Chapter XII: Part 12

Chickweed. 3-12 ins. W. 3/16 in., 87

Clustered Mouse-ear Chickweed. 6-10 ins. W. 3/16 in., 88

Narrow-leaved Mouse-ear Chickweed. 6-10 ins. W. 1/4 in., 88

Dove's-foot Crane's-bill. 8-12 ins. P. 3/8 in., 89

Jagged-leaved Crane's-bill. 1-2 ft. R. 3/8 in., 89

Herb Robert. 1-2 ft. P. 1/2 in., 90

Black Medick. 1/2-2 ft. Y. Heads 1/4 in., 90

Grass Vetchling. 1-2 ft. C. 3/8 in., 92

Bird's Foot. 6-18 ins. Cr. and C. Heads 1/4 in., 92

Bush Vetch. 2-3 ft. p.Pu. 7/16 in., 92

Barren Strawberry. 2-6 ins. W. 1/2 in., 93

Moschatel. 4-6 ins. Y.G. Heads 3/8 in., 93

White Bryony. 6-12 ft. G.W. 5/8 in., 94

Common Beaked Parsley. 2-3 ft. W. 1/8 in., 95

Chervil. 3-4 ft. W. 1/8 in., 95

Garden Beaked Parsley. 18 ins. W. 1/10 in., 96

Gout-weed. 1-2 ft. G.W. 1/8 in., 96

Crosswort. 6-18 ins. Y. 1/10 in., 97

Mouse-ear Hawkweed. 2-10 ins. Y. Head 1 in., 98

Groundsel. 6-12 ins. Y. Heads 3/16 in., 98

Colt's-foot. 6 ins. Y. Heads 1 in., 98

Thyme-leaved Speedwell. 3-10 ins. Li. 1/4 in., 100

Common Speedwell. 2-10 ins. p.Bl. 1/6 in., 100

Germander Speedwell. 12-18 ins. Bl. 1/2 in., 100

Wall Speedwell. 4-12 ins. p.Bl. 3/16 in., 101

Grey Field Speedwell. 3-7 ins. Bl. 3/16 in., 101

Green Field Speedwell. 4-8 ins. Bl. 3/16 in., 102

White Dead Nettle. 6-18 ins. W. 5/8 in., 102

Red Dead Nettle. 6-18 ins. Pu. 1/4 in., 103

Cut-leaved Dead Nettle. 6-18 ins. Ro. 1/4 in., 103

Ground Ivy. 8-20 ins. Bl.Pu. 5/16 in., 104

Early Field Scorpion Grass. 4-10 ins. Bl. 1/16 in., 104

Yellow Pimpernel. 4-10 ins. Y. 1/2 in., 105

Dog's Mercury. 6-18 ins. G. 3/16 in., 105

Black Bryony. 5-10 ft. Y.G. 3/16 in., 106

Cuckoo Pint. 8-20 ins., 106

Annual Meadow Grass., 107

4. MEADOWS, FIELDS AND PASTURES--SPRING.

Lesser Celandine. 3-6 ins. Y. 1 in., 108

Creeping Buttercup. 6-12 ins. Y. 7/8 in., 109

Bulbous Buttercup. 1-2 ft. Y. 1 in., 110

Field Penny Cress. 6-24 ins. W. 1/8 in., 110

Cuckoo Flower. 1-2 ft. W. or Li. 5/8 in., 111

Wild Pansy. 4-10 ins. W.Y. and Pu. 3/4 in., 111

Ragged Robin. 1-2 ft. R. or Ro. 1 in., 112

Spotted Medick. 6-24 ins. Y. 3/16 in., 112

Netted Medick. 10-20 ins. Y. 1/16 in., 112

Subterranean Trefoil. 6-18 ins. W.P. or C. 1/8 in., 113

White Clover. 2-20 ins. W. 3/16 in. Heads 7/8 in., 113

Hybrid Trefoil. 3-20 ins. W. or P. 3/16 in. Heads 7/8 in., 113

Purple Clover. 5-20 ins. Pu. 1/4 in. Heads 1-1/4 in., 113

Spring Vetch. 8 ins. Pu. 1/4 in., 114

Common Vetch. 1-2 ft. p.Pu. 3/8 in., 115

Meadow Saxifrage. 6-10 ins. W. 5/8 in., 115

Earthnut. 1-3 ft. W. 1/8 in., 116

Daisy. 2-6 ins. W. and Y. Heads 3/4 in., 116

Dandelion. 2-8 ins. Y. Head 1-1/2 in. or more, 116

Butter-bur. 4-12 ins. P. or Pu. Heads 3/8 in., 117

Yellow Rattle. 6-18 ins. Y. 1/4 in., 118

Field Louse-wort. 4-8 ins. Ro. 5/8 in., 118

Henbit Dead Nettle. 5-10 ins. Ro. or Pu. 1/4 in., 119

Changing Scorpion Grass. 4-10 ins. Y. or Bl. 1/10 in., 119

Cowslip. 6-12 ins. Y. 7/16 in., 120

Common Sorrel. 1-2 ft. R.Pu. 1/8 in., 120

Sheep's Sorrel. 3-12 ins. R.Pu. 1/8 in., 121

Twayblade. 1-2 ft. Y.G. 7/16 in., 121

Green-winged Orchis. 6-12 ins. G. and Pu. 1/2 in., 122

Early Purple Orchis. 6-18 ins. Pu.P. or W., 5/8 in., 122

Fox-tail Grass., 122

5. BOGS, MARSHES AND WET PLACES--SPRING.

Marsh Marigold. 9-18 ins. Y. 1-1/4 in., 123

Marsh Violet. 2-6 ins. Li. 5/8 in., 123

Sundew. 2-6 ins. W. 3/16 in., 355

Marsh Stitchwort. 6-18 ins. W. 1/2 in., 124

Bog Stitchwort. 4-12 ins. W. 3/16 in., 124

Marsh Cinquefoil. 6-18 ins. Pu.Br. 7/8 in., 124

Common Golden Saxifrage 2-5 ins. Y. 1/8 in., 125

Alternate-leaved Golden Saxifrage. 2-5 ins. Y. 1/8 in., 125

Marsh Pennywort. Creeping. W. 1/16 in., 126

Marsh Valerian. 6-8 ins. p.Ro. 1/8 in., 126

Marsh Trefoil. 6-12 ins. P.W. 3/4 in., 127

Red Rattle. 6-18 ins. C. 5/8 in., 127

Willows., 128

Yellow Flag. 2-4 ft. Y. 3 ins., 129

6. WOODS, THICKETS AND COPSES--SUMMER.

Lime Tree. 20-50 ft. Y.G. 3/8 in., 130

Tutsan. 1-3 ft. Y. 3/4 in., 132

Rose of Sharon. 10-18 ins. Y. 3 ins., 132

Common St. John's Wort. 1-2 ft. Y. 3/4 in., 132

Hairy St John's Wort. 1-3 ft. Y. 3/4 in., 133

Wood Crane's-bill. 1-2 ft. Bl.Pu. 1 in., 133

Dyer's Green-weed. 1-2 ft. Y. 5/8 in., 134

Sweet Milk Vetch. 2-3 ft. p.Y. or Cr. 1/4 in., 135

Tuberous Bitter Vetch. 6-12 ins. R.Pu. 3/8 in., 135

Narrow-leaved Everlasting Pea. 2-6 ft. p.Pu. 3/4 in., 136

Wild Raspberry. 3-5 ft. W. 7/16 in., 136

Rose Bay Willow herb. 2-6 ft. Ro. 1 in., 137

Pale Smooth-leaved Willow-herb. 1-2 ft. Ro. 3/8 in., 137

Enchanter's Nightshade. 1-2 ft. W. 1/4 in., 138

Dogwood. 5-8 ft. Y.W. 1/2 in. (Shrub), 138

Wood Sanicle. 1-2 ft. P.W. 1/16 in., 139

Angelica. 2-4 ft. W. 1/8 in., 139

Elder Tree. 12-20 ft. W. or Cr. 1/4 in., 140

Guelder Rose. 6-9 ft. W. 3/16 to 5/8 in. (Shrub)., 141

Great Valerian. 2-4 ft. P.W. 3/16 in., 142

Succory-leaved Hawk's-beard 1-3 ft. Y. Head 7/8 in., 142

Saw-wort. 1-3 ft. Pu. or C. Heads 5/16 in., 142

Golden Rod. 6-24 ins. Y. Heads 7/16 in., 142

Great Leopard's-bane. 2-3 ft. Y. 1-1/2 ins., 143

Plantain-leaved Leopard's-bane. 2-3 ft. Y. 2 ins., 143

Giant Bell-flower. 3-5 ft. Bl. 1-1/4 ins., 144

Creeping Bell-flower. 1-2 ft. Bl. 1 in., 144

Nettle-leaved Bell-flower. 1-3 ft. Bl. 1 in., 144

Ivy-leaved Bell-flower. Creeping. p.Bl. 5/16 in., 144

Holly Tree. 10-30 ft. W. 5/16 in., 145

Privet (shrub). 4-12 ft. W. 5/16 in., 145

Common Cow-wheat. 6-18 ins. p.Y. 1/4 in., 146

Crested Cow-wheat. 6-20 ins. Y. and Pu. 3/16 in., 147

Wood Cow-wheat. 6-20 ins. d. Y. 1/8-3/16 in., 147

Foxglove. 2-6 ft. Pu. or W. 7/8 in., 148

Wood Betony. 1-2 ft. Pu., C., P. or W. 3/8 in., 149

Wood Forget-me-not. 1-2 ft. Bl. 3/8 in., 150

Millet Grass., 150

Bearded Wheat., 150

Slender False Brome Grass., 150

7. WAYSIDES AND WASTE GROUND--SUMMER.

Wild Clematis. 4-10 ft. W. 3/4 in., 151

Hedge Mustard. 1-2 ft. Y. 1/10 in., 152

Felix Weed. 1-2 ft. G.Y. 1/16 in., 152

Dyer's Weed. 2-3 ft. Y. 3/16 in., 153

Deptford Pink. 12-18 ins. Ro. 1/2 in., 153

Red Campion. 1-2 ft. R. 7/8 in., 153

Common Mallow. 2-3 ft. Li. 1-1/4 in., 155

Dwarf Mallow. 6-24 ins. Li. 5/8 in., 155

Musk Mallow. 2-3 ft. Ro. or W. 1-1/2 in., 156

Round-leaved Crane's-bill. 6-12 ins. P. 3/8 in., 158

Bloody Crane's-bill. 1-2 ft. C. 1 in., 158

Small-flowered Crane's-bill. 6-18 ins. Li. 1/3 in., 158

Hemlock Stork's-bill. 6-18 ins. Ro. or W. 1/2 in., 160

Bird's-foot Trefoil. 6-15 ins. Y. or O. 1/2 in., 160

Hairy Tare. 1-2 ft. p.Bl. 1/8 in., 161

Slender Tare. 1-2 ft. Bl. 1/8 in., 161

Tufted Vetch. 3-6 ft. Bl.Pu. 1/4 in., 162

Herb Bennet. 1-2 ft. Y. 5/8 in., 164

Dog Rose. 4-8 ft. P. or W. 2 ins., 164

Silver Weed. 6-12 ins. Y. 7/8 in., 165

Hoary Cinquefoil. 6-18 ins. Y. 1/2 in., 166

Creeping Cinquefoil. 6-18 ins. Y. 3/4 in., 166

Agrimony. 1-2 ft. Y. 3/8 in., 166

Broad Smooth-leaved Willow-herb. 1-2 ft. p.Pu. 3/8 in., 166

Orpine. 10-20 ins. R.Pu. 3/8 in., 166

Hemlock. 2-6 ft. W. 1/16 in., 169

Fool's Parsley. 12-18 ins. W. 1/16 in., 170

Wild Parsnip. 2-3 ft. Y. 1/10 in., 170

Cow Parsnip. 4-5 ft. R.W. Outer flowers 3/8 in., 170

Upright Hedge Parsley. 2-3 ft. W. or P. 1/8 in., 171

Rough Chervil. 1-3 ft. W. 1/8 in., 171

Honeysuckle. 10-12 ft. Y. and R. 1 in., 172

Upright Honeysuckle. 3-6 ft. p.Y. 1/4 in., 172

Perfoliate Honeysuckle. 10-12 ft. R.W. 1-1/4 in., 172

Great Hedge Bedstraw. 2-5 ft. W. 3/16 in., 172

Goose Grass. 2-5 ft. W. 1/10 in., 173

Teasel. 3-6 ft. p.Pu. Heads 2 ins., 173

8. WAYSIDES AND WASTE GROUND--SUMMER.

(COMPOSITE FLOWERS ONLY.)

