Chapter III: Preface (3)

=Black, Alexander.= _N. Y._, 1859- ----. A Brooklyn journalist, literary editor of the Brooklyn Times. The Story of Ohio; Photography Indoors and Out; Miss Jerry, a Picture Play. _Hou. Lo. Scr._

=Black, James.= _Pa._, 1823-1894. A noted Pennsylvania advocate of temperance who was the presidential nominee of the prohibitionists in 1872. Is Prohibition a Necessity; History of the Prohibition Party; The Prohibition Party.

=Black, James Rush.= _S._, 1827- ----. An Ohio physician, since 1876 a professor of hygiene in the medical college of Columbus. Ten Laws of Health, a valuable work on hygiene; Guide to Protection against Epidemic Disease.

=Black, Warren Columbus.= _Mi._, 1843- ----. A Methodist clergyman of Mississippi. Temperance and Teetotalism; Christian Womanhood.

=Black, William Henry.= _Ind._, 1854- ----. A Presbyterian clergyman of St. Louis. God our Father; Womanhood; Sermons for the Sunday School.

=Blackburn, William Maxwell.= _Ind._, 1828-1900. A Presbyterian clergyman, since 1886 president of Pierre University, South Dakota. Among his many works, chiefly on religion and biography, are History of the Christian Church; Geneva’s Shield; Exiles of Madeira; Judas the Maccabee; The Rebel Prince; College Days of Calvin; Young Calvin in Paris; St. Patrick and the Early Irish Church; Admiral Coligny and the Rise of the Huguenots; The Theban Legion; and the Uncle Alick series of juvenile tales. _Meth._

=Blackwell, Mrs. Antoinette Louisa [Brown].= _N. Y._, 1825- ----. A Unitarian minister prominent in the woman-suffrage movement. Studies in General Science; The Market Woman; The Island Neighbours: a novel of American life; The Sexes Throughout Nature; The Physical Basis of Immortality; The Philosophy of Individuality. _Har._

=Blackwell, Elizabeth.= _E._, 1821- ----. A physician of New York city who, with her sister Emily, organized the woman’s medical college of the New York Infirmary. Laws of Life, or the Physical Education of Girls; Counsel to Parents in the Moral Education of their Children; Pioneer Work in opening the Medical Profession to Women. _Lgs._

=Blaikie, William.= _N. Y._, 1843-1904. A lawyer and athlete of New York city. How to Get Strong; Sound Bodies for our Boys and Girls. _Har._

=Blaine, James Gillespie.= _Pa._, 1830-1893. A very prominent Republican leader who was an unsuccessful candidate for the presidency in 1884. Twenty Years of Congress, an able and reasonably impartial work; Eulogy on James Abram Garfield. _See Appleton’s American Biography, vol. 1, and Annual Cyclopedia, 1893; Lives, by Cressey, 1884; Balestier, 1884; Ramsdell; Dodge, 1895; Mr. Blaine and his Foreign Policy, 1884; North American Review, vol. 147._

=Blair, Andrew Alexander.= _Ky._, 1846- ----. A chemist of Philadelphia. The Chemical Analysis of Iron; Methods in Analysis of Iron, Steel, Copper, and Alloys of Copper, Zinc, and Tin. _Lip._

=Blair, Mrs. Eliza [Nelson].= _N. H._, 1859- ----. A writer of Manchester, New Hampshire. Her novel, ’Lisbeth Wilson, gives an excellent picture of New Hampshire rural life a half century ago. _Le._

=Blair, James.= _S._, 1656-1743. An Episcopal clergyman of Virginia who founded William and Mary College, and was its president for 50 years. The State of His Majesty’s Colony in Virginia; Our Saviour’s Divine Sermon on the Mount, a series of 117 sermons written in a simple, unornamental style; moderate in tone and very much to the point. _See Tyler’s American Literature._

=Blake, Mrs. Euphemia [Vale].= _E._, 1824-1904. Daughter of G. Vale, _infra_. Teeth, Ether, and Chloroform; History of Newburyport; Arctic Experiences, a history of the Polaris Expedition.

=Blake, James Vila.= _N. Y._, 1842- ----. A Unitarian clergyman of Chicago. Poems; Essays; A Grateful Spirit; Anchor of the Soul; St. Solifer; Legends from Story Land. _Ke._

=Blake, John Lauris.= _N. H._, 1788-1857. An Episcopal clergyman of Boston long prominent as an educator. Text Book of Geography and Chronology; Family Encyclopædia of Agriculture and Domestic Economy; Farmer’s Every-Day Book; Modern Farmer; Letters on Confirmation; General Biographical Dictionary; Book of Nature Laid Open; Wonders of the Earth; Wonders of Art.

=Blake, Mrs. Lillie [Devereux] [Umstead].= _N. C._, 1835- ----. A prominent advocate of woman-suffrage. Fettered for Life; Southwold; Rockford; Woman’s Place To-Day; The Hypocrite, or Sketches of American Society.

=Blake, Mrs. Mary Elizabeth [McGrath].= _I._, 1840- ----. A Boston writer of prose and verse. Poems; Youth in Twelve Centuries; Verses by the Way. Her prose includes On the Wing, sketches of American travel; A Summer Holiday: travel experiences in Europe; Mexico: Picturesque, Political, Progressive (with Mrs. Sullivan, _infra_). _Hou. Le._

=Blake, William Phipps.= _N. Y._, 1826- ----. A mineralogist of prominence. Silver Ores and Silver Mines; California Minerals; Production of the Precious Metals; Iron and Steel; Ceramic Art and Glass; History of Hamden, Ct.; Life of Captain Jonathan Mix.

=Blauvelt, Augustus.= _N. Y._, 1832- ----. A Dutch Reformed clergyman of New Jersey, deposed from the ministry on account of his liberal doctrinal views embodied in papers in the Century Magazine. The Kingdom of Satan; The Present Religious Crisis.

=Blavatsky, Helene Petrovna [Hahn-Hahn].= _R._, 1831-1891. A writer of Russian birth but naturalized in the United States, who visited India, and, embracing Buddhism, founded the Theosophical Society of New York. Isis Unveiled; The Secret Doctrine; Voices of Silence; Key to Theosophy. _See Memoirs of, by Sinnett, 1886; Review of Reviews, vol. 3._

=Bledsoe, Albert Taylor.= _Ky._, 1808-1877. A Southern clergyman who left the Episcopal for the Methodist church, and wrote extensively on metaphysics and mathematics. Liberty and Slavery; Examination of Edwards on the Will; Philosophy of Mathematics; Is Davis a Traitor? or was Secession a Constitutional Right previous to the War of 1861?; Theodicy. _Lip. Meth._

=Bliss, Daniel.= _Vt._, 1826- ----. A Congregational missionary, president of the Protestant college at Beyrout since 1864. Mental Philosophy; Natural Philosophy (in Arabic).

=Bliss, Porter Cornelius.= _N. Y._, 1838-1885. A journalist and diplomat of some repute as a philologist. The Ethnography of Gran Chaco, a district of Argentina; Historia Secreta de la mision, del ciudadano norte-Americano, Charles A. Washburn, cerca del gobierno de la república del Paraguay; The Conquest of Turkey 1877-78 (with L. Blodgett, _infra_).

