Chapter XXXI: Part 31

Bull¶head·ed (?), a. Having a head like that of a bull. Fig.: Headstrong; obstinate; dogged. Bul¶lion (?), n. [Cf. OE. bullyon a hook used for fastening the dress, a button, stud, an embossed ornament of various kinds, e.g., on the cover of a book, on bridles or poitrels, for purses, for breeches and doublets, LL. bullio the swelling of boiling water, a mass of gold or silver, fr. L. bulla boss, stud, bubble (see Bull an edict), or perh. corrupted fr. ?. billon base coin, LL. billioÿbullion. Cf. Billon, Billet a stick.] 1. Uncoined gold or silver in the mass. µ Properly, the precious metals are called bullion, when smelted and not perfectly refined, or when refined, but in bars, ingots or in any form uncoined, as in plate. The word is often often used to denote gold and silver, both coined and uncoined, when reckoned by weight and in mass, including especially foreign, or uncurrent, coin. 2. Base or uncurrent coin. [Obs.] And those which eld's strict doom did disallow, And damm for bullion, go for current now. Sylvester. 3. Showy metallic ornament, as of gold, silver, or copper, on bridles, saddles, etc. [Obs.] The clasps and bullions were worth a thousand pound. Skelton. 4. Heavy twisted fringe, made of fine gold or silver wire and used for epaulets; also, any heavy twisted fringe whose cords are prominent. Bul¶lionÏist, n. An advocate for a metallic currency, or a paper currency always convertible into gold. Bul¶liÏrag (?), v.t. [Cf. bully, n. & v., and rag to scold, rail. Cf. Ballarag.] To intimidate by bullying; to rally contemptuously; to badger. [Low] Bull¶ish (?), a. Partaking of the nature of a bull, or a blunder. Let me inform you, a toothless satire is as improper as a toothed sleek stone, and as bullish. Milton. Bull¶ist, n. [F. bulliste. See Bull an edict.] A writer or drawer up of papal bulls. [R.] Harmar. BulÏli¶tion (?), n. [L. bullire, bullitum, to boil. See Boil, v.i.] The action of boiling; boiling. [Obs.] See Ebullition. Bacon. Bull¶Ðnecked· (?), a. Having a short and thick neck like that of a bull. Sir W.Scott. Bul¶lock (?), n. [AS. bulluc a young bull. See Bull.] 1. A young bull, or any male of the ox kind. Take thy father's young bullock, even the second bullock of seven years old. Judges vi.25. 2. An ox, steer, or stag. Bul¶lock, v.t. To bully. [Obs.] She shan't think to bullock and domineer over me. Foote. Bul¶lock'sÐeye· (?), n. See Bull'sÐeye, 3. ØBul¶lon (?), n. (Zo”l.) A West Indian fish (Scarus Croicensis). Bull¶pout· (?), n. (Zo”l.) See Bullhead, 1 (b). Bull's¶Ðeye· (?), n. 1. (Naut.) A small circular or oval wooden block without sheaves, having a groove around it and a hole through it, used for connecting rigging. 2. A small round cloud, with a ruddy center, supposed by sailors to portend a storm. 3. A small thick disk of glass inserted in a deck, roof, floor, ship's side, etc., to let in light. 4. A circular or oval opening for air or light. 5. A lantern, with a thick glass lens on one side for concentrating the light on any object; also, the lens itself. Dickens. 6. (Astron.) Aldebaran, a bright star in the eye of Taurus or the Bull. 7. (Archery & Gun.) The center of a target. 8. A thick knob or protuberance left on glass by the end of the pipe through which it was blown. 9. A small and thick oldÐfashioned watch. [Colloq.] Bull's¶Ðnose· (?), n. (Arch.) An external angle when obtuse or rounded. Bull¶ ter¶riÏer (?). (Zo”l.) A b?eed of dogs obtained by crossing the bulldog and the terrier. Bull¶ trout· (?). (Zo”l.) (a) In England, a large salmon trout of ??? species, as Salmo ??? and S. Cambricus, which ascend rivers; Ð called also sea trout. (b) Salvelinus malma of California and Oregon; Ð called also Dolly Varden troutÿand redÐspotted trout. (c) The huso or salmon of the Danube. Bull¶weed· (?), n. [Bole a stem + weed.] (Bot.) Knapweed. Prior. Bull¶wort· (?), n. (Bot.) See Bishop'sÐweed. Bul¶ly (?), n.; pl. Bullies (?). [Cf. LG. bullerjaan, bullerb„k, bullerbrook, a blusterer, D. bulderaar a bluster, bulderen to bluster; prob. of imitative origin; or cf. MHG. buole lover, G. buhle.] 1. A noisy, blustering fellow, more insolent than courageous; one who is threatening and quarrelsome; an insolent, tyrannical fellow. Bullies seldom execute the threats they deal in. Palmerston. 2. A brisk, dashing fellow. [Slang Obs.] Shak. Bul¶ly (?), a. 1. Jovial and blustering; dashing. [Slang] ½Bless thee, bully doctor.¸ Shak. 2. Fine; excellent; as, a bully horse. [Slang, U.S.] Bul¶ly, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bullied (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bullying.] To intimidate with threats and by an overbearing, swaggering demeanor; to act the part of a bully toward. For the last fortnight there have been prodigious shoals of voluntrees gone over to bully the French, upon hearing the peace was just singing. Tatler. Syn. - To bluster; swagger; hector; domineer. Bul¶ly, v.i. To act as a bully. Bul¶lyÏrag (?), v.t. Same as Bullirag. Bul¶lyÏrock· (?), n. A bully. [Slang Obs.] Shak. Bul¶ly tree· (?). (Bot.) The name of several West Indian trees of the order Sapotace‘, as Dipholis nigraÿand species of Sapotaÿand Mimusops. Most of them yield a substance closely resembling guttaÐpercha. Bul¶rush· (?), n. [OE. bulrysche, bolroysche; of uncertain origin, perh. fr. bole stem + rush.] (Bot.) A kind of large rush, growing in wet land or in water. µ The name bulrush is applied in England especially to the catÐtail (Typha latifolia and T. angustifolia) and to the lake clubÐrush (Scirpus lacustris); in America, to the Juncus effusus, and also to species of Scirpus or clubÐrush. ØBulse (?), n. A purse or bag in which to carry or measure diamonds, etc. [India] Macaulay. Bul¶tel (?), n. [LL. bultellus. See Bolt to sift.] A bolter or bolting cloth; also, bran. [Obs.] Bul¶ti (?), n. (Zo”l.) Same as Bolty. Bul¶tow· (?), n. A trawl; a boulter; the mod? of fishing with a boulter or spiller. Bul¶wark (?), n. [Akin to D. bolwerk, G. bollwerk, Sw. bolwerk, Dan. bolv„rk, bulv„rk, rampart; akin to G. bohle plank, and werk work, defense. See Bole stem, and Work, n., and cf. Boulevard.] 