Chapter XLIV: Appendix: On Trematoda and Nematoda (6)

Cycloleppteron, characters, 561, 567

_Cyclophyllidea_, 308

_Cyclopidæ_, characters, 390

Cyclops, characters, 390

-- intermediate host of _Dracunculus medinensis_, 388

-- _virescens_, 389

_Cyclospora_, 141

_Cyrtoneura stabulans_, larvæ of, habitat, 585

Cysticerci, cutaneous and muscular, symptoms set up by, 663

-- -- -- treatment, 663

-- development from oncosphere of _Tæniidæ_, 303

-- early researches on, 282

-- experimentally reared from tapeworms, 15

-- number of, in relation to species of Tæniæ, 16

-- origin of, 14

-- regions of body site of, 663, 664

-- subretinal, 664

-- tapeworms experimentally reared from, 15

Cysticercoid, morphology of, diagram showing, 301

Cysticercoids, echinococcus-like conditions in, 304

_Cysticercus acanthotrias_, 336

-- -- and _C. cellulosæ_, 336, 337

-- _bovis_, 340

-- -- amount of prevalence in ox, 340, 341

-- -- -- -- -- in Prussia and Berlin, 341

-- -- artificial infection of human beings with, 340

-- -- rarity in man, 341

-- _cellulosæ_, amount of injury inflicted by, depends on situation
in body, 8

-- -- development to _Tænia solium_, 340

-- -- infection of skin and subcutaneous tissues, 662

-- -- and _C. acanthotrias_, 336, 337

-- -- decrease of frequency in pork, how effected, 334

-- -- development, time taken for, 334

-- -- habitat, 332, 333

-- -- hosts of, 332

-- -- how conveyed to man, 334, 335

-- -- in man, 335

-- -- -- long persistence of, 337

-- -- in sheep, 337

-- -- organs of body invaded by, 335

-- -- sex distribution of invasion by, 335

-- -- vitality of, 334

-- development of, 301, 302

-- -- diagram showing, 303

-- _fasciolaris_, host of, 338

-- -- possible means of spread to man, 338

-- forms of, 301

-- morphology of, diagram showing, 301

-- _ovis_, 337

-- papilliform invagination into bladder, 301

-- _pisiformis_, hosts of, 338

-- -- in evaginated condition, 304

-- _racemosus_, 335, 336

-- _tenuicollis_, 337, 338

-- -- experimental rearing of tapeworms from, 15

-- with developed scolex at bottom of invagination, 304

_Cystoflagellata_, 52

Cysts, intestinal, Œsophagostomum contained in, 441, 443, 444

Cytorhyctes, 208

-- _aphtharum_, 208

-- cytoplasm of, 209

-- _luis_, 124, 208

-- _scarlatinæ_, 208

-- _vacciniæ_, 208

-- _variolæ_, 208

-- -- minute granules in, 210

D.

Dactylomyia, characters, 562

Daniels, C. W., iridocyclitis in trypanosomiasis, 623

-- -- parasitic coleopterous larva (footnote), 542

-- -- treatment of trypanosomiasis, 622

-- -- yellow pigment in kidney and liver cells in ancylostomiasis, 647

Danielsia, characters, 564

Danilewsky, discovery of endoglobular parasites, similar to
malarial, in birds, 157

-- -- of _Leucocytozoa_ by, 153

Danube, banks of, _Simulium columbaschensis_ plague on, 578

Darling, experimental infection with _Sarcocystis muris_, 192

-- _Endotrypanum schaudinni_, 99

-- _Histoplasma capsulatum_, 112

-- researches on _Entamœba tetragena_, 38, 40, 41

Darwin, Charles, great black bug of Pampas (_Conorhinus renggeri_), 539

Dauernheim, Ascarides in bile-ducts, 688

Daughter cysts of echinococcus, 350, 351

-- -- -- mode of origin, 350, 351, 352

Davaine, _Cercomonas hominis_, 61

-- milk cure in expulsion of _Strongyloides stercoralis_, 675

-- mode of development of _Ascaris lumbricoides_, 464, 465

_Davainea asiatica_, 662

-- -- morphology, 330

-- _madagascarensis_, association with chyluria, 662

-- -- cases of human infection by, 330

-- -- morphology, 329

-- morphology, 329

_Davaineidæ_, 309, 329

_Davaineinæ_, 309, 329

Davidson, bite of _Rasahus biguttatus_, 540

Deeks, W. E., treatment of amœbic dysentery, 619

Deguy, see _Labadie-Lagrave and Deguy_

Deinocerites, characters, 564

Delanoë, pneumocysts in rats, 90

Delhi boil, see _Oriental sore_

Demarquay, observation of _Filaria bancrofti_ in man, 390

_Demodex folliculorum_, 521

-- -- affecting eyelids, 708

-- -- as cause of chalazion, 708

-- -- characters, 522

-- -- infection by, treatment, 708

-- -- -- views of different authors respecting, 708

-- -- synonyms, 522

-- -- var. _canis_, 522

-- -- -- infection by, transmission from dog to man, 709

-- -- -- -- treatment, 709

_Demodicidæ_ (mites of hair follicles), characters, 522

_Dendriomyia_, characters, 565

Dengue fever, micrococcus supposed carrier, 576

Dermacentor, characters of, 497

-- _occidentalis_, bite of, effects, 504

-- -- characters and morphology, 504

-- -- (wood tick), characters, 504

-- _reticulatus_, hosts of, 502, 503

-- -- transmission of _Babesia caballi_ by, 178

-- _variabilis_, 505

-- _venustus_, characters and morphology, 503

-- -- hosts of, wild and domestic, 504

_Dermanyssus gallinæ_, disinfection methods against, 704

-- -- effect on skin of host, 492

-- -- infection, symptoms set up by, 703

-- -- morphology, 492

-- -- synonyms, 492

-- _hirundinis_, disinfection against, 704

-- -- skin affections due to, 492

Dermatitis intertriginoides set up by _Oxyuris vermicularis_, 696

_Dermatobia cyaniventris_, 596, 597

-- -- characters, 598

-- -- geographical distribution, 598

-- -- hosts of, 596

-- -- larvæ of, characters, 597

-- -- local or vernacular names for, 598

-- -- see also _Mosquito worm_

-- _noxialis_, 597

-- -- larvæ of, skin disease caused by, 725

_Dermatocentor reticulatus_, var. _occidentalis_, carrier of Rocky
Mountain spotted fever, 496

Dermatodectes, 521

_Dermatophagoides scheremetewskyi_, 521

Dermatophilus, 543

-- _cæcata_, 544

-- _penetrans_ (jigger, chigoe), characters and morphology, 544

-- -- -- -- geographical distribution, 544

-- (_Sarcopsylla_) _penetrans_ (sand flea), entrance beneath skin, 714

-- -- -- host of, 613

-- -- -- lesions produced by, 714

-- -- -- -- -- treatment, 715

-- -- -- possible carrier of leprosy, 613

Dermo-muscular layer of nematodes, 361

Derrieu and Raynaud, chronic dysentery due to trichomonads, 624

-- -- trichomonad-like organism discovered by, 624, 735

Desvoidea, characters, 563

Dévé, experimental development of hydatid scolices, 353

Diarrhœa associated with _Balantidium coli_, 201

-- -- with invasion by _Balantidium minutum_, 204

-- -- with _Lamblia intestinalis_, 59, 625

-- -- with _Trichomonas hominis_, 54, 624

-- -- with presence of _Watsonius watsoni_, 235

-- -- with _Prowazekia asiatica_, 65

-- blood-stained, in _Strongyloides stercoralis_ infection, 674, 675

-- caused by _Difämus tunensis_, 57

-- chylous, from _Filaria bancrofti_ infection, 678

-- (Cochin-China) in cases of infection with _Strongyloides
stercoralis_, 380, 381

