Chapter M (6)

=Riordan, Roger.= _I._, 1848- ----. A New York city journalist. A Score of Etchings; Sunrise Stories, a Glance at the Literature of Japan. _Scr._

=Ripley, George.= _Ms._, 1802-1880. A Unitarian clergyman who was pastor in Boston, 1826-41, and then for several years the chief promoter of the famous Brook Farm experiment. In 1849 he became literary editor of The New York Tribune, and continued in that position until his death. With C. A. Dana, _supra_, he edited the American Cyclopædia, 1857-63, and also the revised edition of the same, 1873-76. His literary criticisms exerted a wide and beneficial influence. Discourses on the Philosophy of Religion; Letters to Andrews Norton, _supra_, on the Latest Form of Infidelity. _See Modern Review, July, 1883; Appletons’ American Biography; Life by O. B. Frothingham, supra._

=Ripley, Henry Jones.= _Ms._, 1798-1875. A Baptist clergyman who held a pastorate in Georgia, 1819-26, and from 1826 to 1860 was a professor in the Theological Seminary at Newton, Massachusetts. Notes on the Gospels, Acts, Hebrews; Christian Baptism; Church Polity; The Exclusiveness of the Baptists.

=Ripley, Roswell Sabine.= _O._, 1823-1887. A Confederate army officer of prominence who wrote a History of the Mexican War.

=Ritchie, Mrs. Anna Cora [Ogden] [Mowatt].= _F._, 1822-1870. A once popular actress who retired from the stage in 1854, and for the last ten years of her life lived in Florence and London. Her writings include several novels, The Fortune Hunter; The Mute Singer; Fairy Fingers; Evelyn; The Twin Roses; The Clergyman’s Wife; two successful plays, Fashion and Armand; Mimic Life, or Before and Behind the Curtain; Autobiography of an Actress, the last named an exceedingly popular book.

=Ritter, Abraham.= _Pa._, 1792-1860. A merchant of Philadelphia. History of the Moravian Church in Philadelphia; Philadelphia and her Merchants.

=Ritter, Mrs. Frances Malone [Raymond].= _E._, 1830-1890. Wife of F. L. Ritter, _infra_. Woman as a Musician; Some Famous Songs, an Art Historical Sketch; Songs and Ballads.

=Ritter, Frédéric Louis.= _F._, 1834-1891. A musician of Alsace who came to the United States in 1856, and, becoming professor of music at Vassar College in 1867, retained that position until his death. Music in England; Music in America; History of Music in the Form of Lectures; Manual of Musical History. _Dit. Scr._

=Rivers, Pearl.= _See Nicholson, Mrs._

=Rivers, Richard Henderson.= _Tn._, 1814-1894. A Methodist clergyman and educator of Alabama, for many years pastor in Louisville, 1883-87. Mental Philosophy; Moral Philosophy; Our Young People; Life of Robert Paine; Arrows From Two Quivers.

=Rivers, William James.= _S. C._, 1822- ----. An educator of South Carolina and Maryland, professor in Washington College in the latter State from 1873. History of South Carolina to the Close of the Proprietary Government in 1719; Catechism of the Constitution of South Carolina.

=Rives= [reevz], =Amélie.= Granddaughter of W. C. Rives, _infra_. _See Troubetzkoy._

=Rives, Mrs. Judith Page [Walker].= _Va._, 1802-1882. Wife of W. C. Rives, _infra_. Souvenirs of a Residence in Europe; Home and the World; The Canary Bird; Epitome of the Bible.

=Rives, William Cabell.= _Va._, 1793-1868. A prominent Virginia statesman, twice minister to France, and during the Civil War a member of the Confederate Congress. Lives of John Hampden, James Madison; Ethics of Christianity.

=Robbins, Chandler.= _Ms._, 1810-1882. A Unitarian clergyman of Boston, pastor of the Second Church, 1833-74. Liturgy for the Use of a Christian Church; History of the Second or Old North Church; Memoir of Benjamin Curtis, _supra_; Portrait of a Christian Drawn from Life. _See Frothingham’s Boston Unitarianism. A. U. A._

=Robbins, Eliza.= _Ms._, 1786-1853. An educator in Boston for many years. Elements of Mythology; Grecian History; Tales from American History, are among her published works.

=Robbins, Mrs. Mary Caroline [Pike].= _Me._, 1842- ----. Daughter of J. S. Pike, _supra_. The wife of a physician of Hingham, Massachusetts. A writer for the magazines on art, landscape gardening, and kindred topics. The Rescue of An Old Place. _Hou._

=Robbins, Royal.= _Ct._, 1787-1861. A Congregational clergyman, pastor at Kensington, Connecticut, 1816-61. Outlines of Ancient History; The World Displayed.

=Roberts, Mrs. Anna Smith [Rickey].= _Pa._, 1827-1858. Wife of S. W. Roberts, _infra_. A verse-writer who published Forest Flowers of the West.

=Roberts, Benjamin Titus.= _N. Y._, 1823-1893. A Free Methodist clergyman of North Chili, New York, founder of Chesbrough Academy there in 1865, and president of that institution, 1869-1893. Fishers of Men; Why Another Sect; First Lessons on Money; Ordaining Women.

=Roberts, Charles George Douglas.= _N. B._, 1860- ----. A popular Canadian poet and littérateur, formerly a professor of literature in King’s College, Windsor, Nova Scotia, and in recent years a resident of New York city. His work in verse includes, Orion, and Other Poems; In Divers Tones; The Book of the Native. His prose comprises, Earth’s Enigmas, a collection of short stories; The Forge in the Forest, an Acadian Romance; A History of Canada; Around the Camp Fire; Canadian Guide Book; Reube Dare’s Shad Boat; Raid from Beausejour, and How the Carter Boys Lifted the Mortgage. _Ap. Cr. Lam. Lo. Meth._

=Roberts, Edmund Quincy.= _N. H._, 1784-1836. A diplomatist who did much to promote trade in Farther India. Embassy to the Eastern Courts (1857).

=Roberts, Ellis Henry.= _N. Y._, 1827- ----. Formerly a journalist of Utica; now (1897) president of a national bank in New York city. He was a member of Congress from 1871 to 1875. Government Revenue; New York: the Planting and Growth of the Empire State. _Hou._

=Roberts, John Bingham.= _Pa._, 1852- ----. A Philadelphia physician. Paracentesis of the Pericardium; Compendium of Anatomy.

=Roberts, Oran Milo.= _S. C._, 1815-1898. A Texas jurist who was governor of Texas, 1879-83, and professor of law in the University of Texas from 1883. He wrote a description of his State, entitled Governor Robinson’s Texas.

=Roberts, Robert Ellis.= _N. Y._, 1809-1888. A prominent merchant and citizen of Detroit. Sketches of Detroit; The City of the Straits.

=Roberts, Solomon White.= _Pa._, 1811-1882. A distinguished civil engineer of Pennsylvania. The Destiny of Pittsburg.

=Roberts, William.= _W._, 1809-1887. A Welsh Presbyterian clergyman of Utica from 1875. He published, in Welsh, The Abrahamic Covenant; The Election of Grace.

=Roberts, William Henry.= _W._, 1844- ----. A Presbyterian clergyman, professor of theology in Lane Seminary, 1886-93, and stated clerk of the General Assembly from 1884. History of the Presbyterian Church in the United States; Ecclesiastical Status of Theological Seminaries; The Presbyterian System.

=Robertson, John.= _Va._, 1787-1873. A Virginia jurist. Riego, or the Spanish Martyr, a tragedy; Opuscula, a book of verse.

