Chapter XXXV: Book V: , Pausanias says he is proceeding north from the Council-house (12)

[2510] Attalos won ἅρματι πώλων some time during the reign of his older brother Philetairos, founder of the Attalid dynasty, _i. e._, between Ols. 124 and 129 (= 284 and 264 B. C.): see Foerster, 436. An epigram of the philosopher Arkesilaos of Pitane (mentioned by Foerster), celebrating the chariot-race of this Attalos, is preserved by Diog. Laert., IV, 6.30; _cf._ Fraenkel on the inscription, no. 10 (see next note).

[2511] _Inschr v. Pergamon_ (ed. Fraenkel), 1890, I, nos. 10-12; _cf._ _I. G. B._, no. 157.

[2512] He won παγκράτιον ἀνδρῶν in Ol. 211 (= 67 A. D.): P., X, 36.9.

[2513] _A. Z._, XL, 1882, p. 110.

[2514] P., VI, 22.2.

[2515] _Ibid._

[2516] P., VI, 22.3; 4.2; _cf._ 8.3 (where Eubotas won τεθρίππῳ, no. 17 _supra_).

[2517] V, pp. 454-455; _cf._ Hitz.-Bluemn., III, 2, p. 829.

[2518] _Vit. Apoll. Tyan._, V, 7.

[2519] Suetonius, _Nero_, 24; Dio Cassius, LXIII, 14. Foerster, 642-647.

[2520] _Cf._ also Schubart, Pausanias u. seine Anklaeger, _Jb. f. cl. Philologie_, XXIX, 1883, pp. 472 f.; Brunn, _ibid._, XXX, 1884, p. 24; and Foerster, 641 and under no. 638.

[2521] T. Phlabios Artemidoros won παγκράτιον twice. He was also περιοδονίκης. The _Magna Capitolia_, in which he was also victor, were instituted by Domitian in 86 A. D.; Foerster, 657, 661, proposes Ols. (?) 215 and 216 (= 81 and 85 A. D.) for the two victories.

[2522] _C. I. G._, III, 5806; Kaibel, _Inscript. Gr. Sicil. et Ital._, 1890, no. 746.

[2523] T. Phlabios Metrobios won δόλιχος, first of his countrymen, in Ol. 217 (= 89 A. D.): _cf._ Boeckh on the inscription (see next note) and Rutgers, p. 91, n. 2; Foerster, 665. He was also περιοδονίκης and won δόλιχος at the _Capitolia_ in Rome, as “first of all men.”

[2524] _C. I. G._, II, 2682.

[2525] Sarapion won πὺξ παίδων in Ol. 217 (= 89 A. D.): P., VI, 23.6. _Cf._ Foerster, 667; Rutgers, p. 91, n. 3, who doubts whether Sarapion was an Olympic victor, though Pausanias says that he was.

[2526] _I. e._, Sarapion, from Alexandria, who won στάδιον in Ol. 204 (= 37 A. D.): Afr.; Foerster, 620; Rutgers, p. 86; another Sarapion, from Alexandria, who, Pausanias (V. 21.18) says, came to Olympia in Ol. 201 (= 25 A. D.) to enter the παγκράτιον, but ran away the day before the contest and was fined for cowardice; Sarapion of Magnesia ad Sipylum, victor in an unknown contest and at an unknown date, known from an inscription from Tralles: _C. I. G._, II, 2933; Foerster, 824; Rutgers, p. 156.

[2527] M. Aurelios Demetrios won παγκράτιον some time before his son’s victory in the same contest in Ol. 240 (= 181 A. D.), as we learn from the inscription mentioned in the next note; _cf._ Rutgers, p. 96; Foerster, 719. Foerster, 682, therefore proposes Ol. (?) 225 (= 121 A. D.) for the father’s victory; _cf._ Rutgers, p. 122. Both father and son were περιοδονῖκαι. The father was called ὁ παράδοξος.

[2528] _C. I. G._, III, 5912, 5913, and 5914; Kaibel, _Inscript. Gr. Sicil. et Ital._, 1102-1104.

[2529] This victor won πάλη ἀνδρῶν, first of his countrymen, in Ol. 229 (= 137 A. D.); date from the inscription (see next note); Foerster, 691.

[2530] _B. C. H._, XI, 1887, pp. 80 f. (P. Foucart).

[2531] Kranaos won στάδιον in Ol. 231 (= 145 A. D.): Afr.; and πένταθλον twice, δίαυλος once, and as ὁπλίτης once, according to Pausanias (II, 11.8), but in unknown Olympiads: Foerster, 697, 702-703, 707-708. He dates the four last victories in Ols. (?) 232 and 233 (= 149 and 153 A. D.).

Most writers have identified the Granianos of Pausanias with Kranaos of Africanus, as both are from Sikyon; _cf._ Rutgers, p. 94 and n. 1. Kalkmann, _Pausanias der Perieget_, p. 74, note 6, however, is doubtful of the identification.

[2532] T. Ailios Aurelios Apollonios won as κῆρυξ during the reign of Antoninus Pius (= 138-161 A. D.): _cf._ Dittenberger on the inscription (see next note). Foerster, 700, proposes Ol. (?) 231 (= 145 A. D.). He was περιοδονίκης.

[2533] _C. I. A._, III, 120 (Dittenberger).

[2534] Mnasiboulos won στάδιον in Ol. 235 (= 161 A. D.): Afr., and P., X, 34.5; and as ὁπλίτης in Ol. 235: P., _ibid._ He was περιοδονίκης in both events: Foerster, nos. 712-713. His son of the same name had a statue in the temple of Athena Kranaia at Elateia, whose marble inscribed plate has been recovered: see _B. C. H._, XI, 1887, p. 342, no. 13 (P. Paris).

[2535] Aurelios Toalios won (?) παγκράτιον twice in the time of Alexander Severus (= 222-235 A. D.): see Holleaux and Paris on the inscription (see next note). Foerster, 735-736, proposes Ols. (?) 251 and 252 (= 225 and 229 A. D.).

[2536] _B. C. H._, X, 1886, pp. 233 f., no. 13.

[2537] Aurelios Metrodorus won παγκράτιον about the time of Alexander Severus (see Boeckh, on the inscription mentioned in the next note). Foerster, 737, proposes Ol. (?) 253 (= 233 A. D.).

[2538] _C. I. G._, III, 3676.

[2539] Valerios Eklektos won as κῆρυξ four times in Ols. 256, 258, 259, and 260 (= 245, 253, 257, and 261 A. D.): see inscription mentioned in the next note; Foerster, 741-744. He was περιοδονίκης thrice (= τρισπερίοδος), and won 80 crowns in various games.

[2540] _Inschr. v. Ol._, 242-243; _A. Z._, XXXVIII, 1880, pp. 164 f., no. 369.

[2541] _C. I. A._, III, 129 (Dittenberger).

[2542] Klaudios Rhouphos won (?) πάλη or (?) πύξ or (?) παγκράτιον near the beginning of the fourth century A. D. (see Kaibel and the inscription mentioned in the next note); Foerster, 748-749, and Rutgers, p. 154. He was twice περιοδονίκης.

[2543] _C. I. G._, III, 5910; Kaibel, _Inscript. Gr. Sicil. et Ital._, no. 1107, p. 299.

[2544] Philoumenos won (?) πάλη, according to Rutgers, p. 98, n. 3, either in Ol. 288 (= 373 A. D.) or _certe non multo prius_ (on the basis of the passage in Panodoros cited in the following note). He is also mentioned in a Roman inscription given by Rutgers, _ibid._ Foerster, 750.

[2545] _Ap._ Cramer, _Anecd. gr. Parisiensia_, 1839-41, II, p. 155, 17 (quoted by Foerster); Preger, _Inscr. Gr. metricae_, no. 133.

[2546] Ainetos was victor in πένταθλον. _Cf._ Rutgers, p. 112; Foerster, 754, who wrongly gives the contest as πύξ.

[2547] Nikokles, according to Pausanias, _l. c._, won five prizes in running δρόμος in two Olympiads. Foerster, under nos. 788-792, explains these words by arranging victories in δίαυλος, δόλιχος, and as ὁπλίτης in one Olympiad, and two of these contests in the next; none of them could have been in στάδιον, since his name does not appear in Africanus. _Cf._ Rutgers, pp. 105-106, 107, and 126. Le Bas long ago (_R. arch._, II, 1845, p. 220) connected a restored inscription with this victor.

[2548] Aigistratos won πάλη παίδων: Foerster, 806.

[2549] _C. I. G._, II, 2527.

[2550] He won in an unknown contest and was three times περιοδονίκης, gaining 35 crowns at various games. _Cf._ Foerster, 825-827.