1. (Fort.) A rampart; a fortification; a bastion or outwork. 2. That which secures against an enemy, or defends from attack; any means of defense or protection. The royal navy of England hath ever been its greatest defense, ... the floating bulwark of our island. Blackstone. 3. pl. (Naut.) The sides of a ship above the upper deck. Syn. - See Rampart. Bul¶wark, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bulwarked (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bulwarking.] To fortify with, or as with, a rampart or wall; to secure by fortification; to protect. Of some proud city, bulwarked round and armed With rising towers. Glover. Bum (?), n. [Contr. fr. bottom in this sense.] The buttock. [Low] Shak. Bum, v.i. [imp. & p.p. Bummed (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bumming (?).] [See Boom, v.i., to roar.] To make murmuring or humming sound. Jamieson. Bum, n. A humming noise. Halliwell. Bum¶bail¶iff (?), n. [A corruption of bound bailiff.] [Low, Eng.] See Bound bailiff, under Bound, a. Bum¶bard (?). See Bombard.ÿ[Obs.] Bum¶barge· (?), n. See Bumboat. Carlyle. Bum¶bast (?). See Bombast. [Obs.] Bum¶beÏlo (?), n.; pl. Bumbeloes (?). [It. bombola.] A glass used in subliming camphor. [Spelled also bombolo and bumbolo.] Bum¶ble (?), n. [See Bumpÿto boom.] (Zo”l.) The bittern. [Local, Eng.] Bum¶ble, v.i. To make a hollow or humming noise, like that of a bumblebee; to cry as a bittern. As a bittern bumbleth in the mire. Chaucer. Bum¶bleÏbee· (?), n. [OE. bumblen to make a humming noise (dim. of bum, v.i.) + bee. Cf. Humblebee.] (Zo”l.) A large bee of the genus Bombus, sometimes called humblebee; Ð so named from its sound. µ There are many species. All gather honey, and store it in the empty cocoons after the young have come out. Bum¶boat· (?), n. [From bum the buttocks, on account of its clumsy form; or fr. D. bun a box for holding fish in a boat.] (Naut.) A clumsy boat, used for conveying provisions, fruit, etc., for sale, to vessels lying in port or off shore. Bum¶kin (?), n. [Boom a beam + Ïkin. See Bumpkin.] (Naut.) A projecting beam or boom; as: (a) One projecting from each bow of a vessel, to haul the fore tack to, called a tack bumpkin. (b) Onr from each quarter, for the mainÐbrace blocks, and called brace bumpkin. (c) A small outrigger over the stern of a boat, to extend the mizzen. [Written also boomkin.] ØBum¶maÏlo (?), n. [Native name.] (Zo”l.) A small marine Asiatic fish (Saurus ophidon) used in India as a relish; Ð called also Bombay duck. Bum¶mer (?), n. An idle, worthless fellow, who is without any visible means of support; a dissipated sponger. [Slang, U.S.] Bum¶meÏry (?), n. See Bottomery. [Obs.] There was a scivener of Wapping brought to hearing for relief against a bummery bond. R.North. Bump (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bumped (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bumping.] [Cf. W. pwmp round mass, pwmpiaw to thump, bang, and E. bum, v.i., boom to roar.] To strike, as with or against anything large or solid; to thump; as, to bump the head against a wall. Bump, v.i. To come in violent contact with something; to thump. ½Bumping and jumping.¸ Southey. Bump (?), n. [From Bump to strike, to thump.] 1. A thump; a heavy blow. 2. A swelling or prominence, resulting from a bump or blow; a protuberance. It had upon its brow A bump as big as a young cockerel's stone. Shak. 3. (Phren.) One of the protuberances on the cranium which are associated with distinct faculties or affections of the mind; as, the bump of ½veneration;¸ the bump of ½acquisitiveness.¸ [Colloq.] 4. The act of striking the stern of the boat in advance with the prow of the boat following. [Eng.] Bump, v.i. [See Boom to roar.] To make a loud, heavy, or hollow noise, as the bittern; to boom. As a bittern bumps within a reed. Dryden. Bump, n. The noise made by the bittern. Bum¶per (?), n. [A corruption of bumbard, bombard, a large drinking vessel.] 1. A cup or glass filled to the brim, or till the liquor runs over, particularly in drinking a health or toast. He frothed his bumpers to the brim. Tennyson. 2. A covered house at a theater, etc., in honor of some favorite performer. [Cant] Bump¶er (?), n. 1. That which bumps or causes a bump. 2. Anything which resists or deadens a bump or shock; a buffer. Bump¶kin (?), n. [The same word as bumkin, which Cotgrave defines thus: ½Bumkin, Fr. chicambault, the luffeÐblock, a long and thick piece of wood, whereunto the foreÐsayle and spritÐsayle are fastened, when a ship goes by the winde.¸ Hence, a clumsy man may easily have been compared to such a block of wood; cf. OD. boomken a little tree. See Boom a pole.] An awkward, heavy country fellow; a clown; a country lout. ½Bashful country bumpkins.¸ W.Irving. Bump¶tious (?), a. SelfÐconceited; forward; pushing. [Colloq.] Halliwell. Bump¶tiousÏness, n. Conceitedness. [Colloq.] Bun, Bunn (?), n. [Scot. bun, bunn, OE. bunne, bonne; fr. Celtic; cf. Ir. bunna, Gael. bonnach, or OF. bugne tumor, Prov. F. bugne a kind of pancake; akin to OHG. bungo bulb, MHG. bunge, Prov. E. bung heap, cluster, bunny a small swelling.] A slightly sweetened raised cake or bisquit with a glazing of sugar and milk on the top crust. Bunch (?), n. [Akin to OSw. & Dan. bunke heap, Icel. bunki heap, pile, bunga tumor, protuberance; cf. W. pwng cluster. Cf. Bunk.] 1. A protuberance; a hunch; a knob or lump; a hump. They will carry ... their treasures upon the bunches of camels. Isa.xxx.6. 2. A collection, cluster, or tuft, properly of things of the same kind, growing or fastened together; as, a bunch of grapes; a bunch of keys. 3. (Mining) A small isolated mass of ore, as distinguished from a continuous vein. Page. Bunch, v.i. [imp. & p.p. Bunched (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bunching.] To swell out into a bunch or protuberance; to be protuberant or round. Bunching out into a large round knob at one end. Woodward. Bunch, v.t. To form into a bunch or bunches. Bunch¶Ðbacked· (?), a. Having a bunch on the back; crooked. ½BunchÐbacked toad.