Chapter M (7)

Tides, atmospheric, Bombay, xxxiii, 274. ---- of the ocean, remarks on, v, 133. ----, remarks on, _W. C. Redfield_, xxv, 132; xxviii, 311; xlv, 294. ----, theory of, with observations at London and Liverpool, _J. W. Lubbock_, xxxi, 333. ----, _W. Whewell_ on, xxxi, 335, 362; xxxv, 290. ----, connection with the weather, _G. W. Hall_, xxxi, 371. ----, results mapped out by means of curves, _W. Whewell_, xxxv, 290. ---- wave, circuit character of, _W. C. Redfield_, xxviii, 313. ---- and tidal wave of the Atlantic and Pacific, _W. C. Redfield_, xlv, 294. ---- of the Society Islands anomalous, _W. C. Redfield_, xxviii, 311. ---- ---- ----, ----, xxxiv, 83. ----, observations on the coast survey, xlix, 240. ----, remarks on, _D. Tomlinson_, xxxiv, 81. ----, rise and fall of, vanishes at a central space in the German Ocean, xlii, 158. ---- at Arbroath, remarkable, xlvi, 395. ----, of Mount's Bay, Cornwall, xlvi, 396. ---- observations made at Bristol and Leith, xlii, 150. ---- of London and Liverpool, xxxi, 333. ---- of Cape Cod, xxxiv, 393. ----, supposed, in the North American Lakes, remarks on, _H. Whiting_, xx, 205. ----, ----, ---- ----, _H. A. S. Dearborn_, xvi, 78.^f ----, ----, ---- ----, _D. Ruggles_, xlv, 18. ----, ----, in Lake Superior, _H. R. Schoolcraft_, xx, 213.

Tilgate forest, birds in the strata of, xxix, 362.

Timber, growth of, _A. C. Twining_, xxiv, 391. ----, seasoning of, xii, 163. ----, proper season for cutting, xxxiv, 169. ----, rotting of, in certain situations, xxxii, 380. ----, preserved by pyrolignite of iron, xl, 213.

Tin, purity of, xv, 178. ----, crystallization of, xvii, 206. ----, crystallized from solution, _W. W. Mather_, xxvii, 254. ----, action of metallic, on solutions of muriate of, _A. A. Hayes_, xxxviii, 408. ----, method of separating from antimony, xxvii, 197. ----, alloy of, with bismuth and lead, xxi, 371, 375. ----, ----, with antimony, the action of muriatic and nitric acids on, xlix, 206. ---- ore at Goshen, Mass., xvi, 188; xxii, 62. ---- ----, in New Hampshire, _C. T. Jackson_, xliii, 168; xlix, 34. ---- ----, in Virginia, xliii, 168.

Tinned lead pipes, xxvi, 210, 400.

Tioga coal, xiii, 32, 381.

Titaniferous iron ore, near Baltimore, _T. G. Clemson_, xvii, 42. ---- ---- ----, _P. Berliner_, xxiv, 375.

Titanium, metallic, vii, 192. ----, volatility of, _Zinken_, xxviii, 136. ----, crystals of, in the furnaces of Baden, xii, 189. ---- in scoria, _Wollaston's_ mode of detecting, xix, 188. ---- in rocks, xxviii, 136. ---- ores, in Connecticut, iv, 55. ---- ----, in Greece, xxxi, 175. ---- ----, of Massachusetts, i, 116, 134; vi, 24. ---- ----, in Vermont, iv, 276; vi, 24. ---- ----, in Virginia, ii, 143. ---- ----, in S. Carolina, iii, 228.

Tithonometer, _J. W. Draper_, xlvi, 217.^f

Toad, poison of the common, xiv, 373. ----, living in rocks, _A. Eaton_, xv, 247. ----, in stone or wood, _W. Buckland_, xxiii, 272. ----, vitality of, in rocks, _W. A. Thompson_, xxv, 41. ----, in sandstone at Park Gardens, Coventry, xxix, 353.

Tobacco, chemical experiments on, _C. C. Conwell_, xvii, 369. ----, a remedy for arsenic, xxxi, 188. ----, E. Wright's lecture on the use of, alluded to, xxiv, 190.

