Chapter LXXXVIII: Book V (3)

─────┬───────┬──────┬─────────────┬──────────────┬───────┬─────────┬──────
Year.│Number │Total │ Party. │For President.│States.│ Popular │Elect.
│ of │Elect.│ │ │ │ Vote. │Vote.
│States.│Vote. │ │ │ │ │
─────┼───────┼──────┼─────────────┼──────────────┼───────┼─────────┼──────
1804│ 21│ 176│Republican │Thomas │ 15│ │ 162
│ │ │ │ Jefferson │ │ │
│ │ │Federalist │Chas. C. │ 2│ │ 14
│ │ │ │ Pinckney │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
1808│ 17│ 176│Republican │James Madison │ 12│ │ 122
│ │ │Republican │George Clinton│ │ │ 6
│ │ │Federalist │Chas. C. │ 5│ │ 47
│ │ │ │ Pinckney │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │Vacancy │ │ │ 1
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
1812│ 18│ 218│Republican │James Madison │ 11│ │ 128
│ │ │Federalist │De Witt │ 7│ │ 89
│ │ │ │ Clinton │ │ │
│ │ │ │Vacancy │ │ │ 1
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
1816│ 19│ 221│Republican │James Monroe │ 16│ │ 183
│ │ │Federalist │Rufus King │ 3│ │ 34
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │Vacancies │ │ │ 4
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
1820│ 24│ 235│Republican │James Monroe │ 24│ │ 231
│ │ │ │John Q. Adams │ │ │ 1
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │Vacancies │ │ │ 3
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
1824│ 24│ 261│Republican │Andrew Jackson│ 10│ 155,872│ 99
│ │ │Republican │John Q. Adams │ 8│ 105,321│ 84
│ │ │Republican │Wm. H. │ 3│ 44,282│ 41
│ │ │ │ Crawford │ │ │
│ │ │Republican │Henry Clay │ 3│ 46,587│ 27
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │Vacancy │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
1828│ 24│ 261│Democratic │Andrew Jackson│ 15│ 647,231│ 178
│ │ │Nat. │John Q. Adams │ 9│ 509,097│ 83
│ │ │Republican │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
1832│ 24│ 288│Democratic │Andrew Jackson│ 15│ 687,502│ 219
│ │ │Nat. │Henry Clay │ 7│ 530,189│ 49
│ │ │Republican │ │ │ │
│ │ │Anti-Mason │William Wirt │ 1│ 33,108│ 7
│ │ │ │John Floyd │ 1│ │ 11
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │Vacancies │ │ │ 2
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
1836│ 26│ 294│Democratic │Martin Van │ 15│ 761,549│ 170
│ │ │ │ Buren │ │ │
│ │ │Whig │Wm. H. │ 7│ 736,656│ 73
│ │ │ │ Harrison │ │ │
│ │ │ │Hugh L. White │ 2│ „ │ 26
│ │ │ │Daniel Webster│ 1│ „ │ 14
│ │ │ │W. P. Mangum │ 1│ „ │ 11
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
1840│ 26│ 294│Whig │Wm. H. │ 19│1,275,017│ 234
│ │ │ │ Harrison │ │ │
│ │ │Democratic │Martin Van │ 7│1,128,702│ 60
│ │ │ │ Buren │ │ │
│ │ │Liberty │James G. │ │ 7,059│
│ │ │ │ Birney │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
1844│ 26│ 275│Democratic │James K. Polk │ 15│1,337,243│ 170
│ │ │Whig │Henry Clay │ 11│1,299,068│ 105
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
│ │ │Liberty │James G. │ │ 62,300│
│ │ │ │ Birney │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
1848│ 30│ 290│Whig │Zachary Taylor│ 15│1,360,101│ 163
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
│ │ │Democratic │Lewis Cass │ 15│1,220,544│ 127
│ │ │Free Soil │Martin Van │ │ 291,263│
│ │ │ │ Buren │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
1852│ 31│ 296│Democratic │Franklin │ 27│1,601,474│ 254
│ │ │ │ Pierce │ │ │
│ │ │Whig │Winfield Scott│ 4│1,386,578│ 42
│ │ │Free │John P. Hale │ │ 156,149│
│ │ │ Democracy │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
1856│ 31│ 296│Democratic │James Buchanan│ 19│1,838,169│ 174
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
│ │ │Republican │John C. │ 11│1,341,264│ 114
│ │ │ │ Fremont │ │ │
│ │ │American │Millard │ 1│ 874,534│ 8
│ │ │ │ Fillmore │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
1860│ 33│ 303│Republican │Abraham │ 17│1,866,352│ 180
│ │ │ │ Lincoln │ │ │
│ │ │Democratic │J. C. │ 11│ 845,763│ 72
│ │ │ │ Breckinridge│ │ │
│ │ │Democratic │S. A. Douglas │ 2│1,375,157│ 12
│ │ │“Const. │John Bell │ 3│ 589,581│ 39
│ │ │ Union” │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
1864│ 36│ 314│Republican │Abraham │ 22│2,216,067│ 212
│ │ │ │ Lincoln │ │ │
│ │ │Democratic │Geo. B. │ 3│1,808,725│ 21
│ │ │ │ McClellan │ │ │
│ │ │ │Vacancies[110]│ 11│ │ 81
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
1868│ 37│ 317│Republican │Ulysses S. │ 26│3,015,071│ 214
│ │ │ │ Grant │ │ │
│ │ │Democratic │Horatio │ 8│2,709,613│ 80
│ │ │ │ Seymour │ │ │
│ │ │ │Vacancies[111]│ 3│ │ 23
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
1872│ 37│ 366│Republican │Ulysses S. │ 31│3,597,070│ 286
│ │ │ │ Grant │ │ │
│ │ │Dem. and Lib.│Horace Greeley│ 6│2,834,079│
│ │ │ Rep. │ │ │ │
│ │ │Democratic │Chas. O’Conor │ │ 29,408│
│ │ │Temperance │James Black │ │ 5,608│
│ │ │ │T. A. │ │ │ 42
│ │ │ │ Hendricks │ │ │
│ │ │ │B. Gratz Brown│ │ │ 18
│ │ │ │David Davis │ │ │ 1
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │Not │ │ │ 17
│ │ │ │ counted[112]│ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
1876│ 38│ 369│Republican │R. B. Hayes │ 21│4,033,950│ 185
│ │ │Democratic │S. J. Tilden │ 17│4,284,885│ 184
│ │ │“Greenback” │Peter Cooper │ │ 81,740│
│ │ │“Prohibition”│Green C. Smith│ │ 9,522│
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
1880│ 38│ 369│Republican │James A. │ 19│4,442,950│ 214
│ │ │ │ Garfield │ │ │
│ │ │Democratic │W. S. Hancock │ 19│4,442,035│ 155
│ │ │“Greenback” │James B. │ │ 306,867│
│ │ │ │ Weaver │ │ │
│ │ │ │Scattering │ │ 12,576│
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
1884│ 38│ 401│Democratic │Grover │ 20│4,911,017│ 219
│ │ │ │ Cleveland │ │ │
│ │ │Republican │James G. │ 18│4,848,334│ 182
│ │ │ │ Blaine │ │ │
│ │ │Prohibition │John P. St. │ │ 151,809│
│ │ │ │ John │ │ │
│ │ │Greenback │Benj. F. │ │ 133,825│
│ │ │ │ Butler │ │ │
│ │ │ │Scattering │ │ 11,362│
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
1888│ 38│ 401│Republican │Benjamin │ 20│5,438,157│ 233
│ │ │ │ Harrison │ │ │
│ │ │Democratic │Grover │ 18│5,535,626│ 168
│ │ │ │ Cleveland │ │ │
│ │ │Prohibition │Clinton B. │ │ 250,157│
│ │ │ │ Fisk │ │ │
│ │ │Labor │R. H. Cowdrey │ │ 150,624│
─────┴───────┴──────┴─────────────┴──────────────┴───────┴─────────┴──────

