Chapter M (10)

=Thomas, Benjamin Franklin.= _Ms._, 1813-1878. Grandson of I. Thomas, _infra_. A jurist of Worcester, Massachusetts. Digest of Laws of Massachusetts in Relation to Powers, Duties, and Liabilities of Towns and Town Officers; Life of Isaiah Thomas, _infra_.

=Thomas, Cyrus.= _Tn._, 1825- ----. A noted ethnologist and entomologist in the government service. Actididæ of North America; Noxious and Beneficial Insects of Illinois; Study of the Manuscript Troano; Notes on Certain Maya and Mexican Manuscripts; Aids to the Study of the Maya Chronicles; The Cherokees and Shawnees in Pre-Columbian Times; Catalogue of Prehistoric Works East of the Rocky Mountains; Mound Exploration of the Bureau of Ethnology. _Clke._

=Thomas, David.= _Pa._, 1776-1859. A pomologist and engineer, once prominent in western New York. Travels in the West (1819).

=Thomas, Ebenezer Smith.= _Ms._, 1780-1844. Nephew of I. Thomas, _infra_. A Cincinnati journalist who published Reminiscences of the Last Sixty-Five Years (1840); Reminiscences of South Carolina.

=Thomas, Mrs. Edith [Carpenter].= _N. H._, _c._ 1864-1901. A writer of Millville, New Jersey. Lorenzo di Medici: an Historical Portrait; Your Money or Your Life, a novel. _Put. Scr._

=Thomas, Edith Matilda.= _O._, 1854- ----. A poet and prose-writer, formerly of Geneva, Ohio, but since 1888 of New York city and its vicinity. The best of her poems are marked by great refinement of expression as well as subtlety of thought. Beside a volume of prose papers, The Round Year, she has published in verse, A New Year’s Masque; A Winter Swallow, with Other Verse; Fair Shadow Land; Lyrics and Sonnets; The Inverted Torch; In Sunshine Land; In the Young World, the two last named being intended for juvenile reading. _Hou. Scr._

=Thomas, Frederick William.= _R. I._, 1811-1864. Son of E. S. Thomas, _supra_. A journalist, novelist, and educator who was also a Methodist clergyman. The Emigrant, a Poem; The Beechen Tree, and Other Poems; Sketches of Character; Randolph of Roanoke. His novels include, Clinton Bradshaw; East and West; Howard Pinckney.

=Thomas, Isaiah.= _Ms._, 1749-1831. A noted printer of Worcester, Massachusetts, who was the founder of the American Antiquarian Society at Worcester. He published The Massachusetts Spy till 1801; The New England Almanac; and wrote a valuable History of Printing. _See Life of, by B. F. Thomas, supra._

=Thomas, Jesse Burgess.= _Il._, 1832- ----. A Baptist clergyman, professor in the Theological Seminary at Newton, Massachusetts, from 1887. The Old Bible and the New Science; The Mould of Doctrine; Significance of the Historical Element in Scripture.

=Thomas, John Jacobs.= _N. Y._, 1810-1895. Son of D. Thomas, _supra_. An agricultural writer of Albany, long on the editorial staff of The Country Gentleman. He edited Rural Affairs, and was author of The American Fruit Culturist; Farm Implements: their Construction and Use; Farm Implements and Farm Machinery. He was a much-esteemed authority in his department.

=Thomas, Joseph.= _N. Y._, 1811-1891. Son of D. Thomas, _supra_. An eminent lexicographer of Philadelphia. A Pronouncing Gazetteer and Dictionary of the World; Gazetteer of the United States; Medical Dictionary; Universal Pronouncing Dictionary of Biography and Mythology; First Book of Etymology; Travels in Egypt and Palestine. _Lip._

=Thomas, Lewis Foulke.= _Md._, 1815-1868. Son of E. S. Thomas, _supra_. A lawyer and verse-writer of Washington. India, and Other Poems; Cortez the Conqueror, a drama; Osceola, a drama; Rhymes of the Routes.

=Thomas, Martha McCannon.= _Md._, 1825- ----. Daughter of E. S. Thomas, _supra_. Life’s Lessons, a Tale; Captain Phil, a story of the Civil War. _Ho._

=Thomas, Mary von Erden.= _S. C._, 1825- ----. Daughter of E. S. Thomas, _supra_. A computer in the Coast Survey Office at Washington from 1854. Winning the Battle, a novel.

=Thomas, Reuen.= _E._, 1840- ----. A Congregational clergyman, pastor of the Harvard Church at Brookline, Massachusetts, from 1875. Through Death to Life; Divine Sovereignty; Grafenburg People; Leaders of Thought in the Modern Church. _Lo._

=Thomas, Robert Baily.= _Ms._, 1766-1846. Editor for fifty-three years of The Farmer’s Almanack, which he first published in 1793 and which is still issued yearly.

=Thomas, Theodore Gaillard.= _S. C._, 1832-1903. An eminent physician of New York city who published Diseases of Women; Abortion and its Treatment. _Ap._

=Thomes, William Henry.= _Me._, 1824-1895. A journalist and traveller. Life in the East Indies; A Whaleman’s Adventures; A Slaver’s Adventures; Running the Blockade; The Belle of Australia; On Land and Sea; Lewey and I; Ocean Rovers.

=Thompson, Alexander Ramsey.= _N. Y._, 1822-1895. A Presbyterian clergyman of New York city who published Christianity and Patriotism; Casting Down Imaginations, and was the author of many hymns.

=Thompson, Augustus Charles.= _Ct._, 1812-1901. A Congregational clergyman, pastor of the Eliot Church at Roxbury, Massachusetts, from 1842. Lyra Cœlestis, or Hymns on Heaven; Christian’s Consolation; Songs in the Night; The Mercy Seat; Foreign Missions; Moravian Missions; Future Probation and Foreign Missions; Our Birthdays; Protestant Missions. _Cr. Scr._

=Thompson, Benjamin.= _See Rumford._

=Thompson, Charles Lemuel.= _Pa._, 1839- ----. A Presbyterian clergyman of New York city. Times of Refreshing: a History of American Revivals; Etchings in Verse. _Ran._

=Thompson, Charles Miner.= _Vt._, 1864- ----. Grandson of D. P. Thompson, _infra_. A Boston writer on the editorial staff of The Youth’s Companion. The Nimble Dollar, with Other Stories; Life of Ethan Allen. _Hou._

=Thompson, Daniel Greenleaf.= _Vt._, 1850-1897. Son of D. P. Thompson, _infra_. A lawyer of New York city. First Book in Latin; A System of Psychology; The Problem of Evil; The Religious Sentiments of the Human Mind; Social Progress; Philosophy of Fiction in Literature; Politics in a Democracy; Woman’s New Opportunity. _Lgs._

=Thompson, Daniel Pierce.= _Ms._, 1795-1868. A lawyer of Montpelier, Vermont, whose semi-historical fictions, though somewhat artless in construction, are vigorously conceived narratives of early life in Vermont, and have been very popular. Gaut Gurley; May Martin; Green Mountain Boys; Locke Amsden; Lucy Hosmer; The Doomed Chief; The Rangers; Tales of the Green Mountains; Centeola, and Other Tales; History of Montpelier. _Cr. Le._

=Thompson, Hugh Miller.= _I._, 1830-1902. The second Protestant Episcopal bishop of Mississippi. Unity and its Restoration; Copy, a collection of essays; Sin and its Penalty; First Principles; The World and the Logos; The World and the Kingdom; The World and the Man; The World and the Wrestlers; Absolution. _Wh._

=Thompson, [James] Maurice.= _Ind._, 1844-1901. A writer of Crawfordsville, Indiana, who was a Confederate soldier during the Civil War, and State geologist of Indiana, 1885-89. His work in fiction includes, A Tallahassee Girl; His Second Campaign; At Love’s Extremes; A Fortnight of Folly; The Ocala Boy; King of Honey Island. Other works are, Hoosier Mosaics, a volume of sketches; The Witchery of Archery; Songs of Fair Weather; Byways and Bird Notes; Sylvan Secrets; The Story of Louisiana; Poems (1892); Lincoln’s Grave, a Poem. _Hou. Lo. Scr. St._