=Bliss, William Dwight Porter.= _Iy._, 1856- ----. An Episcopal clergyman of Boston, prominent as a leader among Christian Socialists. A Handbook of Socialism; The Social Faith of the Catholic Church; What is Christian Socialism? He has edited The Encyclopædia of Socialism. _Fu. Scr._

=Bliss, William Root.= _Ct._, 1825- ----. A business man of New York city. Side Glimpses from the Colonial Meeting-House; The Old Colony Town and other Sketches; Colonial Times on Buzzard’s Bay; Quaint Nantucket; Paradise in the Pacific. _Hou._

=Blodget, Lorin.= _N. Y._, 1823-1901. An eminent statistician of Philadelphia who published more than 150 volumes, mainly reports upon finance, revenue, and industrial progress. The Climatology of the United States; Commercial and Financial Resources of the United States. _Lip._

=Bloede, Gertrude.= “Stuart Sterne.” _Sxy._, 1845- ----. A poet and novelist of Brooklyn who has usually written under a pseudonym. Angelo; Giorgio and Other Poems; Beyond the Shadow; Pièro da Castiglione, a tale in verse of the time of Savonarola; The Story of Two Lives: a novel. _Hou._

=Bloomfield-Moore, Mrs. Clara Sophia [Jessup].= _Pa._, 1824-1899. A Philadelphia writer who passed much time abroad, and chiefly in England. Miscellaneous Poems; On Dangerous Ground, a romance of American Society; Sensible Etiquette; Gondaline’s Lesson and Other Poems; Slander and Gossip; The Warden’s Tale and Other Poems. _Co._

=Blot, Pierre.= _F._, 1818-1874. A once noted cooking instructor of New York city. What to Eat and How to Cook It; Lectures on Cookery; Handbook of Practical Cookery. _Ap._

=Blunt, Edmond March.= _N. H._, 1770-1862. A bookseller of Newburyport whose chief work, The American Coast Pilot (1796), is still in use.

=Blunt, George William.= _Ms._, 1802-1878. Son of E. M. Blunt, _supra_. Hydrographer. Atlantic Memoir; Sheet Anchor; Harbour Laws of New York; Plan to Avoid the Centre of Violent Gales.

=Blunt, Joseph.= _Ms._, 1792-1860. Son of E. M. Blunt, _supra_. A lawyer who was one of the founders of the Republican party. Historical Sketch of the Formation of the American Confederacy; Speeches, Reviews, and Reports; Merchants’ and Shipmasters’ Assistant.

=Boardman, George Dana.= _Bh._, 1828-1903. A prominent Baptist clergyman of Philadelphia. Coronation of Love; Studies in the Creative Week; Epiphanies of the Risen Lord; Studies in the Mountain Instruction; University Lectures on the Ten Commandments; The Divine Man. _Ap. Bap._

=Boardman, Henry Augustus.= _N. Y._, 1808-1880. A once noted Presbyterian divine of Philadelphia. The Bible in the Family; The Bible in the Counting-House; The Christian Ministry not a Priesthood; Earthly Suffering and Heavenly Glory; A Handful of Corn, are among his writings. _Lip. Ran._

=Bogart, William Henry.= _N. Y._, 1810-1888. A writer of New York state. Life of Daniel Boone; Who Goes There? or Men and Events. _Le._

=Bok, Edward William.= _H._, 1863- ----. Editor of the Ladies’ Home Journal. The Young Man in Business; Successward, a Young Man’s Book for Young Men. _Rev._

=Boker, George Henry.= _Pa._, 1823-1890. A poet and diplomat of Philadelphia, United States Minister to Turkey and Russia successively. His verse is of uneven excellence, but at its best is notably good, as, for example, the familiar Dirge for a Soldier. Of his four tragedies, Calaynos; Anne Boleyn; Lenor de Guzman; Francesca da Rimini, the first and last are the finest, the last having been revived with success in very recent years. His volumes of verse include The Lesson of Life; Poems of War; The Book of the Dead; Königsmark; Street Lyrics; Our Heroic Themes. Plays of lesser rank are The Widow’s Marriage; The Betrothal. _See Atlantic Monthly, vol. 65; Lippincott’s Magazine, vol. 45._ _Lip._

=Bollan, William.= _E._, 17-- -1776. An English lawyer who settled in Boston in 1740, and was subsequently colonial agent in London for Massachusetts. He was active in its behalf and wrote many political tracts for that end, among which The Mutual Interests of Great Britain and the American Colonies Considered, is a favourable example.

=Boller, Alfred Pancoast.= _Pa._, 1840- ----. An engineer of note whose specialty is bridge construction. Practical Treatise on the Construction of Iron Highway Bridges; Report on Thames River Bridge. _Wil._

=Bolles, Albert Sidney.= _Ct._, 1845- ----. A political economist of prominence, professor in the University of Pennsylvania. Chapters in Political Economy; The Conflict between Labour and Capital; Industrial History of the United States; Financial History of the United States, 1774-1860; Elements of Commercial Law. _Ap._

=Bolles, Frank.= _Ms._, 1856-1894. A writer of nature studies of the school of Jefferies and Thoreau, though with important differences from either. From Blomidon to Smoky; At the North of Bearcamp Water; Land of the Lingering Snow; Chocorua’s Tenants, a volume of verse. _Hou._

=Bolster, William Wheeler.= _Me._, 1823- ----. A lawyer of Auburn, Maine. Digest of the Law of Tax Titles; The Authority and Duty of Town Officers.

=Bolton, Charles Knowles.= _O._, 1867- ----. Son of S. K. Bolton, _infra_; librarian of Brookline, Massachusetts. The Boltons of Old and New England; Gossiping Guide to Harvard; Saskia the Wife of Rembrandt; Notes on Special Collections in American Libraries (with W. C. Lane). Verse: Poems: from Heart and Nature; The Wooing of Martha Pitkin; the Love Story of Ursula Wolcott. _Cop. Lam._

=Bolton, Henry Carrington.= _N. Y._, 1843-1903. Scientist and professor of chemistry at Trinity College. Application of Organic Acids to the Examination of Minerals; Literature of Uranium; Literature of Manganese; Student’s Guide in Quantitative Analysis; Counting-out Rhymes of Children; their Antiquity, Origin, and Wide Distribution. _Wil._

=Bolton, Mrs. Sarah [Knowles].= _Ct._, 1841- ----. A miscellaneous writer of Cleveland whose successive collections of biographical sketches have been extremely popular. Famous Givers and Their Gifts; How Success is Won; Poor Boys who Became Famous; Girls who Became Famous; Famous American Authors; Famous American Statesmen; Successful Women; Social Studies in England; Famous Types of Womanhood; Famous Voyages and Explorers; Famous Leaders among Men; The Inevitable, a collection of pleasing, unpretentious verse. _Cr. Lo._

=Bolton, Mrs. Sarah Tittle [Barritt].= _Ky._, 1820-1893. A writer whose name is kept in mind by her oft quoted poem, Paddle Your Own Canoe. The Songs of a Life Time; Life and Poems of, 1880.

=Bomberger, John Henry Augustus.= _Pa._, 1817-1890. A German Reformed theologian, president of Ursinus College, 1870-90. Infant Salvation and Baptism; Revised Liturgy; Reformed not Ritualistic.

=Bond, George Phillips.= _Ms._, 1825-1865. An astronomer of note, professor in Harvard University. On the Construction of the Rings of Saturn; The Method of Least Squares; Mathematical Memoirs upon Mechanical Quadrations.

=Boner, John Henry.= _N. C._, 1845- ----. A poet and littérateur of New York city. Whispering Pines: poems.

=Bonner, Sherwood.= _See MacDowell._

=Bonney, Charles Carroll.= _N. Y._, 1831-1903. A lawyer of Chicago. Rules of Law for Carriage and Delivery of Persons and Property by Railway; Summary of the Law of Marine, Fire, and Life Insurance; Our Remedy in the Laws.

=Booth, Henry Matthias.= _N. Y._, 1843-1899. A Presbyterian clergyman of New Jersey. The Heavenly Vision and other Sermons; Sunrise, Noonday, and Sunset of the Day of Grace; First Communion. _Ran._

=Booth, Mary Louise.= _L. I._, 1831-1889. Editor of Harper’s Bazar from its establishment in 1867 to 1889. She made over 30 valuable translations from the French. A History of the City of New York was her only piece of original writing.

=Bostwick, Mrs. Helen Louise [Barron].= _N. H._, 1826- ----. A verse-writer of Bucyrus, Ohio. Buds, Blossoms and Berries.