Toby, Mount, geology of, vi, 8. ----, ----, Mass., scenery of, vii, 10.

_Tolefree, R._, the voice and its modifications, xxvi, 76.

Tom, Mount, Massachusetts, rests on sandstone, i, 109. ----, ----, height of, and geological structure, vi, 45. ----, ----, scenery of, vii, 9.

Tomatos, acid in, xvii, 115.

Tombacite, xlii, 387.

_Tomlinson, D._, on the tides, xxxiv, 81. ----, on preserving animal fat for soap making, xxxvii, 194.

Tongueless dog, retaining the power to bark, xxxvi, 194.

Tonsil, concretion from, vi, 165.

Topaz, powder of, used as emery, xxxiv, 381. ----, distribution of coloring matter in crystals, and optical properties of, _D. Brewster_, vii, 364. ---- in Ireland, xxix, 374. ---- of Huntington, Ct., x, 352; xi, 192; xii, 158^f; xiv, 229. ---- in Connecticut, at Middletown, _C. U. Shepard_, xxxiv, 324. ---- in the While Mountains, xx, 410. ---- ----, analysis of, x, 352.

Tornado, see under _Wind_.

Toronto picture gallery, xxvii, 178.

Torpedo, experiments on, _Dr. Davy_, xxv, 187. ----, electricity of, xxxii, 198. ----, new species of, _D. H. Storer_, xliv, 213; xlv, 165.^f

Torpedoes of fulminating silver, i, 169.

Torrelite, _J. Renwick_, viii, 192. ---- of Thomson identical with Columbite, _J. D. Dana_, xxxii, 149.^f

_Torrey, John_, on the condensation of carbonic, sulphurous and chloro-chromic acid gases, xxxv, 374; xxxvi, 394.^f ----, on staurotide, i, 435. ----, on siderographite, ii, 176. ----, on an ore of zinc at Ancram, N. Y., v, 235. ----, notice of plants collected by D. B. Douglass, around the Great Lakes and the head waters of the Mississippi, iv, 56. ----, number of indigenous plants of New York state, xl, 77. ----, description of the Usnea acharius, vi, 104.^f ----, Flora, of the Northern and Middle States, notice of, vii, 178; viii, 192; xii, 179. ----, on West Point minerals, ix, 402. ----, and _A. Gray_, Flora of North America of, noticed, xxxv, 180; xxxix, 198; xli, 275; xliv, 420.

_Torrey, Joseph_, proposed reform of orthography, xxxix, 197.

Tortoise, fossil, xvii, 290. ----, a new freshwater, _R. Harlan_, xxxi, 382.^f

_Totten, J. G._, descriptions of some shells of the coast of New
England, xxvi, 366^f; xxviii, 347.^f

Touchwood, xxi, 163.

Tourmaline, electricity of, xvi, 390; xviii, 301. ----, to detect boracic acid in, vi, 157. ----, analysis of, xiv, 384. ----, analyses of varieties of, xv, 389. ---- in Canada, viii, 61. ---- in Connecticut, i, 353; ii, 142, 205, 239, 240; vi, 220, 246; x, 206; xiv, 229; xviii, 361. ---- in Delaware, xiv, 11. ---- in Maine, x, 15; xviii, 293, 299.^f ---- in Maryland, v, 256; xiv, 12; xviii, 78.

---- in Massachusetts, i, 114, 343, 346; iv, 55; vii, 55; viii, 42, 233; ix, 42; x, 18, 214; xii, 259; xiv, 215, 219. ---- in New Hampshire, xxxiv, 107, 204. ---- in New Jersey, ix, 245. ---- in New York, i, 237; ii, 366; iv, 37; xix, 223, 225, 227; xxv, 349. ---- in North Carolina, v, 263. ---- in Pennsylvania, ix, 45; x, 221, 222; xiv, 5, 8, 12, 14. ---- in Rhode Island, ix, 46. ---- in Vermont, i, 114; iii, 76; v, 271. ---- in Virginia, v, 263. ---- of Chesterfield, for sale, xiv, 400.

Tower of Babel, ruins of, xxxvii, 352.

