Chapter III: Preface (3)

Boracic acid, from the lakes of Cherchaio, ii, 349. ---- ----, in the waters of Vulcano, ii, 349. ---- ----, of Tuscany, xxviii, 143. ---- ----, ibid, _J. Bowring_, xxxvii, 270. ---- ----, reduced by hydrogen, xvii, 176. ---- ----, to detect, in tourmaline, vi, 157. ---- ----, on the origin of, in native compounds, _J. D. Dana_, xlix, 61. ---- ether, xlviii, 189.

Borate of lime, description of, xlvi, 377.^f ---- ----, analysis of, _A. A. Hayes_, xlvii, 215.

Boring for freshwater, see _Wells_.

Boron, method of evolving, _R. Hare_, xxiv, 249.^f

Boston, forts around, viii, 338.

BOTANY.

American, remarks on, _W. J. Hooker_, ix, 263.
----, notices of European herbaria, important to, _A. Gray_, xl, 1.
----, of Alabama, new species, _M. C. Leavenworth_, vii, 61.
----, ----, list of rare plants, _M. C. Leavenworth_, ix, 74.
----, ----, new species, _S. B. Buckley_, xlv, 170.
----, of the Cherokee country, new species, _Mrs. Gambold_, i, 245.
----, of Connecticut, Litchfield, _J. P. Brace_, iv, 292.
----, of Florida, _T. Nuttall_, v, 286.
----, ----, _H. B. Croom_, xxv, 74; xxvi, 313.
----, of Illinois and Missouri, contributions to, _L. C. Beck_,
x, 257; xi, 167; xiv, 112.
----, ---- ----, catalogue, _G. Engelmann_, xlvi, 94.
----, of the Lakes, and headwaters of the Mississippi, _D. B. Douglass
and J. Torrey_, iv, 56.
----, of Maine, list of some plants in, _J. W. Bailey_, xxxii, 22.
----, of N. York, Cylactis, Nemopanthus, Polanisia, three genera,
_C. S. Rafinesque_, i, 377.
----, of New England, observations on some plants in, _E. Tuckerman_,
xlv, 27.
----, of North Carolina, notes on an excursion, _A. Gray_, xlii, 1.
----, ----, new and rare plants, _M. A. Curtis_, xliv, 80.
----, of Ohio, three undescribed species in, _W. S. Sullivant_,
xlii, 49.
----, ----, Belmont Co., _C. Atwater_, i, 226.
----, of the Ottawa river and tributaries, _A. Benedict_, xviii, 349.
----, of Pennsylvania, Easton, list of rare plants,
_L. de Schweinitz_, viii, 267.
----, ----, Northampton Co., _J. Wolle_ and _A. L. Hübener_,
xxxvii, 310.
----, of the southern states, remarks and new localities,
_H. B. Croom_, xxviii, 165.

of Brazil, number of species, xv, 390.

of Chili, lists of, _C. Bertero_, xix, 63, 299; xx, 248;
xxiii, 78, 250.

of Ireland, geographical distribution, xxxi, 367.

of the Pyrenees, xiv, 377.

----, see farther under _Plants_ and _Vegetation_.

_Genera and species described or noticed._

Acacia cavenia, xix, 66.

Aconitum reclinatum, xlii, 34.

Actinomeris pauciflora, v, 301.

Agrimonia suaveolens, xiv, 112.

Agrostis altissima, xlv, 44.
---- concinna, xlv, 42.
---- laxiflora, xlv, 43.
---- perennans, xlv, 44.
---- Pickeringii, xlv, 442.
---- scabra, xlv, 45.

Allium striatum, xi, 177.

Alnus crispa, xlv, 33.
---- incana, xlv, 32.
---- rubra, xlv, 32.

Amorpha caroliniana, xxv, 74.

Amphianthus, genus of plants, _M. C. Leavenworth_, xlix, 127.
---- pusillus, xlix, 127.

Amyris floridana, v, 294.

Anantherax viridis, xi, 174.

Andromeda montana, xlv, 172.
---- polifolia, iv, 62.
---- recurva, xlv, 172.
---- rosemary-leaved, iii, 283.^f

Angelica Curtisii, xlv, 173.

Antiaris toxicaria, or Upas tree, analysis of the juice of,
xxxix, 206.

Apocynum cannabinum, xi, 172.
---- hypericifolium, xi, 172.

Arabis rhomboidea, iv, 66; xviii, 358.
---- patens, xlii, 49.

Arbutus uva-ursi, iv, 62.

Argemone georgiana, xxv, 75.

Arum polymorphun, xlv, 173.

Asarsum, characters of the genus, xlii, 18.

Asclepias, amæna, xi, 173.
---- incarnata, xi, 173.
---- lanceolata, i, 252.^f
---- longifolia, xi, 173.
---- obtusifolia, xi, 173.
---- quadrifolia, xi, 172.
---- venicillata, xi, 173.

Aspidium aculeatum, xlv, 46.

Astilbe, characters of the genus, xlii, 39.
---- decandra, xlii, 39.
---- japonica, xlii, 39.
---- rivularis, xlii, 39.

Atheropogon apludoides, iv, 58.

Avicennia tomentosa, v, 296.

Azalea nudiflora, size of, in Florida, xxvi, 319.