-- flagellate, 623

-- -- climatic distribution, 623

-- infantile, spread by house-fly, 586

-- white (or white scour), in fowls, causal agent, 145

_Dibothriocephalidæ_, 308, 309

-- morphology, 308

_Dibothriocephalinæ_, 308, 309

-- morphology, 308

Dibothriocephalus, 309

-- _cordatus_, 315

-- -- cephalic end, 315

-- -- hosts of, 315

-- excretory apparatus, collecting tubes, island formation, 292

-- _felis_, 313

-- _latus_, 310

-- -- chains of segments, 311

-- -- development, 311

-- -- developmental cycle of, 16

-- -- disturbances produced by, in man, 314

-- -- duration of life, 315

-- -- embryophore of, 298

-- -- experimental infection of man with, 312

-- -- geographical distribution, 313, 314

-- -- growth of, 306

-- -- habitat in man, 658

-- -- head of transverse section, 311

-- -- hosts of, 313

-- -- human parasite invading animals, 7

-- -- in muscles of trunk of burbot, 313

-- -- intermediate host of, 255

-- -- means of transmission to man and other hosts, 314

-- -- mode of infection, 658

-- -- morphology, 310

-- -- ova of _Fasciola hepatica_ to be distinguished from, 242

-- -- ovum of, development, 312

-- -- parasitic association with _Tænia solium_, 658

-- -- percentage in sufferers from tapeworms in various localities, 314

-- -- plerocercoids of, 313

-- -- -- habitat and host, 311

-- -- -- how destroyed, 315

-- -- -- inhabiting fish, 314

-- -- proglottids of, average number found daily, 312

-- -- proglottis, fairly mature, stained preparation, 311

-- -- prophylaxis against, 668

-- -- supposed origin of, 11

-- -- symptoms produced by infection by, 667, 668

-- -- synonyms, 310

-- -- topographical anatomy, transverse section through proglottis
showing, 296

-- morphology, 309

-- _parvus_, habitat, 316

_Dibothriocephalus parvus_, how distinguished from _D. latus and
D. cordatus_, 316

-- -- morphology, 316

-- plerocercoid of, 300

-- synonyms, 309

_Dicrocœiidæ_, morphology, 232, 265

_Dicrocœlium dendriticum_, intermediate host unknown, 267

-- -- morphology, 266

-- -- organs of, diagram showing, 265

-- -- ova and miracidia, 266

-- -- synonyms, 266

-- _lanceolatum_, incidental human parasite, 7

Diesing, first record of case of _Metastrongylus apri_ in man, 433

_Difämus tunensis_, cause of diarrhœa, 57

-- -- characters, 57

_Difflugia enchelys_, 47

_Digenea_, morphology, 230

Digestive system, loss of, in parasites, 3

_Dinoflagellata_, 52

Dioctophyme, 431

-- _gigas_, hosts and habitat in body, 431

-- -- in man, source of, 431

-- -- infection by, 431

-- -- morphology, 431

-- -- ova of, 432

-- -- synonyms, 431

_Dioctophymidæ_, 431

-- characters, 375

Dionis de Carrières, liver-fluke in right hypochondriac region, 244

_Diphyllobothrium_ (_Bothriocephalus_) _ditremum_, discovery of
progeny of, 13

_Diplodiscus subclavatus_, hosts of, 6

Diplogonoporus, morphology, 316

-- _grandis_, egg of, 298

-- -- morphology, 316

-- -- ventral view of genitalia of left side, 317

-- -- -- -- of portion of strobila, 317

_Diptera_, bibliography, 612

-- biting-mouthed and other noxious carriers of disease, 600

-- characters, 531, 532

-- digestive tract of, inhabited by Herpetomonads, 102

-- larvæ of, in man, references to, 599

_Dipylidiidæ_, 309, 320

Dipylidium, morphology, 320

-- synonyms, 320

-- _caninum_, 320

-- -- confused with _Tænia solium_, 660

-- -- cysticercoids of, 322

-- -- -- hosts of, 322

-- -- dogs and cats infected with, through skin parasites, 323

-- -- embryo of, development, 321

-- -- expulsion of, drugs suitable for, 660

-- -- hosts of, 6, 7, 322

-- -- invasion by, effect on central nervous system, 649

-- -- morphology, 320

-- -- oncosphere of, 299

-- -- oncospheres of, animals selected as hosts for development, 299

_Dipylidium caninum_, prevalence of infection by, in children, 659, 660

-- -- proglottids of, 322

-- -- proglottis of, central portion, 321

-- -- region of human body inhabited by, 660

-- -- rostellum of, 289

Dirksen, effect on anæmia of expulsion of _Tænia solium_, 648

_Dirofilaria immitis_, 417

-- _magalhaesi_, morphology, 417

-- morphology, 416

-- _repens_, 417

_Discophora_, see _Hirudinea_

_Disporea_ in _Myxosporidia_, 182, 184

Distoma, opercula of ova of, discovery, 12

-- _echinatum_, redia of, in later stage, 227

Distomata, morphology, 231

-- _cercariæ_, 753

_Distomum ophthalmobium_, 244

Doeveren, van, on transmission of intestinal worms, 11

Doflein, Coccidiomorpha, 129, 151

-- Cnidosporidia, 129, 194

-- _Entamœba kartulisi_, 44

-- _Trypanosoma equiperdum_, 97

Dog and cat, parasites common to, 6

-- blood of, life-cycle of _Babesia_ (_Piroplasma_) _canis_ in, 175

-- _Dipylidium caninum_ parasite in, 322

-- fleas, natural flagellates in, 111, 112

-- -- transmission of canine kala-azar by, 103

-- -- see also _Ctenocephalus canis and Pulex serraticeps_

-- host of _Dibothriocephalus latus_, 313, 315

-- -- of _Paragonimus kellicotti_, 250

-- intestine of, _Isospora bigemina_ parasitic in, 149

-- mange, transmission to man, 523

-- rearing of _Tænia echinococcus_ in, 356

-- to dog, transmission of leucocytogregarine from, by tick, 155

-- transmission of infection with _Demodex folliculorum canis_
to man, 709

Dogs, contraction of surra by, 96

-- dermal infection with larvæ of _Ancylostomum duodenale_, 455

-- echinococci in, 346

-- experiments with, to prove transmission of infantile kala-azar
by fleas, 111

---- infected with _Dipylidium caninum_ through skin parasites, 323

-- infection with infantile leishmaniasis, 110

-- -- -- -- experimental, 110

-- -- -- -- natural, 110

-- _Leishmania tropica_ in, 108

-- malignant jaundice in, carrier of, 493

-- -- -- cause of, 177

-- nagana fatal to, 94

-- percentage infected with _Tænia echinococcus_ in various cities
and countries (footnote), 345

