Chapter IV: The Moor Macaque. Macacus Maurus

_Macacus maurus_, F. Cuvier, Mamm., pl. xlv. (Avril, 1823); Anderson,
Zool. Exped. Yun-nan, p. 80 (1878, pt.; with full synonymy); Schl., Mus.
Pays-Bas, vii., p. 117 (1876).

_Cynocephalus niger_ (?), Quoy et Gaim., Voy. de l'Astrol., Zool, i., p.
67 (1830).

_Macacus arctoides_, Is. Geoffr., Zool. Bélang. Voy., p. 61 (1834); id.,
Arch. Mus., ii., p. 573.

{12}_Macacus ocreatus_, Ogilby, P. Z. S., 1840, p. 56; Sclater, in Wolf,
Zool. Sketches, ii., pl. i. (1865); id., P. Z. S., 1860, p. 420, pl.
lxxxii.; Anderson, t.c., p. 81 (pt).

_Macacus fusco-ater_, Schinz, Syn. Mamm. i., p. 58 (1844).

_Macacus inornatus_, Gray, P. Z. S., 1866, p. 202, pl. xix.; id., Cat.
Monkeys Brit. Mus., p. 129 (1870).

CHARACTERS.--Face narrow and elongated, nude, except for a few short hairs on the upper lip; nose flat; ears rather long, rounded, thinly haired; hair on one side of the head forming a somewhat large whisker; groin, region external to the callosities, and down the thighs thinly haired; tail very short, nude, curved upwards; frontal band, face, and ears black; callosities and the surrounding parts thinly-haired; region of the buttocks flesh-coloured; hairs on the upper lip black; whisker-tufts black, with greyish tips; rest of the head and body sooty-black; lower side of neck, rump, under surface of body, inside of limbs, fore-arms, legs, and back of thighs grey; tail, black. Length of body, 21 inches; of tail, 1 inch.

YOUNG.--Greyish-black.

In the skull the outer surface of the outer margin of the orbits is flattened; the nasal bones are short and expanded.

This species is distinguished from _M. arctoides_ and _M. fuscatus_, by the colour of the face being black, instead of bright red.

DISTRIBUTION.--This species, whose true home was for a long time unknown, but was assumed to be Borneo, has been certainly ascertained to be confined to the Southern Peninsula of Celebes, and to the neighbouring island of Bouton. Dr. Anderson speaks of a Monkey from the Aru Islands, far to the east of Celebes, "if not identical with _M. maurus_, {13}at least so closely allied to it that I hesitate to separate it." The specimens both from Borneo and from Aru, if truly brought from these islands, must have been carried there in the stream of commerce from Celebes to the eastward in the first instance.