─────┬───────┬──────┬─────────────┬───────────────┬──────
Year.│Number │Total │ Party. │ For │Elect.
│ of │Elect.│ │Vice-President.│Vote.
│States.│Vote. │ │ │
─────┼───────┼──────┼─────────────┼───────────────┼──────
1804│ 21│ 176│Republican │George Clinton │ 162
│ │ │ │ │
│ │ │Federalist │Rufus King │ 14
│ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │
1808│ 17│ 176│Republican │George Clinton │ 113
│ │ │Republican │James Madison │ 3
│ │ │Federalist │Rufus King │ 47
│ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │John Langdon │ 9
│ │ │ │James Monroe │ 3
│ │ │ │ │ 1
│ │ │ │ │
1812│ 18│ 218│Republican │Elbridge Gerry │ 131
│ │ │Federalist │Jared Ingersoll│ 86
│ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ 1
│ │ │ │ │
1816│ 19│ 221│Republican │D. D. Tompkins │ 183
│ │ │Federalist │John E. Howard │ 22
│ │ │ │James Ross │ 5
│ │ │ │John Marshall │ 4
│ │ │ │Robt. G. Harper│ 3
│ │ │ │ │ 4
│ │ │ │ │
1820│ 24│ 235│Republican │D. D. Tompkins │ 218
│ │ │ │Rich. Stockton │ 8
│ │ │ │Daniel Rodney │ 4
│ │ │ │Robt. G. Harper│ 1
│ │ │ │Richard Rush │ 1
│ │ │ │ │ 3
│ │ │ │ │
1824│ 24│ 261│Republican │John C. Calhoun│ 182
│ │ │Republican │Nathan Sanford │ 30
│ │ │Republican │Nathaniel Macon│ 24
│ │ │ │ │
│ │ │Republican │Andrew Jackson │ 13
│ │ │ │M. Van Buren │ 9
│ │ │ │Henry Clay │ 2
│ │ │ │ │ 1
│ │ │ │ │
1828│ 24│ 261│Democratic │John C. Calhoun│ 171
│ │ │Nat. │Richard Rush │ 83
│ │ │Republican │ │
│ │ │ │William Smith │ 7
│ │ │ │ │
1832│ 24│ 288│Democratic │M. Van Buren │ 189
│ │ │Nat. │John Sergeant │ 49
│ │ │Republican │ │
│ │ │Anti-Mason │Amos Ellmaker │ 7
│ │ │ │Henry Lee │ 11
│ │ │ │William Wilkins│ 30
│ │ │ │ │ 2
│ │ │ │ │
1836│ 26│ 294│Democratic │R. M. Johnson │ 147
│ │ │ │ │
│ │ │Whig │Francis Granger│ 77
│ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │John Tyler │ 47
│ │ │ │William Smith │ 23
│ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │
1840│ 26│ 294│Whig │John Tyler │ 234
│ │ │ │ │
│ │ │Democratic │R. M. Johnson │ 48
│ │ │ │ │
│ │ │Liberty │ │
│ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │L. W. Tazewell │ 11
│ │ │ │James K. Polk │ 1
│ │ │ │ │
1844│ 26│ 275│Democratic │Geo. M. Dallas │ 170
│ │ │Whig │T. │ 105
│ │ │ │ Frelinghuysen│
│ │ │Liberty │ │
│ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │
1848│ 30│ 290│Whig │Millard │ 163
│ │ │ │ Fillmore │
│ │ │Democratic │Wm. O. Butler │ 127
│ │ │Free Soil │Chas. F. Adams │
│ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │
1852│ 31│ 296│Democratic │Wm. R. King │ 254
│ │ │ │ │
│ │ │Whig │Wm. A. Graham │ 42
│ │ │Free │Geo. W. Julian │
│ │ │ Democracy │ │
│ │ │ │ │
1856│ 31│ 296│Democratic │J. C. │ 174
│ │ │ │ Breckinridge │
│ │ │Republican │Wm. L. Dayton │ 114
│ │ │ │ │
│ │ │American │A. J. Donelson │ 8
│ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │
1860│ 33│ 303│Republican │Hannibal Hamlin│ 180
│ │ │ │ │
│ │ │Democratic │Joseph Lane │ 72
│ │ │ │ │
│ │ │Democratic │H. V. Johnson │ 12
│ │ │“Const. │Edward Everett │ 39
│ │ │ Union” │ │
│ │ │ │ │
1864│ 36│ 314│Republican │Andrew Johnson │ 212
│ │ │ │ │
│ │ │Democratic │Geo. H. │ 21
│ │ │ │ Pendleton │
│ │ │ │ │ 81
│ │ │ │ │
1868│ 37│ 317│Republican │Schuyler Colfax│ 214
│ │ │ │ │
│ │ │Democratic │F. P. Blair, Jr│ 80
│ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ 23
│ │ │ │ │
1872│ 37│ 366│Republican │Henry Wilson │ 286
│ │ │ │ │
│ │ │Dem. and Lib.│B. Gratz Brown │ 47
│ │ │ Rep. │ │
│ │ │Democratic │John Q. Adams │
│ │ │Temperance │A. H. Colquite │ 5
│ │ │ │Iohn M. Palmer │ 3
│ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │Geo. W. Julian │ 5
│ │ │ │W. S. Groesbeck│ 1
│ │ │ │Willis B. │ 1
│ │ │ │ Machen │
│ │ │ │N. P. Banks │ 1
│ │ │ │ │ 14
│ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │
1876│ 38│ 369│Republican │Wm. A. Wheeler │ 185
│ │ │Democratic │T. A. Hendricks│ 184
│ │ │“Greenback” │S. F. Cary │
│ │ │“Prohibition”│R. T. Stewart │
│ │ │ │ │
1880│ 38│ 369│Republican │Chester A. │ 214
│ │ │ │ Arthur │
│ │ │Democratic │Wm. H. English │ 155
│ │ │“Greenback” │B. J. Chambers │
│ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │
1884│ 38│ 401│Democratic │T. A. Hendricks│ 219
│ │ │ │ │
│ │ │Republican │John A. Logan │ 182
│ │ │ │ │
│ │ │Prohibition │William Daniel │
│ │ │ │ │
│ │ │Greenback │A. M. West │
│ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │
1888│ 38│ 401│Republican │Levi P. Morton │ 233
│ │ │ │ │
│ │ │Democratic │Allan G. │ 168
│ │ │ │ Thurman │
│ │ │Prohibition │John A. Brooks │
│ │ │ │ │
│ │ │Labor │W. Wakefield │
─────┴───────┴──────┴─────────────┴───────────────┴──────

CABINET OFFICERS OF THE ADMINISTRATIONS.

GEORGE WASHINGTON, President.

I. and II.; 1789–1797.

_Secretary of State_, Thomas Jefferson, Virginia, September 26th, 1789; Edmund Randolph, Virginia, January 2d, 1794; Timothy Pickering, Pennsylvania, December 10th, 1795. _Secretary of Treasury_, Alexander Hamilton, New York, September 11th, 1789; Oliver Wolcott, Connecticut February 2d, 1795. _Secretary of War_, Henry Knox, Massachusetts, September 12th, 1789; Timothy Pickering, Pennsylvania, January 2d, 1795; James McHenry, Maryland, January 27th, 1796. _Attorney-General_, Edmund Randolph, Virginia, September 26th, 1789; William Bradford, Pennsylvania, January 27th, 1794; Charles Lee, Virginia, December 10th, 1795. _Postmaster-General_,[113] Samuel Osgood, Massachusetts, September 26th, 1789; Timothy Pickering, Pennsylvania, August 12th, 1791; Joseph Habersham, Georgia, February 25th, 1795.

JOHN ADAMS, President.

III.; 1797–1801.

_Secretary of State_, Timothy Pickering, continued; John Marshall, Virginia, May 13th, 1800. _Secretary of Treasury_, Oliver Wolcott, continued; Samuel Dexter, Massachusetts, January 1st, 1801. _Secretary of War_, James McHenry, continued; Samuel Dexter, Massachusetts, May 13th, 1800; Roger Griswold, Connecticut, February 3d, 1801. _Secretary of Navy_,[114] George Cabot, Massachusetts, May 3d, 1798; Benjamin Stoddert, Maryland, May 21st, 1798. _Attorney-General_, Charles Lee, continued; Theophilus Parsons, Massachusetts, February 20th, 1801. _Postmaster-General_, Joseph Habersham, continued.

THOMAS JEFFERSON, President.

IV. and V.; 1801–1809.

_Secretary of State_, James Madison, Virginia, March 5th, 1801. _Secretary of Treasury_, Samuel Dexter, continued; Albert Gallatin, Pennsylvania, May 14th, 1801. _Secretary of War_, Henry Dearborn, Massachusetts, March 5th, 1801. _Secretary of Navy_, Benjamin Stoddert, continued; Robert Smith, Maryland, July 15th, 1801; Jacob Crowninshield, Massachusetts, May, 3d, 1805. _Attorney-General_, Levi Lincoln, Massachusetts, March 5th, 1801; Robert Smith, Maryland, March 3d, 1805; John Breckinridge, Kentucky, August 7th, 1805; Cæsar A. Rodney, Pennsylvania, January 20th, 1807. _Postmaster-General_, Joseph Habersham, continued; Gideon Granger, Connecticut, November 28th, 1801.