¸ Shak. Bunch¶ber·ry (?), n. (Bot.) The dwarf cornel (Cornus Canadensis), which bears a dense cluster of bright red, edible berries. Bunch¶ grass· (?). (Bot.) A grass growing in bunches and affording pasture. In California, Atropis tenuifolia, Festuca scabrella, and several kinds of Stipa are favorite bunch grasses. In Utah, Eriocoma cuspidata is a good bunch grass. Bunch¶iÏness (?), n. The quality or condition of being bunchy; knobbiness. Bunch¶y (?), a. 1. Swelling out in bunches. An unshapen, bunchy spear, with bark unpiled. Phaer. 2. Growing in bunches, or resembling a bunch; having tufts; as, the bird's bunchy tail. 3. (Mining) Yielding irregularly; sometimes rich, sometimes poor; as, a bunchy mine. Page. Bun¶combe, Bun¶kum (?), n. [Buncombe a country of North Carolina.] SpeechÐmaking for the gratification of constituents, or to gain public applause; flattering talk for a selfish purpose; anything said for mere show. [Cant or Slang, U.S.] All that flourish about right of search was bunkum Ð all that brag about hanging your Canada sheriff was bunkum ... slavery speeches are all bunkum. Haliburton. To speak for Buncombe, to speak for mere show, or popularly. µ ½The phrase originated near the close of the debate on the famous 'Missouri Question,' in the 16th Congress. It was then used by Felix Walker Ð a na‹ve old mountaineer, who resided at Waynesville, in Haywood, the most western country of North Carolina, near the border of the adjacent country of Buncombe, which formed part of his district. The old man rose to speak, while the house was impatiently calling for the 'Question,' and several members gathered round him, begging him to desist. He preserved, however, for a while, declaring that the people of his district expected it, and that he was bound to 'make a speech for Buncombe.'¸ W.Darlington. ØBund (?), n. [G.] League; confederacy; esp. the confederation of German states. ØBund (?), n. [Hindi band.] An embankment against inundation. [India] S. Wells Williams. ØBun¶der (?), n. [Pers. bandar a landing place, pier.] A boat or raft used in the East Indies in the landing of passengers and goods.

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ØBun¶desÏrath· (?), n. [G., from bund (akin to E. bond) confederacy + rath council, prob. akin to E. read.] The federal council of the German Empire. In the Bundesrath and the Reichstag are vested the legislative functions. The federal council of Switzerland is also so called. µ The Bundesrath of the German empire is presided over by a chancellor, and is composed of sixtyÐtwo members, who represent the different states of the empire, being appointed for each session by their respective governments. By this united congress, the highest tribunal of Switzerland, Ð the Bundesrath Ð is chosen, and the head of this is a president. J.P.Peters (Trans.Mller's Pol. Hist.). Bun¶dle (?), n. [OE. bundel, AS. byndel; akin to D. bondel, bundel, G. bndel, dim. of bund bundle, fr. the root of E. bind. See Bind.] A number of things bound together, as by a cord or envelope, into a mass or package convenient for handling or conveyance; a loose package; a roll; as, a bundle of straw or of paper; a bundle of old clothes. The fable of the rods, which, when united in a bundle, no strength could bend. Goldsmith. Bundle pillar (Arch.), a column or pier, with others of small dimensions attached to it. Weale. Bun¶dle, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bundled (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bundling (?).] 1. To tie or bind in a bundle or roll. 2. To send off abruptly or without ceremony. They unmercifully bundled me and my gallant second into our own hackney coach. T.Hook. To bundle off, to send off in a hurry, or without ceremony. Ð To bundle one's self up, to wrap one's self up warmly or cumbrously. Bun¶dle, v.i. 1. To prepare for departure; to set off in a hurry or without ceremony. 2. To sleep on the same bed without undressing; Ð applied to the custom of a man and woman, especially lovers, thus sleeping. Bartlett. Van Corlear stopped occasionally in the villages of eat pumpkin pies, dance at country frolics, and bundle with the Yankee lasses. W.Irving. Bung (?), n. [Cf. W. bwng orfice, bunghole, Ir. buinne tap, spout, OGeal. buine.] 1. The large spotter of the orfice in the bilge of a cask. 2. The orfice in the bilge of a cask through which it is filled; bunghole. 3. A sharper or pickpocket. [Obs. & Low] You gilthy bung, away. Shak. Bung, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bunged (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bunging (?).] To stop, as the orfice in the bilge of a cask, with a bung; to close; Ð with up. To bung up, to use up, as by bruising or over exertion; to exhaust or incapacitate for action. [Low] He had bunged up his mouth that he should not have spoken these three years. Shelton (Trans. Don Quixote). Bun¶gaÏlow (?), n. [Bengalee b¾ngl¾] A thatched or tiled house or cottage, of a single story, usually surrounded by a veranda. [India] ØBun¶gaÏrum (?), n. [Bungar, the native name.] (Zo”l.) A venomous snake of India, of the genus Bungarus, allied to the cobras, but without a hood. Bung¶hole· (?), n. See Bung, n., 2. Shak. Bun¶gle (?), v.i. [imp. & p.p. Bungled (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bungling (?).] [Prob. a diminutive from, akin to bang; cf. Prov. G. bungen to beat, bang, OSw. bunga.