-- prevention of echinococcus infection by, 346

-- segregation of, as preventive against Oriental sore, 628

-- skin diseases in, due to young nematodes, 378

_Doliocystidæ_, 135

Domestic animals, species of Sarcoptes transmissible from, to man, 520

-- -- trypanosomes deleterious or lethal to, 69, 70

Dormouse, inoculation of _Trypanosoma lewisi_ into, 90

Dornblüth, method of evacuation of _Oxyuridæ_, 697

Dörr, tapeworm drug recommended by, 674

Dourine, anæmia and paralysis in, 97

-- periods or stages of, 97

-- trypanosome causing, 97

Dovecots, habitat of _Argas reflexus_, 506

Dracontiasis, disorder named by Galen, 386

_Dracunculidæ_, 385

-- characters, 374

_Dracunculus medinensis_ (Guinea worm), anterior extremity, 387

-- -- expulsion by extraction, 676

-- -- -- methods and drugs for, 676

-- -- female, transverse section of, 388

-- -- infection by, prophylaxis against, 676

-- -- -- symptoms and lesions following, 389

-- -- intermediate host, 388

-- -- larvæ of, 388

-- -- life-history, 386, 388

-- -- methods of extraction from body, 389

-- -- morphology, 386

-- -- period of development in man, 389

-- -- regions of body inhabited by, 386

-- -- synonyms, 386

-- -- viviparous nematode, 371

-- morphology, 385

Dromedaries, “mbori” in, 96

Drone fly, 583, 584

_Drosophila melanogaster_, larvæ of, characters and habitat, 584

-- -- -- effects produced by ingestion of, 584

_Drosophilidæ_, characters and habitat, 584

Drouillard, favourable effects of expulsion of _Ascaridæ_, 649

Drugs, reaction of spirochætes to, 115

Dubini, _Filaria_ (_?_) _conjunctivæ_ in man, 405

Dubreuilh, infection with _Demodex folliculorum_, 708

Ducks, destruction of mosquito larvæ by, 636

-- how infected by _Echinostoma echinatum_, 226

Dufour, creation of name _Gregarina_ by, 129

Duguet, maculæ cæruleæ (_tâches bleues_) due to infection by crab
louse, 712

Dujardin, development of Tæniæ, 14

-- psorosperms, 181

Duke, anterior station of trypanosomes in _Glossinæ_, 101

-- _Trypanosoma gambiense_ in antelope, 76

Dum-dum fever, 105

Dumesnil, larvæ of _Muscidæ_ in nose, 720

Duodenum, flagellate stage of _Lamblia intestinalis_ found in, 59

-- human, habitat of _Ancylostoma duodenale_, 450

-- possible invasion by _Balantidium minutum_, 204

-- species of Trichostrongylus inhabiting, 435, 436

Durham, specimens of Leptus (_bête rouge_), 486

Dutton, _Trypanosoma gambiense_, 68

-- and Todd, herpetomonads in mice, 738

-- -- researches on _Spirochæta duttoni_, 116, 117

Duval, liver-flukes in veins, 243

Dysentery, amœba as causal agent, 30, 34

-- -- -- -- experiments made to prove, 30, 40, 618

-- amœbic, acute, symptoms, 618

-- -- carriers, 618

-- -- chronic, 618

-- -- experimental production, 618

-- -- gangrenous, treatment, 619

-- -- incubation period long, 618

-- -- latent, 618

-- -- -- leading to liver abscess, 618

-- -- preventive measures, 620

-- -- relief of griping and straining, 618, 619

-- -- treatment by emetine hydrochloride,618, 619

-- -- -- by ipecacuanha, 619

-- -- -- by preliminary administration of castor oil, 619

-- -- -- of liver abscess, 620

-- -- -- surgical, 619

-- association of _Lamblia intestinalis_ with, 59, 625

-- -- of Noc’s entamœba with, 41

-- -- of Trichomonas with, 56, 624

-- bacillary, 31

-- -- _Entamœba coli_ present in cases of, 38

-- bacillus, discovery of, 31

-- balantidian or ciliate, 201, 202, 637

-- -- -- prophylaxis, 637

-- -- -- symptoms, 637

-- -- -- treatment, 637

-- discoveries of Cholera Investigation Commission with regard to, 30

-- discovery of intestinal amœbæ in cases of, 30

-- flagellate, 623

-- -- diet in, 625

-- -- geographical distribution, 624

-- -- prognosis, 625

-- -- prophylaxis, 625

-- -- protection of food supply against fæcal contamination in, 625

-- -- treatment, 624, 625

-- followed by recovery from oxyuriasis, 698

-- production by injection of amœbæ into cats, 35

-- red, geographical distribution, 147, 741

-- -- in cattle, cause of, 147

-- so-called, due to mites, 512

-- spread by house-fly, 586

-- treatment by bismuth subnitrate, 619

_Dysodius lunatus_, bite of, 541

E.

Ear, abscess of, liver-fluke in, 244

-- parasites in, 615

-- -- see also _Myiasis, auricular_

Ears of hosts infested by _Ornithodorus mégnini_ rendered painful, 510

Earth-eating in connection with _Trichuris trichiura_ infection, 679

East Coast fever in cattle, cause of, 178, 179

-- -- -- -- pathogenic agent, 174

Eau de Cologne, application in nasal myiasis, 719

Echidnophaga, 543

Echinococcus, brood capsules, 349

-- -- -- and scolices, mode of formation, 348, 349

-- -- -- transformation into daughter cysts, 351, 353

-- _cysticus fertilis_, 350

-- cysts causing urticaria, 651

-- daughter cysts, 350

-- definition of, 301

-- fluid, chemistry of, 353

-- frequency of infection by, of various organs in slaughtered
animals, 347

-- _hominis_ in liver, incised fibrous capsule and wall showing
daughter cysts, 351

-- in dogs, oxen, sheep and pigs, 346

-- in man, age incidence, 355

-- -- death at various stages of development, 356

-- -- geographical distribution, 354, 355

-- -- organs of body invaded by, 355

-- -- percentage of prevalence in Central Europe, 354

-- -- secondary, 356

-- -- sex incidence, 355

-- infection, prevention of spread by dogs, 346

-- _multilocularis_ (alveolar colloid), development, 357, 358

-- -- -- -- feeding experiments with Tænia from, 358

-- -- -- -- hooklets of, 359

-- -- -- -- in liver of ox, 357

-- -- -- -- in man, early disintegration, 357

-- -- -- -- -- geographical distribution, 358

-- -- -- -- -- invasion, results of, 358

-- -- -- -- -- -- site of, 358

-- -- -- -- morphology of, 356

-- -- -- -- reasons for distinction from hydatid or unilocular, 357, 358

-- of liver rupturing into abdominal cavity, 652

-- rate of growth, 354

-- rich in glycogen, 348

-- scolex, 349

-- -- development in rabbits, 353

Echinococcus scolex in process of vesicular metamorphosis, section
through, 351

-- -- invaginated, section through, 350

-- -- transformation into daughter cyst, 352

-- scolices in, 303, 349

-- serum diagnosis of, 359

-- structure and development, 347

-- _veterinorum_, 350

-- -- brood capsules and scolices, 350

-- -- hooklets of, 355

Echinorhynchus, anatomy, 475

-- excretory organs, 475, 476

-- “floating ovaries” of, 150

-- _gigas_, hosts of, 477

-- -- incidental human parasite, 7

-- -- intermediate hosts, 477

-- -- morphology, 477

-- _hominis_, 478

-- _moniliformis_, hosts, habitat and intermediate host of, 478

-- nervous system, 475

-- ova of, 477

-- protrusor proboscidis, 475

-- receptaculum proboscidis, 475

-- retractor proboscidis, 475

-- -- receptaculi, 475

-- sexual organs, 476

Echinostoma, cercariæ of, 225

-- _echinatum_, method of infection of ducks and geese by, 226

-- _ilocanum_, habitat, 268

-- -- morphology, 267

-- -- organs of, diagram showing, 268

-- _malayanum_, habitat, 269

-- -- morphology, 268, 269

-- morphology, 267

_Echinostomidæ_, 267

-- morphology, 233

_Echinostominæ_, 267

-- morphology, 233

Ectoparasites, 1

-- permanent, changes in, 3

Ectoplasm of protozoa, 25, 26

-- -- substances deposited in, 26

Ectoschiza, 135

Eczema due to head louse infection, 709, 710

-- following infection by crab louse, 712

-- occupational, diagnosis from scabies, 706

-- peri-anal and perineal, set up by migrations of _Oxyuris
vermicularis_, 695

-- purulent, following infection by ancylostomes, 684

-- resulting from clothes louse infection, 711

-- set up by infection with _Dermanyssus gallinæ_, 703

-- -- by _Leptus autumnalis_, 702

Ehrenberg, _Spirochæta plicatilis_, 114

Ehrlich’s acid hæmatoxylin, 751

Eimer, researches on coccidia, 136

Eimeria, 142

-- _avium_, causal agent of white diarrhœa or white scour in fowls,
and blackhead in turkeys, 145

-- -- cause of fatal epizootics among game birds and poultry, 142

_Eimeria avium_, infection by, method of, 145

-- -- life-cycle of, 142–145

-- -- -- period, 144, 145

-- -- -- phases, 142–144

-- -- merozoites of, 143

-- -- microgametes and macrogametes of, 143, 144

-- -- relation to _E. stiedæ_, 145

-- -- sporozoites of, 143

-- -- trophozoites of, 143

-- _falciformis_, 136

-- (_Coccidium_) _schubergi_, life-cycle of, 138–141

-- _hominis_, 150

-- -- bodies described as, 150

-- _stiedæ_, ascribed cause of “red dysentery” in cattle, 147

-- -- host of, 7, 145

-- -- oöcysts of, 142, 146

-- -- parasitic in rabbit and occasionally in man, 145, 148

-- -- schizogony, 147

-- -- -- -- effects, 147

-- -- synonyms, 145

-- -- see also _Coccidiosis_

-- synonyms, 142

Eimeridea, 141, 742

Electrolytic needle, application in creeping disease, 731

Elephantiasis arabum from _Filaria bancrofti_ infection, sites of
body affected by, 677

