Chapter III: Part 3

||Pan (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. &?;.] (Gr. Myth.) The god of shepherds, ||guardian of bees, and patron of fishing and hunting. He is usually ||represented as having the head and trunk of a man, with the legs, ||horns, and tail of a goat, and as playing on the shepherd's pipe, ||which he is said to have invented.

Pan, n. [OE. panne, AS. panne; cf. D. pan, G. pfanne, OHG. pfanna, Icel., Sw., LL., & Ir. panna, of uncertain origin; cf. L. patina, E. paten.] 1. A shallow, open dish or vessel, usually of metal, employed for many domestic uses, as for setting milk for cream, for frying or baking food, etc.; also employed for various uses in manufacturing. "A bowl or a pan." Chaucer.

2. (Manuf.) A closed vessel for boiling or evaporating. See Vacuum pan, under Vacuum.

3. The part of a flintlock which holds the priming.

4. The skull, considered as a vessel containing the brain; the upper part of the head; the brainpan; the cranium. Chaucer.

5. (C&?;rp.) A recess, or bed, for the leaf of a hinge.

6. The hard stratum of earth that lies below the soil. See Hard pan, under Hard.

7. A natural basin, containing salt or fresh water, or mud.

Flash in the pan. See under Flash. -- To savor of the pan, to suggest the process of cooking or burning; in a theological sense, to be heretical. Ridley. Southey.

Pan, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Panned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Panning.] (Mining) To separate, as gold, from dirt or sand, by washing in a kind of pan. [U. S.]

We . . . witnessed the process of cleaning up and panning out,
which is the last process of separating the pure gold from the fine
dirt and black sand.

Gen. W. T. Sherman.

Pan, v. i. 1. (Mining) To yield gold in, or as in, the process of panning; -- usually with out; as, the gravel panned out richly.

2. To turn out (profitably or unprofitably); to result; to develop; as, the investigation, or the speculation, panned out poorly. [Slang, U. S.]

Pan"a*base (?), n. [Pan- + base. So called in allusion to the number of metals contained in it.] (Min.) Same as Tetrahedrite.

Pan`a*ce"a (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; all-healing; &?;, &?;, all + &?; to heal.]

1. A remedy for all diseases; a universal medicine; a cure-all; catholicon; hence, a relief or solace for affliction.

2. (Bot.) The herb allheal.

Pan`a*ce"an (?), a. Having the properties of a panacea. [R.] "Panacean dews." Whitehead.

Pa*nache" (?), n. [F., fr. L. penna a feather. See Pen a feather.] A plume or bunch of feathers, esp. such a bunch worn on the helmet; any military plume, or ornamental group of feathers.

A panache of variegated plumes.

Prescott.

{ Pa*na"da (?), Pa*nade" (?), } n. [Sp. panada, fr. L. panis bread: cf. F. panade. See Pantry.] Bread boiled in water to the consistence of pulp, and sweetened or flavored. [Written also panado.]

Pa*nade" (?), n. A dagger. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Pan`a*ma" hat` (?). A fine plaited hat, made in Central America of the young leaves of a plant (Carludovica palmata).

Pan`-A*mer"i*can (?), a. [See Pan- .] Of or pertaining to both North and South America.

Pan`-An"gli*can (?), a. [Pan- + Anglican.] (Eccl.) Belonging to, or representing, the whole Church of England; used less strictly, to include the Protestant Episcopal Church of the United States; as, the Pan- Anglican Conference at Lambeth, in 1888.

Pan"a*ry (?), a. [L. panis bread.] Of or pertaining to bread or to breadmaking.

Pan"a*ry, n. A storehouse for bread. Halliwell.

Pan"cake` (?), n. A thin cake of batter fried in a pan or on a griddle; a griddlecake; a flapjack. "A pancake for Shrove Tuesday." Shak.

Pan"carte` (?), n. [F., fr. LL. pancharta. See Pan-, and Carte.] A royal charter confirming to a subject all his possessions. [Obs.] Holinshed.

Pance (?), n. (Bot.) The pansy. [Also paunce.]

Panch (?), n. (Naut.) See Paunch.

Panch"way (?), n. [Hind. pan&?;oi.] (Naut.) A Bengalese four-oared boat for passengers. [Written also panshway and paunchwas.] Malcom.

Pan*cra"tian (?), a. Pancratic; athletic.

Pan*cra"ti*ast (?), n. One who engaged in the contests of the pancratium.

Pan*cra`ti*as"tic (?), a. Of or pertaining to the pancratium. G. West.

Pan*crat"ic (?), a. [Gr. &?; all- powerful.] (Opt.) Having all or many degrees of power; having a great range of power; -- said of an eyepiece made adjustable so as to give a varying magnifying power.

{ Pan*crat"ic (?), Pan*crat"ic*al (?), } a. [See Pancratium.] Of or pertaining to the pancratium; athletic. Sir T. Browne

Pan"cra*tist (?), n. An athlete; a gymnast.

||Pan*cra"ti*um (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. &?; a complete contest, fr. &?; ||all-powerful; &?;, &?;, all + &?; strength.]

1. (Gr. Antiq.) An athletic contest involving both boxing and wrestling.

2. (Bot.) A genus of Old World amaryllideous bulbous plants, having a funnel-shaped perianth with six narrow spreading lobes. The American species are now placed in the related genus Hymenocallis.

Pan"cre*as (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?;; &?;, &?;, all + &?; flesh, meat: cf. F. pancrÈas.] (Anat.) The sweetbread, a gland connected with the intestine of nearly all vertebrates. It is usually elongated and light-colored, and its secretion, called the pancreatic juice, is discharged, often together with the bile, into the upper part of the intestines, and is a powerful aid in digestion. See Illust. of Digestive apparatus.

Pan`cre*at"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. pancrÈatique.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the pancreas; as, the pancreatic secretion, digestion, ferments.

Pancreatic juice (Physiol.), a colorless alkaline fluid secreted intermittently by the pancreatic gland. It is one of the most important of the digestive fluids, containing at least three distinct ferments, trypsin, steapsin and an amylolytic ferment, by which it acts upon all three classes of food stuffs. See Pancreas.

Pan"cre*a*tin (?), n. [See Pancreas.] (Physiol. Chem.) One of the digestive ferments of the pancreatic juice; also, a preparation containing such a ferment, made from the pancreas of animals, and used in medicine as an aid to digestion.

By some the term pancreatin is restricted to the amylolytic ferment of the pancreatic juice, by others it is applied to trypsin, and by still others to steapsin.

Pan"cy (?), n. See Pansy. [Obs.] Dryden.

Pan"da (?), n. (Zoˆl.) A small Asiatic mammal (Ailurus fulgens) having fine soft fur. It is related to the bears, and inhabits the mountains of Northern India.

||Pan*da"nus (?), n. [NL., fr. Malay pandan.] (Bot.) A genus of ||endogenous plants. See Screw pine.

Pan"dar (?), n. Same as Pander. "Seized by the pandar of Appius." Macaulay.

Pan"dar*ism (?), n. Same as Panderism. Swift.

Pan"dar*ize (?), v. i. To pander. [Obs.]

Pan"dar*ous (?), a. Panderous. [Obs.]

Pan*de"an, a. [From 4th Pan.] Of or relating to the god Pan.

