Chapter X: Part 10

It is vain to criticize the manœuvre of Trunnion, tacking his way
to church on his wedding day, in consequence of a head wind.--_Encyc.
Brit._, Art. “Romance.”

⁂ Dickens has imitated this in Wemmick’s house, which had flag and
drawbridge, fortress and gun in miniature; but the conceit is more
suited to “a naval veteran” than a lawyer’s clerk. (See WEMMICK.)

=Truscott= (_Jack_), officer in U. S. Army, and, according
to his wife, “gallant, noble, gentle, tender, true,
faithful--and--um--_sweet_!” Truscott’s character, said to be drawn
from life, is one of the finest in Captain Charles King’s series of
military novels. Truscott leads the rescuing party to the cottonwood
copse where a handful of U. S. soldiers are penned in by Indians.

“More shots and yells, a trumpet-blare, and then--then, ringing like
clarion over the turmoil of the fight, echoing far across the still
valley, the sound of a glorious voice shouting the well-known words of
command,--Left--front--into line--_gallop_.” And Dana can hold in no
longer. Almost sobbing, he cries aloud--

“Jack Truscott, by all that is glorious! I’d know the voice among a
million!” Who in the ----th would not? Who in the old regiment had not
leaped at its summons, time and again?--Charles King, _Marion’s Faith_
(1886).

=Trusty= (_Mrs._), landlady of the Queen’s Arms, Romford. Motherly,
most kind-hearted, a capital caterer, whose ale was noted. Bess, “the
beggar’s daughter,” took refuge with her, and was most kindly treated.
Mrs. Trusty wished her son, Ralph, to take Bess to wife, but Bess had
given her heart to Wilford, the son of Lord Woodville, her cousin.--S.
Knowles, _The Beggar of Bethnal Green_ (1834).

=Tryamour= (_Sir_), the hero of an old metrical novel, and the model
of all knightly virtues.

=Try´anon=, daughter of the fairy king who lived on the island of
Ole´ron. “She was as white as a lily in May, or snow that snoweth on a
winter’s day,” and her “haire shone as goldê wire.” This paragon of
beauty married Sir Launfal, King Arthur’s steward, whom she carried
off to “Oliroun, her jolif isle.”--Thomas Chestre, _Sir Launfal_
(fifteenth century).

=Trygon=, a poisonous fish. Ulysses was accidentally killed by his son
Telegŏnos with an arrow pointed with trygon-bone.

The lord of Ithăca,
Struck by the poisonous trygon’s bone expired.
West, _Triumphs of the Gout_ (“Lucian” 1750).

=Tryphon=, the sea-god’s physician.

They send in haste for Tryphon, to apply
Salves to his wounds, and medicines of might;
For Tryphon of sea-god’s the sovereign leech is hight.
Spenser, _Faëry Queen_, iii. 4 (1590).

=Tubal=, a wealthy Jew, the friend of Shylock.--Shakespeare, _The
Merchant of Venice_ (a drama, 1598).

=Tuck=, a long, narrow sword (Gaelic _tuca_, Welsh _twca_, Italian
_stocco_, French _estoc_). In _Hamlet_ the word “tuck” is erroneously
printed _stuck_ in Malone’s edition.

If he by chance escape your venomed tuck,
Our purpose may hold there.
Shakespeare, _Hamlet_, act iv. sc. 7.

_Tuck_, (_Friar_), the “curtal friar of Fountain’s Abbey,” was the
father confessor of Robin Hood. He is represented as a sleek-headed,
pudgy, paunchy, pugnacious clerical Falstaff, very fat and
self-indulgent, very humorous, and somewhat coarse. His dress was a
russet habit of the Franciscan order, a red corded girdle with gold
tassel, red stockings, and a wallet.