Yellow Goat's-beard. 1-2 ft. Y. Heads 1-1/4 in., 177

Bristly Ox-tongue. 2-3 ft. Y. Heads 7/8 in., 177

Hawkweed Picris. 2-3 ft. Y. Heads 1 in., 178

Strong-scented Lettuce. 3-4 ft. p.Y. Heads 3/8 in., 178

Prickly Lettuce. 3-4 ft. Y. Heads 1/4 in., 179

Sharp-fringed Sow Thistle. 2-3 ft. Y. Heads 3/4 in., 179

Common Sow Thistle. 2-3 ft. Y. Heads 3/4 in., 180

Smooth Hawk's-beard. 1/2-3 ft. Y. Heads 1/2 in., 180

Shrubby Hawkweed. 2-4 ft. Y. Heads 3/4 in., 181

Nipplewort. 1-2 ft. Y. Heads 3/8 in., 181

Chicory. 1-3 ft. Bl. Heads 1-1/2 in., 182

Burdock. 2-6 ft. Pu. Heads 3/4 in., 182

Welted Thistle. 1-3 ft. Pu. Heads 3/4 in., 183

Spear Thistle. 1-5 ft. Pu. Heads 1-1/4 in., 183

Creeping Thistle. 2-4 ft. Pu. Heads 3/4 in., 184

Tansy. 3 ft. Y. Heads 1/2 in., 185

Mugwort. 2-4 ft. Br.Y. Heads 1/8 in., 185

Wormwood. 1-2 ft. Y. Heads 3/16 in., 186

Common Ragwort. 1-4 ft. Y. Heads 7/8 in., 187

Feverfew. 1-2 ft. Y. and W. Heads 5/8 in., 187

Scentless Mayweed. 1-2 ft. Y. and W. Heads 1-1/4-2 in., 188

Milfoil. 6-18 ins. W. Heads 5/16 in., 189

9. WAYSIDES AND WASTE GROUND--SUMMER (_continued_).

Rampion Bellflower. 2-3 ft. Bl. 5/8 in., 190

Great Bindweed. 4-6 ft. W. 2 ins., 190

Great Dodder. Parasitic. P. Heads 1/2 in., 341

Lesser Dodder. Parasitic. P. Heads 1/4 in., 341

Flax Dodder. Parasitic. P. Heads 1/2 in., 341

Clover Dodder. Parasitic. P. Heads 1/4 in., 341

Henbane. 1-2 ft. Y. 7/8 in., 191

Black Nightshade. 1/2-2 ft. W. 7/16 in., 192

Woody Nightshade. 3-6 ft. Pu. 7/16 in., 192

Deadly Nightshade. 2-3 ft. Pu. 5/8 in., 194

Red Bartsia. 6-18 ins. R. 1/4 in., 195

Yellow Toadflax. 1-3 ft. Y. 3/8 in., 195

Vervein. 1-2 ft. Li. 1/8 in., 196

Common Calamint. 1-2 ft. Pu. 1/3 in., 198

Lesser Calamint. 1-2 ft. Pu. 1/4 in., 198

Balm. 1-3 ft. W. 3/8 in., 198

Black Horehound. 2-3 ft. Pu. 1/3 in., 199

Hedge Woundwort. 1-3 ft. R.Pu. 1/3 in., 199

Field Scorpion Grass. 6-18 ins. Bl. 3/16 in., 200

Gromwell. 12-18 ins. P.Y. 3/16 in., 200

Borage. 1-2 ft. B. 7/8 in., 200

Common Alkanet. 1-2 ft. B. 7/16 in., 201

Evergreen Alkanet. 1-2 ft. B. 3/8 in., 201

Hound's-tongue. 1-2 ft. R.Pu. 3/8 in., 201

Buck's-horn Plantain. 2-9 ins. G. Spike 1-2 ins., 202

Stinking Goose-foot. 6-15 ins. G. 1/16 in., 203

Many-seeded Goose-foot. 8-20 ins. G. 1/16 in., 203

Upright Goose-foot. 1-3 ft. G. 1/10 in., 203

White Goose-foot. 1-3 ft. G. 1/10 in., 204

Fig-leaved Goose-foot. 1-2 ft. G. 1/16 in., 204

Red Goose-foot. 1-3 ft. G. 1/16 in., 204

Mercury Goose-foot. 1-3 ft. G. 1/10 in., 204

Orache. 1/2-3 ft. G. 1/16 in., 204

Spotted Persicaria. 1-2 ft. G.Ro. 1/8 in., 205

Pale Persicaria. 2-4 ft. G.P. 1/8 in., 206

Knot-grass. 2-3 ft. Variable 1/8 in., 206

Broad-leaved Dock. 2-3 ft. R.G. 1/8 in., 206

Curled Dock. 2-3 ft. R.G. 1/8 in., 207

Sun Spurge. 6-18 ins. G.Y. 1/4 in., 208

Petty Spurge. 6-12 ins. Y. 1/6 in., 208

Small Nettle. 1-2 ft. G. 1/10 in., 209

Great Nettle. 1-4 ft. G. 1/10 in., 209

Roman Nettle. 1-2 ft. G. 1/5 in., 209

Hop. 12-20 ft. G.Y. Male racemes 3-1/2 ins. long.
Female heads 5/8 in., 210

Canary Grass., 210

10. MEADOWS, FIELDS AND PASTURES--SUMMER.

Upright Buttercup. 1/2-3 ft. Y. 7/8 in., 211

Pale Hairy Crowfoot. 1/2-1 ft. p.Y. 3/4 in., 212

Gold of Pleasure. 1-3 ft. Y. 1/8 in., 212

Bladder Campion. 2-3 ft. W. 5/8 in., 213

White Campion. 1-2 ft. W. 1 in., 213

Kidney Vetch. 6-12 ins. Y. or O. 1/4 in., 214

Lucerne. 1-2 ft. Pu. or Bl. 1/4 in., 215

Common Melilot. 2-4 ft. Y. 1/8 in., 215

Field Melilot. 1-2 ft. Y. 1/16 in., 216

White Melilot. 2-3 ft. W. 1/8 in., 216

Clustered Clover. 6-12 ins. Pu. or P. 1/8 in., 216

Strawberry Trefoil. 6-12 ins. Ro. 1/16 in. Heads 1/4 in.
or more., 216

Hare's-foot Trefoil. 6-12 ins. 1/16 in. Heads 3/8 in., 217

Crimson Clover. 6-16 ins. C. or P. 1/4 in. Heads 1 in.
or more., 217

Hop Trefoil. 6-20 ins. Y. 1/16 in. Heads 1/4 in., 217

Lesser Yellow Trefoil. 6-18 ins. p.Y. 1/10 in. Heads 1/4 in., 218

Meadow Vetchling. 1-2 ft. Y. 1/2 in., 218

Great Burnet. 1-2 ft. Pu. 1/8 in. Heads 5/8 in., 218

Lady's Mantle. 6-18 ins. Y.G. 3/16 in., 218

Meadow Sweet. 2-4 ft. Cr. W. 1/4 in., 218

Burnet Saxifrage. 1-2 ft. W. 1/16 in., 219

Wild Carrot. 1-2 ft. p.Pu. or W. 1/8 in., 220

Devil's-bit Scabious. 1-2 ft. Bl.Pu. Heads 3/4 in., 220

Rough Hawkbit. 4-12 ins. Y. Heads 1-1/4 in., 222

Autumnal Hawkbit. 6-18 ins. Y. Heads 1 in., 223

Meadow Thistle. 12-18 ins. Pu. Heads 1-1/8 in., 224

Black Knapweed. 1/2-3 ft. Pu. Heads 1-1/4 in., 224

Great Knapweed. 2-3 ft. Pu. or W. Heads 2 ins., 225

Common Fleabane. 1/2-2 ft. Y. Heads 3/4 in., 225

Small Fleabane. 6-12 ins. Y. Heads 3/8 in., 226

Ox-eye Daisy. 1-2 ft. Y. and W. 1-3/4 in., 227

Sneeze-wort. 1-2 ft. W. 1/2 in., 227

