Chapter XXIV: Part 24

Po*lo"ny (?), n. [Prob. corrupt. fr. Bologna.] A kind of sausage made of meat partly cooked.

Pol"ron (?), n. See Pauldron.

Polt (?), n. [Cf. E. pelt, L. pultare to beat, strike.] A blow or thump. Halliwell. -- a. Distorted.

Pot foot, a distorted foot. Sir T. Herbert.

{ Polt"-foot` (?), Polt"-foot`ed (?), } a. Having a distorted foot, or a clubfoot or clubfeet. B. Jonson.

Pol*troon" (?), n. [F. poltron, from It. poltrone an idle fellow, sluggard, coward, poltro idle, lazy, also, bed, fr. OHG. polstar, bolstar, cushion, G. polster, akin to E. bolster. See Bolster.] An arrant coward; a dastard; a craven; a mean-spirited wretch. Shak.

Pol*troon", a. Base; vile; contemptible; cowardly.

Pol*troon"er*y (?), n. [F. poltronnerie; cf. It. poltroneria.] Cowardice; want of spirit; pusillanimity.

Pol*troon"ish, a. Resembling a poltroon; cowardly.

Pol"ve*rine (?), n. [It. polverino, fr. polvere &?;ust, L. pulvis, - veris. See Powder.] Glassmaker's ashes; a kind of potash or pearlash, brought from the Levant and Syria, -- used in the manufacture of fine glass.

Pol"wig (?), n. (Zoˆl.) A polliwig. Holland.

Pol"y- (?). [See Full, a.] A combining form or prefix from Gr. poly`s, many; as, polygon, a figure of many angles; polyatomic, having many atoms; polychord, polyconic.

Po"ly (?), n. [L. polium, the name of a plant, perhaps Teucrium polium, Gr. &?;.] (Bot.) A whitish woolly plant (Teucrium Polium) of the order LabiatÊ, found throughout the Mediterranean region. The name, with sundry prefixes, is sometimes given to other related species of the same genus. [Spelt also poley.]

Poly mountain. See Poly-mountain, in Vocabulary.

Pol`y*ac"id (?), a. [Poly- + acid.] (Chem.) Capable of neutralizing, or of combining with, several molecules of a monobasic acid; having more than one hydrogen atom capable of being replaced by acid radicals; -- said of certain bases; as, calcium hydrate and glycerin are polyacid bases.

Pol`y*a*cous"tic (?), a. [Poly- + acoustic: cf. F. polyacoustique.] Multiplying or magnifying sound. -- n. A polyacoustic instrument.

Pol`y*a*cous"tics (?), n. The art of multiplying or magnifying sounds.

||Pol`y*a"cron (?), n.; pl. Polyacra (#), E. Polyacrons (#). [NL., fr. ||Gr. poly`s many + 'a`kron summit.] (Geom.) A solid having many ||summits or angular points; a polyhedron.

||Pol`y*ac*tin"i*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Poly-, and Actinia.] (Zoˆl.) An ||old name for those Anthozoa which, like the actinias, have numerous ||simple tentacles.

||Pol`y*a*del"phi*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. poly`s many + &?; ||brother.] (Bot.) A LinnÊan class of plants having stamens united in ||three or more bodies or bundles by the filaments.

{ Pol`y*a*del"phi*an (?), Pol`y*a*del"phous (?), } a. (Bot.) Belonging to the class Polyadelphia; having stamens united in three or more bundles.

||Pol`y*an"dri*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Polyandry.] (Bot.) A LinnÊan ||class of monoclinous or hermaphrodite plants, having many stamens, or ||any number above twenty, inserted in the receptacle.

Pol`y*an"dri*an (?), a. (Bot.) Polyandrous.

Pol`y*an"dric (?), a. [Cf. polyandrique.] Pertaining to, or characterized by, polyandry; mating with several males. "Polyandric societies." H. Spencer.

Pol`y*an"drous (?), a. (Bot.) Belonging to the class Polyandria; having many stamens, or any number above twenty, inserted in the receptacle.

Pol`y*an"dry (?), n. [Poly- + Gr. &?;, &?;, man, male: cf. F. polyandrie.] The possession by a woman of more than one husband at the same time; -- contrasted with monandry.

In law, this falls under the head of polygamy.

Pol`y*an"thus (?), n.; pl. Polyanthuses (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; rich in flowers; poly`s many + &?; flower.] [Written also polyanthos.] (Bot.) (a) The oxlip. So called because the peduncle bears a many-flowered umbel. See Oxlip. (b) A bulbous flowering plant of the genus Narcissus (N. Tazetta, or N. polyanthus of some authors). See Illust. of Narcissus.

Pol"y*ar`chist (?), n. One who advocates polyarchy; -- opposed to monarchist. Cudworth.

Pol"y*ar`chy (?), n. [Poly- + -archy: cf. F. polyarchie. Cf. Polarchy.] A government by many persons, of whatever order or class. Cudworth.

Pol`y*a*tom"ic (?), a. [Poly- + atomic.] (Chem.) (a) Having more than one atom in the molecule; consisting of several atoms. (b) Having a valence greater than one. [Obs.]

Pol`y*au*tog"ra*phy (?), n. [Poly- + autography.] The act or practice of multiplying copies of one's own handwriting, or of manuscripts, by printing from stone, -- a species of lithography.

Pol`y*ba"sic (?), a. [Poly- + basic.] (Chem.) Capable of neutralizing, or of combining with, several molecules of a monacid base; having several hydrogen atoms capable of being replaced by basic radicals; -- said of certain acids; as, sulphuric acid is polybasic.

Pol`y*ba"site (?), n. [See Polybasic.] (Min.) An iron-black ore of silver, consisting of silver, sulphur, and antimony, with some copper and arsenic.

||Pol`y*bran"chi*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Poly-, and Branchia.] (Zoˆl.) A ||division of Nudibranchiata including those which have numerous ||branchiÊ on the back.

Pol`y*bro"mide (?), n. [Poly- + bromide.] (Chem.) A bromide containing more than one atom of bromine in the molecule.

Pol`y*car"pel*la*ry (?), a. (Bot.) Composed of several or numerous carpels; -- said of such fruits as the orange.

{ Pol`y*car"pic (?), Pol`y*car"pous (?), } a. [Poly- + Gr. &?; fruit.] (Bot.) (a) Bearing fruit repeatedly, or year after year. (b) Having several pistils in one flower.

||Pol`y*chÊ"ta (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. poly`s many + &?; hair.] ||(Zoˆl.) One of the two principal groups of ChÊtopoda. It includes ||those that have prominent parapodia and fascicles of setÊ. See ||Illust. under Parapodia.

Pol`y*chlo"ride (?), n. [Poly- + chloride.] (Chem.) A chloride containing more than one atom of chlorine in the molecule.

Pol`y*chúr"a*ny (?), n. [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; wide-ruling.] A government by many chiefs, princes, or rules. [Obs.] Cudworth.

Pol"y*chord (?), a. [Gr. &?;; poly`s many + &?; string, cord.] Having many strings.

Pol"y*chord, n. (Mus.) (a) A musical instrument of ten strings. (b) An apparatus for coupling two octave notes, capable of being attached to a keyed instrument.

Pol"y*chrest (?), n. [Gr. &?; useful for many purposes; poly`s many + &?; useful, fr. &?; to use: cf. F. polychreste.] (Med.) A medicine that serves for many uses, or that cures many diseases. [Obs.]

Polychrest salt (Old Med. Chem.), potassium sulphate, specifically obtained by fusing niter with sulphur.

Pol"y*chro*ism (?), n. [Poly- + Gr. &?; color.] Same as Pleochroism.

Pol"y*chro*ite (?), n. [Poly- + Gr. &?; color: cf. F. polychroÔte.] (Chem.) The coloring matter of saffron; -- formerly so called because of the change of color on treatment with certain acids; -- called also crocin, and safranin.

Pol`y*chro"mate (?), n. [See Polychromic.] (Chem.) A salt of a polychromic acid.

Pol`y*chro"mate, n. [See Polychromatic.] (Chem.) A compound which exhibits, or from which may be prepared, a variety of colors, as certain solutions derived from vegetables, which display colors by fluorescence.