=Botta, Mrs. Anne Charlotte [Lynch].= _Vt._, 1820-1891. Wife of V. Botta, _infra_. A well-known New York writer whose weekly receptions were for many years the nearest approach in New York city to a _salon_. Handbook of Universal Literature; Leaves from the Diary of a Recluse; Poems. _Hou._

=Botta, Vincenzo.= _Iy._, 1818-1894. An Italian educator who came to the United States in 1853, and was for a long period a professor of Italian Literature in the University of New York. The System of Education in Piedmont; Life of Cavour; Historical Account of Modern Philosophy in Italy; Dante as Philosopher, Patriot, and Poet. _Scr._

=Botts, John Minor.= _Va._, 1802-1869. A Virginia lawyer eminent for his devotion to the Union during the Civil War. Letters on the Nebraska Question; The Great Rebellion: its Secret History, Rise, Progress, and Disastrous Failure. _Har._

=Boudinot= [boo´de-not], =Elias.= _Pa._, 1740-1821. A philanthropist of Burlington, New Jersey, and the first president of the American Bible Society. The Second Advent of the Messiah; The Age of Revelation, a reply to Paine; The Star in the West, an attempt to identify the American Indians with the Ten Lost Tribes of Israel. _See Life, edited by J. J. Boudinot, 1896._

=Boughton, Willis.= _N. Y._, 1854- ----. An educator, professor of English literature in Ohio University from 1892. A History of Ancient Peoples; Mythology in Art. _Put._

=Bourke, John Gregory.= _Pa._, 1846-1896. A United States army officer. The Snake Dance of the Moquis of Arizona, a valuable contribution to ethnology; An Apache Campaign in the Sierra Madre; On the Border with Crook. _Scr._

=Bouton, John Bell.= _N. H._, 1830-1902. Son of N. Bouton, _infra_. A New York littérateur. Loved and Lost: essays; Round the Block, a novel; Treasury of Travel and Adventure; Memoir of General Bell; Roundabout to Moscow, an Epicurean Journey; Uncle Sam’s Church. _Ap. Lam._

=Bouton, Nathaniel.= _Ct._, 1797-1878. State historian of New Hampshire. He is best known for his edition of ten volumes of Provincial Records and for a History of Concord, New Hampshire.

=Boutwell, George Sewall.= _Ms._, 1818- ----. A Massachusetts statesman; Governor of the State, 1852-53; Secretary of the Treasury, 1869-73. Thoughts on Educational Topics; Manual of the Direct and Excise Tax System of the United States; The Taxpayer’s Manual; Speeches and Papers relating to the Rebellion; Why I am a Republican: a History of the Republican Party; The Lawyer, the Statesman, the Soldier; The Constitution of the United States at the end of the First Century. _Ap. He._

=Bouvé, Edward Tracy.= 18-- - ----. A Boston writer of fiction. Centuries Apart. _Lit._

=Bouvet, [Marie] Marguerite.= _La._, 1865- ----. A writer of excellent juvenile books. Sweet William; Prince Tip-Top; Little Marjorie’s Love Story; My Lady; A Child of Tuscany; Pierrette. _Mg._

=Bouvier= [boo-veer´], =Hannah.= Daughter of J. Bouvier, _infra_. _See Peterson, Mrs._

=Bouvier, John.= _Iy._, 1787-1851. A jurist of Philadelphia. Law Dictionary; Institutes of American Law. _Lip._

=Bovee, Christian Nestell.= _N. Y._, 1820-1904. An epigrammatic writer, some of whose sayings have been much quoted. Thoughts, Feelings, and Fancies; Intuitions and Summaries of Thought.

=Bowditch, Henry Ingersoll.= _Ms._, 1808-1892. Son of N. Bowditch, _infra_. An eminent physician of Boston. Life of Nathaniel Bowditch for the Young; The Young Stethoscopist; Public Hygiene in America.

=Bowditch, Nathaniel.= _Ms._, 1773-1838. A famous mathematician of Salem, Massachusetts, whose translation of La Place’s Mécanique Céleste, with extensive commentary, was his greatest work. The New American Navigator was his only original work of note. _See Memoir, by H. I. Bowditch._

=Bowen, Eli.= _Pa._, 1824-188-. A once popular Pennsylvania author. Coal Regions of Pennsylvania; Pictorial Sketch Book of Pennsylvania; Rambles in the Path of the Iron Horse; The Creation of the Earth; United States Post-Office System; Coal and Coal Oil.

=Bowen, Francis.= _Ms._, 1811-1890. A professor of philosophy at Harvard University for many years, and eminent both as philosopher and political economist. He opposed the systems of Kant, Fichte, Cousin, Comte, and Mill, and was answered by the latter in a third edition of his Logic. Critical Essays in Speculative Philosophy; Modern Philosophy from Descartes to Schopenhauer and Hartmann; Treatise on Logic; American Political Economy; Principles of Political Economy; A Layman’s Study of the English Bible considered in its Literary and Secular Aspects; Gleanings from a Literary Life. _Scr._

=Bowen, John Eliot.= _N. Y._, 1858-1890. A New York journalist. The Conflict of East and West in Egypt; Songs of Toil, a translation from Carmen Sylva.

=Bowen, Mrs. Sue [Petigru] [King].= _S. C._, 1824-1875. A novelist of Charleston, South Carolina. Sylvia’s World; Gerald Gray’s Wife; Lily; Busy Moments of an Idle Woman, a collection of stories.

=Bowker, Richard Rogers.= _Ms._, 1848- ----. The editor for some years of the Publishers’ Weekly. Work and Wealth: a Summary of Economics; A Primer for Political Education; Economics for the People; The Library List; Electoral Reform. _Har._

=Bowles, Samuel.= _Ms._, 1826-1878. Journalist of Springfield, Massachusetts, editor of the Springfield Republican. Across the Continent; Our New West. _See Life of, by Merriam, 1885._

=Bowne, Borden Parker.= _N. J._, 1847- ----. A philosophical writer and professor of philosophy in Boston University. The Philosophy of Herbert Spencer; Studies in Theism; Metaphysics: a Study of First Principles; Introduction to Psychological Theory; Philosophy of Theism; Principles of Ethics. _Har. Meth._

=Boyd, James Robert.= _N. Y._, 1804-1890. A Presbyterian clergyman, formerly professor of moral philosophy at Hamilton College. Elements of Rhetoric and Literary Criticism; Moral Philosophy; The Westminster Shorter Catechism, with Analysis; Elements of Logic; Last Days of a Christian Philosopher; Memoir of Doddridge, are some among his rather numerous publications. _Har._

=Boyesen, Hjalmar Hjorth.= _N._, 1848-1895. A writer of Norwegian birth, long resident in New York, and a professor in Columbia College at the time of his death. His novels and sketches are pleasantly written, but as essays in fiction are not much above average merit. Gunnar; A Norseman’s Pilgrimage; Tales from Two Hemispheres; Falconberg; A Daughter of the Philistines; Queen Titania; Ilka on the Hill Top and Other Stories; Goethe and Schiller, their Lives and Works; Literary and Social Silhouettes; The Story of Norway, an historical work; Social Strugglers; Essays on Scandinavian Literature; Essays on German Literature; Idylls of Norway and Other Poems; the Norseland series of books for boys, including: Norseland Tales; Boyhood in Norway; The Modern Vikings; Against Heavy Odds; The Golden Calf. _Fl. Har. Mac. Scr._

=Boynton, Edward Carlisle.= _Vt._, 1825-1893. A United States army officer. History of West Point.