Baptisia simplicifolia, xxv, 74;
-- mollis, xliv, 81.

Batschia canescens, xi, 168.

Betula glandulosa, xlv, 30.
---- Littelliana, xlv, 30.
---- nana, xlv, 31.
---- papyracea, xlv, 31.
---- pumila, xlv, 29.

Boletus igniarius, analogous to animal substances _A. Eaton_,
vi, 177.
Botrychium simplex, vi, 103.^f

Boykinia aconitifolia, xlii, 21.

Campanula rotundifolia, xlv, 27.

Capsicum baccatum, v, 289.

Cardamine rotundifolia, xviii, 356; xlii, 30.

---- uniflora, vii, 63.

Caricography, _C. Dewey_, vii, 264; viii, 93, 264; ix, 60, 257^f;
x, 30, 265^f; xi, 147,^f 304^f; xii, 296^f; xiv, 351^f; xxv, 140^f;
xxvi, 107,^f 376; xxvii, 236^f; xxviii, 270; xxix, 245^f; xxx, 59^f;
xxxix, 50^f; xliii, 90^f; xlviii, 140^f; xlix, 42.^f

Carices, systematic arrangement of, _C. Dewey_, xi, 319.
----, list of, in northern parts of America, _C. Dewey_,
xxviii, 271.
----, in the herbarium of Muhlenberg, _C. Dewey_, xxv, 143.
----, three new species in Alabama, _S. B. Buckley_, xlv, 173.
----, four new species in New England, _E. Tuckerman_, xlv, 39.