Pol`y*chro*mat"ic (?), a. [Poly- + chromatic.] Showing a variety, or a change, of colors.

Polychromatic acid (Old Chem.), a substance obtained by the action of nitric acid on aloes.

Pol"y*chrome (?), n. [Poly- + Gr. &?; color.] (Chem.) Esculin; -- so called in allusion to its fluorescent solutions. [R.]

Pol"y*chrome, a. [Cf. F. polychrome.] Executed in the manner of polychromy; as, polychrome printing.

Pol`y*chro"mic (?), a. [Poly- + (sense 1) Gr. &?;, or (sense 2) chromic.] 1. Polychromatic.

2. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, any one of several acids (known only in their salts) which contain more than one atom of chromium.

Pol`y*chro"mous (?), a. Of or pertaining to polychromy; many-colored; polychromatic.

Pol"y*chro`my (?), n. [Poly- + Gr. &?; color.] (Anc. Art) The art or practice of combining different colors, especially brilliant ones, in an artistic way.

Pol`y*chro"ni*ous (?), a. [Poly- + Gr. &?; for a long time, &?; time.] Enduring through a long time; chronic.

Pol`y*clin"ic (?), n. [Poly- + clinic.] (Med.) A clinic in which diseases of many sorts are treated; especially, an institution in which clinical instruction is given in all kinds of disease.

Pol`y*con"ic (?), a. [Poly- + conic.] Pertaining to, or based upon, many cones.

Polyconic projection (Map Making), a projection of the earth's surface, or any portion thereof, by which each narrow zone is projected upon a conical surface that touches the sphere along this zone, the conical surface being then unrolled. This projection differs from conic projection in that latter assumes but one cone for the whole map. Polyconic projection is that in use in the United States coast and geodetic survey.

Pol`y*cot`y*le"don (?), n. [Poly- + cotyledon: cf. F. polycotylÈdone.] (Bot.) A plant that has many, or more than two, cotyledons in the seed. -- Pol`y*cot`y*led"on*ous (#), a.

Pol`y*cot`y*led"on*a*ry (?), a. [Poly- + cotyledonary.] (Anat.) Having the villi of the placenta collected into definite patches, or cotyledons.

Po*lyc"ra*cy (?), n. [Poly- + -cracy, as in democracy.] Government by many rulers; polyarchy.

<! p. 1110 !>

Pol`y*crot"ic (pl`*krt"k), a. [Poly- + Gr. krotei^n to beat.] (Physiol.) Of or pertaining to polycrotism; manifesting polycrotism; as, a polycrotic pulse; a polycrotic pulse curve.

Po*lyc"ro*tism (?), n. (Physiol.) That state or condition of the pulse in which the pulse curve, or sphygmogram, shows several secondary crests or elevations; -- contrasted with monocrotism and dicrotism.

Pol`y*cys"tid (?), n. (Zoˆl.) (a) One of the Polycystidea. (b) One of the Polycystina. -- a. Pertaining to the Polycystidea, or the Polycystina.

||Pol`y*cys*tid"e*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Poly-, and Cystidea.] (Zoˆl.) ||A division of GregarinÊ including those that have two or more ||internal divisions of the body.

||Pol`y*cys*ti"na (?), n. pl. [NL. See Poly-, and Cyst.] (Zoˆl.) A ||division of Radiolaria including numerous minute marine species. The ||skeleton is composed of silica, and is often very elegant in form and ||sculpture. Many have been found in the fossil state.

Pol`y*cys"tine (?), a. (Zoˆl.) Pertaining to the Polycystina. -- n. One of the Polycystina.

||Pol`y*cyt*ta"ri*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. poly`s many + &?;, dim. ||fr. &?; a hollow vessel.] (Zoˆl.) A division of Radiolaria. It ||includes those having one more central capsules.

Pol`y*dac"tyl*ism (?), n. [Poly- + Gr. &?; finger: cf. F. polydactylisme.] (Anat.) The possession of more that the normal number of digits.

||Pol`y*dip"si*a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. poly`s much + &?; thirst.] ||(Med.) Excessive and constant thirst occasioned by disease.

Pol`y*e"dron (?), n. See Polyhedron.

Pol`y*e"drous (?), a. See Polyhedral.

Pol`y*ei"dic (?), a. [Poly- + Gr. &?; form.] (Zoˆl.) Passing through several distinct larval forms; -- having several distinct kinds of young.

Pol`y*ei"dism (?), n. (Zoˆl.) The quality or state of being polyeidic.

Pol`y*em"bry*o*nate (?), a. [Poly- + embryonate.] (Bot.) Consisting of, or having, several embryos; polyembryonic.

Pol`y*em`bry*on"ic (?), a. [Poly- + embryonic.] (Bot.) Polyembryonate.

Pol`y*em"bry*o*ny (?), n. [See Poly- , and Embryo.] (Bot.) The production of two or more embryos in one seed, due either to the existence and fertilization of more than one embryonic sac or to the origination of embryos outside of the embryonic sac.

Pol"y*foil (?), n. [Poly- + foil, n.] (Arch.) Same as Multifoil.

||Po*lyg"a*la (?), n. [L., milkwort, fr. Gr. &?;; poly`s much + &?; ||milk.] A genus of bitter herbs or shrubs having eight stamens and a ||two-celled ovary (as the Seneca snakeroot, the flowering wintergreen, ||etc.); milkwort.

Pol`y*ga*la"ceous (?), a. Of or pertaining to a natural order of plants (PolygalaceÊ) of which Polygala is the type.

Po*lyg"a*lic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or obtained from, Polygala; specifically, designating an acrid glucoside (called polygalic acid, senegin, etc.), resembling, or possibly identical with, saponin.

||Pol`y*ga"mi*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Polygamous.] (Bot.) (a) A LinnÊan ||class of plants, characterized by having both hermaphrodite and ||unisexual flowers on the same plant. (b) A name given by LinnÊus to ||file orders of plants having syngenesious flowers.

Pol`y*ga"mi*an (?), a. (Bot.) Polygamous.

Po*lyg"a*mist (?), n. [Cf. F. polygamiste, polygame, Gr. &?;, a.] One who practices polygamy, or maintains its lawfulness.

Po*lyg"a*mize (?), v. i. To practice polygamy; to marry several wives. Sylvester. Coleridge.

Po*lyg"a*mous (?), a. [Gr. &?; living &?; polygamy; poly`s many + &?; marriage. Cf. Bigamy.]

1. Of or pertaining to polygamy; characterized by, or involving, polygamy; having a plurality of wives; as, polygamous marriages; -- opposed to monogamous.

2. (Zoˆl.) Pairing with more than one female.

Most deer, cattle, and sheep are polygamous.

Darwin.

3. (Bot.) Belonging to the Polygamia; bearing both hermaphrodite and unisexual flowers on the same plant.

Po*lyg"a*my (?), n. [Gr. &?;; cf. F. polygamie.] 1. The having of a plurality of wives or husbands at the same time; usually, the marriage of a man to more than one woman, or the practice of having several wives, at the same time; -- opposed to monogamy; as, the nations of the East practiced polygamy. See the Note under Bigamy, and cf. Polyandry.

2. (Zoˆl.) The state or habit of having more than one mate.

3. (Bot.) The condition or state of a plant which bears both perfect and unisexual flowers.

Pol`y*gas"tri*an (pl`*gs"tr*an), n. (Zoˆl.) One of the Polygastrica. [Obs.]

Pol`y*gas"tric (-trk), a. [Poly- + gastric: cf. F. polygastrique.] 1. (Anat.) Having several bellies; -- applied to muscles which are made up of several bellies separated by short tendons.

2. (Zoˆl.) Pertaining to the Polygastrica. [Obs.]

Pol`y*gas"tric (pl`*gs"trk), n. (Zoˆl.) One of the Polygastrica.

||Pol`y*gas"tri*ca (-tr*k), n. pl. [NL. So called because they were ||supposed to have several stomachs, or digestive cavities.] (Zoˆl.) ||The Infusoria. [Obs.]