=Thompson, John Reuben.= _Va._, 1823-1873. A journalist and lawyer of Richmond, Virginia, editor of The Southern Literary Messenger, 1847-59, and very popular in the South as a lyrist. _See Manly’s Southern Literature._

=Thompson, Joseph Parrish.= _Pa._, 1819-1879. An eminent Congregational clergyman of New York city, pastor of the Broadway Tabernacle, 1845-71, and from 1872 a resident in Berlin, Germany. The Theology of Christ; Man in Genesis and Geology; Lectures to Young Men; Church and State in the United States; The United States as a Nation; Egypt Past and Present; The Workman: his False Friends and his True Friends; Life of Christ; American Comments on European Questions; Christianity and Emancipation; The Holy Comforter, include his principal works. _Ran._

=Thompson, Lewis O----.= _N._, 1839-1887. A Presbyterian clergyman of Peoria, Illinois. The Presidents and their Administrations; Nothing Lost; How to Conduct Prayer Meetings; The Prayer Meeting and its Improvement; Nineteen Christian Centuries in Outline. _Lo._

=Thompson, Maurice.= _See Thompson, J. M._

=Thompson, Mortimer.= “Q. K. Philander Doesticks.” 1830-1875. A once popular humourous writer and lecturer. Doesticks: What he Says; Plu-Ri-Bus-Tah, a travesty of “Hiawatha;” The Witches of New York; Nothing to Say; History and Records of the Elephant Club.

=Thompson, Richard Wigginton.= _Va._, 1809-1900. An Indiana jurist who was secretary of the United States navy, 1877-81. The Papacy and the Civil Power; Footprints of the Jesuits; History of Protective Tariff Laws. _Cr. Har. Meth._

=Thompson, Robert Ellis.= _I._, 1844- ----. A political economist of Philadelphia. He was editor of The Penn Monthly, 1870-80; professor in the University of Pennsylvania, 1870-92; president of the Central High School from 1894. History of the Presbyterian Churches in the United States; Elements of Political Economy; Social Science and National Economy; Hard Times and What to Learn from Them; Protection to Home Industry; De Civitate Dei. _Ap. Bai. Gi. Wat._

=Thompson, William Tappan.= _O._, 1812-1882. A prominent journalist of Savannah, the rough, extravagant humour of whose studies of Georgia life was once popular. Major Jones’s Courtship; Major Jones’s Sketches of Travel; Major Jones’s Characters of Pineville; The Live Indian, a Farce; John’s Alive. _See Manly’s Southern Literature._ _Ap._

=Thompson, Seymour Dwight.= _Il._, 1842-1904. A lawyer of Saint Louis. On the Liability of Stockholders in Corporations; Charging the Jury; The Law of Carriers of Passengers; The Law of Negligence in Relations not resting in Contract; Liabilities of Directors; Homesteads and Exemptions.

=Thompson, Zadock.= _Vt._, 1796-1856. An Episcopal clergyman, professor of natural history in the University of Vermont, and State geologist, 1845-48. History of Vermont, Natural, Civil, and Statistical; Gazetteer of Vermont; Geography and Geology of Vermont; Guide to Lake George.

=Thomson, Charles.= _I._, 1729-1824. A writer of Lower Merion, Pennsylvania, who was secretary of the first Continental Congress. He published Inquiry into the Causes of the Alienation of the Delaware and Shawanese Indians; Synopsis of the Four Evangelists; a noted translation of the Bible, that of the Old Testament being the earliest English version of the Septuagint.

=Thomson, Charles West.= _Pa._, 1798-1879. An Episcopal clergyman at York, Pennsylvania, 1849-66, who wrote The Limner, in prose; and in verse, The Phantom Barge; The Sylph; Elinor; The Love of Home.

=Thomson, Edward.= _E._, 1810-1870. A Methodist clergyman, president of Ohio Wesleyan University, 1846-60. Evidences of Revealed Religion; Our Oriental Missions; Educational Essays; Moral and Religious Essays; Biographical Sketches; Letters from Europe; Letters from India. _See Life of, by his son._ _Meth._

=Thomson, Edward William.= _Ont._, 1849- ----. A civil engineer of Boston who was for some years editor-in-chief of The Toronto Globe. Old Man Savarin, and Other Stories, a striking collection of short stories; Walter Gibbs, a book for boys; and the metrical portions of M. S. Henry’s version of Aucassin and Nicolette. _Cop. Cr._

=Thomson, James Bates.= _Vt._, 1808-1883. An educator of Brooklyn who was a mathematician and conchologist. He published a School Algebra; Arithmetical Analysis, and a popular series of arithmetics.

=Thomson, Samuel.= _N. H._, 1769-1843. A physician of Boston who originated the Thomsonian school of medicine, so called. Materia Medica and Family Physician; New Guide to Health; Life and Medical Discoveries.

=Thomson, Samuel Harrison.= _Ky._, 1813-1882. Cousin of W. M. Thomson, _infra_. A Presbyterian clergyman and educator. The Mosaic Account of the Creation; Geology an Interpreter of Scripture.

=Thomson, William Hanna.= _Sa._, 1833- ----. Son of W. M. Thomson, _infra_. A physician of New York city. The Great Argument, or Jesus Christ in the Old Testament; The Parables and Their Home; Materialism and Modern Physiology of the Nervous System. _Har. Put._

=Thomson, William McClure.= _O._, 1806-1894. A Presbyterian missionary in Beyrout, 1833-76, widely known as author of The Land and the Book. He wrote also The Land of Promise. _Har._

=Thorburn, Grant.= “Lawrie Todd.” _S._, 1773-1863. A Scottish nail-maker who came to America in 1794, and subsequently established himself in New York city as a seedsman. He was a noted figure in his day, not only as the hero of Galt’s novel, Lawrie Todd, but because of his eccentricities. Lawrie Todd’s Notes on Virginia; Fifty Years’ Reminiscences of New York; Men and Manners in Great Britain; Hints to Merchants, Married Men, and Bachelors; Forty Years’ Residence in America. _See Autobiography._

=Thoreau= [thō´rō], =Henry David.= _Ms._, 1817-1862. A unique figure in literature, whose fame, circumscribed in his lifetime, has steadily widened since his death. He was all his life a resident of Concord, Massachusetts, devoting himself to the study of nature, and occasionally working at his trade of pencil-making, surveying, or lecturing, for his support. A Week on the Concord and Merrimac Rivers, and Walden were the only works by him which were published in his lifetime. Those since issued include, Excursions; Maine Woods; Cape Cod; A Yankee in Canada. Early Spring in Massachusetts; Summer; Autumn; Winter, are selections from Thoreau’s Journal edited by H. G. O. Blake. Still other works are, Miscellanies; Letters to Various Persons; Familiar Letters; Poems of Nature. _See North American Review, October, 1865; Fraser’s Magazine, April, 1866; Memoir by Emerson in Thoreau’s Miscellanies; Thoreau: the Poet Naturalist, by W. E. Channing, 1873; Life and Aims of, by Page, 1877; Encyclopædia Britannica, ninth edition; Harvard Register, April, 1881; Life by Sanborn, 1882; Thoreau: a Glimpse, by S. H. Jones, 1890; Life by Salt, 1890; Atlantic Monthly, December, 1896; Foley’s American Authors, 1897._ _Hou._

=Thorne, P.= _See Smith, Mrs. Mary._

=Thorne, William Henry.= _E._, 18-- - ----. An aggressive essayist and critic, editor of The Globe Review from 1889. He came to the United States from England in 1855, and after some years spent in the Presbyterian ministry became a Roman Catholic layman. Modern Idols: Studies in Biography and Criticism; Quintets, and Other Verses. _Lip._

=Thornton, Jessy Quinn.= _W. Va._, 1810-1888. An Oregon jurist of note. Oregon and California in 1848; History of the Provisional Government of Oregon; The Gold Mines of California.

