¶eÏan (?), a. Of or pertaining to Napoleon Bonaparte or his family. Bo¶naÏpart·ism (?), n. The policy of Bonaparte or of the Bonapartes. Bo¶naÏpart·ist, n. One attached to the policy or family of Bonaparte, or of the Bonapartes. Ø Bo¶na per·iÏtu¶ra (?). [L.] (Law) Perishable goods. Bouvier. Ø Bo¶na ro¶ba (?). [It., prop. ½good stuff.¸] A showy wanton; a courtesan. Shak BoÏna¶sus (?), BoÏnas¶sus (?), n. [L. bonasus, Gr. ?, ?.] (Zo”l.) The aurochs or European bison. See Aurochs. Ø Bon¶bon· (?), n. [F. bonbon, fr. bon bon very good, a superlative by reduplication, fr. bon good.] Sugar confectionery; a sugarplum; hence, any dainty. Bonce (?), n. [Etymol. unknown.] A boy's game played with large marbles. Ø Bon·chr‚·tien¶ (?), n. [F., good Christian.] A name given to several kinds of pears. See Bartlett. Bon¶ciÏlate (?), n. [Empirical trade name.] A substance composed of ground bone, mineral matters, etc., hardened by pressure, and used for making billiard balls, boxes, etc. Bond (?), n. [The same word as band. Cf. Band, Bend.] 1. That which binds, ties, fastens,or confines, or by which anything is fastened or bound, as a cord, chain, etc.; a band; a ligament; a shackle or a manacle. Gnawing with my teeth my bonds in sunder, I gained my freedom. Shak. 2. pl. The state of being bound; imprisonment; captivity, restraint. ½This man doeth nothing worthy of death or of bonds.¸ Acts xxvi. 3. A binding force or influence; a cause of union; a uniting tie; as, the bonds of fellowship. A people with whom I have no tie but the common bond of mankind. Burke. 4. Moral or political duty or obligation. I love your majesty According to my bond, nor more nor less. Shak. 5. (Law) A writing under seal, by which a person binds himself, his heirs, executors, and administrators, to pay a certain sum on or before a future day appointed. This is a single bond. But usually a condition is added, that, if the obligor shall do a certain act, appear at a certain place, conform to certain rules, faithfully perform certain duties, or pay a certain sum of money, on or before a time specified, the obligation shall be void; otherwise it shall remain in full force. If the condition is not performed, the bond becomes forfeited, and the obligor and his heirs are liable to the payment of the whole sum. Bouvier. Wharton. 6. An instrument (of the nature of the ordinary legal bond) made by a government or a corporation for purpose of borrowing money; as, a government, city, or railway bond. 7. The state of goods placed in a bonded warehouse till the duties are paid; as, merchandise in bond. 8. (Arch.) The union or tie of the several stones or bricks forming a wall. The bricks may be arranged for this purpose in several different ways, as in English or block bond (Fig. 1), where one course consists of bricks with their ends toward the face of the wall, called headers, and the next course of bricks with their lengths parallel to the face of the wall, called stretchers; Flemish bond (Fig.2), where each course consists of headers and stretchers alternately, so laid as always to break joints; Cross bond, which differs from the English by the change of the second stretcher line so that its joints come in the middle of the first, and the same position of stretchers comes back every fifth line; Combined cross and English bond, where the inner part of the wall is laid in the one method, the outer in the other.

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9. (Chem.) A unit of chemical attraction; s, oxygen has two bonds of affinity. It is often represented in graphic formul‘ by a short line or dash. See Diagram of Benzene nucleus, and Valence. Arbitration bond. See under Arbitration. Ð Bond crediter (Law), a creditor whose debt is secured by a bond. Blackstone. Ð Bond debt (Law), a debt contracted under the obligation of a bond. Burrows. Ð Bond (or lap) of a slate, the distance between the top of one slate and the bottom or drip of the second slate above, i. e., the space which is covered with three thicknesses; also, the distance between the nail of the under slate and the lower edge of the upper slate. Ð Bond timber, timber worked into a wall to tie or strengthen it longitudinally. Syn. Ð Chains; fetters; captivity; imprisonment. Bond (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Bonded; p. pr. & vb. n. Bonding.] 