=Robinson, Mrs. Annie Douglas [Green].= “Marian Douglas.” _N. H._, 1842- ----. A writer of Bristol, New Hampshire. Picture Poems for Young Folks; Peter and Polly, or Home Life in New England One Hundred Years Ago. _Do._

=Robinson, Charles.= _Ms._, 1818-1894. A noted Kansas politician, three times governor of the State as candidate of the Free State party, 1856-59. The Kansas Conflict (1892). _Har._

=Robinson, Charles Seymour.= _Vt._, 1829-1899. A Presbyterian clergyman of prominence in New York city, well known as an hymnologist. Besides Laudes Domini, and other hymnals, he published Church Work, a volume of sermons; Studies on the New Testament; Studies of Neglected Texts; The Pharaohs of the Bondage and the Exodus; Simon Peter, his Life and Work; Studies in Mark’s Gospel; Simon Peter’s Later Life and Labors; Sermons in Songs; Sabbath Evening Sermons. _Fu._

=Robinson, Edith.= _Ms._, 1858- ----. A Boston novelist. A Forced Acquaintance; Penhallow Tales; A Loyal Little Maid. _Cop. Hou. Kt._

=Robinson, Edward.= _Ct._, 1794-1863. A distinguished Congregational clergyman and Biblical scholar of New York city, a professor in Union Seminary, 1837-63, and the founder of the Bibliotheca Sacra. Harmony of the Four Gospels, in Greek; Harmony of the Four Gospels, in English; Biblical Researches in Palestine; Physical Geography of the Holy Land; A Greek and English Lexicon of the New Testament. _See Life by R. D. Hitchcock; Allibone’s Dictionary._ _Hou. Rev._

=Robinson, Ezekiel Gilman.= _Ms._, 1815-1894. A Baptist clergyman and educator, president of Brown University, 1872-89. Yale Lectures on Preaching; Principles and Practice of Morality; Christian Evidences. _Ho. Sil._

=Robinson, Fayette.= _Va._, -----1859. Mexico and her Military Chieftains; Account of the Organization of the United States Army; California and the Gold Regions (1849); Spanish Grammar; Wizard of the Wave, a romance; and a number of translations from the French.

=Robinson, Frank Torrey.= _Ms._, 1845-1898. A journalist and art critic of Boston, and more recently one of the curators of the Metropolitan Museum of New York city. Quaint New England; Living New England Artists; History of the Fifth Massachusetts Regiment of Volunteer Militia.

=Robinson, Mrs. Harriet Jane [Hanson].= _Ms._, 1825- ----. Wife of W. S. Robinson, _infra_. A prominent woman-suffragist of Malden, Massachusetts. In her early life she was one of the contributors to the noted Lowell Offering. Massachusetts in the Woman Suffrage Movement; Captain Mary Miller, a drama; Early Factory Labor in New England; The New Pandora, a drama in blank verse. _Put. Rob._

=Robinson, Harry Perry.= _E. I._, 1860- ----. An English littérateur resident in the United States from 1883, and now (1897) living in Chicago. A brother of Philip Robinson, the English writer. Men Born Equal, a novel; monographs on railway topics. _Har._

=Robinson, Horatio Nelson.= _N. Y._, 1806-1867. A mathematician and educator of Cincinnati, Ohio, after 1854 a resident of Eldridge, New York. University Algebra; Mathematical Recreations; Treatise on Surveying and Navigation; Treatise on Astronomy; Analytical Geometry and Conic Sections, include the greater number of his writings. _Am._

=Robinson, John Hovey.= _Me._, 1825- ----. A physician who wrote a large number of sensational romances of slight literary merit, among which are, White Rover; Nightshade; Silver-Knife.

=Robinson, Mrs. Leora [Bettison].= _Ark._, 1840- ----. A writer and educator of Tallahassee. House with Spectacles; Than; Patsy.

=Robinson, Mrs. Martha Harrison.= _Va._, 18-- - ----. A writer of Philadelphia who has published a number of translations from the French, and Helen Erskine, an original novel. _Lip._

=Robinson, Mrs. Mary Dommet [Nauman].= _Pa._, 185- - ----. A novelist of Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Twisted Threads; Sidney Elliot; The Enchanted Princess; Clyde Wardleigh’s Promise; Eva’s Adventures in Shadowland. _Lip._

=Robinson, Rowland Evans.= _Vt._, 1833-1900. A farmer of Ferrisburgh, Vermont. Danvis Folks, a novel; Vermont: a Study of Independence; Uncle ’Lisha’s Shop; In New England Fields and Woods. _Hou._

=Robinson, Mrs. Sarah Tappan Doolittle [Lawrence].= _Ms._, 1827- ----. Wife of C. Robinson, _supra_. A writer of Lawrence, Kansas, who published, in 1856, Kansas: its Exterior and Interior Life, a work giving valuable information concerning a critical period in the history of the State.

=Robinson, Solon.= _Ct._, 1803-1880. A journalist of New York city long known as an agricultural writer for The Tribune, and after 1870 a resident of Jacksonville, Florida. Hot Corn, or Life Scenes in New York, a very popular book for a short period; Facts for Farmers, which was extensively circulated; How to Live, or Domestic Economy Illustrated; Me-won-i-toc.

=Robinson, Stillman Williams.= _Vt._, 1838- ----. A civil engineer, professor of physics at Ohio State University from 1878. Practical Treatise on the Teeth of Wheels; Railroad Economics; Strength of Wrought Iron Bridge Materials.

=Robinson, Stuart.= _I._, 1816-1881. A Presbyterian clergyman of prominence in Louisville. Discourses of Redemption; The Church of God. _Ap._

=Robinson, Mrs. Therese Albertine Luise [Von Jakob].= “Talvi.” _G._, 1797-1869. Wife of E. Robinson, _supra_. An able and learned author who wrote both in English and German, using the pseudonym Talvi in the latter case. Characteristik der Volkslieder germanischen Nationen; Die Unechtheit der Lieder Ossians; Aus der Geschichte der ersten Ansiedelungen in den Vereinigten Staaten; Die Colonisation von New England; Fifteen Years, a Picture from the Last Century; Historical View of the Language and Literature of the Slavic Nations. She also wrote a number of stories which her daughter translated from the German, including Psyche; Heloise; Life’s Discipline; The Exiles.

=Robinson, Tracy.= _N. Y._, 1833- ----. An official of the Panama Railway, 1861-74, and subsequently a resident of New York city. Song of the Palm, and Other Poems.

=Robinson, William Stevens.= “Warrington.” _Ms._, 1818-1876. A journalist of Boston long known as the Boston correspondent of the New York Tribune and the Springfield Republican. The Salary Grab; Manual of Parliamentary Practice; Warrington’s Pen Portraits; Personal and Political. _See Memoir by Mrs. Robinson._ _Le._

=Roche, James Jeffrey.= _I._, 1847- ----. A popular Boston journalist, since 1890 the editor of The Pilot. Songs and Satires; Ballads of Blue Water; Life of John Boyle O’Reilly, _supra_; The Story of the Filibusters; Her Majesty the King. _Hou. St._

=Rochester, Thomas Fortescue.= _N. Y._, 1823-1887. A once prominent physician of Buffalo. The Army Surgeon; Medical Men and Medical Matters in 1776.

=Rockwell, Alphonso David.= _Ct._, 1840- ----. A physician of New York city. Relation of Electricity to Medicine and Surgery; Medical and Surgical Uses of Electricity (with G. M. Beard, _supra_).

=Rockwell, Charles.= _Ct._, 1806-1882. A Congregational clergyman who held pastorates in the New England and other States. Sketches of Foreign Travel and Life at Sea; The Catskill Mountains and the Region Around.

=Rockwell, Joel Edson.= _Vt._, 1816-1882. A Presbyterian clergyman of Stapleton, Staten Island. Sketches of the Presbyterian Church; The Young Christian Warned; Scenes and Impressions Abroad; My Sheet Anchor; Seed Thoughts.

=Rockwell, John Arnold.= _Ct._, 1803-1861. A jurist of Norwich, Connecticut. Spanish and American Law in Relation to Mines and Titles to Real Estate.

=Rodenbough, Theophilus Francis.= _Pa._, 1838- ----. A Federal army officer, assistant inspector-general of New York State, 1880-83. From Everglade to Cañon with the Second United States Cavalry; Afghanistan and the Anglo-Russian Dispute; Uncle Sam’s Medal of Honor.

=Rodman, Thomas Jefferson.= _Ind._, 1815-1871. An army officer, brevetted brigadier-general in 1865. He invented the method of hollow casting. Report of Experiments on Metals for Cannon and Cannon Powder.

