Chapter XXVIII: Part 28

Bril¶liant (?), a. [F. brillant, p.pr. of brillerÿto shine or sparkle (cf. Pr. & Sp. brillar, It. brillare), fr. L. beryllus a precious stone of seaÐgreen color, Prov. It. brill. See Beryl.] 1. Sparklingÿwith luster; glittering; very bright; as, a brilliant star. 2. Distinguished by qualities which excite admiration; splended; shining; as, brilliant talents. Washington was more solicitous to avoid fatal mistakes than to perform brilliant exploits. Fisher Ames. Syn. - See Shining. Bril¶liant, n. [F. brillant. See Brilliant, a.] 1. A diamond or other gem of the finest cut, formed into faces and facets, so as to reflect and refract the light, by which it is rendered nore brilliant. It has at the middle, or top, a principal face, called the table, which is surrounded by a number of sloping facets forming a bizet; below, it has a small face or collet, parallel to the table, connected with the gridle by a pavilion of elongated facets. It is thus distinguished from the rose diamond, which is entirely covered with facets on the surface, and is flat below. This snuffbox Ð on the hinge see brilliants shine. Pope. 2. (Print.) The small size of type used in England printing. µ This line is printed in the type called Brilliant. ?? 3. A kind of kotton goods, figured on the weaving. Bril¶liantÏly, adv. In a brilliant manner. Bril¶liantÏness, n. Brilliancy; splendor; glitter. Brills (?), n. pl. [CF. G. brille spectacles, D. bril, fr. L. berillus. See Brilliant.] The hair on the eyelids of a horse. Bailey. Brim (?), n. [OE. brim, brimme, AS. brymme edge, border; akin to Icel. barmr, Sw. br„m, Dan. br‘mme, G. brame, br„me. Possibly the same word as AS. brim surge, sea, and properly meaning, the line of surf at the border of the sea, and akin to L. fremere to roar, murmur. Cf. Breeze a fly.] 1. The rim, border, or upper sdge of a cup, dish, or any hollow vessel used for holding anything. Saw I that insect on this goblet's brim I would remove it with an anxious pity. Coleridge. 2. The edgeÿor margin, as of a fountain, or of the water contained in it; the brink; border. The feet of the priest that bare the ark were dipped in the brim of the water. Josh.iii.15. 3. The rim of a hat. Wordsworth. Brim, v.i. [imp. & p.p. Brimmed (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Brimming.] To be full to the brim. ½The brimming stream.¸ Milton. To brim over (literally or figuratively), to be so full that some of the contents flows over the brim; as, cup brimming overÿwith wine; a man brimming over with fun. Brim, v.t. To fill to the brim, upper edge, or top. Arrange the board and brim the glass. Tennyson. Brim, a. Fierce; sharp; cold. See Breme. [Obs.] Brim¶ful (?), a. Full to the brim; completely full; ready to overflow. ½Her brimful eyes.¸ Dryden. Brim¶less, a. Having no brim; as, brimless caps. Brimmed (?), a. 1. Having a brim; Ð usually in composition. ½BroadÐbrimmed hat.¸ Spectator. 2. Full to, or level with, the brim. Milton. Brim¶mer (?), n. A brimful bowl; a bumper. Brim¶ming, a. Full to the brim; overflowing. Brim¶stone (?), n. [OE. brimston, bremston, bernston, brenston; cf. Icel. brennistein. See Burn, v.t., and Stone.] Sulphur; See Sulphur. Brim¶stone, a. Made of, or pertaining to, brimstone; as, brimstone matches. From his brimstone bed at break of day AÐwalking the devil has gone. Coleridge. Brim¶sto·ny (?), a. Containing or resembling brimstone; sulphurous. B.Jonson. Brin (?), n. [F.] One of the radiating sticks of a fan. The outermost are larger and longer, and are called panaches. Knight. Brin¶ded (?), a. [Cf. Icel. br”ndÓttr brindled, fr. brandr brand; and OE. bernen, brinnen, to burn. See Brand, Burn.] Of a gray or tawny color with streaks of darker hue; streaked; brindled. ½Three brinded cows,¸ Dryden. ½The brinded cat.¸ Shak. Brin¶dle (?), n. [See Brindled.] 1. The state of being brindled. 2. A brindled color; also, that which is brindled. Brin¶dle, a. Brindled. Brin¶dled (?), a. [A dim. form of brinded.] Having dark streaks or spots on a gray or tawny ground; brinded. ½With a brindled lion played.¸ Churchill. Brine (?), n. [AS. bryne a burning, salt liquor, brine, fr. brinnan, brynnan, to burn. See Burn.] 1. Water saturated or strongly inpregnated with salt; pickle; hence, any strong saline solution; also, the saline residue or strong mother liquor resultingÿfrom the evaporation of natural or artificial waters. 2. The ocean; the water of an ocean, sea, or salt lake. Not long beneath the whelming brine ... he lay. Cowper. 3. Tears; Ð so called from their saltness. What a deal of brine Hath washed thy sallow cheecks for Rosaline! Shak. Brine flyÿ(Zo”l.), a fly of the genus Ephydra, the larv‘ of which live in artificial brines and in salt lakes. Ð Brine gauge, an instrument for measuring the saltnessÿof a liquid. Ð Brine pan, a pit or pan of salt water, where salt is formed by cristallization. Ð Brine pit, a salt spring or well, from which water is taken to be boiled or evaporated for making salt. Ð Brine pump (Marine Engin.), a pump for changing the water in the boilers, so as to clear them of the brine which collects at the bottom. Ð Brine shrimp, Brine wormÿ(Zo”l.), a phyllopod crustacean of the genus Artemia, inhabiting the strong brines of salt works and natural salt lakes. See Artemia. Ð Brine spring, a spring of salt water. Ð Leach brine (Saltmaking), brineÿwhich drops from granulated salt in drying, and is preserved to be boiled again. Brine (?), v.t. 1. To steep or saturate in brine. 