=Bozman, John Leeds.= _Md._, 1757-1823. A once noted Maryland lawyer. Historical Sketch of the Prime Causes of the Revolutionary War; History of Maryland. _See Memoir by S. A. Harrison, 1888._

=Brace, Charles Loring.= _Ct._, 1826-1890. Son of J. P. Brace, _infra_. A noted clergyman and philanthropist of New York city who founded the Children’s Aid Society, and gave much of his time to philanthropic work. Norse-folk; Home Life in Germany; The Races of the Old World; Gesta Christi; The Dangerous Classes of New York. _See Life, chiefly told in his own Letters._ _Scr._

=Brace, John Peirce.= _Ct._, 1793-1872. A once prominent educator of Litchfield, Connecticut. Lectures to Young Converts; Tales of the Devil; The Fawn of the Pale Faces: a Novel.

=Brackenridge, Henry Marie.= _Pa._, 1786-1871. Son of H. H. Brackenridge, _infra_. A noted Florida jurist. History of the Late War between the United States and Great Britain (1816); Voyage to South America; Views of Louisiana; Recollections of Persons and Places in the West; Essay on Trusts and Trustees; History of the Western Insurrection.

=Brackenridge, Hugh Henry.= _S._, 1748-1816. A Pennsylvania lawyer and humourist whose writing enjoyed great popularity in the early years of the 19th century. His principal work was Modern Chivalry, or the Adventures of Captain Farrago and Teague O’Regan, his Servant, a rough, sharp piece of humourous fiction, partaking, to some extent, of the nature of an autobiography. _See edition of 1848, with illustrations by Darley; Hart’s American Literature._

=Brackett, Albert Gallatin.= _N. Y._, 1829-1896. A United States cavalry officer. General Lane’s Brigade in Central Mexico; History of the United States Cavalry, 1854. _Har._

=Brackett, Anna Callender.= _Ms._, 1836- ----. An educational writer. The Education of American Girls; Woman and the Higher Education; The Technique of Rest. _Har._

=Brackett, Edward Augustus.= _Me._, 1819- ----. A sculptor of Boston. Twilight Hours, a volume of verse.

=Bradford, Alden.= _Ms._, 1765-1843. Secretary of State for Massachusetts, 1812-24. Eulogy on Washington; History of Massachusetts, 1764-1820; Life of Jonathan Mayhew; History of the Federal Government; Biographical Notices of Distinguished Men of Massachusetts; New England Chronology, 1497-1843.

=Bradford, Alexander Warfield.= _N. Y._, 1815-1867. A New York jurist of prominence. He edited American Antiquities, and prepared many volumes of legal reports, among which the six commonly called Bradford’s Reports have become standard authority.

=Bradford, Amory Howe.= _Ms._, 1846- ----. A Congregational clergyman of Montclair, New Jersey. The Pilgrim in Old England; Old Wine: New Bottles; Spirit and Life, Thought for To-Day; Heredity and Christian Problems. _Fo. Mac._

=Bradford, William.= _E._, 1590-1657. Governor of the Plymouth Colony, 1621-57. He left in manuscript a History of the Plimoth Plantation, the leisurely composition of 20 years, which was drawn from by Morton, Prince, and Hutchinson as a basis for their respective histories, and after being lost for nearly a century was found in the library of the Bishop of London in 1855, and published soon after. He was the earliest American historian, and his work exhibits judicial impartiality, broad conceptions, and a direct, vigourous style. _See Tyler’s American Literature; Young’s Chronicles of the Pilgrims; Mrs. Austin’s Betty Alden and Standish of Standish._ _Hou._

=Bradlee, Caleb Davis.= _Ms._, 1831-1897. A Unitarian clergyman. Sermons for the Church; Sermons for All Sects; Life of Starr King. _El._

=Bradley, Mrs. Mary Emily [Neeley].= _Md._, 1835-1898. A writer of tales for girls. Among her 20 or more volumes of this class are Douglass Farm; Story of a Summer; Brave Girls; Grace’s Visit. Hidden Sweetness is a volume of verse. _Le. Lo._

=Bradley, Warren Ives.= “Glance Gaylord.” _Ct._, 1847-1868. A talented writer of tales for boys. Among his twelve volumes, all written before he was twenty-one, Culm Rock is as well known as any.

=Bradstreet, Mrs. Anne [Dudley].= _E._, 1612-1672. The first American woman of letters, and called by her contemporaries “The Tenth Muse.” Her prose work includes a brief autobiographic sketch, Religious Experiences; Meditations Divine and Moral, a series of shrewd, strong aphorisms. In her lifetime she was known only as a poet, and her verse, the bulk of which is considerable, comprises elegies, epitaphs; The Four Monarchies, a rhymed chronicle of ancient history; The Four Elements; The Four Humours of Man; The Four Ages of Man; The Four Seasons of the Year; Dialogue between Old England and New; Contemplations. She followed artificial models, and her lines reflect the grotesque conceits of the time, but here and there are gleams of real poetic vigour, while in the poem Contemplations, the least laboured of them all, she exhibits true poetic inspiration. _See Works of, edited by John Harvard Ellis, with sketch of the author, 1867; Tyler’s American Literature; Life, by Helen Campbell; New England Magazine, 1887._

=Brainard, John Gardiner Calkins.= _Ct._, 1796-1828. A Hartford journalist whose Poems were published first in 1825, and reissued as Literary Remains in 1832 in an enlarged edition, with Memoir by his friend Whittier. His verse was temporarily popular, but his chief claim to present remembrance is the fine poem beginning, “I saw two clouds at morning.”

=Brainerd, David.= _Ct._, 1718-1747. A famous missionary among the Indians of New England. Selections from his journals have been printed, entitled Miriabilia Dei apud Indicos; Divine Grace Displayed. _See Life, by Jonathan Edwards, 1749, enlarged, 1822; Sparks’s American Biography._

=Branch, Mrs. Mary Lydia [Bolles].= _Ct._, 1840- ----. A New York writer, best known by her poem, The Petrified Fern. The Kanter Girls is a story for young people. _Scr._

=Brannan, William Penn.= “Vandyke Brown.” _O._, 1825-1866. A portrait painter of Cincinnati. Vagaries of Vandyke Brown; The Harp of a Thousand Strings, or Laughter for a Life Time.

=Brattle, Thomas.= _Ms._, 1657-1713. A once famous Boston merchant. Eclipse of the Sun and Moon observed in New England; Lunar Eclipse in New England, 1707.

=Brazza, Cora [Slocomb]=, Countess di. _La._, 1862- ----. A writer of New York city. An American Idyl; A Literary Farce; Guide to the Old and New Lace in Italy. _Ar._

=Breckinridge, Robert Jefferson.= _Ky._, 1800-1871. A once noted Presbyterian clergyman of Lexington, Kentucky. Popery; Internal Evidence of Christianity; Memoranda of Foreign Travel; Travels in France, Germany, etc. His chief work was a system of theology, The Knowledge of God, Objectively and Subjectively Considered. He was a writer of very positive views, and one of the leaders in the division of the Presbyterian church into Old and New School in 1837.

=Breed, David Riddle.= _Pa._, 1848- ----. A Presbyterian minister of Chicago since 1885. More Light; Abraham, the Typical Life of Faith; History of the Preparation of the World for Christ; Heresy and Heresy. _Rev._

=Breed, William Pratt.= _N. Y._, 1816-1889. A Presbyterian clergyman of Philadelphia. His works are mainly religious juveniles, and among them are Jenny Geddes; Home Songs for Home Birds; Grapes from the Great Vine; A Board and Abroad. _Fu._

=Breidenbaugh, Edward Swoyer.= _Pa._, 1849- ----. A professor of chemistry at Pennsylvania College. Notes on Inorganic Chemistry; Mineralogy of the Farm, are among his purely technical papers and monographs.

=Breitman, Hans.= _See Leland._

=Brewer, Thomas Mayo.= _Ms._, 1821-1880. A Massachusetts ornithologist who was the principal author of the History of North American Birds prepared with Ridgway and S. F. Baird, _supra_. Oölogy of North America is also by him.