Carex acuta, x, 265.
---- æstivalis, xlii, 28.
---- affinis, xi, 305.
---- alba, vii, 266; x, 280; xi, 316.^f
---- alopecoidea, xlv, 39.
---- alpestris, vii, 268.
---- ampullacea, vii, 266.
---- anceps, x, 36.^f
---- aquatilis, x, 267.^f
---- arctica, xxvii, 239.^f
---- aristata, vii, 277^f; xi, 161; xxvii, 240.^f
---- atrata, x, 271.
---- attenuata, xi, 305.
---- Backana, xxix, 250.^f
---- Backii, xlix, 46.^f
---- Baldwinia, xxvi, 107.^f
---- Barrattii, xi, 162; xii, 297.^f
---- binervis, xxx, 61.
---- blanda, x, 45.^f
---- blepharophora, xxx, 59.^f
---- bromoides, viii, 264.
---- Buckleyi, xlviii, 143.^f
---- bullata, ix, 71; xi, 315.
---- Buxbaumii, x, 39.
---- canescens, viii, 93; xlv, 39.
---- capillaris, xi, 149; xxxix, 51.
---- capitata, xxxix, 51.
---- Careyana, xxx, 60.^f
---- Carltonia, xxvii, 238.^f
---- caroliniana, xlv, 173; xlviii, 142.^f
---- castanea, ix, 73.
---- cephalophora, vii, 269; x, 268; xliii, 92.
---- cespitosa, x, 266; xi, 318; xii, 297.
---- cherokeensis, xi, 160.^f
---- chordorrhiza, xlix, 44.
---- collecta, xi, 314.^f
---- columbiana, xxx, 62.^f
---- compacta, xxvii, 237.^f
---- concinna, xi, 152.
---- concolor, xi, 309.
---- Cooleyi, xlviii, 144.^f
---- crinita, x, 270.
---- cristata, x, 44.^f
---- cryptocarpa, xxix, 245.^f
---- dasycarpa, xi, 148.^f
---- Davalliana, x, 283.
---- Davisii, x, 279.^f
---- decomposita, xxv, 140.^f
---- Deweyana, ix, 62.^f
---- digitalis, xi, 147.
---- dioica, x, 283.
---- disperma, viii, 266.^f
---- Drummondiana, xxix, 251.^f
---- Elliottii, xi, 151.^f
---- exilis, xiv, 351^f;
β squamacea, xiv, 351.^f
---- festiva, xxix, 246.^f
---- festucacea, viii, 96.
---- filifolia, xi, 150; xii, 296.^f
---- filiformis, vii, 268.
---- flava, ix, 65.
---- flexuosa, x, 40.
---- floridana, x, 45.^f
---- fœnea, x, 284; xxv, 142.^f
---- folliculata, x, 32.
---- formosa, viii, 98.^f
---- Fraseri, xi, 155.
---- fuliginosa, xi, 152.
---- fulvicoma, xxix, 249.^f
---- gigantea, xi, 164.
---- glaucescens, xi, 150^f; xliv, 84.
---- gracillima, viii, 98.^f
---- granularis, vii, 272; xi, 156.
---- granularioides, ix, 262.^f
---- Grayana, xxv, 141.^f
---- Greeniana, xxx, 61.^f
---- Halseyana, xi, 313.^f
---- hirsuta, ix, 260; xi, 315.
---- Hitchcockiana, x, 274.^f
---- Hoodii, xlix, 42.^f
---- Hookerana, xxix, 248.^f
---- Hoppneri, xlix, 46.^f
---- Houghtoniana, xxx, 63.^f
---- hystericina, x, 35.
---- incurva, xxvi, 376.
---- intumescens, x, 33.
---- lacustris, x, 43.
---- lagopodioides, viii, 95.
---- lanceata, xxix, 249.^f
---- laxa, xxvi, 376.
---- laxiflora, x, 31.
---- lenticularis, vii, 273.^f
---- leucoglochin, x, 42.
---- Liddoni, xlix, 45.^f
---- limosa, x, 41.
---- loliacea, xi, 306.
---- longirostris, ix, 257.^f
---- lupulina, xi, 165.^f
---- ----, var. polystachia xi, 166.^f
---- Lyoni, xlix, 42.^f
---- macrocephala, xliii, 91.^f
---- marcida, xlix, 43.^f
---- marginata, xi, 163.
---- marina, xxix, 247.^f
---- Martensii, xxx, 62.
---- Meadii, xliii, 90.^f
---- media, xi, 309.
---- membranacea, xxix, 247.^f
---- Michauxii, x, 273.^f
---- miliacea, x, 30.
---- miliaris, x, 36.
---- mirabilis, xxx, 63.^f
---- misandra, xi, 153.
---- miser, xlv, 173; xlviii, 141.^f
---- Mitchelliana, xliv, 84; xlviii, 140.^f
---- monile, xlix, 47.^f
---- Muhlenbergii, viii, 265.
---- multiflora, ix, 60^f; xi, 317.
---- muricata, xi, 307.
---- muskingumensis, x, 281.^f
---- mutica, xi, 310; xxix, 252.^f
---- neglecta, xlv, 40.
---- nigricans, xxix, 249.^f
---- nigro-marginata, x, 282.^f
---- novangliæ, ix, 64.^f
---- Nutallii, xliii, 92.^f
---- Œderi, x, 38.
---- Okesiana, xiv, 351.^f
---- oligocarpa, x, 281.^f
---- ovalis, vii, 276; xxvi, 377.
---- ovata, x, 44.
---- pallescens, vii, 267.
---- panicea, xxv, 140.
---- paniculata, x, 275.
---- Parryana, xxvii, 239.^f
---- pedunculata, ix, 259.
---- petasata, xxix, 246.^f
---- petricosa, xxix, 246.^f
---- plantaginea, vii, 272; xi, 155.^f
---- podocarpa, xi, 162; xxix, 251.^f
---- polytrichoides, ix, 258.
---- pseudo-cyperus, ix, 71; xi, 318.
---- pubescens, ix, 73.
---- pyriformis, ix, 69.^f
---- Redowskiana, xxix, 250.^f
---- remota, xi, 309.
---- retroflexa, vii, 271; x, 277.
---- retrorsa, ix, 67.^f
---- Richardsonii, xi, 152.
---- rigida, xlv, 40; xlix, 45.^f
---- riparia, xlix, 47.
---- rosea, x, 276.^f
---- rostrata, xxxix, 52.
---- Sartwellii, xliii, 90.^f
---- saxatilis, xi, 310; xxvii, 236.
---- scabrata, ix, 66.^f
---- Schkuhrii, xxvii, 238.
---- Schweinitzii, ix, 68.^f
---- scirpoides, viii, 96.
---- scoparia, viii, 94.
---- setacea, ix, 61.^f
---- Shortiana, xxx, 60.^f
---- siccata, x, 278^f; xiv, 353.
---- Sparganioides, viii, 265.
---- spectabilis, xxix, 248.^f
---- spherostachya, xlix, 44.^f
---- squarrosa, vii, 270^f; xi, 316.
---- stellulata, xi, 306.
---- stenolepis, xxx, 59.^f
---- stenophylla, xxvii, 237.
---- sterilis, xi, 304.
---- Steudelii, xlix, 46.^f
---- stipata, vii, 271; x, 277.
---- straminea, vii, 276; xi, 157, 318.^f
---- stricta, x, 269.
---- styloflexa, xlv, 174; xlviii, 141.^f
---- Sullivantii, xlii, 29; xlix, 44.^f
---- supina, xxvi, 376.
---- sylvatica, x, 40.
---- tenera, viii, 97.^f
---- tenuiflora, xxxix, 51.
---- teretiuscula, vii, 265.
---- tentaculata, x, 34.
---- tetanica, xi, 312.^f
---- Torreyana, x, 47.
---- Torreyi, xlix, 43.^f
---- triceps, xlviii, 142.^f
---- trichocarpa, vii, 274; xi, 158.^f
---- trisperma, ix, 63.^f
---- Tuckermanii, xlix, 48.^f
---- umbellata, x, 31^f; xi, 316.
---- ursina, xxvii, 240.^f
---- ustulata, xi, 149.
---- Vahlii, xxvi, 377.
---- varia, xi, 162.
---- venusta, xxvi, 107.^f
---- verna, xi, 314.
---- verrucosa, xi, 159^f; xlviii, 140.^f
---- vesicaria, x, 273.
---- vestita, ix, 261.
---- virescens, ix, 259.
---- viridula, xi, 153.
---- Washingtoniana, x, 272^f; xii, 296.
---- Willdenovii, ix, 258; xi, 311.
---- Wormskioldiana, xi, 154; xiv, 352.^f
---- xanthophysa, vii, 274^f; xiv, 353.
---- ---- β nana, 353.^f
---- ---- γ minor, 353.^f

Catalpa syringifolia, x, 259.

Cerastium, _n. sp._, iv. 63.