_Town, Ithiel_, new mode of bridge-building, iii, 158.^f

Town's bridges, xxxviii, 276.^f

_Townsend, J. K._, on the ornithology of the United States, xxxvi, 201.

_Townsend, P. S._, titles of memoirs read before the New York Lyceum,
ii, 339, 371.

Toxodon of Patagonia, _R. Owen_, xxxiii, 208; xxxv, 196.

Trachyte, varieties of, xiii, 249; xv, 32. ---- at the Azores, iv, 259.

Tracks, see _Footprints_.

Tract Society of Paris, v, 383.

_Tracy, C._, on the rotary action of storms, xiv, 65.^f ----, on the oil of Indian corn, xliii, 403.

Trade, statistics of, between Great Britain and the United States, xxxiii, 277. ---- winds, remarks on, _W. C. Redfield_, xxv, 124; xxxiii, 61.

_Traill, T. S._, Russian vapor bath, xxiii, 295. ----, on the preservation of animals, xv, 167.

Transactions, notice of, see _Society_.

Transit of Mercury, May, 1845, _D. Olmsted_, xlix, 142.

Transition epoch, nature of organic life during, xxxvi, 12. ----, fossils characteristic of, _T. A. Conrad_, xxxv, 246. ---- rocks of the Cataraqui, xviii, 85; xx, 74^f; xxiv, 97^f; xxx, 233.^f

Transpiration of half the body, xxxix, 400.

Transplanting of trees, xxii, 383.

Transylvania, volcanic character of, xiii, 251.

Trap formation of Antigua, _S. Hovey_, xxxv, 76. ---- of New England and New Jersey, volcanic origin of, _T. Cooper_, iv, 239. ---- ----, igneous origin of, _B. Silliman_, xvii, 119. ---- of New Jersey, connection with the sandstone, v, 240. ----, peculiar porous character of, v, 240. ----, and minerals of, in Nova Scotia, by _Jackson_ and _Alger_, xiv, 305; xv, 132^f, 204. ---- of the Copper Mountains, northern America, xvii, 8. ---- dikes, crescent form of, first observed by _J. G. Percival_, xlvi, 205. ---- ----, ---- ----, remarks on, xlv, 334. ---- ---- of Maine, of four different ages, _C. T. Jackson_, xxxvi, 145. ---- ---- in Vermont, at Montgomery, xxii, 189. ---- ---- in gneiss and granite, in New Hampshire, _O. P. Hubbard_, xxxiv, 105.^f ---- ---- in the Connecticut valley, vi, 46, 47. ---- ---- in Connecticut, xxvii, 104.^f ---- ---- ----, _B. Silliman, Jr._, xlvii, 107. ---- ---- ----, junction of, with sandstone, _A. B. Chapin_, xxvii, 104. ---- ---- ----, ibid, _B. Silliman_, xvii, 123.^f ---- ---- in Massachusetts, at Lowell, Nahant, &c., xxvii, 342. ---- ---- in New York, Essex Co., connection of, with iron ores, _E. Emmons_, xl, 81. ---- ----, ----, ----, _W. C. Redfield_, xxxiii, 316. ---- ---- in Michigan, _D. Houghton_, xli, 184. ---- ---- (natural walls) in North Carolina, _J. Beckwith_, v, 1. ---- ----, ---- ibid, xiv, 242. ---- ---- in Pennsylvania, _H. D. Rogers_, xli, 173. ---- ----, a hundred and twenty miles long, in England, xxxviii, 127. ---- ---- render limestone magnesian, xxix, 351. ----, and rocks altered by, xx, 170. ---- minerals, origin of, _J. D. Dana_, xlix, 49. ---- ---- of New Jersey and New York, xliv, 54.^f ---- ---- of Nova Scotia, xiv, 305; xv, 132, 204. ---- tufa of the Connecticut river valley, _E. Hitchcock_, viii, 245; xlvii, 103.

Trap, optical, for catching animals, v, 200.

Trapezium paddle-wheels, xlii, 336.

Traveller's Society, v, 175.

Travels, _Stevens's_, in Egypt, Arabia, &c., noticed, xxxii, 398.

_Travelli, J. S._, meteorological register kept at Singapore, Nov. 1839
to Feb. 1841, xliv, 151.