Sir Walter Scott, in his _Ivanhoe_, calls him the holy clerk of
Copmanhurst, and describes him as a “large, strong-built man in a
sackcloth gown and hood, girt with a rope of rushes.” He had a round,
bullet head, and his close-shaven crown was edged with thick, stiff,
curly black hair. His countenance was bluff and jovial, eyebrows black
and bushy, forehead well-turned, cheeks round and ruddy, beard long,
curly and black, form brawny (ch. xv.).

In the May-day morris-dance the friar is introduced in full clerical
tonsure, with the chaplet of white and red beads in his right hand, a
corded girdle about his waist, and a russet robe of the Franciscan
order. His stockings red, his girdle red, ornamented with gold twist
and a golden tassel. At his girdle hung a wallet for the reception of
provisions, for “Walleteers” had no other food but what they received
from begging. Friar Tuck was chaplain to Robin Hood, the May-king.
(See MORRIS-DANCE.)

In this our spacious isle, I think there is not one
But he hath heard some talk of Hood and Little John;
Of Tuck, the merry friar, which many a sermon made,
In praise of Robin Hood, his outlaws and their trade.
Drayton, _Polyolbion_, xxvi. (1622).

=Tud= (_Morgan_), chief physician of King Arthur.--_The Mabinogion_
(“Geraint,” twelfth century).

=Tug= (_Tom_), the waterman, a straightforward, honest young man, who
loved Wilhelmi´na, the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Bundle, and, when he
won the waterman’s badge in rowing, he won the consent of “the
gardener’s daughter” to become his loving and faithful wife.--C.
Dibdin, _The Waterman_ (1774).

=Tukely=, the lover of Sophia. As Sophia has a partiality for the Hon.
Mr. Daffodil, “the male coquette,” Tukely dresses in woman’s clothes,
makes an appointment with Daffodil, and gets him to slander Sophia and
other ladies, concealed among the trees. They thus hear his slanders,
and, presenting themselves before him, laugh him to scorn.--Garrick,
_The Male Coquette_ (1758).

=Tulk´inghorn= (_Mr._), attorney-at-law and legal adviser of the
Dedlocks. Very silent and perfectly self-contained, but, knowing Lady
Dedlock’s secret, he is like the sword of Dam´oclês over her head, and
she lives in ceaseless dread of him.--C. Dickens, _Bleak House_
(1852).

=Tullia=, wicked daughter of Servius Tullius, king of Rome. She
conspired with her paramour to compass her father’s death, and drove
over his dead body on her way to greet her accomplice as king.

=Tulliver= (_Mr._), honest, irascible miller, whose love for “the
little wench,” his daughter, is the gentlest feeling of his nature.
His pride is hurt by financial disaster; he becomes a hireling of the
man he hates; his fortunes are redeemed by his son, but he dies soon
afterward.

_Tulliver_ (_Mrs._), a weak, garrulous woman, vain of her “Dodson
blood.”

_Tulliver_ (_Maggie_), fine, upright, imaginative, affectionate girl,
understood by few, and passionately loved by two men. She resists her
love for her cousin’s almost betrothed, and suffers the loss of
reputation patiently. Tom Tulliver, her brother, is the sternest of
her censors. The two are drowned together in a river-flood.--George
Eliot, _The Mill on the Floss_.

=Tully=, Marcus Tullius Cicero, the great Roman orator (B.C. 106-43).
He was proscribed by Antony, one of the triumvirate, and his head and
hands, being cut off, were nailed, by the orders of Antony, to the
Rostra of Rome.

Ye fond adorers of departed fame,
Who warm at Scipio’s worth or Tully’s name.
Campbell, _Pleasures of Hope_, i. (1799).

The Judas who betrayed Tully to the sicarii was a cobbler. The man who
murdered him was named Herennius.

=Tungay=, the one-legged man at Salem House.

He generally acted, with his strong voice, as Mr. Creakle’s
interpreter to the boys.--C. Dickens, _David Copperfield_, ii. (1849).

=Tunstall= (_Frank_), one of the apprentices of David Ramsay, the
watchmaker.--Sir W. Scott, _The Fortunes of Nigel_ (time, James I.).