JAMES MADISON, President.

VI. and VII.; 1809–1817.

_Secretary of State_, Robert Smith, Maryland, March 6th, 1809; James Monroe, Virginia, April 2d, 1811. _Secretary of Treasury_, Albert Gallatin, continued; George W. Campbell, Tennessee, February 9th, 1814; A. J. Dallas, Pennsylvania, October 6th, 1814; William H. Crawford, Georgia, October 22d, 1816. _Secretary of War_, William Eustis, Massachusetts, March 7th, 1809; John Armstrong, New York, January 13th, 1813; James Monroe, Virginia, September 27th, 1814; William H. Crawford, Georgia, August 1st, 1815. _Secretary of Navy_, Paul Hamilton, South Carolina, March 7th. 1809; William Jones, Pennsylvania, January 12th, 1813; B. W. Crowninshield, Massachusetts, December 19th, 1814. _Attorney-General_, C. A. Rodney, continued; William Pinckney, Maryland, December 11th, 1811; Richard Rush, Pennsylvania, February 10th, 1814. _Postmaster-General_, Gideon Granger, continued; Return J. Meigs, Ohio, March 17th, 1814.

JAMES MONROE, President.

VIII. and IX.; 1817–1825.

_Secretary of State_, John Quincy Adams, Massachusetts, March 5th, 1817. _Secretary of Treasury_, William H. Crawford, continued. _Secretary of War_, George Graham, Virginia, April 7th, 1817; John C. Calhoun, South Carolina, October 8th, 1817. _Secretary of Navy_, B. W. Crowninshield, continued; Smith Thompson, New York, November 9th, 1818; John Rogers, Massachusetts, September 1st, 1823; Samuel L. Southard, New Jersey, September 16th, 1823. _Attorney-General_, Richard Rush, continued; William Wirt, Virginia, November 13th, 1817. _Postmaster-General_, R. J. Meigs, continued; John McLean, Ohio, June 26th, 1823.

JOHN QUINCY ADAMS, President.

X.; 1825–1829.

_Secretary of State_, Henry Clay, Kentucky, March 7th, 1825. _Secretary of Treasury_, Richard Rush, Pennsylvania, March 7th, 1825. _Secretary of War_, James Barbour, Virginia, March 7th, 1825; Peter B. Porter, New York, May 26th 1828. _Secretary of Navy_, S. L. Southard, continued. _Attorney-General_, William Wirt, continued. _Postmaster-General_, John McLean, continued.

ANDREW JACKSON, President.

XI. and XII.; 1829–1837.

_Secretary of State_, Martin Van Buren, New York, March 6th, 1829; Edward Livingston, Louisiana, May 24th, 1831; Louis McLane, Delaware, May 29th, 1833; John Forsyth, Georgia, June 27th, 1834. _Secretary of Treasury_, Samuel D. Ingham, Pennsylvania, March 6th, 1829; Louis McLane, Delaware, August 8th, 1831; William J. Duane, Pennsylvania, May 29th, 1833; Roger B. Taney, Maryland, September 23d, 1833; Levi Woodbury, New Hampshire, June 27th, 1834. _Secretary of War_, John H. Eaton, Tennessee, March 9th, 1829; Lewis Cass, Michigan, August 1st, 1831; Benjamin F. Butler, New York, March 3d, 1837. _Secretary of Navy_, John Branch, North Carolina, March 9th, 1829; Levi Woodbury, New Hampshire, May 23d, 1831; Mahlon Dickerson, New Jersey, June 30th, 1834. _Attorney-General_, John M. Berrien, Georgia, March 9th, 1829; Roger B. Taney, Maryland, July 20th, 1831; Benjamin F. Butler, New York, November 15th, 1833. _Postmaster-General_, William T. Barry, Kentucky, March 9th, 1829; Amos Kendall, Kentucky, May 1st, 1835.

MARTIN VAN BUREN, President.

XIII.; 1837–1841.

_Secretary of State_, John Forsyth, continued. _Secretary of Treasury_, Levi Woodbury, continued. _Secretary of War_, Joel R. Poinsett, South Carolina, March 7th, 1837. _Secretary of Navy_, Mahlon Dickerson, continued; James K. Paulding, New York, June 25th, 1838. _Attorney-General_, Benjamin F. Butler; Felix Grundy, Tennessee, July 5th, 1838; Henry D. Gilpin, Pennsylvania, January 11th, 1810. _Postmaster-General_, Amos Kendall, continued; John M. Niles, Connecticut, May 19th, 1840.

WM. H. HARRISON AND JOHN TYLER, Presidents.

XIV.; 1841–1845.

_Secretary of State_, Daniel Webster, Massachusetts, March 5th, 1841; Hugh S. Legare, South Carolina, May 9th, 1843; A. P. Upshur, Virginia, July 24th, 1843; John C. Calhoun, South Carolina, March 6th, 1844. _Secretary of Treasury_, Thomas Ewing, Ohio, March 5th, 1841; Walter Forward, Pennsylvania, September 13th, 1841; John C. Spencer, New York, March 3d, 1843; George M. Bibb, Kentucky, June 15th, 1844. _Secretary of War_, John Bell, Tennessee, March 5th, 1841; John McLean, Ohio, September 13th, 1841; John C. Spencer, New York, October 12th, 1841; James M. Porter, Pennsylvania, March 8th, 1843; William Wilkins, Pennsylvania, February 15th, 1844. _Secretary of Navy_, G. E. Badger, North Carolina, March 5th, 1841; A. P. Upshur, Virginia, September 13th, 1841; David Henshaw, Massachusetts, July 24th, 1843; T. W. Gilmer, Virginia, February 15th, 1844; John Y. Mason, Virginia, March 14th, 1844. _Attorney-General_, John J. Crittenden, Kentucky, March 5th, 1841; Hugh S. Legare, South Carolina, September 13th, 1841; John Nelson, Maryland, July 1st, 1843. _Postmaster-General_, Francis Granger, Now York, March 6th, 1841; Charles A. Wickliffe, Kentucky, September 13th, 1841.

JAMES K. POLK, PRESIDENT.

XV.; 1845–1849.

_Secretary of State_, James Buchanan, Pennsylvania, March 6th, 1845. _Secretary of Treasury_, Robert J. Walker, Mississippi, March 6th, 1845. _Secretary of War_, William L. Marcy, New York, March 6th, 1845. _Secretary of Navy_, George Bancroft, Massachusetts, March 10th, 1845; John Y. Mason, September 9th, 1846. _Attorney-General_, John Y. Mason, Virginia, March 5th, 1845; Nathan Clifford, Maine, October 17th, 1846. _Postmaster-General_, Cave Johnson, Tennessee, March 6th, 1845.

ZACHARY TAYLOR AND MILLARD FILLMORE, Presidents.

XVI.; 1849–1853.

_Secretary of State_, John M. Clayton, Delaware, March 7th, 1840; Daniel Webster, Massachusetts, July 22d, 1850; Edward Everett, Massachusetts, December 6th, 1852. _Secretary of Treasury_, W. M. Meredith, Pennsylvania, March 8th, 1849; Thomas Corwin, Ohio, July 23d, 1850. _Secretary of War_, George W. Crawford, Georgia, March 8th, 1849; Winfield Scott (_ad interim_), July 23d, 1850; Charles M. Conrad, Louisiana, August 15th, 1850. Secretary of Navy, William B. Preston, Virginia, March 8th, 1849; William A. Graham, North Carolina, July 22d, 1850; J. P. Kennedy, Maryland, July 22d, 1852. _Secretary of Interior_, Thomas H. Ewing, Ohio, March 8th, 1849; A. H. H. Stuart, Virginia, September 12th, 1850. _Attorney-General_, Reverdy Johnson, Maryland, March 8th, 1849; John J. Crittenden, Kentucky, July 22d, 1850. _Postmaster-General_, Jacob Collamer, Vermont, March 8th, 1849; Nathan K. Hall, New York, July 23d, 1850; S. D. Hubbard, Connecticut, August 31st, 1852.

FRANKLIN PIERCE, President.

XVII.; 1853–1857.