=Brewer, William Henry.= _N. Y._, 1828- ----. A professor of agriculture in the Sheffield Scientific School at New Haven since 1864. Botany of California.

=Brewerton, George Douglas.= _C._, 1820-1901. A United States army officer. The War in Kansas, a Rough Trip to the Border; Fitzpoodle at Newport; Ida Lewis, the Heroine of Lime Rock; The Automaton Company; The Automaton Battery.

=Bridge, James Howard.= “Harold Brydges.” _E._, 1858- ----. A Fortnight in Heaven: an Unconventional Romance; Uncle Sam at Home.

=Bridges, Madeline.= _See De Vere._

=Bridges, Robert.= “Droch.” _Pa._, 1858- ----. A littérateur of New York city; literary critic of Life from 1883, and assistant editor of Scribner’s Magazine since 1887. Overheard in Arcady, dialogues about contemporary writers; Suppressed Chapters and Other Bookishness. _Scr._

=Briggs, Charles Augustus.= 1841- ----. A Presbyterian clergyman prominent among the leaders of newer religious thought and a professor at Union Theological Seminary, New York, since 1875. In 1892 he was tried for heresy and acquitted. Biblical Study; American Presbyterianism; Messianic Prophecy, notable for its display of the true historical spirit; The Authority of Holy Scripture; The Messiah of the Apostles; The Messiah of the Gospels; The Higher Criticism of the Hexateuch; The Bible, the Church, and the Reason; Whither? a Theological Question for the Times. _See New Englander, vol. 55; Andover Review, vol. 16; Catholic World, vol. 53._ _Scr._

=Briggs, Charles Frederick.= _Ms._, 1804-1877. A journalist and editor of New York city, the valued friend of many of the prominent literary Americans of his time. Adventures of Harry Franco, a Tale of the Great Panic; The Haunted Merchant; The Trippings of Tom Pepper; Working a Passage, or Life on a Liner. _See Lowell’s Fable for Critics._

=Brigham, Amariah.= _Ms._, 1798-1849. A physician of Hartford, and subsequently superintendent of the lunatic asylum at Utica, New York. The Anatomy, Physiology, and Pathology of the Brain.

=Brigham, William Tufts.= _Ms._, 1841- ----. A lawyer and naturalist now at Honolulu in charge of the government museum. Volcanic Manifestations in New England; Guatemala: the Land of the Quetzal, a volume of travels. _Scr._

=Brightly, Francis Frederick.= _Pa._, 1845- ----. Son of F. C. Brightly, _infra_. Digest of the Laws of Philadelphia, 1701-1887.

=Brightly, Frederick Charles.= _E._, 1812-1888. An eminent Philadelphia jurist. Treatise on Law of Costs; Nisi Prius Reports; Equitable Jurisdiction of the Laws of Pennsylvania; Digest of the Laws of the United States, 1789-1869; Digest of the Decisions of the Federal Courts; Bankrupt Law of the United States; Leading Cases in the Law of Elections, include the larger number of his legal writings.

=Brinton, Daniel Garrison.= _Pa._, 1837-1899. An archæological writer and publisher, as well as physician, of Philadelphia, whose researches in aboriginal history and literature were very extensive. He was professor of archæology in the University of Pennsylvania from 1880. The Myths of the New World; The Religious Sentiment; American Hero-Myths; Aboriginal American Authors; The Floridian Peninsula; Races and Peoples; Essays of an Americanist; The Lenape and their Legends. He edited The Maya Chronicles; The Comedy-Ballet of Güeguence; Aboriginal American Anthology. _See Popular Science Monthly, vol. 38._ _Co. Gi. Ho._

=Brisbin, James Sanks.= _Pa._, 1837-1892. A United States cavalry officer. Campaign Lives of Grant and Colfax; The Beef Bonanza; Trees and Tree Planting. _Har. Lip._

=Bristed, Charles Astor.= “Carl Benson.” _N. Y._, 1820-1874. Son of J. Bristed, _infra_. A magazinist of New York city. Five Years in an English University; The Upper Ten Thousand; Pieces of a Broken-down Critic; The Interference Theory of Government; Anacreontics.

=Bristed, John.= _E._, 1778-1855. An Episcopal clergyman of Rhode Island. His principal works, none of which rise much above the level of dullness, are Critical and Philosophical Essays; Resources of the United States, 1818; Anglo-American Churches; Edward and Anna: a Novel; A Pedestrian Tour through the Highlands of Scotland.

=Bristol, Mrs. Augusta [Cooper].= _N. H._, 1835- ----. An educator of Vineland, New Jersey. Poems; The Relation of the Maternal Function to the Woman’s Intellect; The Philosophy of Art; Science and its Relations to Character; The Present Phase of Woman’s Advancement; The Web of Life, a collection of verse.

=Britton, Nathaniel Lord.= _S. I._, 1859- ----. A botanical professor in the School of Mines at Columbia College. Catalogue of the Flora of Staten Island; The Geology of Staten Island; Catalogue of the Flora of New Jersey; An Illustrated Flora of the Northern United States, Canada, and the British Possessions, from Newfoundland to the Parallel of the Southern Boundary of Virginia, and from the Atlantic Ocean to the 102d Meridian (with A. Brown). _Scr._

=Britts, Mrs. Mattie [Dyer].= _N. Y._, 1842- ----. Daughter of S. Dyer, _infra_. The author of many juvenile tales, among which are Edward Lee; Nobody’s Boy.

=Broaddus, Andrew.= _Va._, 1770-1848. A Baptist clergyman once noted as a pulpit orator. History of the Bible; Form of Church Discipline; Letters and Sermons.

=Broadus, John Albert.= _Va._, 1827-1895. A Baptist clergyman, the president of the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary. Preparation and Delivery of Sermons; Lectures on Preaching; Sermons and Addresses; Jesus of Nazareth. _Bap._

=Brockett, Linus Pierpont.= _Ct._, 1820-1893. A prolific writer of Hartford, among whose many productions are History of Education; Our Great Captains; The Year of Battles: a History of the Franco-German War of 1870; Epidemics and Contagious Diseases; The Silk Industry in America; Our Western Empire, an account of the resources of the United States west of the Mississippi; The Great Metropolis.

=Brodhead, Mrs. Eva Wilder [McGlasson].= 18-- - ----. A popular novelist. One of the Visconti; Diana’s Livery; An Earthly Paragon; Ministers of Grace; Bound In Shallows. _Har. Scr._

=Brodhead, John Romeyn.= _Pa._, 1814-1873. A painstaking, accurate writer, whose work, if somewhat lacking in picturesqueness, is of lasting value. History of the State of New York; The Government of Sir Edmund Andros over New England. _Har._

=Brooks, Arthur.= _Ms._, 1845-1895. Brother of Phillips Brooks, _infra_. An Episcopal clergyman of New York city. A volume of his Sermons was reprinted in London with the title, Christ for To-Day. _Wh._

=Brooks, Charles.= _Ms._, 1795-1872. A once prominent Massachusetts educator. History of Medford; The Christian in his Closet; Daily Monitor; Family Prayer-Book; Elements of Ornithology; Introduction to Ornithology, and ten volumes of biography.

=Brooks, Charles Timothy.= _Ms._, 1813-1883. A Unitarian clergyman of Newport, Rhode Island, 1837-73, whose English versions of Schiller, Richter, Goethe, and Schefer take high rank. His other work includes Songs of Field and Flood; The Simplicity of Christ; William Ellery Channing: a Centennial Memory; Poems Original and Translated. _See Memoir by Wendte._ _Rob._

=Brooks, Edward.= _N. Y._, 1831- ----. The principal of the Millersville Normal School, Pennsylvania, 1866-83, and since then superintendent of the Philadelphia public schools. His writings are mainly, though not entirely, mathematical, and among them are The Normal Written Arithmetic; Philosophy of Arithmetic; Mental Science and Methods of Culture; The Story of the Iliad; The Story of the Odyssey.

