Chapter V: Part I: Build, Its Definition and Its Ontogeny (2)

+------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Age, | feet | feet | feet | feet | feet | feet |
|years.| 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 |
| |inches.|inches.|inches.|inches.|inches.|inches.|
+------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| 15 | 126 | 130 | 134 | 138 | 142 | 147 |
| 16 | 128 | 132 | 136 | 140 | 144 | 149 |
| 17 | 130 | 134 | 138 | 142 | 146 | 151 |
| 18 | 132 | 136 | 140 | 144 | 148 | 153 |
| 19 | 134 | 138 | 142 | 146 | 150 | 155 |
| | | | | | | |
| 20 | 136 | 140 | 144 | 148 | 152 | 156 |
| 21 | 138 | 141 | 145 | 149 | 153 | 157 |
| 22 | 139 | 142 | 146 | 150 | 154 | 158 |
| 23 | 140 | 143 | 147 | 151 | 155 | 159 |
| 24 | 141 | 144 | 148 | 152 | 156 | 160 |
| | | | | | | |
| 25 | 141 | 145 | 149 | 153 | 157 | 162 |
| 26 | 142 | 146 | 150 | 154 | 158 | 163 |
| 27 | 142 | 146 | 150 | 154 | 158 | 163 |
| 28 | 143 | 147 | 151 | 155 | 159 | 164 |
| 29 | 144 | 148 | 152 | 156 | 160 | 165 |
| | | | | | | |
| 30 | 144 | 148 | 152 | 156 | 161 | 166 |
| 31 | 145 | 149 | 153 | 157 | 162 | 167 |
| 32 | 145 | 149 | 154 | 158 | 163 | 168 |
| 33 | 145 | 149 | 154 | 159 | 164 | 169 |
| 34 | 146 | 150 | 155 | 160 | 165 | 170 |
| | | | | | | |
| 35 | 146 | 150 | 155 | 160 | 165 | 170 |
| 36 | 147 | 151 | 156 | 161 | 166 | 171 |
| 37 | 148 | 152 | 157 | 162 | 167 | 172 |
| 38 | 148 | 152 | 157 | 162 | 167 | 173 |
| 39 | 148 | 152 | 157 | 162 | 167 | 173 |
| | | | | | | |
| 40 | 149 | 153 | 158 | 163 | 168 | 174 |
| 41 | 149 | 153 | 158 | 163 | 168 | 174 |
| 42 | 150 | 154 | 159 | 164 | 169 | 175 |
| 43 | 150 | 154 | 159 | 164 | 169 | 175 |
| 44 | 151 | 155 | 160 | 165 | 170 | 176 |
| | | | | | | |
| 45 | 151 | 155 | 160 | 165 | 170 | 176 |
| 46 | 152 | 156 | 161 | 166 | 171 | 177 |
| 47 | 152 | 156 | 161 | 166 | 171 | 177 |
| 48 | 152 | 156 | 161 | 166 | 171 | 177 |
| 49 | 152 | 156 | 161 | 166 | 171 | 177 |
| | | | | | | |
| 50 | 152 | 156 | 161 | 166 | 171 | 177 |
| 51 | 153 | 157 | 162 | 167 | 172 | 178 |
| 52 | 153 | 157 | 162 | 167 | 172 | 178 |
| 53 | 153 | 157 | 162 | 167 | 172 | 178 |
| 54 | 153 | 158 | 163 | 168 | 173 | 178 |
| 55 | | | | | | |
|and up| 153 | 158 | 163 | 168 | 173 | 178 |
+------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+