=Thornton, John Wingate.= _Me._, 1818-1878. A Boston lawyer of genealogical tastes. Colonial Schemes of Popham and Gorges; The Landing at Cape Anne; First Records of Anglo-American Civilization; The Pulpit of the American Revolution; Historical Relation of New England to the English Commonwealth, include his principal publications.

=Thornton, William.= _W. I._, 17-- -1827. A physician and architect of Philadelphia who removed to Washington, where he drew the plans of the first Capitol building, and was at the head of the Patent Office, 1802-27. Cadmus, or the Elements of Written Language.

=Thornton, William.= _E._, 1846- ----. A physician of Boston. The Origin, Purpose, and Destiny of Man.

=Thornwell, James Henley.= _S. C._, 1812-1862. A Presbyterian clergyman, professor in the theological seminary at Columbia, South Carolina, prominent alike for his rigid Calvinism and his extreme pro-slavery opinions. Arguments of Romanists Discussed and Refuted; Discourses on Truth; Rights and Duties of Masters; The State of the Country.

=Thorpe, Francis Newton.= _Ms._, 1857- ----. A lawyer of Philadelphia. The Government of the People of the United States; The Story of the Constitution. _Meth._

=Thorpe, Kamba.= _See Bellamy, Mrs._

=Thorpe, Mrs. Rosa [Hartwick].= _Ind._, 1850- ----. A verse-writer chiefly known as the author of Curfew Must Not Ring Tonight. Temperance Poems; Ringing Ballads; and several juvenile prose works, including The Year’s Best Days; The Chester Girls; Fred’s Dark Days; The Fenton Family; Minna Bruce. _Le._

=Thorpe, Thomas Bangs.= _Ms._, 1815-1878. An artist and author of New Orleans, 1836-53, and in later life of New York city. Niagara as It Is is his finest painting. His writings include, The Hive of the Bee Hunter; Tom Owen the Bee Hunter; Mysteries of the Backwoods; Our Army of the Rio Grande; Our Army at Monterey; A Voice to America; Scenes in Arkansas; Lynde Weirs, an Autobiography.

=Throop, Montgomery Hunt.= _N. Y._, 1827-1892. A lawyer of New York city. The Future: a Political Essay; Validity of Verbal Agreements; Annotated Code of Civil Procedure; The New York Justices’ Manual; Digest of Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court Decisions; Revised Statutes of the State of New York.

=Thurber, Charles Herbert.= _N. Y._, 1864- ----. An educator of Chicago, a professor in the University of Chicago from 1895. In and Out of Ithaca; The Higher Schools of Prussia.

=Thurber, George.= _R. I._, 1821-1890. A botanist who edited The American Agriculturist, 1863-90. He published American Weeds and Useful Plants, a revision of Darlington’s Agricultural Botany.

=Thurston, Robert Henry.= _R. I._, 1839-1903. An eminent mechanical engineer and inventor, professor in Stevens Technological Institute at Hoboken, 1871-85, and director of Sibley College, Cornell University, from 1885. Friction and Lubrication; Manual of the Steam Engine; Manual of Steam Boilers; Engine and Boiler Trials; History of the Growth of the Steam Engine; Materials of Engineering; Friction and Lost Work; Steam-Boiler Explosions in Theory and Practice; Heat as a Form of Energy; Robert Fulton, his Life and its Results, include his most important works. _Ap. Do. Hou. Wil._

=Thwaites, Reuben Gold.= _Ms._, 1853- ----. An historical writer in Wisconsin, and secretary of the State Historical Society. Historic Waterways: Six Hundred Miles of Canoeing down the Rock, Fox, and Wisconsin Rivers; The Story of Wisconsin; Our Cycling Tour in England; The Colonies, 1492-1750. He is also the editor of the Jesuit Relations and Allied Documents. _See Bibliography of Wisconsin._ _Bur. Le. Lgs. Mg._

=Thwing= [twing], =Charles Franklin.= _Me._, 1853- ----. A Congregational clergyman of Minneapolis from 1886. American Colleges; The Reading of Books; The Working Church; The Family: an Historical and Social Study (with Mrs. Thwing); The College Woman. _Le. Put._

=Thwing, Edward Payson.= _Mo._, 1830-1893. A Congregational clergyman and professor of vocal culture. The Preacher’s Cabinet; Out-Door Life in Europe; Windows of Character; The King in His Beauty; Ex-Oriente; Drill Book in Vocal Culture. _Fu._

=Ticknor, Caleb B----.= _Ct._, 1805-1840. A homœopathic physician of New York city. Medical Philosophy; Guide to Mothers and Nurses.

=Ticknor, Caroline.= _Ms._, 18-- - ----. A Boston writer of short stories. A Hypocritical Romance, and Other Stories; Miss Belladonna, a Child of To-day. _Kt. Lit._

=Ticknor, Francis Orrery.= _Ga._, 1822-1874. A physician near Columbus, Georgia. Virginians of the Valleys, and Other Poems, edited by Paul Hayne, _supra_, appeared in 1879. _Lip._

=Ticknor, George.= 1791-1871. A noted Boston historian who was professor of modern languages at Harvard University, 1820-35. A History of Spanish Literature, the fruit of many years’ study and research, is his principal work. It is a recognized authority in its department, but is cold and lifeless in its treatment of the subject. Other works by him are, Life of W. H. Prescott, _supra_; Life of Lafayette. _See London Quarterly Review, October, 1850; Lippincott’s Magazine, May, 1876; Life, Letters, and Journals; Allibone’s Dictionary and Supplement. Foley’s American Authors, 1897._ _Hou. Lip._

=Tidball, John Caldwell.= _W. Va._, 1825- ----. A Federal officer during the Civil War who has published a Manual of Heavy Artillery Service.

=Tidball, Mrs. Mary Langdon.= 18-- -1904. Wife of J. C. Tidball, _supra_. A novelist of Virginia. Barbara’s Vagaries. _Har._

=Tidball, Thomas Allen.= _Va._, 1847- ----. Cousin of J. C. Tidball, _supra_. An Episcopal clergyman of Philadelphia, rector of the Church of the Epiphany. Christ in the New Testament; The Character of Christ its Own Witness; The Holy Spirit as Energizing the Sacrament. _Wh._

=Tiedeman, Christopher Gustavus.= _S. C._, 1857-1903. A legal writer, professor of law in the University of Missouri, 1881-91, and from 1891 professor of constitutional law in the University of the City of New York. The Law of Real Property; Limitations of the Police Power; Commercial Paper; The Unwritten Constitution of the United States; Law of Sales; Law of Municipal Corporations. _Put._

=Tiernan, Mrs. Frances [Fisher].= “Christian Reid.” _N. C._, 18-- - ----. A popular novelist whose writings include, Valerie Aylmer; Mabel Lee; Morton House; A Daughter of Bohemia; Miss Churchill; Bonny Kate; Ebb Tide; Nina’s Atonement, and Other Stories; After Many Days; Heart of Steel; Hearts and Hands; A Question of Honor; A Summer Idyl; A Gentle Belle; Roslyn’s Fortune; A Comedy of Elopement; The Picture of Las Cruces; The Land of the Sun; A Woman of Fortune. _Ap._

=Tiernan, Mrs. Mary Spear [Nicholas].= 1836-1891. A Georgia novelist. Homoselle; Suzette; Jack Horner. _Ho. Hou._

=Tiffany, Alexander Ralston.= _Ont._, 1796-1868. A jurist of Palmyra, Michigan, The Justices’ Guide; Criminal Law; Form Book for Michigan Attorneys.

=Tiffany, Charles Comfort.= _Md._, 1829- ----. An Episcopal clergyman of New York city, but prior to 1866 a Congregational clergyman. Expression in Church Architecture; History of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States.

=Tiffany, Francis.= _Md._, 1827- ----. A Unitarian clergyman living in Cambridge, pastor at West Newton, Massachusetts, 1865-82. Life of Dorothea Lynde Dix, _supra_; Bird Bolts; Life of Charles Francis Barnard; This Goodly Frame, the Earth, a volume of travels in America, Japan, Egypt, Palestine, and Greece. _El. Hou._

=Tiffany, Joel.= 18-- - ----. Treatise on Government and Constitutional Law; Man and His Destiny; Reports of Cases Argued and Determined in the Court of Appeals of the State of New York; The Book of Forms (with H. Smith); Laws of Trusts and Trustees (with E. Bullard); Treatise on Practice and Pleadings in the Courts of Record (with H. Smith).