Pandean pipes, a primitive wind instrument, consisting of a series of short hollow reeds or pipes, graduated in length by the musical scale, and fastened together side by side; a syrinx; a mouth organ; -- said to have been invented by Pan. Called also Pan's pipes and Panpipes.

Pan"dect (?), n. [L. pandecta, pandectes, Gr. &?; all-receiving, all-containing; &?;, &?;, all + &?; to receive: cf. F. pandectes, pl.] 1. A treatise which comprehends the whole of any science.

[Thou] a pandect mak'st, and universal book.

Donne.

2. pl. The digest, or abridgment, in fifty books, of the decisions, writings, and opinions of the old Roman jurists, made in the sixth century by direction of the emperor Justinian, and forming the leading compilation of the Roman civil law. Kent.

Pan*dem"ic (?), a. [L. pandemus, Gr. &?;, &?;; &?;, &?;, all + &?; the people: cf. F. pandÈmique.] Affecting a whole people or a number of countries; everywhere epidemic. -- n. A pandemic disease. Harvey.

Pan`de*mo"ni*um (?), n. [NL., from Gr. &?;, &?;, all + &?; a demon.] 1. The great hall or council chamber of demons or evil spirits. Milton.

2. An utterly lawless, riotous place or assemblage.

Pan"der (?), n. [From Pandarus, a leader in the Trojan army, who is represented by Chaucer and Shakespeare as having procured for Troilus the possession of Cressida.]

1. A male bawd; a pimp; a procurer.

Thou art the pander to her dishonor.

Shak.

2. Hence, one who ministers to the evil designs and passions of another.

Those wicked panders to avarice and ambition.

Burke.

Pan"der, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pandered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pandering.] To play the pander for.

Pan"der, v. i. To act the part of a pander.

Pan"der*age (?), n. The act of pandering.

Pan"der*ism (?), n. The employment, arts, or practices of a pander. Bp. Hall.

Pan"der*ly, a. Having the quality of a pander. "O, you panderly rascals." Shak.

Pan*der"mite (?), n. [From Panderma, a port on the Black Sea from which it is exported.] (Min.) A hydrous borate of lime, near priceite.

Pan"der*ous (?), a. Of or relating to a pander; characterizing a pander.

Pan*dic"u*la`ted (?), a. [See Pandiculation.] Extended; spread out; stretched.

Pan*dic`u*la"tion (?), n. [L. pandiculari to stretch one's self, fr. pandere to spread out.] A stretching and stiffening of the trunk and extremities, as when fatigued and drowsy.

Pan"dit (?), n. See Pundit.

Pan"door (?), n. Same as Pandour.

Pan*do"ra (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. Pandw`ra; pa^s, pa^n, all + dw^ron a gift.] 1. (Class. Myth.) A beautiful woman (all-gifted), whom Jupiter caused Vulcan to make out of clay in order to punish the human race, because Prometheus had stolen the fire from heaven. Jupiter gave Pandora a box containing all human ills, which, when the box was opened, escaped and spread over the earth. Hope alone remained in the box. Another version makes the box contain all the blessings of the gods, which were lost to men when Pandora opened it.

2. (Zoˆl.) A genus of marine bivalves, in which one valve is flat, the other convex.

Pan"dore (?), n. [F. See Bandore.] An ancient musical instrument, of the lute kind; a bandore. [Written also pandoran.]

Pan"dour (?), n. One of a class of Hungarian mountaineers serving in the Austrian army; -- so called from Pandur, a principal town in the region from which they originally came. [Written also pandoor.]

Her whiskered pandours and her fierce hussars.

Campbell.

Pan*dow"dy (?), n. A deep pie or pudding made of baked apples, or of sliced bread and apples baked together, with no bottom crust.

{ Pan"du*rate, Pan*du"ri*form (?), } a. [L. pandura a pandore + -form: cf. F. panduriforme.] Obovate, with a concavity in each side, like the body of a violin; fiddle-shaped; as, a panduriform leaf; panduriform color markings of an animal.

Pane (?), n. [F. panne.] The narrow edge of a hammer head. See Peen.

Pane, n. [OE. pan part, portion of a thing, F. pan a skirt, lappet, part or piece of a wall, side, fr. L. pannus a cloth, fillet, rag; akin to E. vane. See Vane, and cf. Panel, Pawn pledge.] 1. A division; a distinct piece, limited part, or compartment of any surface; a patch; hence, a square of a checkered or plaided pattern.

2. One of the openings in a slashed garment, showing the bright colored silk, or the like, within; hence, the piece of colored or other stuff so shown.

3. (Arch.) (a) A compartment of a surface, or a flat space; hence, one side or face of a building; as, an octagonal tower is said to have eight panes. (b) Especially, in modern use, the glass in one compartment of a window sash.

4. In irrigating, a subdivision of an irrigated surface between a feeder and an outlet drain.

5. (a) One of the flat surfaces, or facets, of any object having several sides. (b) One of the eight facets surrounding the table of a brilliant cut diamond.

Paned (?), a. 1. Having panes; provided with panes; also, having openings; as, a paned window; paned window sash. "Paned hose." Massinger.

2. (Mach.) Having flat sides or surfaces; as, a six&?;paned nut.

Pan`e*gyr"ic (?), n. [L. panegyricus, Gr. panhgyrico`s: cf. F. panÈgyrique. See Panegyric, a.] An oration or eulogy in praise of some person or achievement; a formal or elaborate encomium; a laudatory discourse; laudation. See Synonym of Eulogy.

{ Pan`e*gyr"ic (?), Pan`e*gyr"ic*al (?), } a. [L. panegyricus, Gr. panhgyrico`s, from &?; an assembly of the people, a high festival; pa^, pa^n all + &?;, an assembly.] Containing praise or eulogy; encomiastic; laudatory. "Panegyric strains." Pope. -- Pan`e*gyr"ic*al*ly, adv.

Some of his odes are panegyrical.

Dryden.

Pa*neg"y*ris (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?;. See Panegyric.] A festival; a public assembly. [Obs.] S. Harris.

Pan"e*gyr`ist (?), n. [L. panegyrista, Gr. &?; one who attends a &?;: cf. &?; to celebrate or attend a public festival, to make a set speech, esp. a panegyric, in a public assembly. See Panegyric.] One who delivers a panegyric; a eulogist; one who extols or praises, either by writing or speaking.

If these panegyrists are in earnest.

Burke.

Pan"e*gy*rize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Panegyrized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Panegyrizing (?).] [Gr. &?;. See Panegyrist.] To praise highly; to extol in a public speech; to write or deliver a panegyric upon; to eulogize.

Pan"e*gy*rize, v. i. To indulge in panegyrics. Mitford.

Pan"e*gyr`y (?), n. A panegyric. [Obs.] Milton.

Pan"el (?), n. [Orig., a little piece; OF. panel, pannel, F. panneau, dim. of pan skirt, lappet, part or piece of a wall, side. See 2d Pane.] 1. (Arch.) A sunken compartment with raised margins, molded or otherwise, as in ceilings, wainscotings, etc.

<! p. 1036 !>

2. (Law) (a) A piece of parchment or a schedule, containing the names of persons summoned as jurors by the sheriff; hence, more generally, the whole jury. Blackstone. (b) (Scots Law) A prisoner arraigned for trial at the bar of a criminal court. Burrill.