+------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| Age, | feet. | feet | feet | feet | feet | feet |
|years.| | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| | | inch. |inches.|inches.|inches.|inches.|
+------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| 15 | 152 | 157 | 162 | 167 | 172 | 177 |
| 16 | 154 | 159 | 164 | 169 | 174 | 179 |
| 17 | 156 | 161 | 166 | 171 | 176 | 181 |
| 18 | 158 | 163 | 168 | 173 | 178 | 183 |
| 19 | 160 | 165 | 170 | 175 | 180 | 185 |
| | | | | | | |
| 20 | 161 | 166 | 171 | 176 | 181 | 186 |
| 21 | 162 | 167 | 172 | 177 | 182 | 187 |
| 22 | 163 | 168 | 173 | 178 | 183 | 188 |
| 23 | 164 | 169 | 175 | 180 | 185 | 190 |
| 24 | 165 | 171 | 177 | 182 | 187 | 192 |
| | | | | | | |
| 25 | 167 | 173 | 179 | 184 | 189 | 194 |
| 26 | 168 | 174 | 180 | 186 | 191 | 196 |
| 27 | 169 | 175 | 181 | 187 | 192 | 197 |
| 28 | 170 | 176 | 182 | 188 | 193 | 198 |
| 29 | 171 | 177 | 183 | 189 | 194 | 199 |
| | | | | | | |
| 30 | 172 | 178 | 184 | 190 | 196 | 201 |
| 31 | 173 | 179 | 185 | 191 | 197 | 202 |
| 32 | 174 | 180 | 185 | 192 | 198 | 203 |
| 33 | 175 | 181 | 187 | 193 | 199 | 204 |
| 34 | 176 | 182 | 188 | 194 | 200 | 206 |
| | | | | | | |
| 35 | 176 | 182 | 189 | 195 | 201 | 207 |
| 36 | 177 | 183 | 190 | 196 | 202 | 208 |
| 37 | 178 | 184 | 191 | 197 | 203 | 209 |
| 38 | 179 | 185 | 192 | 198 | 204 | 210 |
| 39 | 179 | 185 | 192 | 199 | 205 | 211 |
| | | | | | | |
| 40 | 180 | 186 | 193 | 200 | 206 | 212 |
| 41 | 180 | 186 | 193 | 200 | 207 | 213 |
| 42 | 181 | 187 | 194 | 201 | 208 | 214 |
| 43 | 181 | 187 | 194 | 201 | 208 | 214 |
| 44 | 182 | 188 | 195 | 202 | 209 | 215 |
| | | | | | | |
| 45 | 182 | 188 | 195 | 202 | 209 | 215 |
| 46 | 183 | 189 | 196 | 203 | 210 | 216 |
| 47 | 183 | 190 | 197 | 204 | 211 | 217 |
| 48 | 183 | 190 | 197 | 204 | 211 | 217 |
| 49 | 183 | 190 | 197 | 204 | 211 | 217 |
| | | | | | | |
| 50 | 183 | 190 | 197 | 204 | 211 | 217 |
| 51 | 184 | 191 | 198 | 205 | 212 | 218 |
| 52 | 184 | 191 | 198 | 205 | 212 | 218 |
| 53 | 184 | 191 | 198 | 205 | 212 | 218 |
| 54 | 184 | 191 | 198 | 205 | 212 | 219 |
| 55 | | | | | | |
|and up| 184 | 191 | 198 | 205 | 212 | 219 |
+------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+

TABLE 7.—-_Graded average weight of women of different statures at various ages._

[Copied from Table IX of “Medico-actuarial mortality investigations.”]

+------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 |
| Age, | feet | feet | feet | feet | feet. | feet |
|years.| 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | | 1 |
| |inches.|inches.|inches.|inches.| | inch. |
+------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| 15 | 101 | 103 | 105 | 106 | 107 | 109 |
| 16 | 102 | 104 | 106 | 117 | 120 | 124 |
| 17 | 103 | 105 | 107 | 109 | 111 | 113 |
| 18 | 104 | 106 | 108 | 110 | 112 | 114 |
| 19 | 105 | 107 | 109 | 111 | 113 | 115 |
| | | | | | | |
| 20 | 106 | 108 | 110 | 112 | 114 | 116 |
| 21 | 107 | 109 | 111 | 113 | 115 | 117 |
| 22 | 107 | 109 | 111 | 113 | 115 | 117 |
| 23 | 108 | 110 | 112 | 114 | 116 | 118 |
| 24 | 109 | 111 | 113 | 115 | 117 | 119 |
| | | | | | | |
| 25 | 109 | 111 | 113 | 115 | 117 | 119 |
| 26 | 110 | 112 | 114 | 116 | 118 | 120 |
| 27 | 110 | 112 | 114 | 116 | 118 | 120 |
| 28 | 111 | 113 | 115 | 117 | 119 | 121 |
| 29 | 111 | 113 | 115 | 117 | 119 | 121 |
| | | | | | | |
| 30 | 112 | 114 | 116 | 118 | 120 | 122 |
| 31 | 113 | 115 | 117 | 119 | 121 | 123 |
| 32 | 113 | 115 | 117 | 119 | 121 | 123 |
| 33 | 114 | 116 | 118 | 120 | 122 | 124 |
| 34 | 115 | 117 | 119 | 121 | 123 | 125 |
| | | | | | | |
| 35 | 115 | 117 | 119 | 121 | 123 | 125 |
| 36 | 116 | 118 | 120 | 122 | 124 | 126 |
| 37 | 116 | 118 | 120 | 122 | 124 | 126 |
| 38 | 117 | 119 | 121 | 123 | 125 | 127 |
| 39 | 118 | 120 | 122 | 124 | 126 | 128 |
| | | | | | | |
| 40 | 119 | 121 | 123 | 125 | 127 | 129 |
| 41 | 120 | 122 | 124 | 126 | 128 | 130 |
| 42 | 120 | 122 | 124 | 126 | 128 | 130 |
| 43 | 121 | 123 | 125 | 127 | 129 | 131 |
| 44 | 122 | 124 | 126 | 128 | 130 | 132 |
| | | | | | | |
| 45 | 122 | 124 | 126 | 128 | 130 | 132 |
| 46 | 123 | 125 | 127 | 129 | 131 | 133 |
| 47 | 123 | 125 | 127 | 129 | 131 | 133 |
| 48 | 124 | 126 | 128 | 130 | 132 | 134 |
| 49 | 124 | 126 | 128 | 130 | 132 | 134 |
| | | | | | | |
| 50 | 125 | 127 | 129 | 131 | 133 | 135 |
| 51 | 125 | 127 | 129 | 131 | 133 | 135 |
| 52 | 125 | 127 | 129 | 131 | 133 | 135 |
| 53 | 125 | 127 | 129 | 131 | 133 | 135 |
| 54 | 125 | 127 | 129 | 131 | 133 | 135 |
| 55 | 125 | 127 | 129 | 131 | 133 | 135 |
+------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+