{ Pol`y*gen"e*sis (-jn"*ss), Po*lyg"e*ny (p*lj"*n), } n. [Poly- + genesis, or root of Gr. gi`gnesqai to be born.] (Biol.) The theory that living organisms originate in cells or embryos of different kinds, instead of coming from a single cell; -- opposed to monogenesis.

Pol`y*ge*net"ic (?), a. 1. Having many distinct sources; originating at various places or times.

2. (Biol.) Of or pertaining to polygenesis; polyphyletic.

Polygenetic mountain range (Geol.), one which is composite, or consists of two or more monogenetic ranges, each having had its own history of development. Dana.

Pol`y*gen"ic (-jn"k), a. (Biol.) Of or relating to polygeny; polygenetic.

Po*lyg"e*nism (p*lj"*nz'm), n. [Cf. F. polygÈnisme.] (Biol.) The doctrine that animals of the same species have sprung from more than one original pair.

Po*lyg"e*nist (-nst), n. (Biol.) One who maintains that animals of the same species have sprung from more than one original pair; -- opposed to monogenist.

Po*lyg"e*nous (?), a. [Poly- + -genous: cf. Gr. &?; of many families.] Consisting of, or containing, many kinds; as, a polygenous mountain. Kirwan.

Pol"y*glot (?), a. [Gr. poly`glwttos many-tongued; poly`s many + glw^tta, glw^ssa, tongue, language: cf. F. polyglotte.] 1. Containing, or made up, of, several languages; as, a polyglot lexicon, Bible.

2. Versed in, or speaking, many languages.

Pol"y*glot, n. 1. One who speaks several languages. [R.] "A polyglot, or good linguist." Howell.

2. A book containing several versions of the same text, or containing the same subject matter in several languages; esp., the Scriptures in several languages.

Enriched by the publication of polyglots.

Abp. Newcome.

Pol`y*glot"tous (?), a. [See Polyglot.] Speaking many languages; polyglot. [R.] "The polyglottous tribes of America." Max M¸ller.

Pol"y*gon (?), n. [Gr. poly`gwnos polygonal; poly`s many + gwni`a angle: cf. F. polygone.] (Geom.) A plane figure having many angles, and consequently many sides; esp., one whose perimeter consists of more than four sides; any figure having many angles.

Polygon of forces (Mech.), a polygonal figure, the sides of which, taken successively, represent, in length and direction, several forces acting simultaneously upon one point, so that the side necessary to complete the figure represents the resultant of those forces. Cf. Parallelogram of forces, under Parallelogram.

Pol`y*go*na"ceous (?), a. [See Polygonum.] (Bot.) Of or pertaining to a natural order of apetalous plants (PolygonaceÊ), of which the knotweeds (species of Polygonum) are the type, and which includes also the docks (Rumex), the buckwheat, rhubarb, sea grape (Coccoloba), and several other genera.

Po*lyg"o*nal (?), a. Having many angles.

Polygonal numbers, certain figurate numbers. See under Figurate.

Pol`y*go*neu"tic (?), a. [Poly- + Gr. &?; offspring.] (Zoˆl.) Having two or more broods in a season.

Pol`y*go*nom"e*try (?), n. [Polygon + -metry.] The doctrine of polygons; an extension of some of the principles of trigonometry to the case of polygons.

Po*lyg"o*nous (?), a. Polygonal.

||Po*lyg"o*num (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a kind of plant; poly`s many + ||go`ny the knee, a joint of a plant. So called in allusion to the ||numerous joints.] (Bot.) A genus of plants embracing a large number ||of species, including bistort, knotweed, smartweed, etc.

Po*lyg"o*ny (?), n. (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Polygonum.

||Pol`y*gor"di*us (?), n. [NL. See Poly-, and Gordius.] (Zoˆl.) A genus ||of marine annelids, believed to be an ancient or ancestral type. It ||is remarkable for its simplicity of structure and want of parapodia. ||It is the type of the order Archiannelida, or Gymnotoma. See Loeven's ||larva.

Pol"y*gram (?), n. [Gr. &?; marked with many stripes; poly`s many + &?; a line.] A figure consisting of many lines. [R.] Barlow.

Pol"y*graph (?), n. [Gr. &?; writing much; poly`s much, many + &?; to write: cf. F. polygraphe.] 1. An instrument for multiplying copies of a writing; a manifold writer; a copying machine.

2. In bibliography, a collection of different works, either by one or several authors. Brande & C.

{ Pol`y*graph"ic (?), Pol`y*graph"ic*al (?), } a. [Cf. F. polygraphique.] Pertaining to, or employed in, polygraphy; as, a polygraphic instrument.

2. Done with a polygraph; as, a polygraphic copy.

Po*lyg"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr. &?;; poly`s much + gra`fein to write: cf. F. polygraphie.] 1. Much writing; writing of many books. [Obs.] Fuller.

2. The art of writing in various ciphers, and of deciphering the same. [R.]

3. The art or practice of using a polygraph.

Pol"y*grooved` (?), a. [Poly- + groove.] Having many grooves; as, a polygrooved rifle or gun (referring to the rifling).

Pol"y*gyn (?), n. [Cf. F. polygyne. See Polygyny.] (Bot.) A plant of the order Polygynia.

||Pol`y*gyn"i*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Polygyny.] (Bot.) A LinnÊan order ||of plants having many styles.

{ Pol`y*gyn"i*an (?), Po*lyg"y*nous (?), } a. (Bot.) Having many styles; belonging to the order Polygynia.

Po*lyg"y*nist (?), n. One who practices or advocates polygyny. H. Spenser.

Po*lyg"y*ny (?), n. [Poly- + Gr. &?; woman, wife.] The state or practice of having several wives at the same time; marriage to several wives. H. Spenser.

Pol`y*ha"lite (?), n. [Poly- + Gr. &?; salt.] (Min.) A mineral usually occurring in fibrous masses, of a brick-red color, being tinged with iron, and consisting chiefly of the sulphates of lime, magnesia, and soda.

{ Pol`y*he"dral (?), Pol`y*hed"ric*al (?), } a. [See Polyhedron.] (Geom.) Having many sides, as a solid body.

Polyhedral angle, an angle bounded by three or more plane angles having a common vertex.

Pol`y*he"dron (?), n.; pl. E. Polyhedrons. (#), L. Polyhedra (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; with many seats or sides; poly`s many + &?; a seat or side: cf. F. polyËdre.] 1. (Geom.) A body or solid contained by many sides or planes.

2. (Opt.) A polyscope, or multiplying glass.

Pol`y*he"drous (?), a. Polyhedral.

Pol`y*his"tor (?), n. [Gr. &?; very learned.] One versed in various learning. [R.]

Pol`y*hym"ni*a (?), n. [L., from Gr. &?;; poly`s many + &?; hymn.] (Anc. Myth.) The Muse of lyric poetry.

Pol`y*i"o*dide (?), n. (Chem.) A iodide having more than one atom of iodine in the molecule.

Po*lyl"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. &?;; poly`s much + &?; discourse.] Talkativeness. [R.]

Po*lyl"o*quent (?), a. [Poly- + L. loquens, p. pr. of logui to speak.] Garrulous; loquacious. [R.]

Pol`y*mas"tism (?), n. [Poly- + Gr. &?; a breast.] (Anat.) The condition of having more than two mammÊ, or breasts.

Pol`y*math"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. polymathique. See Polymathy.] Pertaining to polymathy; acquainted with many branches of learning.

Po*lym"a*thist (?), n. One versed in many sciences; a person of various learning.

Po*lym"a*thy (?), n. [Gr. &?;; poly`s much + &?;, &?;, to learn.] The knowledge of many arts and sciences; variety of learning. Johnson.

Pol`y*me*nis"cous (?), a. [See Poly- , and Meniscus.] (Zoˆl.) Having numerous facets; -- said of the compound eyes of insects and crustaceans.

Pol"y*mer (?), n. [See Polymeric.] (Chem.) Any one of two or more substances related to each other by polymerism; specifically, a substance produced from another substance by chemical polymerization. [Formerly also written polymere.]