1. To place under the conditions of a bond; to mortgage; to secure the payment of the duties on (goods or merchandise) by giving a bond. 2. (Arch.) To dispose in building, as the materials of a wall, so as to secure solidity. Bond, n. [OE. bond, bonde, peasant, serf, AS. bonda, bunda, husband, bouseholder, from Icel. b?ndi husbandman, for b?andi, fr. b?a to dwell. See Boor, Husband.] A xassal or serf; a slave. [Obs. or Archaic] Bond, a. In a state of servitude or slavery; captive. By one Spirit are we all baptized .. whether we be Jews or Bentiles, whether we be bond or free. 1 Cor. xii. 13. Bond¶age (?), n. [LL. bondagium. See Bond, a.] 1. The state of being bound; condition of being under restraint; restraint of personal liberty by compulsion; involuntary servitude; slavery; captivity. The King, when he designed you for my guard, Resolved he would not make my bondage hard. Dryden. 2. Obligation; tie of duty. He must resolve by no means to be ... brought under the bondage of onserving oaths. South. 3. (Old Eng. Law) Villenage; tenure of land on condition of doing the meanest services for the owner. Syn. Ð Thralldom; bond service; imprisonment. Bond¶aÏger (?), n. A field worker, esp. a woman who works in the field. [Scot.] Ø Bon¶dar (?), n. [Native name.] (Zo”l.) A small quadruped of Bengal (Paradoxurus bondar), allied to the genet; Ð called also musk cat. Bond¶ed (?), a. Placed under, or covered by, a bond, as for the payment of duties, or for conformity to coertain regulations. Bonded goods, goods placed in a bonded warehouse; goods, for the duties on which bonds are given at the customhouse. Ð Bonded warehouse, a warehouse in which goods on which the duties are unpaid are stored under bond and in the joint custody of the importer, or his agent, and the customs officers. Bond¶er (?), n. 1. One who places goods under bond or in a bonded warehouse. 2. (Masonry) A bonding stone or brick; a bondstone. Bond¶er, n. [Norwegian bonde.] A freeholder on a small scale. [Norway] Emerson. Bond¶hold·er (?), n. A person who holds the bonds of a public or private corporation for the payment of money at a certain time. Bond¶maid· (?), n. [Bond, a. or n. + maid.] A female slave, or one bound to service without wages, as distinguished from a hired servant. Bond¶man (?), n.; pl. Bondmen (?). [Bond, a. or n. + man.] 1. A man slave, or one bound to service without wages. ½To enfranchise bondmen.¸ Macaulay. 2. (Old Eng. Law) A villain, or tenant in villenage. Bond¶ serv·ant (?). A slave; one who is bound to service without wages. If thy brother ... be waxen poor, and be sold unto thee; thou shalt not compel him to serve as a bond servant: but as an hired servant. Lev. xxv. 39, 40. Bond¶ serv·ice (?). The condition of a bond servant; sevice without wages; slavery. Their children ... upon those did Solomon levy a tribute of bond service. 1 Kings ix. 21. Bond¶slave· (?), n. A person in a state of slavery; one whose person and liberty are subjected to the authority of a master. Bonds¶man (?), n.; pl. Bondsmen . [Bond, a. or n. + man.] 1. A slave; a villain; a serf; a bondman. Carnal, greedy people, without such a precept, would have no mercy upon their poor bondsmen. Derham. 2. (Law) A surety; one who is bound, or who gives security, for another. Bond¶stone· (?), n. [Bond, n. + stone.] (Masonry) A stone running through a wall from one face to another, to bind it together; a binding stone. Bonds¶wom·an (?), n. See Bondwoman. Ø Bon¶duc (?), n. [F. bonduc, fr. Ar. bunduq hazel nut, filbert nut.] (Bot.) See Nicker tree. Bond¶wom·an (?), n.; pl. Bondwomen (?). [Bond, a. or n. + woman.] A woman who is a slave, or in bondage. He who was of the bondwoman. Gal. iv. 23. Bone (?), n. [OE. bon, ban, AS. b¾n; akin to Icel. bein, Sw. ben, Dan. & D. been, G. bein bone, leg; cf. Icel. beinn straight.] 1. (Anat.) The hard, calcified tissue of the skeleton of vertebrate animals, consisting very largely of calcic carbonate, calcic phosphate, and gelatine; as, blood and bone. µ Even in the hardest parts of bone there are many minute cavities containing living matter and connected by minute canals, some of which connect with larger canals through which blood vessels ramify. 2. One of the pieces or parts of an animal skeleton; as, a rib or a thigh bone; a bone of the arm or leg; also, any fragment of bony substance. (pl.) The frame or skeleton of the body. 3. Anything made of bone, as a bobbin for weaving bone lace. 4. pl. Two or four pieces of bone held between the fingers and struck together to make a kind of music. 5. pl. Dice. 6. Whalebone; hence, a piece of whalebone or of steel for a corset. 