[2551] _C. I. G._, I, 1715.

[2552] Ross, _Arch. Aufsaetze_, 1855-1861, I, pp. 163 f; _C. I. A._, I, 376; _I. G. B._, 39; E. S. Roberts, _An Introduction to Greek Epigraphy_, I, 1887, 68a.

[2553] _Rhein. Mus._, XVI, 1861, p. 224.

[2554] _Hermes_, XII, 1877, p. 345 and n. 29.

[2555] _E. g._, by R. Schoell, _Hermes_, XIII, 1878, p. 437; _cf._ Gurlitt, _Ueber Pausanias_, pp. 158 f., Loewy on the inscription, and Hitz.-Bluemn., I, 1, p. 261.

[2556] IX, 105.

[2557] _C. I. A._, I, 402; _I. G. B._, 46; Ross, _Arch. Aufsaetze_, I, pp 168 f. This is possibly to be connected with the statue of the _Volneratus deficiens_ mentioned by Pliny, _H. N._, XXXIV, 74. See _supra_, p. 199. However, the lettering is not later than 444 B. C., while Diitrephes is known to have been living as late as 411: Thukyd., VIII, 64.

[2558] Th. Bergk, _Zeitschr. f. d. Altertumswissensch._, III, 1845, pp. 961 f.; Wilamowitz, _Hermes_, XII, 1877, p. 346; Furtwaengler, _A. M._, V, 1880, p. 28 and n. 2; _cf._, however, Gurlitt, _op. cit._, pp. 159 f.; Robert, Die Marathonschlacht in der Poikile und Weiteres ueber Polygnot, _18stes Hallisches Winckelmannsprogr._, 1895, p. 22; Hitz.-Bluemn., I, I, pp. 255 f. and 262 f.

[2559] II, p. 289; _cf. ibid._, pp. 275 f.

[2560] _Jb._, VII, 1892, pp. 185 f. _Cf._ the remarks of Gercke, _ibid._, VIII, 1893, pp. 113 f.

[2561] III, 75; IV, 119 and 129.

[2562] _Mw._, pp. 278 f.

[2563] _Vit. X Orat._, IV (Isokrates), 42, (p. 839 c.) It was in the ball-court of the Arrephoroi. The same author, IV, 41, (839b), also mentions a bronze statue (with inscription) of Isokrates set up by the orator’s adopted son Aphareus. See _supra_, pp. 24 and 281. I assume that these two passages refer to one and the same monument.

[2564] Three victors, Ladas (no. 11), Agias (no. 14), and Sarapion (no. 30), had two statues each. Theagenes (no. 10) had several, according to Pausanias, who, however, mentions only one definitely. We have omitted from our total the statue set up by T. Phlabios Artemidoros (28a) to his father.

[2565] We have here included the tablet of Chionis at Sparta (no. 1), a victor of the seventh century B. C., whose monument, however, was erected in the fifth century B. C.

[2566] Including the two Lysippan statues of Agias, a victor of the fifth century, B. C.

[2567] Of the 192 monuments referred to 187 victors mentioned by Pausanias in his victor _periegesis_ at Olympia, only 153, belonging to 148 victors, can be exactly or approximately dated. Of these, 33 monuments (referred to 32 victors) belong to the epoch prior to the approximate date of the founding of the temple of Zeus, _i. e._, prior to Ol. 77 (= 472 B. C.); 51 monuments (referred to 50 victors) from this date on, to the approximate date of the battle of Aigospotamoi (B. C. 404), _i. e._, down to Ol. 93 (= 408 B. C.); 36 monuments (referred to 34 victors) from then on, to about the time of the birth of Alexander the Great, _i. e._, to Ol. 106 (= 356 B. C.); and 33 monuments (referred to 32 victors) from that date, to the close of the description of the athlete _periegesis_, i_. e._, from Ols. 107 to 149 (= 352 to 184 B. C.). See Hyde, _op. cit._, Ch. IV, pp. 72 sq., and _supra_, pp. 352-3. (In my victor lists, _op. cit._, pp. 3-24, I have enumerated 188 victors; however, Philon of Kerkyra is listed twice, nos. 91 and 136, for two different statues.) Of these 153 monuments, nearly one-half (_i. e._, 74) belong properly to the fifth century (Ols. 70 to 94 = 500 to 404 B. C.).

[2568] Pausanias mentions 192 (referred to 187 victors, as above); we have found in the present chapter that 63 others (referred to 61 victors) are known from inscribed base fragments found at Olympia; and that 47 (referred to 44 victors) are known from literary sources as having stood elsewhere. If we deduct 10 victors who had monuments both at Olympia and elsewhere, we have a grand total of 282 victors, in whose honor these 302 monuments of various kinds were erected.

[2569] See Hyde, pp. v-vi, for an alphabetic list of sculptors mentioned by Pausanias, or known from the recovered bases of statues at Olympia. See _supra_, p. 339, n. 1, end.

[2570] Lysippos made two statues _honoris causa_ for Pythes, son of Andromachos, of Abdera: P., VI, 14.12; Hyde, 134a. Mikon made two statues for King Hiero of Syracuse, one represented on foot and the other on horseback, which I have classed as “honor” statues: P., VI, 12.2; Hyde, 105a. All the “honor” statues at Olympia named by Pausanias are listed in the work cited, on p. v.

[2571] _H. N._, Bk. XXXIV, _passim_. One other sculptor, Kratinos, named by Pausanias, is noted by Pliny as a painter only: _ibid._, XXXV, 140 and 147.

INDEX.

Aberdeen head, 87.

Academy, festival in honor of Athenian soldiers at the, 11.

Achæans, games among, 20;
in Homer, 1, 7;
origin of sports among, 1.

Achaia, erects victor statue at Olympia, 30;
Pausanias’ account of, 323.

_Achilleae_, definition of, 92, note 6;
statues, 87, 226.

Achilles, casts _solos_ at games of Patroklos, 218;
fights with Telephos, on Tegea pediment, 306, 307;
shield of, 5;
yields prize to Agamemnon, 8.

Acrobats, among Athenians, 5;
in Crete, 2, 3;
in Homer, 5;
in modern Italy, 5;
in Thessaly, 5;
at Tiryns, 2, 3;
on Vapheio cups, 5.

Actors, statues of victorious, at Olympia, 285.

_Adlocutio_, gesture of, 132.

Admetos, boxing match with Mopsos, on chest of Kypselos, 285.

Adonis(?), statue of, 74.

_Adorantes se feminae_, statues by Apellas, 131.

Adoration and prayer, as athletic motives, 130f.

Aegean civilization, 1f.;
unathletic character of, 7.

Aegina, games on, 20;
date of gable statues from temple of Aphaia, 125;
gable statues from temple of Aphaia, 123f.;
influence of sculptors on “Apollo” statues, 102;
kneeling Herakles, from East gable, 195;
movement in gable statues, 176;
observation of nature in, 244;
runners, from West gable, 195;
sculptors from, 122f.;
sculptors in favor at Olympia, 264;
temple of Aphaia on, 123f.

Aeginetans, at battle of Salamis, 125.

Aelian, on bronze horses of Kimon, 363.

Aesthetic judgments of classical writers, 58.

Africanus, list of stade victors in, 191;
on omission of 211th Olympiad, 369.

Agamemnon, prize of, 8;
the _Agamemnon_ of Aischylos, 75.

Agasias, sculptor, 208.

Agathinos, statue at Olympia, 345.

Age, classification of Greek athletes by, 189;
in Plato’s _Republic_, 189.

Ageladas; see Hagelaïdas, 190.

Agenor, statue at Olympia, 30, 118.

Agesarchos, statue at Olympia, 129.

Agiadas, statue at Olympia, 123.

Agias, statue at Delphi, 46, 365, 366;
statue at Pharsalos, 366;
careless finish of Delphian statue, 304;
compared with _Apoxyomenos_ of Vatican, 289;
compared with _Farnese Herakles_, 253;
epigram on base of statue, 328;
as example of assimilation, 94;
fillet on, 150;
as statue “double,” 304;
as statue of a pancratiast, 292;
supplants _Apoxyomenos_ as norm of Lysippos, 290, 291f.;
swollen ear of, 168;
why considered copy, 303f., 316.

Agids, tomb in Sparta, 362.

Agilochos, statue at Olympia, 357.

_Agon_ (_Contest_), figure in group of Mikythos, 164, 215.

Agorakritos, sculptor, 182.

Agrippa, M., removes the _Apoxyomenos_ to Rome, 289.

Aiakos, games in honor of, 20.

Aigion, boy from, chosen as priest for his beauty, 57.

Aigistratos, Olympic victor statue at Lindos, 372.