=Rodney, Cæsar Augustus.= _Del._, 1772-1824. A noted Delaware jurist, prominent in Congress, and the first United States minister to Argentina. Reports on the Present State of the United Provinces of South America (with T. Graham) (1824).

=Roe, Azel Stevens.= _N. Y._, 1798-1886. A once popular novelist who was for many years a wine merchant of New York city. True to the Last; A Long Look Ahead; Time and Tide; To Love and To Be Loved; James Montjoy; True Love Rewarded; How Could He Help It?; Looking Around; Woman Our Angel; The Cloud in the Heart.

=Roe, Edward Payson.= _N. Y._, 1838-1888. A Presbyterian clergyman who retired from the ministry, and, living at Cornwall-on-the-Hudson, devoted himself to novel-writing. His stories, which are nearly all of a semi-religious character, have been extraordinarily popular, but it must be admitted that their literary merit is very slight, the style being weak and inflated and the construction poor. The best that can be said in their favour is that they are well-intentioned. Barriers Burned Away; Opening a Chestnut Burr; A Face Illumined; His Sombre Rivals; What Can She Do?; Near to Nature’s Heart; From Jest to Earnest; A Knight of the Nineteenth Century; A Day of Fate; Without a Home; A Young Girl’s Wooing; An Original Belle; Driven Back to Eden; Nature’s Serial Story; The Earth Trembled; Miss Lou; Taken Alive, and Other Stories. He also published two horticultural books, The Home Acre; Success with Small Fruits. _Do._

=Roe, Edward Reynolds.= 18-- - ----. A novelist of Chicago. Brought to Bay; The Grey and the Blue; God Reigns: Lay Sermons; From the Beaten Path; May and June.

=Roebling, John Augustus.= _P._, 1800-1869. A civil engineer of note who built the suspension bridge across the Ohio between Cincinnati and Covington, and was the designer of the Brooklyn Bridge. Long and Short Span Railway Bridges.

=Roebling, Washington Augustus.= _P._, 1837- ----. Son of J. A. Roebling, _supra_. A famous civil engineer of Brooklyn who completed the Brooklyn Bridge. He has published Military Suspension Bridges. _See Schuyler’s Studies in American Architecture._

=Roemer, Jean.= _E._, 1806-1892. An educator of New York city, vice-president of the College of the City of New York from 1869. Dictionary of English-French Idioms; Polyglot Readers; Cavalry; Principles of General Grammar; Cours de lecture et de traduction; Origins of the English People and Language; Left in the Wilderness. _Ap._

=Rogé, Mrs. Charlotte Fiske [Bates].= _N. Y._, 1838- ----. An educator and verse-writer of Cambridge and New York city who has written Risk, and Other Poems, and edited The Cambridge Book of Poetry and other works. _Cr. Hou._

=Rogers, Fairman.= _Pa._, 1833-1900. A professor of civil engineering in the University of Pennsylvania, 1855-70. The Magnetism of Iron Vessels.

=Rogers, Henry Darwin.= _Pa._, 1808-1866. A noted geologist who was professor in the University of Pennsylvania, 1835-46, and held the chair of natural history in the Scottish University of Glasgow from 1857 till his death. The Geology of Pennsylvania; Geological Map of Pennsylvania. _Lip._

=Rogers, Henry Wade.= _N. Y._, 1853- ----. A lawyer and educator, president of Northwestern University, 1890-1900. Illinois Citations; Expert Testimony.

=Rogers, Horatio.= _R. I._, 1836- ----. A Providence jurist who has published The Private Libraries of Providence; Mary Dyer of Rhode Island, the Quaker Martyr; and edited Hadden’s Journal and Orderly Books. _Pr._

=Rogers, James Webb.= _N. C._, 1822-1896. A writer who in early life was an Episcopal clergyman in Tennessee, and during the Civil War a Confederate officer. He became a Roman Catholic in 1878 and settled in Washington as a lawyer. Lafitte, or the Greek Slave; Arlington, and Other Poems; Parthenon.

=Rogers, Robert Cameron.= _N. Y._, 1862- ----. A littérateur of Buffalo. The Wind in the Clearing, and Other Poems; Will of the Wasp, a yarn of the War of 1812; Old Dorset, a collection of short stories. _Put._

=Rogers, Robert William.= _Pa._, 1864- ----. A Methodist clergyman and educator, professor of Hebrew in Drew Theological Seminary, Madison, New Jersey, from 1893. Two Texts of Esarhaddon; Unpublished Inscriptions of Esarhaddon; The Inscriptions of Sennacherib.

=Rogers, William Barton.= _Pa._, 1804-1882. Brother of H. D. Rogers, _supra_. An eminent scientist of Boston, the founder of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, in 1862, and its president, 1862-70, and again, 1878-81. The Geology of the Virginias; Elements of Mechanical Philosophy; The Strength of Materials. _See The Brothers Rogers, by W. Ruschenberger, infra, 1885; Life by E. Rogers, 1896._ _Ap._

=Rohlfs, Mrs. Anna Katharine [Green].= _L. I._, 1846- ----. A very popular novelist of Buffalo whose detective romances display much inventive skill. The Sword of Damocles; The Leavenworth Case; A Strange Disappearance; Hand and Ring; The Mill Mystery; Behind Closed Doors; Cynthia Wakeham’s Money; Marked “Personal”; Miss Hurd; An Enigma; Dr. Izard; Old Stone House, and Other Stories; 7 to 12; X, Y, Z; The Doctor, His Wife, and the Clock; That Affair Next Door; Risifi’s Daughter, a Drama; The Defence of the Bride, and Other Poems. _Put._

=Rolfe, John Carew.= _Ms._, 1859- ----. Son of W. J. Rolfe, _infra_. A professor of Latin in the University of Michigan. Heauton Timorumenos of Terence. _Gi._

=Rolfe, William James.= _Ms._, 1827- ----. A distinguished Shakespearean scholar and educator of Cambridge. He has published Shakespeare the Boy; two annotated editions of Shakespeare, the Friendly Edition in twenty volumes, and a School Edition in forty volumes; and a series of annotated editions of selections from Tennyson, Browning, Wordsworth, Gray, Goldsmith, Scott, and other English poets. He has also edited Craik’s English of Shakespeare; and is co-author with J. H. Hanson of several classical text-books, and with J. A. Gillet of The Cambridge Physics. _Har. Hou._

=Rollins, Mrs. Alice Marland [Wellington].= _Ms._, 1847-1897. A littérateur of New York city. My Welcome Beyond, and Other Poems; The Ring of Amethyst, and Other Poems; The Story of a Ranch; All Sorts of Children; The Three Tetons; From Palm to Glacier; Uncle Tom’s Tenement, a study of New York tenement-house life. _Put._

=Rollins, Mrs. Ellen Chapman [Hobbs].= “E. H. Arr.” _N. H._, 1831-1881. A writer of Philadelphia. New England Bygones; Old-Time Child-life. _See Memoir by Gail Hamilton, 1882._ _Lip._

=Ronayne, Maurice.= _I._, 1828-1903. A Roman Catholic clergyman and educator of New York city, professor of history at St. Francis Xavier’s College from 1888. Religion and Science; God Knowable and Known.

=Rood, Ogden Nicholas.= _Ct._, 1831-1902. A physicist of note, professor of physics at Columbia College from 1863, and author of Modern Chromatics. _Ap._

=Roosa= [ro´zah], =Daniel Bennett St. John.= _N. Y._, 1838- ----. A prominent physician of New York city, and a professor at the University of the City of New York, 1863-82. Treatise on the Ear; A Doctor’s Suggestions; On the Necessity of Wearing Glasses.