Travelling with dog-sleds in the northwest, xiii, 391.^f

Travertine, deposit of, xxxiv, 152.

Tree from which water drops in great quantities, xv, 170. ----, fossil, see _Fossil_.

Trees, beach, interlocking of, xxxii, 379. ----, fruit, propagation of, xxvii, 288. ----, a new method of grafting, ii, 358. ----, method of transplanting, xxii, 383. ----, items on the growth of, xiii, 193. ----, longevity of, xxii, 379. ----, ---- of yew, xxix, 353; xxxi, 358. ----, dug up from a depth of forty feet, in Ohio, xvii, 398. ----, protected from hares, by means of fat, xxi, 159. ----, how protected from insects, x, 204.

_Trego, C. B._, on the coal of Savage Mountain, xli, 186.

Tremolite in Canada, viii, 69. ---- in Connecticut, i, 354; ii, 206, 238; v, 36; vi, 225; viii, 258. ---- in Delaware, x, 224. ---- in Massachusetts, i, 114; ii, 236, 237; vi, 248; vii, 53; viii, 46. ---- in New Hampshire, ii, 241. ---- in New Jersey, v, 30. ---- in New York, vii, 57; ix, 40; xix, 227; xxv, 347. ---- in Pennsylvania, viii, 239; x, 222; xiv, 7, 8, 13. ---- in Rhode Island, iv, 284, 285; viii, 226; x, 10. ---- in Vermont, iii, 76.

_Trevelyan, W. C._, on the temple of Pæstum, xxxvii, 366.

_Treviranus, L. C._, Physiology of Plants, noticed, xxxix, 181.

Triangles, expression of the sides of right-angled, by integral numbers,
_D. Wilkie_, xxiv, 68.

Triarthrus, see _Trilobites_.

Trigonometer, Bolles's, ix, 401.^f

Trilobites, remarks on, _A. Eaton_, xxii, 165. ----, notice of _J. Green's_ monograph on, xxiii, 395. ----, some new, _J. Green_, xxv, 334. ----, structure of, &c., _J. Green_, xxiii, 396; xxxvii, 25; xxxviii, 410. ----, genus Paradoxides of Brongniart, and on the genus Triarthrus, _J. Green_, xxxiii, 341. ----, Calymene Rowii, _J. Green_, xxxiii, 406. ----, Calymene Bufo, _J. Green_, xxxvii, 32; xxxviii, 410. ----, Asaphus polypleurus, _J. Green_, xxxiv, 360. ----, ---- diurus, _J. Green_, xxxvii, 40. ----, Calymene Bucklandii, _J. G. Anthony_, xxxvi, 106.^f ----, Ceratocephala ceralepta, _J. G. Anthony_, xxxiv, 379.^f ----, Ceratocephala goniata, _J. A. Warder_, xxxiv, 377.^f ----, Paradoxides, _J. Hall_, xxxiii, 139.^f ----, Calymene senaria, _T. A. Conrad_, xlii, 230. ----, Ceraurus crosotus, _J. Locke_, xliv, 346^f; xlv, 222.^f ----, Isotelus megistos, _J. Locke_, xlii, 366.^f ----, in Canada, _J. J. Bigsby_, viii, 83. ----, in Kentucky, _J. Walter_, xxxiv, 380. ----, in Ohio, xxxi, 72.^f ----, in New York, xlvii, 363^f, 368^f, 370^f; xlviii, 307^f, 309^f, 311.^f ----, from Staffordshire, xxiii, 203.^f ----, supposed recent, from the New South Shetlands, xxvii, 395.

_Trimmer, J._, on marine shells in the Cefn cave, xxxv, 306. ----, Practical Geology and Mineralogy of, noticed, xliii, 191.

Triphyline, a new mineral, xxviii, 394.

Trisection, curves of, iv, 343.^f

Troglodytes niger, xlvii, 411.