ÿSee Bang.] The act or work in a clumsy, awkward manner. Bun¶gle, v.t. To make or mend clumsily; to manage awkwardly; to botch; Ð sometimes with up. I always had an idea that it would be bungled. Byron. Bun¶gle (?), n. A clumsy or awkward performance; a botch; a gross blunder. Those errors and bungles which are committed. Cudworth. Bun¶gler (?), n. A clumsy, awkward workman; one who bungles. If to be a dunce or a bungler in any profession be shameful, how much more ignominious and infamous to a scholar to be such! Barrow. Bun¶gling (?), a. Unskillful; awkward; clumsy; as, a bungling workman. Swift. They make but bungling work. Dryden. Bun¶glingÏly, adv. Clumsily; awkwardly. Bun¶go (?), n. (Naut.) A kind of canoe used in Central and South America; also, a kind of boat used in the Southern United States. Bartlett. Bun¶ion (?), n. (Med.) Same as Bunyon. Bunk (?), n. [Cf. OSw. bunke heap, also boaring, flooring. Cf. Bunch.] 1. A wooden case or box, which serves for a seat in the daytime and for a bed at night. [U.S.] 2. One of a series of berths or bed places in tiers. 3. A piece of wood placed on a lumberman's sled to sustain the end of heavy timbers. [Local, U.S.] Bunk, v.i. [imp. & p.p. Bunked (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bunking.] To go to bed in a bunk; Ð sometimes with in. [Colloq. U.S.] Bartlett. Bun¶ker (?), n. [Scot. bunker, bunkart, a bench, or low chest, serving for a seat. Cf. Bunk, Bank, Bench.] 1. A sort of chest or box, as in a window, the lid of which serves for a seat. [Scot.] Jamieson. 2. A large bin or similar receptacle; as, a coal bunker. Bun¶ko (?), n. [Sf. Sp. banco bank, banca a sort of game at cards. Cf. Bank (in the commercial sense).] A kind of swindling game or scheme, by means of cards or by a sham lottery. [Written also bunco.] Bunko steerer, a person employed as a decoy in bunko. [Slang, U.S.] Bun¶kum (?), n. See Buncombe. Bunn (?), n. See Bun. Bun¶nian (?), n. See Bunyon. Bun¶ny (?), n. (Mining) A great collection of ore without any vein coming into it or going out from it. Bun¶ny, n. A pet name for a rabbit or a squirrel. ØBu·noÏdon¶ta (?), Bu¶noÏdonts (?), } n. pl. [NL. bunodonta, fr. Gr. ? hill, heap + ?, ?, a tooth.] (Zo”l.) A division of the herbivorous mammals including the hogs and hippopotami; Ð so called because the teeth are tuberculated. Bun¶sen's bat¶terÏy (?), Bun¶sen's burn·er (?). See under Battery, and Burner. Bunt (?), n. (Bot.) A fungus (Ustilago fÒtida) which affects the ear of cereals, filling the grains with a fetid dust; Ð also called pepperbrand. Bunt, n. [Cf. Sw. bunt bundle, Dan. bundt, G. bund, E. bundle.] (Naut.) The middle part, cavity, or belly of a sail; the part of a furled sail which is at the center of the yard. Totten. Bunt, v.i. (Naut.) To swell out; as, the sail bunts. Bunt, v.t. & i. To strike or push with the horns or head; to butt; as, the ram bunted the boy. Bun¶ter (?), n. A woman who picks up rags in the streets; hence, a low, vulgar woman. [Cant] Her ... daughters, like bunters in stuff gowns. Goldsmith. Bun¶ting (?), n. [Scot. buntlin, cornÐbuntlin, OE. bunting, buntyle; of unknown origin.] (Zo”l.) A birdÿof the genus Emberiza, or of an allied genus, related to the finches and sparrows (family Fringillid‘). µ Among European species are the common or corn bunting (Emberiza miliaria); the ortolan (E. hortulana); the cirl (E. cirlus); and the blackÐheaded (Granitivora melanocephala). American species are the bayÐwinged or grass (Po”c‘tes or PoÒcetes gramineus); the blackÐthroated (Spiza Americana); the towhee bunting or chewink (Pipilo); the snow bunting (Plectrophanax nivalis); the rice bunting or bobolink, and others. See Ortolan, Chewick, Snow bunting, Lark bunting. Bun¶ting, Bun¶tine (?), n. [Prov. E. bunting sifting flour, OE. bontenÿto sift, hence prob. the material used for that purpose.] A thin woolen stuff, used chiefly for flags, colors, and ships' signals. Bunt¶line (?), n. [2d bunt + line.] (Naut.) One of the ropes toggled to the footrope of a sail, used to haul up to the yard the body of the sail when taking it in. Totten. Bun¶yon, Bun¶ion (?), n. [Cf. Prov. E. bunny a small swelling, fr. OF. bugne, It. bugna, bugnone. See Bun.] (Med.) An enlargement and inflammation of a small membranous sac (one of the burs‘ muscos‘), usually occurring on the first joint of the great toe. Buoy (?), n. [D. boei buoy, fetter, fr. OF. boie, buie, chain, fetter, F. bou‚e a buoy, from L. boia. ½Boiae genus vinculorum tam ferreae quam ligneae.¸ Festus. So called because chained to its place.] (Naut.) A float; esp. a floating object moored to the bottom, to mark a channel or to point out the position of something beneath the water, as an anchor, shoal, rock, etc. Anchor buoy, aÿbuoy attached to, or marking the position of, an anchor. Ð Bell buoy, a large buoy on which a bell is mounted, to be rung by the motion of the waves. Ð Breeches buoy. See under Breeches. Ð Cable buoy, an empty cask employed to buoy up the cable in rocky anchorage. Ð Can buoy, a hollow buoy made of sheet or boiler iron, usually conical or pearÐshaped. Ð Life buoy, a float intended to support persons who have fallen into the water, until a boat can be dispatched to save them. Ð Nut or Nun buoy, a buoy large in the middle, and tapering nearly to a point at each end. Ð To stream the buoy, to let the anchor buoy fall by the ship's side into the water, before letting go the anchor. Ð Whistling buoy, aÿbuoy fitted with a whistle that is blown by the action of the waves. Buoy, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Buoyed (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Buoying.] 1. To keep from sinking in a fluid, as in water or air; to keep afloat; Ð with up. 2. To support or sustain; to preserve from sinking into ruin or despondency. Those old prejudices, which buoy up the ponderous mass of his nobility, wealth, and title. Burke. 3. To fix buoys to; to mark by a buoy or by buoys; as, to buoy an anchor; to buoy or buoy off a channel. Not one rock near the surface was discovered which was not buoyed by this floating weed. Darwin. Buoy, v.i. To float; to rise like a buoy. ½Rising merit will buoy up at last.¸ Pope. Buoy¶age (?), n. Buoys, taken collectively; a series of buoys, as for the guidance of vessels into or out of port; the providing of buoys. Buoy¶ance (?), n. Buoyancy. [R.] Buoy¶anÏcy (?), n.; pl. Buoyancies (?). 