=Tiffany, Osmond.= _Md._, 1823- ----. A custom-house clerk in Baltimore from 1869. The Canton Chinese; Brandon, a Tale of the American Revolution; Life of General Otho Williams.

=Tiffany, Otis Henry.= _Md._, 1825- ----. A Methodist clergyman of prominence. Pulpit and Platform Addresses and Sermons. _Meth._

=Tigert, John James.= _Ky._, 1856- ----. A Methodist clergyman and educator in Nashville. Handbook of Logic; The Preacher Himself; A Voice from the South; Constitutional History of American Episcopal Methodism.

=Tilden, Samuel Jones.= _N. Y._, 1814-1886. A distinguished lawyer and statesman, governor of New York in 1874, and the Democratic candidate for the presidency in 1876. Writings and Speeches, edited by John Bigelow. _See Lives of, by Cook, 1876, J. Bigelow, 1895._ _Har._

=Tilden, William Phillips.= _Ms._, 1811-1890. A Unitarian clergyman of Boston. The Work of the Ministry; Buds for the Bridal Wreath. _See Autobiography._ _El. Le._

=Tillett, Wilbur Fisk.= _N. C._, 1854- ----. A Methodist clergyman and educator, vice-chancellor of Vanderbilt University, Nashville. 1882-95. Our Hymns and their Authors; Discussions in Theology.

=Tillinghast, Nicholas.= _Ms._, 1804-1856. A Massachusetts educator, principal of the Normal School at Bridgewater, 1840-53. Elements of Plane Geometry; Prayers for Schools.

=Tillman, Samuel Dyer.= _N. Y._, 1815-1875. A lawyer who practiced in Seneca Falls, New York, and, removing to New York city in 1850, devoted himself to scientific pursuits, and published a Treatise on Musical Sounds.

=Tillman, Samuel Escue.= _Tn._, 1847- ----. A soldier and educator, professor of chemistry at West Point from 1880. Elementary Lessons in Heat; Essential Principles of Chemistry.

=Tilton, Benjamin Trowbridge.= _R. I._, 1868- ----. Brother of W. F. Tilton, _infra_. A physician of New York city, translator of Die Specielle Chirurgie, in two volumes, and Allgemeine Chirurgie from the German of Tillmanns. _Ap._

=Tilton, Theodore.= _N. Y._, 1835- ----. A journalist and verse-writer who was editor of The New York Independent, 1863-72, and since 1883 has lived in Europe. The American Board and Slavery; The King’s Ring; Sanctum Sanctorum or an Editor’s Proof Sheets; Life of Victoria Woodhull; Tempest-Tossed, a novel; Swabian Stories; The Sexton’s Tale, and Other Poems; Thou and I, a volume of verse.

=Tilton, William Frederic.= _Ms._, 1867- ----. An historical writer. Die Spanische Armada; The Life of Philip the Second.

=Timayenis, Telemachus Thomas.= _A. M._, 1853- ----. A writer of New York city of Greek parentage, resident in the United States from 1870. The Modern Greek, its Pronunciation and Relations to Ancient Greek; A History of Greece; Greece in the Times of Homer; Contes Tirés de Shakespeare; Talks with Æsop; In Search of Happiness, a play. _Ap. Scr._

=Timrod, Henry.= _S. C._, 1829-1867. Son of W. H. Timrod, _infra_. A poet and journalist of Charleston, and, in his last years, of Columbia, South Carolina, whose verse has very real merit. Spring in Carolina is one of his best poems. _See Poems (1873), with Memoir by Paul Hayne, supra; Manly’s Southern Literature._

=Timrod, William Henry.= _S. C._, 1792-1838. A bookbinder of Charleston who published a volume of Lyrics.

=Tincker, Mary Agnes.= _Me._, 1833- ----. A popular novelist who lived in Italy, 1873-87, and subsequently in Boston. Signor Monaldini’s Niece; The Jewel in the Lotus; Aurora; Two Coronets; By the Tiber; The House of Yorke; A Winged Word; Grapes and Thorns; Six Sunny Months; San Salvador. _Hou. Lip. Rob._

=Tinto, Dick.= _See Goodrich, F. B._

=Titchener, Edward Bradford.= _E._, 1867- ----. A professor of psychology at Cornell University from 1892, and Sage professor of psychology there from 1895; the American editor of Mind, and co-editor of The American Journal of Psychology. Beside translating Knelpe’s Outlines of Psychology and other German works, he has published An Outline of Psychology. _Mac._

=Titcomb, Sarah Elizabeth.= _Ms._, 1841-1895. A Boston writer who published Early New England People; Mind-Cure on a Material Basis; Aryan Sun Myths the Origin of Religions.

=Titcomb, Timothy.= _See Holland, J. G._

=Todd, Albert.= _R. I._, 1854- ----. A lieutenant in the United States army who has published The Campaigns of the Rebellion.

=Todd, Charles Burr.= _Ct._, 1849- ----. A magazinist of Redding, Connecticut. Life and Letters of Joel Barlow, _supra_; General History of the Burr Family; History of Redding, Connecticut; Story of the City of New York; The Story of the City of Washington. _Put._

=Todd, David Peck.= _N. Y._, 1855- ----. Son of S. E. Todd, _infra_. A professor of astronomy at Amherst College from 1881. Stars and Telescopes (with W. T. Lynn); Astronomy for Beginners, and many scientific papers. _Am. Rob._

=Todd, John.= _Vt._, 1800-1873. A Congregational clergyman, pastor of the First Church in Pittsfield, Massachusetts, 1842-72. Among his many popular works are included, Lectures to Children; Student’s Manual; Truth Made Simple; Hints to Young Men; The Daughter at School; Mountain Gems; Woman’s Rights; Sunset Land; Old-Fashioned Lives; Future Punishment. _See Life; Harper’s Magazine, February, 1876._ _Le. Ran._

=Todd, Lawrie.= _See Thorburn, Grant._

=Todd, Mrs. Mabel [Loomis].= _Ms._, 1858- ----. Wife of D. P. Todd, _supra_, and daughter of E. J. Loomis, _supra_. She has edited The Poems and Letters of Emily Dickinson, _supra_; A Cycle of Sonnets, and is the author of a work on Total Eclipses of the Sun. _Rob._

=Todd, Mrs. Marion.= _N. Y._, 1841- ----. A lawyer and lecturer of Eaton Rapids, Michigan. Railways of Europe and America, or Government Ownership; Protective Tariff Delusion. _Ar._

=Todd, Sereno Edwards.= _N. Y._, 1820-1898. A journalist of New York city, at one period agricultural editor of The Times, and afterward living at Orange, New Jersey. The Apple Culturist; Young Farmer’s Manual; The American Wheat Culturist; Country Homes; Rural Poetry and Country Lyrics. _Har._

=Toland, Mrs. Mary B---- M----.= 18-- - ----. Sir Rae; Stella; Iris; Onti Ora; Aegle and the Elf; Eudora; Legend Layamone; Tisáyac of the Yo-Semite; Atlina, the Queen of the Floating Isle. _Lip._

=Tomes, Robert.= _N. Y._, 1817-1882. A physician and littérateur. Panama in 1855; Bourbon Prince; My College Days; Richard the Lion-Hearted; Oliver Cromwell; The Americans in Japan; Battles of America by Sea and Land; The War with the South; The Champagne Country. _Har._

=Tomlinson, Everett Titsworth.= _N. J._, 1859- ----. A Baptist clergyman of Elizabeth, New Jersey, popular as a writer of juvenile tales, among which are, The Search for Andrew Field; The Boy Soldiers of 1812; The Boy Officers of 1812; Three Colonial Boys; Tecumseh’s Young Braves; Three Young Continentals. _Hou. Le. We._

=Tompson, Benjamin.= _Ms._, 1642-1714. A colonial educator, the master of a preparatory school in Cambridge for nearly forty years from 1670, and a satirical verse-writer of some merit. New England’s Crisis, a poem on King Philip’s War. _See Tyler’s American Literature._

=Tone, William Theobald Wolfe.= _I._, 1791-1828. A son of Wolfe Tone, the Irish patriot and French general. After serving in the French army he came to America in 1816 and was in the artillery service of the United States for ten years. L’État civil et politique de l’Italie sous la domination des Goths; School of Cavalry, a proposed system for the United States cavalry. He also edited his father’s autobiography.