Pol`y*mer"ic (?), a. [Poly- + Gr. &?; part.] (Chem.) Having the same percentage composition (that is, having the same elements united in the same proportion by weight), but different molecular weights; -- often used with with; thus, cyanic acid (CNOH), fulminic acid (C2N2O2H2), and cyanuric acid (C3N3O3H3), are polymeric with each other.

The figures expressing the number of atoms of each element in a number of polymeric substances are respectively multiples and factors of each other, or have some simple common divisor. The relation may be merely a numerical one, as in the example given above, or a chemical one, as in the case of aldehyde, paraldehyde, and metaldehyde.

Po*lym"er*ism (?), n. (Chem.) (a) The state, quality, or relation of two or more polymeric substances. (b) The act or process of forming polymers.

Pol`y*mer`i*za"tion (?), n. (Chem.) The act or process of changing to a polymeric form; the condition resulting from such change.

Pol"y*mer*ize (?), v. t. (Chem.) To cause polymerization of; to produce polymers from; to increase the molecular weight of, without changing the atomic proportions; thus, certain acids polymerize aldehyde.

Pol"y*mer*ize, v. i. (Chem.) To change into another substance having the same atomic proportions, but a higher molecular weight; to undergo polymerization; thus, aldehyde polymerizes in forming paraldehyde.

Po*lym"er*ous (?), a. 1. (Bot.) Having many parts or members in each set. Gray.

2. (Chem.) Polymeric. [Obs.]

Po*lym"ni*a (?), n. See Polyhymnia.

Pol"ym*nite (?), n. [Gr. &?; full of moss; poly`s much + &?; moss.] (Min.) A stone marked with dendrites and black lines, and so disposed as to represent rivers, marshes, etc.

Pol"y*morph (?), n. [Gr. &?; multiform; poly`s many + &?; form: cf. F. polymorphe.] (Crystallog.) A substance capable of crystallizing in several distinct forms; also, any one of these forms. Cf. Allomorph.

Pol`y*mor"phic (?), a. Polymorphous.

Pol`y*mor"phism (?), n. 1. (Crystallog.) Same as Pleomorphism.

2. (Biol.) (a) The capability of assuming different forms; the capability of widely varying in form. (b) Existence in many forms; the coexistence, in the same locality, of two or more distinct forms independent of sex, not connected by intermediate gradations, but produced from common parents.

||Pol`y*mor*pho"sis (?), n. [NL. See Poly-, and Morphosis.] (Zoˆl.) The ||assumption of several structural forms without a corresponding ||difference in function; -- said of sponges, etc.

Pol`y*mor"phous (?), a. 1. Having, or assuming, a variety of forms, characters, or styles; as, a polymorphous author. De Quincey.

2. (Biol.) Having, or occurring in, several distinct forms; -- opposed to monomorphic.

<! p. 1111 !>

Pol"y*mor`phy (?), n. Existence in many forms; polymorphism.

Po`ly-moun"tain (?), n. (Bot.) (a) Same as Poly, n. (b) The closely related Teucrium montanum, formerly called Polium montanum, a plant of Southern Europe. (c) The Bartsia alpina, a low purple-flowered herb of Europe.

||Pol`y*my"o*dÊ (?), n. pl. [NL. See Polymyoid.] (Zoˆl.) Same as ||Oscines.

Pol`y*my"o*dous (?), a. (Zoˆl.) Polymyoid.

Po*lym"y*oid (?), a. [Poly- + Gr. &?;, &?;, muscle + -oid.] (Zoˆl.) Having numerous vocal muscles; of or pertaining to the PolymyodÊ.

Pol"y*neme (?), n. [Poly- + Gr. &?; thread.] (Zoˆl.) Any one of numerous species of tropical food fishes of the family PolynemidÊ. They have several slender filaments, often very long, below the pectoral fin. Some of them yield isinglass of good quality. Called also threadfish.

Pol`y*ne"moid (?), a. [Polyneme + -oid.] (Zoˆl.) Of or pertaining to the polynemes, or the family PolynemidÊ.

Pol`y*ne"sian (?), a. Of or pertaining to Polynesia (the islands of the eastern and central Pacific), or to the Polynesians.

Pol`y*ne"sians (?), n. pl.; sing. Polynesian. (Ethnol.) The race of men native in Polynesia.

Po*lyn"i*a (?), n. [Russ. poluineia a warm place in water, i. e., a place which does not freeze.] The open sea supposed to surround the north pole. Kane.

Pol`y*no"mi*al (?), n. [Poly- + -nomial, as in monomial, binomial: cf. F. polynÙme.] (Alg.) An expression composed of two or more terms, connected by the signs plus or minus; as, a2 - 2ab + b2.

Pol`y*no"mi*al, a. 1. Containing many names or terms; multinominal; as, the polynomial theorem.

2. Consisting of two or more words; having names consisting of two or more words; as, a polynomial name; polynomial nomenclature.

Pol`y*nu"cle*ar (?), a. [Poly- + nuclear.] (Biol.) Containing many nuclei.

Pol`y*nu*cle"o*lar (?), a. [Poly- + nucleolar.] (Biol.) Having more than one nucleolus.

Pol`y*om"ma*tous (?), a. [Poly- + Gr. &?;, &?;, the eye.] Having many eyes.

Pol`y*on"o*mous (?), a. [Poly- + Gr. &?;, &?;, name: cf. Gr. &?;.] Having many names or titles; polyonymous. Sir W. Jones.

Pol`y*on"o*my (?), n. [Cf. Gr. &?; a multitude of names.] The use of a variety of names for the same object. G. S. Faber.

Pol"y*o*nym (?), n. 1. An object which has a variety of names.

2. A polynomial name or term.

Pol`y*on"y*mous, a. Polyonomous.

{ Pol`y*op"tron (?), Pol`y*op"trum (?), } n. [NL., from Gr. poly`s many + &?; seen.] (Opt.) A glass through which objects appear multiplied, but diminished in size. [R.]

Pol`y*o*ra"ma (?), n. [Poly- + Gr. &?; a sight, view.] A view of many objects; also, a sort of panorama with dissolving views.

Pol"yp (?), n. [L. polypus, Gr. &?;, &?;, literally, many-footed; poly`s many + &?;, &?;, foot: cf. F. polype. See Poly- and Foot, and cf. Polypode, Polypody, Poulp.] (Zoˆl.) (a) One of the feeding or nutritive zooids of a hydroid or coral. (b) One of the Anthozoa. (c) pl. Same as Anthozoa. See Anthozoa, Madreporaria, Hydroid. [Written also polype.]

Fresh-water polyp, the hydra. -- Polyp stem (Zoˆl.), that portion of the stem of a siphonophore which bears the polypites, or feeding zooids.

Po*lyp"a*rous (?), a. [Poly- + L. parere to produce.] Producing or bearing a great number; bringing forth many.

Pol"y*pa*ry (?), n.; pl. Polyparies (#). [See Polyp.] (Zoˆl.) Same as Polypidom.

Pol"ype (?), n. [F.] (Zoˆl.) See Polyp.

Pol`y*pe"an (?), a. (Zoˆl.) Of or pertaining to a polyp, or polyps.

Pol`y*pe*ryth"rin (?), n. [Polyp + Gr. &?; red.] (Physiol. Chem.) A coloring matter found in many simple Anthozoa and some hydroids.

Pol`y*pet"al*ous (?), a. [Poly- + petal.] (Bot.) Consisting of, or having, several or many separate petals; as, a polypetalous corolla, flower, or plant. Martyn.

Po*lyph"a*gous (?), a. [L. polyphagus, Gr. &?;; poly`s much, many + &?; to eat: cf. F. polyphage.] Eating, or subsisting on, many kinds of food; as, polyphagous animals.

Po*lyph""a*gy (?), n. The practice or faculty of subsisting on many kinds of food.

Pol`y*phar"ma*cy (?), n. [Poly- + Gr. &?; the using of medicine, fr. &?; medicine: cf. F. polypharmacie.] (Med.) (a) The act or practice of prescribing too many medicines. (b) A prescription made up of many medicines or ingredients. Dunglison.

