Chapter V: Book IV: Celtic, Teutonic, and Mediæval Medicine

I. MEDICINE OF THE DRUIDS, TEUTONS, ANGLO-SAXONS, AND
WELSH 269

Origin of the Druid Religion.—Druid Medicine.—Their Magic.—Teutonic
Medicine.—Gods of Healing.—Elves.—The Elements.—Anglo-Saxon
Leechcraft.—The Leech-book.—Monastic Leechdoms.—Superstitions.—Welsh
Medicine.—The Triads.—Welsh
Druidism.—The Laws of the Court Physicians.—Welsh Medical
Maxims.—Welsh Medical and Surgical Practice and Fees.

II. MOHAMMEDAN MEDICINE 287

Sources of Arabian Learning.—Influence of Greek and Hindu
Literature.—The Nestorians.—Baghdad and its Colleges.—The
Moors in Spain.—The Mosque Schools.—Arabian Inventions and
Services to Literature.—The great Arab Physicians.—Serapion,
Rhazes, Ali Abbas, Avicenna, Albucasis, and Averroes.

III. RISE OF THE MONASTERIES 300

Alchemy the Parent of Chemistry.

IV. RISE OF THE UNIVERSITIES 303

School of Montpellier.—Divorce of Medicine from Surgery.

V. THE SCHOOL OF SALERNO 308

The Monks of Monte Cassino.—Clerical Influence at Salerno.
—Charlemagne.—Arabian Medicine gradually supplanted the Græco-Latin
Science.—Constantine the Carthaginian.—Archimatthæus.—Trotula.—Anatomy
of the Pig.—Pharmacopœias.—The Four Masters.—Roger and
Rolando.—The Emperor Frederick.

VI. THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY 319

The Crusades.—Astrology.

VII. THE FOURTEENTH CENTURY 325

Revival of Human Anatomy.—Famous Physicians of the Century.—Domestic
Medicine in Chaucer.—Fellowship of the Barbers
and Surgeons.—The Black Death.—The Dancing Mania.—Pharmacy.

VIII. THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY 333

Faith-healing.—Charms and Astrology in Medicine.—The Revival
of Learning.—The Humanists.—Cabalism and Theology.—The
Study of Natural History.—The Sweating Sickness.—Tarantism.
—Quarantine.—High Position of Oxford University.

IX. MEDICINE IN ANCIENT MEXICO AND PERU 341

Hospitals in Mexico.—Anatomy and Human Sacrifices.—Midwives
as Spiritual Mothers.—Circumcision.—Peru.—Discovery of
Cinchona Bark.