-- -- -- -- -- symptoms, 677

-- -- -- -- -- treatment, 677

-- scroti in filariasis, 402

Ellermann, rhizopods in poliomyelitis acuta, 46

Elmassian, discovery of _Entamœba minuta_, 42

-- -- of trypanosomes in “mal de caderas,” 68

Embryophore of tapeworms, 298

Emetine and vaccine treatment combined in pyorrhœa alveolaris, 620

-- hydrochloride in flagellate dysentery, 625

-- -- in treatment of amœbic dysentery, 618, 619

-- in oral endamœbiasis, 620

Emily, expulsion of guinea worm, 676

-- method of extraction of _Dracunculus medinensis_, 389

Endamœba, 31, 34, 734

-- see also _Entamœba_

Endamœbiasis, oral, 620

-- -- treatment, 620

Endermol, application in scabies, 707

Endoparasites, 1

-- intermediate generations invading intermediate hosts, 5

-- -- hosts of, 5

-- young of, leaving host or organ of host inhabited by parents, 5

Endophlebitis set up by _Schistosoma hæmatobium_, 274, 275

Endoplasm of protozoa, 25, 26

-- -- substances deposited in, 26

Endoschiza, 135

Endotoxins in _Trypanosoma equiperdum_, 98

_Endotrypanum schaudinni_, 99

Enemata, in evacuation of _Oxyuridæ_, 697

Entamœba, 31, 734

-- _africana_, see under _Entamœba tetragena_

-- _buccalis_, 43, 734

-- -- association with cancer of oral cavity, 43

-- -- -- with dental caries, 43

-- -- -- with pyorrhœa alveolaris, 43, 734

-- -- characters, 43

-- -- possible relation of _E. pulmonalis_ to, 40

-- _bütschlii_, 34

-- _coli_, 32, 618, 733

-- -- characters, 33

-- -- cysts of, 33

-- -- -- in normal fæces, 33

-- -- encystment process, 33

-- -- -- -- cytological changes during, 33

-- -- how distinguished from _E. histolytica_, 34, 40, 733

-- -- life-cycle of, 32, 33

-- -- non-pathogenic and non-culturable, 618

-- -- parasite of human intestine, 618

-- -- may be present in bacillary dysentery, 38

-- -- schizogony of, 32, 33

-- -- so-called autogamy of, 34

-- -- sporogony of, 32, 33

-- _gingivalis_, 733

-- -- synonyms, 734

-- _hartmanni_, 34

-- _histolytica_, 32, 34, 45, 618, 733

-- -- causal agent of amœbic dysentery, 35

-- -- changes in intestine produced by, 35

-- -- characters, 34, 35

-- -- cysts of, permanent, injection producing infection, 37

-- -- dysentery following experimental infection with, 618

-- -- how distinguished from _E. coli_, 34, 40, 733

-- -- present in large intestine, 38

-- -- producing liver abscess, 35, 620

-- -- sporulation of (so-called), 37

-- -- and _E. coli_, differences between, 34, 40, 733

-- -- -- -- mixed infection, 38

-- -- and _E. tetragena_, identity of, 38, 40, 41

-- _hominis_, 42

-- _kartulisi_, 44, 734

-- -- association with dental caries, 44

-- _maxillaris_, 734

-- _minuta_, 42

-- -- relation to _E. histolytica_, 40, 42

-- _mortinatalium_, 45

-- _nipponica_, 42

-- Noc’s, 41

-- -- association with liver abscess and dysentery, 41

-- _phagocytoides_, 42

-- _poleki_, 34

_Entamœba pulmonalis_, 45

-- -- relation with _E. buccalis_, 45

-- _tetragena_, 38

-- -- characters of, 39

-- -- described as _E. africana_ by Hartmann, 38

-- -- found in amœbic dysentery, 38

-- -- infection by, 40

-- -- multiplication of, 39

-- -- nucleus of, 39

-- -- part of life-cycle of _E. histolytica_, 38

-- -- reproduction of, 39

-- -- trophozoites, 39, 40

-- -- and _E. histolytica_ identical, 38, 40, 41

-- _tropicalis_, 41

-- _undulans_, 43, 44

-- -- characters of, 43

-- -- probable flagellate nature of, 44

-- _williamsi_, 34

Entamœbæ of vertebrates, 34

-- question of cultivation on artificial media, 42, 742

Enteritis, hæmorrhagic, in _Strongyloides stercoralis_ infection, 674

-- produced by injection of amœbæ into cats, 36, 37

-- verminosa in children, 688

Entozoa, 1

-- derivation of, 21

_Enyaliopsis durandi_, bite of, 542

-- _petersi_, 542

-- species of, producing ulcers, 542

Eosinophilia in ancylostomiasis, 647

-- in bilharziasis, 641

-- in hydatid disease, 652

Epicarin, application in scabies, 707

Epidermis, human, excavation of tunnels in, by _Sarcoptes scabiei_,
var. _hominis_, 519

-- “wormlet” burrowing into, 599

Epistaxis, association with presence of Linguatula in nasal
cavity, 526, 527

-- leeches in nose causing, 701

Epithelium of nematodes, 360

Epizoa, 1

_Eproboscidæ_, see _Pupipara_

Epstein, experimental infection with _Ascaris lumbricoides_, 465

-- transmission of trichomonad infection, 56

Epstein’s method of diagnosis of ascariasis, 692

Equines, baleri in, causal agent, 95

-- biliary fever in, cause of, 177

Erdmann, experimental infection with Sarcosporidia, 192

Erythema, autumn, set up by _Leptus autumnalis_, 485, 486

-- following bite of _Argas reflexus_, 506

-- set up by infection with _Dermanyssus gallinæ_, 703

-- -- by _Leptus autumnalis_, 702

Eschatocephalus, characters of, 497

-- hosts and habitat of, 497

Escomel, dysentery due to Trichomonas, 56, 624

-- treatment of espundia, 629

-- -- of lamblial diarrhœa, 625

Espundia, 108, 628

-- course of, 629

-- geographical distribution, 628

-- pathology of, 628

-- prophylactic measures against, 629

-- transmission of, 629

-- treatment, 629

Ether, application in nasal myiasis, 719

-- lotions in crab louse infection, 712

-- sulphuric, in crab louse infection, 712

Ethyl chloride, freezing by, in creeping disease, 731

Eucalyptus oil in expulsion of ancylostomes, 687

_Euflagellata_, 52

-- characters of, 52

_Eugregarinea_, schizogony absent in, 134

_Eulyes amœna_, 542

Euphorbia, infection by _Herpetomonas davidi_, 104

_Eupodidæ_, characters, 491

Euquinine in malaria, 635

Europe, Central, percentage of prevalence of echinococcus in man in, 354

_Eustrongylus gigas_, infection by, site of, 681

-- -- -- symptoms, 682

Evans, discovery of trypanosomes in blood of horses with “surra”
disease, 67

-- see also _Steel and Evans_

Excretory apparatus of cestodes, 291

-- or segmental organs of _Hirudinea_, 481

-- organs of Echinorhynchus, 475

-- -- of nematodes, 366, 367

Eye, cysticerci in, 335, 664

-- cysticercus of, 664

-- -- diagnosis from foreign body, 664

-- diseases due to _Lucilia macellaria_, 721

-- human, infection with filaria, 406

-- nematodes observed in, 412

-- invasion by _Loa loa_, 678

-- paragonimiasis of, 639

Eyeball, bodies found in, probably young liver-flukes, 244

Eyebrows and eyelashes, pediculosis of, treatment, 712

Eyelid, upper, extraction of larva of _Hypoderma bovis_ from, 596

Eyelids, _Demodex folliculorum_ affecting, 708

Eyes, destruction of, by _Sarcophaga wohlfahrti_, 723

-- loss of, in parasites, 3

F.

Fabre, prophylaxis against ancylostomiasis, 685

Face, swelling of, in nasal myiasis, 718

Fæces, amœbæ found in, 30, 34, 47, 48

-- asexual multiplication of _Chlamydophrys enchelys_ in, 47

-- examination for protozoa, 746

-- human, fresh, _Strongyloides stercoralis_ larva from, 382

-- larvæ of _Homalomyia canicularis_ found in, 584

-- -- of _Piophila casei_ found in, 583

-- males of _Oxyuris vermicularis_ rarely met with in, 468

-- normal, cysts of _Entamœba coli_ present in, 33

-- preservation of ova of flukes in, 472

-- Vorticella in, 206

_Fanapapea intestinalis_ identical with _Tetramitus mesnili_, 57

Fantham, H. B., appendix on protozoology (recent researches, formulæ
of culture media, general protozoological technique), 733

-- -- avian coccidiosis, 145

-- -- -- pathogenic spirochætes, 119

-- -- classification of _Haplosporidia_, 195

-- -- -- of Schizogregarines, 135

-- -- experimental infection with _Spirochæta duttoni_, 117

-- -- granule phase of spirochætes, 120

-- -- _Herpetomonas ctenocephali_, 103

-- -- -- _pediculi_, 103

-- -- latent forms of trypanosomes, 73, 74, 77

-- -- molluscan spirochætes breaking up into granules, 119

-- -- morphology and life-cycle of _Eimeria avium_, 142–145

-- -- -- and life-history of _Spirochæta bronchialis_, 739

-- -- nuclear phenomena of _Babesia bovis_, 176

-- -- _Protozoa_, 25

-- -- recent work on spirochætes of human mouth, 740, 741

-- -- _Rhinosporidium kinealyi_, 195–197

-- -- schizogony in _Leucocytozoon lovati_, 153

-- -- significance of insect flagellates in relation to disease,
104, 739

-- -- _Theileria parva_, 179

-- -- _Trypanosoma rhodesiense_, 69, 76

-- -- and Porter, experimental introduction of insect flagellates
into vertebrates, 104, 112, 738