1. The property of floating on the surfaceÿof a liquid, or in a fluid, as in the atmosphere; specific lightness, which is inversely as the weight compared with that of an equal volume of water. 2. (Physics) The upward pressure exerted upon a floating body by a fluid, which is equal to the weight of the body; hence, also, the weight of a floating body, as measured by the volume of fluid displaced. Such are buoyancies or displacements of the different classes of her majesty's ships. Eng. Cyc. 3. Cheerfulness; vivacity; liveliness; sprightliness; Ð the opposite of heaviness; as, buoyancy of spirits. Buoy¶ant (?), a. [From Buoy, v.t. & i.] 1. Having the quality of rising or floating in a fluid; tending to rise or float; as, iron is buoyant in mercury. ½Buoyant on the flood.¸ Pope. 2. Bearing up, as a fluid; sustaining another body by being specifically heavier. The water under me was buoyant. Dryden. 3. LightÐhearted; vivacious; cheerful; as, a buoyant disposition; buoyant spirits. Ð Buoy¶antÏly, adv. BuÏpres¶tiÏdan (?), n. [L. buprestis, Gr. ?, a poisonous beetle, which, being eaten by cattle in the grass, caused them to swell up and and die; ? ox, cow + ? to blow up, swell out.] (Zo”l.) One of a tribe of beetles, of the genus Buprestis and allied genera, usually with brilliant metallic colors. The larv‘ are usually bores in timber, or beneath bark, and are often very destructive to trees. Bur, Burr (?), n. [OE. burre burdock; cf. Dan. borre, OSw. borra, burdock, thistle; perh. akin to E. bristle (burrÏ for burzÏ), or perh. to F. bourre hair, wool, stuff; also, according to Cotgrave, ½the downe, or hairie coat, wherewith divers herbes, fruits, and flowers, are covered,¸ fr. L. burrae trifles, LL. reburrus rough.] 1. (Bot.) Any rough or prickly envelope of the seeds of plants, whether a pericarp, a persistent calyx, or an involucre, as of the chestnut and burdock. Also, any weed which bears burs. Amongst rude burs and thistles. Milton. Bur and brake and brier. Tennyson. 2. The thin ridge left by a tool in cutting or shaping metal. See Burr, n., 2. 3. A ring of iron on a lance or spear. See Burr, n., 4. 4. The lobe of the ear. See Burr, n., 5. 5. The sweetbread. 6. A clinker; a partially vitrified brick. 7. (Mech.) (a) A small circular saw. (b) A triangular chisel. (c) A drill with a serrated head larger than the shank; Ð used by dentists. 8. [Cf. Gael. borr, borra, a knob, bunch.] (Zo”l.) The round knob of an antler next to a deer's head. [Commonly written burr.] Bur oakÿ(Bot.), a useful and ornamental species of oak (Quercus macrocarpa) with ovoid acorns inclosed in deep cups imbricated with pointed scales. It grows in the Middle and Western United States, and its wood is tough, closeÐgrained, and durable. Ð Bur reed (Bot.), a plant of the genus Sparganium, having long ribbonlike leaves. Bur¶bolt· (?), n. A birdbolt. [Obs.] Ford. Bur¶bot (?), n. [F. barbote, fr. barbe beard. See 1st Barb.] (Zo”l.) A freshÐwater fish of the genus Lota, having on the nose two very small barbels, and a larger one on the chin. [Written also burbolt.] µ The fish is also called an eelpout or ling, and is allied to the codfish. The Lota vulgaris is a common European species. An American species (L. maculosa) is found in New England, the Great Lakes, and farther north. Bur·deÏlais¶ (?), n. [F. bourdelais, prob. fr. bordelais. See Bordelais.] A sort of grape. Jonson. Bur¶den (?), n. [Written also burthen.] [OE. burden, burthen, birthen, birden, AS. byr$en; akin to Icel. byr?i, Dan. byrde, Sw. b”rda, G. brde, OHG. burdi, Goth. ba£r?ei, fr. the root of E. bear, AS. beran, Goth. bairan. û92. See 1st Bear.] 1. That which is borne or carried; a load. Plants with goodly burden bowing. Shak. 2. That which is borne with labor or difficulty; that which is grievous, wearisome, or oppressive. Deaf, giddy, helpless, left alone, To all my friends a burden grown. Swift. 3. The capacity of a vessel, or the weight of cargo that she will carry; as, a shipÿof a hundred tons burden. 4. (Mining) The tops or heads of streamÐwork which lie over the stream of tin. 5. (Metal.) The proportion of ore and flux to fuel, in the charge of a blast furnace. Raymond. 6. A fixed quantity of certain commodities; as, a burden of gad steel, 120 pounds. 7. A birth. [Obs. & R.] Shak. Beast of burden, an animal employed in carrying burdens. Ð Burden of proof [L. onus probandi] (Law), the duty of proving a particular position in a court of law, a failure in the performance of which duty calls for judgment against the party on whom the duty is imposed. Syn. - Burden, Load. A burden is, in the literal sense, a weight to be borne; a load is something laid upon us to be carried. Hence, when used figuratively, there is usually a difference between the two words. Our burdens may be of such a nature that we feel bound to bear them cheerfully or without complaint. They may arise from the nature of our situation; they may be allotments of Providence; they may be the consequences of our errors. What is upon us, as a load, we commonly carry with greater reluctance or sense of oppression. Men often find the charge of their own families to be a burden; but if to this be added a load of care for others, the pressure is usually serve and irksome. Bur¶den, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Burdened (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Burdening (?).] 1. To encumber with weight (literal or figurative); to lay a heavy load upon; to load. I mean not that other men be eased, and ye burdened. 2 Cor.viii.13. 2. To oppress with anything grievous or trying; to overload; as, to burden a nation with taxes. My burdened heart would break. Shak. 3. To impose, as a load or burden; to lay or place as a burden (something heavy or objectionable). [R.] It is absurd to burden this act on Cromwell. Coleridge. Syn. - To load; encumber; overload; oppress.