+------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Age, | feet | feet | feet | feet | feet | feet |
|years.| 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| |inches.|inches.|inches.|inches.|inches.|inches.|
+------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| 15 | 112 | 115 | 118 | 122 | 126 | 130 |
| 16 | 128 | 132 | 136 | 140 | 144 | 149 |
| 17 | 116 | 119 | 122 | 125 | 129 | 133 |
| 18 | 117 | 120 | 123 | 126 | 130 | 134 |
| 19 | 118 | 121 | 124 | 127 | 131 | 135 |
| | | | | | | |
| 20 | 119 | 122 | 125 | 128 | 132 | 136 |
| 21 | 120 | 123 | 126 | 129 | 133 | 137 |
| 22 | 120 | 123 | 126 | 129 | 133 | 137 |
| 23 | 121 | 124 | 127 | 130 | 134 | 138 |
| 24 | 121 | 124 | 127 | 130 | 134 | 138 |
| | | | | | | |
| 25 | 121 | 124 | 128 | 131 | 135 | 139 |
| 26 | 122 | 125 | 128 | 131 | 135 | 139 |
| 27 | 122 | 125 | 129 | 132 | 136 | 140 |
| 28 | 123 | 126 | 130 | 133 | 137 | 141 |
| 29 | 123 | 126 | 130 | 133 | 137 | 141 |
| | | | | | | |
| 30 | 124 | 127 | 131 | 134 | 138 | 142 |
| 31 | 125 | 128 | 132 | 135 | 139 | 143 |
| 32 | 125 | 128 | 132 | 136 | 140 | 144 |
| 33 | 126 | 129 | 133 | 137 | 141 | 145 |
| 34 | 127 | 130 | 134 | 138 | 142 | 146 |
| | | | | | | |
| 35 | 127 | 130 | 134 | 138 | 142 | 146 |
| 36 | 128 | 131 | 135 | 139 | 143 | 147 |
| 37 | 129 | 132 | 136 | 140 | 144 | 148 |
| 38 | 130 | 133 | 137 | 141 | 145 | 149 |
| 39 | 131 | 134 | 138 | 142 | 146 | 150 |
| | | | | | | |
| 40 | 132 | 135 | 138 | 142 | 146 | 150 |
| 41 | 133 | 136 | 139 | 143 | 147 | 151 |
| 42 | 133 | 136 | 139 | 143 | 147 | 151 |
| 43 | 134 | 137 | 140 | 144 | 148 | 152 |
| 44 | 133 | 138 | 141 | 145 | 149 | 153 |
| | | | | | | |
| 45 | 135 | 138 | 141 | 145 | 149 | 153 |
| 46 | 136 | 139 | 142 | 146 | 150 | 154 |
| 47 | 136 | 139 | 142 | 146 | 151 | 155 |
| 48 | 137 | 140 | 143 | 147 | 152 | 156 |
| 49 | 137 | 140 | 143 | 147 | 152 | 156 |
| | | | | | | |
| 50 | 138 | 141 | 149 | 148 | 152 | 156 |
| 51 | 138 | 141 | 144 | 148 | 152 | 157 |
| 52 | 138 | 141 | 144 | 148 | 152 | 157 |
| 53 | 138 | 141 | 144 | 148 | 152 | 157 |
| 54 | 138 | 141 | 144 | 148 | 153 | 158 |
| 55 | 138 | 141 | 144 | 148 | 153 | 158 |
+------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+