7. Fig.: The framework of anything. A bone of contention, a subject of contention or dispute. Ð A bone to pick, something to investigate, or to busy one's self about; a dispute to be settled (with some one). Ð Bone ash, the residue from calcined bones; Ð used for making cupels, and for cleaning jewelry. Ð Bone black (Chem.), the black, carbonaceous substance into which bones are converted by calcination in close vessels; Ð called also animal charcoal. It is used as a decolorizing material in filtering sirups, extracts, etc., and as a black pigment. See Ivory black, under Black. Ð Bone cave, a cave in which are found bones of extinct or recent animals, mingled sometimes with the works and bones of man. Am. Cyc. Ð Bone dust, ground or pulverized bones, used as a fertilizer. Ð Bone earth (Chem.), the earthy residuum after the calcination of bone, consisting chiefly of phosphate of calcium. Ð Bone lace, a lace made of linen thread, so called because woven with bobbins of bone. Ð Bone oil, an oil obtained by, heating bones (as in the manufacture of bone black), and remarkable for containing the nitrogenous bases, pyridine and quinoline, and their derivatives; Ð also called Dippel's oil. Ð Bone setter. Same as Bonesetter. See in the Vocabulary. Ð Bone shark (Zo”l.), the basking shark. Ð Bone spavin. See under Spavin. Ð Bone turquoise, fossil bone or tooth of a delicate blue color, sometimes used as an imitation of true turquoise. Ð Bone whale (Zo”l.), a right whale. Ð To be upon the bones of, to attack. [Obs.] Ð To make no bones, to make no scruple; not to hesitate. [Low] Ð To pick a bone with, to quarrel with, as dogs quarrel over a bone; to settle a disagreement. [Colloq.] Bone (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Boned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Boning.] 1. To withdraw bones from the flesh of, as in cookery. ½To bone a turkey.¸ Soyer. 2. To put whalebone into; as, to bone stays. Ash. 3. To fertilize with bone. 4. To steal; to take possession of. [Slang] Bone, v. t. [F. bornoyer to look at with one eye, to sight, fr. borgne oneÐeyed.] To sight along an object or set of objects, to see if it or they be level or in line, as in carpentry, masonry, and surveying. Knight. Joiners, etc., bone their work with two straight edges. W. M. Buchanan. Bone¶ache· (?), n. Pain in the bones. Shak. Bone¶black· (?), n. See Bone black, under Bone, n. Boned (?), a. 1. Having (such) bones; Ð used in composition; as, bigÐboned; strongÐboned. No bigÐboned men framed of the Cyclops' size. Shak. 2. Deprived of bones; as, boned turkey or codfish. 3. Manured with bone; as, boned land. Bone¶dog· (?), n. (Zo”l.) The spiny dogfish. Bone¶fish· (?), n. (Zo”l.) See Ladyfish. Bone¶less, a. Without bones. ½Boneless gums.¸ Shak. Bone¶set· (?), n. (Bot.) A medicinal plant, the thoroughwort (Eupatorium perfoliatum). Its properties are diaphoretic and tonic. Bone¶setÏter (?), n. One who sets broken or dislocated bones; Ð commonly applied to one, not a regular surgeon, who makes an occupation of setting bones. Ð Bone¶setÏting, n. Bone¶shaw (?), n. (Med.) Sciatica. [Obs.] BoÏnet¶ta (?), n. See Bonito. Sir T. Herbert. Bon¶fire· (?), n. [OE. bonefire, banefire, orig. a fire of bones; bone + fire; but cf. also Prov. E. bun a dry stalk.] A large fire built in the open air, as an expression of public joy and exultation, or for amusement. Full soon by bonfire and by bell, We learnt our liege was passing well. Gay. Bon¶grace· (?), n. [F. bon good + grƒce grace, charm.] A projecting bonnet or shade to protect the complexion; also, a wideÐbrimmed hat. [Obs.] Ø Bon·hoÏmie¶, Ø Bon·homÏmie¶ (?), n. [F.] good nature; pleasant and easy manner. Bon¶iÏbell (?), n. See Bonnibel. [Obs.] Spenser. Bon¶iÏface (?), n. [From the sleek, jolly landlord in Farquhar's comedy of ½The Beaux' Stratagem.¸] An innkeeper. Bon¶iÏform (?), a. [L. bonus good + Ïform.] Sensitive or responsive to moral excellence. Dr. H. More. Bon¶iÏfy (?), v. t. [L. bonus good + Ïfy: cf. F. bonifier.] To convert into, or make, good. To bonify evils, or tincture them with good. Cudworth. Bon¶iÏness (?), n. The condition or quality of being bony. Bon¶ing, n. [Senses 1 and 2 fr. 1st Bone, sense 3 fr. 3d Bone.] 1. The clearing of bones from fish or meat. 2. The manuring of land with bones. 