=Tupman= (_Tracy_), M.P.C., a sleek, fat young man, of very amorous
disposition. He falls in love with every pretty girl he sees, and is,
consequently, always getting into trouble.--C. Dickens, _The Pickwick
Papers_ (1836).

=Turbulent School of Fiction= (_The_), a school of German romance
writers, who returned to the feudal ages, and wrote between 1780 and
1800, in the style of Mrs. Radcliffe. The best known are Cramer,
Spiers, Schlenkert, and Veit Weber.

=Turcaret=, a comedy by Lesage (1708), in which the farmers-general of
France are gibbeted unmercifully. He is a coarse, illiterate man, who
has grown rich by his trade. Any one who has risen from nothing to
great wealth, and has no merit beyond money-making, is called a
Turcaret.

=Turcos=, native Algerian infantry, officered by Frenchmen. The
cavalry are called _Spahis_.

=Turell= (_Jane_), a fair Puritan, whose early precocity and mature
accomplishments are related by her husband. Before she was four years
old she “could say the Assembly’s Catechism, many of the Psalms, some
hundred lines of the best poetry, read distinctly, and make pertinent
remarks on many things she read.” In later years she fulfilled the
promise thus given of intellectual acquirements, while “her innocence,
modesty, ingenuity and devotion charmed all into admiration of
her.”--Ebenezer Turell, _Memoirs of the Pious and Ingenious Mrs. Jane
Turell_ (1735).

=Turk Gregory=, Gregory VII. (Hildebrand); so called for his furious
raid upon royal prerogatives, especially his contest with the emperor
[of Germany] on the subject of investiture. In 1075, he summoned the
emperor Henry IV. to Rome; the emperor refused to obey the summons,
the pope excommunicated him, and absolved all his subjects from their
allegiance; he next declared Henry dethroned, and elected a new
kaiser, but Henry, finding resistance in vain, begged to be reconciled
to the pope. He was now commanded, in the midst of a severe winter, to
present himself, with Bertha, his wife, and their infant son, at the
castle of Canossa, in Lombardy; and here they had to stand three days
in the piercing cold, before the pope would condescend to see him, but
at last the proud prelate removed the excommunication, and Henry was
restored to his throne.

=Turkish Spy= (_The_). A once popular romance relating the adventures
of Mahmut, a Turk who lived forty-five years undiscovered in Paris,
unfolding the intrigues of the Christian courts, between 1637 and
1682. The author of this romance is Giovanni Paolo Mara´na, and he
makes it the medium of an historical novel of the period (1684).

=Turkomans=, a corruption of _Turk-imâms_ (“Turks of the true faith”).
The first chief of the Turks who embraced Islam, called his people so
to distinguish them from the Turks who had not embraced that faith.

=Turnbull= (_Michael_), the Douglas’s dark huntsman.--Sir W. Scott,
_Castle Dangerous_ (time, Henry I.).

_Turnbull_ (_Mr. Thomas_), also called “Tom Turnpenny,” a canting
smuggler and school-master.--Sir W. Scott, _Redgauntlet_ (time, George
III.).

=Turnip-Hoer=, George I. So called because, when he first came over to
England, he proposed planting St. James’s Park with turnips (1660,
1714-1727).

=Turnpenny= (_Mr._), banker at Marchthorn.--Sir W. Scott, _St. Ronan’s
Well_ (time, George III.).

_Turnpenny_ (_Tom_), also called “Thomas Turnbull,” a canting smuggler
and school-master.--Sir W. Scott, _Redgauntlet_ (time, George III.).

=Turntippit= (_Old lord_), one of the privy council in the reign of
William III.--Sir W. Scott, _Bride of Lammermoor_ (1819).

=Turon=, the son of Brute’s sister, slew 600 Aquitanians with his own
hand in one single fight.