_Secretary of State_, William L. Marcy, New York, March 7th, 1853. _Secretary of Treasury_, James Guthrie, Kentucky, March 7th, 1853. _Secretary of War_, Jefferson Davis, Mississippi, March 7th, 1853. _Secretary of Navy_, James C. Dobbin, North Carolina, March 7th, 1853. _Secretary of Interior_, Robert McClelland, Michigan, March 7th, 1853; Jacob Thompson, Mississippi, March 6th, 1856. _Attorney-General_, Caleb Cushing, Massachusetts, March 7th, 1853. _Postmaster-General_, James Campbell, Pennsylvania, March 7th, 1853.

JAMES BUCHANAN, President.

XVIII.; 1857–1861.

_Secretary of State_, Lewis Cass, Michigan, March 6th, 1857; J. S. Black, Pennsylvania, December 17th, 1860. _Secretary of Treasury_, Howell Cobb, Georgia, March 6th, 1857; Philip F. Thomas, Maryland, December 12th, 1860; John A. Dix, New York, January 11th, 1861. _Secretary of War_, John B. Floyd, Virginia, March 6th, 1857; Joseph Holt, Kentucky, January 18th, 1861. _Secretary of Navy_, Isaac Toucey, Connecticut, March 6th, 1857. _Secretary of Interior_, Jacob Thompson, continued. _Attorney-General_, J. S. Black, Pennsylvania, March 6th, 1857; E. M. Stanton, Pennsylvania, December 20th, 1860. _Postmaster-General_, Aaron V. Brown, Tennessee, March 6th, 1857; Joseph Holt, Kentucky, March 14th, 1859; Horatio King, Maine, February 12th, 1861.

ABRAHAM LINCOLN AND ANDREW JOHNSON, Presidents.

XIX. and XX.: 1861–1869.

_Secretary of State_, William H. Seward, New York, March 5th, 1861. _Secretary of Treasury_, S. P. Chase, Ohio, March 5th, 1861; W. P. Fessenden, Maine, July 1st, 1864; Hugh McCulloch, Indiana, March 7th, 1865. _Secretary of War_, Simon Cameron, Pennsylvania, March 5th, 1861; Edwin M. Stanton, Pennsylvania, January 15th, 1862; U. S. Grant (_ad interim_), August 12th, 1867; Edwin M. Stanton (reinstated), January 14th, 1868; J. M. Schofield, Illinois, May 28th, 1868. _Secretary of Navy_, Gideon Welles, Connecticut, March 5th, 1861. _Secretary of Interior_, Caleb P. Smith, March 5th, 1861; John P. Usher, Indiana, January 8th, 1863; James Harlan, Iowa, May 15th, 1865; O. H. Browning, Illinois, July 27th, 1866. _Attorney-General_, Edward Bates, Missouri, March 5th, 1861; Titian J. Coffee, June 22d, 1863; James Speed, Kentucky, December 2d, 1864; Henry Stanbery, Ohio, July 23d, 1866; William M. Evarts, New York, July 15th, 1868. _Postmaster-General_, Montgomery Blair, Maryland, March 5th, 1861; William Dennison, Ohio, September 24th, 1864; Alexander W. Randall, Wisconsin, July 25th, 1866.

ULYSSES S. GRANT, President.

XXI. and XXII.; 1869–1877.

_Secretary of State_, E. B. Washburne, Illinois, March 5th, 1869; Hamilton Fish, New York, March 11th, 1869. _Secretary of Treasury_, George S. Boutwell, Massachusetts, March 11th, 1869; William A. Richardson, Massachusetts, March 17th, 1873; Benjamin H. Bristow, Kentucky, June 2d, 1874; Lot M. Morrill, Maine, June 21st, 1876. _Secretary of War_, John A. Rawlins, Illinois, March 11th, 1869; William T. Sherman, Ohio, September 9th, 1869; William W. Belknap, Iowa, October 25th, 1869; Alphonso Taft, Ohio, March 8th, 1876; J. D. Cameron, Pennsylvania, May 22d, 1876. _Secretary of Navy_, Adolph E. Borie, Pennsylvania, March 5th, 1869; George M. Robeson, New Jersey, June 25th, 1869. _Secretary of Interior_, Jacob D. Cox, Ohio, March 5th, 1869; Columbus Delano, Ohio, November 1st, 1870; Zachariah Chandler, Michigan, October 19th, 1875. _Attorney-General_, E. R. Hoar, Massachusetts, March 5th, 1869; Amos T. Akerman, Georgia, June 23d, 1870; George H. Williams, Oregon, December 14th, 1871; Edwards Pierrepont, New York, April 26th, 1875; Alphonso Taft, Ohio, May 22d, 1876. _Postmaster-General_, J. A. J. Creswell, Maryland, March 5th, 1869; Marshall Jewell, Connecticut, August 24th, 1874; James M. Tyner, Indiana, July 12th, 1876.

RUTHERFORD B. HAYES, President.

XXIII.; 1877–1881.

_Secretary of State_, William M. Evarts, New York, March 12th, 1877. _Secretary of Treasury_, John Sherman, Ohio, March 8th, 1877. _Secretary of War_, George W. McCrary, Iowa, March 12th, 1877; Alexander Ramsey, Minnesota, December 12th, 1879. _Secretary of Navy_, Richard W. Thompson, Indiana, March 12th, 1877; Nathan Goff, Jr., West Virginia, January 6th, 1881. _Secretary of Interior_, Carl Schurz, Missouri, March 12th, 1877. _Attorney-General_, Charles Devens, Massachusetts, March 12th, 1877. _Postmaster-General_, David M. Key, Tennessee, March 12th, 1877; Horace Maynard, Tennessee, August 25th, 1880.

JAMES A. GARFIELD AND CHESTER A. ARTHUR.

Presidents.

XXIV.; 1881–1885.

_Secretary of State_, James G. Blaine, Maine, March 5th, 1881; Frederick T. Frelinghuysen, New Jersey, December 12th, 1881. _Secretary of Treasury_, William H. Windom, Minnesota, March 5th, 1881; Charles J. Folger, New York, October 27th, 1881; Walter Q. Gresham, Indiana, September 24th, 1884; Hugh McCulloch, Indiana, October 28th, 1884. _Secretary of War_, Robert T. Lincoln, Illinois, March 5th, 1881. _Secretary of Navy_, W. H. Hunt, Louisiana, March 5th, 1881; William E. Chandler, New Hampshire, April 1st, 1882. _Secretary of Interior_, S. J. Kirkwood, Iowa, March 5th, 1881; Henry M. Teller, Colorado, _Attorney-General_, Wayne McVeagh, Pennsylvania, March 5th, 1881; Benjamin H. Brewster, Pennsylvania, December 16th, 1881. _Postmaster-General_, Thomas L. James, New York, March 5th, 1881; Timothy O. Howe, Wisconsin, December 20th, 1881; Walter Q. Gresham, Indiana, April 3d, 1883; Frank Hatton, Wisconsin, October 14th, 1884.

GROVER CLEVELAND, President.

XXV.; 1885–1889.

_Secretary of State_, James A. Bayard, Delaware, March 5th, 1885. _Secretary of Treasury_, Daniel J. Manning, New York, March 5th, 1885. _Secretary of War_, W. C. Endicott, Massachusetts, March 5th, 1885. _Secretary of Navy_, William C. Whitney, New York, March 5th, 1885. _Postmaster-General_, William H. Vilas, Wisconsin, March 5th, 1885. _Secretary of Interior_, Lucius Q. C. Lamar, Mississippi, March 5th, 1885. _Attorney-General_, Augustus H. Garland, Arkansas, March 5th, 1885.

BENJAMIN HARRISON, President.

XXVI.; 1889–1893.

_Secretary of State_, James G. Blaine, Maine, March 5th, 1889. _Secretary of Treasury_, William Windom, Minnesota, March 5th, 1889.[115] _Secretary of War_, Redfield Proctor, Vermont, March 5th, 1889. _Secretary of Navy_, Benjamin Tracy, New York, March 5th, 1889. _Postmaster-General_, John Wanamaker, Pennsylvania, March 5th, 1889. _Secretary of Interior_, John W. Noble, Missouri, March 5th, 1889. _Attorney-General_, W. H. H. Miller, Indiana, March 5th, 1889. _Secretary of Agriculture_, Jeremiah Rusk, Wisconsin, March 5th, 1889.

SIGNERS OF THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE. IN CONGRESS ASSEMBLED JULY
4th, 1776.