=Brooks, Elbridge Gerry.= _N. H._, 1816-1878. A Universalist clergyman of Philadelphia. Universalism a Practical Power; Our New Departure; Universalism in Life and Doctrine. _See Life by E. S. Brooks._

=Brooks, Elbridge Streeter.= _Ms._, 1846-1902. A Boston writer for young people. Life Work of Elbridge Gerry Brooks; In No Man’s Land; Historic Boys; In Leisler’s Times; Chivalric Days; Storied Holidays; Historic Girls; Story of the American Indian; The Story of New York; Story of the American Sailor; Story of the United States; The True Story of Columbus; Heroic Happenings; A Son of Issachar; The True Story of George Washington; The Century Book for Young Americans; A Boy of the First Empire; Great Men’s Sons; The Story of Miriam of Magdala; The True Story of Abraham Lincoln; The Story of the American Soldier; The Century Book of Famous Americans; Under the Tamaracks; The Long Walls (with J. Alden). _Cent. Lo. Put._

=Brooks, Mrs. Maria [Gowen].= _Ms._, 1795-1845. Called by Southey “Maria del Occidente.” A poet whose fate it has been to be utterly neglected after being once extravagantly praised. Zephiel, or The Bride of Seven, her chief work, is a poem whose incidents are taken from the story of Sara in the apocryphal book of Tobit. It is a work of considerable power but extravagant sentiment. Idomen, or the Vale of Yumuri, is to some extent autobiographic. _See Griswold’s Female Poets; Harper’s Magazine, January and May, 1879; Mrs. Hale’s Woman’s Record._

=Brooks, Nathan Covington.= _Md._, 1819-1898. A prominent educator of Baltimore, who besides publishing an excellent series of classical text-books, chief among which are editions of Ovid’s Metamorphoses and Virgil’s Æneid, is the author of A Complete History of the Mexican War.

=Brooks, Noah.= _Me._, 1830-1903. A New York writer of popular books for boys. The Boy Emigrants; The Fairport Nine; Our Baseball Club; Abraham Lincoln; The Boy Settlers; American Statesmen; Tales of the Maine Coast; Abraham Lincoln and the Downfall of American Slavery; How the Republic is Governed; Short Studies in American Party Politics; Washington in Lincoln’s Time, a volume of gossipy recollections; The Mediterranean Trip. _Cent. Scr._

=Brooks, Phillips.= _Ms._, 1835-1893. The sixth Protestant Episcopal bishop of Massachusetts. He was rector of Holy Trinity Church at Philadelphia, 1862-69, and of Trinity Church, Boston, from 1869 until his consecration as bishop in 1891. He was a leader of Broad Church opinion, but had no hostility towards forms of thought opposed to his. For many years before his death he had been accounted the foremost preacher in America. The Influence of Jesus; Lectures on Preaching; The Candle of the Lord and Other Sermons; The Light of the World and Other Sermons; Sermons in English Churches; Twenty Sermons; Sermons for the Principal Festivals and Fasts; Tolerance; A Century of Church Growth in Boston; Essays and Addresses; Letters of Travel; The Oldest School in America. O Little Town of Bethlehem is a popular poem by him. _See Phillips Brooks in Boston; Five Years’ Editorial Estimates; Phillips Brooks, by Dunbar; Annual Cyclopedia, 1893; Andover Review, vol. 15; Phillips Brooks in Massachusetts, by J. H. Ward, infra._ _Dut. Mer._

=Brooks, William Keith.= _O._, 1848- ----. A professor of morphology at Johns Hopkins University. Hand-book of Invertebrate Zoölogy; Development of the American Oyster; Conifer, a Study in Morphology; Development of Lingula; The Law of Heredity. _Wn._

=Bross, William.= _N. J._, 1813-1890. A Chicago journalist. History of Chicago (1866); Tom Quick, a romance of Indian warfare; Chicago and her Future Growth.

=Brotherton, Mrs. Alice [Williams].= _Ind._, 18-- - ----. A magazinist of Cincinnati, whose work is mainly in verse. Beyond the Veil; The Sailing of King Olaf; What the Wind told the Tree-Tops, prose and verse for children.

=Brougham= [broo´am or broo´m], =John.= _I._, 1814-1880. A once noted dramatist who was the author of over a hundred comedies and farces, many of which, like Vanity Fair and The Irish Emigrant, have been very successful. _See Life, by William Winter._

=Brown, Abram English.= _Ms._, 1849- ----. A resident of Bedford, Massachusetts. Beneath Old Roof Trees, a volume of local history; Beside Old Hearthstones; History of Bedford; Bedford Old Families; Glimpses of New England Life; Flag of the Minute Men. _Le._

=Brown, Alexander.= _Va._, 1843- ----. A writer of Nelson County, Virginia, who has published The Cabells and their Kin, a genealogy; The Genesis of the United States. _Hou._

=Brown, Alice.= _N. H._, 1857- ----. A Boston writer on the staff of the Youth’s Companion. Fools of Nature, a novel; Meadow Grass, a collection of New England stories; By Oak and Thorn, a volume of English travel; Robert Louis Stevenson: a Study (with L. Guiney, _infra_); Life of Mercy Otis Warren. _Cop. Hou. Scr._

=Brown, Anna Robeson.= _Pa._, 1873- ----. Daughter of H. A. Brown, _infra_, and great-niece of C. B. Brown, _infra_. A novelist who has published Sir Mark; The Black Lamb. _Ap._

=Brown, Charles Brockden.= _Pa._, 1771-1810. A novelist of Philadelphia, and the first of native authors who adopted literature as a profession. In his novels probability plays a very small part, the local colour is faint, though the scenes are American, and all are overshadowed by an overpowering element of mystery. In spite of extravagances and faults, his work possesses undeniable power of a very high order, and does not deserve the neglect into which it has fallen. Wieland; Ormond, or the Secret Witness; Arthur Mervyn, in some respects the most powerful of his works; Edgar Huntley, or the Memories of a Sleep Walker; Clara Howard, reprinted in England as Philip Stanley; Jane Talbot. _See Lives by Dunlap, 1815, Prescott, 1831; Atlantic Monthly, vol. 61; Nichol’s American Literature._ _My._

=Brown, Charles Rufus.= _N. H._, 1849- ----. A professor of Old Testament interpretation at Union Theological Seminary since 1883. An Aramaic Method: Text and Grammar. _Scr._

=Brown, David Paul.= _Pa._, 1795-1872. A Philadelphia lawyer who was the author of two unsuccessful tragedies, Sestorius; The Trial; a melodrama and a comedy, equally unsuccessful, and The Forum, or Forty Years’ Practice at the Philadelphia Bar. His Forensic Speeches were edited by his son in 1873.

=Brown, Emma Elizabeth.= _N. H._, 1847- ----. A writer of popular biographies living at Newton, Massachusetts. Her works include lives of Washington; Grant; Garfield; Wendell Holmes; Russell Lowell; From Night to Light, a story of Bible times; The Child Toilers of Boston Streets; An Hundred Years Ago, a story in verse. _Lo. Me._

=Brown, Francis.= _N. H._, 1849- ----. A professor of Hebrew and cognate languages at Union Theological Seminary since 1890. Assyriology: its Use and Abuse; The Teachings of the Apostles (with R. D. Hitchcock). _Scr._

=Brown, Goold.= _R. I._, 1791-1857. An educator of New York city and a once famous grammarian. Grammar of English Grammars; Institutes of English Grammar; First Lines of English Grammar.

=Brown, Helen Dawes.= _Ms._, 1857- ----. A lecturer on English literature in New York city. The Petrie Estate, a novel; Two College Girls; Little Miss Phœbe Gay. _Hou._

=Brown, Henry Armitt.= 1846-1878. A lawyer and orator of Philadelphia, whose Four Historical Orations have been much admired. _See Memoir, by Hoppin; Atlantic Monthly, August, 1880._

=Brown, Henry Billings.= _Ms._, 1836- ----. A justice of the United States Supreme Court since 1890. Admiralty Reports for Western, Lake, and River Districts.