Aigospotamoi, battle of, 352;
memorial at Delphi, 278.

Aigyptos, equestrian monument at Olympia, 120, 267, 279.

Ainetos, statue at Amyklai, 371.

Aischines, statue at Olympia, 29, 214, 346.

Aischylos, on ἀγώνιοι θεοί, 75;
_Agamemnon_ of, 75.

Aischylos, victor relief, in honor of the Dioskouroi, 96, 97.

Ajax, acrobatic feat of, 3;
combat with Diomedes, 8;
on r.-f. Etruscan stamnos, 132.

Akarnania, 318.

Akastos, games of, depicted on chest of Kypselos and on throne
of Apollo at Amyklai, 12.

Akestorides, statue at Olympia, 345, 354.

Akontistai; see Javelin-throwers.

Akousilaos, statue at Olympia, 130, 165.

Akragas, bronze statue dedicated at Olympia by people of, 130;
decadrachm of, 48.

Akropolis at Athens, Aeginetan bronze head from, 123;
Argive bronze head from, 114, 115;
athlete statue from, 115, 127;
chariot-race relief from, 128;
ephebe head, yellow-haired, from, 116;
excavations of, 126;
Hermes relief from, 270;
Korai from, 115, 126;
_la petite boudeuse_ from, 115;
pre-Persian sculptures from, 126f.;
Old Temple of Athena on, 128, 271.

_Akroteria_, winged figures as, 177.

Aktion, “Apollos” from, 103, 334.

Alabastron, on statue of Milo at Olympia, 107.

Alexander the Great, bust of, from Alexandria, 316;
coin of, showing Herakles, 253;
funeral games in honor of, 11;
head of, in Copenhagen, from sarcophagus, 95;
institutes funeral games for Hephaistion, 11;
portraits of, 56;
portraits of, by Lysippos, 290, 311, 316;
pensiveness in portraits of, 318;
statue of, by Lysippos, 73.

_Alexander Sarcophagus_, so-called, in Constantinople, 275.

Alexinikos, statue at Olympia, 122.

Alkainetos, statue at Olympia, 343, 352.

Alkamenes, and _Choiseul-Gouffier Apollo_ type, 89;
_Enkrinomenos_ of, 134;
and Olympia gable statues, 113;
and _Standing Diskobolos_, 76.

Alkandridas, P. Ailios, statue at Olympia, 360.

Alketos, statue at Olympia, 120, 344.

Alki, temple of Apollo at, 336.

Alkibiades, victor at Olympia, 257;
so-called _Alkibiades_ of the Vatican, 199.

Alkibios, base of statue of, from Akropolis, 284.

Alkinoos, King of Scheria, 210.

Alkmena, 10.

Alpheios, river at Olympia, 49, 258.

Altars, at Olympia: of Aphrodite, 351;
near Stadion, 283;
of Nymphs, 351;
of Seasons, 351;
scattered positions of, 341;
of Zeus; see Great Altar of Zeus.

Altis at Olympia, East Byzantine wall of, 345, 357;
erection of statues in, 27, 99;
excavation of, 24;
honor statues in, 339;
location of earliest statues in, 299;
North Byzantine wall of, 359;
_periegesis_ of Pausanias in, 151, 298;
positions of victor statues in, 339f.;
processional entrance of, 347;
processional way of, 348;
Roman enlargement of, 348;
routes (ἔφοδοι) of Pausanias in, 339f.;
South Terrace wall of, 346;
South wall of, 339, 341, 345, 347, 352, 357;
Southwest gate of, 360;
statues “within,” 347;
topography of, 339;
West Byzantine wall of, 358;
West wall of, 347, 355f.

Alypos, sculptor, 120.

Amaltheia, ivory horn of, at Olympia, 264, 265.

Amastris, coin of, showing figure of Hermes, 78.

Amazon, of Polykleitos, 159;
torso of Atalanta from Tegea pediment, draped as, 306.

Ambrakia, 105.

Amelung, W., on supposed absence of libation-pouring in athletic art,
140;
on head in Turin, 93;
on statuette in Vatican, 212, 244.

Amenartas; see Amenerdis.

Amenerdis, Egyptian queen, statue of, 331.

Amenemhat III, co-regent of Horfuabra, 330.

Amentum; see Thong.

Amertas, statue of, at Olympia, 117.

Amphiaraos vase, in Berlin, 13, 269, 280;
Amphiaraos, on chest of Kypselos, 269;
reliefs in honor of, 273.

Amphiareion, at Oropos, 272, 273.

Amphidamas, games of, 19.

Amphiktyonic League, 17.

Amphion, sculptor, 277.

Amphipolis, games at, 11.

Amyklai, temple of Apollo at, 19.

Amykos, boxing match of, with Polydeukes, 269;
invention of boxing-gloves ascribed to, 236.

Amyntas, statue at Olympia, 129, 354.

Analogy, in Greek art, 66.

Anatomy, knowledge of, in Greek sculpture, 56;
in Aeginetan gable statues, 124;
in Ligourió bronze, 111;
studied in Alexandria, 289.

Anauchidas, statue at Olympia, 341.

Anaxandros, statue at Olympia, 130, 266.

Anaxilas, as dedicator of Delphi _Charioteer_, 278.

Ancestors, worship of, in Greece, 14.

Ancient writings of the Eleans, 15.

Andokides, vase-painter, 229, 230.

Andreas, sculptor, 118.

Angelion, sculptor, 122, 304, 334.
See also Tektaios.

Aniconic statues, 58.

Anochos, statue at Olympia, 110, 111.

Anointing, as athletic motive, 133f.

Antaios, bout with Herakles, on proto-Attic amphora, 13.

Antenor, sculptor, 174, 175.

Anthologies, Greek, 43, 239, 368.

Anthropometry in Greek sculpture, 68.

Antidotos, painter, 29, 233.

Antigenes, statue at Olympia, 357.

Antignotos, sculptor, 136.

Antigonos, statue at Olympia, 346.

Antikythera, bronze statue of youth from sea near, 80f.;
statuette from sea near, 78, 79.

Antioch, date of founding of, 121.

Antipatros, statue at Olympia, 118;
father of, bribed by Syracuse, 33.

Antoninus Pius, coins of, showing pine, 21.

Apellas, sculptor, 131, 267, 367.

Aphaia, temple of, on Aegina, 123f.

Aphrodeisios, Tiberios Klaudios, statue at Olympia, 359;
victor in horse-race, 262.

Aphrodite, altar at Olympia, 351;
statue in Heraion at Olympia, 326;
temple at Naukratis, 334.

_Apobates_, chariot-race, 272f.;
armor worn in, 272, 273;
known at Athens and in Bœotia, 273;
preserves tradition of Homeric warfare, 272;
on reliefs, 272;
_apobates_, horse-race, at Olympia, 282f.

Apollas, lost work of, on Olympic victors, 45, 130, 343.

Apollo, as athlete, 88;
beaten in running, 76;
beats Ares in boxing, 88, 235, 285;
beats Hermes in running, 88, 285;
as charioteer, 129, 270;
combat with Herakles, 88, 89;
cult statue of, represented on vases, 335;
as god of boxing at Delphi, 235;
as god of boxing in Homer, 235;
as god of contests, 75;
as god of youth, 88;
hymn to, 25;
on coins of Athens, 90;
on relief in Capitoline, 89;
on relief with Artemis and Leto, in Louvre, 284;
tripods in worship of, 19.

Statues: _Apollo Alexikakos_, by Kalamis, 90;
from temple of Apollo at Alki, 336;
from Delos, 334, 335;
colossal, from Delos, 336;
from Mausoleion, 311;
colossal, from Olympia, 91;
_Philesian Apollo_, by elder Kanachos, 107, 118, 336;
from Porto d’Anzio, 144;
Praxitelian, in Medici Gardens, Rome, 313;
from West gable, Olympia, 114-116.

Statuettes: bronze from Naxos, in Berlin, 74, 119;
Payne Knight bronze, British Museum, 108, 119;
bronze, from Piombino, Louvre, 118;
Sciarra bronze, Rome, 119.

Temples: of Apollo Lykios, 364;
at Bassai, 327;
at Naukratis, 334.

“Apollo,” type of, in sculpture, 100f.;
Aeginetan influence on, 102;
_Choiseul-Gouffier_, 89f., 91, 148;
funerary in character, 336, 337;
“grinning” and “stolid” groups, 100;
name “Apollo,” 337;
name rightly applied to statues found in sanctuaries of Apollo, 334-336;
nudity of, 48;
represents early victor statues, 334f.;
_on-the-Omphalos_, 89f., 168.