2. To sprinkle with salt or brine; as, to brine hay. Bring (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Brought (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bringing.] [OE. bringen, AS. bringan; akin to OS. brengian, D. brengen, Fries. brenga, OHG. bringan, G. bringen, Goth. briggan.] 1. To convey to the place where the speaker is or is to be; to bear from a more distant to a nearer place; to fetch. And as she was going to fetch it, he called to her, and said, Bring me, I pray thee, a morsel of bread. 1 Kings xvii.11. To France shall we convey you safe, And bring you back. Shak. 2. To cause the accession or obtaining of; to procure; to make to come; to produce; to draw to. There is nothing will bring you more honor ... than to do what right in justice you may. Bacon. 3. To convey; to move; to carry or conduct. In distillation, the water ... brings over with it some part of the oil of vitriol. Sir I.Newton. 4. To persuade; to induce; to draw; to lead; to guide. It seems so preposterous a thing ... that they do not easily bring themselves to it. Locke. The nature of the things ... would not suffer him to think otherwise, how, or whensoever, he is brought to reflect on them. Locke. 5. To produce in exchange; to sell for; to fetch; as, what does coal bring per ton? To bring about, to bring to pass; to effect; to accomplish. Ð To bring back. (a) To recall. (b) To restore, as something borrowed, to its owner. Ð To bring by the lee (Naut.), to incline so rapidly to leeward of the course, when a ship sails large, as to bring the lee side suddenly to the windward, any by laying the sails aback, expose her to danger of upsetting. Ð To bringÿdown. (a) To cause to come down. (b) To humble or abase; as, to bring down high looks. Ð To bring down the house, to cause tremendous applause. [Colloq.] Ð To bring forth. (a) To produce, as young fruit. (b) To bring to light; to make manifest. Ð To bring forward (a) To exhibit; to introduce; to produce to view. (b) To hasten; to promote; to forward. (c) To propose; to adduce; as, to bring forward arguments. Ð Toÿbring home. (a) To bring to one's house. (b) To prove conclusively; as, to bring home a charge of treason. (c) To cause one to feel or appreciate by personal experience. (d) (Naut.) To lift of its place, as an anchor. Ð To bring in. (a) To fetch from without; to import. (b) To introduce, as a bill in a deliberative assembly. (c) To return or repot to, or lay before, a court or other body; to render; as, to bring in a verdict or a report. (d) To take to an appointed place of deposit or collection; as, to bring in provisions or money for a specified object. (e) To produce, as income. (f) To induce to join. Ð To bring off, to bear or convey away; to clear from condemnation; to cause to escape. Ð To bring on. (a) To cause to begin. (b) To originate or cause to exist; as, to bring on a disease. Ð Toÿbring one on one's way, to accompany, guide, or attend one. Ð Toÿbring out, to expose; to detect; to bring to light from concealment. Ð To bring over. (a) To fetch or bear across. (b) To convert by persuasion or other means; to cause to change sides or an opinion. Ð Toÿbring to. (a) To resuscitate; to bring back to consciousnessÿor life, as a fainting person. (b) (Naut.) To check the course of, as of a ship, by dropping the anchor, or by counterbracing the sails so as to keep her nearly stationary (she is then said to lie to). (c) To cause (a vessel) to lie to, as by firing across her course. (d) To apply a rope to the capstan. Ð To bring to light, to disclose; to discover; to make clear; to reveal. Ð To bring a sail to (Naut.), to bend it to the yard. Ð Toÿbring to pass, to accomplish to effect. ½Trust also in Him; and He shall bring it to pass.¸ Ps. xxxvii.5. Ð Toÿbring under, to subdue; to restrain; to reduce to obedience. Ð Toÿbring up. (a) To carry upward; to nurse; to rear; to educate. (b) To cause to stop suddenly. (c) [v.i. by dropping the reflexive pronoun] To stop suddenly; to come to a standstill. [Colloq.] Ð To bring up (any one) with a round turn, to cause (any one) to stop abruptly. [Colloq.] Ð Toÿbe brought to bed. See under Bed. Syn. - To fetch; bear; carry; convey; transport; import; procure; produce; cause; adduce; induce. Bring¶er (?), n. One who brings. Yet the first bringer of unwelcome news Hath but a losing office. Shak. Bringer in, one who, or that which, introduces. Brin¶iÏness (?), n. The state or quality of being briny; saltness; brinishness. Brin¶ish (?), a. Like brine; somewhat salt; saltish. ½Brinish tears.¸ Shak. Brin¶ishÏness, n. State or quality of being brinish. ØBrin¶jaÏree· (?), n. [Native name.] (Zo”l.) A roughÐhaired East Indian variety of the greyhound. Brink (?), n. [Dan. brink edge, verge; akin to Sw. brink declivity, hill, Icel. brekka; cf. LG. brink a grassy hill, W. bryn hill, bryncyn hillock.] The edge, margin, or border of a steep place, as of a precipice; a bank or edge, as of a river or pit; a verge; a border; as, the brink of a chasm. Also Fig. ½The brink of vice.¸ Bp. Porteus. ½The brink of ruin.¸ Burke. The plashy brink of weedy lake. Bryant. Brin¶y (?), a. [From Brine.] Of or pertaining to brine, or to the sea; partaking of the nature of brine; salt; as, a briny taste; the briny flood. Bri¶oÏny (?), n. See Bryony. Tennyson. Brisk (?), a. [Cf. W. brysg, fr. brys haste, Gael. briosg quick, lively, Ir. broisg a start, leap, jerk.] 1. Full of livelinessÿand activity; characterized by quickness of motion or action; lively; spirited; quick. Cheerily, boys; be brick awhile. Shak. Brick toil alternating with ready ease. Wordworth. 