=Roosevelt, Blanche.= _See Macchetta d’Allegri, Marchesa._

=Roosevelt, Robert Barnwell.= _N. Y._, 1829- ----. A lawyer of New York city who was minister to the Netherlands, 1888-89. The Game Fish of North America; Coast and Game Birds of the Northern States; Florida and the Game Water Birds; Love and Luck; Progressive Petticoats; Five Acres Too Much, a Satire. _Har._

=Roosevelt, Theodore.= _N. Y._, 1858- ----. Nephew of R. B. Roosevelt, _supra_. The twenty-fifth president of the United States. The Naval War of 1812; Hunting Trips of a Ranchman; Ranch Life and the Hunting Trail; The Winning of the West; The Wilderness Hunter; Essays on Practical Politics; History of the City of New York; American Ideals, and Other Essays; The Rough Riders; The Strenuous Life: Essays and Addresses; The Deer Family (with others); Lives of Thomas H. Benton, _supra_, Gouverneur Morris, _supra_, and Oliver Cromwell. _Cent. Hou. Lgs. Mac. Put._

=Ropes, John Codman.= _R._, 1836-1899. A lawyer of Boston well known as a military historian. The Army under Pope; The Campaign of Waterloo; Atlas of Waterloo; The First Napoleon; The Story of the Civil War. _Hou. Put. Scr._

=Rose, Aquila.= _E._, 1695-1723. A printer and verse-writer of Philadelphia whose Poems on Several Occasions were collected after his death.

=Rosengarten, Joseph George.= _Pa._, 1835- ----. A lawyer of Philadelphia. The German Soldier in the Wars of the United States. _Lip._

=Rosenthal, Lewis.= _Md._, 1856- ----. A journalist who has published America and France: the Influence of the United States on France in the Eighteenth Century. _Ho._

=Ross, Albert.= _See Porter, L. B._

=Ross, Clinton.= _N. Y._, 1861- ----. A novelist of New York city. The Silent Workman; The Countess Bettina; The Speculator; Adventures of Three Worthies; Improbable Tales; Two Soldiers and a Politician; The Puppet; The Scarlet Coat; Battle Tales; Bobbie McDuff; The Meddling Hussy; Zuleika. _Lam. Put. St._

=Ross, Frederick Augustus.= _Va._, 1796-1883. A Presbyterian clergyman of Huntsville, Alabama. Slavery as Ordained of God.

=Rosser, Leonidas.= _Va._, 1815-1892. A Methodist clergyman of Virginia. Baptism; Experimental Religion; Class Meetings; Recognition in Heaven; Open Communion; Initial Life; Reply to Howell’s “Evils of Baptism.”

=Rotch= [rōch], =Abbott Lawrence.= _Ms._, 1861- ----. A meteorologist who founded the Blue Hill meteorological observatory in Milton, Massachusetts, in 1885, and who has published many valuable meteorological papers.

=Rothrock, Joseph Trimble.= _Pa._, 1839- ----. A professor of botany in the University of Pennsylvania from 1877. Botany of the Wheeler Expedition; Vacation Cruisings; Flora of Alaska; Revision of the North American Gaurineæ, include his principal publications. _Lip._

=Round, William Marshall Fitz.= _R. I._, 1845- ----. A writer active in prison reforms. His books for juvenile readers include, Achsah; Child Marion Abroad; Torn and Mended; Hal; Rosecroft. _Le._

=Rouquette= [roŏ-ket´], =Adrien Emmanuel.= _La._, 1813-1887. A Roman Catholic clergyman and educator of New Orleans, known as the Abbé Rouquette. Les Savannes; Poésies américaines; Wild Flowers; Sacred Poetry; Le Thébaïde en Amérique; L’Antoniade, ou la Solitude avec Dieu; Poëmes patriotiques.

=Rouquette, François Dominique.= _Pa._, 1810-1890. Brother of A. E. Rouquette, _supra_. A lawyer who resided in France for part of his life. Les Meschacébéennes; Fleurs d’Amérique; and a work in French and English on the Choctaw Indians.

=Rowe, Mrs. Henrietta Gould.= _Me._, 1835- ----. A writer of Bangor, Maine. Re-told Tales of the Hills and Shores of Maine; Queenshithe.

=Rowland, Henry Augustus.= _Ct._, 1804-1859. A Congregational clergyman of Newark, New Jersey. Common Maxims of Infidelity; The Path of Life; Light in a Dark Valley; The Way of Peace. _See Memorial of, by Fairchild, 1860._

=Rowson, Mrs. Susanna [Haswell].= _E._, 1762-1824. A once famous novelist whose Charlotte Temple was the most popular tale of its day. Born in England, she came to Boston as a child, but returned to England in 1784 and there married. In 1793 she came again to America, and after a short career as an actress opened a school in Boston, which was very successful. Her writings include Victoria; Mary, or the Test of Honour; The Fille de Chambre; The Inquisitor; The Trials of the Heart; Reuben and Rachel; Lucy Temple, a sequel to Charlotte Temple; Miscellaneous Poems; The Slaves of Algiers, an opera; The Volunteers, a farce; The French Patriot, a comedy. _See Memoir by E. Nason, supra, 1870._

=Royall, Mrs. Anne.= _Va._, 1769-1854. A once well-known and unpopular Washington journalist, editor of the Washington Paul Pry, whose literary style was quite devoid of merit. The Black Book; The Tennessean, a novel; Sketches of History, Life, and Manners in the United States; A Southern Tour: Letters from Alabama.

=Royce, Josiah.= _Cal._, 1855- ----. A professor of the history of philosophy at Harvard University. The Religious Aspect of Philosophy; California: a Study of American Character; The Feud of Oakfield Creek, a novel; Primer of Logical Analysis; The Spirit of Modern Philosophy. _Hou._

=Rudder, William.= _B. G._, 1820-1880. An Episcopal clergyman of Philadelphia, rector of St. Stephen’s Church. Sermons; A Rationale of the Church’s Liturgic Worship. _Co. Lip._

=Rude, Mrs. Ellen [Sergeant].= _N. Y._, 1838- ----. A verse-writer of Duluth who has published Magnolia Leaves (verse).

=Ruffner, Henry.= _Va._, 1798-1861. A Presbyterian clergyman of Virginia, and a noted opponent of slavery. Fathers of the Desert: a History of Monachism; Future Punishment.

=Ruffner, William Henry.= _Va._, 1824- ----. Son of W. Ruffner, _supra_. A Presbyterian clergyman of Philadelphia, and from 1870 State superintendent of public instruction in Virginia. Charity and the Clergy.

=Ruggles, Henry Joseph.= _N. Y._, 1813- ----. A lawyer of New York city. The Method of Shakespeare as an Artist; The Plays of Shakespeare founded on Literary Forms. _Hou._

=Rumford, Benjamin Thompson, Count.= _Ms._, 1753-1814. A statesman and philosopher. After serving Great Britain in the War of the Revolution, he entered the service of the Elector of Bavaria, rose to the position of minister of war, and was created Count of the Holy Roman Empire, taking his title Rumford from Rumford, now Concord, New Hampshire. Essays: Political, Economical, and Philosophical, 1798-1806. _See Cuvier’s Éloge de Rumford; Sparks’s American Biography; Life by G. E. Ellis, supra; Atlantic Monthly, April, 1871._

=Runcie, Mrs. Constance [Faunt Le Roy].= _Ind._, 1836- ----. A writer whose home was many years at St. Joseph, Missouri. Divinely Led; Poems, Dramatic and Lyric; Woman’s Work; Felix Mendelssohn; Children’s Stories and Fables.

=Runkle, John Daniel.= _N. Y._, 1822-1902. A noted mathematician, professor of mathematics in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1870-78. Elements of Plane and Solid Analytic Geometry. _Gi._

=Rupp, Isaac Daniel.= _Pa._, 1803-1878. An industrious local historian of Pennsylvania, who, besides writing histories of nearly thirty counties in his State, published also Events in Indian History; History of Religious Denominations in the United States; Early History of Western Pennsylvania; Thirty Thousand Names of German Emigrants.

=Ruschenberger= [roo´shĕn-ber-ḡer], =William S. W.= _N. Y._, 1807-1895. A noted naval surgeon and naturalist of Philadelphia. Elements of Natural History; A Voyage Around the World; Three Weeks in the Pacific; Notes and Commentaries during Voyages to Brazil and China; Lexicon of Natural History Terms; Account of the College of Physicians and Surgeons in Philadelphia, 1787-1887; The Brothers Rogers.

