Chapter I: Peristome None

_a._ caps. sessile on a stalked vaginula.

SPHAGNUM (2). Perennial, aquatic; caps. globular, sessile on the turbinate fleshy stalked vaginula; lid flattish, calyptra surrounding the ripe caps., ruptured near the middle; spores as in _Andreæa_. Infl. monoicous or dioicous. 23.

_b._ caps. pedicillate; vaginula sessile.

α. caps. cylindrical; lid with a straight beak; calyptra mitriform.

ENCALYPTA (29) (In part). Caps. erect, regular, oblong or ovate-lanceolate, smooth or striate, lid conical with a longish almost filiform beak; calyptra very large, covering the capsule, fringed at base (peris. when present of 16 teeth, inner of 16 alternating erect cilia). Infl. monoicous or dioicous; barren fl. gemmiform, axillary or terminal. 74.

β. caps. oval, lid with an oblique beak; calyptra dimidiate.

GYMNOSTOMUM (5). Perennial; leaves of close firm texture, with small dense areolæ; barren fl. gemmiform, in monoicous species placed near the base of perichætium. 31.

POTTIA (21). Annual or biennial; l. rather succulent, with lax quadrate or rectangular areolæ, the lower ones enlarged. Infl. monoicous; barren fl. near the fertile, naked, or gemmiform with three leaves. 55.

γ. caps. roundish-pyriform; lid obliquely rostrate.

STYLOSTEGIUM. (12). Perennial; caps. on a very short pedicel; calyptra small, cucullate, scarcely covering the lid; l. channelled, secund. Infl. monoicous; barren fl. gemmiform. 38.

ANODUS (11). Annual or biennial; caps. pedicillate; columella free; l. setaceous, erect. 38.

δ. caps. obovate or clavate; lid plane or conical; l. loosely
reticulated.

* Calyptra mitriform.

SCHISTOSTEGA (70). Caps. small oval, lid convex; calyptra small, _at length dimidiate_; infl. dioicous terminal, barren fl. gemmiform; l. nerveless, vertically distichous, very tender, areolæ large rhomboid. 135.

PHYSCOMITRIUM (59). Annual or biennial. Primary stem terminated by a discoid barren fl. from below which rises a branch bearing a terminal fertile fl.; caps. clavate, lid convex; calyptra large inflated; l. spreading every way, nerved; areolæ large oblong, acute. 127.

* * Calyptra dimidiate.

ŒDIPODIUM (69). Caps. with a long tapering apophysis, gradually passing into the fruit-stalk; lid plano-convex; infl. monoicous or synoicous; l. succulent broad, obtuse; areolæ roundish hexagonal, larger at base. 135.

ε. caps. globose; lid almost plane.

* Calyptra conico-mitriform, small; l. nerveless.

HEDWIGIA (30). Caps. immersed, sub-sessile; infl. monoicous, barren fl. axillary gemmiform; areolæ small quadrate, longer and flexuose below. 76.

HEDWIGIDIUM (31). Caps. exserted on a short pedicel; barren fl. terminal; stem stoloniferous; l. plicate longitudinally, areolæ longer. 77.

* * Calyptra dimidiate; l. nerved.

BARTRAMIDULA (60). Caps. on a curved pedicel, smooth, cernuous; infl. synoicous; lid small sub-conical; calyptra small cucullate; areolæ lax, oblong-hexagonal. 128.