Centaury. 6-18 ins. Ro. or P. 3/8 in., 227

Small Bindweed. 1/2-2 ft. P. 1 in., 228

Meadow Clary. 1-2 ft. Bl. 5/8 in., 229

Marjoram. 9-18 ins. Ro. Pu. 3/16 in., 231

Self-heal. 4-10 ins. V. or Pu. 1/4 in., 232

Greater Plantain. 2-9 ins. G. 1/8 in. Spike 5-8 ins., 232

Ribwort Plantain. 2-10 ins. G. 1/8 in. Spike 1 in., 233

Marsh Orchis. 1-2 ft. W. to Pu. 5/8 in., 233

Butterfly Orchis. 6-14 ins. W. or G.W. 1/2-3/4 in., 234

Cat's-tail Grass., 233

Meadow Barley., 233

Sheep's Fescue Grass., 234

Rye Grass or Darnel., 234

Cock's-foot Grass., Plate IV

12. BOGS, MARSHES, AND WET PLACES--SUMMER.

Lesser Spearwort. 4-12 ins. Y. 1/2 in., 236

Greater Spearwort. 2-4 ft. Y. 1 to 1-1/2 ins., 236

Water Cress. 1-3 ft. W. 1/4 in., 236

Marsh Yellow Cress. 1-2 ft. Y. 1/8 in., 237

Amphibious Yellow Cress. 2-3 ft. Y. 1/4 in., 237

Marsh Mallow. 2-3 ft. Ro. 1-3/8 in., 238

Marsh St. John's Wort. 6-12 ins. Y. 1/2 in., 238

Marsh Pea. 2-3 ft. Bl.Pu. 1/2 in., 239

Great Hairy Willow-herb. 3-6 ft. d.Ro. 7/8 in., 239

Marsh Willow-herb. 6-18 ins. P. 5/16 in., 240

Square-stalked Willow-herb. 1-2 ft. Ro. 3/8 in., 240

Purple Loosestrife. 2-4 ft. P. or Pu. 3/4 in., 240

Procumbent Marsh-wort. 2-3 ft. W. 1/16 in., 240

Water Hemlock. 3-4 ft. W. 1/16 in., 241

Common Water Dropwort. 2-3 ft. W. 3/16 in., 242

Hemlock Water Dropwort. 2-5 ft. W. 3/16 in., 242

Fine-leaved Water Dropwort. 1-4 ft. W. 1/8 in., 243

Marsh Thistle. 2-8 ft. Pu. or W. Heads 5/8 in., 243

Nodding Bur Marigold. 1-2 ft. G.Y. Heads 3/4 in., 244

Trifid Bur Marigold. 1-2 ft. G.Y. Heads 1/2 in., 244

Marsh Ragwort. 1-3 ft. Y. Heads 1 in., 244

Marsh Speedwell. 4-8 ins. p.P. or W. 5/16 in., 244

Water Speedwell. 1/2-2 ft. Li. or W. 3/16 in., 245

Brooklime. 1-2 ft. Bl. or P. 1/3 in., 245

Water Figwort. 2-4 ft. G.Br. or Pu. 1/4 in., 246

Knotted Figwort. 1-3 ft. G.Br. or Pu. 3/16 in., 246

Gipsy-wort. 1-3 ft. W. 1/8 in., 246

Round-leaved Mint. 1-3 ft. Li. 1/10 in., 247

Water Mint. 1-3 ft. Li. 1/8 in., 247

Marsh Whorled Mint. 2-5 ft. Li. 1/8 in., 248

Marsh Woundwort. 1-3 ft. p.Pu. or R. 3/8 in., 248

Forget-me-not. 12-18 ins. Bl. 3/8 in., 249

Creeping Water Scorpion-grass. 4-12 ins. Bl. 5/16 in., 249

Tufted Water Scorpion-grass. 5-18 ins. Bl. 3/16 in., 249

Bog Pimpernel. 3-4 ins. P. 3/8 in., 250

Water Pepper. 1-3 ft. P.G. 1/8 in., 250

Marsh Helleborine. 6-18 ins. W. 5/8 in., 250

Bog Asphodel. 6-10 ins. Y. 1/2 in., 251

Common Rush. 1-3 ft. Br. 1/8 in., 252

Hard Rush. 1-2 ft. Glossy Br. 1/8 in., 252

Shining-fruited Jointed Rush. 1-2 ft. Br. 1/8 in., 253

Toad Rush. 2-8 ins. Br. 1/10 in., 253

Common Cotton Grass., 254

Hare's-tail Cotton Grass., 255

Common Sedge., 256

Marsh Sedge., 256

13. HEATH, DOWN AND MOOR--SPRING AND SUMMER.

Milkwort. 2-9 ins. W. Li. or Bl. 3/16 in., 259

Trailing St. John's-wort. 3-10 ins. Y. 3/8 in., 260

Small St. John's wort. 12-20 ins. Y. 1/2 in., 260

Broom. 2-6 ft. Y. 7/8 in. (Shrub), 260

Furze. 2-5 ft. Y. 5/8 in. (Shrub), 260

Dwarf Furze. 1-2 ft. Y. 1/2 in. (Shrub), 261

Needle Whin. 1/2-2 ft. Y. 3/8 in. (Shrub), 262

Common Rest Harrow. 1-2 ft. Ro. 5/8 in., 262

Spiny Rest Harrow. 6-12 ins. Ro. 5/8 in., 262

Dropwort. 12-18 ins. W. 3/8 in., 262

Tormentil. 6-10 ins. Y. 5/16 in., 262

Blackberry. 2-10 ft. W. or P. 1 in., 263

Yellow Bedstraw. 1/2-2 ft. Y. or G. 1/8 in., 263

Smooth Heath Bedstraw. 4-6 ins. W. 1/8 in., 263

Upright Bedstraw. 1-2 ft. W. 1/8 in., 264

Small Woodruff. 6-10 ins. W. or P. 3/16 in., 264

Small Scabious. 1-2 ft. p.Pu. or Li. Heads 1-1/8 ins., 265

Hairy Hawkbit. 3-8 ins. Y. Heads 3/4 in., 266

Musk Thistle. 1-3 ft. Pu. or C. Heads 1-3/4 ins., 266

Dwarf Thistle. 1-8 ins. Pu. Heads 1-1/2 ins., 266

Carline Thistle. 6-18 ins. Y. and Pu. Heads 1-1/4 in., 267

Chamomile. 6-12 ins. Y. and W. Heads 7/8 in., 268

Harebell. 6-20 ins. Bl. 3/4 in., 269

Clustered Bell-flower. 3-18 ins. Bl. 5/8 in., 269

Sheep's-bit. 6-12 ins. Bl. or Li. Heads 5/8 in., 270

Cross-leaved Heath. 12-18 ins. Ro. or W. 1/8 in., 270

Ciliated Heath. 12-18 ins. Ro. or C. 1/8 in., 271

Bell Heather. 1-2 ft. Pu., Ro. or W. 1/8 in., 271

Ling. 1-2 ft. Ro., Li. or W. 1/8 in., 271

Whortleberry. 6-18 ins. P. or G. 3/16 in., 272

Great Bilberry. 6-10 ins. p.P. 1/8 in., 272

Red Whortleberry. 6-18 ins. p.P. 3/16 in., 272

Marsh Gentian. 6-10 ins. d.B. 7/8 in., 273

Small-flowered Gentian. 3-12 ins. p.Pu. 3/8 in., 273

Lesser Dodder. Parasitic on Heaths, &c., 341

Eyebright. 1-8 ins. P. or Li. 3/8 in., 274

Pennyroyal. 2-10 ins. Li. 1/8 in., 274

Wild Thyme. 2-8 ins. Pu. 3/16 in., 274

Wood Sage. 1-2 ft. G.W. 5/16 in., 274

Lesser Skull-cap. 3-6 ins. p.P. 3/16 in., 275

Dwarf Willow. 1-3 ft. (Shrub), 276

Juniper. 1-5 ft. (Shrub), 276