=Rush, Benjamin.= _Pa._, 1745-1813. An eminent physician of Philadelphia who was one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence and treasurer of the United States Mint, 1799-1813. Treatise on Diseases of the Mind; Essays, Literary, Moral, and Philosophical; Sixteen Introductory Lectures. _See Thacher’s Medical Biography; Allibone’s Dictionary; Appletons’ American Biography._

=Rush, Benjamin.= _Pa._, 1811-1877. Son of R. Rush, _infra_. A lawyer of Philadelphia. Appeal for the Union; Letters on the Rebellion, 1862.

=Rush, Jacob.= _Pa._, 1746-1820. Brother of B. Rush, 1st. A Philadelphia jurist. Charges on Moral and Religious Subjects; Character of Christ; Christian Baptism.

=Rush, James.= _Pa._, 1786-1869. Son of B. Rush, 1st. A distinguished Philadelphia citizen, the founder of the Ridgeway Library, to which he left one million dollars. He was a physician by profession, but lived the life of a recluse. The Philosophy of the Human Voice; Analysis of the Human Intellect; Rhymes of Contrast on Wisdom and Folly. _Lip._

=Rush, Richard.= _Pa._, 1780-1859. Son of B. Rush, 1st, _supra_. A Philadelphia statesman who was secretary of the treasury, 1825-29. Codification of the Laws of the United States (1815); Court of London (1819-25); Washington in Domestic Life; Occasional Productions. _See Allibone’s Dictionary._

=Russell, Addison Peale.= _O._, 1826- ----. An Ohio journalist and essayist, now (1897) living in retirement in Wilmington, Ohio. Half Tints; Library Notes; Thomas Corwin, a Sketch; Characteristics; A Club of One; In a Club Corner; Sub-Cœlum. _Clke. Hou._

=Russell, Francis Thayer.= _Ms._, 1828- ----. Son of W. Russell, _infra_. An Episcopal clergyman and educator of Waterbury, Connecticut, rector of St. Margaret’s School there, and voice instructor in the General Theological Seminary in New York city. The Use of the Voice.

=Russell, Irwin.= _Mi._, 1853-1879. A Southern writer of dialect verse. Dialect Poems. _Cent._

=Russell, Israel Cook.= _N. Y._, 1852- ----. A professor of geology in the University of Michigan from 1892, and a geologist in the United States Geological Survey, 1880-92. Lakes of North America; Lake Lahontan; Quarternary History of Moro Valley; Glaciers of North America; Present and Extinct Lakes of Nevada; Volcanoes of North America, and many geological reports. _Am. Gi._

=Russell, William.= _S._, 1798-1873. An elocutionist of note, widely known in his day as a teacher. Orthophony, or Vocal Culture; Pulpit Elocution; Lessons in Enunciation; Grammar of Composition. _Hou._

=Russell, William Eustis.= _Ms._, 1857-1896. A popular Massachusetts statesman, mayor of his native city of Cambridge, 1884-88, and governor of Massachusetts, 1890-93. Speeches and Messages. _Lit._

=Rutherford, Mildred.= _Ga._, 1852- ----. An educator of Athens, Georgia. Her series of literary text-books includes, English Authors; American Authors; Classic Authors; French and German Authors.

=Rutledge, Edward.= _S. C._, 1797-1832. An Episcopal clergyman who was professor of moral philosophy at the University of Pennsylvania. The Family Altar; History of the Church of England.

=Ruttenber, Edward Manning.= _Vt._, 1824- ----. An antiquary of Newburg, New York, who has published a History of Newburg; History of Orange County; History of the Hudson River Tribes.

=Ryan, Abram Joseph.= “Father Ryan.” _Va._, 1839-1888. A Roman Catholic priest and verse-writer of the South whose verse has been much over-praised in some quarters. It is spirited and fluent, but has not the literary quality needful to preserve it. Poems, Patriotic, Religious, and Miscellaneous; The Conquered Banner, and Other Poems; A Crown for Our Queen.

=Ryan, Father.= _See Ryan, Abram._

=Ryan, Mrs. Marah Ellis [Martin].= _Pa._, 1860- ----. An actress and novelist living at Fayette Springs, Pennsylvania. A Pagan of the Alleghanies; Merze; On Love’s Domains; Told in the Hills; Squaw Eloise.

=Ryan, Patrick John.= _I._, 1831- ----. A Roman Catholic archbishop of Philadelphia. What Catholics do Not Believe; Some of the Causes of Modern Religious Scepticism.

=Ryan, Stephen Vincent.= _Ont._, 1825-1896. The Roman Catholic bishop of Buffalo from 1860. The Claims of a Protestant Episcopal Bishop to Apostolical Succession and Valid Orders Disproved.

=Rylance, Joseph Hine.= _E._, 1826- ----. An Episcopal clergyman of New York city, rector of St. Mark’s in the Bowery from 1871, and prominent among Broad Churchmen. Preachers and Preaching; Essays on Miracles; Social Questions; Pulpit Talks on Topics of the Time; Christian Rationalism. _Wh._

S

=Sabin, Elijah Robinson.= _Ct._, 1776-1818. A Methodist evangelist of New England. The Road to Happiness; Charles Observator.

=Sabin, Joseph.= _E._, 1821-1881. An English publisher and bibliophile who came to America in 1848, and finally, settling in New York city, became widely known as a bookseller and collector of rare books. The Thirty-Nine Articles of the Church of England, with Scriptural Proofs; Bibliotheca Americana; Bibliography of Bibliographies.

=Sabine, Lorenzo.= _N. H._, 1803-1877. Son of E. R. Sabin, _supra_, but choosing another spelling of his surname. A secret government agent in relation to the Ashburton Treaty, and secretary of the Boston Board of Trade in his later years, as well as member of Congress from Massachusetts. The American Loyalists; Life of Commodore Edward Preble, in Sparks’s American Biography; Notes on Duels and Duelling; Report on the Principal Fisheries of the American Seas. _Lit._

=Sachs, Bernard.= _Md._, 1858- ----. A physician of New York city, well known as a neurologist. Nervous and Mental Diseases of Childhood, and many professional monographs.

=Sachse, Julius Friedrich.= _Pa._,1842- ----. A journalist of Philadelphia. The German Pietists of Provincial Pennsylvania; The Genesis of the Lutheran Church in Pennsylvania.

=Sadlier= [săd-leer´], =Anna Teresa.= _Q._, 1856- ----. Daughter of Mrs. Sadlier, _infra_. Seven Years and Mair; The King’s Page; Ethel Hamilton; Names that Live: a volume of biographies; Women of Catholicity; The Silent Woman of Alood; and many translations from the French, Italian, and German. _Har. Sad._

=Sadlier, Mrs. Mary Anne [Madden].= _I._, 1820-1903. A prominent writer of Roman Catholic Sunday-school tales, wife of J. Sadlier, a New York publisher. Among her many writings are, Alice Riordan; Red Hand of Ulster; The Daughter of Tyrconnell; The Old House by the Boyne.

=Sadtler, Samuel Philip.= _Pa._, 1847- ----. A chemist of Philadelphia, professor in the University of Pennsylvania from 1875. Chemical Experimentation; Handbook of Industrial Organic Chemistry; A Text-Book of Chemistry (with H. Trimble). _Lip._

=Safford, James Merrill.= _O._, 1822- ----. The State geologist of Tennessee from 1854, professor in Vanderbilt University from 1875. A Geological Reconnoissance of Tennessee; Geology of Tennessee.

=Safford, Truman Henry.= _Vt._, 1836-1901. An astronomer of note, famous in childhood as a mathematician, and professor of astronomy at Williams College from 1876. Mathematical Teaching and its Modern Methods.

=Safford, William Harrison.= _W. Va._, 1821- ----. A lawyer of Chillicothe, Ohio. Life of Blennerhasset; The Blennerhasset Papers. _Clke._

=Salisbury, Edward Elbridge.= _Ms._, 1814-1901. A philologist of distinction, professor of Arabic at Yale University, 1841-56. General and Biographical Monographs (1885).