The following list of members of the Continental Congress, who signed the Declaration of Independence (although the names are included in the general list of that Congress, from 1774 to 1778), is given separately for the purpose of showing the places and dates of their birth, and the times of their respective deaths, for convenient reference:

─────────────────┬─────────────────┬─────────────────┬─────────────────
│ │ │
NAMES OF THE │ BORN AT │ DELEGATED FROM │ DIED.
SIGNERS. │ │ │
─────────────────┼─────────────────┼─────────────────┼─────────────────
Adams, John │Braintree, Mass.,│Massachusetts │4 July, 1826.
│ 19 Oct. 1735 │ │
Adams, Samuel │Boston, Mass., 27│Massachusetts │2 Oct. 1803.
│ Sept. 1722 │ │
Bartlett, Josiah │Amesbury, Mass., │New Hampshire │19 May 1795.
│ in Nov. 1729 │ │
Braxton, Carter. │Newington, Va., │Virginia │10 Oct. 1797.
│ 10 Sept. 1736 │ │
Carroll, Chas of │Annapolis, Md., │Maryland │14 Nov. 1832.
Carrollton │ 20 Sept. 1737 │ │
Chase, Samuel │Somerset Co., │Maryland │19 June, 1811.
│ Md., 17 Apr. │ │
│ 1741 │ │
Clark, Abraham │Elizabethtown, N.│New Jersey │— Sept. 1794.
│ J., 15 Feb. │ │
│ 1726 │ │
Clymer, George │Philadelphia, │Pennsylvania │23 Jan. 1813.
│ Pa., in 1739 │ │
Ellery, William │Newport, R. I., │R. I. & Prov. Pl.│15 Feb., 1820.
│ 22 Dec. 1727 │ │
Floyd, William │Suffolk Co., N. │New York │4 Aug., 1821.
│ Y., 17 Dec. │ │
│ 1734 │ │
Franklin, │Boston, Mass., 17│Pennsylvania │17 Apr. 1790.
Benjamin │ Jan. 1706 │ │
Gerry, Elbridge │Marblehead, │Massachusetts │23 Nov. 1814.
│ Mass., 1 July │ │
│ 1744 │ │
Gwinnet, Button │England, in 1732 │Georgia │27 May, 1777.
Hall, Lyman │Connecticut, in │Georgia │— Feb. 1790.
│ 1731 │ │
Hancock, John │Braintree, Mass.,│Massachusetts │8 Oct. 1793.
│ in 1737 │ │
Harrison, │Berkley, Va., —— │Virginia │— Apr. 1791.
Benjamin │ —— │ │
Hart, John │Hopewell, N. J., │New Jersey │1880.
│ in 1715 │ │
Heyward, Thomas, │St. Luke’s, S. │S. Carolina │— Mar. 1809.
Jr. │ C., in 1746 │ │
Hewes, Joseph │Kingston, N. J., │N. Carolina │10 Oct. 1779.
│ in 1730 │ │
Hooper, William │Boston, Mass., 17│N. Carolina │— Oct. 1790.
│ June, 1742 │ │
Hopkins, Stephen │Scituate, Mass., │R. I. & Prov. Pl.│13 July, 1785.
│ 7 Mar., 1707 │ │
Huntington, │Windham, Conn., 3│Connecticut │5 Jan. 1796.
Samuel │ July 1732 │ │
Hopkinson, │Philadelphia, │New Jersey │9 May, 1790.
Francis │ Pa., in 1737 │ │
Jefferson, Thomas│Shadwell, Va., 13│Virginia │4 July, 1826.
│ Apr. 1734 │ │
Lee, Richard │Stratford, Va., │Virginia │19 June, 1794.
Henry │ 20 Jan. 1732 │ │
Lee, Francis │Stratford, Va., │Virginia │— Apr. 1797.
Lightfoot │ 14 Oct. 1734 │ │
Lewis, Francis F │Landaff, Wales, │New York │30 Dec. 1803.
│ in Mar. 1713 │ │
Livingston, │Albany, N. Y., 15│New York │12 June, 1778.
Philip │ Jan. 1716 │ │
Lynch, Thomas, Jr│St. George’s, S. │S. Carolina │Lost at sea,
│ C., 5 Aug. 1749│ │ 1779.
McKean, Thomas │Chester Co., Pa.,│Delaware │24 June, 1817.
│ 19 Mar. 1734 │ │
Middleton, Arthur│Middleton Place, │S. Carolina │1 Jan. 1787.
│ S. C., in 1743 │ │
Morris, Lewis │Morrissianna, N. │New York │22 Jan. 1798.
│ Y., in 1726 │ │
Morris, Robert │Lancashire, Eng.,│Pennsylvania │8 May, 1806.
│ Jan. 1733–4 │ │
Morton, John │Ridley, Pa., in │Pennsylvania │— Apr. 1777.
│ 1724 │ │
Nelson, Thomas, │York, Va., 26 │Virginia │4 Jan. 1789.
Jr │ Dec. 1738 │ │
Paca, Wm. │Wye-Hill, Md., 31│Maryland │— ——, 1799.
│ Oct. 1740 │ │
Paine, Robert │Boston, Mass., in│Massachusetts │11 May, 1804.
Treat │ 1731 │ │
Penn, John │Caroline Co., │N. Carolina │26 Oct. 1809.
│ Va., 17 May │ │
│ 1741 │ │
Read, George │Cecil Co., Md., │Delaware │— ——, 1798.
│ in 1734 │ │
Rodney, Cæsar │Dover, Del., in │Delaware │— ——, 1783.
│ 1730 │ │
Ross, George │New Castle, Del.,│Pennsylvania │— July, 1779.
│ in 1730 │ │
Rush, Benjamin, │Byberry, Pa., 24 │Pennsylvania │19 Apr. 1813.
M. D. │ Dec. 1745 │ │
Rutledge, Edward │Charleston, S. │S. Carolina │23 Jan. 1800.
│ C., in Nov. │ │
│ 1749 │ │
Sherman, Roger │Newton, Mass., 19│Connecticut │23 July, 1793.
│ Apr. 1721 │ │
Smith, James │——, Ireland, —— │Pennsylvania │11 July, 1806.
│ —— │ │
Stockton, Richard│Princeton, N. J.,│New Jersey │28 Feb. 1781.
│ 1 Oct. 1730 │ │
Stone, Thomas │Charles Co., Md.,│Maryland │5 Oct. 1787.
│ in 1742 │ │
Taylor, George │——, Ireland, in │Pennsylvania │23 Feb. 1781.
│ 1716 │ │
Thornton, Matthew│——, Ireland, in │New Hampshire │24 June, 1803.
│ 1714 │ │
Walton, George │Frederick Co., │Georgia │2 Feb. 1804.
│ Va., in 1740 │ │
Whipple, Wm. │Kittery, Maine, │New Hampshire │28 Nov. 1785.
│ in 1730 │ │
Williams, Wm │Lebanon, Conn., 8│Connecticut │2 Aug. 1811.
│ Apr. 1731 │ │
Wilson, James │Scotland, about │Pennsylvania │28 Aug. 1798.
│ 1742 │ │
Witherspoon, John│Yester, Scotland,│New Jersey │15 Nov. 1794.
│ 5 Feb. 1722 │ │
Wolcott, Oliver │Windsor, Conn., │Connecticut │1 Dec. 1797.
│ 26 Nov. 1726 │ │
Wythe, George │Elizabeth City │Virginia │8 June, 1806.
│ Co., Va., in │ │
│ 1726 │ │
─────────────────┴─────────────────┴─────────────────┴─────────────────

ANTE-WAR DEBTS OF THE SEVERAL STATES.

Table showing the Debts of the several States before the war (1860–61).

──────────────┬──────────
STATES. │ In
│ 1860–61.
──────────────┼──────────
Maine │ $699,500
New Hampshire │ 31,669
Vermont │ none.
Massachusetts │ 7,132,627
Rhode Island │ none.
Connecticut │ none.
New York │34,182,976
New Jersey │ 104,000
Pennsylvania │37,964,602
Delaware │ none.
Maryland │
Ohio │14,250,173
Indiana │ 7,770,233
Michigan │ 2,388,843
Illinois │10,277,161
Wisconsin │ 100,000
Minnesota │ 250,000
Iowa │ 200,000
Missouri │24,734,000
Kansas │ 150,000
Kentucky │ 4,729,234
California │
Oregon │ 55,372
Virginia │33,248,141
North Carolina│ 9,129,505
South Carolina│ 3,691,574
Georgia │ 2,670,750
Florida │ 383,000
Alabama │ 5,048,000
Mississippi │ none.
Louisiana │10,023,903
Texas │
Arkansas │ 3,092,622
Tennessee │16,643,666
──────────────┴──────────

CANDIDATES FOR PRESIDENT AND VICE PRESIDENT,

Since the adoption of the _Federal Constitution_, March 1st, 1789.