=Toner, Joseph Meredith.= _Pa._, 1825-1896. An eminent physician of Washington city, among whose writings are, Abortion in its Medical and Moral Aspects; Maternal Instinct; Medical Men of the Revolution.

=Toppan, Robert Noxon.= _Pa._, 1836-1901. A lawyer of Cambridge, Massachusetts. Historical Summary of Metallic Money; Biographical Sketches of Old Newbury. _Lit._

=Torrey, Bradford.= _Ms._, 1843- ----. An essayist of Boston, a member of the editorial staff of The Youth’s Companion. Birds in the Bush; The Foot-Path Way; A Rambler’s Lease; A Florida Sketch-Book; Spring Notes from Tennessee. _Hou._

=Torrey, Charles Turner.= _Ms._, 1813-1846. An anti-slavery reformer who was imprisoned in Baltimore for aiding in the escape of slaves, and died in imprisonment. Memoir of William Saxton; Home, or the Pilgrim’s Faith Reward. _See Memoir of the Martyr Torrey, 1847._

=Torrey, John.= _N. Y._, 1796-1873. A distinguished botanist and physician of New York city, professor in the College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1827-55, and United States assayer, 1853-73. Catalogue of Plants Growing Spontaneously Within Thirty Miles of New York; Flora of the Northern and Middle States; Flora of New York State.

=Torrey, Joseph.= _Ms._, 1797-1867. A Congregational clergyman and educator, professor in the University of Vermont, 1827-67. A Theory of Art; translation of Neander’s History of the Christian Religion. _Scr._

=Totten, Benjamin J----.= _W. I._, 1806-1877. A naval officer of New Bedford. Totten’s Naval Text-Book.

=Totten, Charles Adelle Lewis.= _Ct._, 1851- ----. A military inventor. Strategos, the American War Game; Yale Military Lectures; Nativity: its Facts and Fancies. _Ap._

=Totten, Joseph Gilbert.= _Ct._, 1788-1864. A military engineer of distinction, brevetted major-general in 1864. Essays on Hydraulic and Other Cements.

=Totten, Silas.= _N. Y._, 1804-1873. An Episcopal clergyman, president of Trinity College, 1837-48. New Introduction to Algebra; The Analogy of Truth.

=Toucey, Sinclair.= _Ct._, 1818-1887. A publisher of New York city, president of the American News Company, 1864-87. Papers from Over the Water.

=Toulmin, Henry.= _E._, 1767-1823. A jurist who was the Kentucky secretary of state, 1796-1804, and president of Transylvania University, and subsequently lived in Alabama. A Description of Kentucky; Magistrate’s Assistant; Collection of the Acts of Kentucky; Review of the Criminal Law of Kentucky (with J. Blair); Digest of the Territorial Laws of Alabama.

=Tourgée= [toor-zhay´], =Albion Winegar.= _O._, 1838- ----. A writer who settled in North Carolina at the close of the Civil War and practised law there, becoming a member of the judiciary. Some of his experiences are related in his novel, A Fool’s Errand, which made a great sensation when first issued. He was subsequently editor of Our Continent, in Philadelphia, and in 1897 became consul at Bordeaux. His other works include, Bricks Without Straw; Figs and Thistles; Hot Plowshares; An Appeal to Cæsar; Black Ice; With Gauge and Swallow; Pactolus Prime; Mervale Eastman; Button’s Inn; An Outing with the Queen of Hearts; Letters to a King; John Eax; A Royal Gentleman; The Mortgage on the Hip-Roof House. _Cas. Fo. Lip. Meth. Rob._

=Towle= [tōle], =George Makepeace.= _D. C._, 1841-1893. A Boston journalist and littérateur. History of Henry V.; Glimpses of History; Modern France; Certain Men of Mark; American Society; Beaconsfield; England and Russia in Asia; England in Egypt; Young People’s History of England; Young People’s History of Ireland; The Nation in a Nutshell; Heroes of History; The Literature of the English Language; Heroes and Martyrs of Invention. _Ap. Har. Hou. Le. Rob._

=Towler, John.= _E._, 1811- ----. An English educator who settled in America in 1850, was a professor in Hobart College, Geneva, New York, 1853-82, and subsequently lived at Orange, New Jersey. Beside publishing a number of works on photography, he wrote Der Kleine Engländer, and was co-editor of Hilpert’s German and English Dictionary.

=Towles, Catherine.= _See McCoy, Mrs._

=Town, Ithiel.= _Ct._, 1784-1844. An architect of New York city who built the State capitols of North Carolina and Indiana. School-House Architecture; Atlantic Steamships; Improvement in Construction of Bridges.

=Town, Salem.= _Ms._, 1779-1864. A once noted educator of New York and Indiana. System of Speculative Masonry; Analysis of English Derivatives; and, with N. Holbrook, a popular series of readers.

=Towne, Edward Cornelius.= _Ms._, 1834- ----. A Congregational clergyman of New Haven. The Question of Hell; Electricity and Life.

=Townsend, Calvin.= 18-- - ----. Analysis of the United States Constitution; Compendium of Commercial Law; Analysis of Letter-Writing; Shorter Course in Civil Government. _Am._

=Townsend, Charles.= 18-- - ----. Essays on Mind, Matter, Force, etc.; Primordial Principles of the Universe.

=Townsend, Edward Davis.= _Ms._, 1817-1893. An adjutant-general of the United States army, at the time of his death on the retired list as brigadier-general. He was chief executive officer of the war department in Washington during the Civil War. Catechism of the Bible; Anecdotes of the Civil War in the United States. _Ap._

=Townsend, Edward Waterman.= _O._, 1855- ----. A journalist of New York city whose studies of Bowery life and dialect have been widely popular. Chimmie Fadden, Major Max, and Other Stories; Chimmie Fadden Explains, Major Max Expounds; A Daughter of the Tenements, a novel; Near a Whole City Full, a collection of short dramatic stories. In collaboration he has written several plays, including Chimmie Fadden; A Daughter of the Tenements; The Marquis of Michigan. _Ll._

=Townsend, Eliza.= _Ms._, 1789-1854. A verse-writer of Boston whose collected Poems and Miscellanies appeared in 1856. _See Griswold’s Female Poets of America._

=Townsend, George Alfred.= “Gath.” _Del._, 1841- ----. A journalist of New York city and Chicago famous as a war correspondent, among whose writings are, Washington Outside and Inside; Tales of the Chesapeake; Bohemian Days; Campaigns of a Non-Combatant; The Entailed Hat, a novel; Poems; Life of Garibaldi; The Real Life of Abraham Lincoln; Katy of Catoctin, a National Romance; Mrs. Reynolds and Hamilton. _See Hart’s American Literature._ _Ap. Har._

=Townsend, Howard.= _N. Y._, 1823-1867. A physician of Albany. The Sunbeam and the Spectroscope; Food and its Digestion; Sinai Bible.

=Townsend, John Kirk.= _Pa._, 1809-1851. A naturalist of Washington. A Journey to the Columbia River (1839), republished in London as Sporting Adventures in the Rocky Mountains.