3. Formerly, a piece of cloth serving as a saddle; hence, a soft pad beneath a saddletree to prevent chafing.

4. (Joinery) A board having its edges inserted in the groove of a surrounding frame; as, the panel of a door.

5. (Masonry) One of the faces of a hewn stone. Gwilt.

6. (Painting) A slab or plank of wood upon which, instead of canvas, a picture is painted.

7. (Mining) (a) A heap of dressed ore. (b) One of the districts divided by pillars of extra size, into which a mine is laid off in one system of extracting coal.

8. (Dressmaking) A plain strip or band, as of velvet or plush, placed at intervals lengthwise on the skirt of a dress, for ornament.

9. A portion of a framed structure between adjacent posts or struts, as in a bridge truss.

Panel game, a method of stealing money in a panel house. -- Panel house, a house of prostitution in which the rooms have secret entrances to facilitate theft by accomplices of the inmates. -- Panel saw, handsaw with fine teeth, -- used for cutting out panels, etc. -- Panel thief, one who robs in a panel house.

Pan"el (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Paneled (?) or Panelled; p. pr. & vb. n. Paneling or Panelling.] To form in or with panels; as, to panel a wainscot.

Paneled back (Arch.), the paneled work covering the window back. See Window back.

Pan`el*a"tion (?), n. The act of impaneling a jury. [Obs.] [Written also panellation.] Wood.

Pane"less (?), a. Without panes.

To patch his paneless window.

Shenstone.

Pan"el*ing (?), n. A forming in panels; panelwork. [Written also panelling.]

Pan"el*work` (?), n. (Arch.) Wainscoting.

Pan*eu"lo*gism (?), n. [See Pan-, Eulogy.] Eulogy of everything; indiscriminate praise. [R.]

Her book has a trace of the cant of paneulogism.

National Rev.

Pan"ful (?), n.; pl. Panfuls (#). [See 5th Pan.] Enough to fill a pan.

Pang (?), n. [Prob. for older prange. Cf. Prong.] A paroxysm of extreme pain or anguish; a sudden and transitory agony; a throe; as, the pangs of death.

Syn. -- Agony; anguish; distress. See Agony.

Pang, v. t. To torture; to cause to have great pain or suffering; to torment. [R.] Shak.

Pan*gen"e*sis (?), n. [Pan- + genesis.] (Biol.) An hypothesis advanced by Darwin in explanation of heredity.

The theory rests on the assumption, that the whole organization, in the sense of every separate atom or unit, reproduces itself, the cells throwing off minute granules called gemmules, which circulate freely throughout the system and multiply by subdivision. These gemmules collect in the reproductive organs and products, or in buds, so that the egg or bud contains gemmules from all parts of the parent or parents, which in development give rise to cells in the offspring similar to those from which they were given off in the parent. The hypothesis also assumes that these gemmules need not in all cases develop into cells, but may lie dormant, and be transmitted from generation to generation without producing a noticeable effect until a case of atavism occurs.

Pan`ge*net"ic (?), a. (Biol.) Of or pertaining to pangenesis.

Pang"ful (?), a. Full of pangs. Richardson.

Pang"less, a. Without a pang; painless. Byron.

Pan"go*lin (?), n. [Malay pang&?;lang.] (Zoˆl.) Any one of several species of Manis, Pholidotus, and related genera, found in Africa and Asia. They are covered with imbricated scales, and feed upon ants. Called also scaly ant-eater.

Pan*goth"ic (?), a. [Pan- + Gothic.] Of, pertaining to, or including, all the Gothic races. "Ancestral Pangothic stock." Earle.

Pan`hel*len"ic (?), a. [See Panhellenium.] Of or pertaining to all Greece, or to Panhellenism; including all Greece, or all the Greeks.

Pan*hel"len*ism (?), n. A scheme to unite all the Greeks in one political body.

Pan*hel"len*ist, n. An advocate of Panhellenism.

Pan`hel*le"ni*um (?), n. [NL., from Gr. &?;; &?;, &?;, all + &?; the Greeks.] (Gr. Antiq.) An assembly or association of Greeks from all the states of Greece.

Pan"ic (?), n. [L. panicum.] (Bot.) A plant of the genus Panicum; panic grass; also, the edible grain of some species of panic grass.

Panic grass (Bot.), any grass of the genus Panicum.

Pan"ic, a. [Gr. &?; of or pertaining to &?; Pan, to whom the causing of sudden fright was ascribed: cf. F. panique.] Extreme or sudden and causeless; unreasonable; - - said of fear or fright; as, panic fear, terror, alarm. "A panic fright." Dryden.

Pan"ic, n. [Gr. &?; (with or without &?; fear): cf. F. panigue. See Panic, a.] 1. A sudden, overpowering fright; esp., a sudden and groundless fright; terror inspired by a trifling cause or a misapprehension of danger; as, the troops were seized with a panic; they fled in a panic.

2. By extension: A sudden widespread fright or apprehension concerning financial affairs.

Pan"ic*al (?), a. See Panic, a. [Obs.] Camden.

Pan"i*cle (?), n. [L. panicula a tuft on plants, dim. of panus the thread wound upon the bobbin in a shuttle; cf. Gr. &?;, &?;; prob. akin to E. pane: cf. F. panicule. See 2d Pane.] (Bot.) A pyramidal form of inflorescence, in which the cluster is loosely branched below and gradually simpler toward the end.

Pan"i*cled (?), a. (Bot.) Furnished with panicles; arranged in, or like, panicles; paniculate.

{ Pan"ic-strick`en (?), Pan"ic-struck` (?) }, a. Struck with a panic, or sudden fear. Burke.

{ Pa*nic"u*late (?), Pa*nic"u*la`ted (?), } a. [See Panicle.] (Bot) Same as Panicled.

||Pan"i*cum (?), n. [L., panic grass.] (Bot.) A genus of grasses, ||including several hundred species, some of which are valuable; panic ||grass.

Pan*id`i*o*mor"phic (?), a. [Pan- + idiomorphic.] (Geol.) Having a completely idiomorphic structure; -- said of certain rocks.

Pan"ier (?), n. See Pannier, 3. [Obs.]

Pan`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [L. panis bread + -ficare (in comp.) to make: cf. F. panification.] The act or process of making bread. Ure.

Pa"nim (?), n. See Painim. [Obs.] Milton.

Pan*is"lam*ism (?), n. [Pan- + Islamism.] A desire or plan for the union of all Mohammedan nations for the conquest of the world.

Pa*niv"o*rous (?), a. [L. panis bread + vorare to devour.] Eating bread; subsisting on bread.

Pan*nade" (?), n. The curvet of a horse.

Pan"nage (?), n. [OF. pasnage, LL. pasnadium, pastinaticum, fr. pastionare to feed on mast, as swine, fr. L. pastio a pasturing, grazing. See Pastor.] (O. Eng. Law) (a) The food of swine in the woods, as beechnuts, acorns, etc.; -- called also pawns. (b) A tax paid for the privilege of feeding swine in the woods.

Pan"na*ry (?), a. See Panary. Loudon.

Pan"nel (?), n. [See Panel.] 1. A kind of rustic saddle. Tusser.

2. (Falconry) The stomach of a hawk. Ainsworth.

3. (Mil.) A carriage for conveying a mortar and its bed, on a march. Farrow.