2. Full of spirit of life; effervesc?ng, as liquors; sparkling; as, brick cider. Syn. - Active; lively; agile; alert; nimble; quick; sprightly; vivacious; gay; spirited; animated. Brisk (?), v.t. & i. [imp. & p.p. Bricked (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bricking.] To make or become lively; to enliven; to animate; to take, or cause to take, an erect or bold attitude; Ð usually with up. Bris¶ket (?), n. [OE. bruskette, OF. bruschet, F. br‚chet, brichet; prob. of Celtic origin; cf. W. bryscedÿthe breast of a slain animal, brisket, Corn. vrys breast, Armor. brusk, bruched, the front of the chest, Gael. brisgein the cartilaginous part of a bone.] That part of the breast of an animal which extends from the fore legs back beneath the ribs; also applied to the fore part of a horse, from the shoulders to the bottom of the chest. [See Illust. of Beef.] Brisk¶ly (?), adv. In a brisk manner; nimbly. Brisk¶ness, n. Liveliness; vigor in action; quickness; gayety; vivacity; effervescence. Bris¶tle (?), n. [OE. bristel, brustel, AS. bristl, byrst; akin to D. borstel, OHG. burst, G. borste, Icel. burst, Sw. borst, and to Skr. bh?shti edge, point, and prob, L. fastigium extremity, Gr. ? stern of a ship, and E. brush, burr, perh. to brad. û96.] 1. A short, stiff, coarse hair, as on the back of swine. 2. (Bot.) A stiff, sharp, roundish hair. Gray. Bris¶tle, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bristled (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bristling (?).] 1. To erect the bristles of; to cause to stand up, as the bristles of an angry hog; Ð sometimes with up. Now for the bareÐpicked bone of majesty Doth dogged war bristle his angry crest. Shak. Boy, bristle thy courage up. Shak. 2. To fix a bristle to; as, to bristle a thread. Bris¶tle, v.i. 1. To rise or stand erect, like bristles. His hair did bristle upon his head. Sir W.Scott. 2. To appear as if covered with bristles; to have standing, thick and erect, like bristles. The hill of L? Haye Sainte bristling with ten thousand bayonets. Thackeray. Ports bristling with thousands of masts. Macaulay. 3. To show deflance or indignation. To bristle up, to show anger or deflance. Bris¶tleÐpoint·ed (?), a. (Bot.) Terminating in a very fine, sharp point, as some leaves. Bris¶tleÐshaped· (?), a. Resembling a bristle in form; as, a bristleÐshaped leaf. Bris¶tleÐtail· (?), n. (Zo”l.) An insect of the genera Lepisma, Campodea, etc., belonging to the Thysanura. Bris¶tliÏness (?), n. The quality or state of having bristles. Bris¶tly (?), a. THick set with bristles, or with hairs resembling bristles; rough. The leaves of the black mulberry are somewhat bristly. Bacon. Bris¶tol (?), n. A seaport city in the west of England. Bristol board, a kind of fine pasteboard, made with a smooth but usually unglazed surface. Ð Bristol brick, a brick of siliceous matter used for polishing cultery; Ð originally manufactured at Bristol. Ð Bristol stone, rock crystal, or brilliant crystals of quartz, found in the mountain limestone near Bristol, and used in making ornaments, vases, etc. When polished, it is called Bristol diamond. BriÏsure¶ (?), n. [F.] 1. (Fort.) Any part of a rampart or parapet which deviates from the general direction. 2. (Her.) A mark of cadency or difference. Brit, Britt (?), n. (Zo”l.) (a) The young of the common herring; also, a small species of herring; the sprat. (b) The minute marine animals (chiefly Entomostraca) upon which the right whales feed. BriÏtan¶niÏa (?), n. [From L. Britannia Great Britain.] A whiteÐmetal alloy of tin, antimony, bismuth, copper, etc. It somewhat resembles silver, and isused for table ware. Called also Britannia metal. BriÏtan¶nic (?), a. [L. Britannicus, fr. Britannia Great Britain.] Of or pertaining to Great Britain; British; as, her Britannic Majesty. Brite, Bright (?), v.t. To be or become overripe, as wheat, barley, or hops. [Prov. Eng.] Brit¶iÏcism (?), n. A word, phrase, or idiom peculiar to Great Britain; any manner of using a word or words that is peculiar to Great Britain. Brit¶ish (?), a. [AS. Brittisc, Bryttisc.] Of or pertaining to Great Britain or to its inhabitants; Ð sometimes restrict to the original inhabitants. British gum, a brownish substance, very soluble in cold water, formed by heating dry starch at a temperature of about 600ø Fahr. It corresponds, in its properties, to dextrin, and is used, in solution, as a substitute for gum in stiffering goods. Ð British lion, the national emblem of Great Britain. Ð British seas, the four seas which surround Great Britain. Brit¶ish, n. pl. People of Great Britain. Brit¶ishÏer, n. An Englishman; a subjectÿor inhabitant of Great Britain, esp. one in the British military or naval service. [Now used jocosely] Brit¶on (?), a. [AS. bryten Britain.] British. [Obs.] Spenser.Ð n. A native of Great Britain. Brit¶tle (?), a. [OE. britel, brutel, AS. bryttian to dispense, fr. bre¢tanÿto break; akin to Icel. brytja, Sw. bryta, Dan. bryde. Cf. Brickle.] Easily broken; apt to break; fragile; not tough or tenacious<-- contrast to flexible; usually hard -->. Farewell, thou pretty, brittle piece Of fineÐcut crystal. Cotton. Brittle silver ore, the mineral stephanite. Brit¶tleÏly, adv. In a brittle manner. Sherwood. Brit¶tleÏness, n. Aptness to break; fragility.