Cerotiola ericoides, northern limit of, _H. B. Croom_, xxvi, 315.

Cetraria Tuckermanii, xlv, 48.

Chamœrops palmetto, locality of, xxvi, 315.

Charæ of North America, by _A. Braun_, xlvi, 92.

Clematis reticulata, xiv, 115.

Corydalis formosa, and canadensis, xxvi, 114.^f

Cranichis multiflora, v, 302.

Craterium pyriforme, _J. W. Bailey_, xlii, 195.
---- ----, shown to be an Acarus, xliii, 205.^f

Cryptogamia of Chelmsford, notice of a memoir on, by _J. L. Russel_,
xxxix, 183.

Cuscuta cephalanthi, xliii, 336^f; xiv, 73.
---- coryli, xliii, 337^f; xlv, 73.
---- hispidula, xlv, 75.
---- neuropetala, xlv, 75.
---- pentagona, xliii, 340^f; xlv, 76.
---- polygonorum, xliii, 342^f; xlv, 76.
---- saururi, xliii, 339^f; xlv, 74.
---- verrucosa, xliii, 341^f; xlv, 74.
---- vulgivaga, xliii, 338^f; xlv, 73.

Cuscutineæ, N. American, monograph of, _G. Engelmann_, xliii, 333;
xlv, 73.

Cycadeæ, remarks on, with descriptions of the ovula and seeds of
Cycas revoluta, by _A. J. Downing_, xxxii, 45.^f

Cylactis, i, 377.

Cynanchum scoparium, v, 291.

Cyrilla paniculata, v, 290.

Dalea violacea, iv, 66.

Datura, two species in the United States, vi, 254.

Delphinium tricome, xiv, 114.

Dentaria dissecta, vii, 62.

Diervilla sessilifolia, xlv, 174.

Dionæa muscipula, xxvi, 315.

Diphylleia cymosa, xlii, 23.

Diplocea barbata, i, 252.

Dracena borealis, iv, 61.

Eleocharis compressa, xlii, 50.

Elymus hystrix, iv, 58.

Equiseta, North American, _A. Braun's_ monograph, with additions
by _G. Engelmann_, xlvi, 81.

Equisetum arvense, xlvi, 83.
---- boreale, xlvi, 90.
---- eburneum, xlvi, 84.
---- giganteum, xlvi, 91.
---- hyemale, xlvi, 89.
---- lævigatum, xlvi, 87.
---- limosum, xlvi, 86.
---- palustre, xlvi, 85.
---- pratense, xlvi, 85.
---- robustum, xlvi, 88.
---- scirpoides, xlvi, 91.
---- sylvaticum, xlvi, 84.
---- variegatum, xlvi, 90.

Erythronium albidum, xi, 177.

Eupatorium huaco, xxiv, 279.

Fedia radiata, iv, 57.
---- umbilicata, xlii, 50.

Flœrkea, on the genus, _C. S. Rafinesque_, i, 373.

Geum agrimonoides, iv, 64.
---- geniculatum, xlii, 35.

Gnaphalium, decurrens, i, 310, 330.

Gratiola micrantha, v, 287.
---- missouriana, x, 258.

Grevilleanum serratum, xi, 183.^f

Gyropodium coccineum, ix, 56.^f

Hedeoma hirta, x, 260.

Hedyotis purpurea, xlii, 27.

Helianthus Dowellianus, xliv, 82.

Herniaria americana, v, 291.

Heterotropa, characters of the genus, xlii, 18.
---- arifolia, xlii, 19.
---- asaroides, xlii, 19.
---- virginica, xlii, 19.

Hibiscus pentaspermus, v, 298.

Hoteia, characters of the genus, xlii, 39.

Houstonia minima, x, 262.
---- ciliolata, x, 263.
---- cœrulea, x, 263.
---- longifolia, x, 263.
---- purpurea, x, 263.

Hypericum Buckleii, xliv, 80.
---- graveolens, xlv, 174.
---- rosmarinifolium, xiv, 115.

Hyssopus anisatus, iv, 65.

Ilex laurifolia, v, 289.

Iris Duerinckii, xlv, 176.
---- lacustris, iv, 57.

Jatropha manihot, v, 303.

Juncus cylindricus, xliv, 83.
---- Greenei, xlv, 37.

Juniperus repens, iv, 69.

Jussieua tenuifolia, v, 294.

Justicia lætivirens, xlv, 176.

Kalmia cuneata, xxvi, 314.

Kobresia filiformis, xxix, 253.^f
---- globularis, xxix, 253.^f

Lilium canadense, xi, 177.
---- Catesbæi, xi, 177.

Lepidanche, new genus, _C. Engelmann_, xliii, 343.
---- appressa, xlv, 77.
---- compositarum, xliii, 344^f; xlv, 77.

Liatris flexuosa, xxxvii, 388.^f
---- fruticosa, v, 299.
---- oppositifolia, v, 299.
---- scariosa, iv, 67.
---- squarrosa, iv, 66.

Ligustrum vulgare, x, 258.

Limonia acidissima, v, 295.

Lindernia saxicola, xliv, 83.

Lobelia aphylla, v, 297.

Lodoicea sechellarum, notice of, _J. E. Teschemacher_, xxxvii, 396.

Lychnopora, a new genus from South America, notice of, ix, 375.