Pan"nier (?), n. [F. panier, fr. L. panarium a bread basket, fr. panis bread. Cf. Pantry.] 1. A bread basket; also, a wicker basket (used commonly in pairs) for carrying fruit or other things on a horse or an ass Hudibras.

2. (Mil. Antiq.) A shield of basket work formerly used by archers as a shelter from the enemy's missiles.

3. A table waiter at the Inns of Court, London.

4. A framework of steel or whalebone, worn by women to expand their dresses; a kind of bustle.

Pan"niered (?), a. Bearing panniers. Wordsworth.

Pan"ni*kel (?), n. [See Pan a dish.] The brainpan, or skull; hence, the crest. [Obs.] Spenser.

Pan"ni*kin (?), n. [Dim. of pan a dish.] A small pan or cup. Marryat. Thackeray.

Pan"nose` (?), a. [See Pannus.] (Bot.) Similar in texture or appearance to felt or woolen cloth.

||Pan"nus (?), n. [L., cloth. See 2d Pane.] (Med.) A very vascular ||superficial opacity of the cornea, usually caused by granulation of ||the eyelids. Foster.

Pan`o*is"tic (?), a. [Pan- + Gr. &?; an egg.] (Zoˆl.) Producing ova only; -- said of the ovaries of certain insects which do not produce vitelligenous cells.

Pan`om*phe"an (?), a. [L. panomphaeus, Gr. &?;.] Uttering ominous or prophetic voices; divining. [R.]

We want no half gods, panomphean Joves.

Mrs. Browning.

Pan"o*plied (?), a. Dressed in panoply.

Pan"o*ply (?), n. [Gr. &?;; &?;, &?;, all + &?; tool, implement, in pl., armor, arms.] Defensive armor in general; a full suit of defensive armor. Milton.

We had need to take the Christian panoply, to put on the whole
armor of God.

Ray.

Pa*nop"ti*con (?), n. [NL. See Pan- , and Optic.]

1. A prison so contructed that the inspector can see each of the prisoners at all times, without being seen.

2. A room for the exhibition of novelties.

Pan`o*ra"ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, &?;, all + &?; that which is seen, a view, fr. &?; to see. See Pan- , and Wary.]

1. A complete view in every direction.

2. A picture presenting a view of objects in every direction, as from a central point.

3. A picture representing scenes too extended to be beheld at once, and so exhibited a part at a time, by being unrolled, and made to pass continuously before the spectator.

{ Pan`o*ram"ic (?), Pan`o*ram"ic*al (?), } a. Of, pertaining to, or like, a panorama.

Panoramic camera. See under Camera.

Pa*nor"pi*an (?), a. (Zoˆl.) Like, or pertaining to, the genus Panorpa. -- n. Same as Panorpid.

Pa*nor"pid (?), n. (Zoˆl.) Any neuropterous insect of the genus Panorpa, and allied genera. The larvÊ feed on plant lice.

Pan*phar"ma*con (?), n. [NL. See Pan- , and Pharmacon.] A medicine for all diseases; a panacea. [R.]

Pan`pres`by*te"ri*an (?), a. [Pan- + Presbyterian.] Belonging to, or representative of, those who hold Presbyterian views in all parts of the world; as, a Panpresbyterian council.

{ Pan`sclav"ic (?), Pan`sclav"ism (?), Pan`sclav"ist, Pan`scla*vo"ni*an (?) }. See Panslavic, Panslavism, etc.

Pan"shon (?), n. An earthen vessel wider at the top than at the bottom, -- used for holding milk and for various other purposes. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

Pan"sied (?), a. [From Pansy.] Covered or adorned with pansies. "The pansied grounds." Darwin.

Pan`slav"ic (?), a. [Pan- + Slavic.] Pertaining to all the Slavic races.

Pan`slav"ism (?), n. A scheme or desire to unite all the Slavic races into one confederacy.

Pan`slav"ist (?), n. One who favors Panslavism.

Pan`sla*vo"ni*an (?), a. See Panslavic.

Pan*soph"ic*al (?), a. [See Pansophy.] All-wise; claiming universal knowledge; as, pansophical pretenders. [R.] John Worthington.

Pan"so*phy (?), n. [Pan- + Gr. &?; wisdom, &?; wise: cf. F. pansophie.] Universal wisdom; esp., a system of universal knowledge proposed by Comenius (1592 -- 1671), a Moravian educator. [R.] Hartlib.

{ Pan*sper"ma*tist (?), Pan"sper`mist (?), } n. (Biol.) A believer in panspermy; one who rejects the theory of spontaneous generation; a biogenist.

Pan`sper"mic (?), a. (Biol.) Of or pertaining to panspermy; as, the panspermic hypothesis.

Pan"sper`my (?), n. [Pan- + Gr. &?; a seed.] (Biol.) (a) The doctrine of the widespread distribution of germs, from which under favorable circumstances bacteria, vibrios, etc., may develop. (b) The doctrine that all organisms must come from living parents; biogenesis; -- the opposite of spontaneous generation.

Pan*ste`re*o*ra"ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, &?;, all + &?; solid + &?; a view.] A model of a town or country, in relief, executed in wood, cork, pasteboard, or the like. Brande & C.

Pan"sy (?), n.; pl. Pansies (#). [F. PensÈe thought, pansy, fr. penser to think, L. pensare to weigh, ponder. See Pensive.] (Bot.) A plant of the genus Viola (V. tricolor) and its blossom, originally purple and yellow. Cultivated varieties have very large flowers of a great diversity of colors. Called also heart's-ease, love-in-idleness, and many other quaint names.

Pant (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Panted; p. pr. & vb. n. Panting.] [Cf. F. panteler to gasp for breath, OF. panteisier to be breathless, F. pantois out of breath; perh. akin to E. phantom, the verb prob. orig. meaning, to have the nightmare.] 1. To breathe quickly or in a labored manner, as after exertion or from eagerness or excitement; to respire with heaving of the breast; to gasp.

Pluto plants for breath from out his cell.

Dryden.

2. Hence: To long eagerly; to desire earnestly.

As the hart panteth after the water brooks.

Ps. xlii. 1.

Who pants for glory finds but short repose.

Pope.

3. To beat with unnatural violence or rapidity; to palpitate, or throb; -- said of the heart. Spenser.

4. To sigh; to flutter; to languish. [Poetic]

The whispering breeze Pants on the leaves, and dies upon the trees.

Pope.

Pant, v. t. 1. To breathe forth quickly or in a labored manner; to gasp out.

There is a cavern where my spirit Was panted forth in anguish.

Shelley.

2. To long for; to be eager after. [R.]

Then shall our hearts pant thee.

Herbert.

Pant, n. 1. A quick breathing; a catching of the breath; a gasp. Drayton.

2. A violent palpitation of the heart. Shak.

Pan"ta- (?). See Pan-.

Pan"ta*ble (?), n. See Pantofle. [Obs.]

Pan"ta*cosm (?), n. [Panta- + Gr. ko`smos universe.] See Cosmolabe.

Pan"ta*graph (?), n. See Pantograph.

Pan*tag"ru*el*ism (?), n. [From Pantagruel, one of the characters of Rabelais.] 1. The theory or practice of the medical profession; -- used in burlesque or ridicule.