Statues of: from Aktion, 103, 334;
from Cyprus, 337;
from Delphi, 148;
colossal, from Megara, 336;
from Melos, 100f.;
from Mount Ptoion, 100-103, 120, 123, 334;
from Naukratis, 334;
from Naxos, 328, 334;
from Orchomenos, 100, 101, 103, 328, 334;
from Pompeii, 111;
from Tenea, 100f., 127, 148, 327, 328, 336;
from Thera, 100f., 327, 337;
from Volomandra, 100, 104, 337.

Apollonia, head from, 157.

Apollonios, sculptor, 168, 224;
quoted by Philostratos, 107.

Apollonios, T. Ailios Aurelios, Olympic victor, statue at Athens, 370.

Apollonios, victor at Olympia, fined by the umpires, 34.

_Apoxyomenos_, the, after Lysippos, 74;
statue in Vatican, 136, 288f.;
pose of, 81, 99;
regarded formerly as center of stylistic treatment of Lysippos, 288;
so regarded by some scholars now, 291;
present doubts of, 290;
display of anatomical knowledge in, 289;
compared with the _Agias_, 289f.;
as work of Lysippos’ school, 292;
of third century B. C., 292;
_Apoxyomenos_ of Polykleitos, 136;
statue in Uffizi as, 136, 137, 168.

Apples, prizes at Delphi, 21, 107, 182.

Aratos, statesman, honor statue at Olympia, 42.

Aratos, victor, painting of, 29.

Archaism, break with, in the statue of the ephebe from the Akropolis,
115.

Archedamos, statue at Olympia, 120.

Archemoros, 10.

Archery, in Homer, 8.

Archiadas, statue at Olympia, 358.

Archias, victor statue at Delphi, 368.

Archidamas, chariot victor, statue at Olympia, 265.

Archidamas III, King of Sparta, statues at Olympia, 42.

Archippos, statue at Olympia, 346.

Ares, beaten by Apollo in boxing, 235, 285;
_Doryphoros_ of Polykleitos converted into Ares, 74;
head of, in Munich, 170;
helmeted head of, in Louvre, 170;
Ludovisi statue of, 170;
swollen ears on heads of, 170.

Argeiadas, sculptor, 110.

Argive “Apollos” from Delphi, 104, 106;
Argive and Sikyonian canons, 68.

Argos, canon of early sculptors of, 68;
characteristics of sculptors of, 116;
Nemean games held at, 17;
prizes at, 20;
public chariot of, victorious at Olympia, 31, 257;
public horse of, victorious at Olympia, 31, 257;
school of sculptors from, 58, 109f., 105;
schools of Argos and Sikyon, 109f.;
square shoulders of canon of sculptors from, 112.

Arion, victor statue on Helikon, 284.

Aristarchos, statue at Olympia, 358.

Aristeides, the Elder, painter, 29.

Aristeus, statue, at Olympia, 344.

Aristion, statue at Olympia, 46, 88, 117, 159 and note 3, 240, 345.

Aristion, stele of, 124, 127.
See Aristokles.

Aristodamos, statue at Olympia, 356.

Aristodemos, statue at Olympia, 120.

Aristogeiton, statue of, 173f.
See also Harmodios and _Tyrannicides_.

Aristokles, Cretan sculptor of Sikyon, 118, 120.

Aristokles, sculptor of Aristion stele, 127.

Ariston, of Rhegion, kitharoidos, 284.

Ariston, P. Kornelios, statue at Olympia, 359.

Aristonikos of Egypt, beaten at Olympia, 147.

Aristonikos of Karystos, ball-player, 84.

Aristophanes, 36, 246;
scholia on, 110, 363.

Aristophanes, of Byzantion, 367.

Aristophon, statue at Olympia, 31, 345, 368;
at Athens, 368.

Aristotimos, 42.

Aristotle, honor statue at Olympia, 42;
lost work of, on Olympic victors, 45, 130, 343;
on inscribed base of statue of unknown Olympic victor, 367;
on jumping, 214;
on jumping-weights, 216;
in praise of “mimetic” arts, 58.

Arkadia, funeral games in, 9, 20;
Pausanias’ description of, 326;
statue of unnamed boxer from, at Olympia, 245.

Arkas, father of Azan, 9.

Arkesilaos, of Sparta, statue at Olympia, 29.

Arkesilas IV, of Kyrene, chariot victor at Olympia 257;
chariot model at Delphi, 24, 265, 267;
as dedicator of the Delphi _Charioteer_, 277.

Arm, right, of boy victor, from Olympia, 46;
bronze right arm from statue of Olympic victor, 322.

Armed contest, in early Greek art, 8-9.

Armor, race in; see Hoplite-race.

Arndt, P., on so-called _Jason_, of Louvre, 87;
on the Perinthos and allied heads, 180.

Arolsen, statuette of diskobolos in, 187.

Arrhachion, crowned after death, 247;
statue at Phigalia, 100, 325, 326f., 328, 335, 337, 363;
inscription on, 333;
one of oldest victor statues, 327, 333;
three victories of 327;
throttled by adversary, 247.

_Ars statuaria_, defined by Pliny, 302.

Artemas, P. Ailios, statue at Olympia, 360.

Artemidoros, Olympic victor, 354.

Artemidoros, T. Phlabios, statue in Naples, 369.

Artemis, on Sparta relief, 284.

Artemisia, chariot-group of, 264.

Artists, statues of, at Olympia, 285.

Arvanitopoullos, A. S., on bronze statue of youth found in sea off
Antikythera, 81, 84.

Aryballos, 74, 119, 137, 138, 212;
on vase-paintings, 133;
wrongly as wrestler attribute, 165.

Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, head of _Diadoumenos_ in, 154.

Asiatics, wear loin-cloth, 48.

Asios, fragment of, 52.

Asklepiades, M. Aurelios, dedicates statue in Rome to father, 370.

Asklepiades, P., dedicates bronze diskos at Olympia, 22, 360.

Asklepieion, the, at Athens, statues in, 130.

Asklepios, temple at Sikyon, 370.

Assimilation of statues of men to god and hero types, 71f.;
of Olympic victor statues, 71f.;
to types of Apollo, 88f.;
of the Dioskouroi, 96f.;
of Herakles, 93f., 319;
of Hermes, 75f.

Assurbanipal, reliefs from palace of, at Nineveh, 330.

Assyro-Babylonian art, reliefs of, represented in motion, 177;
influence on early Greek art, 329.

Astragalos, base in form of, at Olympia, 240.

Astylos, bribed by Hiero of Syracuse, 33;
statue at Kroton, 33, 363;
at Olympia, 179, 363.

Asymmetry, example of, 70.

Atalanta, soul of, chooses body of athlete, in Plato’s myth of Er, 36;
statue of, from Tegea, 306, 310, 316.

Athena, Alea, temple at Tegea, 306;
Chalkioikos, hieron of, in Sparta, 283;
helmeted heads of, 53;
_Lemnia_, 53;
Old Temple of, on Akropolis, 128, 271;
on relief from Tarentum, 96.

Athenæus, 57, 284.

_Athenaia_; see _Panathenaia_.

Athenaios, statue at Olympia, 244, 343, 353.

Athens, athletes at, divided into two classes according to age, 189;
coins of, showing Apollo, 90;
statues of victors in, 26-27;
Gymnasion of Ptolemy at, 166.

Athletes: bare-foot and bare-headed, 48;
head of, in Capitoline called Juba II, 166;
head of, in Metropolitan Museum, showing swollen ears, 168;
statue of, in Copenhagen resembling the _Agias_, 293;
statue found at Ephesos, 137, 138;
two statues in lunging attitude, in Dresden, 292;
statue from Palazzo Farnese, now in London, 293;
statue of late style in Lansdowne House, London, 180;
statues of, adorn palæstræ and gymnasia, 297;
statues of, assimilated to types of Apollo, 88f.;
of the Dioskouroi, 96-97;
of Herakles, 93f.;
of Hermes, 75f.;
bronze statuette in Louvre, 213, 214; etc.

Athletics, origin and early history of Greek, 1f.;
in Crete, 1f.;
at Delphi, 25;
in Homer, 7f.;
athletics and Greek religion, 14;
influence on sculpture, 64;
athletic funeral scene on a Cypriote silver vase from Etruria, 13;
Argive-Sikyonian school of athletic sculptors, 1, 109f.

Attalos, base of victor statue of Attalos, father of Attalos I, at
Pergamon, 368;
Portico of, in Athens, 368.

Attic sculptors, 126f.;
characteristics of, 128;
examples of pre-Persian sculptures, 281;
influence on Polykleitos, 152, 153;
old Attic canon of proportions, 68.

Attributes of victor statues, 147f.;
primary, 148f.;
secondary 161f.