-- -- -- inoculation experiments with _Herpetomonas jaculum_, 104, 738

-- -- -- natural herpetomonads in mice, 739

-- -- -- researches on _Nosema apis_, 185

-- -- -- -- on _Spirochæta duttoni_, 116

-- -- and Thomson, J. G., cultivation of _Babesia canis_, 172

-- -- -- -- periodic cyclical variation of trypanosomes in blood, 78

-- -- see also _Stephens and Fantham_

Fasciola, 237

-- _gigantica_, distribution, 244

-- -- habitat, 244

-- -- invading lung, 245

-- -- morphology, 244

-- -- -- section illustrating, 243

-- -- synonyms, 244

-- _hepatica_, 237, 238, 239, 638

-- -- cercaria of, 228

-- -- -- encysted, 228

-- -- development of, 226

-- -- fixation method, 471

-- -- geographical distribution, 238

-- -- half transverse section through, 214

-- -- hosts of, 6, 7, 238

-- -- incidental human parasite, 7

-- -- intermediate host, 240, 241

-- -- invading and infecting pharynx, 242

-- -- -- regions of body other than liver, 243

-- -- life-history, 241

-- -- method of infection of sheep by, 226

-- -- miracidium of, 223

-- -- morphology, 237

-- -- -- sections illustrating, 238, 239

-- -- ova of, to be distinguished from those of _Dibothriocephalus
latus_, 242

-- -- ovum of, 223

-- -- -- from liver of sheep, 240

-- -- redia, in early stage, 227

-- -- synonyms, 237

-- morphology, 237

Fascioliasis, prevention and treatment, 638

-- symptoms of, 638

-- see also _Liver-fluke disease_

_Fasciolidæ_, 237

-- morphology, 231

_Fasciolinæ_, 237

-- morphology, 231

_Fasciolopsinæ_, 245

-- morphology, 231

_Fasciolopsis buski_, fixation method, 471

-- -- geographical distribution, 246

-- -- habitat, 246, 638

-- -- morphology, 245, 246

-- -- symptoms set up by invasion by, 638

-- _fülleborni_, cirrus sac, 247

-- -- habitat, 249

-- -- morphology, 247

-- -- -- ventral aspect showing, 248

-- _goddardi_, morphology and geographical distribution, 247

-- _rathouisi_, geographical distribution, 247

-- -- habitat, 247

-- -- morphology, 246

-- morphology, 245

Feltinella, characters, 561, 567

Females, greater prevalence of head louse infection among, 709, 710

-- rarity of bilharziasis in, 643

Fern root, new species, effects as vermifuge, 673

Fibrin, clots of, _Dioctophyme gigas_ in man traced to, 431

Ficalbia, characters, 565

Fièvre de grain, 702

Fiji, intermediate host of filaria in, 575

-- manifestations of filariasis in, 402

Filaria associated with phthisis, 408

-- _bancrofti_, anatomy of, diagrams showing, 391

-- -- discoveries relating to, 390

-- -- diseases following infection by, 398, 400

-- -- embryos, 392

-- -- female, characters, 392

-- -- geographical distribution, 392, 403

-- -- habitat in body, 392

-- -- infection by, diseases resulting from, 676, 677

-- -- larvæ of, absence from blood in those suffering from filarial
disease, 400

-- -- -- distribution in body, 392, 393

-- -- -- method of concentration, 395

-- -- -- -- of preservation, 395

-- -- -- morphology, determination by fixation and staining
methods, 395, 396

-- -- -- periodicity of, in peripheral blood, 393, 394

-- -- -- separation of red corpuscles from, 395

-- -- -- species of Tæniorhynchus carrying, 577

-- -- -- structure, 396

-- -- life-history, 398

-- -- male, characters, 392

-- -- mosquitoes acting as hosts of, 398

-- -- ova of, 392

-- -- synonyms, 390

-- -- transmission of, 576

-- (_?_) _conjunctivæ_, 404, 405

-- -- morphology, 404

-- -- normal hosts of, 406

-- -- sites of infection in man, 405

-- -- synonyms, 404

-- _demarquayi_, 403, 404

-- -- geographical distribution, 403

-- -- morphology, 403

-- infection of skin by, 378

-- intermediate host of, in Fiji, 575

-- (_?_) _kilimaræ_, 407

-- _loa_, host of, 601

-- _medinensis_, antiquity of knowledge concerning, 386

-- morphology, 390

-- _oculi humani_, association with cataract, 406

-- _perstans_, carrier of, 508

-- (?) _romanorum orientalis_, morphology, 407

-- (?) sp. (?), 407

-- _taniguchi_, 404

Filariasis, cultivation of bacillus from cases of, 755

-- prevalence proportionate to prevalence of _Mikrofilaria bancrofti_
in blood, 400

_Filariidæ_, 390

-- characters, 374

_Filariinæ_, 390

Filmaron, administration in expulsion of ancylostomes, 687

-- as vermicide, 672

-- oil, dosage of, 672

-- -- effects of, 672

-- -- in expulsion of Ascarides, 694

“Filterable viruses,” 207

Filtration experiments with Chlamydozoon granules, 209

Finlaya, characters, 564

Finsen, echinococcus cysts causing urticaria, 651

Finucane, lymphangitic symptoms in children from _Filaria bancrofti_
infection, 676

Fischer, effects of new species of fern root as a vermifuge, 672, 673

-- retinal hæmorrhages in ancylostome anæmia, 646

Fish, destruction of mosquito larvæ by, 636

-- disease of, due to invasion by _Myxosporidia_, 182, 184

-- eating of raw or badly cooked, favours transmission of
_Dibothriocephalus latus_ in man, 315

-- fresh-water, second intermediate host of _Clonorchis endemicus_, 261

-- -- -- -- -- -- -- proved by feeding experiments, 261

-- intermediate host of _Dibothriocephalus latus_, 255

-- -- -- of _Opisthorchis felineus_, 255

-- parasitic ciliate destructive to, 206

-- plerocercoids of _Dibothriocephalus latus_ inhabiting, 314

-- trypanoplasms in, 68

Fistulæ, anal and rectal, set up by migration of _Oxyuris
vermicularis_, 695

-- formation of, through migration of parasites, 9

-- urethral, arising from bilharziasis, 642

-- -- -- -- treatment, 644

Fixation, time of, 749

Fixatives, 748, 749

-- for wet films, 748

-- hot, 748

Flagella may occur among rhizopods, 52

-- of _Flagellata_, 50, 51

_Flagellata_, 50

-- characters of, 28, 50, 51

-- classification, 52

-- formation of colonies of individuals, 51

-- habitat, 28, 52

-- multiplication of, 51

-- non-flagellate stages, 51

-- nuclear apparatus of, 51

-- post-flagellate and pre-flagellate stages, 52

Flagellates, aggregation rosettes of, 51

-- dysentery in children due to, 56, 624

-- in blood of horses, diseases associated with, 67, 68

-- natural, in dog fleas, 112

-- of invertebrates, evolution of Leishmania from, 739

-- parasitic, in insects, experimental introduction into
vertebrates, 104, 112, 737, 738

-- -- -- -- -- -- relation to evolution of leishmaniasis, 112, 737, 738

-- -- in relation to evolution of disease, 739

Flagellosis of plants, possible connection with leishmaniasis, 104, 739

Flat worms, see _Platyhelminthes_

Flea, human, see _Pulex irritans_

Fleas acting as intermediate hosts, 543

-- blood-suckers, 543

-- carriers of plague, 543

-- cocoons of, 543

-- fed on infected rat, percentage infected with trypanosomes, 93

-- herpetomonads in gut of, 103

-- larvæ of, 543

-- life-cycle of _Trypanosoma lewisi_ in, 88, 90

-- method of controlling, during experiments, 93

-- ova of, 543

-- possible transmission of kala-azar by, 111

Flemming’s solution, 749

Flesh of animals containing larvæ of tapeworms must be thoroughly
cooked before eating, 668