2. An assumption of buffoonery to cover some serious purpose. [R.] Donaldson.

Pan`ta*let" (?), n. [Dim. of pantaloon.] One of the legs of the loose drawers worn by children and women; particularly, the lower part of such a garment, coming below the knee, often made in a separate piece; -- chiefly in the plural.

Pan`ta*loon" (?), n. [F. pantalon, fr. It. pantalone, a masked character in the Italian comedy, who wore breeches and stockings that were all of one piece, from Pantaleone, the patron saint of Venice, which, as a baptismal name, is very frequent among the Venetians, and is applied to them by the other Italians as a nickname, fr. Gr. &?;, lit., all lion, a Greek personal name.] 1. A ridiculous character, or an old dotard, in the Italian comedy; also, a buffoon in pantomimes. Addison.

The sixth age shifts Into the lean and slippered pantaloon.

Shak.

2. pl. A bifurcated garment for a man, covering the body from the waist downwards, and consisting of breeches and stockings in one.

3. pl. In recent times, same as Trousers.

Pan`ta*loon"er*y (?), n. 1. The character or performances of a pantaloon; buffoonery. [R.] Lamb.

2. Materials for pantaloons.

Pan"ta*morph (?), n. That which assumes, or exists in, all forms.

Pan`ta*mor"phic (?), a. [Panta- + Gr. &?; form.] Taking all forms.

Pan"ta*scope (?), n. [Panta- + -scope.] (Photog.) A pantascopic camera.

Pan`ta*scop"ic (?), a. Viewing all; taking a view of the whole. See under Camera.

<! p. 1037 !>

||Pan`ta*stom"a*ta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, &?;, all + &?;, &?;, ||mouth.] (Zoˆl.) One of the divisions of Flagellata, including the ||monads and allied forms.

Pan*tech"ni*con (?), n. [NL. See Pan- , and Technic.] A depository or place where all sorts of manufactured articles are collected for sale.

Pan*tel"e*graph (?), n. [Pan- + telegraph.] See under Telegraph.

Pant"er (?), n. One who pants. Congreve.

Pan"ter (?), n.[F. panetier. See Pantry.] A keeper of the pantry; a pantler. [Obs.] Tyndale.

Pan"ter, n. [See Painter a rope.] A net; a noose. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Pan`teu*ton"ic (?), a. [Pan- + Teutonic.] Of or pertaining to all the Teutonic races.

Pan"the*ism (?), n. [Pan- + theism.] The doctrine that the universe, taken or conceived of as a whole, is God; the doctrine that there is no God but the combined force and laws which are manifested in the existing universe; cosmotheism.

Pan"the*ist, n. One who holds to pantheism.

{ Pan`the*is"tic (?), Pan`the*is"tic*al (?), } a. Of or pertaining to pantheism; founded in, or leading to, pantheism. -- Pan`the*is"tic*al*ly, adv.

Pan`the*ol"o*gist (?), n. One versed in pantheology.

Pan`the*ol"o*gy (?), n. [Pan- + theology.] A system of theology embracing all religions; a complete system of theology.

Pan*the"on (?), n. [L. pantheon, pantheum, Gr. &?; (sc. &?;), fr. &?; of all gods; &?;, &?;, all + &?; a god: cf. F. panthÈon. See Pan-, and Theism.] 1. A temple dedicated to all the gods; especially, the building so called at Rome.

2. The collective gods of a people, or a work treating of them; as, a divinity of the Greek pantheon.

Pan"ther (?), n. [OE. pantere, F. panthËre, L. panthera, Gr. &?;, prob. fr. Skr. pundrka a tiger.]

1. (Zoˆl.) A large dark-colored variety of the leopard, by some zoˆlogists considered a distinct species. It is marked with large ringlike spots, the centers of which are darker than the color of the body.

2. (Zoˆl.) In America, the name is applied to the puma, or cougar, and sometimes to the jaguar.

Panther cat (Zoˆl.), the ocelot. -- Panther cowry (Zoˆl.), a spotted East Indian cowry (CyprÊa pantherina); -- so called from its color.

Pan"ther*ess, n. (Zoˆl.) A female panther.

Pan"ther*ine (?), a. Like a panther, esp. in color; as, the pantherine snake (Ptyas mucosus) of Brazil.

Pan"tile` (?), n. [5th pan + tile.] (Arch.) A roofing tile, of peculiar form, having a transverse section resembling an elongated S laid on its side (&?;).

Pant"ing*ly (?), adv. With palpitation or rapid breathing. Shak.

Pan`ti*soc"ra*cy (?), n. [Panto- + Gr. &?; equal + &?; to rule.] A Utopian community, in which all should rule equally, such as was devised by Coleridge, Lovell, and Southey, in their younger days.

Pan*tis"o*crat (?), n. A pantisocratist.

Pan`ti*so*crat"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to a pantisocracy.

Pan`ti*soc"ra*tist (?), n. One who favors or supports the theory of a pantisocracy. Macaulay.

Pan"tler (?), n. [F. panetier. See Panter, Pantry.] The servant or officer, in a great family, who has charge of the bread and the pantry. [Obs.] Shak.

Pan"to- (?). See Pan-.

Pan`to*chro*nom"e*ter (?), n. [Panto- + chronometer.] An instrument combining a compass, sundial, and universal time dial. Brande & C.

Pan*to"fle (?), n. [F. pantoufle.] A slipper for the foot. [Written also pantable and pantoble.]

Pan"to*graph (?), n. [Panto- + -graph: cf. F. pantographe.] An instrument for copying plans, maps, and other drawings, on the same, or on a reduced or an enlarged, scale. [Written also pantagraph, and incorrectly pentagraph.]

Skew pantograph, a kind of pantograph for drawing a copy which is inclined with respect to the original figure; -- also called plagiograph.

{ Pan`to*graph"ic (?), Pan`to*graph"ic*al (?) }, a. [Cf. F. pantographique.] Of or pertaining to a pantograph; relating to pantography.

Pan*tog"ra*phy (?), n. [Cf. F. pantographie.] A general description; entire view of an object.

Pan`to*log"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to pantology.

Pan*tol"o*gist (?), n. One versed in pantology; a writer of pantology.

Pan*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Panto- + -logy.] A systematic view of all branches of human knowledge; a work of universal information.

Pan*tom"e*ter (?), n. [Panto- + -meter: cf. F. pantomËtre.] An instrument for measuring angles for determining elevations, distances, etc.

Pan*tom"e*try (?), n. Universal measurement. [R.] -- Pan`to*met"ric (#), a. [R.]

Pan"to*mime (?), n. [F., fr. L. pantomimus, Gr. &?;, lit., all-imitating; &?;, &?;, all + &?; to imitate: cf. It. pantomimo. See Mimic.] 1. A universal mimic; an actor who assumes many parts; also, any actor. [Obs.]

2. One who acts his part by gesticulation or dumb show only, without speaking; a pantomimist.

[He] saw a pantomime perform so well that he could follow the
performance from the action alone.

Tylor.

3. A dramatic representation by actors who use only dumb show; hence, dumb show, generally.

4. A dramatic and spectacular entertainment of which dumb acting as well as burlesque dialogue, music, and dancing by Clown, Harlequin, etc., are features.

Pan"to*mime, a. Representing only in mute actions; pantomimic; as, a pantomime dance.