Where Turon, ... Brute’s sister’s valiant son ...
Six hundred slew outright thro’ his peculiar strength;
By multitudes of men, yet overpressed at length.
His noble uncle there, to his immortal name
The city Turon [_Tours_] built, and well endowed the same.
Drayton, _Polyolbion_, i. (1612).

=Turpin=, a churlish knight, who refuses hospitality to Sir Calepine
and Serēna, although solicited to do so by his wife, Blanĭda (bk. vi.
3). Serena told Prince Arthur of this discourtesy, and the prince,
after chastising Turpin, unknighted him, and prohibited him from
bearing arms ever after (bk. vi. 7). The disgraced churl now vowed
revenge; so off he starts, and seeing two knights, complains to them
of the wrongs done to himself and his dame by “a recreant knight,”
whom he points out to them. The two champions instantly challenge the
prince “as a foul woman-wronger,” and defy him to combat. One of the
two champions is soon slain and the other overthrown, but is spared on
craving his life. The survivor now returns to Turpin, to relate his
misadventure, and when they reach the dead body see Arthur asleep.
Turpin proposes to kill him, but Arthur starts up and hangs the rascal
on a tree (bk. vi. 7).--Spenser, _Faëry Queen_ (1596).

_Turpin_, “archbishop of Rheims,” the hypothetical author of a
_Chronicle_, purporting to be a history of Charlemagne’s Spanish
adventures in 777, by a contemporary. This fiction was declared
authentic and genuine by Pope Calixtus II. in 1122, but it is now
generally attributed to a canon of Barcelona in the eleventh century.

The tale says that Charlemagne went to Spain in 777 to defend one of
his allies from the aggressions of a neighboring prince. Having
conquered Navarre and Aragon he returned to France. He then crossed
the Pyrenees, and invested Pampeluna for three months, but without
success. He tried the effect of prayer, and the walls, like those of
Jericho, fell down of their own accord. Those Saracens who consented
to be baptized he spared, but the rest were put to the sword. Being
master of Pampeluna, the hero visited the sarcophagus of James; and
Turpin, who accompanied him, baptized most of the neighborhood.
Charlemagne then led back his army over the Pyrenees, the rear being
under the command of Roland. The main army reached France in safety,
but 50,000 Saracens fell on the rear, and none escaped.

_Turpin_ (_Dick_), a noted highwayman, executed at York (1739).

Ainsworth has introduced into _Rookwood_ Turpin’s famous ride to York
on his steed, Black Bess. It is said that Maginn really wrote this
powerful description (1834).

_Turpin_ (_The French Dick_) is Cartouche, an eighteenth century
highwayman. W. H. Ainsworth made him the hero of a romance (1841).

=Tur´quine= (_Sir_) had sixty-four of King Arthur’s knights in prison,
all of whom he had vanquished by his own hand. He hated Sir Launcelot,
because he had slain his brother, Sir Car´ados, at the Dolorous Tower.
Sir Launcelot challenged Sir Turquine to a trial of strength, and slew
him, after which he liberated the captive knights.--Sir T. Malory,
_History of Prince Arthur_, i. 108-110 (1470).

=Turquoise= (2 _syl._), a blue material found in Persia, the exact
nature of which is not known. Sundry virtues are attached to it: (1)
It indicates by its hue the state of the wearer’s health; (2) it
indicates by its change of lustre if any peril awaits the wearer; (3)
it removes animosity between the giver and the receiver; (4) it is a
potent love-charm, and hence Leah gave a turquoise ring to Shylock
“when he was a bachelor,” in order to make him propose to her.

=Tur´veydrop= (_Mr._), a selfish, self-indulgent, conceited
dancing-master, who imposes on the world by his majestic appearance
and elaborate toilette. He lives on the earnings of his son (named
Prince, after the prince regent), who reveres him as a perfect model
of “deportment.”--C. Dickens, _Bleak House_ (1852).

=Tuscan Poet= (_The_), Ludovico Ariosto, born at Reggio, in Modena
(1474-1533). Noted for his poem entitled _Orlando Furioso_.