=Saltus, Edgar Evertson.= _N. Y._, 1858- ----. A novelist of New York city. Balzac: a Study; The Philosophy of Disenchantment; The Anatomy of Negation; Mr. Incoul’s Misadventure; The Truth about Tristram Varick; Eden; A Transaction in Hearts; When Dreams Come True; The Pace that Kills. _Hou._

=Saltus, Francis Saltus.= _N. Y._, 1849-1889. Brother of E. E. Saltus, _supra_. An erratic verse-writer, much of whose life was passed abroad. His verse is not without a certain luxurious power, but it is wilful in the extreme, diffuse, and unpruned. Honey and Gall; Shadows and Ideals; The Witch of Endor; The Bayadere, and Other Sonnets. _Lip. Put._

=Sampson, Ezra.= _Ms._, 1749-1823. A Congregational clergyman at Plympton, Massachusetts, 1775-95, subsequently a journalist in Hartford. Beauties of the Bible; The Historical Dictionary; The Sham Patriot Unmasked; The Brief Remarker on the Ways of Men. _See Sprague’s Annals of the American Pulpit._ _Har._

=Sampson, John Patterson.= _N. C._, 1837- ----. A minister of the African Methodist church, prior to 1882 a lawyer in Washington. Common Sense Physiology; The Disappointed Bride; Temperament and Phrenology of Mixed Races; Jolly People; Illustrations in Theology.

=Sampson, William.= _I._, 1764-1836. A once famous lawyer of New York city who came to America in 1798, having previously been a barrister in Dublin. Sampson Against the Philistines, or the Reform of Lawsuits; Memoir of William Sampson, are his chief works.

=Samson, George Whitefield.= _Ms._, 1819-1896. A Baptist clergyman and educator of New York city, president of Rutgers Female College from 1871. A voluminous writer whose principal works comprise, Elements of Art Criticism; Physical Media in Spiritual Manifestations; The Atonement; The Divine Law as to Wines; Idols of Fashion and Culture; Tested Truths as to Relations of Capital and Labor; Outlines of the History of Ethics; Spiritualism Tested, originally issued as To Daimonion; Guide to Self-Education; The Bible Revisers’ Greek Text; Guide to Bible Interpretation. _Lip._

=Samuels, Adelaide Frances.= _Ms._, 1845- ----. Sister of E. A. Samuels, _infra_. A writer for juveniles. Dick and Daisy Series; Dick Travers Abroad Series; Daisy Travers. _Le._

=Samuels, Edward Augustus.= _Ms._, 1836- ----. A Boston naturalist. Ornithology and Oölogy of New England; Among the Birds; Mammalogy of New England; The Living World (with A. Arnold).

=Samuels, Samuel.= _Pa._, 1825- ----. A noted seaman and inventor who organized the Steam Heating Company of New York city in 1881. From Forecastle to Cabin. _Har._

=Samuels, Mrs. Susan Blagge [Caldwell].= _Ms._, 1848- ----. Wife of E. A. Samuels, _supra_. A popular writer for juveniles. The Golden Rule Series. _Le._

=Sanborn, Alvan Francis.= _Ms._, 1866- ----. Moody’s Lodging House, and Other Tenement Sketches; Meg McIntyre’s Raffle, and Other Stories. _Cop._

=Sanborn, Edwin David.= _N. H._, 1808-1885. An educator who was professor of literature at Dartmouth College, 1863-85, and author of a History of New Hampshire.

=Sanborn, Franklin Benjamin.= _N. H._, 1831- ----. A noted journalist and reformer living at Concord, Massachusetts, and connected with The Springfield Republican from 1868. Life of Thoreau; Life and Letters of John Brown; Life of Dr. S. E. Howe, _supra_. _Fu. Hou. Rob._

=Sanborn, Helen Josephine.= _Me._, 1857- ----. A Winter in Central America, a volume of travels. _Le._

=Sanborn, Kate.= _See Sanborn, Katherine._

=Sanborn, Katherine Abbott.= _N. H._, 1839- ----. Daughter of E. D. Sanborn, _supra_. A popular and versatile writer of ephemeral books, who was professor of English literature at Smith College prior to 1886. Home Pictures of English Poets; Vanity and Insanity of Genius; Adopting an Abandoned Farm; Abandoning an Adopted Farm; A Truthful Woman in Southern California; My Literary Zoo, and a number of compilations. _Ap. Fu. Hou._

=Sanborn, Mrs. Mary [Farley].= 18-- - ----. A novelist of Boston. Sweet and Twenty; It Came to Pass; Paula Ferris. _Le._

=Sandeman, Robert.= _S._, 1718 or 1723-1771. The founder of the Sandemanian sect, who came to America in 1764 and gathered a church at Danbury, Connecticut, where he died. Letters on Theron and Aspasio; Thoughts on Christianity.

=Sanders, Daniel Clarke.= _Ms._, 1768-1850. A Congregational clergyman and educator, president of the University of Vermont, 1800-14, subsequently pastor at Medfield, Massachusetts. A History of the Indian Wars with the First Settlers of the United States, which he published in 1812, is now a very rare book. _See Sprague’s Annals of the American Pulpit._

=Sanders, Mrs. Elizabeth [Elkins].= _Ms._, 1762-1851. A writer of Salem, Massachusetts. Conversations, principally on the Aborigines of North America; First Settlers of New England; Reviews.

=Sanderson, John.= _Pa._, 1783-1844. An educator of Philadelphia, classical professor in the High School, 1836-44, and of some note in his day as a humourist. The American in Paris; The American in England; and the first two volumes of the Biography of the Signers of the Declarations of Independence. _See Hart’s American Literature._

=Sanderson, John Philip.= _Pa._, 1818-1864. An officer in the Federal army. Views and Opinions of American Statesmen on Foreign Immigration; Republican Landmarks.

=Sanderson, Joseph.= _I._, 1823- ----. A Presbyterian clergyman in New York and other localities. Jesus on the Holy Mount; Memorial Tributes; The Bow in the Cloud.

=Sands, Alexander Hamilton.= _Va._, 1828-1887. A lawyer of Richmond, Virginia, who entered the Baptist ministry not long before his death. History of a Suit in Equity; Recreations of a Southern Barrister; Practical Law Forms; Sermons by a Village Pastor.

=Sands, Robert Charles.= _N. Y._, 1799-1832. A journalist and verse-writer of New York city who wrote a Life of Paul Jones; The Talisman (with Bryant and Verplanck); co-author with Eastburn of the once noted poem Yamoyden. _See Life by Verplanck; Griswold’s Poets and Poetry of America._

=Sanford, Henry Shelton.= _Ct._, 1823-1891. A diplomatist who was secretary of the United States legation at Paris, 1849-53, chargé d’affaires there till April, 1854, and minister to Belgium, 1861-69; and who founded the town of Sanford, Florida, in 1870. Penal Codes in Europe; The Avendslood Correspondence.

