Chapter I: Foreword: 39

2. PLINY’S NATURAL HISTORY 41

I. Its Place in the History of Science 42
II. Its Experimental Tendency 53
III. Pliny’s Account of Magic 58
IV. The Science of the Magi 64
V. Pliny’s Magical Science 72

3. SENECA AND PTOLEMY: NATURAL DIVINATION AND ASTROLOGY 100

4. GALEN 117

I. The Man and His Times 119
II. His Medicine and Experimental Science 139
III. His Attitude Toward Magic 165

5. ANCIENT APPLIED SCIENCE AND MAGIC: VITRUVIUS,
HERO, AND THE GREEK ALCHEMISTS 182

6. PLUTARCH’S ESSAYS 200

7. APULEIUS OF MADAURA 221

8. PHILOSTRATUS’S LIFE OF APOLLONIUS OF TYANA 242

9. LITERARY AND PHILOSOPHICAL ATTACKS UPON SUPERSTITION:
CICERO, FAVORINUS, SEXTUS EMPIRICUS, LUCIAN 268

10. SPURIOUS MYSTIC WRITINGS OF HERMES, ORPHEUS, AND
ZOROASTER 287

11. NEO-PLATONISM AND ITS RELATIONS TO ASTROLOGY AND
THEURGY 298

12. AELIAN, SOLINUS, AND HORAPOLLO 322

BOOK II. EARLY CHRISTIAN THOUGHT

FOREWORD 337

13. THE BOOK OF ENOCH 340

14. PHILO JUDAEUS 348

15. THE GNOSTICS 360

16. THE CHRISTIAN APOCRYPHA 385

17. THE RECOGNITIONS OF CLEMENT AND SIMON MAGUS 400

18. THE CONFESSION OF CYPRIAN AND SOME SIMILAR STORIES 428

19. ORIGEN AND CELSUS 436

20. OTHER CHRISTIAN DISCUSSION OF MAGIC BEFORE AUGUSTINE 462

21. CHRISTIANITY AND NATURAL SCIENCE: BASIL, EPIPHANIUS,
AND THE PHYSIOLOGUS 480

22. AUGUSTINE ON MAGIC AND ASTROLOGY 504

23. THE FUSION OF PAGAN AND CHRISTIAN THOUGHT IN
THE FOURTH AND FIFTH CENTURIES 523