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Bur¶den (?), n. [OE. burdoun the bass in music, F. bourdon; cf. LL. burdo drone, a long organ pipe, a staff, a mule. Prob. of imitative origin. Cf. Bourdon.] 1. The verse repeated in a song, or the return of the theme at the end of each stanza; the chorus; refrain. Hence: That which is often repeated or which is dwelt upon; the main topic; as, the burden of a prayer. I would sing my song without a burden. Shak. 2. The drone of a bagpipe. Ruddiman. Bur¶den, n. [See Burdon.] A club. [Obs.] Spenser. Bur¶denÏer (?), n. One who loads; a oppressor. Bur¶denÏous (?), a. Burdensome. [Obs.] ½Burdenous taxations.¸ Shak. Bur¶denÏsome (?), a. Grievous to be borne; causing uneasiness or fatigue; oppressive. The debt immense of endless gratitude So burdensome. Milton. Syn. - Heavy; weighty; cumbersome; onerous; grievous; oppressive; troublesome. Ð Bur¶denÏsomeÏly, adv. Ð Bur¶denÏsomeÏness, n. Bur¶dock (?), n. [Bur + dock the plant.] (Bot.) A genus of coarse biennial herbs (Lappa), bearing small burs which adhere tenaciously to clothes, or to the fur or wool of animals. µ The common burdock is the Lappa officinalis. Bur¶don (?), n. [See Bourdon.] A pilgrim's staff. [Written also burden.] Rom. of R. Bu¶reau (?), n.; pl. E. Bureaus (?), F. Bureaux (?). [F. bureau a writing table, desk, office, OF., drugget, with which a writing table was often covered, equiv. to F. bure, and fr. OF. buire dark brown, the stuff being named from its color, fr. L. burrus red, fr. Gr. ? flameÐcolored, prob. fr. ? fire. See Fire, n., and cf. Borel, n.] 1. Originally, a desk or writing table with drawers for papers. Swift. 2. The place where such a bureau is used; an office where business requiring writing is transacted. 3. Hence: A department of public business requiring a force of clerks; the body of officials in a department who labor under the direction of a chief. µ On the continent of Europe, the highest departments, in most countries, have the name of bureaux; as, the Bureau of the Minister of Foreign Affairs. In Englandÿand America, the term is confined to inferior and subordinate departments; as, the ½Pension Bureau,¸ a subdepartment of the Department of the Interior. [Obs.] In Spanish, bureo denotes a court of justice for the trial of persons belonging to the king's household. 4. A chest of drawers for clothes, especially when made as an ornamental piece of furniture. [U.S.] Bureau system. See Bureaucracy. Ð Bureau Veritas, an institution, in the interest of maritime underwriters, for the survey and rating of vessels all over the world. It was founded in Belgium in 1828, removed to Paris in 1830, and re‰stablished in Brussels in 1870. BuÏreau¶craÏcy (?), n. [Bureau + Gr. ? to be strong, to govern, ? strength: cf. F. bureaucratie.] 1. A system of carrying on the business of government by means of departments or bureaus, each under the control of a chief, in contradiction to a system in which the officers of government have an associated authority and responsibility; also, government conducted on this system. 2. Government officials, collectively. BuÏreau¶crat (?), n. An official of a bureau; esp. an official confirmed in a narrow and arbitrary routine. C.Kingsley. Bu·reauÏcrat¶ic (?), Bu·reauÏcrat¶icÏal (?), } a. [Cf. F. bureaucratique.] Of, relating to, or resembling, a bureaucracy. BuÏreau¶craÏtist (?), n. An advocate for , or supporter of, bureaucracy. Bur¶el (?), n. & a. Same as Borrel. ØBuÏrette¶ (?), n. [F., can, cruet, dim. of buire flagon.] (Chem.) An apparatus for delivering measured quantities of liquid or for measuring the quantity of liquid or gas received or discharged. It consists essentially of a graduated glass tube, usually furnished with a small aperture and stopcock. Bur¶ fish· (?). (Zo”l.) A spinose, plectognath fish of the Allantic coast of the United States (esp. Chilo mycterus geometricus) having the power of distending its body with water or air, so as to resemble a chestnut bur; Ð called also ball fish, balloon fish, and swellfish. Burg (?), n. [AS. burh, burg, cf. LL. burgus. See 1st Borough.] 1. A fortified town. [Obs.] 2. A borough. [Eng.] See 1st Borough. Burg¶age (?), n. [From Burg: cf. F. bourgage, LL. burgagium.] (Eng. Law) A tenure by which houses or lands are held of the king or other lord of a borough or city; at a certain yearly rent, or by services relating to trade or handicraft. Burrill. Bur¶gall (?), n. (Zo”l.) A small marine fish; Ð also called cunner. Bur¶gaÏmot (?), n. See Bergamot. Bur¶gaÏnet (?), n. See Burgonet. Bur¶gee (?), n. 1. A kind of small coat. 2. (Naut.) A swallowÐtailed flag; a distinguishing pen?ant, used by cutters, yachts, and merchant vessels. BurÏgeois¶ (?), n. (Print.) See 1st Bourgeous. ØBurÏgeois¶ (?), n. A burgess; a citizen. See 2d Bourgeois. [R.] Addison. Bur¶geon (?), v.i. To bud. See Bourgeon. Bur¶gess (?), n. [OE. burgeis, OF. burgeis, fr. burcfortified town, town, F. bourg village, fr. LL. burgus fort, city; from the German; cf. MHG. burc, G. burg. See 1st Borough, and cf. 2d Bourgeois.] 1. An inhabitant of a borough or walled town, or one who possesses a tenement therein; a citizen or freeman of a borough. Blackstone. µ ½A burgess of a borough corresponds with a citizen of a city.¸ Burrill. 2. One who represents a borough in Parliament. 3. A magistrate of a borough. 4. An inhabitant of a Scotch burgh qualified to vote for municipal officers. µ Before the Revolution, the representatives in the popular branchÿof the legislature of Virginia were called burgesses; they are now called delegates. Burgess oath. See Burgher, 2. Bur¶gessÐship (?), n. The state of privilege of a burgess. South. Burg¶grave (?), n. [G. burggraf; burg fortress + graf count: cf. D. burggraaf, F. burgrave. See Margrave.] (Gremany) Originally, one appointed to the command of a burg (fortress or castle); but the title afterward became hereditary, with a domain attached. Burgh (?), n. [OE. See Burg.] A borough or incorporated town, especially, one in Scotland. See Borough. Burgh¶al (?), a. Belonging of a burgh. Burgh¶bote· (?), n. [Burgh + bote.] (Old Law) A contribution toward the building or repairing of castles or walls for the defense of a city or town. Burgh¶brech· (?), n. [Burgh + F. brŠche, equiv. to E. breach.] (AS. Law) The offense of violating the pledge given by every inhabitant of a tithing to keep the peace; breach of the peace. Burrill. Burgh¶er (?), n. [From burgh; akin to D. burger, G. brger, Dan. borger, Sw. borgare. See Burgh.] 1. A freeman of a burgh or borough, entitled to enjoy the privileges of the place; any inhabitant of a borough. 2. (Eccl. Hist.) A member of that party, among the Scotch seceders, which asserted the lawfulness of the burgess oath (in which burgesses profess ½the true religion professed within the realm¸), the opposite party being called antiburghers. µ These parties arose among the Presbyterians of Scotland, in 1747, and in 1820 reunited under the name of the ½United Associate Synod of the Secession Church.¸ Burgh¶erÏmas·ter (?), n. See Burgomaster. Burgh¶erÏship (?), n. The state or privileges of a burgher. Burgh¶mas·ter (?), n. 1. Aÿburgomaster. 