3. A method of leveling a line or surface by sighting along the tops of two or more straight edges, or a range of properly spaced poles. See 3d Bone, v. t. Bon¶iÏtaÏry (?), a. Beneficial, as opposed to statutory or civil; as, bonitary dominion of land. BoÏni¶to (?), n.; pl. Bonitoes (?). [Sp. & Pg. bonito, fr. Ar. bainÆt and bainÆth.] [Often incorrectly written bonita.] (Zo”l.) 1. A large tropical fish (Orcynus pelamys) allied to the tunny. It is about three feet long, blue above, with four brown stripes on the sides. It is sometimes found on the American coast. 2. The skipjack (Sarda Mediterranea) of the Atlantic, an important and abundant food fish on the coast of the United States, and (S. Chilensis) of the Pacific, and other related species. They are large and active fishes, of a blue color with black oblique stripes. 3. The medregal (Seriola fasciata), an edible fish of the southern of the United States and the West Indies. 4. The cobia or crab eater (Elacate canada), an edible fish of the Middle and Southern United States. Ø Bon¶mot· (?), n.; pl. Bonsmots (?). [ F. bon good + mot word.] A witty repartee; a jest. Ø Bonne (?), n. (F., prop. good woman.) A female servant charged with the care of a young child. Ø Bonne¶ bouche¶ (?); pl. Bonnes bouches (?). [F. bon, fem. bonne, good + bouche mouth.] A delicious morsel or mouthful; a tidbit. Bon¶net (?), n. [OE. bonet, OF. bonet, bonete. F. bonnet fr. LL. bonneta, bonetum; orig. the name of a stuff, and ? unknown origin.] 1. A headdress for men and boys; a cap. [Obs.] Milton. Shak. 2. A soft, ?, very durable cap, made of thick, seamless wool? stuff, and worn by men in Scotland. And ? and bonnets waving high. Sir W. Scott. 3. A covering for the head, worn by women, usually protecting more or less the back and sides of the head, but no part of the forehead. The shape of the bonnet varies greatly at different times; formerly the front part projected, and spread outward, like the mouth of a funnel. 4. Anything resembling a bonnet in shape or use; as, (a) (Fort.) A small defense work at a salient angle; or a part of a parapet elevated to screen the other part from enfilade fire. (b) A metallic canopy, or projection, over an opening, as a fireplace, or a cowl or hood to increase the draught of a chimney, etc. (c) A frame of wire netting over a locomotive chimney, to prevent escape of sparks. (d) A roofing over the cage of a mine, to protect its occupants from objects falling down the shaft. (e) In pumps, a metal covering for the openings in the valve chambers. 5. (Naut.) An additional piece of canvas la?ed to the foot of a jib or foresail in moderate winds. Hakluyt. 6. The second stomach of a ruminating animal. 7. An accomplice of a gambler, auctioneer, etc., who entices others to bet or to bid; a decoy. [Cant] Bonnet head (Zo”l.), a shark (Sphyrna tiburio) of the southern United States and West Indies. Ð Bonnet limpet (Zo”l.), a name given, from their shape, to various species of shells (family Calyptr‘id‘). Ð Bonnet monkey (Zo”l.), an East Indian monkey (Macacus sinicus), with a tuft of hair on its head; the munga. Ð Bonnet piece, a gold coin of the time of James V. of Scotland, the king's head o? which wears a bonnet. Sir W. Scott. Ð To have a bee in the bonnet. See under Bee. Ð Black bonnet. See under Black. Ð Blue bonnet. See in the Vocabulary. Bon¶net, v. i. To take off the bonnet or cap as a mark of respect; to uncover. [Obs.] Shak. Bon¶netÏed, a. 1. Wearing a bonnet. ½Bonneted and shawled.¸ Howitt. 2. (Fort.) Protected by a bonnet. See Bonnet, 4 (a). Bon¶netÏless, a. Without a bonnet. Bon¶niÏbel (?), n. [F. bonne et belle, good and beautiful. Cf. Bellibone.] A handsome girl. [Obs.] Bon¶nie (?), a. [Scot.] See Bonny, a. Bon¶niÏlass· (?), n. [Bonny + lass.] A ½bonny lass¸; a beautiful girl. [Obs.] Spenser. Bon¶niÏly, adv. Gayly; handsomely. Bon¶niÏness, n. The quality of being bonny; gayety? handsomeness. [R.] Bon¶ny (?), a. [Spelled bonnie by the Scotch.] [OE. boni, prob. fr. F. bon, fem. bonne, good, fr. L. bonus good. See Bounty, and cf. Bonus, Boon.] 1. Handsome; beautiful; pretty; attractively lively and graceful. Till bonny Susan sped across the plain. Gay. Far from the bonnie banks of Ayr. Burns. 