Augustus, coins of, showing celery, 21;
enlarges privileges of athletes in Rome, 33;
statue from Primaporta, 82.

Aura, victorious mare of Pheidolas, 279.

Aurelius, M. Antoninus, 43.

Authors; see Poets, Prose-writers.

Autolykos, statue in Athens, 27.

Autun, statuette of pancratiast from, in Louvre, 167, 250.

_Aves_, the, of Aristophanes, quoted, 206.

Azan, games of, in Arkadia, 9, 259.

Bacchiadas, flutist, statue on Helikon, 284.

Bacchylides, 10, 36.

Ball-playing (σφαιρίζειν), in antiquity, 83, 84;
game known as φανίνδα, 84;
Spartan origin of, 84.

Barbarians, invade Greece in Middle Ages, 322;
destroy victor statues at Olympia, 43.

Barberini Palace, Rome, statue in, 142;
estate of the Barberini, 50.

Barracco Collection, Rome, athlete statue in, 156.

Bases; see Victor statue bases.

Bassai, temple of Apollo Epikourios at, 327.

Bates, W. N., on interpretation of head of boy statue from Sparta, 305.

Bathykles, sculptor, 12.

Battos of Kyrene, group of, dedicated at Delphi, 277.

Baukis, statue at Olympia, 117.

Beauty, contest of, among women, in Arkadia, 57;
in Elis, 57;
on Lesbos, 57;
at Panathenaic games, Athens, 57;
on Tenedos, 57;
games in honor of, 57;
Greek worship of, 57;
youth chosen for, at Tanagra, 57.

Bellerophon, on Chimæra tomb, Xanthos, 271.

_Belvedere Hermes_, statue in Vatican, 72.

Beneventum, head from, in Louvre, 63.

Beni-Hasan, Egypt, wall-paintings at, 1, 228.

Benndorf, on Boboli athlete in Florence, 180;
on epigram relative to Ladas, 197;
on Pliny’s _nudus talo incessens_ of Polykleitos, 250.

Bieber, Fräulein, on various artistic tendencies in the Daochos group,
291.

_Bigae_ and _quadrigae_, mentioned by Pliny, 264.

Biting, prohibited in pankration, 246.

Biton (?), statue of, from Delphi, 105.

Bloch, on the Uffizi _Apoxyomenos_, 137.

Boboli athlete in Florence, 180;
_Hermes_, 85.

Boeckh, on division of athletes according to age at Athens, 189.

Boëdromion, month of, 18.

Bœotian games in Thebes, statues erected for, 26.

Boetticher, on Praxitelian origin of head from Olympia, 294.

Bologna, r.-f. krater in, 90.

_Bonus Eventus_ (?), statue found in Rhine, 276.

Boreas, winged, on relief in Metropolitan Museum, 194.

_Borghese Warrior_ (_Gladiator_), statue by Agasias, 169, 208, 209,
290.

Borsdorf, bronze bowl from, 231.

Bosanquet, R. C., on bronze statuette found in sea off Antikythera, 79.

_Boudeuse, la petite_, statue from Akropolis, 115.

Bouleuterion; see Council-house.

Bouprasion, Nestor contends at, 9.

Bow, attribute of _Philesian Apollo_, 119.

_Boxer Vase_, from Hagia Triada, 6, 7, 235.

Boxers, bases of statues of, at Olympia, 240, 241;
bearded, on University of Pennsylvania Panathenaic amphora, 239;
between groups of warriors and dancers on an eighth century B. C.
vase, 13;
boxer known as “man with crushed ear,” 167;
on _Boxer Vase_, 6, 7;
bronze head of boxer or pancratiast, from Olympia, 146, 254, 255,
322;
on bronze shield from Mount Ida, 235;
caps of, 165f.;
head in Munich, with swollen ears, 63, 168;
positions of, on vases, 239;
_pyctae_ (?), by Myron, 188;
on pyxis, from Knossos, 7;
on r.-f. kylix in the British Museum, 239;
on r.-f. kylix of Douris, 239;
_Seated Boxer_, of Museo delle Terme, 145f.;
statues of, represented in motion, 243;
statue of, with _Diadoumenos_ motive, 155;
statue in Kassel, 242;
statue in Lansdowne House, London, 155;
statue in Palazzo Albani, Rome, 165;
statue from Sorrento, 242;
statuette of, from Olympia, 28, 244;
swollen ear of, 240, 241.

Boxing, 234f.;
antiquity of, 235;
in Crete, 3, 5, 6, 7, 235;
in Homer, 8, 234;
invented by Theseus, 235;
more dangerous than pankration, 246;
most popular sport at Olympia, 235;
one of oldest sports, 234;
when introduced at Olympia, 235;
boys’ contest, when introduced at Olympia, 235;
painful character of, 234f.;
two periods of, 235;
at Sparta, 167;
on vases, 239.

Boxing-gloves, 235f.;
on _Boxer Vase_, 7, 235;
in Crete, 235;
in Homer, 235;
described by Pausanias and Philostratos, 236;
forms of, 236;
heavy (σφαῖραι or ἱμάντες ὀξεῖς), 235f.;
soft (ἱμάντες λεπτοί or μειλίχαι) 235f.;
method of putting on, 236;
not used in pankration, 246;
soft, on bronze arm found in sea off Antikythera, 236;
on fist from Verona, 238;
on forearms of _Seated Boxer_ of the Museo delle Terme, 237, 238;
on statue from Herculaneum, 238;
on statue from Sorrento, 238.

_Boy Binding on a Fillet_ (ἀναδούμενος), by Pheidias, 150.

_Boy Crowning Himself_, copies of statue of, identified with statue
of Kyniskos at Olympia, 156;
on funerary relief, 155.

Boy victors, statues of, at Olympia, 31;
fragments of, 324, 325;
less than life-size, 46;
boy victor (?) from Sparta, head from statue of, 305f.;
as case of assimilation, 319f.;
as an eclectic work, 37, 38;
chiefly Lysippan, 311, 318;
compared with head of Philandridas, 316;
surface modeling of, 318.

Branchidai, 304, 336.

Brasidas, games in honor of, 11.

Bribery, of Olympic victors, 33;
at Epidauros, the Isthmus, etc., 34.

Brimias, statue at Olympia, 346.

Bronze, used for victor statues, 321f.;
more expensive than marble, 323, 326;
bronze and stone monuments together, 323.

Brunn, on Aeginetan art, 124;
on archaic Attic art, 124;
on Daidalian ξόανα, 328;
on the _Oil-pourer_ in Munich, 134;
on Olympia pediment groups, 114;
on _Standing Diskobolos_, 76;
on symmetry and rhythm, 66;
on Tux bronze, 207;
on the Vaison and Farnese types of the _Diadoumenos_, 154.

_Brutus_, the, of Cicero, 60.

Brygos, r.-f. kylix in style of, 204.

Bull, in Crete, 1f.;
zone of the, at Olympia, 355.

Bulle, on boxer head from Olympia, 255;
on bronze statue of youth found in sea off Antikythera, 82;
on the Polykleitan _Diadoumenos_, 151;
on _Doryphoros_, 227;
on dying hoplite relief, 209;
on Egyptian influence on early Greek sculpture, 330;
on ephebe statue from Akropolis, 115;
on _Farnese Herakles_, 253;
on hair technique of Greek sculptors, 53;
on the _Idolino_, 141, 142;
on the _Oil-pourer_, 134;
on Tux bronze, 207;
on statues of two wrestlers, from Herculaneum, 231.

Bull-grappling, in Crete, 2f.;
in Tiryns, 2, 3;
on Vapheio cups, 355;
in Thessaly, 5;
in Viterbo, 5.

Bull-ring, ivory model of, from Knossos, 3.

Burgon vase, 260.

Bybon, inscribed _solos_ of, from Olympia, 22, 218.

Bykelos, statue at Olympia, 120.

Byzantine church, the, at Olympia, 347, 356f.

Byzantine walls, at Olympia, 345, 357, 358, 359.

Caere (Cerveteri), Amphiaraos vase from, 13 and note 1;
hydrias from, 52.

Candia, Museum at, 2, 3.

Canina, discovers the _Apoxyomenos_ of the Vatican, 288.

Canon, of Polykleitos, 69.

Canons of proportions, 65f.

Cap, of boxers and pancratiasts, 165f.;
on athlete head called Juba II, 166;
on relief in Rome, 166;
on Munich kylix, 166-167;
on statuette from Autun, 167.

Capua, bronze statuette from, 207.

Caracalla, baths of, 252.

Caricature, Theban law against, 57.

Casa Buonarroti, Florence, arm of _Diskobolos_ from, 186.