Autumnal Lady's Tresses. 4-8 ins. W. 3/16 in., 277

Spotted Orchis. 6-15 ins. Pu., Li. or W. 1/2 in., 277

Butcher's Broom. (Shrub). 3-4 ft. W. 1/6 in., 278

Heath Rush. 4-10 ins., 279

Field Woodrush. 4-7 ins., 279

Quaking Grass., 280

Mat Grass., 280

14. CORN FIELDS.

Pheasant's-eye. 6-12 ins. C. 5/16 in., 281

Mouse-tail. 2-6 ins. Y.G. 5/16 in., 281

Corn Crowfoot. 6-18 ins. p.Y. 3/8 in., 282

Field Larkspur. 9-18 ins. Bl., P., or W., 1 in., 282

Common Red Poppy. 1-2 ft. Sc. 2-3 ins., 283

Long-headed Poppy. 1-2 ft. Sc. 2 to 2-1/2 ins., 283

Long Prickly-headed Poppy. 6-10 ins. R. 1-1/4 to 1-1/2 ins., 283

Opium Poppy. 1-2 ft. W. or Bl. 2-1/4 to 2-1/2 ins., 284

Fumitory. 6-24 ins. P. or C. 1/16-3/16 in., 285

Wild Mustard. 1-2 ft. Y. 1/2 in., 286

White Mustard. 1-2 ft. Y. 3/8 in., 286

Black Mustard. 1-3 ft. Y. 3/8 to 1/2 in., 287

Wild Radish. 1-2 ft. W. Li., or p.Y., 3/4 in., 288

Corn Cockle. 1-3 ft. p.Pu., 1 in. or more., 289

Corn Spurrey. 6-18 ins. W. 1/4 in., 289

Common Flax. 12-18 ins. Bl. 7/8 in., 289

Shepherd's Needle. 3-12 ins. W. 1/16 in., 289

Field Madder. 5-10 ins. Li., 1/8 in., 290

Field Scabious. 1-4 ft. Li., Heads 1-1/2 in., 290

Corn Sow-thistle. 2-4 ft. Y. Heads 1-3/4 ins., 291

Corn Blue-bottle. 1-2 ft. Bl. Heads 1 in., 291

Corn Marigold. 12-18 ins. Y. Heads 1-1/4 in., 292

Corn Chamomile. 1-2 ft. Y. and W. Heads 1 in., 292

Stinking Chamomile. 9-15 ins. Y. and W. Heads 1 in., 293

Corn Bellflower. 6-10 ins. Pu.Bl. or W. 5/16 in., 293

Small Bugloss. 1/2-2 ft. p.Bl. 1/4 in., 294

Scarlet Pimpernel. 5-20 ins. Sc. 3/8 in., 294

Climbing Persicaria. 1-4 ft. p.G. 3/16 in., 295

Dwarf Spurge. 2-10 ins Y. 1/8 in., 295

Wild Oat Grass. 2-3 ft., 295

15. ON THE CHALK.

Pasque Flower. 5-8 ins. Pu. 1-1/4 to 1-1/2 in., 297

Round Prickly-headed Poppy. 12-18 ins. C. 1-2 ins., 297

Bitter Candytuft. 6-9 ins. W., Li., or R., 1/4 in., 298

Wild Mignonette. 1-2 ft. Y. 3/16 in., 298

Rock Rose. 3-9 ins. Y. 3/4-1 in., 298

Hoary Rock Rose. 5-8 ins. Y. 3/8 in., 298

Hairy Violet. 3-6 ins. p.Bl., or W. 5/8 in., 298

Perennial Flax. 1-2 ft. Bl. 1 in., 299

Narrow-leaved Flax. 1-2 ft. Li. or Bl. 3/8 in., 299

Sain-foin. 1-2 ft. Ro.R. 1/2 in., 299

Tufted Horse-shoe Vetch. 5-20 ins. Y. 5/16 in., 299

Sweet Briar. 3-6 ft. Ro. 1-1/4 to 1-1/2 in., 300

Lesser Burnet. 6-18 ins. Pu. 1/8 in. Heads 1/2 in., 302

Rough-fruited Corn Bedstraw. 1-3 ft. W. 1/8 in., 302

Red Spur Valerian. 1-3 ft. Ro.R. 3/16 in., 302

Woolly-headed Plume Thistle. 3-5 ft. p.Pu. Heads 2-1/2 ins., 303

Ploughman's Spikenard. 2-5 ft. Y. Heads 3/8 in., 303

Field Gentian. 4-10 ins. Bl. Pu. 7/16 in., 304

Yellow-wort. 6-20 ins. Y. 5/8 in., 304

Great Mullein. 2-5 ft. p.Y. or W. 3/4 in., 304

White Mullein. 2-3 ft. W. or Cr. 3/8 in., 305

Yellow Hoary Mullein. 2-3 ft. Y. 5/8 in., 305

Dark Mullein. 2-3 ft. Y. 1/2 in., 305

Spiked Speedwell. 6-12 ins. Bl., or P. 5/16 in., 305

Wild Sage. 1-2 ft. Bl.Pu. 3/16 in., 306

Red Hemp Nettle. 9-12 ins. Ro. 5/16 in., 306

Viper's Bugloss. 1-3 ft. Ro. or Bl.Pu. 1/2 in., 306

Purple Viper's Bugloss. 1-3 ft. Bl. 3/8 in., 307

Lamb's-tongue. 3-12 ins. G. 1/8 in. Spikes 2-4 ins., 307

Broad-leaved Helleborine. 1-3 ft. G. and Pu. 1/4 in., 308

Large White Helleborine. 6-20 ins. Cr.W. 3/4 in., 308

Pyramidal Orchis. 6-18 ins. Ro., or W. 5/16 in., 308

Sweet-scented Orchis. 12-18 ins. Ro. 3/8 in., 309

Green Man Orchis. 6-12 ins. G.Y. 5/8 in., 309

Green Musk Orchis. 5-6 ins. G. 1/2 in., 309

Bee Orchis. 6-12 ins. Pu., Br., and P. 5/8 in., 310

Late Spider Orchis. 6-12 ins. Pu. 5/8 in., 310

Spider Orchis. 6-10 ins. Pu.Br. 3/4 in., 310

Fly Orchis. 6-12 ins. Br.Pu., and Bl. 5/8 in., 310

Downy Oat Grass. 1-2 ft., 311

Yellow Oat Grass. 1-2 ft., 311

16. ON RIVER BANKS.

Common Meadow Rue. 1-4 ft. p.Y. 1/2 in., 312

Meadow Crane's-bill. 1-4 ft. Bl.Pu. 1 to 1-1/4 in., 312

Hemp Agrimony. 2-6 ft. Li. Flowers 1/8 in. in small heads., 313

Common Skull-cap. 8-16 ins. Bl. 1/4 in., 313

Comfrey. 2-3 ft. Y.W., or Pu. 3/8 in., 315

Yellow Loosestrife. 2-3 ft. Y. 5/8 in., 315

Purple Loosestrife. 2-4 ft. P. or Pu. 3/4 in., 240

Great Water Dock. 3-6 ft. R.G. 1/8 in., 317

Willows and Sallows., 317

17. ON WALLS, ROOFS, AND ROCKS.

Wallflower. 6-12 ins. Y. or O. 7/8 in., 320

Wall Rocket. 1-3 ft. p.Y. 5/8 in., 320

Vernal Sandwort. 2-4 ins. W. 3/8 in., 320

Shining Crane's-bill. 6-18 ins. Ro. 1/4 in., 320

English Stonecrop. 2-3 ins. W. or P. 5/16 in., 321

White Stonecrop. 3-7 ins. W. or P. 1/4 in., 322

Biting Stonecrop. 2-4 ins. Y. 1/2 in., 322

House Leek. 9-18 ins. Pu. or P. 3/4 in., 323

Wall Pennywort. 6-18 ins. Y.G. 3/16 in., 323

London Pride. 6-12 ins. W., or P. 1/4 in., 324