Lycoperdon tuber, or Indian bread, ii, 369.
---- giganteum, xxxviii, 391.

Lycopodium annotinum, xlv, 46.
---- inundatum, xlv, 47.
---- selago, xlv, 48.

Magnolia grandiflora, xxvi, 314.

Malva Lecontii, xlv, 176.
---- Nutalloides, xxvi, 313.
---- triangulata, vii, 62.

Maranta arundinacea, v, 302.

Matelea lævis, v, 291.

Melanthium virginium, xi, 178.

Monarda allophylla, iv, 56.
---- Bradburiana, x, 260.
---- scabra, x, 260.

Mosses and Ferns of the United States, by _L. C. Beck_, xv, 287.

Mucedinea, on vines, xxix, 367.

Muhlenbergia filipes, xliv, 83.

Mylocarium ligustrinum, xxvi, 319.

Myosotis inflexa, xlvi, 98.
---- macrosperma, xlvi, 98.
---- stricta, xlvi, 98.
---- verna, xlvi, 97.

Myosurus Shortii, i, 379.

Myrrhis canadensis, xi, 175.
---- longistylis, xi, 175.

Nelumbium luteum, iv, 64.

Nemopanthus, i, 377.

Nemostyles cælestina, xlix, 130.
---- gemmiflora, xlix, 131.

Neottia gemmipara, xlvii, 185.

Oakesia Conradii, xlv, 215.

Œnothera sinuata, xi, 180.

Olea americana, northern limit of, _H. B. Croom_, xxvi, 315.

Oligostachyum, iv, 58.

Orchis tribe, synonymy of some species of, _A. Gray_, xxxviii, 306.

Orchis spectabilis, monstrous flower of, _J. W. Bailey_,
xxxv, 117.^f

Oxyria reniformis, xlv, 29.

Panicum longisetum, iv, 58.

Passiflora Warei, v, 297.

Peaches growing on an almond tree, ii, 363.

Penstemon Nuttalli, xiv, 120.

Petalostemon roseum, v, 298.
---- villosum, iv, 66.

Peucedanum ternatum, xxviii, 165.

Phacelia brevistylis, xlv, 172.
---- fimbriata, xlv, 171.
---- Purshii, xlv, 171.
---- pusilla, xlv, 172.

Philadelphus hirsutus, xlix, 130.

Phalangium esculentum, iv, 60.

Phlox bifida, xi, 170.
---- divaricata, xi, 169.
---- glutinosa, xlv, 177.
---- pilosa, xi, 169.

Physalis pubescens, xi, 170.

Piper leptostachyum, v, 287.

Planera or Siberian elm, xx, 377.

Plumbago floridana, v, 290.

Poa modesta, xlv, 45.

Polanisia, i, 378.

Potamogeton Claytoni, xlv, 38.
---- pulcher, xlv, 38.

Potentilla supina, xiv, 114.

Prenanthes aphylla, v, 299.

Primula farinosa, iv, 59.

Prinos coriaceus, v, 293.

Prosartes maculata, xlvii, 201.

Protococcus kermesinus, analogies of, with the red particles of
the blood, xxxvi, 206.

Prunus pennsylvanica, xiv, 112.

Psychotria lanceolata, v, 290.

Pteris alabamensis, xlv, 177.

Pycnanthemi, conspectus of, xlii, 44.

Pycnanthemum albescens, xlii, 45.
---- aristatum, xlii, 44.
---- clinopodioides, xlii, 45.
---- dubium, xlii, 45.
---- hyssopifolium, xlii, 44.
---- incanum, xlii, 45.
---- lanceolatum, xlii, 46.
---- linifolium, xlii, 46.
---- montanum, xlii, 47.
---- muticum, xlii, 46.
---- nudum, xlii, 47.
---- pilosum, xiv, 117; xlii, 46.
---- Torrei, xlii, 46.
---- Tullii, xlii, 45.

Rafflesia, iii, 377.

Ranunculus, new species, near collinus, xiv, 116.

Rosa rubifolia, xiv, 113.

Rottböllia ciliata, i, 357.
---- corrugata, i, 355.

Ruellia ciliosa, xiv, 119.

Sabal Adansoni, xxvi, 315.
---- hystrix, v, 293.
---- minima, v, 293.

Salix ambigua, xlv, 35.
---- Cutleri, xlv, 36.
---- myrtilloides, xlv, 34.
---- phylicifolia, xlv, 35.

Sanguinaria canadensis, xlix, 130.

Sanicula marilandica, xi, 174.

Sarracenia, remarks on the genus and species of, _H. B. Croom_,
xxvi, 316.
---- pulchella, xxv, 75.

Saxifraga Careyana, xlii, 32.

Schænus effusus, northern limit of, _H. B. Croom_, xxvi, 315.

Scutellaria arguta, xlv, 175.
---- saxatilis, xlii, 18.
---- parvula, xiv, 117.

Selloa nudata, v, 300.

Shortia, characters of the genus, xlii, 48.

Silene axillaris, vii, 62.
---- regia, xi, 182.

Silphium, v, 301.

Sium tricuspidatum, xi, 175.

Smilax grandifolia, xlv, 171.

Solorina saccata, xlv, 49.

Sophora affinis, xlix, 130.

Squamaria rubina, notice of, xxxix, 183.