The Tuscan poet doth advance
The frantic paladin of France.
Drayton, _Nymphidia_ (1563-1631).

=Tutivillus=, the demon who collects all the fragments of words
omitted, mutilated, or mispronounced by priests in the performance of
religious services, and stores them up in that “bottomless” pit which
is “paved with good intentions.”--Langland, _Visions of Piers
Plowman_, 547 (1362); and the _Townley Mysteries_, 310, 319, etc.

=Twangdillo=, the fiddler, in Somerville’s _Hobbinol_, a burlesque
poem in three cantos. Twangdillo had lost one leg and one eye by a
stroke of lightning on the banks of the Ister, but was still
merry-hearted.

He tickles every string to every note;
He bends his pliant neck, his single eye
Twinkles with joy, his active stump beats time.
_Hobbinol_, or _The Rural Games_, i. (1740).

=Tweedledum and Tweedledee.= In the time of George III. the musical
world was divided between the parties holding by the German Händel and
the Italian Bononcini. The prince of Wales supported Händel, the duke
of Marlborough stood for Bononcini.

Some say, compared to Bononcini,
That mynherr Handel’s but a ninny;
Others aver that he to Handel
Is scarcely fit to hold a candle;
Strange all this difference should be
’Twixt Tweedledum and Tweedledee.
J. Byrom (1691-1763).

=Twelfth Night=, a drama by Shakespeare. The story came originally
from a novellette by Bandello (who died 1555), reproduced by
Belleforest in his _Histoires Tragiques_, from which Shakespeare
obtained his story. The tale is this: Viola and Sebastian were twins,
and exactly alike. When grown up, they were ship-wrecked off the coast
of Illyria, and both were saved. Viola, being separated from her
brother, in order to obtain a livelihood, dressed like her brother,
and took the situation of page under the duke Orsino. The duke, at the
time, happened to be in love with Olivia, and as the lady looked
coldly on his suit, he sent Viola to advance it, but the willful
Olivia, instead of melting towards the duke, fell in love with his
beautiful page. One day Sebastian, the twin-brother of Viola, being
attacked in a street brawl, before Olivia’s house, the lady, thinking
him to be the page, invited him in, and they soon grew to such
familiar terms that they agreed to become man and wife. About the same
time, the duke discovered his page to be a beautiful woman, and as he
could not marry his first love, he made Viola his wife, and the
duchess of Illyria.

=Twelve Apostles of Ireland= (_The_), twelve Irish prelates of the
sixth century, disciples of St. Finnian of Clonard.