=Brown, James Allen.= _Pa._, 1821-1883. A Lutheran clergyman and educator, professor in Gettysburg Seminary, 1864-77. The New Theology.

=Brown, John Walker.= _N. Y._, 1814-1849. An Episcopal clergyman who won some fleeting notice as a poet. Christmas Bells, a Tale of Holy Tide, and Other Poems.

=Brown, Mrs. Phoebe [Hinsdale].= _N. Y._, 1783-1861. A hymn-writer remembered for her popular religious lyric, “I love to steal awhile away.”

=Brown, Samuel Gilman.= _Me._, 1813-1885. A Congregational clergyman who was president of Hamilton College, 1867-81. Biography of Self-Taught Men; Life of Rufus Choate. _Lit._

=Brown, Theron.= _Ct._, 1832- ----. A Baptist clergyman of Boston, who has written several books for young people, among which are The Blount Family; Walter Neil’s Example; Life Songs, a collection of verse. _Le. Lo._

=Brown, Thomas Edwin.= _D. C._, 1841- ----. A Baptist clergyman of Rochester, New York. Studies in Modern Socialism and Labor Problems.

=Brown, Thurlow Weed.= ---- -1866. A Wisconsin journalist prominent as a temperance advocate. Why I am a Temperance Man; Minnie Hermon, the Landlord’s Daughter; Temperance Tales.

=Browne, Charles Farrar=, “Artemus Ward.” _Me._, 1834-1867. A very genuine though grotesque humorist, whose satire is invariably good-natured and whose humour is based on shrewd sense. While a printer in the office of The Plaindealer, in Cleveland, he began publishing his series of letters from “Artemus Ward, Showman.” Later he became known as a popular humorous lecturer, and was lecturing in England with success at the time of his death. Artemus Ward: his Book; Artemus Ward Among the Mormons; Artemus Ward in London; Artemus Ward: His Travels; Artemus Ward’s Lecture at Egyptian Hall. _See Haweis’s American Humorists._

=Browne, Francis Fisher.= _Vt._, 1843- ----. A literary critic of Chicago and editor of The Dial since 1880. Everyday Life of Abraham Lincoln; Volunteer Grain, a collection of poems. _Wy._

=Browne, Irving.= _N. Y._, 1835-1899. A lawyer of Albany. Humorous Phases of the Law; Short Studies of Great Lawyers; Judicial Interpretation of Common Words and Phrases; Law and Lawyers in Literature; Iconoclasm and Whitewash; The Character of the Nurse’s Deceased Husband in Romeo and Juliet; Our Best Society, a comedy; The Elements of Criminal Law. _See The Green Bag, vol. 1._

=Browne, John Ross.= _I._, 1817-1875. A writer of amusing travels, illustrated by original drawings, which enjoyed a transient but profitable popularity. An American Family in Germany; Yusef, a Crusade in the East; Land of Thor, a volume of Icelandic experiences; Etchings of a Whaling Voyage; Crusoe’s Island; Adventures in the Apache Country. _Ap. Har._

=Browne, Junius Henri.= _N. Y._, 1833-1902. A journalist of New York city. Four Years in Secessia; The Great Metropolis, a Mirror of New York; Sights and Sensations in Europe. _See Lippincott’s Magazine, vol. 40._

=Browne, William Hand.= _Md._, 1828- ----. An historical writer of Baltimore who, besides assisting Scharf and other writers, has also written Maryland, the History of a Palatinate; George Calvert and Cecilius Calvert, barons Baltimore. _Do. Hou._

=Browne, William Hardcastle.= _Pa._, 1840- ----. A lawyer of Philadelphia. Digest of the Law of Divorce and Alimony in the United States; Famous Women of History; Bible Heroes.

=Brownell, Henry Howard.= _R. I._, 1820-1872. Nephew of T. C. Brownell, _infra_. A writer who served in the Civil War as ensign under Farragut, and was present in the two engagements described in his famous battle poems, The Bay Fight, The River Fight, which rank among the finest verses of their kind. Poems; People’s Book of Ancient and Modern History; Discoverers of North and South America; Lyrics of a Day; War Lyrics.

=Brownell, Thomas Church.= _Ms._, 1779-1865. The third Protestant Episcopal bishop of Connecticut. Family Prayer-Book; Commentary on the Prayer-Book; Youthful Christian’s Guide; Consolation for the Afflicted; Christian’s Walk and Consolation; Religion of Heart and Life, comprise the greater number of his works.

=Brownell, William Crary.= _N. Y._, 1851- ----. A New York journalist and critic. Newport; French Art; Classic and Contemporary Painting and Sculpture; French Traits: an essay in Comparative Criticism. _See The Bookman, December, 1896._ _Scr._

=Brownlee, William Craig.= _S._, 1784-1860. A Reformed Dutch clergyman of New York city, and a very active controversialist, whose batteries were chiefly directed at the Quakers and Roman Catholics. Inquiry into the Principles of the Quakers; The Roman Catholic Controversy; Treatise on Popery; Lights and Shadows of Scottish Life; Christian Youths’ Book; Christian Father at Home; Deity of Christ; History of the Western Apostolic Church; The Converted Murderer; The Whigs of Scotland, a romance.

=Brownlow, William Gannaway.= _Va._, 1805-1877. A Methodist preacher and journalist of Knoxville, Tennessee, conspicuous for his fidelity to the Union during the Civil War. At its close he served two terms as governor of his state. The Iron Wheel Examined and its False Spokes Extracted, a reply to attacks upon Methodism; Ought American Slavery to be Perpetuated; Sketches of the Rise, Progress, and Decline of Secession.

=Brownson, Orestes Augustus.= _Vt._, 1803-1876. A prominent philosophical thinker who in early life was successively a Presbyterian, a Universalist clergyman, a Socialist leader associated with Robert Owen, and a Unitarian clergyman, as well as an able political speaker at all times. In 1844 he became a Roman Catholic, and in Brownson’s Review, from that date until 1864, he ably defended the Roman Catholic faith from the standpoint of a liberal. His philosophy is more or less influenced by the thought of Cousin. New Views of Christianity, Society, and the Church; Charles Elwood, or the Infidel Converted (1840), a more or less autobiographic novel; Leaves from my Experience; Essays and Reviews; The Spirit-Rapper, an autobiography; The American Republic, a work on political ethics; Conversations on Liberalism. _See Complete Works, in 20 volumes, 1882-87, published in Detroit by his son Henry F. Brownson; Catholic World, volumes 45 and 46; Atlantic Monthly, June, 1896._

=Bruce, Wallace.= _N. Y._, 1844- ----. A poet and lecturer of Poughkeepsie. From the Hudson to the Yosemite; The Land of Burns; The Connecticut Daylight; in verse, The Hudson; Yosemite; Old Homestead Poems; Wayside Poems; In Clover and Heather; Here’s a Hand. _Har._

=Brush, Mrs. Christine [Chaplin].= _Me._, 1842-1892. Daughter of J. Chaplin, _infra_. An artist in water-colours whose home was in Brooklyn. Her most important book, The Colonel’s Opera Cloak, a novel, was first published anonymously. Her only other works are the two stories, Inside our Gate; One Summer’s Lessons in Perspective. _Rob._

=Bryan, Mrs. Mary [Edwards].= _Fl._, 1846- ----. A journalist of New York city who has written the novels Manch; Wild Work, a story of the reconstruction period in Louisiana; The Bayou Bride; Kildee.

=Bryant, John Howard.= _Ms._, 1807-1902. Brother of W. C. Bryant, _infra_. A poet and farmer of Princeton, Illinois. Poems; Poems written from Youth to Old Age, 1824-84.