Stachys aspera, iv, 65.

Stanleya amplexifolia, v, 297.

Stillingia ligustrina, xlix, 129.
---- oblongifolia, xlix, 128.

Streptopus maculatus, xlv, 170.

Sullivantia, characters of the genus, xlii, 22.
---- ----, ohioensis, xlii, 22.

Swertia deflexa, found in Maine, xxxii, 23.

Thalictrum clavatum, xlii, 17.
---- debile, xlv, 175.
---- filipes, xlii, 17.

Thermopsis caroliniana, xliv, 80.
---- fraxinifolia, xliv, 81.

Thyrsanthus floridana, xxv, 75.

Tiarella cordifolia, iv, 63.

Tillandsia Bartrami, v, 292.
---- monostachya, v, 292.

Tradescantia virginica, iv, 60.

Trillium recurvatum, xi, 178.
---- viride, xi, 178.

Tullia pycnanthemoides, xx, 343.^f

Ulmus crassifolia, xlix, 129.
---- racemosa, xix, 170.^f

Usnea acharius, from N. South Shetlands, vi, 104.^f

Utricularia intermedia, xlv, 28.
---- nelumbiifolia, xlv, 215.
---- striata, xlv, 29.

Uvularia lanceolata, xi, 178.
---- perfoliata, iv, 61.

Vaccinium hirsutum, xlv, 175.
---- ursinum, xliv, 82.

Valeriana ciliata, xlii, 51.

Verbena bracteosa, xiv, 118.
---- lanceolata, xiv, 118.
---- hybrids of different species, xlvi, 99.

Vicia Douglassii, iv, 66.

Viola, monograph of the American species of the genus,
by _L. D. de Schweinitz_, v, 48.
---- asarifolia, v, 54.
---- bicolor, v, 78.
---- blanda, v, 65.
---- canadensis, v, 68.
---- clandestina, v, 65.
---- concolor, v, 79.
---- cordifolia, v, 62.
---- cucullata, v, 59.
---- debilis, v, 71.
---- eriocarpa, v, 75.
---- hastata, v, 77.
---- lanceolata, v, 64.
---- Nutalli, v, 77.
---- obliqua, v, 60.
---- ochroleuca, v, 69.
---- ovata, v, 58.
---- palmata, v, 51.
---- pedata, v, 50.
---- primulifolia, v, 64.
---- pubescens, v, 74.
---- punctata, v, 67.
---- repens, v, 70.
---- rostrata, v, 72.
---- rotundifolia, v, 63.
---- sagittata, v, 56.
---- striata, v, 76.
---- triloba, v, 57.
---- tripartita, v, 73.
---- uliginosa, v, 72.
---- villosa, v, 61.

Xanthium maculatum, i, 151.

Zizia pinnatifida, xlv, 175.

BOTANY, FOSSIL.

---- of the coal strata, _A. Brongniart_, iv, 266.^f
----, ---- ----, _H. Witham_, xviii, 110.^f
----, ---- ----, of England, iii, 246.
----, ---- ----, of Ohio, at Zanesville, _E. Granger_, iii, 5.^f
----, ---- ----, of Ohio valley, _S. P. Hildreth_, xxix, 1, 151.^f

Abies Benstedi, xlv, 402.

Carpolithus Smithii, xlv, 402.

Culmites, vii, 180.

Ficoidites scabrosus, xxxi, 31.^f

Filicites, generic characters of, vii, 181.

Fucoides bilobata, xlviii, 307.^f
---- demissa, xlvii, 360.^f
---- Harlani, xlviii, 299.^f
----, of New York, xxxvi, 46.
----, of Indiana, xliv, 290.^f
----, of Pennsylvania, xx, 415; xxvii, 347.
----, remarks on, by _Brongniart_, ix, 375.

Palmacites, generic characters of, vii, 182.

Palm, Ohio, xxxi, 35.^f
----, trees, Indiana, _D. D. Owen_, xlv, 336.

Sigillaria, vii, 180.
----, in coal fields near Liverpool, xlv, 403.
----, relation to Stigmariæ, xlix, 227.
----, marineria, xxxi, 30.^f

Stigmaria, vii, 180.
----, relation to Sigillariæ, xlix, 227.

Strobilus caryophyllus, xxxi, 32.^f

Syringodendron, vii, 180.
----, Kirtlandius, xxxi, 29.^f
----, trees and wood, see under _Fossil_.

Zamia sussexiensis, xlv, 401.
----, fossil fruits of, _G. A. Mantell_, xlv, 401.

Botanical collections, notice of several, xlv, 225. ----, fêtes in France, ix, 154. ----, garden, in Russia, at St. Petersburg, xx, 175. ----, ----, in Austria, ii, 340. ----, press, _J. Locke_, xxx, 54.^f ----, works of Rafinesque, xl, 221. ----, ----, notices of various, see under _Works_.

Bottles, glass, strength of, xix, 197. ----, for washing, in chemical manipulations, xxxi, 292.^f

_Botto, G. D._, on electro-chemical action, xxiv, 197; xxix, 369.