<-- p. 183 -->

Brit¶tle star· (?). Any speciesÿof ophiuran starfishes. See Ophiuroidea. Britz¶ska (?), n. [Russ. britshka; cf. Pol. bryczka, dim. of bryka freight wagon.] A long carriage, with a calash top, so constructed as to give space for recliningÿat night, when used on a journey. Brize (?), n. The breeze fly. See Breeze. Shak. Broach (?), n. [OE. broche, F. broche, fr. LL. brocca; prob. of Celtic origin; cf. W. proc thrust, stab, Gael. brog awl. Cf. Brooch.] 1. A spit. [Obs.] He turned a broach that had worn a crown. Bacon. 2. An awl; a bodkin; also, a wooden rod or pin, sharpened at each end, used by thatchers. [Prov. Eng.] Forby. 3. (Mech.) (a) A tool of steel, generally tapering, and of a polygonal form, with from four to eight cutting edges, for smoothing or enlarging holes in metal; sometimes made smooth or without edges, as for burnishing pivot holes in watches; a reamer. The broach for gun barrels is commonly square and without taper. (b) A straight tool with file teeth, made of steel, to be pressed through irregular holes in metal that cannot be dressed by revolving tools; a drift. 4. (Masonry) A broad chisel for stonecutting. 5. (Arch.) A spire rising from a tower. [Local, Eng.] 6. A clasp for fastening a garment. See Brooch. 7. A spitlike start, on the head of a young stag. 8. The stick from which candle wicks are suspended for dipping. Knight. 9. The pin in a lock which enters the barrel of the key. Broach, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Broached (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Broaching.] [F. brocher, fr. broche. See Broach, n.] 1. To spit; to pierce as with a spit. I'll broach the tadpole on my rapier's point. Shak. 2. To tap; to pierce, as a cask, in order to draw the liquor. Hence: To let out; to shed, as blood. Whereat with blade, with bloody blameful blade, He bravely broached his boiling bloody breast. Shak. 3. To open for the first time, as stores. You shall want neither weapons, victuals, nor aid; I will open the old armories, I will broach my store, and will bring forth my stores. Knolles. 4. To make public; to utter; to publish first; to put forth; to introduce as a topic of conversation. Those very opinions themselves had broached. Swift. 5. To cause to begin or break out. [Obs.] Shak. 6. (Masonry) To shape roughly, as a block of stone, by chiseling with a coarse tool. [Scot. & North of Eng.] 7. To enlarge or dress (a hole), by using a broach. To broach to (Naut.), to incline suddenly to windward, so as to lay the sails aback, and expose the vessel to the danger of oversetting. Broach¶er (?), n. 1. A spit; a broach. On five sharp broachers ranked, the roast they turned. Dryden. 2. One who broaches, opens, or utters; a first publisher or promoter. Some such broacher of heresy. Atterbury. Broad (?), a. [Compar. Broader (?); superl. Broadest.] [OE. brod, brad, AS. br¾d; akin to OS. brÇd, D. breed, G. breit, Icel. brei?r, Sw. & Dan. bred, Goth. braids. Cf. Breadth.] 1. Wide; extend in breadth, or from side to side; Ð opposed to narrow; as, a broad street, a broad table; an inch broad. 2. Extending far and wide; extensive; vast; as, the broad expanse of ocean. 3. Extended, in the sense of diffused; open; clear; full. ½Broad and open day.¸ Bp. Porteus. 4. Fig.: Having a large measure of any thing or quality; not limited; not restrained; Ð applied to any subject, and retaining the literal idea more or less clearly, the precise meaning depending largely on the substantive. A broad mixture of falsehood. Locke. Hence: Ð 5. Comprehensive; liberal; enlarged. The words in the Constitution are broad enough to include the case. D.Daggett. In a broad, statesmanlike, and masterly way. E.Everett. 6. Plain; evident; as, a broad hint. 7. Free; unrestrained; unconfined. As broad and general as the casing air. Shak. 8. (Fine Arts) Characterized by breadth. See Breadth. 9. Cross; coarse; indelicate; as, a broad compliment; a broad joke; broad humor. 10. Strongly marked; as, a broad Scotch accent. µ Broad is often used in compounds to signify wide, large, etc.; as, broadÐchested, broadÐshouldered, broadÐspreading, broadÐwinged. Broad acres. See under Acre. Ð Broad arrow, originally a pheon. See Pheon, and Broad arrow under Arrow. Ð As broad as long, having the length equal to the breadth; hence, the same one way as another; coming to the same result by different ways or processes. It is as broad as long, whether they rise to others, or bring others down to them. L'Estrange. Ð Broad pennant. See under Pennant. Syn. - Wide; large; ample; expanded; spacious; roomy; extensive; vast; comprehensive; liberal. Broad, n. 1. The broad part of anything; as, the broad of an oar. 2. The spread of a river into a sheet of water; a flooded fen. [Local, Eng.] Southey. 3. A lathe tool for turning down the insides and bottoms of cylinders. Knight. Broad¶ax· Broad¶axe· } (?), n. 1. An ancient military weapon; a battleÐax. 2. An ax with a broad edge, for hewingÿtimber. Broad¶bill· (?), n. 1. (Zo”l.) A wild duck (Aythya, or Fuligula, marila), which appears in large numbers on the eastern coast of the United States, in auntum; Ð called also bluebill, blackhead, raft duck, and scaup duck. See Scaup duck. 2. (Zo”l.) The shoveler. See Shoveler. Broad¶brim· (?), n. 1. A hat with a very broad brim, like those worn by men of the society of Friends. 2. A member of the society of Friends; a Quaker. [Sportive] Broad¶Ðbrimmed· (?), a. Having a broad brim. A broadÐbrimmed flat silver plate. Tatler. Broad¶cast· (?), n. (Agric.) A casting or throwing seed in all directions, as from the hand in sowing. Broad¶cast·, a. 1. Cast or dispersed in all directions, as seed from the hand in sowing; widely diffused. 