Starry Saxifrage. 3-7 ins. W. 7/16 in., 325

Yellow Mountain Saxifrage. 5-6 ins. Y. 5/8 in., 325

Rue-leaved Saxifrage. 3-5 ins. W. 1/8 in., 325

Mossy Saxifrage. 3-10 ins. W. 5/8 in., 326

Snapdragon. 1-2 ft. W. to C. 3/4 in., 326

Ivy-leaved Toadflax. 3-20 ins. Li. 3/16 in., 327

Wall Pellitory. 6-24 ins. G. 1/16 in., 327

18. AUTUMN FLOWERS.

(Most of the following flowers bloom during the summer, and have been
included in foregoing lists; but these, together with the few new
species named, may be seen in flower during the autumn months.)

Pheasant's-eye. 6-12 ins. C. 5/16 in. (Fields), 281

Hairy Crowfoot. 6-12 ins. Y. 3/4 in. (Fields), 212

Shepherd's Purse. 6-18 ins. W. 1/10 in. (Waysides), 81

Rock Rose. 3-9 ins. Y. 7/8 in. (Banks), 298

Chickweed. 3-12 ins. W. 3/16 in. (Waysides), 87

Herb Robert. 1-2 ft. P. 1/2 in. (Waysides), 90

Silver Weed. 6-12 ins. Y. 7/8 in. (Waysides), 165

Ivy. Climbing. p.G. 3/8 in. (Walls and Woods), 339

Yellow Bedstraw. 1/2-2 ft. Y. or G. 1/8 in. (Downs), 263

Small Scabious. 1-2 ft. Li. Heads 1-1/8 in. (Heaths), 265

Devil's-bit Scabious. 1-2 ft. Pu.Bl. Heads 3/4 in. (Pastures), 220

Field Scabious. 1-4 ft. Li. Heads 1-1/2 ins. (Fields), 290

Dandelion. 2-8 ins. Y. Heads 1-3/4 in. (Meadows, &c.), 116

Carline Thistle. 6-18 ins. Y. and Pu. Heads 1-1/4 in. (Downs), 267

Black Knapweed. 1/2-3 ft. Pu. Heads 1-1/4 in. (Meadows), 224

Great Knapweed. 2-3 ft. Pu., or W. Heads 2 in. (Fields), 225

Groundsel. 6-12 ins. Y. Heads 3/16 in. (Waysides), 98

Fleabane. 6-24 ins. Y. Heads 7/8 in. (Moist places), 225

Daisy. 2-6 ins. Y. and W. Heads 3/4 in. (Pastures), 116

Scentless Mayweed. 1-2 ft. Y., and W. Heads 1-1/4-2 ins.
(Waysides), 188

Chamomile. 6-12 ins. Y. and W. Heads 7/8 in. (Waysides), 268

Milfoil. 8-18 ins. W. Heads 5/16 in. (Waysides), 189

Ling. 1-2 ft. Ro. or W. 1/8 in. (Moors), 271

Fine-leaved Heath. 1-2 ft. P. or W. 1/8 in. (Moors), 271

Strawberry Tree. 8-12 ft. Cr. 3/16 in. (Woods--Ireland), 338

Dark Mullein. 2-3 ft. Y. 1/2 in. (On chalk), 305

Yellow Toadflax. 1-3 ft. Y. 3/8 in. (Waysides, fields), 195

Wild Clary or Sage. 1-2 ft. Bl.Pu. 3/16 in. (On chalk), 306

White Dead Nettle. 6-20 ins. W. 5/8 in. (Waste places), 102

Red Dead Nettle. 6-18 ins. Pu. 1/4 in. (Waste places), 103

Red Hemp Nettle. 8-12 ins. Ro. 5/16 in. (Fields, &c.), 306

White Goose-foot. 1-3 ft. G. 1/10 in. (Waste places), 204

Halberd-leaved Orache. 1/2-3 ft. G. 1/16. (Waste places), 204

Spotted Persicaria. 1-2 ft. Ro. and G. 1/8 in. (Wastes), 205

Knot-grass. 1-2 ft. Variable. 1/8 in. (Waste places), 206

Petty Spurge. 6-12 ins. Y. 1/6 in. (Waste places), 208

Wall Pellitory. 1/2-2 ft. G. 1/16 in. (Walls), 327

Annual Meadow Grass. 3-10 ins., 107

19. PARASITIC PLANTS.

Greater Dodder--On Hops, Nettles, and Trees., 341

Flax Dodder--On Flax., 341

Lesser Dodder--On Thyme, Ling, &c., 341

Clover Dodder--On Clover., 341

Toothwort--On roots of Trees., 344

Great Broomrape--On roots of Furze and Broom., 345

Clove Broomrape--On roots of Bedstraw., 345

Tall Broomrape--On roots of Knapweed., 346

Least Broomrape--On various roots., 346

Mistletoe--On branches of Trees., 346

Eyebright--On roots of Grasses, &c., 349

Yellow Rattle--On roots of Grasses, &c., 349

Cow-wheat--On roots of Grasses, &c., 349

Lousewort--On roots of Grasses, &c., 349

20. CARNIVOROUS PLANTS.

Bladderworts--Aquatic., 350

Tooth-wort--At roots of Trees., 351

Butterworts--Marshes., 353

Sundews--Marshes., 353

LIST OF FLOWERS

CLASSIFIED ACCORDING TO THEIR ORDERS AND GENERA

RANUNCULACEÆ

PAGE
_Clematis Vitalba_, 151
_Thalictrum flavum_, 312
_Anemone Pulsatilla_, 297
" _nemorosa_, 48
_Adonis autumnalis_, 281
_Myosurus minimus_, 281
_Ranunculus Ficaria_, 108
" _Lingua_, 236
" _Flammula_, 236
" _auricomus_, 50
" _acris_, 211
" _repens_, 109
" _bulbosus_, 110
" _hirsutus_, 212
" _arvensis_, 282
_Caltha palustris_, 123
_Helleborus viridis_, 49
" _foetidus_, 49
_Aquilegia vulgaris_, 50
_Delphinium Ajacis_, 282

BERBERACEÆ

_Berberis vulgaris_, 61

PAPAVERACEÆ

_Papaver hybridum_, 297
" _Argemone_, 283
" _dubium_, 283
" _Rhoeas_, 283
" _somniferum_, 284
_Chelidonium majus_, 81

FUMARIACEÆ

_Fumaria officinalis_, 285

CRUCIFERÆ

_Thlaspi arvense_, 110
_Capsella Bursa-pastoris_, 81
_Iberis amara_, 298
_Cochlearia officinalis_, 82
_Draba verna_, 82
_Camelina sativa_, 212
_Cardamine pratensis_, 111
_Barbarea vulgaris_, 83
" _præcox_, 84
_Nasturtium officinale_, 236
" _palustre_, 237
" _amphibium_, 237
_Sisymbrium officinale_, 152
" _Sophia_, 152
" _Thaliana_, 84
" _alliaria_, 84
_Cheiranthus cheiri_, 320
_Brassica napus_, 85
" _Rapa_, 85
" _arvensis_, 286
" _alba_, 286
" _nigra_, 287
_Diplotaxis tenuifolia_, 320
_Raphanus Raphanistrum_, 288