Flesh-fly, see _Sarcophaga carnosa_

Flexner, _Entamœba kartulisi_, 44

Flies, larvæ of different species of, found in intestinal myiasis, 728

Flukes, clearing and mounting agents, 471

-- differentiation methods, 471

-- fixation methods, 471

-- miracidia of, discovery, 12

-- ova of, preservation in fæces, urine, bile, 472

-- -- transference to glycerine, 472

-- preservation and examination of, 471

-- staining methods, 471

-- see also _Trematoda_

Fœtus, _Trypanosoma cruzi_ in, 88

Foley, transmission of relapsing fever, 120, 121

Food, transmission of trichomonad infection by, 56

Foods, decomposing, inhabited by and nutriment of _Tyroglyphidæ_, 511

Foot, sole of, hepatic flukes found in swelling on, 243

Foot-and-mouth disease, 207, 208

_Foraminifera_, 27, 47

-- characters and habitat, 27

Forde and Dutton, discovery of human trypanosomes, 68

Foreign body, diagnosis of cysticercus of eye from, 664

Formalin, fixation of cestodes by, 472

Fowler, method of administering male fern to children, 671, 672

Fowler’s solution in sleeping sickness, 623

Fowls, fatal effects of _Spirochæta gallinarum_ on, 119

Fox, host of _Dibothriocephalus latus_, 313

Frambœsia tropica, see _Yaws_

França, action of leucocytozoa on red cells, 153, 742

-- genera of _Piroplasmidæ_, 174

Francaviglia, auricular myiasis, 615

Franchini, experimental infection of vertebrates with herpetomonads,
103, 104, 112, 739

--_Hæmocystozoon brasiliense_, 104

Frese, O., rhabdites found in gastric fluid obtained by lavage, 378

Freund, sarcophaga larvæ from abscess cavities, 723

Frog, rectum and bladder of, ciliates parasitic in, 207

Frontal sinus, invasion by _Ancylostoma duodenale_, 683

-- -- scolopendra in, 721

Fruit pickers affected by _Leptus autumnalis_ (footnote), 485

Fülleborn, cultivation of larval forms of Ancylostoma and
Strongyloides, 474

Furcocercous cercariæ, 753

Fürst, cases of Ascarides invading larynx and trachea, 691

G.

Gabel, diarrhœa due to _Difämus tunensis_, 624

-- _Difämus tunensis_, 57, 624

Gad-flies, 600

-- see also _Tabanidæ_

Gaetano, cysticercus of tongue, 663

Galen, disorder named “dracontiasis” by, 386

Gall-bladder, _Schistosoma hæmatobium_, eggs of, in, 274

Gall sickness in cattle, cause of, 98, 180, 611

_Galleria melonella_, larvæ of, in nose, 720

Galli-Vallerio, bothriocephalus anæmia, 646

-- infection by trichomonads, 56

-- Oxyuris and Trichocephalus infection in relation to appendicitis, 654

Galyl in syphilis, 632

-- in trypanosomiasis, 622

_Gamasidæ_ (coleopterous or insect mites), characters, 491

-- -- -- -- hosts and prey of, 491

Gambia horse sickness, cause of, 100

Game infested by _Dermacentor reticulatus_, 503

Game-birds, fatal epizootics among, due to _Eimeria avium_, 142

Gametes of _Coccidiidea_, 137, 139, 140

-- of gregarines, 132, 133

-- of malarial parasites, 162

Gametocytes of Coccidia, 140

-- of gregarines, 132, 133

-- of malarial parasites, 162

Gametogony, in _Eimeria avium_, 143

_Gammarus pulex_ occasionally parasitic in man, 483

Garlic and saline injections in _Trichuris trichiura_ infection, 680

_Gastrodisciidæ_, 236

-- morphology, 231

Gastrodiscoides, how distinguished from Gastrodiscus, 236

Gastrodiscus, 236

-- _ægyptiacus_, hosts of, 237

-- _hominis_, 236

-- -- genital pore, 236

-- -- geographical distribution, 237

-- -- habitat, 237

-- -- morphology, 236

-- -- ova, 237

-- -- testes, 236

-- male and female genitalia, 236

-- morphology, 236

Gastrophilus, 599

-- _equi_, 599

-- _hæmorrhoidalis_, 599

-- larvæ of, in stomach and intestine, 599

-- _nasalis_, 599

-- _pecorum_, 599

Geber, treatment of crab louse infection, 712

Gecko, blood and organs of, herpetomonad flagellate in cultures
from, 739

Gedoelst, _Cordylobia rodhani_, 593

Geese, how infected with _Echinostoma echinatum_, 226

Genital apparatus of _Cestoda_, 293–296

Genitalia as means of distinguishing species of Glossina, 604

Genitals, external female, invaded by _Oxyuris vermicularis_, 467

Genser, von, Ascaris infection in relation to appendicitis, 653

Gentian violet, 752

_Gerbillus indicus_, 154

Gerlach, stages of liver-fluke disease in sheep, 240

Germany, districts of, percentage of occurrence of echinococcus in
man in, 354

-- trichinosis in, epidemics of, 423, 429

-- -- prophylaxis against, 429

Giard, microscopical investigations of conjugation in gregarines, 130

_Giardia_ (_Lamblia_) _intestinalis_, 736

Giemsa’s stain, 751

-- -- formula of, 751

Giesker, liver-fluke in sole of foot, 243

_Gilesia_, characters, 564

Gingivitis, nematode larvæ in periosteum of upper jaw associated
with, 378

-- see also _Entamœba gingivalis_, 733; and _E. buccalis_, 43

Girard, effects of Trichocephalus infection, 651

-- Trichocephalus infection in relation to appendicitis, 653

Glas, cysticercus of tongue, 663

_Glossina austenii_, characters, 605

-- _brevipalpis_ group, characters, 606, 607

-- _caliginea_, characters, 605

-- characters, 603, 604

-- development of trypanosomes in, 101

-- _fusca_, characters, 606

-- -- group, characters, 606

-- _fuscipleuris_, characters, 606

-- habitat of species, 605

-- larvæ of, 604

-- _longipalpis_, characters, 606

-- -- head of, 664

-- _longipennis_, characters, 607

-- _medicorum_, characters, 607

-- _morsitans_, characters, 606

-- -- development of _Trypanosoma brucei_ in, 94

-- -- development of _Trypanosoma rhodesiense_ in, percentage of
fly becoming infective, 82