_Troost, G._, amber at Cape Sable, Maryland, iii, 8. ----, minerals of Missouri, xii, 376, 378, 379. ----, some remarks on the coal regions of Tennessee, xxx, 391. ----, Third Report on Tennessee, noticed, xxx, 391. ----, Fourth Report on Tennessee, notice of, xxxiv, 187. ----, Fifth Report, xli, 385. ----, analysis of a meteorite from Tennessee, xxxviii, 250. ----, meteoric iron from Tennessee and Alabama, xlix, 336.^f ----, shower of red matter in Tennessee, xli, 403.

Tropical rains, iv, 375.

Troy Lyceum, ii, 173.

Trumbull, J., Sen., Governor of Connecticut, sketch of, xxxix, 246.

Trumbull, Col. John, notice of, xxxix, 213. ----, historical paintings of, xvi, 163. ----, painting of the Declaration of Independence, i, 200. ----, ---- ibid, notice of, viii, 168. ----, decease of, xlvi, 216.

Trumbull Gallery of Paintings, Yale College, account of, xxxix, 213.^f

Tubes, in sand, lightning, xx, 396. ----, see farther, _Fulgurites_. ----, flexible, elastic, _T. Skidmore_, v, 153.

Tubular sandpipes in chalk, _C. Lyell_, xxxviii, 122.

Tuckahoe or Indian bread, ii, 369.

_Tuckerman, E._, on the Geaster quadrifidus, xxxvi, 380. ----, on the Lichens of New England, xxxvii, 394. ----, observations on some plants of New England, xlv, 27. ----, Enumeratio Methodica Caricum, &c., noticed, xlv, 216.

Tufa, calcareous, in New York state, iii, 236; xv, 247; xviii, 354 (Chitteningo); xxviii, 176; xxxiii, 405. ----, ----, in Indiana, _J. T. Plummer_, xliv, 307. ----, trap, in Massachusetts, _E. Hitchcock_, vi, 61; viii, 245; xlvii, 103.

Tufaceous deposit in India, called Kunker, _Newbold_, xlix, 398. ---- deposits, New York, xxxvi, 11.

Tullia pycnanthemoides, xx, 343.^f

_Tully, Wm._, on the Ergot of rye, ii, 45. ----, on two sorts of Datura in the United States, vi, 254. ----, on narcotine and sulphate of morphine, xxi, 39.

Tumuli, Indian, see _Mounds_.

Tungstate of lime, or calcareous oxide of tungsten, of Connecticut,
analysis of, _G. T. Bowen_, v, 118.

Tungsten ores of Connecticut, i, 312, 316, 405; v, 118; vi, 210. ----, yellow oxide of, iv, 52, 187.

_Tuomey, M._, Nautilus in the Eocene, Virginia, xliii, 187. ----, infusorial stratum at Petersburg, Va., xliv, 339.

Turbo, see ZOOLOGY, _Mollusca_.

_Turner, E._, chemical examination of the fire-damp of the coal mines near Newcastle, xxxvii, 201. ----, on ores of manganese, xxi, 364. ----, obituary notice of, xxxii, 213. ----, Elements of Chemistry of, noticed, xx, 88. ----, ibid, seventh edition, xliv, 189.

Turner's Falls, Mass., vii, 13. ----, fossil footprints at, xlvi, 73.^f

Turnerite, xviii, 392.

Turpentine, purified spirits of, _S. Guthrie_, xxi, 93, 291. ----, Hare's method of purifying, xxxvii, 399. ----, used for destroying worms and insects, xxvii, 197.

_Turpin_, on the analogy of the red globules of the blood to Protococcus, xxxvi, 206. ----, on the red color of agates, xxxvi, 207.

Turquois, vi, 382.

Turtle, stony concretions in the ovary of, xxvii, 163. ----, fossil, in the chalk of Kent, xli, 205.

_Turton, W._, notice of the works of, xxxvii, 161.

Tuscany, boracic acid of, xxviii, 143. ----, ---- ---- lagoons of, _J. Bowring_, xxxvii, 270.

_Tweedie, A._, Practical Medicine of, noticed, xxxix, 398.

Twilight bow, account of, _S. F. B. Morse_, xxxviii, 389.

Twin crystals, formation of, _J. D. Dana_, xxx, 275.^f ---- ---- of Columbite, _C. U. Shepard_, xvii, 358.^f

Twine, see _Cordage_.