RESEDACEÆ

_Reseda luteola_, 153
" _lutea_, 298

CISTACEÆ

_Helianthemum vulgare_, 298
" _canum_, 298

VIOLACEÆ

_Viola palustris_, 123
" _odorata_, 85
" _hirta_, 298
" _canina_, 50
" _tricolor_, 111

DROSERACEÆ

_Drosera rotundifolia_, 355
" _intermedia_, 355
" _anglica_, 355

POLYGALACEÆ

_Polygala vulgaris_, 259

CARYOPHYLLACEÆ

_Dianthus Armeria_, 153
_Silene inflata_, 213
_Lychnis Flos-cuculi_, 112
" _diurna_, 153
" _vespertina_, 213
" _Githago_, 289
_Sagina ciliata_, 85
" _procumbens_, 85
_Spergula arvensis_, 289
_Stellaria media_, 87
" _Holostea_, 86
" _glauca_, 124
" _graminea_, 87
" _uliginosa_, 124
_Arenaria verna_, 320
_Cerastium glomeratum_, 88
" _triviale_, 88

LINACEÆ

_Linum usitatissimum_, 289
" _perenne_, 299
" _angustifolium_, 299

MALVACEÆ

_Malva moschata_, 156
" _sylvestris_, 155
" _rotundifolia_, 155
_Althæa officinalis_, 238

TILIACEÆ

_Tilia vulgaris_, 130

HYPERICACEÆ

_Hypericum Androsæmum_, 132
" _calycinum_, 132
" _perforatum_, 132
" _humifusum_, 260
" _pulchrum_, 260
" _hirsutum_, 13
" _Elodes_, 238

ACERACEÆ

_Acer campestre_, 63
" _Pseudo-platanus_, 62

GERANIACEÆ

_Geranium sanguineum_, 158
" _sylvaticum_, 133
" _pratense_, 312
" _rotundifolium_, 158
" _pusillum_, 158
" _molle_, 89
" _dissectum_, 89
" _Robertianum_, 90
" _lucidum_, 320
_Erodium cicutarium_, 160

OXALIDACEÆ

_Oxalis Acetosella_, 52

CELASTRACEÆ

_Euonymus europæus_, 64

LEGUMINOSÆ

_Sarothamus scoparius_, 260
_Ulex europæus_, 260
" _nanus_, 261
_Genista tinctoria_, 134
" _anglica_, 262
_Ononis arvensis_, 262
" _spinosa_, 262
_Anthyllis Vulneraria_, 214
_Medicago sativa_, 215
" _lupulina_, 90
" _maculata_, 112
" _denticulata_, 112
_Melilotus officinalis_, 215
_Trifolium subterraneum_, 113
" _glomeratum_, 216
" _hybridum_, 113
" _repens_, 113
" _fragiferum_, 216
" _arvense_, 217
" _incarnatum_, 217
" _pratense_, 113
" _procumbens_, 217
" _minus_, 218
_Lotus corniculatus_, 160
_Astragalus glycyphyllos_, 135
_Ornithopus perpusillus_, 92
_Hippocrepis comosa_, 299
_Onobrychis sativa_, 299
_Vicia Cracca_, 162
" _lathyroides_, 114
" _sativa_, 115
" _sepium_, 92
" _hirsuta_, 161
" _tetrasperma_, 161
_Lathyrus Nissolia_, 92
" _pratensis_, 218
" _sylvestris_, 136
" _macrorrhizus_, 135
" _palustris_, 239

ROSACEÆ

_Prunus spinosa_, 65
" _insititia_, 66
" _Padus_, 64
" _Cerasus_, 64
" _Avium_, 65
_Spiræa Ulmaria_, 218
" _Filipendula_, 262
_Geum urbanum_, 164
_Potentilla anserina_, 165
" _argentea_, 166
" _reptans_, 166
" _Tormentilla_, 262
" _Fragariastrum_, 93
_Comarum palustre_, 124
_Fragaria vesca_, 53
_Rubus Idæus_, 136
" _fruticosus_, 263
_Rosa rubiginosa_, 300
" _canina_, 164
_Agrimonia Eupatoria_, 166
_Sanguisorba officinalis_, 218
_Poterium Sanguisorba_, 302
_Alchemilla vulgaris_, 218
_Cratægus Oxyacantha_, 66
_Pyrus communis_, 66
" _Malus_, 66
" _torminalis_, 67
" _Aria_, 68
" _Aucuparia_, 68

ONAGRACEÆ

_Epilobium angustifolium_, 137
" _hirsutum_, 239
" _montanum_, 166
" _roseum_, 137
" _palustre_, 240
" _tetragonum_, 240
_Circæa lutetiana_, 138

LYTHRACEÆ

_Lythrum Salicaria_, 240

CUCURBITACEÆ

_Bryonia dioica_, 94

GROSSULARIACEÆ

_Ribes nigrum_, 69
" _rubrum_, 69

CRASSULACEÆ

_Sedum Telephium_, 166
" _anglicum_, 321
" _album_, 322
" _acre_, 322
_Sempervivum tectorum_, 323
_Cotyledon umbilicus_, 323

SAXIFRAGACEÆ

_Saxifraga umbrosa_, 324
" _stellaris_, 325
" _aizoides_, 325
" _granulata_, 115
" _tridactylites_, 325
" _hypnoides_, 326
_Chrysosplenium oppositifolium_, 125
" _alternifolium_, 125

ARALIACEÆ

_Adoxa Moschatellina_, 93
_Hedera Helix_, 339

CORNACEÆ

_Cornus sanguinea_, 138

UMBELLIFERÆ

_Cicuta virosa_, 241
_Hydrocotyle vulgaris_, 126
_Sanicula europæa_, 139
_Conium maculatum_, 169
_Helosciadium nodiflorum_, 240
_Ægopodium Podagraria_, 96
_Bunium flexuosum_, 116
_Pimpinella Saxifraga_, 219
_[OE]nanthe fistulosa_, 242
" _crocata_, 242
" _Phellandrium_, 243
_Æthusa cynapium_, 170
_Angelica sylvestris_, 139
_Pastinaca sativa_, 170
_Heracleum Sphondylium_, 170
_Daucus Carota_, 220
_Torilis Anthriscus_, 171
_Scandix Pecten-veneris_, 289
_Anthriscus vulgaris_, 95
" _sylvestris_, 95
" _cerefolium_, 96
_Chærophyllum temulum_, 171

LORANTHACEÆ

_Viscum album_, 346

CAPRIFOLIACEÆ

_Sambucus nigra_, 140
_Viburnum Opulus_, 141
" _Lantana_, 69
_Lonicera Periclymenum_, 172
" _Caprifolium_, 172
" _Xylosteum_, 172

RUBIACEÆ

_Galium verum_, 263
" _Cruciatum_, 97
" _saxatile_, 263
" _erectum_, 264
" _Mollugo_, 172
" _Aparine_, 173
" _tricorne_, 302
_Sherardia arvensis_, 290
_Asperula odorata_, 54
" _cynanchica_, 265

VALERIANACEÆ

_Centranthus ruber_, 302
_Valeriana dioica_, 126
" _officinalis_, 142

DIPSACEÆ

_Dipsacus sylvestris_, 173
_Scabiosa succisa_, 220
" _Columbaria_, 265
_Knautia arvensis_, 290

COMPOSITÆ

_Tragopogon pratensis_, 177
_Helminthia echioides_, 177
_Picris hieracioides_, 178
_Leontodon hirtus_, 266
" _hispidus_, 222
" _autumnalis_, 223
_Lactuca virosa_, 178
" _Scariola_, 179
_Sonchus arvensis_, 291
" _asper_, 180
" _oleraceus_, 179
_Crepis virens_, 180
_Hieracium Pilosella_, 98
" _boreale_, 181
_Taraxacum officinale_, 116
_Lapsana communis_, 181
_Cichorium Intybus_, 182
_Arctium Lappa_, 182
_Serratula tinctoria_, 142
_Carduus nutans_, 266
" _crispus_, 183
" _lanceolatus_, 183
" _eriophorus_, 303
" _palustris_, 243
" _arvensis_, 184
" _pratensis_, 224
" _acaulis_, 266
_Carlina vulgaris_, 267
_Centaurea nigra_, 224
" _Cyanus_, 291
" _Scabiosa_, 225
_Bidens cernua_, 244
" _tripartita_, 244
_Eupatorium cannabinum_, 313
_Tanacetum vulgare_, 185
_Artemisia Absinthium_, 186
" _vulgaris_, 185
_Petasites vulgaris_, 117
_Tussilago Farfara_, 98
_Solidago Virga-aurea_, 142
_Senecio vulgaris_, 98
" _Jacobæa_, 187
" _aquaticus_, 244
_Doronicum Pardalianches_, 143
" _plantagineum_, 143
_Inula Conyza_, 303
" _dysenterica_, 225
" _Pulicaria_, 226
_Bellis perennis_, 116
_Chrysanthemum segetum_, 292
" _Leucanthemum_, 227
_Matricaria Parthenium_, 187
" _inodora_, 188
_Anthemis nobilis_, 268
" _arvensis_, 292
" _Cotula_, 293
_Achillea Ptarmica_, 227
" _millefolium_, 189