2. Gay; merry; frolicsome; cheerful; blithe. Be you blithe and bonny. Shak. Report speaks you a bonny monk, that would hear the mati?chime ere he quitted his bowl. Sir W. Scott. Bon¶ny, n. (Mining) A round and compact bed of ore, or a distinct bed, not communicating with a vein. Bon¶nyÏclab·ber (?), n. [Ir. bainne, baine, milk + clabar mud, mire.] Coagulated sour milk; loppered milk; curdled milk; Ð sometimes called simply clabber. B. Jonson. Ø Bon¶ Si·lŠne¶ (?). [F.] (Bot.) A very fragrant tea rose with petals of various shades of pink. Bon¶spiel (?), n. [Scot.; of uncertain origin.] A cur?ing match between clubs. [Scot.] Ø Bon¶teÏbok (?), n. [D. bont a sort of skin or fur, prop. variegated + bok buck.] (Zo”l.) The pied antelope of South Africa (Alcelaphus pygarga). Its face and rum[ are white. Called also nunni. Ø Bon¶ ton¶ (?). [F., good tone, manner.] The height of the fashion; fashionable society. Bo¶nus (?), n.; pl. Bonuses (?). [L. bonus good. Cf. Bonny.] 1. (Law) A premium given for a loan, or for a charter or other privilege granted to a company; as the bank paid a bonus for its charter. Bouvier. 2. An extra dividend to the shareholders of a joint stock company, out of accumulated profits. 3. Money paid in addition to a stated compensation. Ø Bon¶ vi·vant¶ (?); pl. Bons vivants (?). [F. bon good + vivant, p. pr. of vivre to live.] A good fellow; a jovial companion; a free liver. Bon¶y (?), a. 1. Consisting of bone, or of bones; full of bones; pertaining to bones. 2. Having large or prominent bones. Bony fish (Zo”l.), the menhaden. Ð Bony pike (Zo”l.), the gar pike (Lepidosteus). Bon¶ze (?), n. [Pg. bonzo, fr. Japan bÓzu a Buddhist priest: cf. F. bonze.] A Buddhist or Fohist priest, monk, or nun. µ The name was given by the Portuguese to the priests of Japan, and has since been applied to the priests of China, Cochin China, and the neighboring countries. Boo¶by (?), n.; pl. Boobies (?). [Sp. bobe dunce, idiot; cf. L. balbus stammering, E. barbarous.] 1. A dunce; a stupid fellow. 2. (Zo”l.) (a) A swimming bird (Sula fiber or S. sula) related to the common gannet, and found in the West

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Indies, nesting on the bare rocks. It is so called on account of its apparent stupidity. The name is also sometimes applied to other species of gannets; as, S. piscator, the redÐfooted booby. (b) A species of penguin of the antarctic seas. Booby hatch (Naut.), a kind of wooden hood over a hatch, readily removable. Ð Booby hut, a carriage body put upon sleigh runners. [Local, U. S.] Bartlett. Ð Booby hutch, a clumsy covered carriage or seat, used in the eastern part of England. Forby. Ð Booby trap, a schoolboy's practical joke, as a shower bath when a door is opened. Boo¶by (?), a. Having the characteristics of a booby; stupid. Boo¶byÏish, a. Stupid; dull. Boodh (?), n. Same as Buddha. Malcom. Boodh¶ism (?), n. Same as Buddhism. Boodh¶ist, n. Same as Buddhist. Boo¶dle (?), n. [Origin un?tain.] 1. The whole collection or lot; caboodle. [Low, U. S.] Bartlett. 2. Money given in payment for votes or political influence; bribe money; swag. [Polit. slang, U. S.] Boo·hoe¶ (?), v. i. [imp. & p.p. Boohooed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Boohooing.] [An imitative word.] To bawl; to cry loudly. [Low] Bartlett. Boo¶hoo· (?), n. (Zo”l.) The sailfish; Ð called also woohoo. Book (?), n. [OE. book, bok, AS. b?c; akin to Goth. b?ka a letter, in pl. book, writing, Icel. b?k, Sw. bok, Dan. bog, OS. b?k, D. boek, OHG. puoh, G. buch; and fr. AS. b?c, b?ce, beech; because the ancient Saxons and Germans in general wrote runes on pieces of beechen board. Cf. Beech.] 1. A collection of sheets of paper, or similar material, blank, written, or printed, bound together; commonly, many folded and bound sheets containing continuous printing or writing. µ When blank, it is called a blank book. When printed, the term often distinguishes a bound volume, or a volume of some size, from a pamphlet. µ It has been held that, under the copyright law, a book is not necessarily a volume made of many sheets bound together; it may be printed on a single sheet, as music or a diagram of patterns. Abbott. 2. A composition, written or printed; a treatise. A good book is the precious life blood of a master spirit, embalmed and treasured up on purpose to a life beyond life. Milton. 3. A part or subdivision of a treatise or literary work; as, the tenth book of ½Paradise Lost.¸ 4. A volume or collection of sheets in which accounts are kept; a register of debts and credits, receipts and expenditures, etc. 5. Six tricks taken by one side, in the game of whist; in certain other games, two or more corresponding cards, forming a set. µ Book is used adjectively or as a part of many compounds; as, book buyer, bookrack, book club, book lore, book sale, book trade, memorandum book, cashbook. Book account, an account or register of debt or credit in a book. Ð Book debt, a debt for items charged to the debtor by the creditor in his book of accounts. Ð Book learning, learning acquired from books, as distinguished from practical knowledge. ½Neither does it so much require book learning and scholarship, as good natural sense, to distinguish true and false.