Boulders over the northern parts of England, _Prof. Phillips_, xxxi, 360. ----, ibid, _R. I. Murchison_, xxxi, 375. ----, and glaciers in Switzerland, _Agassiz_, xli, 59, 190. ----, of the North of Germany, xxviii, 389. ----, large, in Invernesshire, vi, 158. ----, and diluvial scratches, in the U. States, xli, 174. ----, in New England, their positions attributed to a retiring ocean, ix, 28. ----, in R. Island, _C. T. Jackson_, xl, 184. ----, in Maine, _C. T. Jackson_, xxxvi, 152. ----, in the Connecticut valley, vi, 85. ----, in western N. York, xxxvi, 39. ----, in New York, about the sources of the Hudson and to the southward, xxxiii, 304, 315. ----, on Long Island, xxxvi, 20. ----, of Labrador feldspar, near Pompton, N. J., v, 241. ----, of Ohio, D. and _I. A. Lapham_, xxii, 300. ----, in the valley of the Muskingum, xxix, 11. ----, in Illinois, xxxiv, 141. ----, in Indiana, _J. S. Plummer_, xliv, 296, 303. ----, of gneiss and granite on the Côteau des Prairies, _G. Catlin_, xxxviii, 142. ----, of the Canadian lakes and valley of the St. Lawrence, _C. Lyell_, xlvi, 314. ----, the origin of, remarks on, _P. Dobson_, x, 217. ----, _Murchison's_ citation of _Dobson's_ views on, xliii, 200. ----, transported by ice, in the polar current, _W. C. Redfield_, xxxii, 351. ----, on the supposed transportation of, _J. E. DeKay_, xiii, 348. ----, buoyancy of, at great depths, xxviii, 111. ----, gravel, &c., remarks on, _Sedgwick_, xxxiii, 287. ----, or erratic blocks, theory of, _B. Struder_, xxxvi, 326. ----, glacial theory of _Agassiz_, xlii, 352.^f ----, see farther under _Drift_ and _Scratches_.

Boundaries of empires, affected by Physical Geography, xiv, 18; xvi, 99.

_Bourne, A._, manufacture of glass for optical purposes, xl, 207. ----, prairies and barrens of the west, ii, 30. ----, presentation of shells to Yale College, xxxix, 195. ----, resistance of liquids, xxviii, 231.

_Bourne, W. O._, Bergen Hill minerals, xl, 69.

_Bowditch, N._, life and character of, _A. Young_, xxxv, 1.^f ----, obituary notice of, xxxiv, 220. ----, notice of, by the Duke of Sussex, xxxvi, 214. ----, list of the scientific papers of, xxxv, 46. ----, Mécanique Céleste, publication of, xxxv, 17. ----, Treatise on Navigation, by, origin of, xxxv, 9.

_Bowdoin, J._, account of an irised aurora, xviii, 72.

_Bowen, A. W._, Floral Calendar for 1826-7, as kept in Herkimer Co.,
N. Y., xvi, 48.

_Bowen, G. T._, analysis of a siliceous hydrate of copper from New Jersey, viii, 118. ----, ---- the tungstate of lime, of Huntington, Ct., v, 118. ----, description and analysis of Sillimanite, viii, 113. ----, localities of spodumene in Massachusetts, viii, 121. ----, magnetic effects produced by _Hare's_ calorimoter, v, 357.

_Bowman, J. E._, infusorial vegetable remains in England, xl, 174.

_Boué_, geological journey, ix, 23.

_Bowring, J._, on the boracic acid lagoons of Tuscany, xxxvii, 270.

_Boyé, M. H._, production of a perchloric ether, xl, 50. ----, on perchloric ether, xlii, 63.

_Brace, J. P._, list of plants growing in Litchfield Co., Conn., iv, 69, 292. ----, on the minerals of Litchfield Co., Ct., i, 351. ----, on the Phalæna devastata or cut-worm, i, 154.

_Braconnot_, on xiloidine, xxviii, 131.

_Brady, Samuel_, legend of, xxxi, 43.

Brady's Hill, legend of, xxxi, 20.

Brain of idiots, defective, xxxiv, 31.

_Brandes, H. W._, notice of, xxviii, 97. ----, observations on shooting stars, xv, 168; xxviii, 97; xxxiii, 361; xxxv, 231, 361.

Brandy from potatoes, _Siemen's_ process for making, ix, 386.

_Braun, A._, Charæ of North America, xlvi, 92. ----, on North American Equiseta, xlvi, 81.

Brazil, number of known plants in, xv, 390.

Bread, on alcohol in, xxiii, 194; xxvi, 211. ----, use of sulphate of copper and other saline materials in making, _M. Kuhlmann_, xx, 269.

Breast wheels, _A. B. Quinby_, xi, 333.

Breathing, voluntary, v, 203.

Breccia, cemented by hematitic iron, viii, 18. ----, quartzose, in western Massachusetts, viii, 18.

Breislakite, xi, 250.

_Breithaupt's_ specific gravities of minerals, table of, xxxi, 268.

_Bremicker's_ comet, xl, 207.

Brevicite, a new mineral species, xxx, 178.