{ Pan`to*mim"ic (?), Pan`to*mim"ic*al (?), } a. [Cf. F. pantomimique.] Of or pertaining to the pantomime; representing by dumb show. "Pantomimic gesture." Bp. Warburton. -- Pan`to*mim"ic*al*ly, adv.

Pan"to*mi`mist (?), n. An actor in pantomime; also, a composer of pantomimes.

Pan"ton (?), n. [F. patin. See Patten.] (Far.) A horseshoe to correct a narrow, hoofbound heel.

Pan*toph"a*gist (?), n. [See Pantophagous.] A person or an animal that has the habit of eating all kinds of food.

Pan*toph"a*gous (?), a. [Gr. &?;; &?;, &?;, all + &?; to eat.] Eating all kinds of food.

Pan*toph"a*gy (?), n. [Gr. &?;.] The habit or power of eating all kinds of food.

||Pan*top"o*da (?), n. pl. [NL. See Panto-, & -poda.] (Zoˆl.) Same as ||Pycnogonida.

Pan`to*scop"ic (?), a. [Panto- + -scope + -ic.] Literally, seeing everything; -- a term applied to eyeglasses or spectacles divided into two segments, the upper being designed for distant vision, the lower for vision of near objects.

Pan"try (?), n.; pl. Pantries (#). [OE. pantrie, F. paneterie, fr. panetier pantler, LL. panetarius baker, panetus small loaf of bread, L. panis bread. Cf. Company, Pannier, Pantler.] An apartment or closet in which bread and other provisions are kept.

Pan*ur"gic (?), a. [Cf. Gr. &?; knavish.] Skilled in all kinds of work. "The panurgic Diderot." J. Morley.

Pan"ur*gy (?), n. [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;, properly, ready to do anything; hence, knavish, roguish; &?;, &?;, all + &?; work.] Skill in all kinds of work or business; craft. [R.] Bailey.

Pan"yard (?), n. See Pannier. [Obs.] Pepys.

Pa"nym (?), n. & a. See Panim. [Obs.]

Pan*zo"ism (?), n. [Pan- + Gr. &?; an animal.] (Biol.) A term used to denote all of the elements or factors which constitute vitality or vital energy. H. Spencer.

||Pa"o*lo (?), n. [It. Cf. Paul.] An old Italian silver coin, worth ||about ten cents.

Pap (?), n. [Cf. OSw. papp. Cf. Pap soft food.]

1. (Anat.) A nipple; a mammilla; a teat. Dryden.

The paps which thou hast sucked.

Luke xi. 27.

2. A rounded, nipplelike hill or peak; anything resembling a nipple in shape; a mamelon. Macaulay.

Pap, n. [Cf. D. pap, G. pappe, both perh. fr. L. papa, pappa, the word with which infants call for food: cf. It. pappa.] 1. A soft food for infants, made of bread boiled or softtened in milk or water.

2. Nourishment or support from official patronage; as, treasury pap. [Colloq. & Contemptuous]

3. The pulp of fruit. Ainsworth.

Pap, v. t. To feed with pap. Beau. & Fl.

Pa*pa" (?), n. [F. papa, L. papa; cf. Gr. &?;, &?;, a child's word meaning father. Cf. Pope.]

1. A child's word for father.

2. A parish priest in the Greek Church. Shipley.

Pa`pa*bo"te (?), n. [Probably of Creole origin.] (Zoˆl.) The upland plover. [Local, U. S.]

Pa"pa*cy (?), n. [LL. papatia, fr. L. papa a father, bishop. See Pope.] 1. The office and dignity of the pope, or pontiff, of Rome; papal jurisdiction.

2. The popes, collectively; the succession of popes.

3. The Roman Catholic religion; -- commonly used by the opponents of the Roman Catholics in disparagement or in an opprobrious sense.

Pap"a*gay (?), n. (Zoˆl.) See Popinjay, 1 (b).

Pa*pa"in (?), n. [From Papaw.] (Physiol. Chem.) A proteolytic ferment, like trypsin, present in the juice of the green fruit of the papaw (Carica Papaya) of tropical America.

Pa"pal (?), a. [F., fr. L. papa bishop. See Papacy.]

1. Of or pertaining to the pope of Rome; proceeding from the pope; ordered or pronounced by the pope; as, papal jurisdiction; a papal edict; the papal benediction. Milman.

2. Of or pertaining to the Roman Catholic Church. "Papal Christians." Bp. Burnet.

Papal cross. See Illust. 3 of Cross. -- Papal crown, the tiara.

Pa"pal*ist (?), n. A papist. [Obs.] Baxter.

Pa*pal"i*ty (?), n. [LL. papalitas: cf. F. papautÈ.] The papacy. [Obs.] Ld. Berners. Milton.

Pa"pal*ize (?), v. t. To make papal. [R.]

Pa"pal*ize, v. i. To conform to popery. Cowper.

Pa"pal*ly, adv. In a papal manner; popishly

Pa"pal*ty (?), n. The papacy. [Obs.] Milton.

Pa`pa*pho"bi*a (?), n. [NL., fr. L. papa bishop + Gr. &?; to fear.] Intense fear or dread of the pope, or of the Roman Catholic Church. [R.]

Pa"par*chy (?), n. [L. papa bishop + -archy.] Government by a pope; papal rule.

||Pa*pa"ver (?), n. [L., poppy.] (Bot.) A genus of plants, including ||the poppy.

Pa*pav`er*a"ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a natural order of plants (PapaveraceÊ) of which the poppy, the celandine, and the bloodroot are well-known examples.

Pa*pav"er*ine (?), n. (Chem.) An alkaloid found in opium. It has a weaker therapeutic action than morphine.

Pa*pav"er*ous (?), a. Of or pertaining to the poppy; of the nature of the poppy. Sir T. Browne.

Pa*paw" (?), n. [Prob. from the native name in the West Indies; cf. Sp. papayo papaw, papaya the fruit of the papaw.] [Written also pawpaw.] 1. (Bot.) A tree (Carica Papaya) of tropical America, belonging to the order PassifloreÊ. It has a soft, spongy stem, eighteen or twenty feet high, crowned with a tuft of large, long-stalked, palmately lobed leaves. The milky juice of the plant is said to have the property of making meat tender. Also, its dull orange-colored, melon-shaped fruit, which is eaten both raw and cooked or pickled.

2. (Bot.) A tree of the genus Asimina (A. triloba), growing in the western and southern parts of the United States, and producing a sweet edible fruit; also, the fruit itself. Gray.

Pap"boat` (?), n. 1. A kind of sauce boat or dish.

2. (Zoˆl.) A large spiral East Indian marine shell (Turbinella rapha); -- so called because used by native priests to hold the oil for anointing.

Pape (?), n. [Cf. F. pape, fr. L. papa. See Pope.] A spiritual father; specifically, the pope. [Obs.]

Pa"pe*jay (?), n. A popinjay. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Pa"per (?), n. [F. papier, fr. L. papyrus papyrus, from which the Egyptians made a kind of paper, Gr. &?;. Cf. Papyrus.] 1. A substance in the form of thin sheets or leaves intended to be written or printed on, or to be used in wrapping. It is made of rags, straw, bark, wood, or other fibrous material, which is first reduced to pulp, then molded, pressed, and dried.

2. A sheet, leaf, or piece of such substance.

3. A printed or written instrument; a document, essay, or the like; a writing; as, a paper read before a scientific society.