+------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 6 |
| Age, | feet | feet | feet | feet | feet. |
|years.| 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | |
| |inches.|inches.|inches.|inches.| |
+------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| 15 | 134 | 138 | 142 | 147 | 152 |
| 16 | 154 | 159 | 164 | 174 | 179 |
| 17 | 137 | 140 | 144 | 149 | 154 |
| 18 | 138 | 142 | 145 | 150 | 155 |
| 19 | 139 | 142 | 146 | 151 | 155 |
| | | | | | |
| 20 | 140 | 143 | 147 | 151 | 156 |
| 21 | 141 | 144 | 148 | 152 | 156 |
| 22 | 141 | 145 | 149 | 153 | 157 |
| 23 | 142 | 146 | 150 | 153 | 157 |
| 24 | 142 | 146 | 150 | 154 | 158 |
| | | | | | |
| 25 | 143 | 147 | 151 | 154 | 158 |
| 26 | 143 | 147 | 151 | 155 | 159 |
| 27 | 144 | 148 | 152 | 155 | 159 |
| 28 | 145 | 149 | 153 | 156 | 160 |
| 29 | 145 | 149 | 153 | 156 | 160 |
| | | | | | |
| 30 | 146 | 150 | 154 | 157 | 161 |
| 31 | 147 | 151 | 154 | 157 | 161 |
| 32 | 148 | 152 | 155 | 158 | 162 |
| 33 | 149 | 153 | 156 | 159 | 162 |
| 34 | 150 | 154 | 157 | 160 | 163 |
| | | | | | |
| 35 | 150 | 154 | 157 | 160 | 163 |
| 36 | 151 | 155 | 158 | 161 | 164 |
| 37 | 152 | 156 | 159 | 162 | 165 |
| 38 | 153 | 157 | 160 | 163 | 166 |
| 39 | 154 | 158 | 161 | 164 | 167 |
| | | | | | |
| 40 | 154 | 158 | 161 | 164 | 167 |
| 41 | 155 | 159 | 162 | 165 | 168 |
| 42 | 155 | 159 | 162 | 166 | 169 |
| 43 | 156 | 160 | 163 | 167 | 170 |
| 44 | 157 | 161 | 164 | 168 | 171 |
| | | | | | |
| 45 | 157 | 161 | 164 | 168 | 171 |
| 46 | 158 | 162 | 165 | 169 | 172 |
| 47 | 159 | 163 | 166 | 170 | 173 |
| 48 | 160 | 164 | 187 | 171 | 174 |
| 49 | 161 | 165 | 168 | 172 | 175 |
| | | | | | |
| 50 | 161 | 165 | 169 | 173 | 176 |
| 51 | 162 | 166 | 170 | 174 | 177 |
| 52 | 162 | 166 | 170 | 174 | 177 |
| 53 | 162 | 166 | 170 | 174 | 177 |
| 54 | 163 | 167 | 171 | 174 | 177 |
| 55 | 163 | 167 | 171 | 174 | 177 |
+------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+

RELATION OF JUVENILE TO ADULT BUILD.

This adjustment was not always necessary, first, because in not a few cases the children were of an adult age and the data for the build of the parents, now dead, were given for the same age; second, examination of such developmental curves as are shown in figure 6 strongly indicates that when the parents are of slender build, and the children are of slender build at the age of 25 years younger than the parents, the increase in weight of the children will not usually follow the actuarial tables. The actuarial tables, indeed, represent only the average increase, and this average is made of a population that does not increase its weight at all when it grows older (fig. 6) and a population that increases its weight at a much faster rate than indicated in the actuarial tables (fig. 3). Consequently, no adjustment is made to the given weights of the children whose parents are slender. In the case where one parent was slender and one fat, the adjustment is still made in the build of all the children. This procedure, undoubtedly, introduces an error which, so far as I see, can not be avoided. Baldwin (1921, p. 74) states that “as a general rule heavy children remain relatively heavy during the period studied”; and his developmental curves of individual children show that the same persistence of the juvenile build is commonly true for children of slight weight. It is striking how often the children of heavy parents will be heavy even in youth, and conversely, children of exceptionally great weight are apt to retain, and add to, their build.

Chambers (1850, pp. 139-143) cites the following cases of early familial obesity: A boy of 3 years weighs 39.5 kg. (87 pounds); his 6 sisters and brothers are obese. A girl of 5 years 5 months weighs 89 kg. (196 pounds); obesity on both sides of the house. A boy of 16 weighs 114 kg. (252 pounds); there is collateral heredity.

A striking case of early obesity persisting to maturity is that of Miss Allen (plate 8).

On the other hand, it is often strikingly true that in families with a tendency to fleshy build some of the children will remain slender until 20 or 25 years and then begin to grow fat. The metabolic changes that induce fatness first appear in later life.