Pol`y*phe"mus (?), n. [L. Polyphemus the one-eyed Cyclops who was blinded by Ulysses.] (Zoˆl.) A very large American moth (Telea polyphemus) belonging to the Silkworm family (BombycidÊ). Its larva, which is very large, bright green, with silvery tubercles, and with oblique white stripes on the sides, feeds on the oak, chestnut, willow, cherry, apple, and other trees. It produces a large amount of strong silk. Called also American silkworm.

Pol"y*phone (?), n. A character or vocal sign representing more than one sound, as read, which is pronounced rd or rd.

Pol`y*phon"ic (?), a. [Gr. &?;; poly`s many + &?; sound: cf. F. polyphone.] 1. Having a multiplicity of sounds.

2. Characterized by polyphony; as, Assyrian polyphonic characters.

3. (Mus.) Consisting of several tone series, or melodic parts, progressing simultaneously according to the laws of counterpoint; contrapuntal; as, a polyphonic composition; -- opposed to homophonic, or monodic.

Po*lyph"o*nism (?), n. Polyphony.

Po*lyph"o*nist (?), n. 1. A proficient in the art of multiplying sounds; a ventriloquist.

2. (Mus.) A master of polyphony; a contrapuntist.

Po*lyph"o*nous (?), a. Same as Polyphonic.

Po*lyph"o*ny (?), n. [Gr. &?;.] 1. Multiplicity of sounds, as in the reverberations of an echo.

2. Plurality of sounds and articulations expressed by the same vocal sign.

3. (Mus.) Composition in mutually related, equally important parts which share the melody among them; contrapuntal composition; -- opposed to homophony, in which the melody is given to one part only, the others filling out the harmony. See Counterpoint.

Pol"y*phore (?), n. [Poly- + Gr. &?; to bear.] (Bot.) A receptacle which bears many ovaries.

Pol`y*phy*let"ic (?), a. [Poly- + Gr. &?; clan.] (Biol.) Pertaining to, or characterized by, descent from more than one root form, or from many different root forms; polygenetic; -- opposed to monophyletic.

Po*lyph"yl*lous (?), a. [Gr. &?;; poly`s many + &?; leaf.] (Bot.) Many-leaved; as, a polyphyllous calyx or perianth.

||Pol"y*pi (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zoˆl.) The Anthozoa.

Pol"y*pide (?), n. (Zoˆl.) One of the ordinary zooids of the Bryozoa. [Spellt also polypid.]

Po*lyp"i*dom (?), n. [Polypus + L. domus house.] (Zoˆl.) A coral, or corallum; also, one of the coral-like structure made by bryozoans and hydroids.

||Po`ly`pier" (?), n. [F.] A polypidom.

||Pol`y*pif"e*ra (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zoˆl.) The Anthozoa.

Pol*y*pif"er*ous (?), a. [Polypus + -ferous.] (Zoˆl.) Bearing polyps, or polypites.

Pol`y*pip"a*rous (?), a. [Polypus + L. parere to produce.] (Zoˆl.) Producing polyps.

Pol"y*pite (?), n. 1. (Zoˆl.) (a) One of the feeding zooids, or polyps, of a coral, hydroid, or siphonophore; a hydranth. See Illust. of Campanularian. (b) Sometimes, the manubrium of a hydroid medusa.

2. (Paleon.) A fossil coral.

||Pol`y*pla*coph"o*ra (?), n. pl. [NL. See Poly-, and Placophora.] ||(Zoˆl.) See Placophora.

Pol`y*plas"tic (?), a. [Poly- + -plastic.] (Biol.) Assuming, or having the power of assuming, many forms; as, a polyplastic element which does not preserve its original shape.

Pol`y*pode (?), n. [Cf. F. polypode. See Polypody.] (Bot.) A plant of the genus Polypodium; polypody. [Written also polypod.]

Pol"y*pode, n. [Gr. &?;, &?;, the wood louse, milleped: cf. F. polypode. See Polyp.] (Zoˆl.) An animal having many feet; a myriapod.

Pol"y*po`di*um (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. &?;, dim. of &?;. See Polyp, and cf. 2d Polypode.] (Bot.) A genus of plants of the order Filices or ferns. The fructifications are in uncovered roundish points, called sori, scattered over the inferior surface of the frond or leaf. There are numerous species.

Pol"y*po`dy (?), n. (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Polypodium.

Pol"y*poid (?), a. [Polyp + - oid.] 1. (Zoˆl.) Like a polyp; having the nature of a polyp, but lacking the tentacles or other parts.

2. (Med.) Resembling a polypus in appearance; having a character like that of a polypus.

||Pol`y*po*me*du"sÊ (?), n. pl. [NL. See Polyp, and Medusa.] (Zoˆl.) ||Same as Hydrozoa.

Po*lyp"o*rous (?; 277), a. [Poly- + porous.] Having many pores. Wright.

||Po*lyp"o*rus (?), n.; pl. Polypori (#). [NL., fr. Gr. poly`s many + ||&?; a pore.] (Bot.) A genus of fungi having the under surface full of ||minute pores; also, any fungus of this genus.

Polyporus fomentarius was formerly dried and cut in slices for tinder, called amadou. P. betulinus is common in America, and forms very large thick white semicircular excrescences on birch trees. Several species of Polyporous are considered edible.

Pol"y*pous (?), a. [Cf. F. polypeux. See Polyp.] Of the nature of a polypus; having many feet or roots, like the polypus; affected with polypus.

{ Pol`y*prag*mat"ic (?), Pol`y*prag*mat"ic*al (?), } a. [Poly- + pragmatic, - ical.] Overbusy; officious. [R.] Heywood.

Pol`y*prag"ma*ty (?), n. [Poly- + Gr. &?; business.] The state of being overbusy. [R.]

||Pol`y*pro`to*don"ta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. poly`s many + &?; first ||+ &?;, &?;, tooth.] (Zoˆl.) A division of marsupials in which there ||are more fore incisor teeth in each jaw.

||Po*lyp`te*roi"de*i (?), n. pl. [NL. See Polypterus, and -oid.] ||(Zoˆl.) A suborder of existing ganoid fishes having numerous fins ||along the back. The bichir, or Polypterus, is the type. See Illust. ||under Crossopterygian.

Po*lyp`te*rus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. poly`s many + &?; feather, wing.] (Zoˆl.) An African genus of ganoid fishes including the bichir.

||Pol`yp*to"ton (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. &?; having, or being in, many ||cases; poly`s many + &?; case.] (Rhet.) A figure by which a word is ||repeated in different forms, cases, numbers, genders, etc., as in ||Tennyson's line, -- "My own heart's heart, and ownest own, farewell."

Pol"y*pus (?), n.; pl. E. Polypuses (#), L. Polypi (#). [L. See Polyp.] 1. (Zoˆl.) Same as Polyp.

2. (Med.) A tumor, usually with a narrow base, somewhat resembling a pear, -- found in the nose, uterus, etc., and produced by hypertrophy of some portion of the mucous membrane.

Pol`y*rhi"zous (?), a. [Gr. &?;; poly`s many + &?; root.] (Bot.) Having numerous roots, or rootlets.

Pol`y*sche"ma*tist (?), a. [Poly- + Gr. &?; form, manner.] Having, or existing in, many different forms or fashions; multiform.

Pol"y*scope (?), n. [Gr. &?; farseeing; poly`s much, many + &?; to view: cf. F. polyscope.] 1. (Opt.) A glass which makes a single object appear as many; a multiplying glass. Hutton.

2. (Med.) An apparatus for affording a view of the different cavities of the body.

Pol`y*sep"al*ous (?), a. [Poly- + sepal.] (Bot.) Having the sepals separate from each other.

Pol`y*si*lic"ic (?), a. [Poly- + silicic.] (Chem.) Of or pertaining to compounds formed by the condensation of two or more molecules of silicic acid.

Polysilicic acid (Chem.), any one of a series of acids formed by the condensation of two or more molecules of silicic acid, with elimination of water.

Pol"y*spast (?), n. [L. polyspaston, fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; drawn by several cords; poly`s many + &?; to draw: cf. F. polyspaste.] (Surg.) A machine consisting of many pulleys; specifically, an apparatus formerly used for reducing luxations.