Caskey, L. D., on Sparta head of boy athlete, 305, 306, 310, 319.

Castel Porziano, copy of _Diskobolos_ from, 184.

Castellani copy of _Spinario_, 202.

Catania, coins of, showing _Nike_, 182.

Cauldron, as early prize, from Cumae, 20.

Celery, fresh, used for wreaths at Nemea, 20, 21;
wild, used for wreaths at the Isthmus, 21.

_Celetizontes pueri_, of Kanachos, 120.

Cerveteri; see Caere.

Cestus, described by Virgil, 239;
metal, invented by Romans, 238, 239;
not mentioned by late Greek writers, 239;
not used in Greek contests, 235.

Chabrias, general, statue of, 173.

Chæroneia, battle of, 301.

Chalkis, 19.

_Champion_, the, of East gable of temple on Aegina, 207;
of West gable, 126.

Chamyne; see Demeter.

Chancery, hold in pankration, 247, 248.

Chaplet, as victor attribute, 148.

Chariots, Athenian type on vases, 262;
on Cretan relief, 262;
war-chariot in Crete and at Mycenæ, 262;
on Mycenæan tombstones, 262;
dedication of, 22;
descendant of Homeric war-chariot, 260;
four-horse, 262;
four-horse, on vases, 263;
four-horse, on marble relief, 268, 269;
miniature models of, at Olympia, 23;
war-chariot from Monteleone, in Metropolitan Museum, 263;
two-horse, on vases, 263;
two types of Greek racing-chariot, 262;
on eighth century B. C. vase, 263;
zone of, at Olympia, 345, 346, 352.

Charioteers, statues of, 274f.;
close-fitting chiton of, 275;
long chiton of, 48, 263, 273, 274;
nude, 48, 275, 276;
statue of, in Boston, 275;
statue of, at Delphi, 48, 81, 90, 276f.;
inscription on, 277;
part of a group, 277;
copies of, 277;
deficiencies of, 278;
Gelo as dedicator of, 278;
as Aeginetan, 278;
as Attic work, 278;
assigned to Pythagoras, 278;
statue of, from Esquiline, 276;
statue of (?) found in Rhine near Xanten, 276;
relief of, mounting chariot, from Akropolis, 128, 269.

Chariot-groups, at Olympia, 264f.;
remains of, 269.

Chariot-race, antiquity at Olympia, 259;
common in Greece, 257f.;
most brilliant event at Olympia and elsewhere, 257;
one of earliest events at Olympia, 259;
with two colts (συνωρὶς πώλων), at Olympia, 260;
harnessing of two horses, on b.-f. hydria, 263;
groups, remains at Olympia, 269;
with four colts (πώλων ἅρμα), at Olympia, when introduced, 260;
with four horses (τέθριππον or ἵππων τελείων δρόμος), when introduced
at Olympia, 259, 260;
four-horse (τέθριππον), on Panathenaic vase from Sparta, 263;
length of race with four colts at Olympia, 260;
length of race with four full-grown horses at Olympia, 260;
with mules (ἀπήνη), when introduced at Olympia, 261;
at oldest funeral games, in Arkadia, 259;
oldest monument of, at Olympia, 264, 265;
origin of in mythical times, 259;
originally with two horses, 260;
when stopped at Olympia, 261;
sport of wealthy, 257;
representations, common on vases, 262f.;
trotting-race with mares (κάλπη), 261, 282.
See _Apobates_, chariot-race.

Chariot victors, dedicate chariot-groups at Olympia, 264f.;
dedicate models of chariots at Olympia, 265;
dedicate statues at Olympia, 265;
act as own charioteers, 266-267.

Charmides, statue at Olympia, 342.

Charops, statue at Olympia, 358.

Chase, G. H., on bronze tripods in Loeb collection, 194, note 7;
on Monteleone chariot, 264.

Cheilon, ephor of Sparta, died of joy at Olympia, 36.

Cheilon, date of second victory of, 301;
fights at Lamia, 301;
statue at Olympia, 32, 121, 298.

Cheimon, statue at Argos, 366;
at Olympia, 117, 234, 344, 366.

Cheirisophos, sculptor, 334.

Chewsurs, of the Caucasus, funeral games among, 11.

Chimæra tomb, so-called, at Xanthos, 271.

Chinnery _Hermes_, head, 181.

Chionis, statue at Olympia, 32, 333, 352, 362;
tablet of, at Sparta, 362;
record jump of, at Olympia, 216.

Chios, early sculpture of, 177; games on, 189.

Chisel, used in hair of the _Agias_ and _Philandridas_, 297.

Chiton, conventional dress of charioteers, 275.

Chiusi, wall-painting from, 217.

Chlamys, on statues of Meleager, 313.

_Choiseul-Gouffier Apollo_, statue known as, 89f.;
replica of head in British Museum, 91;
replica of head, from Kyrene 334;
thongs on tree-trunk nearby, 165.

Chorus, of boys and girls, in honor of victors, 34.

Christodoros, description of statue of Hermes by, 87.

Chrysippos, quoted by Galen, 70.

Chrysothemis, sculptor, 105, 116.

Cicero, as art critic, 60.

Cincinnatus, 87.

Circassians, funeral games among, 11.

Circus, Roman, hair-fashion of athletes at, 52;
finally supersedes equestrian contests of Olympia, 261.

Cloak, prize at Pellene, 20.

Club, on Cretan grave-relief, 199;
on statuette from Palermo, 199.

Cockerell, on dedication from Delphi, 372.

Coins: of Antoninus Pius, showing pine, 21;
of Alexander the Great, showing Herakles, 253;
of Athens, showing Apollo, 90;
of Augustus, showing celery, 21;
of Catania, showing Nike, 182;
of Commodus as Hercules, 74;
of Delphi, showing Apollo, 92, 336;
of Euagoras I, King of Salamis in Cyprus, showing swollen ears, 169;
of Geta, 306;
of Lucius Verus, 21;
of Markianopolis, 87;
of Messana, showing mule-car, 263;
of Messene, 111;
of Miletos, 74, 118, 119, 336;
of Nero, 21;
of Philip II, King of Macedon, showing victorious jockey with
palm-branch, 280;
of Philippopolis, 78;
of Rhegion, showing mule-car, 263;
of Selinos, showing celery wreath, 21;
of Sicily, showing racing chariots, 262, 263;
of Syracuse, showing Nike with tablet, 182;
of Tarentum, showing _apobates_ horse-race, 282;
showing poses of Olympic victor statues, 44;
showing scenes of wrestling, 228.

Collignon, M., on statue of Astylos, at Kroton, 364;
on so-called _Borghese Warrior_, 209;
on the _Doryphoros_ of Polykleitos, 227;
on Egyptian influence on early Greek sculpture, 329;
on identification of the statue of Kyniskos, 159;
on the Olympia gable sculptures, 114;
on Tux bronze, 207.

Color, on early Attic sculpture, 126.

Commodus, statue in Mantua, 72;
coins of, showing him as Hercules, 74.

Concentration (αὐτάρκεια), in Greek statues, 82;
in Myron’s statues, 183;
in the _Diskobolos_, 137, 201.

Concord, temple of, Rome, 234.

Constantinople, sack of, by Franks, 253.

_Contest_ (_Agon_), figure of, in Mikythos group at Olympia, 164, 215.

Conversion of athlete statues into those of gods, 74.

Conze, A., on “Apollo” type as representing victors, 335;
on _Choiseul-Gouffier_ statue type, 90;
on statue of Commodus at Mantua, 72.

Copenhagen, heads in Ny-Carlsberg collection at, with swollen ears,
168.

Corfu, bronze from, 96.

Corinth, clay tablets from, 52, 182;
festival at Isthmus of, 1;
meeting-place of East and West, 17;
near Isthmian games, 25;
end of tyranny at, 17.

Corn-grinding slave woman, Egyptian statuette of, 177.

Council-house (Bouleuterion), at Olympia, 227, 344, 346, 349, 350, 355,
357, 358.

Cow, sacrificed to Hera at the _Heraia_, Olympia, 49.

Cowardice, case of, at Olympia, 34.

Crete, acrobats of, 2;
center of Aegean civilization, 1;
costumes of men and women acrobats, 2, 4;
Cretan youths dedicate offerings to Eros, 57;
Cretan youths sacrifice to Apollo, the runner, 88;
famed in the long race, 191;
motion figures from, 3;
origin of sports in, 1;
physical development in, 6;
sports in, 1f.

Crœsus, fall of empire of, 126.

Cross-buttocks, throw in wrestling, 229;
shown in small bronze group in the Loeb Collection, 232, 233.

Crown of wild olive, as temporary reward for victor, 37, 155f.