2. (Mining) An officer who directs and lays out the meres or boundaries for the workmen; Ð called also bailiff, and barmaster. [Eng.] Burgh¶mote· (?), n. (AS. Law) [Burgh + mote meeting.] A court or meeting of a burgh or borough; a borough court held three times yearly. Bur¶glar (?), n. [OE. burg town, F. bourg, fr. LL. burgus (of German origin) + OF. lere thief, fr. L. latro. See Borough, and Larceny.] (Law) One guilty of the crime of burglary. Burglar alarm, a device for giving alarm if a door or window is opened from without. Bur¶glarÏer (?), n. A burglar. [Obs.] BurÏgla¶riÏous (?), a. Pertaining to burglary; constituting the crime of burglary. To come down a chimney is held a burglarious entry. Blackstone. BurÏgla¶riÏousÏly, adv. With an intent to commit burglary; in the manner of a burglar. Blackstone. Bur¶glaÏry (?), n.; pl. Burglaries (?). [Fr. Burglar; cf. LL. burglaria.] (Law) Breaking and entering the dwelling house of another, in the nighttime, with intent to commit a felony therein, whether the felonious purpose be accomplished or not. Wharton. Burrill. µ By statute law in some of the United States, burglary includes the breaking with felonious intent into a house by day as well as by night, and into other buildings than dwelling houses. Various degrees of the crime are established. Bur¶goÏmas·ter (?), n. [D. burgemeester; burgÿborough + meester master; akin to G. burgemeister, brgermeister. See 1st Borough, and Master.] 1. A chief magistrate of a municipal town in Holland, Flanders, and Germany, corresponding to mayor in Englandÿand the United States; a burghmaster. 2. (Zo”l.) An aquatic bird, the glaucous gull (Larus glaucus), common in arctic regions. Bur¶goÏnet (?), n. [F. bouruignotte, because the Burgundians, F. Bouruignons, first used it.] A kind of helmet. [Written also burganet.] Shak. Bur¶goo (?), n. [Prov. E. burgood yeast, perh. fr. W. burym yeast + cawl cabbage, gruel.] A kind of oatmeal pudding, or thick gruel, used by seamen. [Written also burgout.] Bur¶grass· (?), n. (Bot.) Grass of the genus Cenchrus, growing in sand, and having burs for fruit. Bur¶grave (?), n. [F.] See Burggrave. Bur¶gunÏdy (?), n. 1. An old province of France (in the eastern central part). 2. A richly flavored wine, mostly red, made in Burgundy, France. Burgundy pitch, a resinous substance prepared from the exudation of the Norway spruce (Abies excelsa) by melting in hot water and straining through cloth. The genuine Burgundy pitch, supposed to have been first prepared in Burgundy, is rare, but there are many imitations. It has a yellowish brown color, is translucent and hard, but viscous. It is used in medicinal plasters. Burh (?), n. See Burg. [Obs.] Bur¶hel, Burr¶hel } (?), n. (Zo”l.) The wild Himalayan, or blue, sheep (Ovis burrhel). Bur¶iÏal (?), n. [OE. buriel, buriels, grave, tomb, AS. byrgels, fr. byrgan to bury, and akin to OS. burgisli sepulcher.] 1. A grave; a tomb; a place of sepulture. [Obs.] The ert?e schook, and stoones weren cloven, and biriels weren opened. Wycliff [Matt.xxvii.51, 52]. 2. The act of burying; depositing a dead body in the earth, in a tomb or vault, or in the water, usually with attendant ceremonies; sepulture; interment. ½To give a public burial.¸ Shak. Now to glorious burial slowly borne. Tennyson. Burial case, a form of coffin, usually of iron, made to close airÐtight, for the preservation of a dead body. Ð Burial ground, a piece of ground selected and set apart for a placeÿof buriials, and consecrated to such use by religious ceremonies. Ð Burial place, any place where burials are made. Ð Burial service. (a) The religious service performed at the interment of the dead; a funeral service. (b) That portion of a liturgy which is read at an interment; as, the English burial service. Syn. - Sepulture; interment; inhumation. Bur¶iÏer (?), n. One who, or that which, buries. Till the buriers have buried it. Ezek.xxxix.15. And darkness be the burier of the dead. Shak. Bu¶rin (?), n. [F. burin, cf. It. burino, bulino; prob. from OHG. bora borer, borÓn to bore, G. bohren. See 1st Bore.] 1. The cutting tool of an engraver on metal, used in line engraving. It is made of tempered steel, one end being ground off obliquely so as to produce a sharp point, and the other end inserted in a handle; a graver; also, the similarly shaped tool used by workers in marble. 2. The manner or style of execution of an engraver; as, a soft burin; a brilliant burin. Bu¶rinÏist, n. One who works with the burin. For. Quart. Rev. Bu¶riÏon (?), n. (Zo”l.) The redÐbreasted house sparrow of California (Carpodacus frontalis); Ð called also crimsonÐfronted bullfinch. [Written also burrion.] Burke (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Burked (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Burking.] [From one Burke of Edinburgh, who committed the crime in 1829.] 1. To murder by suffocation, or so as to produce few marks of violence, for the purpose of obtaining a body to be sold for dessection. 2. To dispose of quietly or indirectly; to suppress; to smother; to shelve; as, to burke a parliamentary question. The court could not burke an inquiry, supported by such a mass of a affidavits. C.Reade. Burk¶ism (?), n. The practice of killing persons for the purpose of selling their bodies for dissection. Burl (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Burled (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Burling.] [OE. burle stuffing, or a knot in cloth; cf. F. bourlet, bourrelet, OF. bourel, a wreath or a roll of cloth, linen, or leather, stuffed with flocks, etc., dim. of bourre. û92. See Bur.] To dress or finish up (cloth); to pick knots, burs, loose threads, etc., from, as in finishing cloth. Burling iron, a peculiar kind of nippers or tweezers used in burling woolen cloth. Burl, n. 1. A knot or lump in thread or cloth. 2. An overgrown knot, or an excrescence, on a tree; also, veneer made from such excrescences. Bur¶lap (?), n. A coarse fabric, made of jute or hemp, used for bagging; also, a finer variety of similar material, used for curtains, etc. [Written also burlaps.] Burl¶er (?), n. One who burls or dresses cloth. BurÏlesque¶ (?), a. [F. burlesque, fr. It. burlesco, fr. burla jest, mockery, perh. for burrula, dim. of L. burrae trifles. See Bur.] Tending to excite laughter or contempt by extravagant images, or by a contrast between the subject and the manner of treating it, as when a trifling subject is treated with mock gravity; jocular; ironical. It is a dispute among the critics, whether burlesque poetry runs best in heroic verse, like that of the Dispensary, or in doggerel, like that of Hudibras. Addison. BurÏlesque¶ (?), n. 1. Ludicrous representation; exaggerated parody; grotesque satire. Burlesque is therefore of two kinds; the first represents mean persons in the accouterments of heroes, the other describes great persons acting and speaking like the basest among the people. Addison. 2. An ironical or satirical composition intended to excite laughter, or to ridicule anything. The dull burlesque appeared with impudence, And pleased by novelty in spite of sense. Dryden. 3. A ludicrous imitation; a caricature; a travesty; a gross perversion. Who is it that admires, and from the heart is attached to, national representative assemblies, but must turn with horror and disgust from such a profane burlesque and abominable perversion of that sacred institute? Burke. Syn. - Mockery; farce; travesty; mimicry. BurÏlesque¶ (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Burlesqued (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Burlesquing (?).] To ridicule, or to make ludicrous by grotesque representation in action or in language. They burlesqued the prophet Jeremiah's words, and turned the expression he used into ridicule. Stillingfleet. BurÏlesque¶, v.i. To employ burlesque. BurÏles¶quer (?), n. One who burlesques.

