Chapter III: Kirk's Guereza. Colobus Kirki

_Colobus kirkii_, Gray, P. Z. S., 1868, p. 180, pl. xv.; id., Cat.
Monkeys Brit. Mus., p. 127 (1870); Schl., Mus. Pays-Bas, vii., p. 25
(1876); Kirk, Ann. and Mag. N. H. (5), xiii., p. 307 (1884).

_Guereza kirkii_, Trouess., Consp. Mamm., p. 14 (1879).

_Piliocolobus kirki_, Rochebr., Faun. Sénég., Mamm. Suppl., p. 112, pl.
vi. (1887).

CHARACTERS.--Face and ears naked, bluish-black; tip of the nose greyish-white; head, with long divergent hairs, forming a kind of cap, bent backwards over the forehead; crown of head, back, and tail, reddish-brown, paler towards the extremity; the nape, shoulders, arms, outer and anterior aspects of the fore-arms, the centre of the outer aspect of the thighs and legs, and the hands and feet, black; forehead, cheeks, chest, front aspect of the shoulders, the whole of the under side of the body, {90}and the inner side of the limbs, white; anterior aspect of the lower part of the arm, the hind-margin of the fore-arms, and the anterior and posterior aspects of the thighs and legs, greyish-white. (_Gray._) Length of body, 25½ inches; of tail, 31 inches.

DISTRIBUTION.--Island of Zanzibar. This Monkey was first sent to Europe by Sir John Kirk in 1868. Its discoverer, writing in 1884, says that even in 1868 the Monkey was rare, but was still to be found in many of the wooded districts of that island. He writes: "I am not aware that it has been found in Pemba Island or on the mainland; and now I discover that, if not extinct, it has become so rare as not to be procurable, even when I sent the hunters over the island. I have a report that it exists still in one spot, which they could not reach. I believe that two specimens were sent to Germany some time ago; but it looks as if the animal will be lost to science. This is due to the destruction of forest and jungle over the island."

"_Colobus kirkii_," writes Mr. H. H. Johnston, in 1886, "had disappeared from nearly every part of the island of Zanzibar, but a rumour prevailed that it still lingered on a clump of forest as yet unvisited by hunters. Thither Sir John sent his _chasseurs_ to report on the Monkey's existence. After a week's absence they returned, triumph illumining their swarthy lineaments. 'Well, did you find them?' asked the British Consul General. 'Yes,' replied the men with glee, 'and we killed them every one!' wherewith twelve Monkey-corpses were flung upon the floor, and _Colobus kirki_ joined the Dodo, the Auk, the Rhytina and the Moa, in the limbo of species extinguished by the act of man."

PLATE XXXIII.

{91}IV. THE BAY GUEREZA. COLOBUS FERRUGINEUS.

(_Plate XXXIII._)

_Simia ferruginea_, Shaw, Gen. Zool., i., p. 59 (1800); Desm., Mamm., p.
53 (1820); Fischer, Synops. Mamm., p. 13 (1829).

_Colobus ferrugineus_, Illiger, Prodr. Syst. Mamm., p. 69 (1811);
Gervais, H. N. Mamm., i., p. 66 (1854); Gray, P. Z. S., 1868, p. 181;
Schl., Mus. Pays-Bas, vii., p. 27 (1876); Rochebr., Faun. Sénég., Mamm.,
p. 25 (1883-5); Sclater, P. Z. S., 1890, p. 590, pl. xlviii.

_Colobus ferruginosus_, Geoffr., Ann. Mus., xix., p. 92 (1812); Martin,
Mammif. Anim., p. 498 (1841).

_Colobus temminckii_, Kuhl, Beitr., Zool., p. 7 (1820); Desm., Mamm., p.
53 (1820); Ogilby, P. Z. S., 1835, p. 99; Martin, _op. cit._, p. 499
(1841).

_Colobus pennantii_, Waterh., P. Z. S., 1838, p. 57; Martin, op. cit., p.
501; Geoffr., Dict. H. N., iv., p. 209 (1849); Gray, P. Z. S., 1868, p.
181, var. 2.