The following is a _list_ of the _Presidents_ and _Vice-Presidents_ of the _United States_, as well as those who were candidates for each office, since the organization of the Government: (_vide_ pp. 21–25, 62.)

1789—George Washington[116] and John Adams, two terms, no opposition.

1797—John Adams, opposed by Thomas Jefferson[116] who, having the next highest electoral vote, became Vice-President.

1801—Thomas Jefferson[116] and Aaron Burr; beating John Adams and Charles C. Pinckney.[116]

1805—Thomas Jefferson[116] and George Clinton; beating Charles C. Pinckney[116] and Rufus King.

1809—James Madison[116] and George Clinton; beating Charles C. Pinckney.[116]

1813—James Madison[116] and Eldridge Gerry; beating De Witt Clinton.

1817—James Monroe[116] and Daniel D. Tompkins; beating Rufus King.

1821—James Monroe[116] and Daniel D. Tompkins; beating John Quincy Adams.

1825—John Quincy Adams and John C. Calhoun;[116] beating Andrew Jackson,[116] Henry Clay,[116] and William H. Crawford;[116] there being four candidates for President, and Albert Gallatin for Vice-President.

1829—Andrew Jackson[116] and John C. Calhoun[116]; beating John Quincy Adams and Richard Rush.

1833—Andrew Jackson[116] and Martin Van Buren; beating Henry Clay,[116] John Floyd,[116] and William Wirt for President; and William Wilkins, John Sergeant, and Henry Lee[116] for Vice-President.

1837—Martin Van Buren and Richard M. Johnson[116]; beating William H. Harrison, Hugh L. White, and Daniel Webster for President, and John Tyler[116] for Vice-President.

1841—William H. Harrison and John Tyler[116]; beating Martin Van Buren and Littleton W. Tazewell.[116] Harrison died one month after his inauguration, and John Tyler[116] became President for the rest of the term.

1845—James K. Polk[116] and George M. Dallas; beating Henry Clay[116] and Theodore Frelinghuysen.

1849—Zachary Taylor[116] and Millard Fillmore; beating Lewis Cass and Martin Van Buren for President, and William O. Butler[116] and C. F. Adams, for Vice-President.

1853—Franklin Pierce and William R. King[116]; beating Winfield Scott and William A. Graham.[116]

1857—James Buchanan and John C. Breckinridge[116]; beating John C. Fremont and Millard Fillmore for President, and William L. Dayton and A. J. Donaldson[116] for Vice-President.

1861—Abraham Lincoln and Hannibal Hamlin; beating John Bell, Stephen A. Douglas, and J. C. Breckinridge[116] for President.

1865—Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson,[116] Union candidates; beating G. B. McClellan and G. H. Pendleton.

1869—Ulysses S. Grant and Schuyler Colfax; beating Horatio Seymour and Frank P. Blair, jr.

1873—Ulysses S. Grant and Henry Wilson; beating Horace Greeley and B. Gratz Brown, for President and Vice-President.

1877—Rutherford B. Hayes and Wm. A. Wheeler; beating Samuel Tilden and Thomas A. Hendricks.

1881—James A. Garfield and Chester A. Arthur; beating General W. S. Hancock and W. H. English. Arthur succeeded Garfield, after his death from assassination, Sept. 19, 1881, and David Davis is now Acting Vice-President.

1885—Grover Cleveland and Thomas A. Hendricks, who defeated James G. Blaine and John A. Logan.

1889—Benjamin Harrison and Levi P. Morton, who defeated Grover Cleveland and Allen G. Thurman.

NUMBER OF ELECTORAL VOTES TO WHICH EACH STATE HAS BEEN ENTITLED, AT EACH
ELECTION, 1789–1880.

──────────────┬────┬────┬────┬────┬────┬────┬────┬────┬────┬────┬────┬──── States. │1789│1792│1796│1800│1804│1808│1812│1816│1820│1824│1828│1832 ──────────────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼──── Alabama │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 3│ 5│ 5│ 7 Arkansas │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ California │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Colorado │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Connecticut │ 7│ 9│ 9│ 9│ 9│ 9│ 9│ 9│ 9│ 8│ 8│ 8 Delaware │ 3│ 3│ 3│ 3│ 3│ 3│ 4│ 4│ 4│ 3│ 3│ 3 Florida │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Georgia │ 5│ 4│ 4│ 4│ 6│ 6│ 8│ 8│ 8│ 9│ 9│ 11 Illinois │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 3│ 3│ 3│ 5 Indiana │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 3│ 3│ 5│ 5│ 9 Iowa │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Kansas │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Kentucky │ │ 4│ 4│ 4│ 8│ 8│ 12│ 12│ 12│ 14│ 14│ 15 Louisiana │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 3│ 3│ 3│ 5│ 5│ 5 Maine │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 9│ 9│ 9│ 10 Maryland │ 8│ 10│ 10│ 10│ 11│ 11│ 11│ 11│ 11│ 11│ 11│ 10 Massachusetts │ 10│ 16│ 16│ 16│ 19│ 19│ 22│ 22│ 15│ 15│ 15│ 14 Michigan │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Minnesota │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Mississippi │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 3│ 3│ 3│ 4 Missouri │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 3│ 3│ 3│ 4 Nebraska │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Nevada │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ New Hampshire │ 5│ 6│ 6│ 6│ 7│ 7│ 8│ 8│ 8│ 8│ 8│ 7 New Jersey │ 6│ 7│ 7│ 7│ 8│ 8│ 8│ 8│ 8│ 8│ 8│ 8 New York │ 8│ 12│ 12│ 12│ 19│ 19│ 29│ 29│ 29│ 36│ 36│ 42 North Carolina│ 7│ 12│ 12│ 12│ 14│ 14│ 15│ 15│ 15│ 15│ 15│ 15 Ohio │ │ │ │ │ 3│ 3│ 8│ 8│ 8│ 16│ 16│ 21 Oregon │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Pennsylvania │ 10│ 15│ 15│ 15│ 20│ 20│ 25│ 25│ 25│ 28│ 28│ 30 Rhode Island │ 3│ 4│ 4│ 4│ 4│ 4│ 4│ 4│ 4│ 4│ 4│ 4 South Carolina│ 7│ 8│ 8│ 8│ 10│ 10│ 11│ 11│ 11│ 11│ 11│ 11 Tennessee │ │ │ 3│ 3│ 5│ 5│ 8│ 8│ 8│ 11│ 11│ 15 Texas │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Vermont │ │ 4│ 4│ 4│ 6│ 6│ 8│ 8│ 8│ 7│ 7│ 7 Virginia │ 12│ 21│ 21│ 21│ 24│ 24│ 25│ 25│ 25│ 24│ 24│ 23 West Virginia │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Wisconsin │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ──────────────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼──── Total │ 91│ 135│ 138│ 138│ 176│ 176│ 218│ 221│ 235│ 261│ 261│ 288 │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Number of │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ States │ 13│ 15│ 16│ 16│ 17│ 17│ 18│ 19│ 24│ 24│ 24│ 24 ──────────────┴────┴────┴────┴────┴────┴────┴────┴────┴────┴────┴────┴────