=Townsend, Luther Tracy.= _Me._, 1838- ----. A Methodist clergyman and educator of prominence, professor in Boston University, 1873-93, a pastor in Baltimore from 1893. God-Man; Credo; The Fate of Republics; Outlines of Christian Theology; Sword and Garment; The Arena and the Throne; The Intermediate World; Search and Manifestations; The Mosaic Record and Modern Science; Bible Miracles and Modern Thought; Outlines of Theology; The Supernatural Factor in Religious Revivals; Real and Pretended Christianity; The Bible and Other Ancient Literature in the Nineteenth Century; The Chinese Problem; The Intermediate World; The Art of Speech. _Ap. Le. Meth._

=Townsend, Mrs. Mary Ashley [Van Voorhees].= “Xariffa.” _N. Y._, 1832-1901. A popular verse-writer of New Orleans. Xariffa’s Poems; Down the Bayou, and Other Poems; Distaff and Spindle; The Captain’s Story, a Poem; The Brother Clerks. _Lip._

=Townsend, Virginia Frances.= _Ct._, 1836- ----. Kinswoman to L. T. Townsend, _supra_. A novelist. A Woman’s Word; One Woman’s Two Lovers; Lenox Dare; Protestant Queen of Navarre; Only Girls; Sirs, Only Seventeen; A Boston Girl’s Ambition; Six in All; But a Philistine; That Queer Girl, are a few of her works. _Le. Lip. Meth._

=Toy, Crawford Howell.= _Va._, 1836- ----. A Unitarian clergyman, professor of Hebrew in Harvard University Divinity School. Quotations in the New Testament; History of the Religion of Israel; Judaism and Christianity, the Progress of Thought from the Old Testament to the New. _Lit. Scr._

=Tracy, Charles Chapin.= _Pa._, 1838- ----. A Presbyterian foreign missionary. Letters to Members of Oriental Families; Myra, or a Child’s Story of Missionary Life.

=Tracy, Ira.= _Vt._, 1806-1875. Brother of J. Tracy, _infra_. A Congregational missionary in the East Indies, author of Duty to the Heathen.

=Tracy, Joseph.= _Vt._, 1794-1874. A Congregational clergyman, secretary of the Massachusetts Colonization Society. Three Last Things; The Great Awakening, a History of the Revival of Religion in the Time of Edwards and Whitefield.

=Tracy, Roger Sherman.= _Vt._, 1841- ----. A physician of New York city. Handbook of Sanitary Information for Householders; Essentials of Anatomy; Physiology and Hygiene; The New Liber Primus. _Ap._

=Trafton, Adeline.= Daughter of M. Trafton, _infra_. _See Knox, Mrs._

=Trafton, Mark.= _Me._, 1810-1901. A Methodist clergyman of prominence in his day, member of Congress, 1855-57. Rambles in Europe; Safe Investment; Baptism: its Subjects and Mode; Scenes in My Life. _Meth._

=Train, Elizabeth Phipps.= _Ms._, 1857- ----. A novelist of Duxbury, Massachusetts. Dr. Lamar; Autobiography of a Professional Beauty; A Social Highwayman; A Marital Liability. Her translations from the French include, The Apostate; The Shadow of Dr. Laroque; Recollections of the Court of the Tuileries. _Cr. Lip._

=Train, George Francis.= _Ms._, 1830-1904. A lecturer of New York city widely known for his eccentricities. An American Merchant in Europe; Young America Abroad; Young America in Wall Street; Spread Eagleism; Union Speeches; Irish Independency, include his chief writings.

=Trall, Russell Thacher.= _Ct._, 1812-1877. A homœopathic physician of New York city, and subsequently of Florence, New Jersey. The Bath: the History and Uses of, in Health and Disease; Digestion and Dyspepsia; The Mother’s Hygienic Handbook; The Human Voice; Popular Physiology; The True Temperance Platform; Encyclopedia of Hydropathy; Uterine Diseases, include most of his writing.

=Trautwine, John Cresson.= _Pa._, 1810-1883. A civil engineer of eminence. Method of Calculating Cubic Contents of Excavations and Embankments; Field Practice of Laying out Railroad Curves; Civil Engineer’s Pocket-Book. _Wil._

=Treadwell, Daniel.= _Ms._, 1791-1872. The inventor of the power-press, and Rumford professor at Harvard University, 1834-45. The Relations of Science to the Useful Arts; The Practicability of Constructing Cannon of Great Calibre; Construction of Hooped Cannon.

=Treadwell, Seymour Boughton.= _C._, 1795-1867. A politician of Jackson, Michigan. American Liberties and American Slavery Politically Illustrated (1838).

=Treat, John Harvey.= _N. H._, 1839- ----. A business man and writer of Lawrence, Massachusetts. Notes on the Rubric of the Communion Office; Truro Baptisms, 1711-1800; The Catholic Faith; Genealogy of the Treat Family.

=Treat, Mrs. Mary Lua Adelia [Davis] [Allen].= _N. Y._, 1835- ----. A naturalist of Vineland, New Jersey. Chapters on Ants; Injurious Insects of the Farm and Garden; Home Studies in Nature; My Garden Pets. _Am. Ju. Lo._

=Tremain, Henry Edwin.= _N. Y._, 1840- ----. A lawyer of New York city who was an officer in the Federal army during the Civil War. Sailor’s Creek to Appomattox Court House, or the Last Hours of Sheridan’s Cavalry.

=Trent, William Peterfield.= _Va._, 1862- ----. A professor of English and history at the University of the South, Sewanee, Tennessee, from 1888. English Culture in Virginia; Life of William Gilmore Simms, _supra_; Southern Statesmen of the Old Régime. _See The Bookman, May, 1897._ _Hou. J. H. U._

=Trescot, William Henry.= _S. C._, 1822-1898. A lawyer and diplomatist of Washington. Diplomacy of the Revolution; Diplomatic History of the Administrations of Washington and Adams.

=Trott, Nicholas.= _E._, 1663-1740. A Charleston jurist, very eminent in the Carolinas in his day. Laws of South Carolina (1734); Clavis Linguæ Sanctæ; Laws relating to the Church and Clergy in America.

=Troubat, Francis Joseph.= _Pa._, 1802-1868. A lawyer of Philadelphia. Practice in Civil Actions in Pennsylvania Supreme Court (with W. Haley); The Law of Limited Partnership in the United States; Treatise on the Law of Partnerships.

=Troubetzkoy, Mrs. Amélie [Rives] [Chanler].= _Va._, 1863- ----. A novelist whose second husband is a Russian prince. Though her work excited much unfavourable criticism, yet it enjoyed a sudden brief popularity. The Quick or the Dead; A Brother to Dragons; Virginia of Virginia; Barbara Dering; The Witness of the Sun; Athelwold, a tragedy; Herod and Marianne, a drama. _Har. Lip._

=Trowbridge, Catherine Maria.= _Ct._, 1818- ----. A writer of South Manchester, Connecticut, who has made many contributions to juvenile literature, a few among them being, Christian Heroism; Victory at Last; Will and Will Not; Snares and Safeguards; Changing Paths.

=Trowbridge, John.= _Ms._, 1843- ----. A physicist of note, professor at Harvard University from 1880, Rumford professor of the application of science to the useful arts there from 1888. What is Electricity?; The New Physics; Three Boys on an Electrical Boat; The Electrical Boy. _Ap. Hou. Rob._

=Trowbridge, John Townsend.= _N. Y._, 1827- ----. A popular writer of Arlington, Massachusetts, whose work in verse and prose reaches a high grade of excellence. His novel, Neighbor Jackwood, when first issued in 1857, was a strong moral agent in stimulating anti-slavery sentiment. His other fictions include, Lucy Arlyn; Coupon Bonds, and Other Stories; Farnell’s Folly; Neighbors’ Wives; Martin Merrivale; Cudjo’s Cave; Three Scouts. Among his very many juvenile tales are, The Drummer Boy; The Prize Cup; The Lottery Ticket; The Tide-Mill Stories; The Toby Trafford Series; The Little Master; Jack Hazard Series. His published volumes of verse include, The Vagabonds (his best known poem), and Other Poems; The Emigrant’s Story, and Other Poems; A Home Idyl, and Other Poems; The Lost Earl; The Book of Gold, and Other Poems. At Sea and Midsummer are two of his finest poems. _Cent. Co. Har. Hou. Le. Lo._

=Trowbridge, William Petit.= _Mch._, 1828-1892. An engineer and scientist in charge of the engineering department of the School of Mines, Columbia College, 1877-92. Steam Generator; Heat as a Source of Power; Turbine Wheels; Stationary Steam Engines. _Wil._