_Twining, A. C._, method of resolving equations of the third and fourth degrees, ix, 86. ----, observations on meteors, xi, 184. ----, on the growth of timber, xxiv, 391. ----, on the position and height of some Auroral arches and streamers, xxxii, 217. ----, on the Aurora of September, 1839, xxxviii, 376. ----, supernumerary rainbows, xxxii, 227. ----, halos in January, 1835, xxxii, 229. ----, on the appearance, nature and cause of the meteors of November 13, 1833, in reply to D. Olmsted, xxvi, 320.^f ----, ibid, Nov. 1834, xxvii, 339. ----, suggestions on the solar eclipse of July, 1842, xlii, 395. ----, on the parallelogram of forces, xlvi, 324.^f

Twinkling of fixed stars, v, 156. ---- ---- ----, remarks on, _B. Hallowell_, xv, 360.

Tyfoons of the China Sea, xxxv, 209; xxxvi, 59. ---- at Balasore, xxxv, 220. ---- at Canton, xxxv, 217, 218. ---- at Manilla, xxxv, 220. ----, Raleigh's, xxxv, 210^f; xxxvi, 59. ----, method of escaping, xxxv, 216. ----, see farther under _Winds_.

_Tyler, J. W_., solar halo, seen at Cazenovia, N. Y., xxi, 189.

Tyrannula, see under _Zoology_.

Tyrian dye, xxxviii, 126.

_Tyson, P. T._, on the minerals of Baltimore and Harford Cos., Maryland,
xviii, 78.

U.

Ulcers cured by chloride of lime, xiii, 179.

Ultramarine, artificial, xv, 392; xxii, 368; xxiv, 373; xxvii, 195;
xxviii, 144.

_Unger_, on xanthic oxide in guano, xlix, 200, 391.

Unicorn, on the existence of, _J. F. Laterrade_, xxi, 123.

Unio, see under ZOOLOGY, _Mollusca_.

Unionidæ of the country of the Iguanodon, _G. A. Mantell_, xlvii, 402.^f

Unit, linear, proposed by Davy, xvii, 164.

United States, earliest census of, xxxiii, 278. ----, magnetic chart of, _E. Loomis_, xxxiv, 290; xxxix, 41. ----, plan for the survey of the coast, xvi, 225. ----, architecture in, xvii, 99, 249^f; xviii, 11, 212. ----, culture of silk in, xviii, 278. ----, statistics of iron in, xxii, 179. ----, Medical and Surgical Journal, noticed, xxvii, 180. ----, Naval Lyceum, xxvii, 390. ----, distribution of plants in, _S. Forry_, xlvii, 221. ----, amelioration of climate in, _D. Thomas_, xix, 361. ----, climate of, _S. Forry_, xlvii, 18^f, 221.

Universal terms, _Emma Willard_, xxiii, 18.

Universe, on the formation of, _I. Orr_, vi, 128.^f

University of the State of New York, Report of the Regents of, xxii, 415; xxv, 258^f; xxvii, 177; xxx, 389; xlix, 176. ----, see _Education_.

Upas, analysis of the juice of, xxxix, 206.

_Upham, C. W._, memoirs of J. Prince, xxxi, 201.^f

Ural, mines of, see under _Russia_.

Uranite, _R. Phillips_, vii, 380. ---- in Massachusetts, xxviii, 382. ---- at Chesterfield, Mass., _C. U. Shepard_, xlviii, 179. ---- of Chesterfield, _J. E. Teschemacher_, xlviii, 395.

Uranium, atomic weight of, xlvii, 189. ----, ore of, vii, 194.

_Ure, A._, Dictionary of Chemistry of, noticed, xx, 93. ----, on the composition of gunpowder, xx, 190. ----, analysis of guano, xlviii, 60.

Urea, on the preëxistence of, in uric acid, xli, 46. ---- and uric acid, _J. Liebig_, xxxiv, 40.

Urinary calculi, iv, 149; xvii, 190.

Urine, rosaic acid in, xvii, 385. ----, diabetic, detection of sugar in, xlix, 200.

_Usher, F. C._, on the elevation of the banks of the Mississippi in
1811, xxxi, 294.^f

Uvularia, used for poisoned wounds, xxxv, 270.