-- -- developmental cycle of _Trypanosoma rhodesiense_ in, 81, 82

-- -- geographical distribution, 608

-- -- group, characters, 605

-- -- -- method of reproduction, 604

-- -- race _submorsitans_, 609

-- -- transmission of nagana (tsetse-fly disease) by, 93

-- -- -- of _Trypanosoma rhodesiense_ by, 69, 81, 608

-- _nigrofusca_, characters, 606

-- _pallicera_, characters, 605

-- _pallidipes_, antenna of, 604

-- -- characters, 606

-- _palpalis_, 100

-- -- blood-sucking, 607

-- -- carrier of sleeping sickness, 605, 607

-- -- characters, 605

-- -- development of _Trypanosoma gambiense_ in, 74, 75

-- -- geographical distribution, 607

-- -- group, characters, 605

-- -- larval and pupal stages, 608

-- -- proportion becoming infected, 608

-- -- salivary glands of, invasion by _Trypanosoma gambiense_, 75

-- -- transmission of sleeping sickness infection by, 68

-- puparia of, 604, 605

-- special means of distinguishing species, 604

-- species of, artificial infection with human trypanosome, 605

-- spread of trypanosome diseases by, 603

-- _tabaniformis_, characters, 606

-- _tachinoides_, characters, 605

Glycerine, mounting agent for flukes, 472

-- transference of ova of flukes to, 472

Glycerophosphates and arsenic in bronchial spirochætosis, 633

Glychæmalum, Mayer’s, 751

Glyciphagi, differentiation from Tyroglyphi, 513

-- _buski_, 513

-- _cursor_, 513

-- _domesticus_, cause of grocer’s itch, 513

-- _hippopodes_, 513

-- _prunorum_, 513

Glycogen, echinococcus rich in, 348

_Gnathobdellidæ_, 481

_Gnathostoma hispidum_, hosts of, 385

-- morphology, 384

-- _siamense_, infection by, associated with tumour of breast, 385

-- -- morphology, 384

-- sp., hosts of, 385

-- _spinigerum_, 385

-- -- hosts of, 385

-- -- morphology, 385

_Gnathostomidæ_, 384

-- characters, 374

Gnats, see _Culex_

Goebel, bilharziasis, 641, 642

Goeldia, characters, 565

Golden beetle, intermediate host of _Echinorhynchus gigas_, 478

Goldmann, male fern extract in expulsion of _Strongyloides
stercoralis_, 675

-- sebirol as vermicide, 672

-- tæniol in ancylostomiasis, 686

Goldschmidt, excretory apparatus of _Ascaris lumbricoides_, 367

-- formation of ova of trematodes, 223

Golgi, description of asexual cycle in blood in case of quartan
parasite, 157

Gonder, relation of infantile kala-azar to Oriental sore, 108, 109

-- strain of _Trypanosoma lewisi_ losing resistance to arseno-
phenyl-glycin, 93

-- _Theileria parva_, 178

_Gordiidæ_, 375

-- characters of, 479

-- larvæ of, 479

_Gordius aquaticus_, 479

-- _chilensis_, 479

-- _pustulosus_, 479

-- species invading man, 479

-- _tolosanus_, 479

-- _tricuspidatus_, 479

-- _varius_, 479

-- _villoti_, 479

-- _violaceus_, 479

Grabhamia, characters, 564, 576

-- _dorsalis_, 576

-- geographical distribution, 576

-- _sollicitans_, geographical distribution, 576

Gräffe, escape of ascarides from inguinal tumour, 656

Granate root as vermifuge, 673

Granuloma inguinale, spirochæte associated with, 122

Grass, harvest or gooseberry mite, see _Leptus autumnalis_

Grassi, Cercomonas and Trichomonas, 54

-- development of cestodes without intermediate host, 17

-- -- of _Trichuris trichiura_, 420

-- discovery of amœbæ in stools, 30

-- experimental self-infection with _Oxyuris vermicularis_, 469

-- expulsion of _Hymenolepis nana_, 661

-- _Hymenolepis nana_, 324

-- larval stage of _Hymenolepis diminuta_, 327

-- mosquitoes in relation to human malaria, 158

-- on _Entamœba coli_, 32, 33

-- self-infection with _Ascaris lumbricoides_, 465

Great black bug of Pampas, see _Conorhinus renggeri_

_Gregarina blattarum_, 135

-- _longa_ from larva of crane-fly, 130

-- _munieri_, from _Chrysomela hæmoptera_, 131

-- _ovata_, host of, 135

Gregarines, ectoplasm of, 131

-- endoplasm of, 131

-- gametes of, 132, 133

-- gametocytes of, 132, 133

-- mode of infection, 134

-- monocystid, 130

-- -- hosts of, 130

-- morphology of, 130

-- movements of, 131

-- myonemes of, 130, 131

-- polycystid, 130, 131

-- -- protomerite, deutomerite and epimerite of, 131

-- resistant spores of, purpose of, 134

-- spore-production, 132, 133

-- sporocyst of, 134

-- sporozoites of, 132, 133

-- syzygy of, 132

-- trophozoites of, 132, 133

-- zygotes of, 132, 133

_Gregarinida_, characters and habitat, 28, 130

-- classification, 134

-- history of discoveries relating to, 129

Grey ointment in crab louse infection, 712

Grocer’s itch, cause of, 513

Ground-itch, skin affection set up by invasion of larvæ of
_Ancylostomum duodenale_, 455

-- treatment, 754

Guarnieri’s bodies, 207, 209

Gubler, case of human hepatic coccidiosis, 148

Guermonprez, method of expulsion of ascarides, 692

Guinea-pigs, experimental infection with _Sarcocystis muris_, 192

-- natural occurrence of Paraplasma in, 180

Guinea worm, see _Dracunculus medinensis_

Gurley on Myxosporidia, 182, 183

H.

Hæmadipsa, 482

-- blood-sucking pest in tropics, 482

Hæmagogus, characters, 565

Hæmalum, Mayer’s, 751

Hæmamœba, 151, 742

Hæmaphysalis, characters of, 497

-- _leachi_ (dog tick), carrier of malignant jaundice in dogs, 493

-- -- transmitting agent of _Babesia canis_, 177

-- _punctata_, characters and morphology, 502

-- -- hosts of, 503

-- -- synonyms, 502, 503

Hæmatein, essential principle of hæmatoxylin, 751

-- solutions of, in staining flukes, 471

_Hæmatobia irritans_, 610

_Hæmatopinus spinulosus_, 88

-- -- effect on strain of _Trypanosoma lewisi_ being passed through, 93

Hæmatoxylin, Delafield’s (or Grenacher’s), 751

-- Ehrlich’s acid, 751

Hæmaturia in bilharziasis, 641

Hæmentaria, 482

-- _officinalis_ used medicinally, 482

_Hæmocystozoon brasiliense_, 104

Hæmoglobinuria, infectious, in cattle, cause of, 177

_Hæmogregarina balfouri_ (_jaculi_), 154

-- _gerbilli_, 154

-- _marceaui_, 154

-- _nobrei_, 154

-- _schaudinni_, var. _africana_, 154

Hæmogregarines, characters of, 154, 742

-- hosts of, 153

-- in red blood corpuscles, 154

-- leucocytic, 154

-- transmission of, 153

-- variation in size and appearance of, 154

Hæmolysis, cure, after expulsion of _Ascaridæ_, 649

_Hæmonchus contortus_, diseases due to invasion by, 437, 438

-- -- geographical distribution, 437

-- -- habitat and hosts of, 437

-- -- life-history, 438

-- -- morphology, 436, 437

-- -- symptoms caused by invasion mistaken for those of
ancylostomiasis, 438

-- morphology, 436

_Hæmoproteus_ (_Halteridium_) _columbæ_, insects transmitting, 151, 612

-- -- -- life-cycle of, 152

-- -- _danilewskyi_, 152

Hæmorrhoidal veins, _Schistosoma hæmatobium_ in, 273

-- -- superior, plexus formed by, in rectum, 272

Hæmorrhoids set up by migrations of _Oxyuris vermicularis_, 694

_Hæmosporidia_, 151

-- Babesia or Piroplasma type, 154

-- characters and habitat, 28, 151

-- Hæmogregarina type, 153

-- Halteridium type, 151

-- Leucocytozoön type, 152

-- Plasmodium or Hæmamœba type, 151

-- recent views regarding, 742

-- transmission by _Ixodinæ_, 704

Hagen-Thorn, cysticerci in brain, 665

Hair, methods of getting rid of nits from, 710

-- follicles, mites of, 522

Hake, discovery of _Coccidia_ by, 135

_Halipegus ovocaudatus_, host of, 6

Halteridium parasites occur in blood of birds, 151

“Halzoun,” affection of pharynx, produced by _Fasciola hepatica_, 242

Hampshire, sand flies biting in, 579

Hanau, Oxyuris infection in relation to appendicitis, 654

_Haplosporidia_, 129, 194

-- characters and habitat, 29, 194

-- classification, 195

-- life-cycle, 194

Haplosporidium, 194, 195

-- _heterocirri_, 195

Harington, guinea worm infection, 676

Harley, treatment of bilharziasis, 643

_Harmostomum leptostomum_, immature specimen, 215

_Harpactor cruentas_, 542

Harris, Penn, liver-flukes in abscess of occiput, 243

Hartmann, case of _Oxyuridæ_ in nose, 696

-- independent description of _Entamœba tetragena_ under name of
_E. africana_, by, 38

-- multiplication of _Trypanosoma cruzi_ in vertebrate host, 85

-- toxic action of Oxyuris, 651

-- and Chagas, _Cercomonas parva_, 737

-- and Whitmore, formation of amœbulæ, 34

Hata, modification of Noguchi technique for cultivation of
spirochætes and treponemes, 126