=True, Charles Kittridge.= _Me._, 1809-1878. A Methodist clergyman and educator, professor at Wesleyan University, 1849-60. Elements of Logic; Shawmut, or the Settlement of Boston; John Winthrop and the Great Colony; Lives of Raleigh, John Knox, John Harvard, Captain John Smith; The Thirty Years’ War; Heroes of Holland. _Meth._

=True, John Preston.= _Me._, 1859- ----. A Boston writer. Their Club and Ours, a popular juvenile tale; Shoulder Arms, a tale of life in a military school. _Lo. Meth._

=Truman, Benjamin Cummings.= _R. I._, 1835- ----. A California writer, military governor of Tennessee during the Civil War. The South During the War; Semi-Tropical California; Occidental Sketches; Winter Resorts of California; From the Crescent City to the Golden Gate; Homes and Happiness in the Golden Gate; The Field of Honor, a history of duelling. _Fo._

=Trumbull, Benjamin.= _Ct._, 1735-1820. A Congregational clergyman, pastor at North Haven, Connecticut, for sixty years. Plea in Vindication of the Connecticut Title to the Contested (Western) Lands; Divine Origin of the Holy Scriptures; General History of the United States (1810); A Complete History of Connecticut, 1630-1764.

=Trumbull, Gurdon.= _Ct._, 1841-1903. Brother of J. H. Trumbull, _infra_. An artist and ornithologist who published, American Game Birds, or Names and Portraits of Birds which Interest Gunners, with Descriptions. _Har._

=Trumbull, Henry Clay.= _Ct._, 1830-1903. Brother of J. H. Trumbull, _infra_. A Congregational clergyman of Philadelphia, editor of The Sunday-School Times. A Model Superintendent; The Threshold Covenant; The Knightly Soldier; Kadesh-Barnea; Teaching and Teachers; The Blood Covenant, a Primitive Rite; The Sunday-School, its Origin, Methods, and Auxiliaries; Children in the Temple; Some Army Sermons; The Worth of an Historic Consciousness; Principles and Practice; Friendship the Master Passion; Studies in Oriental Social Life. _Wat._

=Trumbull, James Hammond.= _Ct._, 1821-1897. A Hartford philologist, an acknowledged authority upon Indian languages. The Composition of Indian Geographical Names; Best Method of Studying the Indian Languages; Indian Names of Places; On the Algonkin Verb; The True Blue-Laws of Connecticut. He had edited The Colonial Records of Connecticut; Roger Williams’s Key to the Languages of North America, and other works.

=Trumbull, John.= _Ct._, 1750-1831. A noted jurist of Hartford, famous in his day as a satirical poet. With Barlow and others he published The Anarchiad, a series of satirical essays, and he was the author of The Progress of Dulness; but MacFingal, a Hudibrastic poem, the first canto of which appeared in 1775, is his best title to remembrance. It bristles with sharp points of satire, and quite deserved the extensive popularity it for a time enjoyed. _See Stedman’s Poets of America; Tyler’s Literary History of the American Revolution._

=Tryon, George Washington.= _Pa._, 1838-1888. A conchologist of Philadelphia. Land and Fresh-Water Shells of North America; Marine Conchology; Structural and Systematic Conchology; Manual of Conchology.

=Tucker, George.= _Ba._, 1775-1861. Kinsman of Saint George Tucker, _infra_. A Virginia lawyer and educator, professor of moral philosophy and political economy in the University of Virginia, 1825-45. Among his writings are included, Life of Jefferson; Political History of the United States; Essays Moral and Philosophical; Theory of Money and Banks; Essays on Subjects of Taste; Principles of Rent, Wages, and Profits; The Valley of the Shenandoah, a novel; A Voyage to the Moon, a satirical romance.

=Tucker, George Fox.= _Ms._, 1852- ----. A lawyer of New Bedford, Massachusetts. Manual of Wills; Manual of Business Corporations; Manual of the Constitution of Massachusetts, the Interpretation of Statutes, Special Writs, and Motions for New Trials; The Monroe Doctrine; Notes on the United States Revised Statutes (with J. M. Gould); A Quaker Home, a novel; Uncle Calup’s Christmas Dinner; Your Will: how to Make It. _Hou. Lit._

=Tucker, Henry Holcombe.= _Ga._, 1819-1890. A Baptist clergyman and educator of Georgia, editor of The Christian Index, at Atlanta, from 1878. Religious Liberty; The Gospel in Enoch; The Old Theology Restated in Sermons. The Position of Baptism in the Christian System is a noted sermon by him.

=Tucker, Henry Saint George.= _Va._, 1780-1848. Son of Saint George Tucker, _infra_. An eminent Virginia lawyer. Lectures on Natural Law and Government; Lectures on Constitutional Law; Commentaries on the Law of Virginia.

=Tucker, Henry Saint George.= _Va._, 1828-1863. Grandson of Saint George Tucker, _infra_. A lieutenant-colonel in the Confederate army. Hansford, a Tale of Bacon’s Rebellion; The Southern Cross.

=Tucker, Joshua Thomas.= _Ms._, 1812-1897. A Congregational clergyman of Boston. The Sinless One, a life of Christ; Christ’s Infant Kingdom.

=Tucker, Mrs. Margaretta [Ames].= “Margaret May.” _N. H._, 1836- ----. A verse-writer of Boston. For My Friend, a collection of verses; Driftwood, and Other Poems, are among her writings, some of which have been set to music.

=Tucker, Mrs. Mary Eliza.= _See Lambert, Mrs._

=Tucker, Nathaniel Beverly.= _Va._, 1784-1851. Son of Saint George Tucker, _infra_. A Virginia jurist, professor of law at William and Mary College, 1834-51. The Partisan Leader (1836) is his most noted book. It is a political novel, having for its theme the revolt of the Southern States, and in 1861 it was republished as A Key to the Southern Conspiracy. Other works of his are, George Balcombe, a novel; Principles of Pleading.

=Tucker, Pomeroy.= _N. Y._, 1802-1870. A Canandaigua journalist who published a work on The Origin of Mormonism.

=Tucker, Saint George.= _Ba._, 1752-1828. The stepfather of John Randolph the statesman. A Virginia jurist who published Letters on the Alien and Sedition Laws; The Probationary Odes of Jonathan Pindar, a collection of political satires; an annotated Blackstone; but is known to general literature only by the lyric beginning, “Days of my Youth, ye have Glided Away.” _See Griswold’s Poets and Poetry of America._

=Tucker, William Jewett.= _Ct._, 1839- ----. A Congregational clergyman and educator. He was professor in Andover Theological Seminary, 1879-93, and has been president of Dartmouth College from 1893. The New Movement in Humanity. _Hou._

=Tuckerman, Arthur Lyman.= _N. Y._, 1861-1892. Son of C. K. Tuckerman, _infra_. An architect of New York city, superintendent of the Metropolitan Museum Art Schools in 1888. A Short History of Architecture. _Scr._

=Tuckerman, Bayard.= _N. Y._, 1855- ----. A writer of New York city. History of English Prose Fiction; Life of Lafayette; Life of William Jay, _supra_; Life of Peter Stuyvesant. _Do. Put._

=Tuckerman, Charles Keating.= _Ms._, 1821-1896. Brother of H. T. Tuckerman, _infra_. A diplomat who was minister to Greece, 1868-72, and lived in Europe subsequently. The Greeks of To-Day (1872); Poems; Personal Recollections of Notable People. _Do._

=Tuckerman, Edward.= _Ms._, 1817-1886. Nephew of J. Tuckerman, _infra_. A professor of botany at Amherst College, 1858-86. Genera Lichenum; Synopsis of the North American Lichens; Catalogue of Plants Growing Wild within Thirty Miles of Amherst. _See Memoir of, by Farlow._

=Tuckerman, Frederick Goddard.= _Ms._, 1821-1877. Brother of E. Tuckerman, _supra_. A lawyer and littérateur of Boston whose only published book was a volume of poems.