Cuirass (?), prize at Argos, 20.

Cumae, inscribed cauldron from, as prize, 20.

Cures, effected by victor statues, 35.

Curtius, E., on the Σκήνωμα in Sparta, 367.

Cypriote silver vase in repoussé from Etruria, in Florence, 13.

Daidalian ξόανα, 328.

Daidalos, of Crete, mythical sculptor, 118.

Daidalos, of Sikyon, sculptor, 109, 120, 138, 266, 279;
Daidalos and canon of Polykleitos, 69;
statues of _destringentes se_ by, 136;
leg position of statues of, 159.

Daïkles, victor, 20.

Daïppos, sculptor, statues at Olympia, 121;
_perixyomenoi_ by, 136.

Daitondas, sculptor, 121.

Dalecampius, on Myron’s _pristae_, 188.

Damagetos, statue at Olympia, 36, 46, 355.

Damaithidas, statue at Olympia, 358.

Damaretos, statue at Olympia, 105, 116, 117, 161, 203.

Dameas, sculptor, 116.

Damokritos, sculptor, 120.

Damonon, hippodrome victories of, in and near Lakonia, 257;
acts as own charioteer, 266.

Damoxenidas, statue at Olympia, 44.

Damoxenos, slays Kreugas in pankration at Nemea, 237, 247.

Danaë and Perseus, in a chest, 188.

Dancers, bronze, from Herculaneum, identified with statue of Kyniska,
267;
ceremonial of, at Knossos, 3;
on shield of Achilles, 5.

Daochos, dedicates statuary group at Pharsalos and Delphi, 286f.

Dead, cult of, as origin of Greek games, 9f.

Dedication, of athletic prizes, 21f.;
formulæ at Olympia, 37.

Deida, M., statue at Olympia, 359.

Deinolochos, statue at Olympia, 120.

Deinosthenes, statue at Olympia, 347.

_Delian Apollo_, of Angelion and Tektaios, 304;
“doubles” of, in Athens and Delphi, 304.

Delos, Apollo from, 334;
colossal Apollo from, 336;
copy of _Diadoumenos_ from, 92f., 152, 153;
Ionian festival on, 15;
contests of Theseus in honor of Apollo on, 160;
tripods in temple of Apollo on, 9.

Delphi, “Apollos” from, 104;
athletes divided into three classes according to age, 189;
coins of, showing Apollo, 92, 336;
coins of, showing laurel wreath, 21;
contests at, 25;
athletic, 25;
dramatic, 25;
equestrian, 25;
flute solo, 25;
lyre-playing, 25;
music, as chief contest at, 25;
painting, 25;
poetry, 25;
singing, 25;
decrees of, to athletes, 26;
Delphians sacrifice to Apollo the boxer, 88;
festival at, 9;
inscribed bases of victor monuments from, 26;
mentioned by Homer, 9;
oracle at, 18, 30, 34;
religious interest of Pausanias in, 24;
statue of pancratiast at, 26;
statuette of victor from, 28;
temple of Apollo at, 336;
tripods in temple of Apollo at, 19;
victor monuments at, 26;
victor grave-relief from, 138.

Demeter, the _Eleusinia_ in honor of, 18;
Chamyne, priestess of, admitted to Olympia, 16;
of Knidos, statue of, 311.

Demetrios, M. Aurelios, Olympic victor statue in Rome, 370.

Demetrios of Phaleron, honor statues in Athens, 41.

Demetrios, sculptor, 56.

Demokrates, statue at Olympia, 358.

Deonna, W., against Egyptian influence on early Greek sculpture, 329.

Dermys and Kitylos, grave-figures of, from Tanagra, 335.

_Destringentes se_, statues mentioned by Pliny, 136.

Diadoumenoi, or fillet-binders, 150f.

_Diadoumenos_, of Pheidias, 150f.;
older than that of Polykleitos, 151;
motive of, 151;
Farnese copy, 151;
of Polykleitos, 152f.;
as example of rest statue, 99;
as example of “ethical grace,” 63;
leg position of, 159;
copy of, from Delos, 92f., 152, 153;
other copies of, 152f.;
head-style of, 152;
British Museum head of, 153, 154;
Dresden head of, 153;
Kassel head of, 153;
statuette from Smyrna, 154;
on throne of Zeus at Olympia, 150;
pose of Vaison and Farnese copies, 155.

Diagoras, most famous Greek boxer, 365;
statue at Olympia, 130, 365;
size of, 45;
family group of, 342, 343, 352.

Diaulodromos, or double sprinter, 193;
on Athens inscribed vase, 194.

Dickins, G., on _Choiseul-Gouffier Apollo_ statue type, 90;
on statuette of trumpeter from Sparta, 283.

Didymaion, near Miletos, 108;
statues at, 26.

Diitrephes, statue on Akropolis, 199 and note 5, 373.

Dikon, three statues at Olympia, 29, 55;
bribed by Syracuse, 33.

Dio Chrysostom, on art, 61;
on confusing athlete and hero statues, 71;
on difference between victor and honor statues, 41;
on Theagenes’ statue at Thasos, 364.

Diodoros, on Egyptian influence on early Greek sculpture, 330;
on proportion in Egyptian statuary, 67, note 4;
on family of the artist Rhoikos of Samos, 330;
on _Pythian Apollo_ by Telekles and Theodoros, 334.

Diogenes, five times victor in trumpeting, at Olympia, 283;
base of statue at Olympia, 360.

Diogenes Laertios, on gold statue vowed by Periandros, 266;
on Pythagoras, 67, 179.

Diomedes, as boxer, 169;
Delphic tripod ascribed to, 21;
single combat of, with Ajax, 8;
statue known as, in Munich, 157, 169;
statue known as, in Palazzo Valentini, Rome, 163, 207.

_Dionysia_, games at the, in Kyrene, 50;
at Sparta, 50;
statue of victor at, in Athens, 27.

Dionysios, sculptor, 268.

Dionysios, tyrant of Syracuse, 33.

Dionysos, bearded type of, 335;
short hair of, on Parthenon frieze, 53;
statue of, in group, 144;
statue of (?), found in Rhine near Xanten, 276;
tripods in honor of, at Athens and Rhodes, 19.

Diophanes, statue at the Isthmus, 27.

Diophon, pentathlete, epigram on, 210.

Dioskouroi, athlete statues assimilated to, 96, 97;
diskos dedicated to, by Exoïdas, 218;
on grave-relief in Verona, 97;
relief of, from Tarentum, 96;
on votive relief in London, 97.

Dipoinos, sculptor, 118, 122, 334.
See also Skyllis.

Dipylon geometric vase from Akropolis, in Copenhagen, showing funeral
games, 13.

Diskoboloi, statuettes of, 28, 218f.;
bronze statuette in London, 221;
bronze statuette in Metropolitan Museum, 116, 148, 220, 221;
on cover of lebes in London, 221.

_Diskobolos_, the, of Myron, 184f.;
cast of, from various copies, 186;
concentration of (αὐτάρκεια) 137, 183, 201;
copies of 184f.;
copy of, in Capitoline, 185;
from Castel Porziano, 184;
in Lancellotti Palace, Rome, 184;
Græco-Roman copy from Tivoli, in London, 184, 185;
in Vatican, from Tivoli, 184;
on a gem, 187;
as example of a diskos-thrower, 164;
as example of rhythm, 66;
Lucian’s description of, 186, 187;
moment chosen by Myron in, 187;
pose of, 219, 220;
predecessors of, 222;
Quintilian on, 187;
relief of, from Dipylon, 127;
represents trained athlete, 183, 184;
right arm of, from Casa Buonarroti, Florence, 186;
short hair of, 52;
small bronze in Berlin, 221;
statuettes in Munich and Arolsen, 187;
compared with _Tyrannicides_, 183.
See also _Standing Diskobolos_.

Diskoi, bronze, from the Altis, 22, 218;
dedication of bronze, 22;
kept in Sikyonian treasury at Olympia, for use of pentathletes, 22;
on r.-f. vase in Munich, 164;
diskos, as attribute of pentathlete statues, 164;
bronze, from Sicily, 217;
inscribed, of Asklepiades, 40;
inscribed, of Exoïdas, from Kephallenia (?), 97, 218;
known to Homer, 218;
lighter for boys than for men, 218.

Diskos-throwing (δισκοβολία), goes back to mythology, 218;
shown by statues, statuettes, reliefs, vase-paintings, etc., 164,
218;
seven positions of, given by Gardiner, 218f.;
record throw of Phaÿllos in, discussed, 216.