Hausmann, effects of trichocephalus infection, 651

Head louse, see _Pediculus capitis_

Headache in nasal myiasis, 717, 718

Heart-water fever in sheep, carrier of, 493

Hectopsylla, 543

Heekes, Oxyuris in appendix, 655

Heidenhain-Rosenbusch, iron-hæmatoxylin, 752

Heliozoa, characters and habitat, 27

Heller, life-history of _Oxyuris vermicularis_, 467, 469

-- percentage of rats infected with Trichinella, 427

Helmerisch’s ointment, application in scabies, 706

Helminthes, 2

-- biological, not systematic group, 2, 3

-- dead, decomposition of, 9

-- growth and agglomeration in host, 9

-- life spent in intermediate and final host, 18

-- life-history of, 18

-- multiplication of, discovery of method, 13

-- origin of, discoveries as to, 10, 11

-- ova of, mistaken for coccidia (footnote), 137

-- permanent parasites, 2

-- producing substances toxic to host, 9

-- separation of _Linguatulidæ_ from, 2

Helminthiasis, 9

-- meningitiformis, 649

Helsingfors, clinic of, work done on bothriocephalus anæmia at, 644

_Hemiptera_, characters, 531, 532

-- digestive tract of, inhabited by Herpetomonads, 102

-- sub-orders (footnote), 532

Henle, investigation of _Gregarinida_, 129

Henneberg, site of cysticerci in brain, 665

Henoch, expulsion of ascarides, 693

Hepatozoön, 154

Heptaphlebomyia, characters, 565

Herbst, experimental infection with encysted Trichinellæ, 423

Hermann, eucalyptus oil in expulsion of ancylostomes, 687

Hermaphroditism in permanent parasites, 4

Herpetomonad flagellate in cultures of blood and organs of gecko, 739

Herpetomonads, experimental infection of birds with, 739

-- hosts of, 102

-- in blood of birds, 739

-- in mice, 738, 739

-- stages of, 103

Herpetomonas, 67, 102

-- _ctenocephali_, 103, 111, 112, 738

-- -- inoculation experiments with, 103

-- _davidi_ infecting plant genus Euphorbia, 104

-- _jaculum_, inoculation experiments with, 104, 738

-- life-history, stages of, 103

-- _muscæ domesticæ_, 102, 739

-- _pattoni_, 103, 739

-- -- inoculation experiments with, 103

-- _pediculi_, 103, 738

-- species of, introduction into vertebrates, 103, 104, 112, 738, 739

-- _stratiomyiæ_, 738

Herpetomoniases, 112, 738

Hessler, R., Norway itch (scabies norvegica), 519, 520

Heterogony in nematodes, 372

Heterokaryota, 198

_Heterophyes heterophyes_, geographical distribution, 264

-- -- habitat, 264

-- -- morphology, 263

-- -- organs of, diagram showing, 263

-- -- synonyms, 262

-- morphology, 262

_Heterophyiidæ_, 262

-- morphology, 232

_Heterotricha_, 29, 200

_Hexactinomyxon psammoryctis_, spore of, 187

_Hexamastix ardin-delteili_, 624, 735

_Hexapoda_, classification, 431

Higueron, milk of, in ancylostomiasis, 754

Hilton, J., observation of encapsuled Trichinellæ, 423

_Himasthlinæ_, 269

-- morphology, 233

Hindle, avian pathogenic spirochætes, 119

-- experimental infection with _Spirochæta duttoni_, 117, 118

Hippius and Lewinson, relationship of _Oxyuridæ_ to appendicitis, 698

_Hippobosca camelina_, 611

-- _capensis_, 611

-- _equina_, 611

-- _maculata_, 611

-- -- bite of, 611

-- _rufipes_, 98

-- wings of various species, 611

_Hippoboscidæ_, 611

_Hirudinea_, 480

-- alimentary canal of, 480

-- anatomy of, 480

-- body cavity of, 480

-- cocoons of, 481

-- excretory or segmental organs of, 481

-- muscular system of, 480

-- nervous system of, 481

-- œsophagus of, 480

-- pharynx of, 480

-- sexual organs of, 481

_Hirudo granulosa_, used medicinally, 482

-- _medicinalis_, geographical distribution, 481

-- -- habitat, 481

-- -- morphology, 481

-- morphology, 481

-- _mysomelas_, used medicinally, 482

-- _troctina_, characters, 482

-- -- geographical distribution, 482

Histiogaster, characters, 515

-- (_entomophagus ?_) _spermaticus_, 515

-- -- -- habitat, 516

-- -- -- synonyms, 516

-- food of, 515

Histoplasma, 112

-- association with splenomegaly, 112

-- _capsulatum_, 112, 739

Hoffmann, formation of spores in _Treponema pallidum_, 125

_Holostomata_, ova of, development, 224

_Holostomum variabile_, hosts of, 6

_Holothyrus coccinella_, effects of bite of, 493

_Holotricha_, 29, 199

_Homalomyia canicularis_, larvæ of, 584, 585

-- -- -- characters and habitat, 584

-- _scalaris_, 585

_Homoptera_ (footnote), 532

_Hoplopsyllus anomalus_, carrier of plague bacillus, 543, 547

-- distinctive characters, 545, 547

Horse, piroplasmosis in, cause of, 174

-- serum in cultivation of _Treponema pallidum_, 126

-- sickness (Gambia), cause of, 100

Horses attacked by _Leptus autumnalis_, 486

-- nagana fatal to, 94

-- organs infected with echinococcus, percentage of frequency, 347

-- “surra” in, 95

-- trypanosomes in blood of, diseases associated with, 67, 68

Horwood, polypoid tumour of cervix uteri with Schistosoma infection, 643

Host, influence of parasites on, 8

House-fly, diseases spread by, 586

-- see also _Musca domestica_

Howard, larvæ of _Piophila casei_, 583

-- _Melanolestes morio_, 540

-- and Clark, bug carrier of virus of poliomyelitis, 536

Howardia, characters, 567, 568

Howardina, characters, 564

Huber, chemically toxic effects of _Ascaridæ_, 650

-- limitations in male fern administration, 671

-- sites of cysticercus in body, 664

Hulecoetomyia, characters, 564

Human parasites, medical works on, 617

Humble-bee, nests of, larvæ of _Homalomyia canicularis_ found in, 584

Hungary, _Simulium columbaschensis_ plague in, 578

Hünsche, infection with _Demodex folliculorum_, 708

_Hyalomma ægyptium_, characters and morphology, 501, 502

-- -- _Crithidia_ parasitic in, 104

_Hyalomma ægyptium_, farm stock sufferers from, in South Africa, 502

-- characters of, 497

Hydatid, see _Echinococcus_

-- disease, eosinophilia in, 652

-- intoxication, 353

-- sand, 350

Hydrocele in filariasis, 401

Hydrophobia, cell inclusions in, 207, 208

_Hydrotæa meteorica_, characters, 611

-- -- larvæ of, habitat, 585

_Hymenolepididæ_, 309, 323

_Hymenolepis diminuta_, 324, 662

-- -- hosts of, 326

-- -- -- intermediate, 327, 328

-- -- larva of, morphology, 328

-- -- morphology, 326

-- -- occurrence in man, cases reported, 326

-- -- synonyms, 326

-- _lanceolata_, 662

-- -- hosts of, 329

-- -- larva, host of, 329

-- -- morphology, 328

-- -- synonyms, 328

-- morphology, 323

-- _murina_, larval stage, development into tapeworm, 305

-- _nana_, development, 324

-- -- diagnosis of presence in body, 661

-- -- expulsion of, drugs used for, 661, 662

-- -- geographical distribution, 324

-- -- habitat in body, 661

-- -- infection with, symptoms following, 324

-- -- morphology, 323

-- -- occurrence in man, 326

-- -- prevalence in children, 661

-- -- question of identity with _H. murina_, 324, 325

-- -- symptoms following infection by, 661

-- -- synonyms, 323

-- (_Tænia_) _murina_, development without intermediate host, 17

-- -- -- larval stages occurring in rat flea, 17

-- -- -- omission of intermediate host by, 326

_Hymenoptera_, characters, 531, 532

Hypochondriac region, right, liver-fluke in, 244

_Hypoderma bovis_ (cattle or warble fly), 595

-- -- -- -- -- invading human integument, 595, 596

-- -- -- -- -- larvæ of, in nose, 724

-- -- -- -- -- -- invading upper eyelid, 596

-- -- -- -- -- -- migration in body of cattle, 595

-- _diana_, 596

-- _lineata_, 596

-- -- geographical distribution, 596

_Hypotricha_, 29, 200

Hystrichopsylla, 548

-- distinctive characters, 545

I.

Ichneumon, Indian, host of _Paragonimus compactus_, 251

Ichthyol in chyluria from _Filaria bancrofti_ infection, 677

-- paste, application in creeping disease, 732

_Ichthyophthirius multifiliis_, 206

-- -- morphology and life-history, 207

_Ichthyosporidium_, 195

Ijima, experimental infection of man with _Dibothriocephalus latus_, 312

-- on _Amœba miurai_, 46

-- _Tristrongylus instabilis_ in man, 435

India, nasal myiasis in, 588

-- North-West Provinces, percentage of pariah dogs in, affected
with _Paropisthorchis caninus_, 257

Indian Plague Committee, proof of infection with _Xenopsylla
cheopis_, 547

_Infusoria_, 198

-- characters and habitat, 29, 198, 199

-- classification, 199

-- digestive processes, 26

-- encystment of, 199

-- hosts of, 199

-- macronucleus and micronucleus of, 198

-- mode of life, 199

-- morphology of, 198

-- reproduction of, 198

Ingram, Rhinosporidium cysts, 197

Inguinal tumour, ascarides escaping from, 656

Inouye, lung fluke disease, 639

_Insecta_, abdomen of, 529

-- anatomy, 529

-- blood of, colourless, 530

-- development of, 530

-- epidermis of, 530

-- faceted eyes of, 530

-- head of, 529

-- intestinal canal of, 530

-- metamorphosis of, 530

-- nervous system of, central, 530

-- -- -- intestinal, 530