2. Scattering in all directions (as a method of sowing); Ð opposed to planting in hills, or rows. Broad¶cast·, adv. So as to scatter or be scattered in all directions; so as to spread widely, as seed from the hand in sowing, or news from the press. Broad¶ Church· (?). (Eccl.) A portion of the Church of England, consisting of persons who claim to hold a position, in respect to doctrine and fellowship, intermediate between the High Church party and the Low Church, or evangelical, party. The term has been applied to otherbodies of men holding liberal or comprehensive views of Christian doctrine and fellowship. Side by side with these various shades of High and Low Church, another party of a different character has always existed in the Church of England. It is called by different names: Moderate, Catholic, or Broad Church, by its friends; Latitudinarian or Indifferent, by its enemies. Its distinctive character is the desire of comprehension. Its watch words are charity and toleration. Conybeare. Broad¶cloth (?), n. A fine smoothÐfaced woolen cloth for men's garments, usually of double width (i.e., a yard and a half); Ð so called in distinction from woolens three quarters of a yard wide. Broad¶en (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Broadened (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Broadening (?).] [From Broad, a.] To grow broad; to become broader or wider. The broadening sun appears. Wordsworth. Broad¶en, v.t. To make broad or broader; to render more broad or comprehensive. Broad¶ gauge· (?). (Railroad) A wider distance between the rails than the ½standard¸ gauge of four feet eight inches and a half. See Gauge. Broad¶Ðhorned· (?), a. Having horns spreading widely. Broad¶ish, a. Rather broad; moderately broad. Broad¶leaf· (?), n. (Bot.) A tree (Terminalia latifolia) of Jamaica, the wood of which is used for boards, scantling, shingles, etc; Ð sometimes called the almond tree, from the shape of its fruit. Broad¶Ðleaved· (?), Broad¶Ðleafed· (?), a. Having broad, or relatively broad, leaves. Keats. Broad¶ly, adv. In a broad manner. Broad¶mouth· (?), n. (Zo”l.) One of the Eurylaimid‘, a family of East Indian passerine birds. Broad¶ness, n. [AS. br¾dnes.] The conditionÿor quality of being broad; breadth; coarseness; grossness. Broad¶piece· (?), n. An old English gold coin, broader than a guinea, as a Carolus or Jacobus. Broad¶ seal· (?). The great seal of England; the public seal of a country or state. Broad¶seal·, v.t. To stamp with the broad seal; to make sure; to guarantee or warrant. [Obs.] Thy presence broadseals our delights for pure. B.Jonson. Broad¶side· (?), n. 1. (Naut.) The side of a ship aboveÿthe water line, from the bow to the quarter. 2. A discharge of or from all the guns on one side of a ship, at the same time. 3. A volley of abuse or denunciation. [Colloq.] 4. (Print.) A sheet of paper containing one large page, or printed on one side only; Ð called also broadsheet. Broad¶spread· (?), a. Widespread. Broad¶spread·ing, a. Spreading widely. Broad¶sword· (?), n. A sword with a broad blade and a cutting edge; a claymore. I heard the broadsword's deadly clang. Sir W.Scott. Broad¶wise· (?), adv. Breadthwise. [Archaic] Brob (?), n. [Cf. Gael. brog, E. brog, n.] (Carp.) A peculiar bradÐshaped spike, to be driven alongside the end of an abutting timber to prevent its slipping. Brob·dingÏnag¶iÏan (?), a. [From Brobdingnag, a country of giants in ½Gulliver's Travels.¸] Colossal' of extraordinary height; gigantic. Ð n. A giant. [Spelt often Brobdignagian.] BroÏcade¶ (?), n. [Sp. brocado (cf. It. broccato, F. brocart), fr. LL. brocare *prick, to figure (textile fabrics), to emboss (linen), to stitch. See Broach.] Silk stuff, woven with gold and silver threads, or ornamented with raised flowers, foliage, etc.; Ð also applied to other stuffs thus wrought and enriched. A gala suit of faded brocade. W.Irving. BroÏcad¶ed (?), a. 1. Woven or worked, as brocade, with gold and silver, or with raised flowers, etc. Brocaded flowers o'er the gay mantua shine. Gay. 2. Dressed in brocade. Bro¶cage (?), n. See Brokkerage. Broc¶ard (?), n. [Perh. fr. Brocardica, Brocardicorum opus, a collection of ecclesiastical canons by Burkhard, Bishop of Worms, called, by the Italians and French, Brocard.] An elementary principle or maximum; a short, proverbial rule, in law, ethics, or metaphysics. The legal brocard, ½Falsus in uno, falsus in omnibus,¸ is a rule not more applicable to other witness than to consciousness. Sir W.Hamilton. Bro¶caÏtel (?), n. [F. brocatelle, fr. It. brocatello: cf. Sp. brocatel. See Brocade.] 1. A kind of coarse brocade, or figured fabric, used chiefly for tapestry, linings for carriages, etc. 2. A marble, clouded and veined with white, gray, yellow, and red, in which the yellow usually prevails. It is also called Siena marble, from its locality. Bro·caÏtel¶lo (?), n. Same as Brocatel. Broc¶coÏli (?), n. [It. broccoli, pl. of broccolo sprout, cabbage sprout, dim. of brocco splinter. See Broach, n.] (Bot.) A plant of the Cabbage species (Brassica oleracea) of many varieties, resembling the cauliflower. The ½curd,¸ or flowering head, is the part used for food. Broch¶anÏtite (?), n. [From Brochant de Villiers, a French mineralogist.] (Min.) A basic sulphate of copper, occurring in emeraldÐgreen crystals. ØBro·ch‚¶ (?), a. [F.] Woven with a figure; as, broch‚ goods. ØBroche (?), n. [F.] See Broach, n. ØBroÏchure¶ (?), n. [F., fr. brocher to stitch. See Broach, v.t.] A printed and stitched book containing only a few leaves; a pamphlet. Brock (?), n. [AS. broc, fr. W. broch; akin to Ir. & Gael. broc, Corn. & Armor. broch; cf. Ir. & Gael. breac speckled.] (Zo”l.) A badger. Or with pretense of chasing thence the brock. B.Jonson. Brock, n. [See Brocket.] (Zo”l.) A brocket. Bailey. Brock¶er (?), n. [OE. broket, F. broquart fallow deer a year old, fr. the same root as E. broach, meaning point (hence tine of a horn).] 1. (Zo”l.) A male red deer two years old; Ð sometimes called brock. 