Dittenberger, W., on division of athletes at Athens, according to age,
189;
on Pliny, 27;
on votive character of inscriptions on victor statue-bases,
at Olympia, 39;
Dittenberger and Purgold, on exclusive use of bronze for Olympic
victor statues, 321.

Diver (?), statuette of, from Perugia, 217.

Dodona, bronze statuette from, 143;
bronze statuette of ephebe on horse-back from, 28, 281;
bronze statuette of warrior from, 126, 178;
mentioned by Homer, 16;
tripods in temple of Zeus at, 19.

Doerpfeld, W., on base of the Platæan _Zeus_ at Olympia, 344;
on bases of victors found in South wall of Altis, 347;
on beginning of Pausanias’ first route in the Altis, 341;
on excavations at site so-called of Great Altar of Zeus at Olympia,
349;
on positions of victor statues in the Altis, 340;
on second route of Pausanias in the Altis, 351;
on statues, ἐν τῇ Ἄλτει, 350.

Dolichodromos, endurance runner, 193.

Domitian, stadion at Rome, 50.

Dorians, the, 1.

Dorieus, prisoner at Athens, 36;
victor statue at Olympia, 355.

Dorykleidas, victor dedication to Herakles and Hermes by, 75, 76.

Doryphoroi, mentioned by Pliny, 226.

_Doryphoros_, of Kresilas, 145;
of Polykleitos, 77, 224f.;
as an _Achilles_, 92;
converted into god-type, 74;
converted into Hermes, 87, 88;
compared with _Diadoumenos_, 152;
copy at Olympia, 227;
green basalt torso in Florence, 225;
marble torso formerly in Pourtalès Collection, 225;
from Pompeii, its measurements, 70;
copy in Vatican, 225;
etymology and use of word, 225, 226;
head from Herculaneum, by Apollonios, 168;
as highest ideal of manly beauty, 141;
as example of javelin-thrower, 164;
leg position of, 159;
as master of Lysippos, 70, 301;
as norm of proportions, 58, 68, 69, 70;
original as pentathlete victor statue, 227;
pose of, 225;
style of head of, 152;
as victor statue, 226, 227.

Double foot-race (δίαυλος), 190;
date of introduction at Olympia, 191.

“Doubles” of statues, 304, 305.

Douris, on Lysippos, 69.

Douris, vase-painter, r.-f. kylix by, 239.

Dramatic contests, at Delphi, 25.

_Dresden Boy_, the, statue in Dresden, 213.

Dromeus, statue at Olympia, 179, 343;
identified with _mala ferens nudus_, of Pliny, 182.

_Drunkenness_, statue of, 144.

Duerer, Albrecht, on proportions, 68.

Duetschke, on the Mantuan _Commodus_, 72.

Dumont, on division of athletes at Athens by age, 189.

Dying hoplite runner, relief of, in Athens, 194, 209.

Dying Gaul statues, 255.

Dyneiketos, victor, represented on r.-f. Panathenaic vase, 280.

Ear, swollen, as attribute of victor statues, 167f.;
as professional characteristic of athlete and god statues, 168;
on various heads, 168;
on heads of gods and heroes, 169f.

Ear-lappets (ἀμφωτίδες, ἐπωτίδες), on marble head, 167;
worn by boys in the palæstra, 167.

Echembrotos, musician, dedicates a tripod to Herakles 22.

Echo Colonnade, at Olympia, 343, 345, 352, 358, 360.

Egesta, Sicily, 35;
honors Philippos, victor, with a heroön, 57.

Egypt, division of, into Old and Middle Kingdoms, and New Empire,
330-331.

Egyptian art, proportions in, 67 and note 4;
adopted by Greeks, 330;
becomes fixed, 331;
influence of, on early Greek art, 328f., 332;
Egyptian statues, characteristics of, 332;
compared with Greek, 332.

Eklektos, Valerios, statue at Athens, 371;
at Olympia, 359, 360, 371.

Elean register, 31;
school of sculpture, 114;
umpires, 94.

Eleans, led by Oxylos from Aitolia, 15.

_Electra_, of Sophokles, quoted, 267.

_Eleusinia_, the, 18;
prizes at, 20;
statue of victor in Athens, 27.

Eleusis, copy of statue of Kyniskos (?) from, 74, 156.

_Eleutheria_, games at Platæa, 11, 203.

Emerson, A., on statue of Kyniska, 267.

Energy, as characteristic of Myron’s statues, 152.

_Enkrinomenos_, statue by Alkamenes, 77, 134.

Enymakratidas, hippodrome victories of, in Lakonia, 257.

Epainetos, inscribed jumping-weight of, from Eleusis, 215.

Epeios, boxing-match with Euryalos, 7, 88.

Epeirote singer, pummelled by order of Nero, 34.

Eperastos, victor at Olympia, 163.

Ephebe, head of, with yellow hair, from Akropolis, 116;
statue from Akropolis, 115, 175;
statue from Hadrian’s villa, assimilated to Hermes, 80;
victorious ephebes leading horses, on Athenian relief, 281;
ephebes (ἀγένειοι), 189.

_Ephodoi_ (ἔφοδοι), or routes of Pausanias, in the Altis, 339, 341f.,
348f.

Epicharinos, statue on Akropolis, 27, 176, 179, 206, 372.

Epidauros, inscription from, 34.

Epigonos, erects monument to Attalos, 368.

Epigrams, on Olympic victor statue bases, 43.

Epikradios, statue at Olympia, 122, 352.

_Epitaphia_, festival at Athens, 18.

Epitherses, statue at Olympia, 31, 244, 346.

Eponymus victor, at Olympia, 191.

Equestrian contests, at Delphi, 25;
at Olympia, replaced by amusements of Roman circus, 261;
revived at Olympia under Empire, 261.
See also Chariot-race, Horse-race.

Er, myth of, in Plato’s _Republic_, 36.

Erasistratos, physician at Alexandria, 290.

_Eretrian Bull_, the, at Olympia, 342, 352, 357, 358, 359;
zone of, at Olympia, 343.

Eriphyle, on archaic vase, 13.

Eros, offerings to, 57;
bronze statue from Tunis, 156, 158.

_Erotidia_, division of athletes at the Bœotian, according to age, 189.

Etruria, funeral games of, borrowed by Romans, 11;
athletic scenes from tombs of, 11.

_Etruscan Orator_, statue in Florence, 82.

Euagoras I, King of Salamis, in Cyprus, coins of, showing swollen ears,
169.

Euagoras of Sparta, chariot-group of, at Olympia, 23, 37, 265.

Eubotas, statue at Kyrene, 366;
at Olympia, 31, 352, 366.

Eudelos, of Rhodes, adversary of Straton, at Olympia, 34.

Eukles, statue at Olympia, 45, 117, 241, 342, 343.

Eumastas, inscribed stone of, from Thera, 218, note 3.

Eunomos, kitharoidos, statue in honor of Pythian victory, 284.

Euphorbos, on painted terra-cotta plate, 178.

Euphranor, sculptor, 23, 36, 69;
books of, on symmetry, 69;
canon of, 69;
head of athlete statue from circle of, 233.

Euphronios, r.-f. kylix by, 204.

Eupolemos, statue at Olympia, 120, 342.

Eupolos, bribes three adversaries at Olympia and all four are fined,
33.

Eupompos, painter, 29, 69, 160.

Euripides, protests against professionalism in athletics, 36.

Euryalos, 8, 88.

Eurybates, pentathlete, 59.

Euryleonis, victress, statue at Sparta, 367.

Eurytos, 8.

Eusebios, on statue of Theagenes, 364.

Eutelidas, sculptor, 105, 116.

Eutelidas, victor statue at Olympia, 106, 333, 337, 346.

Euthykrates, sculptor, 314.

Euthymenes, statue at Olympia, 120, 344, 352.

Euthymos, boxing match with Theagenes, 247;
son of river god Kaikinos, 35;
statue at Lokroi Epizephyrioi, 364;
statue at Olympia, 55, 62, 90, 179, 183, 342, 352;
inscribed base from, 38;
statue at Olympia identified by Waldstein with _Choiseul-Gouffier
Apollo_ type, 179.

Eutychides, sculptor and painter, 121, 324.

Evans, A., on ivory statuettes from Knossos, 3;
on stucco reliefs from Knossos, 4.

Exainetos, victor, drawn into native city by fellow-citizens, 35.

_Exhortation to the Arts_, work by Galen cited, 37.

Exoïdas, bronze diskos of, 97, 218.

Eye, almond-shaped, in archaic art, 127;
in the _Agias_, 315;
in Skopaic heads, 308, 311f.;
treatment of, by Lysippos, 311f.

Fabius Maximus, carries off colossal Herakles from Tarentum to Rome,
253.

Fagan head, the, in British Museum, 87.