Pol`y*sper"mous (?), a. [Gr. &?;; poly`s many + &?; seed.] (Bot.) Containing many seeds; as, a polyspermous capsule or berry. Martyn.

Pol"y*sper`my (?), n. (Biol.) Fullness of sperm, or seed; the passage of more than one spermatozoˆn into the vitellus in the impregnation of the ovum.

Pol`y*spor"ous (?), a. [Poly- + spore.] (Bot.) Containing many spores.

||Pol`y*stom"a*ta (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. poly`s many + &?;, &?;, ||mouth.] (Zoˆl.) A division of trematode worms having more two ||suckers. Called also Polystomea and Polystoma.

Pol"y*stome (?), a. [Gr. &?; many- mouthed; poly`s + sto`ma mouth.] (Zoˆl.) Having many mouths.

Pol"y*stome, n. (Zoˆl.) An animal having many mouths; -- applied to Protozoa.

Pol"y*style (?), a. [Gr. &?; with many columns; poly`s many + &?; column: cf. F. polystyle.] (Arch.) Having many columns; -- said of a building, especially of an interior part or court; as, a polystyle hall. -- n. A polystyle hall or edifice.

Pol`y*sul"phide (?), n. [Poly- + sulphide.] (Chem.) A sulphide having more than one atom of sulphur in the molecule; -- contrasted with monosulphide.

Pol`y*sul"phu*ret (?), n. (Chem.) A polysulphide. [Obsoles.]

{ Pol`y*syl*lab"ic (?), Pol`y*syl*lab"ic*al (?), } a. [Gr. &?;; poly`s many + &?; syllable: cf. F. polysyllabique.] Pertaining to a polysyllable; containing, or characterized by, polysyllables; consisting of more than three syllables.

Pol`y*syl*lab"i*cism (?), n. Polysyllabism.

Pol`y*syl`la*bic"i*ty (?), n. Polysyllabism.

Pol`y*syl"la*bism (?), n. The quality or state of being polysyllabic.

Pol"y*syl`la*ble (?), n. [Poly- + syllable.] A word of many syllables, or consisting of more syllables than three; -- words of less than four syllables being called monosyllables, dissyllables, and trisyllables.

Pol`y*syn*det"ic (?), a. Characterized by polysyndeton, or the multiplication of conjunctions. -- Pol`y*syn*det"ic*al*ly (#), adv.

||Pol`y*syn"de*ton (?), n. [NL., from Gr. poly`s many + &?; bound ||together, fr. &?; to bind together; &?; with + &?; to bind.] (Rhet.) ||A figure by which the conjunction is often repeated, as in the ||sentence, "We have ships and men and money and stores." Opposed to ||asyndeton.

Pol`y*syn"the*sis (?), n. [Poly- + synthesis.] 1. The act or process of combining many separate elements into a whole.

2. (Philol.) The formation of a word by the combination of several simple words, as in the aboriginal languages of America; agglutination. Latham.

Pol`y*syn*thet"ic (-sn*tht"k), a. [Poly- + synthetic.] Characterized by polysynthesis; agglutinative.

Polysynthetic twinning (Min.), repeated twinning, like that of the triclinic feldspar, producing fine parallel bands in alternately reversed positions.

Pol`y*syn*thet"i*cism (-*sz'm), n. Polysynthesis.

<! p. 1112 !>

Pol`y*tech"nic (pl`*tk"nk), a. [Gr. poly`technos; poly`s many + te`chnh an art: cf. F. polytechnique.] Comprehending, or relating to, many arts and sciences; -- applied particularly to schools in which many branches of art and science are taught with especial reference to their practical application; also to exhibitions of machinery and industrial products.

Pol`y*tech"nic*al (?), a. Polytechnic.

Pol`y*tech"nics (?), n. The science of the mechanic arts.

||Pol`y*tha*la"mi*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Polythalamous.] (Zoˆl.) A ||division of Foraminifera including those having a manychambered ||shell.

Pol`y*thal"a*mous (?), a. [Poly- + Gr. &?; a chamber.] (Zoˆl.) Many-chambered; -- applied to shells of Foraminifera and cephalopods. See Illust. of Nautilus.

Pol"y*the*ism (?), n. [Poly- + Gr. &?; cf. F. polythÈisme.] The doctrine of, or belief in, a plurality of gods.

In the Old Testament, the gradual development of polytheism from
the primitive monotheism may be learned.

Shaff-Herzog.

Pol"y*the*ist, n. [Cf. F. polythÈiste.] One who believes in, or maintains the doctrine of, a plurality of gods.

{ Pol`y*the*is"tic (?), Pol`y*the*is"tic*al (?), } a. Of or pertaining to polytheism; characterized by polytheism; professing or advocating polytheism; as, polytheistic worship; a polytheistic author, or nation. -- Pol`y*the*is"tic*al*ly, adv.

Pol"y*the*ize (?), v. i. To adhere to, advocate, or inculcate, the doctrine of polytheism. Milman.

Pol`y*the"lism (?), n. [Poly- + Gr. qhlh` a nipple.] (Anat.) The condition of having more than two teats, or nipples.

Po*lyt"o*cous (?), a. [Gr. &?;; poly`s many + &?; offspring.] 1. (Bot.) Bearing fruit repeatedly, as most perennial plants; polycarpic.

2. (Zoˆl.) Producing many or young.

Po*lyt"o*mous (?), a. [Poly- + Gr. &?; a cutting, fr. &?; to cut.] (Bot.) Subdivided into many distinct subordinate parts, which, however, not being jointed to the petiole, are not true leaflets; -- said of leaves. Henslow.

Po*lyt"o*my (?), n. (Logic) A division into many members. F. Bowen.

Pol`y*tung"state (?), n. A salt of polytungstic acid.

Pol`y*tung"stic (?), a. (Chem.) Containing several tungsten atoms or radicals; as, polytungstic acid.

Polytungstic acid (Chem.), any one of several complex acids of tungsten containing more than one atom of tungsten.

Pol"y*type (?), n. [Poly- + - type.] (Print.) A cast, or facsimile copy, of an engraved block, matter in type, etc. (see citation); as, a polytype in relief.

By pressing the wood cut into semifluid metal, an intaglio matrix
is produced: and from this matrix, in a similar way, a polytype in
relief is obtained.

Hansard.

Pol"y*type, a. (Print.) Of or pertaining to polytypes; obtained by polytyping; as, a polytype plate.

Pol"y*type, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Polytyped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Polytyping (?).] (Print.) To produce a polytype of; as, to polytype an engraving.

||Pol`y*u"ri*a (?), n. [NL. See Poly- , and Urine.] (Med.) A ||persistently excessive flow of watery urine, with low specific ||gravity and without the presence of either albumin or sugar. It is ||generally accompanied with more or less thirst.

Po*lyv"a*lent (?), a. [Poly- + L. valens, p. pr. See Valent.] (Chem.) Multivalent.

Pol"yve (?), n. [See Polive.] A pulley. [Obs.]

||Pol`y*zo"a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. poly`s many + &?; an animal.] ||(Zoˆl.) Same as Bryozoa. See Illust. under Bryozoa, and ||PhylactolÊmata.

Pol`y*zo"an (?), n. (Zoˆl.) (a) Any species of Polyzoa; one of the Polyzoa. (b) A polyzoˆn.

||Pol`y*zo*a"ri*um (?), n.; pl. Polyzoaria (#). [NL.] (Zoˆl.) Same as ||Polyzoary.

Pol`y*zo"a*ry (?), n. (Zoˆl.) The compound organism of a polyzoan.

Pol`y*zon"al (?), a. [Poly- + zonal.] Consisting of many zones or rings.

Polyzonal lens (Opt.), a lens made up of pieces arranged zones or rings, -- used in the lanterns of lighthouses.

||Pol`y*zo"ˆn (?), n.; pl. Polyzoa (#). [NL. See Polyzoan.] (Zoˆl.) One ||of the individual zooids forming the compound organism of a polyzoan.