2. (Zo”l.) A small South American deer, of several species (Coassus superciliaris, C. rufus, and C. auritus). Brock¶ish, a. Beastly; brutal. [Obs.] Bale. Brode¶kin (?), n. [F. brodequin, OE. brossequin, fr. OD. broseken, brosekin, dim. of broos buskin, prob. fr. LL. byrsa leather, Gr. ? skin, hide. Cf. Buskin.] A buskin or halfÐboot. [Written also brodequin.] [Obs.] Brog (?), n. [Gael. Cf. Brob.] A pointed instrument, as a joiner's awl, a brad awl, a needle, or a small ship stick. Brog, v.t. To prod with a pointed instrument, as a lance; also, to broggle. [Scot. & Prov.] Sir W.Scott. Bro¶gan (?), n. A stout, coarse shoe; a brogue. Brog¶gle (?), v.i. [Dim. of Prov. E. brog to broggle. Cf. Brog, n.] To sniggle, or fish with a brog. [Prov. Eng.] Wright. Brogue (?), n. [Ir. & Gael. brog shoe, hoof.] 1. A stout, coarse shoe; a brogan. µ In the Highlands of Scotland, the ancient brogue was made of horsehide or deerskin, untanned or tenned with the hair on, gathered round the ankle with a thong. The name was afterward given to any shoe worn as a part of the Highland costume. Clouted brogues, patched brogues; also, brogues studded with nails. See under Clout, v.t. 2. A dialectic pronunciation; esp. the Irish manner of pronouncing English. Or take, Hibernis, thy still ranker brogue. Lloyd. Brogues (?), n. pl. [Cf. Breeches.] Breeches. [Obs.] Shenstone. Broid (?), v.t. To braid. [Obs.] Chaucer. Broid¶er (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Broidered (?).] [OE. broiden, brouden, F. broder, confused with E. braid; F. broder is either the same word as border to border (see Border), or perh. of Celtic origin; cf. W. brathu to sting, stab, Ir. & Gael. brod goad, prickle, OE. brod a goad; and also Icel. broddr a spike, a sting, AS. brord a point.] To embroider. [Archaic] They shall make a broidered coat. Ex.xxviii.4. Broid¶erÏer (?), n. One who embroiders. [Archaic] Broid¶erÏy (?), n. Embroidery. [Archaic] The golden broidery tender Milkah wove. Tickell. Broil (?), n. [F. brouiller to disorder, from LL. brogilus, broilus, brolium, thicket, wood, park; of uncertain origin; cf. W. brog a swelling out, OHG. prÓil marsh, G. brhl, MHG. brogen to rise. The meaning tumult, confusion, comes apparently from tangled undergrowth, thicket, and this possibly from the meaning to grow, rise, sprout.] A tumult; a noisy quarrel; a disturbance; a brawl; contention; discord, either between individuals or in the state. I will own that there is a haughtiness and fierceness in human nature which will which will cause innumerable broils, place men in what situation you please. Burke. Syn. - Contention; fray; affray; tumult; altercation; dissension; discord; contest; conflict; brawl; uproar. Broil, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Broiled (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Broiling.] [OE. broilen, OF. bruillir, fr. bruirÿto broil, burn; of Ger. origin; cf. MHG. brejen, G. brhen, to scald, akin to E. brood.] 1. To cook by direct exposure to heat over a fire, esp. upon a gridiron over coals. 2. To subject to great (commonly direct) heat. Broil, v.i. To be subjected to the action of heat, as meat over the fire; to be greatly heated, or to be made uncomfortable with heat. The planets and comets had been broiling in the sun. Cheyne. Broil¶er (?), n. One who excites broils; one who engages in or promotes noisy quarrels. What doth he but turn broiler, ... make new libels against the church? Hammond. Broil¶er, n. 1. One who broils, or cooks by broiling. 2. A gridiron or other utensil used in broiling. 3. A chicken or other bird fit for broiling. [Colloq.] Broil¶ing, a. Excessively hot; as, a broiling sun. Ð n. The act of causing anything to broil. Bro¶kage (?), n. See Brokerage. Broke (?), v.i. [See Broker, and cf. Brook.] 1. To transact business for another. [R.] Brome. 2. To act as procurer in love matters; to pimp. [Obs.] We do want a certain necessary woman to broke between them, Cupid said. Fanshawe. And brokes with all that can in such a suit Corrupt the tender honor of a maid. Shak.

<-- p. 184 -->

Broke (?), imp. p.p. of Break. Bro¶ken (?), a. [From Break, v.t.] 1. Separated into parts or pieces by violence; divided into fragments; as, a broken chain or rope; a broken dish. 2. Disconnected; not continuous; also, rough; uneven; as, a broken surface. 3. Fractured; cracked; disunited; sundered; strained; apart; as, a broken reed; broken friendship. 4. Made infirm or weak, by disease, age, or hardships. The one being who remembered him as he been before his mind was broken. G.Eliot. The broken soldier, kindly bade to stay, Sat by his fire, and talked the night away. Goldsmith. 5. Subdued; humbled; contrite. The sacrifices of God are a broken spirit. Ps.li.17. 6. Subjugated; trained for use, as a horse. 7. Crushed and ruined as by something that destroys hope; blighted. ½Her broken love and life.¸ G.Eliot. 8. Not carried into effect; not adhered to; violated; as, a broken promise, vow, or contract; a broken law. 9. Ruined financially; incapable of redeeming promises made, or of paying debts incurred; as, a broken bank; a broken tradesman. 10. Imperfectly spoken, as by a foreigner; as, broken English; imperfectly spoken on account of emotion; as, to say a few broken words at parting. Amidst the broken words and loud weeping of those grave senators. Macaulay. Broken ground. (a) (Mil.) Rough or uneven ground; as, the troops were retarded in their advance by broken ground. (b) Ground recently opened with the plow. Ð Broken line (Geom.), the straight lines which join a number of given points taken in some specified order. Ð Broken meat, fragments of meat or other food. Ð Broken number, a fraction. Ð Broken weather, unsettled weather. Bro¶kenÐbacked· (?), a. 1. Having a broken back; as, a brokenÐbacked chair. 2. (Naut.) Hogged; so weakened in the frame as to droop at each end; Ð said of a ship. Totten. Bro¶kenÐbel·lied (?), a. Having a ruptured belly. [R.] Bro¶kenÐheart·ed (?), a. Having the spirits depressed or crushed by grief or despair. She left her husband almost brokenÐhearted. Macaulay. Syn. - Disconsolable; heartÐbroken; inconsolable; comfortless; woeÐbegone; forlorn. Bro¶kenÏly, adv. In a broken, interrupted manner; in a broken state; in broken language. The pagans worship God ... as it were brokenly and by piecemeal. Cudworth. Bro¶kenÏness, n. 1. The state or quality of being broken; unevenness. Macaulay. 2. Contrition; as, brokenness of heart. Bro¶ken wind· (?). (Far.) The heaves. Bro¶kenÐwind·ed, a. (Far.) Having short breath or disordered respiration, as a horse. Bro¶ker (?), n. [OE. brocour, from a word akin to broken, bruken, to use, enjoy, possess, digest, fr. AS. br?canÿto use, enjoy; cf. Fries. broker, F. brocanteur. See Brook, v.t.] 1. One who transacts business for another; an agent. 2. (Law) An agent employed to effect bargains and contracts, as a middleman or negotiator, between other persons, for a compensation commonly called brokerage. He takes no possession, as broker, of the subject matter of the negotiation. He generally contracts in the names of those who employ him, and not in his own. Story. 