=Sangster, Mrs. Margaret Elizabeth [Munson].= _N. Y._, 1838- ----. A journalist of New York city, editor of Harper’s Bazar, 1889-99, and a popular verse-writer whose domestic poems display sentiment of a very genuine kind. Her writings in verse comprise, On the Road Home; Easter Bells; Poems of the Household; Home Fairies and Heart Flowers. She has also written a Manual of Missions of the Reformed Church, and several books for girls, including Hours with Girls; Home and Heaven; Splendid Times; Five Happy Weeks; May Stanhope and her Friend; Miss Dewbury’s School; Little Knights and Ladies. Maidie’s Problem. _Har. Hou. Meth. Wh._

=Santayana, George.= _Sp._, 1863- ----. An instructor in philosophy at Harvard University. Sonnets and Other Poems; The Sense of Beauty: being the Outlines of Æsthetic Theory. _St._

=Sargent, Charles Sprague.= _Ms._, 1841- ----. Grand-nephew of L. M. Sargent, _infra_. A botanist of eminence, Arnold professor of arboriculture at Harvard University from 1879, editor of Garden and Forest from 1888. The Silva of North America; Report on the Forests of North America; The Woods of the United States; Notes on the Forest Flora of Japan. _Ap. Hou._

=Sargent, Epes.= _Ms._, 1813-1880. A once prominent Boston journalist and littérateur, who perhaps will be longest remembered by the familiar poem, Life on the Ocean Wave. His verse includes, Songs of the Sea; Poems; The Woman who Dared. In fiction he published, Wealth and Worth; What’s to be Done?; Fleetwood; Peculiar, a tale of the Great Rebellion. He wrote the dramas, Bride of Genoa; Velasco; Change Makes Change; The Priestess. His miscellaneous writings comprise, Life of Henry Clay; American Adventures by Land and Sea; Arctic Adventures by Sea and Land; Original Dialogues; Planchette, the Despair of Science; Memoir of Franklin. He edited a popular series of school and critical editions of many English poets, and Harper’s Cyclopedia of Poetry. _Co. Har. Le. Rob._

=Sargent, Fitzwilliam.= _Ms._, 1820- ----. Grand-nephew of W. Sargent, 1st, and father of John Singer Sargent, the artist. A Philadelphia surgeon who went to live in Switzerland in 1854. Bandaging and Other Operations of Minor Surgery.

=Sargent, Henry Winthrop.= _Ms._, 1810-1882. A noted horticulturist of Fishkill, New York. Skeleton Routes through England, etc.; Treatise on Landscape Gardening. _Ap._

=Sargent, John Osborne.= _Ms._, 1811-1891. Brother of E. Sargent, _supra_. A lawyer and journalist of New York city. He translated Grün’s Last Knight; and published, also, Papers for the Times by a Berkshire Farmer; and Horatian Echoes: Translation of the Odes of Horace. _Hou._

=Sargent, Lucius Manlius.= _Ms._, 1786-1867. Brother of H. W. Sargent, _supra_, and a distant cousin of W. Sargent, 1st, _infra_. A once prominent temperance advocate of Boston. Temperance Tales, a very popular work; Dealings with the Dead; The Irrepressible Conflict; Hubert and Ellen, and Other Poems; Translations from the Minor Latin Poets. _See Reminiscences of, by Sheppard, 1889._

=Sargent, Nathan.= _Vt._, 1794-1875. A journalist and politician. Life of Henry Clay; Public Men and Events (1875).

=Sargent, Winthrop.= _Ms._, 1753-1820. A patriot soldier in the Revolutionary War, governor of Northwest Territory, 1798-1800, and of Mississippi Territory, 1790 and 1801. Papers Relating to Certain American Antiquities; Boston, a poem.

=Sargent, Winthrop.= _Pa._, 1825-1870. Grandson of W. Sargent, _supra_. A lawyer of New York city. Life of Major André, a work displaying much research. He also edited the History of Braddock’s Expedition, from Original Papers.

=Sartwell, Henry Parker.= _Ms._, 1792-1867. A botanist and physician of Penn Yan, New York, who from 1840 devoted his attention to the genus Carex. His herbarium of more than eight thousand specimens is in Hamilton College. Carices Americanæ Exsiccatæ.

=Satterlee, Henry Yates.= _N. Y._, 1843- ----. The first Protestant Episcopal bishop of Washington, prior to 1896 a prominent clergyman of New York city. A Creedless Gospel and the Gospel Creed. _Scr._

=Saunders, Frederick.= _E._, 1807-1902. The librarian of the Astor Library, New York city, 1859-96. New York in a Nut-Shell; Salad for the Solitary and Salad for the Social; Memoirs of the Great Metropolis; The Story of Some Famous Books; Story of the Discovery of the New World by Columbus (1892); Pastime Papers; Stray Leaves of Literature; Character Studies. _Ran. Wh._

=Savage, Edward Hartwell.= _N. H._, 1812-1893. A Boston policeman and justice of the peace. Boston Police Recollections; Five Thousand Boston Events, 1630-1880.

=Savage, James.= _Ms._, 1784-1873. A Boston lawyer eminent as a genealogist. He is best known as the author of a Genealogical Dictionary of the First Settlers of New England, upon which twenty years of labour were expended.

=Savage, John.= _I._, 1828-1888. A journalist of New York city, and subsequently of Washington. Poems; Picturesque Ireland; Lays of the Folkstead; Modern Revolutionary History of Ireland; Our Living Representative Men; Life of Andrew Johnson; Fenian Heroes and Martyrs; Sibyl, a tragedy; and several other plays.

=Savage, Minot Judson.= _Me._, 1841- ----. A Unitarian clergyman of prominence among radical thinkers, pastor of Unity Church, Boston, 1874-96, and, since the latter year, of the Church of the Messiah in New York city. Christianity the Science of Manhood; Beliefs About Man; Belief in God; Life Questions; Poems; The Religion of Evolution; The Religion of Morals; Talks About Jesus; The Modern Sphinx; Man, Woman, and Child; Social Problems; My Creed; Religious Reconstruction; Signs of the Times; Helps for Daily Living; Four Great Questions Concerning God; The Evolution of Christianity; Is This a Good World?; Jesus and Modern Life; A Man; Light on the Cloud; Bluffton, a novel; The Minister’s Handbook. _See Men of Progress of Massachusetts._ _El._

=Savage, Philip Henry.= _Ms._, 1868-1899. Son of M. J. Savage, _supra_. A Boston littérateur. First Poems and Fragments. _Cop._

=Savage, Richard Henry.= _N. Y._, 1846-1903. A novelist. My Official Wife; For Life and Love; A Daughter of Judas; The Anarchist; Delilah of Harlem; In the Old Chateau; The Little Judge of Lagunitas; The Masked Venus; The Flying Halcyon; Miss Devereux of the Mariquita; After Many Years, and Other Poems. _Ne._

=Sawtelle, Henry Allen.= _Me._, 1832-1885. A Baptist clergyman of San Francisco and elsewhere. Open Communion; Things to Think Of. _Ne._

=Sawyer, Mrs. Caroline Mehetabel [Fisher].= _Ms._, 1812-1894. Wife of T. J. Sawyer, _infra_. The Poetry of Hebrew Tradition.

=Sawyer, Frederick William.= _Me._, 1810-1875. A Boston lawyer. Merchant’s and Shipmaster’s Guide; Plea for Amusements; Hits at American Whims.

=Sawyer, Leicester Ambrose.= _N. Y._, 1807-1898. A Presbyterian clergyman and educator, after 1860 a resident of Whitesboro, New York, prominent as a biblical scholar. Elements of Biblical Interpretation; Mental Philosophy; Moral Philosophy; A Critical Exposition of Baptism; Organic Christianity; Reconstruction of Bible Theories. He made a translation of the Scriptures, of which the New Testament was published.

=Sawyer, Lemuel.= _N. C._, 1777-1852. A North Carolina lawyer. Life of John Randolph; Autobiography.

=Sawyer, Thomas Jefferson.= _Vt._, 1804-1899. A Universalist clergyman and educator, after 1869 a professor of theology at Tufts College. Doctrine of Eternal Salvation; Who Is God,--the Son or the Father?; Endless Punishment in the Very Words of its Advocates.