=Bryant, William Cullen.= _Ms._, 1794-1878. A poet and journalist of New York city. In early life he began the practice of law, but soon abandoned it for journalism and, removing to New York in 1825, became in 1828 the editor of the Evening Post, with which he remained associated until his death. His earliest poem, The Embargo, a political satire, was published when its author was but thirteen, but the first collection of his poems was not made until 1821, the famous Thanatopsis being one of the eight which the volume comprised. The quantity of Bryant’s verse is small, the quality high, but not uniformly so. Its tone is usually calmly philosophic, and it rarely makes any very effective appeal to the sympathies, its coldness arising partly from lack of humour, partly from natural reserve. The Embargo; The Spanish Revolution; The Ages; The Fountain of Youth, and Other Poems; The White-Footed Deer; The Flood of Years; Thirty Poems; translations of the Iliad and Odyssey, both in unrhymed heroic pentameter; Letters of a Traveller, a prose work; Orations and Addresses. _See Commemorative Address by G. W. Curtis; Lives by J. Bigelow, Parke Godwin, A. J. Symington; Stedman’s Poets of America; Appleton’s American Biography; Wilson’s Bryant and his Friends, 1886; Gosse’s Questions at Issue; Magazine of American History, vol. 23; Atlantic Monthly, March, 1897._ _Ap. Cr. Hou._

=Bryant, William McKendree.= _Ind._, 1843- ----. A prominent educator of St. Louis. Philosophy of Landscape Painting; The World Energy and its Self-Conservation; Syllabus of Psychology; Ethics and the New Education; Text Book of Psychology; Life, Death, and Immortality. _Sc._

=Bryce, Lloyd.= _L. I._, 1851- ----. A novelist of New York city, editor of the North American Review, 1889-96. Paradise; A Dream of Conquest; The Romance of An Alter Ego; Friends in Exile.

=Brydges, Harold.= _See Bridge, J. H._

=Buchanan, James.= _Pa._, 1791-1868. The fifteenth president of the United States. Mr. Buchanan’s Administration (1866) is his own defence of his policy as President. _See Life of, by G. T. Curtis, infra._

=Buchanan, Joseph.= _Va._, 1785-1829. A once noted mechanical inventor of Kentucky who published The Philosophy of Human Nature.

=Buchanan, Joseph Rodes.= _Ky._, 1814-1899. Son of J. Buchanan, _supra_. A Boston physician who claimed to have invented the sciences of sarcognomy and psychometry. He published Buchanan’s Journal of Medicine, 1849-56, and wrote Outlines of Lectures on the Neurological System of Anthropology; Eclectric Practice of Medicine and Surgery; The New Education; Therapeutic Sarcognomy; Manual of Psychometry. _See One of a Thousand._

=Buck, Dudley.= _Ct._, 1839- ----. A composer and organist of Brooklyn. Dictionary of Musical Terms; The Influence of the Organ in History.

=Buck, Gurdon.= _N. Y._, 1807-1877. An eminent surgeon of New York city. He wrote much for medical journals and a treatise on Contributions to Reparative Surgery.

=Buckingham, Joseph Tinker.= _Ct._, 1779-1861. A Boston journalist of note who published, 1831-34, The New England Magazine, in which Dr. Holmes began his famous “Autocrat,” and The Boston Courier, 1828-48. Specimens of Newspaper Literature; Personal Memoirs and Recollections of Editorial Life.

=Buckley, James Monroe.= _N. J._, 1836- ----. A Methodist clergyman, editor since 1881 of the New York Christian Advocate. Two Weeks in the Yosemite Valley; Supposed Miracles; Christians and the Theatre; Oats or Wild Oats; The Land of the Czar and the Nihilist; Faith-Healing, Christian Science, and Kindred Phenomena; Travels in Three Continents, Europe, Africa, Asia. _Cent. Har. Lo. Meth._

=Buckminster, Joseph Stevens.= _N. H._, 1784-1812. A talented Unitarian clergyman of Boston, the first appointed lecturer on biblical criticism at Harvard University. Sermons, with Memoir by S. C. Thacher, 1814.

=Buel, Jesse.= _Ct._, 1778-1839. A noted agriculturist of Albany who effected many reforms in farming. He established the Albany Argus, The Cultivator, and published The Farmer’s Instructor, in ten volumes; and also The Farmer’s Companion, or Essays in Husbandry. _Har._

=Buel, Samuel.= _N. Y._, 1815-1892. An Episcopal clergyman of High Church proclivities, who was professor of divinity at the General Theological Seminary of New York from 1871. The Apostolic System Defended; Eucharistic Presence, Sacrifice, and Adoration; A Treatise on Dogmatic Theology. _Wh._

=Buell, Richard Hooker.= _Md._, 1842- ----. A United States civil engineer. The Cadet Engineer; Safety Valves; The Compound Steam-Engine and its Steam-Generating Plant.

=Bulfinch, Ellen Susan.= _Ms._, 1844- ----. An artist of Cambridge. Life and Letters of Charles Bulfinch, Architect. _Hou._

=Bulfinch, Stephen Greenleaf.= _Ms._, 1809-1870. A Unitarian clergyman of Boston, and son of Charles Bulfinch, the noted architect. Poems, Lays of the Gospel, Communion Thoughts; Contemplations of the Saviour; The Holy Land and its Inhabitants; The Harp and the Cross; Honour, or The Slave Dealer’s Daughter; Manual of the Evidences of Christianity; Studies in the Evidences of Christianity. _A. U. A. Le._

=Bulfinch, Thomas.= _Ms._, 1796-1867. Brother of S. G. Bulfinch, _supra_. A Boston banker whose leisure was devoted to literary pursuits. Hebrew Lyrical History; The Age of Fable; The Age of Chivalry; Boy Inventors; Legends of Charlemagne; Poetry of the Age of Fable; Oregon and Eldorado, or Romance of the Rivers. _Le._

=Bulkley, Peter.= _E._, 1583-1659. A Congregational clergyman of Concord, Massachusetts. His one work, The Gospel Covenant, or The Covenant of Grace Opened, is a ponderous series of sermons notable for its intellectual vigour. _See Tyler’s History of American Literature._

=Bullard, Asa.= _Ms._, 1804-1888. Brother-in-law of H. W. Beecher, _supra_. A Congregational clergyman of Massachusetts, long prominent in Sunday-school work. His principal writings are Sunnybank Stories; Shady Dell Stories; Fifty Years with the Sabbath School; Incidents in a Busy Life, an autobiography. _Le. Lo._

=Bullions, Peter.= _S._, 1791-1864. A United Presbyterian clergyman of Troy, New York, well known as a classical scholar. Among his text-books for schools are Principles of English Grammar; Principles of Greek Grammar; Latin and English Dictionary.

=Bullock, Alexander Hamilton.= _Ms._, 1816-1882. A prominent Massachusetts politician, at one period governor of the State. Intellectual Leaderships; Address on Several Occasions, with Memoir by G. F. Hoar. _Lit._

=Bump, Orlando Franklin.= _N. Y._, 1841-1881. A Baltimore lawyer, author of The Law and Practice of Bankruptcy; Federal Procedure.

=Bumstead, Freeman Josiah.= _Ms._, 1826-1879. A physician of New York city. Pathology and Treatment of Venereal Diseases, and translations from the French of Ricord and Cullerier.

=Bunce, Oliver Bell.= _N. Y._, 1828-1890. A New York littérateur, editor of Appleton’s Journal for the period of its existence, and well known as the author of Don’t (1883), a small volume of social negations which was widely circulated. He wrote also Bachelor Bluff, his Opinions, a volume of essays; My House; Marco Bozzaris, a drama; Love in ’76, a comedy; Romance of the Revolution; four stories, including Life Before Him; Bensly; A Bachelor’s Story; The Adventures of Timias Terrystone; Happinolande and Other Legends, a collection of sketches. _Ap. Co. Scr._