¸ Burnet. Ð Book louse (Zo”l.), one of several species of minute, wingless insects injurious to books and papers. They belong to the Pseudoneuroptera. Ð Book moth (Zo”l.), the name of several species of moths, the larv‘ of which eat books. Ð Book oath, an oath made on The Book, or Bible. Ð The Book of Books, the Bible. Ð Book post, a system under which books, bulky manuscripts, etc., may be transmitted by mail. Ð Book scorpion (Zo”l.), one of the false scorpions (Chelifer cancroides) found among books and papers. It can run sidewise and backward, and feeds on small insects. Ð Book stall, a stand or stall, often in the open air, for retailing books. Ð Canonical books. See Canonical. Ð In one's books, in one's favor. ½I was so much in his books, that at his decease he left me his lamp.¸ Addison. Ð To bring to book. (a) To compel to give an account. (b) To compare with an admitted authority. ½To bring it manifestly to book is impossible.¸ M. Arnold. Ð To course by bell, book, and candle. See under Bell. Ð To make a book (Horse Racing), to lay bets (recorded in a pocket book) against the success of every horse, so that the bookmaker wins on all the unsuccessful horses and loses only on the winning horse or horses. Ð To speak by the book, to speak with minute exactness. Ð Without book. (a) By memory. (b) Without authority. Book, v. t. [imp. & p.p. Booked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Booking.] 1. To enter, write, or register in a book or list. Let it be booked with the rest of this day's deeds. Shak. 2. To enter the name of (any one) in a book for the purpose of securing a passage, conveyance, or seat; as, to be booked for Southampton; to book a seat in a theater. 3. To mark out for; to destine or assign for; as, he is booked for the valedictory. [Colloq.] Here I am booked for three days more in Paris. Charles Reade. Book¶bind·er (?), n. One whose occupation is to bind books. Book¶bind·erÏy (?), n. A bookbinder's shop; a place or establishment for binding books. Book¶bind·ing, n. The art, process, or business of binding books. Book¶case· (?), n. A case with shelves for holding books, esp. one with glazed doors. Book¶craft· (?), n. Authorship; literary skill. Booked (?), a. 1. Registered. 2. On the way; destined. [Colloq.] Book¶er (?), n. One who enters accounts or names, etc., in a book; a bookkeeper. Book¶ful (?), n. As much as will fill a book; a book full. Shak. Ð a. Filled with book learning. [R.] ½The bookful blockhead.¸ Pope. Book¶hold·er (?), n. 1. A prompter at a theater. [Obs.] Beau & Fl. 2. A support for a book, holding it open, while one reads or copies from it. Book¶ing clerk· (?). A clerk who registers passengers, baggage, etc., for conveyance, as by railway or steamship, or who sells passage tickets at a booking office. Book¶ing of·fice (?). 1. An office where passengers, baggage, etc., are registered for conveyance, as by railway or steamship. 2. An office where passage tickets are sold. [Eng.] Book¶ish, a. 1. Given to reading; fond of study; better acquainted with books than with men; learned from books. ½A bookish man.¸ Addison. ½Bookish skill.¸ Bp. Hall. 2. Characterized by a method of expression generally found in books; formal; labored; pedantic; as, a bookish way of talking; bookish sentences. Ð Book¶ishÏly, adv. Ð Book¶ishÏness, n. Book¶keep·er (?), n. One who keeps accounts; one who has the charge of keeping the books and accounts in an office. Book¶keep·ing, n. The art of recording pecuniary or business transactions in a regular and systematic manner, so as to show their relation to each other, and the state of the business in which they occur; the art of keeping accounts. The books commonly ? are a daybook, cashbook, journal, and ledger. See Daybook, Cashbook, Journal, and Ledger. Bookkeeping by single entry, the method of keeping books by carrying the record of each transaction to the debit or credit of a single account. Ð Bookkeeping by double entry, a mode of bookkeeping in which two entries of every transaction are carried to the ledger, one to the Dr., or left hand, side of one account, and the other to the Cr., or right hand, side of a corresponding account, in order tha? the one entry may check the other; Ð sometimes