CAMPANULACEÆ

_Campanula rotundifolia_, 269
" _Rapunculus_, 190
" _latifolia_, 144
" _Rapunculoides_, 144
" _Trachelium_, 144
" _glomerata_, 269
" _hederacea_, 144
" _hybrida_, 293
_Jasione montana_, 270

ERICACEÆ

_Erica Tetralix_, 270
" _ciliaris_, 271
" _cinerea_, 271
_Calluna vulgaris_, 271

VACCINIACEÆ (often included in the ERICACEÆ)

_Vaccinium Myrtillus_, 272
" _uliginosum_, 272
" _Vitis-idæa_, 272

AQUIFOLIACEÆ

_Ilex Aquifolium_, 145

OLEACEÆ

_Ligustrum vulgare_, 145
_Fraxinus excelsior_, 69

APOCYNACEÆ

_Vinca minor_, 54
" _major_, 54

GENTIANACEÆ

_Gentiana Pneumonanthe_, 273
" _Amarella_, 273
" _campestris_, 304
_Erythræa Centaurium_, 227
_Chlora perfoliata_, 304
_Menyanthes trifoliata_, 127

CONVOLVULACEÆ

_Convolvulus arvensis_, 228
" _sepium_, 190
_Cuscuta europæa_, 341
" _Epilinum_, 341
" _Epithymum_, 341
" _Trifolii_, 341

SOLANACEÆ

_Hyoscyamus niger_, 191
_Solanum nigrum_, 192
" _Dulcamara_, 192
_Atropa belladonna_, 194

SCROPHULARIACEÆ

_Verbascum Thapsus_, 304
" _Lychnitis_, 305
" _pulverulentum_, 305
" _nigrum_, 305
_Veronica spicata_, 305
" _serpyllifolia_, 100
" _scutellata_, 244
" _Anagallis_, 245
" _Beccabunga_, 245
" _officinalis_, 100
" _Chamædrys_, 100
" _arvensis_, 101
" _agrestis_, 102
" _polita_, 101
_Bartsia Odontites_, 195
_Euphrasia officinalis_, 274, 349
_Rhinanthus Crista-galli_, 118, 349
_Melampyrum cristatum_, 147
" _pratense_, 146, 349
" _sylvaticum_, 147
_Pedicularis palustris_, 127
" _sylvatica_, 118, 349
_Scrophularia nodosa_, 246
" _aquatica_, 246
_Digitalis purpurea_, 148
_Antirrhinum majus_, 326
_Linaria Cymbalaria_, 327
" _vulgaris_, 195

OROBANCHACEÆ

_Orobanche Rapum_, 345
" _caryophyllacea_, 345
" _elatior_, 346
" _minor_, 346
_Lathræa squamaria_, 54, 344

VERBENACEÆ

_Verbena officinalis_, 196

LABIATÆ

_Salvia Verbenaca_, 306
" _pratensis_, 229
_Lycopus europæus_, 246
_Mentha rotundifolia_, 247
" _aquatica_, 247
" _sativa_, 248
" _Pulegium_, 274
_Thymus Serpyllum_, 274
_Origanum vulgare_, 231
_Calamintha officinalis_, 198
" _Nepeta_, 198
_Melissa officinalis_, 198
_Teucrium Scorodonia_, 274
_Ajuga reptans_, 55
_Ballota nigra_, 199
_Lamium album_, 102
" _Galeobdolon_, 55
" _amplexicaule_, 119
" _purpureum_, 103
" _incisum_, 103
_Galeopsis Ladanum_, 306
_Stachys Betonica_, 149
" _sylvatica_, 199
" _palustris_, 248
_Nepeta Glechoma_, 104
_Prunella vulgaris_, 232
_Scutellaria galericulata_, 313
" _minor_, 275

BORAGINACEÆ

_Myosotis palustris_, 249
" _repens_, 249
" _cæspitosa_, 249
" _sylvatica_, 150
" _arvensis_, 200
" _versicolor_, 119
" _collina_, 104
_Lithospermum officinale_, 200
_Symphytum officinale_, 315
_Borago officinalis_, 200
_Anchusa officinalis_, 201
" _sempervirens_, 201
_Lycopsis arvensis_, 294
_Cynoglossum officinale_, 201
_Echium vulgare_, 306
" _Plantagineum_, 307

LENTIBULACEÆ

_Pinguicula vulgaris_, 353
" _alpina_, 354
" _lusitanica_, 354
_Utricularia vulgaris_, 351
" _minor_, 351
" _intermedia_, 351

PRIMULACEÆ

_Primula vulgaris_, 56
" _veris_, 120
_Lysimachia vulgaris_, 315
" _nemorum_, 105
_Anagallis arvensis_, 294
" _tenella_, 250

PLANTAGINACEÆ

_Plantago major_, 232
" _media_, 307
" _lanceolata_, 233
" _Coronopus_, 202

CHENOPODIACEÆ

_Chenopodium olidum_, 203
" _polyspermum_, 203
" _urbicum_, 203
" _album_, 204
" _ficifolium_, 204
" _rubrum_, 204
" _Bonus-henricus_, 204
_Atriplex patula_, 204

POLYGONACEÆ

_Polygonum Persicaria_, 205
" _lapathifolium_, 206
" _Hydropiper_, 250
" _aviculare_, 206
" _Convolvulus_, 295
_Rumex obtusifolius_, 206
" _crispus_, 207
" _Hydrolapathum_, 317
" _Acetosa_, 120
" _Acetosella_, 121

THYMELACEÆ

_Daphne Laureola_, 70
" _Mezereum_, 70

EUPHORBIACEÆ

_Euphorbia Helioscopia_, 208
" _Peplus_, 208
" _exigua_, 295
_Mercurialis perennis_, 105

URTICACEÆ

_Urtica dioica_, 209
" _urens_, 209
" _pilulifera_, 209
_Parietaria officinalis_, 327
_Humulus Lupulus_, 210

ULMACEÆ

_Ulmus campestris_, 71
" _montana_, 71

CUPULIFERÆ

_Quercus Robur_, 72
_Fagus sylvatica_, 73
_Carpinus Betulus_, 74
_Corylus Avellana_, 74

BETULACEÆ

_Betula alba_, 75
" _nana_, 75
_Alnus glutinosa_, 75

SALICACEÆ

_Populus nigra_, 77
" _tremula_, 76
" _canescens_, 76
" _alba_, 76
_Salix_, (_Willows_) 28, 276, 317

CONIFERÆ

_Pinus sylvestris_, 77
_Juniperus communis_, 276
_Taxus baccata_, 79

ORCHIDACEÆ

_Spiranthes autumnalis_, 277
_Listera ovata_, 121
_Epipactis latifolia_, 308
" _palustris_, 250
_Orchis Morio_, 122
" _mascula_, 122
" _maculata_, 277
" _latifolia_, 233
" _pyramidalis_, 308
_Gymnadenia conopsea_, 309
_Habenaria bifolia_, 234
_Aceras anthropophora_, 309
_Herminium Monorchis_, 309
_Ophrys apifera_, 310
" _aranifera_, 310
" _muscifera_, 310
_Cypripedium Calceolus_, 58

IRIDACEÆ

_Iris Pseudacorus_, 129

AMARYLLIDACEÆ

_Narcissus Pseudo-narcissus_, 48

LILIACEÆ

_Allium Scorodoprasum_, 59
" _ursinum_, 59
_Ornithogalum umbellatum_, 59
_Hyacinthus nonscriptus_, 60
_Ruscus aculeatus_, 278

DIOSCOREACEÆ

_Tamus communis_, 106

ARACEÆ

_Arum maculatum_, 106

JUNCACEÆ

_Narthecium ossifragum_, 251
_Juncus communis_, 252
" _glaucus_, 252
" _lamprocarpus_, 253
" _bufonius_, 253
" _squarrosus_, 279
_Luzula campestris_, 279

CYPERACEÆ

_Eriophorum polystachyon_, 254
" _vaginatum_, 255
_Carex vulgaris_, 256
" _paludosa_, 256
" _hirta_, 60

GRAMINEÆ

_Phalaris canariensis_, 210
_Phleum pratense_, 233
_Alopecurus pratensis_, 122
_Milium effusum_, 150
_Avena fatua_, 295
_Melica uniflora_, 60
_Poa annua_, 107
_Briza media_, 280
_Festuca ovina_, 234
_Brachypodium sylvaticum_, 150
_Triticum caninum_, 150
_Lolium perenne_, 234
_Hordeum pratense_, 233
_Nardus stricta_, 280

GLOSSARIAL INDEX

PAGE

ACHENE. A dry fruit that does not open, 13

ACUTE. Sharp.