──────────────┬────┬────┬────┬────┬────┬────┬────┬────┬────┬────┬────┬──── States. │1836│1840│1844│1848│1852│1856│1860│1864│1868│1872│1876│1880 ──────────────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼──── Alabama │ 7│ 7│ 9│ 9│ 9│ 9│ 9│ 8│ 8│ 10│ 10│ 12 Arkansas │ 3│ 3│ 3│ 3│ 4│ 4│ 4│ 5│ 5│ 6│ 6│ 7 California │ │ │ │ │ 4│ 4│ 4│ 5│ 5│ 6│ 6│ 8 Colorado │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 3│ 3 Connecticut │ 8│ 8│ 6│ 6│ 6│ 6│ 6│ 6│ 6│ 6│ 6│ 6 Delaware │ 3│ 3│ 3│ 3│ 3│ 3│ 3│ 3│ 3│ 3│ 3│ 3 Florida │ │ │ │ 3│ 3│ 3│ 3│ 3│ 3│ 4│ 4│ 4 Georgia │ 11│ 11│ 10│ 10│ 10│ 10│ 10│ 9│ 9│ 11│ 11│ 12 Illinois │ 5│ 5│ 9│ 9│ 11│ 11│ 11│ 16│ 16│ 21│ 21│ 22 Indiana │ 9│ 9│ 12│ 12│ 13│ 13│ 13│ 13│ 13│ 15│ 15│ 15 Iowa │ │ │ │ 4│ 4│ 4│ 4│ 8│ 8│ 11│ 11│ 13 Kansas │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 3│ 3│ 5│ 5│ 9 Kentucky │ 15│ 15│ 12│ 12│ 12│ 12│ 12│ 11│ 11│ 12│ 12│ 13 Louisiana │ 5│ 5│ 6│ 6│ 6│ 6│ 6│ 7│ 7│ 8│ 8│ 8 Maine │ 10│ 10│ 9│ 9│ 8│ 8│ 8│ 7│ 7│ 7│ 7│ 6 Maryland │ 10│ 10│ 8│ 8│ 8│ 8│ 8│ 7│ 7│ 8│ 8│ 8 Massachusetts │ 14│ 14│ 12│ 12│ 13│ 13│ 13│ 12│ 12│ 13│ 13│ 14 Michigan │ 3│ 3│ 5│ 5│ 6│ 6│ 6│ 8│ 8│ 11│ 11│ 13 Minnesota │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 4│ 4│ 4│ 5│ 5│ 7 Mississippi │ 4│ 4│ 6│ 6│ 7│ 7│ 7│ 7│ 7│ 8│ 8│ 9 Missouri │ 4│ 4│ 7│ 7│ 9│ 9│ 9│ 11│ 11│ 15│ 15│ 16 Nebraska │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 3│ 3│ 3│ 5 Nevada │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 3│ 3│ 3│ 3│ 3 New Hampshire │ 7│ 7│ 6│ 6│ 5│ 5│ 5│ 5│ 5│ 5│ 5│ 4 New Jersey │ 8│ 8│ 7│ 7│ 7│ 7│ 7│ 7│ 7│ 9│ 9│ 9 New York │ 42│ 42│ 36│ 36│ 35│ 35│ 35│ 33│ 33│ 35│ 35│ 36 North Carolina│ 15│ 15│ 11│ 11│ 10│ 10│ 10│ 9│ 9│ 10│ 10│ 11 Ohio │ 21│ 21│ 23│ 23│ 23│ 23│ 23│ 21│ 21│ 22│ 22│ 23 Oregon │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 3│ 3│ 3│ 3│ 3│ 3 Pennsylvania │ 30│ 30│ 26│ 26│ 27│ 27│ 27│ 26│ 26│ 29│ 29│ 30 Rhode Island │ 4│ 4│ 4│ 4│ 4│ 4│ 4│ 4│ 4│ 4│ 4│ 4 South Carolina│ 11│ 11│ 9│ 9│ 8│ 8│ 8│ 6│ 6│ 7│ 7│ 9 Tennessee │ 15│ 15│ 13│ 13│ 12│ 12│ 12│ 10│ 10│ 12│ 12│ 12 Texas │ │ │ │ 4│ 4│ 4│ 4│ 6│ 6│ 8│ 8│ 13 Vermont │ 7│ 7│ 6│ 6│ 5│ 5│ 5│ 5│ 5│ 5│ 5│ 4 Virginia │ 23│ 23│ 17│ 17│ 15│ 15│ 15│ 10│ 10│ 11│ 11│ 12 West Virginia │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 5│ 5│ 5│ 5│ 6 Wisconsin │ │ │ │ 4│ 5│ 5│ 5│ 8│ 8│ 10│ 10│ 11 ──────────────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼────┼──── Total │ 294│ 294│ 275│ 290│ 296│ 296│ 303│ 314│ 317│ 366│ 369│ 401 │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Number of │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ States │ 26│ 26│ 26│ 30│ 31│ 31│ 33│ 36│ 37│ 37│ 38│ 38 ──────────────┴────┴────┴────┴────┴────┴────┴────┴────┴────┴────┴────┴────

SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES.

─┬────────────────┬───────────────┬──────────────┬─────────┬────────┬─────┬─────
│Chief Justices. │ Associate │ State Whence │ Term of │Years of│Born.│Died.
│ │ Justices. │ Appointed. │Service. │Service.│ │
─┼────────────────┼───────────────┼──────────────┼─────────┼────────┼─────┼─────
1│John Jay[117] │ │New York │1789–1795│ 6│ 1745│ 1829
│ │John │South Carolina│1789–1791│ 2│ 1739│ 1800
│ │ Rutledge[117]│ │ │ │ │
│ │William Cushing│Massachusetts │1789–1810│ 21│ 1733│ 1810
│ │James Wilson │Pennsylvania │1789–1798│ 9│ 1742│ 1798
│ │John Blair[117]│Virginia │1789–1796│ 7│ 1732│ 1800
│ │Robert H. │Maryland │1789–1790│ 1│ 1745│ 1790
│ │ Harrison[117]│ │ │ │ │
│ │James Iredell │North Carolina│1790–1799│ 9│ 1751│ 1799
│ │Thomas │Maryland │1791–1793│ 2│ 1732│ 1819
│ │ Johnson[117] │ │ │ │ │
│ │William │New Jersey │1793–1806│ 13│ 1745│ 1806
│ │ Patterson │ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
2│John │ │South Carolina│1795–1795│ │ 1739│ 1800
│ Rutledge[118] │ │ │ │ │ │
│ │Samuel Chase │Maryland │1796–1811│ 15│ 1741│ 1811
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
3│Oliver │ │Connecticut │1796–1801│ 5│ 1745│ 1807
│ Ellsworth[117]│ │ │ │ │ │
│ │Bushr’d │Virginia │1798–1829│ 31│ 1762│ 1829
│ │ Washington │ │ │ │ │
│ │Alfred │North Carolina│1799–1804│ 5│ 1755│ 1810
│ │ Moore[117] │ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
4│John Marshall │ │Virginia │1801–1835│ 34│ 1755│ 1835
│ │William Johnson│South Carolina│1804–1834│ 30│ 1771│ 1834
│ │Brockh’t │New York │1806–1823│ 17│ 1757│ 1823
│ │ Livingston │ │ │ │ │
│ │Thomas Todd │Kentucky │1807–1826│ 19│ 1765│ 1826
│ │Joseph Story │Massachusetts │1811–1845│ 34│ 1779│ 1845
│ │Gabriel │Maryland │1811–1836│ 25│ 1752│ 1844
│ │ Duval[117] │ │ │ │ │
│ │Smith Thompson │New York │1823–1845│ 22│ 1767│ 1845
│ │Robert Trimble │Kentucky │1826–1828│ 2│ 1777│ 1828
│ │John McLean │Ohio │1829–1861│ 32│ 1785│ 1861
│ │Henry Baldwin │Pennsylvania │1830–1846│ 16│ 1779│ 1846
│ │James M. │Georgia │1835–1867│ 32│ 1790│ 1867
│ │ Wayne[119] │ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
5│Roger B. Taney │ │Maryland │1836–1864│ 28│ 1777│ 1864
│ │Philip P. │Virginia │1836–1841│ 5│ 1783│ 1841
│ │ Barbour │ │ │ │ │
│ │John Catron │Tennessee │1837–1865│ 28│ 1778│ 1865
│ │John McKinley │Alabama │1837–1852│ 15│ 1780│ 1852
│ │Peter V. Daniel│Virginia │1841–1860│ 19│ 1785│ 1860
│ │Samuel │New York │1845–1872│ 27│ 1792│ 1873
│ │ Nelson[117] │ │ │ │ │
│ │Levi Woodbury │New Hampshire │1845–1851│ 6│ 1789│ 1851
│ │Robert C. │Pennsylvania │1846–1869│ 23│ 1794│ 1870
│ │ Grier[117] │ │ │ │ │
│ │Benjamin R. │Massachusetts │1851–1857│ 6│ 1809│ 1874
│ │ Curtis[117] │ │ │ │ │
│ │John A. │Alabama │1853–1861│ 8│ 1811│
│ │ Campbell[117]│ │ │ │ │
│ │Nathan Clifford│Maine │1858– │ │ 1803│ 1881
│ │Noah H. │Ohio │1861– │ │ 1805│ 1881
│ │ Swayne[117] │ │ │ │ │
│ │Samuel F. │Iowa │1862– │ │ 1816│
│ │ Miller │ │ │ │ │
│ │David │Illinois │1862–1877│ 15│ 1815│
│ │ Davis[117] │ │ │ │ │
│ │Stephen J. │California │1866– │ │ 1816│
│ │ Field │ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
6│Salmon P. Chase │ │Ohio │1864–1873│ 9│ 1808│ 1873
│ │William │Pennsylvania │1870–1880│ 10│ 1808│
│ │ Strong[117] │ │ │ │ │
│ │Joseph P. │New Jersey │1870– │ │ 1813│
│ │ Bradley │ │ │ │ │
│ │Ward Hunt[117] │New York │1872– │ │ 1811│
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
7│Morrison R. │ │Ohio │1874–1887│ 13│ 1816│ 1887
│ Waite │ │ │ │ │ │
│ │John M. Harlan │Kentucky │1877– │ │ 1833│
│ │William B. │Georgia │1880– │ │ 1826│
│ │ Woods │ │ │ │ │
│ │Horace Gray │Massachusetts │1881– │ │ │
│ │Roscoe │New York │1882– │ │ │ .
│ │ Conkling[117]│ │ │ │ │
│ │Samuel │New York │1882– │ │ │
│ │ Blatchford │ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
8│Melville W. │ │Illinois │1887– │ │ │
│ Fuller │ │ │ │ │ │
│ │Lucius Q. C. │Mississippi │1887– │ │ │
│ │ Lamar │ │ │ │ │
│ │David J. Brewer│Kansas │1890– │ │ │
─┴────────────────┴───────────────┴──────────────┴─────────┴────────┴─────┴─────