=Saxe, John Godfrey.= _Vt._, 1816-1887. A lawyer and littérateur of Vermont and subsequently of New York, widely known as a humourous poet. Progress; A New Rape of the Lock; The Proud Miss McBride; The Money King; Clever Songs of Many Nations; The Masquerade; Leisure Day Rhymes; Fables and Lyrics in Rhyme. _Hou._

=Say, Thomas.= _Pa._, 1787-1834. A zoölogist who was the first curator of the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences. In 1825 he removed to New Harmony, Indiana, and was the agent of the Owen socialist colony there. Vocabularies of Indian Languages; American Conchology; American Entomology. His Complete Writings on Conchology have been edited by Binney, and those on Entomology by Le Conte. _See Memoir by Ord._

=Sayles, John.= _N. Y._, 1825-1897. A Texas jurist, professor in Baylor University from 1880. Practice in the District and Supreme Courts of Texas; Civil Jurisdiction of Justices of the Peace in the State of Texas; Principles of Pleading in Civil Actions in the Courts of Texas; Probate Laws of Texas; Laws of Business; Constitution of Texas, with Notes; Notes on Texan Reports, include the larger number of his professional writings. _See Bibliography of Texas._

=Sayre, Lewis Albert.= _N. J._, 1820-1900. A distinguished surgeon of New York city, professor of orthopædic surgery in Bellevue Hospital College. Practical Manual of the Treatment of Club-Foot; Lectures on Orthopædic Surgery; Spinal Curvature and its Treatment. _Ap._

=Scarborough, William Saunders.= _Ga._, 1852- ----. An educator of African descent, professor of ancient languages in Wilberforce University, Ohio, from 1877. First Lessons in Greek; Theory and Functions of the Thematic Vowel in the Greek Verb.

=Schaeffer= [shā´fe̯r], =Charles Frederick.= _Pa._, 1807-1879. Son of F. D. Shaeffer, _infra_. A Lutheran clergyman and educator, professor of systematic theology in the Lutheran Theological Seminary at Philadelphia, 1864-76. A System of Lutheran Theology is one of several important works which he translated from the German. _See American Lutheran Biographies._

=Schaeffer, Charles William.= _Md._, 1813-1896. Nephew of C. F. Schaeffer, _supra_. A Lutheran clergyman and educator of eminence, professor of church history in the Philadelphia Lutheran Seminary from 1864. History of the Lutheran Church in the United States; Family Prayers.

=Schaeffer, Frederick David.= _G._, 1760-1836. A once prominent Lutheran clergyman of Philadelphia. Antwort auf eine Vertheidigung der Methodisten; Eine herzliche Anrede.

=Schaff= [shäf], =Philip.= _Sd._, 1819-1893. A distinguished German Reformed divine who came to the United States in 1844, and was professor of church history in the seminary at Mercersburg, Pennsylvania, 1844-63. In 1873 he became professor of sacred literature in Union Seminary in New York city. Principles of Protestantism; History of the Christian Church; Creeds of Christendom; Theological Propædeutics; Christ and Christianity; Critical Edition of the Heidelberg Catechism; Bible Revision; Through Bible Lands; Progress of Religious Freedom; Church and State in the United States; The Person of Christ; Literature and Poetry; A Companion to the Greek Testament and the English Version, include his principal original works. He has edited the Schaff-Herzog Encyclopædia of Religious Knowledge; Lange’s Commentary, and other important works. _Fu. Har. Ran. Scr. Wh._

=Scharf, John Thomas.= _Md._, 1843-1898. An historical writer of Baltimore. Chronicles of Baltimore; History of Maryland; History of Baltimore; History of Western Maryland; History of the City of St. Louis; History of Philadelphia; History of the Confederate Navy; History of Delaware.

=Schauffler= [show´fler], =William Gottlieb.= _G._, 1798-1883. A Congregational missionary in Turkey well known as a linguist. He translated the Bible into Hebrew-Spanish and Turkish, and also wrote Essay on the Right Use of Property; Meditations on the Last Days of Christ. _See Autobiography, 1887._ _Ran._

=Schayer, Mrs. Julia [Thompson] [von Storch].= _Me._, 1840- ----. A Washington writer. The Tiger Lily, and Other Stories.

=Schem= [shem], =Alexander Jacob.= _G._, 1826-1881. A statistician of note who was assistant superintendent of schools in New York city, 1874-81. Latin-English Dictionary (with G. Crooks, _supra_); Statistics of the World; Cyclopædia of Education (with H. Kiddle, _supra_).

=Schenck, William Edward.= _N. J._, 1819-1903. A Presbyterian minister of Philadelphia. Children in Heaven; Nearing Home; The Fountain for Sin; Church Extension in Cities.

=Schereschewsky, Samuel Isaac Joseph.= _R._, 1831- ----. The third Protestant Episcopal bishop of the China Mission. He was consecrated in 1877, but resigned his office in 1883 and lived for some years in Cambridge, but since 1895 has lived at Shanghai. He is the author of a translation of the Bible into Chinese.

=Schiefflin= [shĕf´lin], =Samuel Bradhurst.= _N. Y._, 1811-1900. A business man of New York city who wrote on religious topics. Message to the Ruling Elders; Foundations of History; Words to Christian Teachers; The Church in Ephesus and the Presbyterian and Reformed Churches.

=Schindler, Solomon.= _Sil._, 1842- ----. A Hebrew clergyman now (1897) living in Cambridge but formerly in charge of Temple Adath Israel, Boston. Young West, a sequel to “Looking Backward;” Messianic Exhortations and Modern Judaism; Dissolving Views on the History of Judaism. _Ar. Le._

=Schley, Winfield Scott.= _Md._, 1839- ----. A naval officer and explorer who published (with J. R. Soley, _infra_) The Rescue of Greeley. _Scr._

=Schmauk= [shmowk], =Theodore Emmanuel.= _Pa._, 1860- ----. A Lutheran clergyman of Lebanon, Pennsylvania, editor of The Lutheran from 1889, and author of The Negative Criticism.

=Schmidt, Henry Immanuel.= _Pa._, 1806-1889. A Lutheran clergyman and educator of New York city, professor of German in Columbia College, 1848-80. History of Education; The Lutheran Doctrine of the Lord’s Supper; Course of American Geography.

=Schmucker, Beale Melanchthon.= _Pa._, 1827-1888. Son of S. S. Schmucker, _infra_. A Lutheran clergyman of Pittsville, Pennsylvania, 1881-88. A liturgical scholar of note, editor of The Church Book of the General Council, and of The Church Service, 1888.

=Schmucker, Samuel Mosheim.= _Va._, 1823-1863. Son of S. S. Schmucker, _infra_. A Philadelphia author who was in the early part of his career a Lutheran minister. His various writings, which display industry rather than original talent, comprise for the most part Errors of Modern Infidelity; The Spanish Wife, a play; History of the Four Georges; History of All Religions; Court and Reign of Catharine II.; Lives of Washington, Hamilton, Jefferson, Webster, Clay, Dr. Kane, Frémont; Memorable Scenes in French History; History of the Modern Jews; History of Napoleon Third; Arctic Explorations; History of the Civil War in the United States (1863). _Co._

=Schmucker, Samuel Simon.= _Md._, 1799-1873. A Lutheran clergyman and educator, professor in the Theological Seminary at Gettysburg, 1826-64. He was an advocate of American Lutheranism as characterized by indifference to the distinctive doctrines of Lutheranism. Elements of Popular Theology; Psychology; Lutheran Manual; Lutheran Symbols, or American Lutheranism Vindicated; Church of the Redeemer; The Unity of Christ’s Church, are his chief works. _Ran._

=Schneck, Benjamin Shroder.= _Pa._, 1806-1874. A Lutheran clergyman, pastor at Chambersburg from 1855. Die deutsche Kanzel; The Burning of Chambersburg; Mercersburg Theology.

=Schodde, George Henry.= _Pa._, 1854- ----. A Lutheran clergyman and educator of Ohio, professor at Capitol University from 1880. The Book of Enoch translated from the Ethiopic, with Notes; A Day in Capernaum, from the German of Delitzsch.

=Schoolcraft, Henry Rowe.= _N. Y._, 1793-1864. An eminent ethnologist and geologist, thirty years of whose life were spent among the Indians, chiefly at Mackinaw. His later life was passed in Washington. He discovered the source of the Mississippi. Among his many works are included, View of the Lead Mines of Missouri; Algic Discoveries; Historical Information Concerning the Indian Tribes; Narrative of an Expedition to Itasca Lake; Oneota, reissued as The Indian and His Wigwam; The Myth of Hiawatha; Personal Memoirs of Thirty Years’ Residence with Indian Tribes; Scenes and Adventures in the Ozark Mountains; Life of General Cass, and several volumes of verse. His talents lay rather in accumulating facts than in perceiving their relations to each other. _Lip._