=Tuckerman, Henry Theodore.= _Ms._, 1813-1871. Nephew of J. Tuckerman, _infra_. A writer once ranked among the first of American essayists, but whose criticisms, though delicate and discriminating, lack the force and originality of many later writers in the same field. Much of his life was spent abroad, largely in Italy, his intimate acquaintance with Italian affairs appearing in his earliest works, The Italian Sketch-Book; Isabel, or Sicily, a Pilgrimage (1839), republished as Sicily and Pilgrimage (1852). His subsequent writings include, Thoughts on the Poets; The Book of the Artists; Essays Biographical and Critical; Artist Life; Rambles and Reveries; Characteristics of Literature; The Criterion; Maga Papers about Paris; Leaves from the Diary of a Dreamer; Life of J. P. Kennedy, _supra_; America and Her Commentators; The Optimist, a series of essays; A Sheaf of Verse; Poems; Mental Portraits; The Collector, a volume of essays. _See Allibone’s Dictionary; Foley’s American Writers._

=Tuckerman, Joseph.= _Ms._, 1778-1840. A Unitarian clergyman, minister at Chelsea, Massachusetts, 1801-28, long eminent as a philanthropist. Gleams of Truth; Principles and Results of the Ministry at Large in Boston. Elevation of the Poor (1874), is a collection of his most important writings. _See Memoir by Mary Carpenter; Allibone’s Dictionary._ _Rob._

=Tudor, William.= _Ms._, 1779-1830. A Boston merchant who founded the ice trade with the tropics. Gebel Teir; Life of James Otis, _supra_; Letters on the Eastern States; Miscellanies.

=Tully, William.= _Ct._, 1785-1859. A noted New England botanist and physician, medical professor at Yale University, 1829-42. Essays upon Fever (with T. Miner); Materia Medica, or Pharmacology; Therapeutics.

=Tunis, John.= _N. Y._, 1858-1896. An Episcopal clergyman of Millbrook, New Jersey, but prior to 1892 in the Unitarian ministry. The Faith By Which We Stand.

=Tuomy, Michael.= _I._, 1808-1857. A professor of geology in the University of Alabama, 1847-57, State geologist of South Carolina from 1844, and of Alabama from 1848. Geological and Agricultural Survey of South Carolina; Report on the Geology of South Carolina; Fossils of South Carolina (with F. Holmes); First and Second Biennial Reports on the Geology of Alabama.

=Tupper, Henry Allen.= _S. C._, 1828-1902. A Baptist clergyman of Richmond, Virginia. Foreign Missions of the Southern Baptist Convention; Truth in Romance. _Bap._

=Turchin, John Basil= (Ivan Vasilevitch Turchinoff). _R._, 1822-1901. A Russian soldier who came to America in 1856, served in the Federal army during the Civil War, and in 1873 established the Polish colony of Radone in Illinois. The Campaign and Battle of Chickamauga.

=Turnbull, Laurence.= _S._, 1821-1900. An eminent physician of Baltimore. Hints and Observations on Military Hygiene; Imperfect Hearing; Clinical Manual of Diseases of the Ear; Advantages and Disadvantages of Artificial Anæsthesia; The Electro-Magnetic Telegraph. _Lip._

=Turnbull, Robert.= _S._, 1809-1877. A Baptist clergyman of Hartford, 1845-1869. The Theatre; Olympia Morata; The Genius of Scotland; The Genius of Italy; Pulpit Orators of France and Switzerland; The Student Preacher; Theophany; The World We Live In; Life Pictures; Christ in History.

=Turnbull, Robert James.= _Fl._, 1775-1833. A lawyer and political writer of Charleston. A Visit to the Philadelphia Penitentiary, much noticed at the time of its appearance in 1797; The Crisis, a work on nullification; The Principle of Dernier Ressort.

=Turnbull, William Paterson.= _S._, 1830-1871. A Philadelphia ornithologist. Birds of East Lothian; Birds of East Pennsylvania and New Jersey.

=Turner, Mrs. Eliza [Sproat].= _Pa._, 1826- ----. A verse-writer of Pennsylvania. Out-of-Door Rhymes.

=Turner, Henry McNeal.= _S. C._, 1833- ----. A bishop of the African Methodist Church, author of a work on Methodist Polity.

=Turner, Samuel Epes.= _Md._, 1846-1896. A Sketch of the Germanic Constitution from Early Times to the Dissolution of the Empire. _Put._

=Turner, Samuel Hulbeart.= _Pa._, 1790-1861. An Episcopal clergyman, professor in the General Theological Seminary in New York city, 1818-61, best known by his Commentaries on Hebrews, Romans, Ephesians, and Galatians. Other works by him are, Companion to the Book of Genesis; Thoughts on Scripture Prophecy; Comparing Spiritual Things with Spiritual; Biographical Notices of Jewish Rabbis. _See Autobiography; Allibone’s Dictionary._

=Turner, Thomas Sloss.= _Ky._, 1860- ----. A Texas journalist and verse-writer. Life’s Brevity, and Other Poems; Heart Melodies; A Dream of Bachelors.

=Tuthill= [tŭt´il], =Cornelia.= Daughter of Mrs. L. Tuthill, _infra_. _See Pierson, Mrs._

=Tuthill, Mrs. Louisa Caroline [Huggins].= _Ct._, 1798-1879. A once popular writer of moral tales for young people, whose home was at Princeton, New Jersey, from 1849. Among her many publications are, I Will be a Gentleman; I Will be a Lady; Tales for the Young; True Manliness; I Will be a Sailor; I Will be a Soldier; Onward, Right Onward; Romantic Belinda; Ancient Architecture. _See Hart’s Female Prose-Writers of America._

=Tuttle, Charles Richard.= _N. S._ 1850- ----. General History of Michigan; Border Wars of Two Centuries; History of Indiana; History of Canada; History of Wisconsin (with D. Durrie); The Boss Devil of America (verse).

=Tuttle, Mrs. Emma [Rood].= _O._, 1839- ----. Wife of Hudson Tuttle, _infra_. A lecturer and verse-writer of Berlin Heights, Ohio. Blossoms of Our Spring; Gazelle; From Soul to Soul, Poems; Stories for Our Children; The Lyceum Guide.

=Tuttle, Herbert.= _Vt._, 1846-1894. A professor at Cornell University, 1883-1894, occupying the chair of modern European history from 1891. The History of Prussia; German Political Leaders. _See Biographical Sketch, by H. B. Adams, supra, in vol. iv. of The History of Prussia._ _Hou._

=Tuttle, Hudson.= _O._, 1836- ----. A spiritual medium of Berlin Heights, Ohio. Life in the Spheres; Arcana of Nature; Career of the God Idea; Career of the Christ Idea; Career of Religious Ideas; Origin and Development of Man; Clair, a Tale; Camile, or Love and Labor; Heloise; Love or Religion. _Ban._

=Tuttle, Joseph Farrand.= _N. J._, 1818-1901. A Presbyterian clergyman. Life of William Tuttle; The Way Lost and Found; Annals of Morris County, New Jersey.

=Twain, Mark.= _See Clemens._

=Twichell, Joseph Hopkins.= _Ct._, 1838- ----. A Congregational clergyman of Hartford from 1865. Life of John Winthrop, _infra_; Some Old Puritan Love Letters (edited). _Do._

=Tyler, Bennet.= _Ct._, 1783-1858. A Congregational clergyman, president of Dartmouth College, 1822-28, and subsequently minister at Portland, Maine. History of New Haven Theology; The Sufferings of Christ; New England Revivals; Lectures on Christian Nurture, include his principal works.

=Tyler, John Mason.= _Ms._, 1851- ----. Son of W. S. Tyler, _infra_. A professor of biology at Amherst College. The Whence and the Whither of Man. _Scr._

=Tyler, Joseph.= 18-- -1895. Son of B. Tyler, _supra_. A Congregational missionary in South Africa for forty years, for the last ten years of his life a resident of St. Johnsbury, Vermont. Forty Years Among the Zulus. _C. P. S._

=Tyler, Lyon Gardiner.= _Va._, 1853- ----. A son of President John Tyler and president of William and Mary College from 1888. The Letters and Times of the Tylers; Parties and Patronage in the United States.