called, from the place of its origin, the Italian method. Book¶land· (?), Bock¶land· (?), n. [AS. b?cland; b?c book + land land.] (O. Eng. Law) Charter land held by deed under certain rents and free services, which differed in nothing from free socage lands. This species of tenure has given rise to the modern freeholds. Book¶Ðlearned· (?), a. Versed in books; having knowledge derived from books. [Often in a disparaging sense.] Whate'er these bookÐlearned blockheads say, Solon's the veriest fool in all the play. Dryden. Book¶less, a. Without books; unlearned. Shenstone. Book¶let (?), n. A little book. T. Arnold. Book¶mak·er (?), n. 1. One who writes and publishes books; especially, one who gathers his materials from other books; a compiler. 2. (Horse Racing) A betting man who ½makes a book.¸ See To make a book, under Book, n. Book¶man (?), n.; pl. Bookmen (?). A studious man; a scholar. Shak. Book¶mark· (?), n. Something placed in a book to guide in finding a particular page or passage; also, a label in a book to designate the owner; a bookplate. Book¶mate· (?), n. [Book + mate.] A schoolfellow; an associate in study. Book¶mon·ger (?), n. A dealer in books. Book¶ mus·lin (?). 1. A kind of muslin used for the covers of books. 2. A kind of thin white muslin for ladies' dresses. Book¶plate· (?), n. A label, placed upon or in a book, showing its ownership or its position in a library. Book¶sell·er (?), n. One who sells books. Book¶sell·ing (?), n. The employment of selling books. Book¶shelf· (?), n.; pl. Bookshelves (?). A shelf to hold books. Book¶shop· (?), n. A bookseller's shop. [Eng.] Book¶stall· (?), n. A stall or stand where books are sold. Book¶stand· (?), n. 1. A place or stand for the sale of books in the streets; a bookstall. 2. A stand to hold books for reading or reference. Book¶store· (?), n. A store where books are kept for sale; Ð called in England a bookseller's shop. Book¶work· (?), n. 1. Work done upon a book or books (as in a printing office), in distinction from newspaper or job work. 2. Study; application to books. Book¶worm· (?), n. 1. (Zo”l.) Any larva of a beetle or moth, which is injurious to books. Many species are known. 2. A student closely attached to books or addicted to study; a reader without appreciation. I wanted but a black gown and a salary to be as mere a bookworm as any there. Pope. Book¶y (?),a. Bookish. Boo¶ly (?), n.; pl. Boolies (?). [Ir. buachail cowherd; bo cow + giolla boy.] A company of Irish herdsmen, or a single herdsman, wandering from place to place with flocks and herds, and living on their milk, like the Tartars; also, a place in the mountain pastures inclosed for the shelter of cattle or their keepers. [Obs.] [Written also boley, bolye, bouillie.] Spenser. Boom (?), n. [D. boom tree, pole, beam, bar. See Beam.] 1. (Naut.) A long pole or spar, run out for the purpose of extending the bottom of a particular sail; as, the job boom, the studdingÏsail boom, etc. 2. (Mech.) A long spar or beam, projecting from the mast of a derrick, from the outer end of which the body to be lifted in suspended. 3. A pole with a conspicuous top, set up to mark the channel in a river or harbor. [Obs.] 4. (Mil. & Naval) A strong chain cable, or line of spars bound together, extended across a river or the mouth of a harbor, to obstruct navigation or passage. 5. (Lumbering) A line of connected floating timbers stretched across a river, or inclosing an area of water, to keep saw logs, etc., from floating away. Boom iron, one of the iron rings on the yards through which the studdingÐsail booms traverse. Ð The booms, that space on the upper deck of a ship between the foremast and mainmast, where the boats, spare spars, etc., are stowed. Totten. Boom (?), v. t. (Naut.) To extend, or push, with a boom or pole; as, to boom out a sail; to boom off a boat. Boom (?), v. i. [imp. & p.p. Boomed (?), p. pr. & vb. n. Booming.] [Of imitative origin; cf. OE. bommen to hum, D. bommen to drum, sound as an empty barrel, also W. bwmp a hollow sound; aderyn y bwmp, the bird of the hollow sound, i. e., the bittern. Cf. Bum, Bump, v. i., Bomb, v. i.] 1. To cry with a hollow note; to make a hollow sound, as the bittern, and some insects. At eve the beetle boometh Athwart the thicket lone. Tennyson. 2. To make a hollow sound, as of waves or cannon. Alarm guns booming through the night air. W. Irving. 3. To rush with violence and noise, as a ship under a press of sail, before a free wind. She comes booming down before it. Totten. 