_Brewster, D._, on the distribution of the coloring matter and the optical properties of the Brazilian topaz, vii, 364. ----, a new fluid in minerals, vii, 186. ----, new structure in the diamond, xxxiv, 37. ----, monochromatic lamp, vii, 363. ----, double refraction resulting from pressure, xxi, 296. ----, cause of double refraction in crystals, xxi, 299. ----, on the polarization of light by reflection, xxii, 277.^f ----, on the action of second surfaces of transparent plates upon light, xxiii, 28.^f ----, laws of the polarization of light by refraction, xxiii, 225.^f ----, a new properly of light, xxxiv, 20. ----, a new kind of polarity in homogeneous light, xxxv, 292. ----, new discoveries with the spectrum, xliv, 163, 164. ----, dichroism of some palladio-chlorides, xliv, 165. ----, on the cause of muscæ volitantes, xl, 333. ----, on the decomposition of glass, and on the polarization of decomposed glass, xl, 324, 325. ----, on the line of visible direction, along the axis of vision, xl, 334. ----, cause of increase of color when objects are seen with the head inverted, xl, 343. ----, action of gaseous and other media on the solar spectrum, xlii, 157.

_Brewster's_ (_Gilbert_) frame for spinning wool, notice of, x, 130.

Brewsterite, xx, 198.

Bricks of the ancients, xxvi, 234. ---- made near Jamaica, N. Y., xxxvi, 21. ---- made by a press, vi, 396. ----, use of anthracite in the making of, _W. Meade_, xviii, 118. ----, fire, made at Bennington, Vt., xxxii, 195; xxxiii, 202.

Bridge-building, _Town's_ new mode of, iii, 158^f; xxxviii, 276.^f

Bridge, description of, _G. W. Long_, xviii, 123.^f ----, chain, in progress, over the Menai, an arm of the Irish sea, vi, 384.

Brines, see _Salt_ and _Springs_.

_Bringier, L._, geology, mineralogy, aboriginal inhabitants, &c. of the
regions of the Mississippi, iii, 15.

Bromine, discovery of, by _M. Balard_, xii, 198. ----, nature of, xiii, 398. ----, new compounds of, xiv, 386. ----, preparation of, xviii, 154. ----, and iodine, atomic weight of, _Berzelius_, xix, 383. ----, hydrate of, xx, 194. ----, combinations of, _C. Löwig_, xviii, 153. ----, and iodine in mineral waters, remarks on, _Prof. Daubeny_, xxi, 366. ----, and iodine in the Baltic, xix, 382. ----, in the Salina brines and Saratoga waters, xviii, 142. ----, in the Kenawha waters, xviii, 260. ----, in the Hingham salt works, Mass., xx, 161. ----, and iodine in the salt springs at Athens, Ohio, _W. W. Mather_, xlix, 211.

_Brongniart, Al._, miscellaneous geological and mineralogical observations, iii, 216. ----, on the art of pottery and vitrification, new work of, xxxi, 134. ----, on organized remains, notice of, i, 71; iv, 396. ----, seven classes of rocks, xxxix, 149. ----, zoological characters of rocks, and the application of these characters to determining some strata of the chalk era, viii, 213.

_Brongniart, Ad._, on the nature of the vegetables of the earth at
different epochs of its formation, xxxiv, 315.

Bronzing iron and gun barrels, method of, xxx, 173.

Bronzite, analysis of, (Seybertite,) _T. G. Clemson_, xxiv, 171. ----, locality of, in New York, xvi, 185; xxi, 327.

Brookite, xviii, 392.

_Brown, S._, substance accompanying the native nitre of Kentucky,
i, 146.

_Brown_, production of silicon from paracyanogen, xli, 208.

_Brown's_ active molecules, xvii, 390.

Brown spar in Massachusetts, viii, 235; in New York, ii, 237.

_Browne, J. B._, impression in marble, xix, 361.^f

_Bruce, Archibald_, biographical notice of, i, 299.^f

Brucite, see _Chondrodite_.

Bubbles, blown in melted rosin, ii, 179.

_Buckland, Prof._, Bridgewater Treatise of, noticed, _C. Lyell_, xxxiii, 112. ----, instructions for conducting geological investigations and collecting specimens, iii, 249. ----, on the vitality of toads enclosed in stone or wood, xxiii, 272.

_Buckley, S. B._, botanical labors of, xlii, 12. ----, new species of plants, xlv, 170. ----, skeleton of a Zygodon, xliv, 409.

_Buel, J._, excrementitious matter thrown off by plants, xxviii, 267.

Buhrstone in Indiana, i, 132. ----, in Missouri, iii, 28. ----, of Ohio, xxix, 142; xxv 233.

Building stone, expansion and contraction of, by variations of temperature, _W. H. C. Bartlett_, xxii, 136.^f ----, ---- in western New York, xxxvi, 45.

_Burden's_ boat, introduced into France, xxx, 174.

_Burgess, A._, a notice of bees, xxii, 164.

_Burnett, G. T._, on the functions of vegetable life, xxi, 153.

Burning well, Ohio, xlix, 406.

Burns, a tried cure, xxvi, 188.

_Burritt, E. H._, on the elements of the solar system, xxvi, 129.

Bustamite, xviii, 392.

Butter, depuration of, xxiv, 200. ----, preservation of, xviii, 145. ----, volatile acids of, _J. U. Lezch_, xlix, 202.

Butterflies, emigration of, xiv, 387.

Butyric acid from fibrin, xlviii, 186. ----, ether, action of ammonia on, xlviii, 191.

_Byrne, O._, mode of determining heights, xliv, 12.^f