3. A dealer in money, notes, bills of exchange, etc. 4. A dealer in secondhand goods. [Eng.] 5. A pimp or procurer. [Obs.] Shak. Bill broker, one who buys and sells notes and bills of exchange. Ð Curbstone broker or Street broker, an operator in stocks (not a member of the Stock Exchange) who executes orders by running from office to office, or by transactions on the street. [U.S.] Ð Exchange broker, one who buys and sells uncurrent money, and deals in exchanges relating to money. Ð Insurance broker, one who is agent in procuring insurance on vessels, or against fire. Ð Pawn broker. See Pawnbroker. Ð Real estate broker, one who buys and sells lands, and negotiates loans, etc., upon mortgage. Ð Ship broker, one who acts as agent in buying and selling ships, procuring freight, etc. Ð Stock broker. See Stockbroker. Bro¶kerÏage (?), n. 1. The businessÿor employment of a broker. Burke. 2. The fee, reward, or commission, given or changed for transacting business as a broker. Bro¶kerÏly, a. Mean; servile. [Obs.] B.Jonson. Bro¶kerÏy (?), n. The businessÿof a broker. [Obs.] And with extorting, cozening, forfeiting, And tricks belonging unto brokery. Marlowe. Bro¶king (?), a. Of or pertaining to a broker or brokers, or to brokerage. [Obs.] Redeem from broking pawn the blemished crown. Shak. Bro¶ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? food, ? to eat.] 1. (Med.) Aliment; food. Dunglison. 2. A light form of prepared cocoa (or cacao), or the drink made from it. Bro¶mal (?), n. [Bromine + aldehyde.] (Chem.) An oily, colorless fluid, CBr?.COH, related to bromoform, as chloral is to chloroform, and obtained by the action of bromine on alcohol. Bro¶mate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of bromic acid. Bro¶mate (?), v.t. (Med.) To combine or impregnate with bromine; as, bromated camphor. Bro·maÏtol¶oÏgist (?), n. One versed in the scienceÿof foods. Bro·maÏtol¶oÏgy (?), n. [Gr. ?, ?, food + Ïlogy.] The science of aliments. Dunglison. ØBrome (?), n. [F.] (Chem.) See Bromine. Brome¶ grass· (?). [L. bromos a kind of oats, Gr. ?.] (Bot.) A genus (Bromus) of grasses, one speciesÿof which is the chess or cheat. BroÏme·liÏa¶ceous (?), a. [Named after Olaf Bromel, a Swedish botanist.] (Bot.) Pertaining to, or resembling, a family of endogenous and mostly epiphytic or saxicolous plants of which the genera Tillandsia and Billbergia are examples. The pineapple, though terrestrial, is also of this family. Bro¶mic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or containing, bromine; Ð said of those compounds of bromine in which this element has a valence of five, or the next to its highest; as, bromic acid. Bro¶mide (?), n. (Chem.) A compoundÿof bromine with a positive radical. Bro¶miÏnate (?), v.t. See Bromate, v.t. Bro¶mine (?), n. [Gr. ? bad smell, stink. Cf. Brome.] (Chem.) One of the elements, related in its chemical qualities to chlorine and iodine. Atomic weight 79.8. Symbol Br. It is a deep reddish brown liquid of a very disagreeable odor, emitting a brownish vapor at the ordinary temperature. In combination it is found in minute quantities in sea water, and in many saline springs. It occurs also in the mineral bromyrite. Bro¶mism (?), n. (Med.) A diseased conditionÿproduced by the excessive use of bromine or one of its compounds. It is characterized by mental dullnessÿand muscular weakness. Bro¶mize (?), v.t. (Photog.) To prepare or treat with bromine; as, to bromize a silvered plate. Brom¶life (?), n. [From Bromley Hill, near Alston, Cumberland, England.] (Min.) A carbonate of baryta and lime, intermediate between witherite and strontianite; Ð called also alstonite. Bro¶moÏform (?), n. [Bromine + formyl.] (Chem.) A colorless liquid, CHBr?, having an agreeable odor and sweetish taste. It is produced by the simultaneous action of bromine and caustic potash upon wood spirit, alcohol, or acetone, as also by certain other reactions. In composition it is the same as chloroform, with the substitution of bromine for chlorine. It is somewhat similar to chloroform in its effects. Watts. BromÏpi¶crin (?), n. [G. brompikrin; brom bromine + pikrins„ure picric acid.] (Chem.) A pungent colorless explosive liquid, CNO?Br?, analogous to and resembling chlorpicrin. [Spelt also brompikrin.] Brom¶uÏret (?), n. See Bromide. [Obs.] Brom¶yÏrite (?), n. [Bromine + Gr. ? silver.] (Min.) Silver bromide, a rare mineral; Ð called also bromargyrite. ØBron¶chi (?), n. pl. (Anat.) See Bronchus. ØBron¶chiÏa (?), n. pl. [L. , pl. Cf. Bronchus.] (Anat.) The bronchial tubes which arise from the branching of the trachea, esp. the subdivision of the bronchi. Dunglison. Bron¶chiÏal (?), a. [Cf. F. bronchial. See Bronchia.] (Anat.) Belonging to the bronchi and their ramifications in the lungs. Bronchial arteries, branchÿof the descending aorta, accompanying the bronchia in all their ramifications. Ð Bronchial cells, the air cells terminating the bronchia. Ð Bronchial glands, glands whose functions are unknown, seated along the bronchia. Ð Bronchial membrane, the mucous membrane lining the bronchia. Ð Bronchial tube, the bronchi, or the bronchia. Bron¶chic (?), a. (Anat.) Bronchial. Bron¶chiÏole (?), n. (Anat.) A minute bronchial tube. BronÏchit¶ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to bronchitis; as, bronchitic inflammation. BronÏchi¶tis (?), n. [Bronchus + Ïitis.] (Med.) Inflammation, acute or chronic, of the bronchial tubes or any part of them. Bron¶cho (?), n. [Sp. bronco rough, wild.] A native or a Mexican horse of small size. [Western U.S.] Bron¶choÏcele (?), n. [Gr. ?; ? windpipe + ? tumor.] (Med.) See Goiter. BronÏchoph¶oÏny (?), n. [Gr. ? windpipe + ? sound.] A modification of the voice sounds, by which they are intensified and heightened in pitch; Ð observed in auscultation of the chest in certain cases of introÐthroacic disease. Bron·choÐpneuÏmo¶niÏa (?), n. [Bronchus + pneumonia.] (Med.) Inflammation of the bronchi and lungs; catarrhal pneumonia. Bron¶choÏtome (?), n. [Gr. ? windpipe + ? to cut.] (Surg.) An instrument for cutting into the bronchial tubes. BronÏchot¶oÏmy (?), n. (Surg.) An