They brought a paper to me to be signed.

Dryden.

4. A printed sheet appearing periodically; a newspaper; a journal; as, a daily paper.

5. Negotiable evidences of indebtedness; notes; bills of exchange, and the like; as, the bank holds a large amount of his paper.

6. Decorated hangings or coverings for walls, made of paper. See Paper hangings, below.

7. A paper containing (usually) a definite quantity; as, a paper of pins, tacks, opium, etc.

8. A medicinal preparation spread upon paper, intended for external application; as, cantharides paper.

Paper is manufactured in sheets, the trade names of which, together with the regular sizes in inches, are shown in the following table. But paper makers vary the size somewhat.

In the manufacture of books, etc., a sheet, of whatever size originally, is termed, when folded once, a folio; folded twice, a quarto, or 4to; three times, an octavo, or 8vo; four times, a sextodecimo, or 16mo; five times, a 32mo; three times, with an offcut folded twice and set in, a duodecimo, or 12mo; four times, with an offcut folded three times and set in, a 24mo.

<! p. 1038 !>

Paper is often used adjectively or in combination, having commonly an obvious signification; as, paper cutter or paper-cutter; paper knife, paper-knife, or paperknife; paper maker, paper-maker, or papermaker; paper mill or paper-mill; paper weight, paper-weight, or paperweight, etc.

Business paper, checks, notes, drafts, etc., given in payment of actual indebtedness; -- opposed to accommodation paper. -- Fly paper, paper covered with a sticky preparation, -- used for catching flies. -- Laid paper. See under Laid. -- Paper birch (Bot.), the canoe birch tree (Betula papyracea). -- Paper blockade, an ineffective blockade, as by a weak naval force. -- Paper boat (Naut.), a boat made of water-proof paper. -- Paper car wheel (Railroad), a car wheel having a steel tire, and a center formed of compressed paper held between two plate- iron disks. Forney. -- Paper credit, credit founded upon evidences of debt, such as promissory notes, duebills, etc. -- Paper hanger, one who covers walls with paper hangings. -- Paper hangings, paper printed with colored figures, or otherwise made ornamental, prepared to be pasted against the walls of apartments, etc.; wall paper. -- Paper house, an audience composed of people who have come in on free passes. [Cant] -- Paper money, notes or bills, usually issued by government or by a banking corporation, promising payment of money, and circulated as the representative of coin. -- Paper mulberry. (Bot.) See under Mulberry. -- Paper muslin, glazed muslin, used for linings, etc. -- Paper nautilus. (Zoˆl.) See Argonauta. -- Paper reed (Bot.), the papyrus. - - Paper sailor. (Zoˆl.) See Argonauta. -- Paper stainer, one who colors or stamps wall paper. De Colange. -- Paper wasp (Zoˆl.), any wasp which makes a nest of paperlike material, as the yellow jacket. -- Paper weight, any object used as a weight to prevent loose papers from being displaced by wind, or otherwise. -- Parchment paper. See Papyrine. -- Tissue paper, thin, gauzelike paper, such as is used to protect engravings in books. -- Wall paper. Same as Paper hangings, above. -- Waste paper, paper thrown aside as worthless or useless, except for uses of little account. -- Wove paper, a writing paper with a uniform surface, not ribbed or watermarked.

Pa"per (?), a. Of or pertaining to paper; made of paper; resembling paper; existing only on paper; unsubstantial; as, a paper box; a paper army.

Pa"per, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Papered(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Papering.] 1. To cover with paper; to furnish with paper hangings; as, to paper a room or a house.

2. To fold or inclose in paper.

3. To put on paper; to make a memorandum of. [Obs.]

Pa"per*weight` (?), n. See under Paper, n.

Pa"per*y (?), a. Like paper; having the thinness or consistence of paper. Gray.

Pa*pes"cent (?), a. [From Pap soft food.] Containing or producing pap; like pap. [R.] Arbuthnot.

Pa"pess (?), n. [F. papesse.] A female pope; i. e., the fictitious pope Joan. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

||Pa`pe*terie" (?), n. [F., paper manufacture, fr. papier paper.] A ||case or box containing paper and materials for writing.

Pa"phi*an (?), a. [L. Paphius, Gr. &?;, from &?; the city Paphos.] Of or pertaining to Paphos, an ancient city of Cyprus, having a celebrated temple of Venus; hence, pertaining to Venus, or her rites.

Pa"phi*an, n. A native or inhabitant of Paphos.

||Pa`pier"-ma`chÈ" (?), n. [F. papier m‚chÈ, lit., chewed or mashed ||paper.] A hard and strong substance made of a pulp from paper, mixed ||with sise or glue, etc. It is formed into various articles, usually ||by means of molds.

||Pa*pil"i*o (?), n. [L., a butterfly.] (Zoˆl.) A genus of butterflies.

Formerly it included numerous species which are now placed in other genera. By many writers it is now restricted to the swallow- tailed butterflies, like Papilio polyxenes, or asterias, and related species.

Pa*pil`io*na"ceous (?), a. 1. Resembling the butterfly.

2. (Bot.) (a) Having a winged corolla somewhat resembling a butterfly, as in the blossoms of the bean and pea. (b) Belonging to that suborder of leguminous plants (PapilionaceÊ) which includes the bean, pea, vetch, clover, and locust.

||Pa*pil`i*o"nes (?), n. pl. [NL. See Papilio.] (Zoˆl.) The division of ||Lepidoptera which includes the butterflies.

||Pa*pil`i*on"i*des (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zoˆl.) The typical butterflies.

Pa*pil"la (?), n.; pl. PapillÊ (#). [L., a nipple, pimple.] Any minute nipplelike projection; as, the papillÊ of the tongue.

Pap"il*lar (?), a. [Cf. F. papillaire.] Same as Papillose.

Pap"il*la*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. papillaire.] Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a papilla or papillÊ; bearing, or covered with, papillÊ; papillose.

Pap"il*late (?), v. t. & i. To cover with papillÊ; to take the form of a papilla, or of papillÊ.

Pap"il*late (?), a. Same as Papillose.

Pa*pil"li*form (?), a. [Papilla + -form.] Shaped like a papilla; mammilliform.

||Pap`il*lo"ma (?), n.; pl. Papillomata (#). [NL. See Papilla, and - ||Oma.] (Med.) A tumor formed by hypertrophy of the papillÊ of the skin ||or mucous membrane, as a corn or a wart. Quain.

Pap`il*lo"ma*tous (?), a. (Med.) Of, pertaining to, or consisting of, papillomata.

Pap"il*lose` (?), a. [Cf. F. papilleux.] Covered with, or bearing, papillÊ; resembling papillÊ; papillate; papillar; papillary.

Pap"il*lote (?), n. [F., fr. papillon a butterfly.] a small piece of paper on which women roll up their hair to make it curl; a curl paper.

Pap"il*lous (?), a. Papillary; papillose.

Pa*pil"lu*late (?), a. (Zoˆl.) Having a minute papilla in the center of a larger elevation or depression.

Pa"pi*on (?), n. [Prob. from native name: cf. Sp. papion.] (Zoˆl.) A West African baboon (Cynocephalus sphinx), allied to the chacma. Its color is generally chestnut, varying in tint.