TOTAL NUMBER OF TROOPS CALLED INTO SERVICE DURING THE REBELLION.[120]

The various calls of the President for men were as follows:

1861—3 months’ men 75,000
1861—3 years’ men 500,000
1862—3 years’ men 300,000
1862—9 months’ men 300,000
1864—3 years’ men, February 500,000
1864—3 years’ men, March 200,000
1864—3 years’ men, July 500,000
1864—3 years’ men, December 300,000
—————————
Total 2,675,000

LENGTH OF SESSIONS OF CONGRESS, 1789–1891.

No. of No. of Time of Session.
Congress. Session.
1st 1st March 4, 1789—September 29, 1789
„ 2d January 4, 1790—August 12, 1790
„ 3d December 6, 1790—March 3, 1791
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
2d 1st October 24, 1791—May 8, 1792
„ 2d November 5, 1792—March 2, 1793
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
3d 1st December 2, 1793—June 9, 1794
„ 2d November 3, 1794—March 3, 1795
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
4th 1st December 7, 1795—June 1, 1796
„ 2d December 5, 1796—March 3, 1797
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
5th 1st May 15, 1797—July 10, 1797
„ 2d November 13, 1797—July 16, 1798
„ 3d December 3, 1798—March 3, 1799
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
6th 1st December 2, 1799—May 14, 1800
„ 2d November 17, 1880—March 3, 1801
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
7th 1st December 7, 1801—May 3, 1802
„ 2d December 6, 1802—March 3, 1803
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
8th 1st October 17, 1803—March 27, 1804
„ 2d November 5, 1804—March 3, 1805
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
9th 1st December 2, 1805—April 21, 1806
„ 2d December 1, 1806—March 3, 1807
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
10th 1st October 26, 1807—April 25, 1808
„ 2d November 7, 1808—March 3, 1809
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
11th 1st May 22, 1809—June 28, 1809
„ 2d November 27, 1809—May 1, 1810
„ 3d December 3, 1810—March 3, 1811
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
12th 1st November 4, 1811—July 6, 1812
„ 2d November 2, 1812—March 3, 1813
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
13th 1st May 24, 1813—August 2, 1813
„ 2d December 6, 1813—April 18, 1814
„ 3d September 19, 1814—March 3, 1815
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
14th 1st December 4, 1815—April 30, 1816
„ 2d December 2, 1816—March 3, 1817
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
15th 1st December 1, 1817—April 20, 1818
„ 2d November 16, 1818—March 3, 1819
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
16th 1st December 6, 1819—May 15, 1820
„ 2d November 13, 1820—March 3, 1821
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
17th 1st December 3, 1821—May 8, 1822
„ 2d December 2, 1822—March 3, 1823
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
18th 1st December 1, 1823—May 27, 1824
„ 2d December 6, 1824—March 3, 1825
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
19th 1st December 5, 1825—May 22, 1826
„ 2d December 4, 1826—March 3, 1827
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
20th 1st December 3, 1827—May 26, 1828
„ 2d December 1, 1828—March 3, 1829
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
21st 1st December 7, 1829—May 31, 1830
„ 2d December 6, 1830—March 3, 1831
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
22d 1st December 5, 1831—July 16, 1832
„ 2d December 3, 1832—March 3, 1833
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
23d 1st December 2, 1833—June 30, 1834
„ 2d December 1, 1834—March 3, 1835
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
24th 1st December 7, 1835—July 4, 1836
„ 2d December 5, 1836—March 3, 1837
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
25th 1st September 4, 1837—October 16, 1837
„ 2d December 4, 1837—July 9, 1838
„ 3d December 3, 1838—March 3, 1839
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
26th 1st December 2, 1839—July 21, 1840
„ 2d December 7, 1840—March 3, 1841
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
27th 1st May 31, 1841—September 13, 1841
„ 2d December 6, 1841—August 31, 1842
„ 3d December 5, 1842—March 8, 1843
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
28th 1st December 4, 1843—June 17, 1844
„ 2d December 2, 1844—March 3, 1845
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
29th 1st December 1, 1845—August 10, 1846
„ 2d December 7, 1846—March 3, 1847
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
30th 1st December 6, 1847—August 14, 1848
„ 2d December 4, 1848—March 3, 1849
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
31st 1st December 3, 1849—September 30, 1850
„ 2d December 2, 1850—March 3, 1851
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
32d 1st December 1, 1851—August 31, 1852
„ 2d December 6, 1852—March 3, 1853
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
33d 1st December 2, 1853—August 7, 1854
„ 2d December 4, 1854—March 3, 1855
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
34th 1st December 5, 1855—August 18, 1856
„ 2d August 21, 1856—August 30, 1856
„ 3d December 1, 1856—March 3, 1857
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
35th 1st December 7, 1857—June 14, 1858
„ 2d December 6, 1858—March 3, 1859
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
36th 1st December 5, 1859—June 25, 1860
„ 2d December 3, 1860—March 4, 1861
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
37th 1st July 4, 1861—August 6, 1861
„ 2d December 2, 1861—July 17, 1862
„ 3d December 1, 1862—March 4, 1863
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
38th 1st December 7, 1863—July 4, 1864
„ 2d December 5, 1864—March 4, 1865
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
39th 1st December 4, 1865—July 28, 1866
„ 2d December 3, 1866—March 4, 1867
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
40th 1st March 4, 1867—March 30, 1867
„ „ July 3, 1867—July 20, 1867
„ „ November 21, 1867—December 2, 1867
„ 2d December 2, 1867—July 27, 1868
„ 3d December 7, 1868—March 4, 1869
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
41st 1st March 4, 1869—April 23, 1869
„ 2d December 6, 1869—July 15, 1870
„ 3d December 5, 1870—March 4, 1871
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
42d 1st March 4, 1871—April 20, 1871
„ 2d December 4, 1871—June 10, 1872
„ 3d December 2, 1872—March 4, 1873
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
43d 1st December 1, 1873—June 23, 1874
„ 2d December 7, 1874—March 4, 1875
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
44th 1st December 6, 1875—August 15, 1876
„ 2d December 4, 1876—March 4, 1877
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
45th 1st October 15, 1877—December 3, 1877
„ 2d December 3, 1877—June 20, 1878
„ 3d December 2, 1878—March 4, 1879
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
46th 1st March 18, 1879—July 1, 1879
„ 2d December 1, 1879—June 16, 1880
„ 3d December 6, 1880—March 4, 1881
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
47th 1st December 5, 1881—August 8, 1882
„ 2d December 4, 1882—March 4, 1883
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
48th 1st December 3, 1883—July 7, 1884
„ 2d December 1, 1884—March 4, 1885
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
49th 1st December 7, 1885—August 5, 1886
„ 2d December 6, 1886—March 4, 1887
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
50th 1st December 5, 1887—October 20, 1888
„ 2d December 3, 1888—March 4, 1889
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
51st 1st December 2, 1889—October, 1890
„ 2d December 1, 1890—March 4, 1891

CIVIL OFFICERS OF THE UNITED STATES

Number Employed in the several Departments of the Government, July 1st,
1882.

Executive Office 7
Congress 280
State Department 419
Treasury Department 12,130
War Department 1,861
Post-Office Department 52,672
Navy Department 128
Interior Department 2,813
Department of Justice 2,876
Department of Agriculture 77
Government Printing Office 1,168
——————
Total 74,431

THE STATES AND TERRITORIES—when Admitted or Organized—with Area and
Population.