incision into the windpipe or larynx, including the operations of tracheotomy and laryngotomy. ØBron¶chus (?), n.; pl. Bronchi (?). [NL., fr. Gr. ? windpipe. Cf. Bronchia.] (Anat.) One of the subdivisions of the trachea or windpipe; esp. one of the two primary divisions. Bron¶co (?), n. Same as Broncho. Brond (?), n. [See Brand.] A sword. [Obs.] Bron¶toÏlite (?), Bron¶toÏlith (?), } n. [Gr. ? + Ïlite, Ïlith.] An a‰rolite. [R.] BronÏtol¶oÏgy (?), n. [Gr. ? thunder + Ïlogy.] A treatise upon thunder. ØBron·toÏsau¶rus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? thunder + ? lizard.] (Paleon.) A genus of American jurassic dinosaurs. A length of sixty feet is believed to have been attained by these reptiles. ØBron·toÏthe¶riÏum (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? thunder + ? beast.] (Paleon.) A genus of large extinct mammals from the moicene strata of western North America. They were allied to the rhinoceros, but the skull bears a pair of powerful horn cores in front of the orbits, and the fore feet were fourÐtoed. See Illustration in Appendix. ØBron·toÏzo¶um (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? thunder + ? animal.] (Paleon.) An extinct animal of large size, known from its threeÐtoed footprints in Mesozoic sandstone. µ The tracks made by these reptiles are found eighteen inches in length, and were formerly referred to gigantic birds; but the discovery of large bipedal threeÐtoed dinosaurs has suggested that they were made by those reptiles. Bronze (?), n. [F. bronze, fr. It. bronzo brown, fr. OHG. br?n, G. braun. See Brown, a.] 1. An alloy of copper and tin, to which small proportions of other metals, especially zinc, are sometimes added. It is hard and sonorous, and is used for statues, bells, cannon, etc., the proportions of the ingredients being varied to suit the particular purposes. The varieties containing the higher proportions of tin are brittle, as in bell metal and speculum metal. 2. A statue, bust, etc., cast in bronze. A print, a bronze, a flower, a root. Prior. 3. A yellowish or reddish brown, the color of bronze; also, a pigment or powder for imitating bronze. 4. Boldness; impudence; ½brass.¸ Imbrowned with native bronze, lo! Henley stands. Pope. Aluminium bronze. See under Aluminium. Ð Bronze age, an age of the world which followed the stone age, and was characterized by the use of implements and ornaments of copper or bronze. Ð Bronze powder, a metallic powder, used with size or in combination with painting, to give the appearance of bronze, gold, or other metal, to any surface. Ð Phosphor bronze and Silicious or Silicium bronze are made by adding phosphorus and silicon respectively to ordinary bronze, and are characterized by great tenacity. Bronze, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bronzed (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bronzing.] [Cf. F. bronzer. See Bronze, n.] 1. To give an appearance of bronzeto, by a coating of bronze powder, or by other means; to make of the color of bronze; as, to bronze plaster casts; to bronze coins or medals. The tall bronzed blackÐeyed stranger. W.Black. 2. To make hard or unfeeling; to brazen. The lawer who bronzes his bosom instead of his forefead. Sir W.Scott. Bronzed skin disease. (Pathol.) See Addison's disease. Bronze¶wing· (?), n. (Zo”l.) An Australian pigeon of the genus Phaps, of several species; Ð so called from its bronze plumage. Bronz¶ine (?), n. A metal so prepared as to have the appearance of bronze. Ð a. Made of bron?ine; resembling bronze; bronzelike. Bronz¶ing, n. 1. The act or art of communicating to articles in metal, wood, clay, plaster, etc., the appearance of bronze by means of bronze powders, or imitative painting, or by chemical processes. Tomlinson. 2. A material for bronzing. Bronz¶ist, n. One who makes, imitates, collects, or deals in, bronzes. Bronz¶ite (?), n. [Cf. F. bronzite.] (Min.) A variety of enstatite, often having a bronzelike luster. It is a silicate of magnesia and iron, of the pyroxene family. Bronz¶y (?), a. Like bronze. Brooch (?), n. [See Broach, n.] 1. An ornament, in various forms, with a tongue, pin, or loop for attaching it to a garment; now worn at the breast by women; a breastpin. Formerly worn by men on the hat. Honor 's a good brooch to wear a man's hat. B.Jonson. 2. (Paint.) A painting all of one color, as a sepia painting, or an India painting. Brooch, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Brooched (?).] To adorn as with a brooch. [R.] Brood (?), n. [OE. brod, AS. brÓd; akin to D. broed, OHG. bruot, G. brut, and also to G. brhe broth, MHG. breje, and perh. to E. brawn, breath. Cf. Breed, v.t.] 1. The young birds hatched at one time; a hatch; as, a brood of chicken. As a hen doth gather her brood under her wings. Luke xiii.34. A hen followed by a brood of ducks. Spectator. 2. The young from the same dam, whether produced at the same time or not; young children of the same mother, especially if nearly of the same age; offspring; progeny; as, a woman with a brood of children. The lion roars and gluts his tawny brood. Wordsworth. 3. That which is bred or produced; breed; species. Flocks of the airy brood, (Cranes, geese or longÐnecked swans). Chapman. 4. (Mining) Heavy waste in tin and copper ores. To sit on brood, to ponder. [Poetic] Shak. Brood, a. 1. Sitting or inclined to sit on eggs. 2. Kept for breeding from; as, a brood mare; brood stock; having young; as, a brood sow. Brood (?), v.i. [imp. & p.p. Brooded (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Brooding.] 1. To sit on and cover eggs, as a fowl, for the purpose of warming them and hatching the young; or to sit over and cover young, as a hen her chickens, in order to warm and protect them; hence, to sit quitely, as if brooding. Birds of calm sir brooding on the charmed wave. Milton. 2. To have the mind dwell continuously or moodily on a subject; to think long and anxiously; to be in a state of gloomy, serious thought; Ð usually followed by over or on; as, to brood over misfortunes. Brooding on unprofitable gold. Dryden. Brooding over all these matters, the mother felt like one who has evoked a spirit. Hawthorne. When with downcast eyes we muse and brood. Tennyson.

<-- p. 185 -->