4. To have a rapid growth in market value or in popular favor; to go on rushingly. Boom, n. 1. A hollow roar, as of waves or cannon; also, the hollow cry of the bittern; a booming. 2. A strong and extensive advance, with more or less noisy excitement; Ð applied colloquially or humorously to market prices, the demand for stocks or commodities and to political chances of aspirants to office; as a boom in the stock market; a boom in coffee. [Colloq. U. S.] Boom, v. t. To cause to advance rapidly in price; as, to boom railroad or mining shares; to create a ½boom¸ for; as to boom Mr. C. for senator. [Colloq. U. S.] Ø Boom¶das (?), n. [D. boom tree + das badger.] (Zo”l.) A small African hyracoid mammal (Dendrohyrax arboreus) resembling the daman. Boom¶er (?), n. 1. One who, or that which, booms. 2. (Zo”l.) A North American rodent, so named because ? is said to make a booming noise. See Sewellel. 3. (Zo”l.) A large male kangaroo. 4. One who works up a ½boom¸. [Slang, U. S.] Boom¶erÏang (?), n. A very singular missile weapon used by the natives of Australia and in some parts of India. It is usually a curved stick of hard wood, from twenty to thirty inches in length, from two to three inches wide, and half or three quarters of an inch thick. When thrown from the hand with a quick rotary motion, it describes very remarkable curves, according to the shape of the instrument and the manner of throwing it, often moving nearly horizontally a long distance, then curving upward to a considerable height, and finally taking a retrograde direction, so as to fall near the place from which it was thrown, or even far in the rear of it. Boom¶ing, a. 1. Rushing with violence; swelling with a hollow sound; making a hollow sound or note; roaring; resounding. O'er the seaÐbeat ships the booming waters roar. Falcone. 2. Advancing or increasing amid noisy excitement; as, booming prices; booming popularity. [Colloq. U. S.] Boom¶ing, n. The act of producing a hollow or roaring sound; a violent rushing with heavy roar; as, the booming of the sea; a deep, h?llow sound; as, the booming of bitterns. Howitt. Boom¶kin (?), n. (Naut.) Same as Bumkin. Ø Boo¶moÏrah (?), n. [Native name.] (Zo”l.) A small West African chevrotain (Hy‘moschus aquaticus), resembling the musk deer. Ø Boom¶slangÏe (?), n. [D. boom tree + slang snake.] (Zo”l.) A large South African tree snake (Bucephalus Capensis). Although considered venomous by natives, it has no poison fangs. Boon (?), n. [OE. bone, boin, a petition, fr. Icel. b?n; akin to Sw. & Dan. b?n, AS. b?n, and perh. to E. ban; but influenced by F. bon good, fr. L. bonus. ?86. See 2d Ban, Bounty.] 1. A prayer or petition. [Obs.] For which to God he made so many an idle boon. Spenser. 2. That which is asked or granted as a benefit or favor; a gift; a benefaction; a grant; a present. Every good gift and every perfect boon is from above. James i. 17 (Rev. Ver.). Boon, a. [F. bon. See Boon, n.] 1. Good; prosperous; as, boon voyage. [Obs.] 2. Kind; bountiful; benign. Which ... Nature boon Poured forth profuse on hill, and dale, and plain. Milton. 3. Gay; merry; jovial; convivial. A boon companion, loving his bottle. Arbuthnot. Boon, n. [Scot. boon, bune, been, Gael. & Ir. bunach coarse tow, fr. bun root, stubble.] The woody portion flax, which is separated from the fiber as refuse matter by retting, braking, and scutching. Boor (?), n. [D. boer farmer, boor; akin to AS. geb?r countryman, G. bauer; fr. the root of AS. b?an to inhabit, and akin to E. bower, be. Cf. Neighbor, Boer, and Big to build.] 1. A husbandman; a peasant; a rustic; esp. a clownish or unrefined countryman. 2. A Dutch, German, or Russian peasant; esp. a Dutch colonist in South Africa, Guiana, etc.: a boer. 3. A rude illÏbred person; one who is clownish in manners. Boor¶ish, a. Like a boor; clownish; uncultured; unmannerly. Ð Boor¶ishÏly, adv. Ð Boor¶ishÏness, n. Which is in truth a gross and boorish opinion. Milton. Boort (?), n. See Bort. Boose (?), n. [AS. bÓs, bÓsig; akin to Icel. b¾ss, Sw. b†s, Dan. baas, stall, G. banse, Goth. bansts barn, Skr. bh¾sas stall. û252.] A stall or a crib for an ox, cow, or other animal. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell. Boose (?), v. i. To drink excessively. See Booze. Boos¶er (?), n. A toper; a guzzler. See Boozer. Boost (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Boosted; p. pr. & vb. n. Boosting.] [Cf. Boast, v. i.] To lift or push

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