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ØBurÏlet¶ta (?), n. [It., dim. of burla mockery. See Burlesque, a.] (Mus.) A comic operetta; a music farce. Byron. Bur¶liÏness (?), n. Quality of being burly. Bur¶ly (?), a. [OE. burlichÿstrong, excellent; perh. orig. fit for a lady's bower, hence handsome, manly, stout. Cf. Bower.] 1. Having a large, strong, or gross body; stout; lusty; Ð now used chiefly of human beings, but formerly of animals, in the sense of stately or beautiful, and of inanimate things that were huge and bulky. ½Burly sacks.¸ Drayton. In his latter days, with overliberal diet, [he was] somewhat corpulent and burly. Sir T.More. Burly and big, and studious of his ease. Cowper. 2. Coarse and rough; boisterous. It was the orator's own burly way of nonsense. Cowley. Bur¶man (?), n.; pl. Burmans (?). [½The softened modern M'yanÐma, M'yanÐma [native name], is the source of the European corruption Burma.¸ Balfour.] (Ethnol.) A member of the Burman family, one of the four great families Burmah; also, sometimes, any inhabitant of Burmah; a Burmese. Ð a. Of or pertaining to the Burmans or to Burmah. Bur¶ mar¶iÏgold (?). See Beggar's ticks. Bur·mese¶ (?), a. Of or pertaining to Burmah, or its inhabitants. Ð n.sing. & pl. A native or the natives of Burmah. Also (sing.), the languageÿof the Burmans. Burn (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Burned (?) or Burnt (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Burning.] [OE. bernen, brennen, v.t., early confused with beornen, birnen, v.i., AS. b‘rnan, bernan, v.t., birnan, v.i.; akin to OS. brinnan, OFries. barna, berna, OHG. brinnan, brennan, G. brennen, OD. bernen, D. branden, Dan. br‘nde, Sw. br„nna, brinna, Icel. brenna, Goth. brinnan, brannjan (in comp.), and possibly to E. fervent.] 1. To consume with fire; to reduce to ashes by the action of heat or fire; Ð frequently intensified by up: as, to burn up wood. ½We'll burn his body in the holy place.¸ Shak. 2. To injure by fire or heat; to change destructively some property or properties of, by undue exposure to fire or heat; to scorch; to scald; to blister; to singe; to char; to sear; as, to burn steel in forging; to burn one's face in the sun; the sun burns the grass. 3. To perfect or improve by fire or heat; to submit to the action of fire or heat for some economic purpose; to destroy or change some property or properties of, by exposure to fire or heat in due degree for obtaining a desired residuum, product, or effect; to bake; as, to burn clay in making bricks or pottery; to burn wood so as to produce charcoal; to burn limestone for the lime. 4. To make or produce, as an effect or result, by the application of fire or heat; as, to burn a hole; to burn charcoal; to burn letters into a block. 5. To consume, injure, or change the condition of, as if by action of fire or heat; to affect as fire or heat does; as, to burn the mouth with pepper. This tyrant fever burns me up. Shak. This dry sorrow burns up all my tears. Dryden. When the cold north wind bloweth, ... it devoureth the mountains, and burneth the wilderness, and consumeth the ??ass as fire. Ecclus.xliii.20, 21. 6. (Surg.) To apply a cautery to; to cauterize. 7. (Chem.) To cause to combine with oxygen or other active agent, with evolution of heat; to consume; to oxidize; as, a man burns a certain amount of carbon at each respiration; to burn iron in oxygen. To burn, To burn together, as two surfaces of metal (Engin.), to fuse and unite them by pouring over them a quantity of the same metal in a liquid state. Ð To burn a bowl (Game of Bowls), to displace it accidentally, the bowl so displaced being said to be burned. Ð To burn daylight, to light candles before it is dark; to waste time; to perform superfluous actions. Shak. Ð To burn one's fingers, to get one's self into unexpected trouble, as by interfering the concerns of others, speculation, etc. Ð To burn out, to destroy or obliterate by burning. ½Must you with hot irons burn out mine eyes?¸ Shak. Ð To be burned out, to suffer loss by fire, as the burning of one's house, store, or shop, with the contents. Ð To burn up, To burn down, to burn entirely. Burn, v.i. 1. To be of fire; to flame. ½The mount burned with fire.¸ Deut.ix.15. 2. To suffer from, or be scorched by, an excess of heat. Your meat doth burn, quoth I. Shak. 3. To have a condition, quality, appearance, sensation, or emotion, as if on fire or excessively heated; to act or rage with destructive violence; to be in a state of lively emotion or strong desire; as, the face burns; to burn with fever. Did not our heart burn within us, while he talked with us by the way? Luke xxiv.32. The barge she sat in, like a burnished throne, Burned on the water. Shak. Burning with high hope. Byron.