Pa"pism (?), n. [F. papisme. See Pape, Pope.] Popery; -- an offensive term. Milton.

Pa"pist (?), n. [F. papiste. See Pape, Pope.] A Roman catholic; one who adheres to the Church of Rome and the authority of the pope; -- an offensive designation applied to Roman Catholics by their opponents.

{ Pa*pis"tic (?), Pa*pis"tic*al (?), } a. [Cf. F. papistique.] Of or pertaining to the Church of Rome and its doctrines and ceremonies; pertaining to popery; popish; -- used disparagingly. "The old papistic worship." T. Warton. -- Pa*pis"tic*al*ly, adv.

Pa"pist*ry (?), n. The doctrine and ceremonies of the Church of Rome; popery. [R.] Whitgift.

Pa"pized (?), a. [From Pape.] Conformed to popery. [Obs.] "Papized writers." Fuller.

Pa*poose" (?), n. A babe or young child of Indian parentage in North America.

Pap"pi*form (?), a. (Bot.) Resembling the pappus of composite plants.

Pap*poose" (?), n. Same as Papoose.

Pappoose root. (Bot.) See Cohosh.

Pap*pose" (?), a. (Bot.) Furnished with a pappus; downy.

Pap"pous (?), a. (Bot.) Pappose.

Pap"pus (?), n. [L., an old man or grandfather; hence, a substance resembling gray hairs, Gr. &?;.] (Bot.) The hairy or feathery appendage of the achenes of thistles, dandelions, and most other plants of the order CompositÊ; also, the scales, awns, or bristles which represent the calyx in other plants of the same order.

Pap"py (?), a. [From Pap soft food.] Like pap; soft; succulent; tender. Ray.

Pap"u*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Papua.

Pap"u*ars (?), n. pl.; sing. Papuan (&?;). (Ethnol.) The native black race of Papua or New Guinea, and the adjacent islands.

||Pap"u*la (?), n.; pl. PapulÊ (#). [L.]

1. (Med.) A pimple; a small, usually conical, elevation of the cuticle, produced by congestion, accumulated secretion, or hypertrophy of tissue; a papule. Quain.

2. (Zoˆl.) One of the numerous small hollow processes of the integument between the plates of starfishes.

Pap"u*lar (?), a. 1. Covered with papules.

2. (Med.) Consisting of papules; characterized by the presence of papules; as, a papular eruption.

Pap"ule (?), n.; pl. Papules (&?;). Same as Papula.

Pap"u*lose` (?), a. (Biol.) Having papulÊ; papillose; as, a papulose leaf.

Pap"u*lous (?), a. [Cf. F. pap&?;leux.] Covered with, or characterized by, papulÊ; papulose.

Pap`y*ra"ceous (?), a. [L. papyraceus made of papyrus.] Made of papyrus; of the consistency of paper; papery.

Pa*pyr"e*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to papyrus, or to paper; papyraceous.

Pap"y*rine (?), n. [Cf. F. papyrin made of paper. See Paper.] Imitation parchment, made by soaking unsized paper in dilute sulphuric acid.

Pa*pyr"o*graph (?), n. [Papyrus + -graph.] An apparatus for multiplying writings, drawings, etc., in which a paper stencil, formed by writing or drawing with corrosive ink, is used. The word is also used of other means of multiplying copies of writings, drawings, etc. See Copygraph, Hectograph, Manifold.

Pap`y*rog"ra*phy (?), n. The process of multiplying copies of writings, etc., by means of the papyrograph. -- Pap`y*ro*graph"ic (#), a.

Pa*py"rus (?), n.; pl. Papyri (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?;. See Paper.] 1. (Bot.) A tall rushlike plant (Cyperus Papyrus) of the Sedge family, formerly growing in Egypt, and now found in Abyssinia, Syria, Sicily, etc. The stem is triangular and about an inch thick.

2. The material upon which the ancient Egyptians wrote. It was formed by cutting the stem of the plant into thin longitudinal slices, which were gummed together and pressed.

3. A manuscript written on papyrus; esp., pl., written scrolls made of papyrus; as, the papyri of Egypt or Herculaneum.

P‚que (?), n. [F. p‚que.] See Pasch and Easter.

Par (?), n. (Zoˆl.) See Parr.

Par, prep. [F., fr. L. per. See Per.] By; with; -- used frequently in Early English in phrases taken from the French, being sometimes written as a part of the word which it governs; as, par amour, or paramour; par cas, or parcase; par fay, or parfay.

Par (?), n. [L. par, adj., equal. See Peer an equal.]

1. Equal value; equality of nominal and actual value; the value expressed on the face or in the words of a certificate of value, as a bond or other commercial paper.

2. Equality of condition or circumstances.

At par, at the original price; neither at a discount nor at a premium. -- Above par, at a premium. -- Below par, at a discount. -- On a par, on a level; in the same condition, circumstances, position, rank, etc.; as, their pretensions are on a par; his ability is on a par with his ambition. -- Par of exchange. See under Exchange. -- Par value, nominal value; face value.

Par"a- (?). [Gr. para` beside; prob. akin to E. for- in forgive. Cf. For-.] 1. A prefix signifying alongside of, beside, beyond, against, amiss; as parable, literally, a placing beside; paradox, that which is contrary to opinion; parachronism.

2. (Chem.) A prefix denoting: (a) Likeness, similarity, or connection, or that the substance resembles, but is distinct from, that to the name of which it is prefixed; as paraldehyde, paraconine, etc.; also, an isomeric modification. (b) Specifically: (Organ. Chem.) That two groups or radicals substituted in the benzene nucleus are opposite, or in the respective positions 1 and 4; 2 and 5; or 3 and 6, as paraxylene; paroxybenzoic acid. Cf. Ortho-, and Meta-. Also used adjectively.

||Pa*ra" (?), n. [Turk., fr. Per. prah a piece.] A piece of Turkish ||money, usually copper, the fortieth part of a piaster, or about one ||ninth of a cent.

Par`a*ban"ic (?), a. [Gr. &?; to pass over.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, a nitrogenous acid which is obtained by the oxidation of uric acid, as a white crystalline substance (C3N2H2O3); -- also called oxalyl urea.

Par"a*blast (?), n. [Cf. Gr. &?; to grow beside. See Para-, and -blast.] (Biol.) A portion of the mesoblast (of peripheral origin) of the developing embryo, the cells of which are especially concerned in forming the first blood and blood vessels. C. S. Minot.

Par`a*blas"tic (?), a. (Biol.) Of or pertaining to the parablast; as, the parablastic cells.

Par"a*ble (?), a. [L. parabilis, fr. parare to provide.] Procurable. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Par"a*ble, n. [F. parabole, L. parabola, fr. Gr. &?; a placing beside or together, a comparing, comparison, a parable, fr. &?; to throw beside, compare; para` beside + &?; to throw; cf. Skr. gal to drop. Cf. Emblem, Gland, Palaver, Parabola, Parley, Parabole, Symbol.] A comparison; a similitude; specifically, a short fictitious narrative of something which might really occur in life or nature, by means of which a moral is drawn; as, the parables of Christ. Chaucer.

Declare unto us the parable of the tares.

Matt. xiii. 36.

Syn. -- See Allegory, and Note under Apologue.

Par"a*ble, v. t. To represent by parable. [R.]

Which by the ancient sages was thus parabled.

Milton.