Pom"ace (?; 277), n. [L. ponum a fruit, LL., an apple: cf. LL. pomagium, pomacium.] The substance of apples, or of similar fruit, crushed by grinding.

Po`ma*cen"troid (?), a. [Gr. &?; a cover + &?; a prickle + -oid.] (Zoˆl.) Pertaining to the PomacentridÊ, a family of bright-colored tropical fishes having spiny opercula; -- often called coral fishes.

Po*ma"ceous (?), a. [LL. ponum an apple.] 1. (Bot.) (a) Like an apple or pear; producing pomes. (b) Of or pertaining to a suborder (PomeÊ) of rosaceous plants, which includes the true thorn trees, the quinces, service berries, medlars, and loquats, as well as the apples, pears, crabs, etc.

2. Like pomace.

Po*made" (?; 277), n. [F. pommade pomatum, OF. pomade cider (cf. Sp. pomada, It. pomata, LL. pomata a drink made of apples), from L. pomum fruit, LL., an apple. Cf. Pomatum.] 1. Cider. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.

2. Perfumed ointment; esp., a fragrant unguent for the hair; pomatum; -- originally made from apples.

Po*man"der (?), n. [Sp. poma.] (a) A perfume to be carried with one, often in the form of a ball. (b) A box to contain such perfume, formerly carried by ladies, as at the end of a chain; -- more properly pomander box. [Obs.] Bacon.

Po"ma*rine (?), a. [Gr. &?; a lid + &?;, &?;, nose.] (Zoˆl.) Having the nostril covered with a scale.

Pomarine jager (Zoˆl.), a North Atlantic jager (Stercorarius pomarinus) having the elongated middle tail feathers obtuse. The adult is black.

Po*ma"tum (?), n. [See Pomade.] A perfumed unguent or composition, chiefly used in dressing the hair; pomade. Wiseman.

Po*ma"tum, v. t. To dress with pomatum.

Pome (?), n. [L. pomum a fruit: cf. F. pomme apple. Cf. Pomade.] 1. (Bot.) A fruit composed of several cartilaginous or bony carpels inclosed in an adherent fleshy mass, which is partly receptacle and partly calyx, as an apple, quince, or pear.

2. (R. C. Ch.) A ball of silver or other metal, which is filled with hot water, and used by the priest in cold weather to warm his hands during the service.

Pome, v. i. [Cf. F. pommer. See Pome, n.] To grow to a head, or form a head in growing. [Obs.]

Pome"gran`ate (?; 277), n. [OE. pomgarnet, OF. pome de grenate, F. grenade, L. pomum a fruit + granatus grained, having many grains or seeds. See Pome, and Garnet, Grain.] 1. (Bot.) The fruit of the tree Punica Granatum; also, the tree itself (see Balaustine), which is native in the Orient, but is successfully cultivated in many warm countries, and as a house plant in colder climates. The fruit is as large as an orange, and has a hard rind containing many rather large seeds, each one separately covered with crimson, acid pulp.

2. A carved or embroidered ornament resembling a pomegranate. Ex. xxviii. 33.

Pom"el (?), n. A pommel. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Pom"e*lo (?), n. [Cf. Pompelmous.] A variety of shaddock, called also grape fruit.

Pome"ly (?), a. [OF. pomelÈ, F. pommelÈ. See Pome.] Dappled. [Obs.] "Pomely gray." Chaucer.

Pom`e*ra"ni*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Pomerania, a province of Prussia on the Baltic Sea. -- n. A native or inhabitant of Pomerania.

Pomeranian dog (Zoˆl.), the loup- loup, or Spitz dog.

Pome"wa`ter (?), n. A kind of sweet, juicy apple. [Written also pomwater.] Shak.

Pom"ey (?), n.; pl. Pomeys (#). [F. pommÈ grown round, or like an apple, p. p. of pommer to pome.] (Her.) A figure supposed to resemble an apple; a roundel, -- always of a green color.

Pom"fret (?), n. [Perhaps corrupt. fr. Pg. pampano a kind of fish.] (Zoˆl.) (a) One of two or more species of marine food fishes of the genus Stromateus (S. niger, S. argenteus) native of Southern Europe and Asia. (b) A marine food fish of Bermuda (Brama Raji).

Po*mif"er*ous (?), a. [L. pomifer; pomum fruit + ferre to bear: cf. F. pomifËre.] (Bot.) (a) Bearing pomes, or applelike fruits. (b) Bearing fruits, or excrescences, more or less resembling an apple.

Pom"mage (?; 48), n. See Pomage.

||Pom`mÈ" (?), a. [F. See Pomey.] (Her.) Having the ends terminating in ||rounded protuberances or single balls; -- said of a cross.

||Pomme` blanche" (?). [F., literally, white apple.] The prairie ||turnip. See under Prairie.

Pom"mel (?), n. [OE. pomel, OF. pomel, F. pommeau, LL. pomellus, fr. L. pomum fruit, LL. also, an apple. See Pome.] A knob or ball; an object resembling a ball in form; as: (a) The knob on the hilt of a sword. Macaulay. (b) The knob or protuberant part of a saddlebow. (c) The top (of the head). Chaucer. (d) A knob forming the finial of a turret or pavilion.

Pom"mel, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pommeled (?) or Pommelled; p. pr. & vb. n. Pommeling or Pommelling.] To beat soundly, as with the pommel of a sword, or with something knoblike; hence, to beat with the fists. [Written also pummel.]

Pom*mel"ion (?), n. [See Pommel: cf. LL. pomilio pygmy.] (Mil.) The cascabel, or hindmost knob, of a cannon. [R.]

||Pom`met`tÈ" (?), a. [F.] Having two balls or protuberances at each ||end; -- said of a cross.

Po`mo*log"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. pomologique.] Of or pertaining to pomology.

Po*mol"o*gist (?), n. One versed in pomology; one who culticvates fruit trees.

Po*mol"o*gy (?), n. [L. pomum fruit + -logy: cf. F. pomologie.] The science of fruits; a treatise on fruits; the cultivation of fruits and fruit trees.

Po*mo"na (?), n. [L., from pomum fruit.] (Class. Myth.) The goddess of fruits and fruit trees.

Pomp (?), n. [OE. pompe, F. pompe, L. pompa, fr. Gr. &?; a sending, a solemn procession, pomp, fr. &?; to send. Cf. Pump a shoe.] 1. A procession distinguished by ostentation and splendor; a pageant. "All the pomps of a Roman triumph." Addison.

2. Show of magnificence; parade; display; power.

Syn. -- Display; parade; pageant; pageantry; splendor; state; magnificence; ostentation; grandeur; pride.

Pomp (?), v. i. To make a pompons display; to conduct. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

Pom"pa*dour (?), n. A crimson or pink color; also, a style of dress cut low and square in the neck; also, a mode of dressing the hair by drawing it straight back from the forehead over a roll; -- so called after the Marchioness de Pompadour of France. Also much used adjectively.

Pom"pa*no (?), n. [Sp. p·mpano.] [Written also pampano.] (Zoˆl.) 1. Any one of several species of marine fishes of the genus Trachynotus, of which four species are found on the Atlantic coast of the United States; -- called also palometa.

They have a brilliant silvery or golden luster, and are highly esteemed as food fishes. The round pompano (T. thomboides) and the Carolina pompano (T. Carolinus) are the most common. Other species occur on the Pacific coast.

2. A California harvest fish (Stromateus simillimus), highly valued as a food fish.

Pompano shell (Zoˆl.), a small bivalve shell of the genus Donax; -- so called because eaten by the pompano. [Florida]

Pom*pat"ic (?), a. [L. pompaticus.] Pompous. [Obs.] Barrow.

Pom"pel*mous (?), n.; pl. Pompelmouses (#). [D. pompelmoes; cf. G. pompelmuse, F. pamplemousse, and F. pompolÈon.] (Bot.) A shaddock, esp. one of large size.

Pom"pet (?), n. [OF. pompette.] (Print.) The ball formerly used to ink the type.

Pom"pho*lyx (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. &?; a bubble, the slag on the surface of smelted ore, from &?; a blister.] 1. (Old Chem.) Impure zinc oxide.