ANTHER. The case at the top of the stamen containing
the pollen, 9

AXIL. The angle formed between leaf-stalk and stem.

AXILLARY. Situated in an axil, 6

BAST. Inner bark.

BERRY. A pulpy fruit containing several seeds, 13

BICRENATE. Doubly notched, 6

BIFID. Divided into two parts.

BISEXUAL. Including both male and female organs, 11

BRACT. A leaf or scale between flower and leaf, 10

BRACTEATE. Provided with one or more bracts, 10

CALYX. The outer whorl of a complete flower, 9

CAPITULUM. A head of flowers, 9, 175

CAPSULE. A term applied to some fruits which open, 13

CARPELS. Central parts of a perfect flower, 10

CATKIN. A spike of imperfect flowers, 12

CHLOROPHYLL. The green colouring matter of plants.

COMPOSITE FLOWER. A head of 'florets' all sessile
on a common receptacle, 175

CORDATE. Heart-shaped, 7

COROLLA. The second whorl of a complete flower, 9

CORYMB. A cluster of stalked flowers, the flowers
being all at one level, 8

COTYLEDONS. The lobes of the embryo plant, afterwards
forming the 'seed-leaves', 13, 47

CRENATE. Notched.

CUPULE. A cup, formed of bracts, surrounding a fruit.

CYME. An arrangement of stalked flowers in which the
terminal or central one is the first to open, 9

DECIDUOUS. Falling off. Applied to leaves, parts of
flowers, &c.

DEHISCENT. Splitting. Applied to fruits which open
when ripe, 12

DICOTYLEDON. A plant with two cotyledons in the embryo, 13

DIGITATE. Divided into finger-like lobes, 7

DISC. A fleshy ring or cup between the base of the
stamens and that of the ovary.

DRUPE. A stone-fruit, 13

ENTIRE. Not divided, 6

EPIDERMIS. The outer skin of a plant

EXSTIPULATE. Without stipules, 5

FILAMENT. The stalk which bears the anther of the stamen, 9

FOLLICLE. A fruit which opens, when ripe, on one
side only, 13

FRUIT. The ripened ovary of the flower, 12

GLUMES. The scaly bracts of sedges and grasses.

HERBACEOUS. Green--not woody.

HYBRID. The offspring of two different species.

IMPERFECT FLOWER. A flower which does not possess both
stamens and pistil, 12

INDEHISCENT. Not splitting. Applied to fruits that do
not open when ripe, 12

INFERIOR. Below. Applied to the ovary when the calyx
adheres to it; and to the calyx when it is free from and
below the ovary, 6

INFLORESCENCE. The arrangement of flowers, 10

INVOLUCRE. A whorl of bracts surrounding a single flower
or a flower-head.

LABIATE. Lipped. Applied to the calyx or the corolla of
a flower when it is divided into two lips.

LANCEOLATE. Long and narrow, like a lance-head, 7

LEAFLET. One of the distinct parts of a compound leaf, 5

LEAVES--COMPOUND. Leaves which are divided, quite to the
midrib, into distinct parts, 5

LEAVES--SIMPLE. Leaves which are not divided quite
to the middle, 5

LEGUME. A pod--a fruit of one cell which splits, when
ripe, on both sides, 12

LIGULATE. Strap-shaped, 176

LINEAR. Long and very narrow, 7

LYRATE. A term applied to a leaf which has a rounded,
terminal lobe and several lobes below.

MICROPYLE. A small opening in the ovule or seed, 26

MIDRIB. The central vein of a leaf--a continuation
of the stalk through the blade.

MONOCOTYLEDON. A plant which has only one cotyledon
in its embryo, 13

NECTARY. A gland that produces nectar.

NODE. The junction of leaf and stem.

NUT. A dry fruit which does not split, 13

OBCORDATE. Inversely heart-shaped, 7

OBOVATE. Inversely egg-shaped, 7

OBTUSE. Blunt.

ORBICULAR. Round, 7

OVARY. The part of the pistil which forms the fruit, 10

OVATE. Egg-shaped, 7

OVULE. The unripened seed within the ovary, 10

PALMATE. A term applied to simple leaves with spreading
divisions that radiate from one point, 7

PANICLE. A compound raceme, 9

PAPPUS. A hairy calyx, which often grows into a silky
tuft on the summit of the fruit, 176

PEDICEL. A secondary flower-stalk of a cluster of flowers, 8

PEDUNCLE. The flower-stalk, 6

PERFECT FLOWER. A flower with both stamens and pistil, 11

PERIANTH. The parts of the flower outside the stamens,
or outside the pistil if stamens are absent, 11

PERSISTENT. Applied to parts of a flower when they do
not wither and fall.

PETAL. One of the divisions of the corolla of a flower, 9

PETIOLE. The leaf-stalk, 5

PINNATE. Applied to a compound leaf when its leaflets
are arranged along the midrib on each side, 7

PINNATIFID. A term applied to simple leaves when they
are deeply divided into lateral lobes, 7

PISTIL. The inner part or whorl of a complete flower, 10

PISTILLATE. Applied to a flower when it has a pistil
and no stamens, 12

PLACENTA. The part of the ovary to which the ovules
are attached, 10

POD. _See_ LEGUME.

POLLEN. The cellular dust discharged by the anthers, 9, 25

POLLINATION. The transfer of pollen from anther
to stigma, 26

RACEME. An inflorescence in which the flowers are
stalked along a common axis, 8

RADICAL. Growing direct from a point near the summit
of the root, 4

RAY. The outer, spreading florets of a composite flower, 175

RECEPTACLE. The enlarged upper part of a flower-stalk
that gives attachment to the parts of the flower.

SAGITTATE. Arrow-shaped, 7

SAMARA. A winged fruit, 13

SEPAL. A part of the outer whorl (calyx) of a complete
flower, 9

SERRATE. Sawlike, 6

SESSILE. Without a stalk, 5, 6

SILICULA. A fruit resembling a siliqua, but shorter
and broader, 12

SILIQUA. A pod-like fruit with two valves that separate
from a central membrane to which the seeds are attached, 12

SOLITARY. Arranged singly, 8

SPATHULATE. Spoon-shaped, 7

SPIKE. An inflorescence in which the flowers are sessile
along a common axis, 8

STAMENS. The flower organs that produce the pollen, 9

STAMINATE. Applied to a flower that has stamens but
no pistil, 12

STIGMA. The part of the pistil which receives the pollen, 10

STIPULATE. Having stipules, 4

STIPULES. Scaly or leafy organs at the base of a leaf, 4

STOMATA. The openings in the epidermis of plants, 318

STYLE. The stalk that supports the stigma, 10

SUPERIOR. Above. Applied to the calyx when it is on
the ovary, and to the ovary when it is free from the
calyx or perianth, 10

TERNATE. Consisting of three parts, 7

UMBEL. An inflorescence in which the flower-stalks all
radiate from one point, 9

WHORL. A term applied to organs or parts arranged around
a common centre, 5

THE END

PRINTED BY
SPOTTISWOODE AND CO. LTD., COLCHESTER
LONDON AND ETON

* * * * *

Transcriber's note:

Inconsistent hyphenation in the original has been retained in this version.

P. 24 "net veneid" changed to "net veined"

P. 40 "Lombardy Polar" changed to Lombardy Poplar

P. 75 "which peals off" changed to peels off

P. 78 "and peals off" changed to peels

P. 81 "of a glaucus green" changed to glaucous

P. 93 "Wild Strawbery" changed to Strawberry

P. 94 "Caprifoliacæ" changed to Caprifoliaceæ

P. 118 "stems each bears a" changed to bear

P. 119 "It leaves are" changed to Its

P. 124 "Glancous" changed to Glaucous

P. 207 "is usually nubranched" changed to unbranched

P. 228 "Convolvulacæ" changed to Convolvulaceæ

Plate VI caption. "Spring Rest Harrow" changed to "Spiny Rest Harrow" as detailed in the Erratum.

P. 265 "which is somewhat resembles" changed to it

P. 272 "Vacciniam" changed to Vaccinium

P. 272 "Crowberry" changed to Cowberry

P. 304 "Great Mullien" changed to Mullein

P. 367 et seq. Section numbers corrected - 11 was omitted in original

P. 368 Added 253 to entry "Toad Rush"