_Colobus ferruginea_, Less., Spec. Mamm., p. 68 (1840); Gray, Cat.
Monkeys Brit. Mus., p. 18 (1870).

_Colobus fuliginosus_, Ogilby, Cat. Mamm. Z. S., p. 97 (1839); Is.
Geoffr., Cat. Méth. Prim., p. 17 (1851); Temm., Esquiss. Zool., p. 24
(1853); Dahlb., Consp. Mamm. p. 95 (1857).

_Colobus rufo-fuliginosus_, Ogilby, Cat. Mamm. Z. S., p. 270 (1839).

_Colobus rufo-niger_, Ogilby, Cat. Mamm. Z. S., p. 273 (1839); Martin,
_op. cit._, p. 500 (1841); Gray, P. Z. S., 1868, p. 181, var. 1.

_Piliocolobus ferrugineus_, Rochebr., Faun. Sénég., Mamm. Suppl., p. 105,
pl. iii. (1887).

{92}_Piliocolobus bouvieri_, Rochebr., _tom. cit._, p. 108, pl. iv.

_Piliocolobus tholloni_, Rochebr., _tom. cit._, p. 110, pl. v.

CHARACTERS.--Body robust, covered with rather long hairs; face naked, blackish-blue, except the tip of the nose, corners of the mouth and edge of lower lips, which are flesh-colour; ears naked, blackish-blue; nose short and somewhat prominent; frontal hairs erect, directed forward, black; top and back of the head as far as the nape, black; back, sides, outer aspect of the thighs, base and upper surface of the tail, bluish or olive-black, with whitish hairs mingled on the shoulders and thighs; sides of the face from the middle of the cheek backwards to a point behind (enclosing the ears), neck, chin, and throat, the under surface of body, as well as the whole of the limbs (except the outer aspect of the thighs), and the under surface of the tail, rich rufous; tips of the fingers and toes black. Length of body, 29 inches; of tail, 31 inches. The hairs are all uniformly coloured. The thumb is often fairly well developed, and may have a nail.

This species is extremely variable in the coloration of its fur; the back in some varieties is rufous, the cheeks and throat may be sandy-yellow or white, and the under side whitish or white, and the outside of the fore-limbs may be black, or agreeing in colour with the outside of the thighs. The well-developed _foetus_ shows no signs of the varied coloration of later life, but is quite white.

DISTRIBUTION.--West Africa. Not uncommon along the whole West Coast.

HABITS.--Like many of the other species of the genus, this species keeps to the tops of the highest trees of the forest. Its food consists of fruits and leaves.

{93}V. THE BLACK GUEREZA. COLOBUS SATANAS.

_Colobus satanas_, Waterhouse, P. Z. S., 1838, p. 58; Martin, Mammif.
Anim., p. 497 (1841); Gervais, H. N. Mamm., p. 65 (1854); Sclater, P. Z.
S., 1860, p. 246; Reichenb., Naturg. Affen, p. 88 (1862); Is. Geoffr.,
Dict. H. N., iv., p. 208 (1849); Gray, P. Z. S., 1868, p. 181; id., Cat.
Monkeys Brit. Mus., p. 17 (1870); Schleg, Mus. Pays-Bas, vii., p. 27
(1876); Matschie, S.B. Ges. Natur. Fr. Berlin (1892), p. 226.

_Semnopithecus anthracinus_, Leconte, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad. 1857,
p. 10.

_Guereza satanas_, Truess. Consp. Mamm., p. 10 (1879).

_Stachycolobus satanas_, Rochebr. Faun. Sénég. Suppl. Mamm., p. 114, pl.
vii. (1887).

CHARACTERS.--Fur very long, coarse; face naked, black; ears rounded, black; superciliary and frontal hairs very long; hairs of the cheeks long, very coarse, and directed backwards; fur entirely and uniformly black on the body and tail; hairs on tail short; tip not tufted. Length of body, 40 inches; of tail, 59½ inches.

DISTRIBUTION.--West Africa. Forests of Senegambia, Sierra Leone, Gaboon, and the Congo. This is one of the commonest species in West Africa.