2. (Med.) A skin disease in which there is an eruption of bullÊ, without inflammation or fever.

Pom*pil"lion (?), n. An ointment or pomatum made of black poplar buds. [Obs.] Cotgrave.

Pom"pi*on (?), n. [OF. pompon. See Pumpkin.] See Pumpion.

Pom"pire (?), n. [L. pomum a fruit, LL. also, an apple + pirum a pear.] A pearmain. [Obs.]

Pom*po"le*on (?), n. (Bot.) See Pompelmous.

Pom"pon (?), n. [F.] 1. Any trifling ornament for a woman's dress or bonnet.

2. (Mil.) A tuft or ball of wool, or the like, sometimes worn by soldiers on the front of the hat, instead of a feather.

Pom*pos"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Pomposities (&?;). The quality or state of being pompous; pompousness. Thackeray.

||Pom*po"so (?), a. & adv. [It.] (Mus.) Grand and dignified; in grand ||style.

Pomp"ous (?), a. [F. pompeux, L. pomposus. See Pomp.] 1. Displaying pomp; stately; showy with grandeur; magnificent; as, a pompous procession.

2. Ostentatious; pretentious; boastful; vainlorious; as, pompous manners; a pompous style. "Pompous in high presumption." Chaucer.

he pompous vanity of the old schoolmistress.

Thackeray.

-- Pom"ous*ly, adv. -- Pomp"ous*ness, n.

Pomp"tine (?), a. See Pontine.

Pom"wa`ter (?), n. Same as Pomewater.

Pon"cho (?), n.; pl. Ponchos (&?;). [Sp.] 1. A kind of cloak worn by the Spanish Americans, having the form of a blanket, with a slit in the middle for the head to pass through. A kind of poncho made of rubber or painted cloth is used by the mounted troops in the United States service.

2. A trade name for camlets, or stout worsteds.

Pond (?), n. [Probably originally, an inclosed body of water, and the same word as pound. See Pound an inclosure.] A body of water, naturally or artificially confined, and usually of less extent than a lake. "Through pond or pool." Milton.

Pond hen (Zoˆl.), the American coot. See Coot (a). -- Pond lily (Bot.), the water lily. See under Water, and Illust. under NymphÊa. -- Pond snail (Zoˆl.), any gastropod living in fresh-water ponds or lakes. The most common kinds are air- breathing snails (Pulmonifera) belonging to LimnÊa, Physa, Planorbis, and allied genera. The operculated species are pectinibranchs, belonging to Melantho, Valvata, and various other genera. -- Pond spice (Bot.), an American shrub (Tetranthera geniculata) of the Laurel family, with small oval leaves, and axillary clusters of little yellow flowers. The whole plant is spicy. It grows in ponds and swamps from Virginia to Florida. -- Pond tortoise, Pond turtle (Zoˆl.), any freshwater tortoise of the family EmydidÊ. Numerous species are found in North America.

<! p. 1113 !>

Pond (?), v. t. To make into a pond; to collect, as water, in a pond by damming.

Pond, v. t. [See Ponder.] To ponder. [Obs.]

Pleaseth you, pond your suppliant's plaint.

Spenser.

Pon"der (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pondered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pondering.] [L. ponderare, fr. pondus, ponderis, a weight, fr. pendere to weigh: cf. F. pondÈrer. See Pendant, and cf. Pound a weight.]

1. To weigh. [Obs.]

2. To weigh in the mind; to view with deliberation; to examine carefully; to consider attentively.

Ponder the path of thy feet.

Prov. iv. 26.

Syn. -- To Ponder, Consider, Muse. To consider means to view or contemplate with fixed thought. To ponder is to dwell upon with long and anxious attention, with a view to some practical result or decision. To muse is simply to think upon continuously with no definite object, or for the pleasure it gives. We consider any subject which is fairly brought before us; we ponder a concern involving great interests; we muse on the events of childhood.

Pon"der, v. i. To think; to deliberate; to muse; -- usually followed by on or over. Longfellow.

Pon`der*a*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. pondÈrabilitÈ.] The quality or state of being ponderable.

Pon"der*a*ble (?), a. [L. ponderabilis: cf. F. pondÈrable.] Capable of being weighed; having appreciable weight. -- Pon"der*a*ble*ness, n.

Pon"der*al (?), a. [Cf. F. pondÈral.] Estimated or ascertained by weight; -- distinguished from numeral; as, a ponderal drachma. [R.] Arbuthnot.

Pon"der*ance (?), n. [L. ponderans, p. pr. of ponderare to weigh: cf. OF. ponderant of weight.] Weight; gravity. [R.] Gregory.

Pon"der*a*ry (?), a. Of or pertaining to weight; as, a ponderary system. [R.] M'Culloch.

Pon"der*ate (?), v. t. [L. ponderatus, p. p. of ponderare. See Ponder.] To consider; to ponder. [R.]

Pon"der*ate, v. i. To have weight or influence. [R.]

Pon`der*a"tion (?), n. [L. ponderatio: cf. F. pondÈration.] The act of weighing. [R.] Arbuthnot.

Pon"der*er (?), n. One who ponders.

Pon"der*ing, a. Deliberating. -- Pon"der*ing*ly, adv.

Pon`der*os"i*ty (?), n.; pl. Ponderosities (#). [OF. ponderositÈ.] The quality or state of being ponderous; weight; gravity; heaviness, ponderousness; as, the ponderosity of gold. Ray.

Pon"der*ous (?), a. [L. ponderosus, from pondus, -eris, a weight: cf. F. pondÈreux. See Ponder.] 1. Very heavy; weighty; as, a ponderous shield; a ponderous load; the ponderous elephant.

The sepulcher . . . Hath oped his ponderous and marble jaws.

Shak.

2. Important; momentous; forcible. "Your more ponderous and settled project." Shak.

3. Heavy; dull; wanting; lightless or spirit; as, a ponderous style; a ponderous joke.

Ponderous spar (Min.), heavy spar, or barytes. See Barite.

Pon"der*ous*ly, adv. In a ponderous manner.

Pon"der*ous*ness, n. The quality or state of being ponderous; ponderosity.

Pond"fish` (?), n. (Zoˆl.) Any one of numerous species of American fresh-water fishes belonging to the family CentrarchidÊ; -- called also pond perch, and sunfish.

The common pondfish of New England (Lepomis gibbosus) is called also bream, pumpkin seed, and sunny. See Sunfish. The long-eared pondfish (Lepomis auritus) of the Eastern United States is distinguished by its very long opercular flap.

Pond"weed` (?), n. (Bot.) Any aquatic plant of the genus Potamogeton, of which many species are found in ponds or slow-moving rivers.

Choke pondweed, an American water weed (Anarcharis, or Elodea, Canadensis.) See Anacharis. -- Horned pondweed, the Zannichellia palustris, a slender, branching aquatic plant, having pointed nutlets.

Pone (pn), n. [Of Amer. Indian origin.] A kind of johnnycake. [Written also paune.] [Southern U. S.]

Po"nent (?), a. [OF., fr. It. ponente, properly, setting (applied to the setting sun), fr. L. ponens, p. pr. of ponere to set, put.] Western; occidental. [R.]

Forth rush the levant and the ponent winds.

Milton.

Pon*gee" (?), n. [Of East Indian origin.] A fabric of undyed silk from India and China.

Pon*ghee" (?), n. [From the native name.] A Buddhist priest of the higher orders in Burmah. Malcom.

Pon"go (?), n. (Zoˆl.) Any large ape; especially, the chimpanzee and the orang- outang.

Pon"iard (?), n. [F. poignard (cf. It. pugnale, Sp. puÒal), fr. L. pugio, -onis; probably akin to pugnus fist, or fr. pugnus fist, as held in the fist. See Pugnacious.] A kind of dagger, -- usually a slender one with a triangular or square blade.

She speaks poniards, and every word stabs.

Shak.

Pon"iard, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Poniarded; p. pr. & vb. n. Poniarding.] To pierce with a poniard; to stab. Cowper.

Po`ni*bil"i*ty (?), n. [L. ponere to place.] The capability of being placed or located. [Obs.] Barrow.