1. CIARAN or KEIRAN, bishop and abbot of Saighir (now _Seir-Keiran_,
King’s County).

2. CIARAN or KEIRAN, abbot of Clomnacnois.

3. COLUMCILLE of Hy (now _Iona_). This prelate is also called St.
Columba.

4. BRENDAN, bishop and abbot of Clonfort.

5. BRENDAN, bishop and abbot of Birr (now _Parsonstown_, King’s
County).

6. COLUMBA, abbot of Tirdaglas.

7. MOLAISE or LAISRE, abbot of Damhiris (now _Devenish Island_, in
lough Erne).

8. CAINNECH, abbot of Aichadhbo, in Queen’s County.

9. RUADAN or RODAN, abbot of Lorrha, in Tipperary County.

10. MOBI CLAIRENECH (_i.e._, “the flat-faced”), abbot of Glasnooidhan
(now _Glasnevin_, near Dublin).

11. SENELL, abbot of Cluain-inis, in lough Erne.

12. NANNATH or NENNITH, bishop and abbot of Inismuige-Samh (now
_Inismac-Saint_, in lough Erne).

=Twelve Knights of the Round Table.= Dryden says there were twelve
paladins, and twelve knights of the Round Table. The table was made
for 150, but as twelve is the orthodox number, the following names
hold the most conspicuous places:--(1) LAUNCELOT, (2) TRISTRAM, and
(3) LAMORACKE, the three bravest; (4) TOR, the first made; (5)
GALAHAD, the chaste; (6) GAW´AIN, the courteous; (7) GARETH, the
big-handed; (8) PALOMIDES, the Saracen, or unbaptized; (9) KAY, the
rude and boastful; (10) MARK, the dastard; (11) MORDRED, the traitor;
and the twelfth, as in the case of the paladins, must be selected from
one of the following names, all of which are seated with the prince in
the frontispiece attached to the _History of Prince Arthur_, compiled
by Sir T. Malory in 1470;--Sirs Acolon, Ballamore, Beleobus, Belvoure,
Bersunt, Bors, Ector de Maris, Ewain, Floll, Graheris, Galohalt,
Grislet, Lionell, Marhaus, Paginet, Pelleas, Percival, Sagris,
Superabilis, and Turquine.

Or we may take from the _Mabinogion_ the three “battle knights,”
Cadwr, Launcelot, and Owain; the three “counselling knights,” Kynon,
Aron, and Llywarch Hên; the three “diademed knights,” Kai, Trystan,
and Gwevyl; and the three “golden-tongued,” Gwalchmai, Drudwas and
Eliwlod, many of which are unknown in modern story.

Sir Walter Scott names sixteen of renown, seated round the king:

There _Galahad_ sat with manly grace,
Yet maiden meekness in his face;
There _Morolt_ of the iron mace;
And lovelorn _Tristrem_ there;
And _Dinadam_, with lively glance;
And _Lanval_, with the fairy lance;
And _Mordred_, with his looks askance;
_Brunor_ and _Belvidere_.
Why should I tell of numbers more?
Sir _Cay_, Sir _Banier_, and Sir _Bore_,
Sir _Caradoc_, the keen,
And gentle _Gawain’s_ courteous lore,
_Hector de Mares_, and _Pellinore_,
And _Lancelot_, that evermore
Looked stol’n-wise on the queen.
_Bridal of Triermain_, ii. 13 (1813).

=Twelve Paladins= (_The_), twelve famous warriors in Charlemagne’s
court.

1. ASTOLPHO, cousin of Roland, descended from Charles Martel. A great
boaster, fool-hardy, and singularly handsome. It was Astolpho who went
to the moon to fetch back Orlando’s (_Roland’s_) brains when mad.

2. FERUMBRAS or FIERABRAS, a Saracen, afterwards converted and
baptized.

3. FLORISMART, the _fidus Achātês_ of Roland or Orlando.

4. GANELON, the traitor, count of Mayence. Placed by Dantê in the
Inferno.

5. MAUGRIS, in Italian MALAGIGI, cousin to Rinaldo, and son of Beuves
of Aygremont. He was brought up by Oriande the fairy, and became a
great enchanter.

6. NAMO or NAYME de Bavière.

7. OGIER, the DANE, thought to be Holger, the hero of Denmark, but
some affirm that “Dane” is a corruption of _Damné_; so called because
he was not baptized.

8. OLIVER, son of Regnier, comte de Gennes, the rival of Roland in all
feats of arms.

9. OTUEL, a Saracen, nephew to Ferragus or Ferracute. He was
converted, and married a daughter of King Charlemagne.

10. RINALDO, son of Duke Aymon, and cousin to Roland. Angelica fell in
love with him, but he requited not her affection.

11. ROLAND, called ORLANDO in Italian, comte de Cenouta. He was
Charlemagne’s nephew, his mother being Berthe, the king’s sister, and
his father Millon.

12. One of the following names, all of which are called paladins, and
probably supplied vacancies caused by death:--Basin de Genevois,
Geoffrey de Frises, Guerin, duc de Lorraine, Guillaume de l’Estoc, Guy
de Bourgogne, Hoël comte de Nantes, Lambert, prince of Bruxelles,
Richard, duc de Normandy, Riol du Mans, Samson, duc de Bourgogne, and
Thiery.

⁂ There is considerable resemblance between the twelve selected
paladins and the twelve selected Table knights. In each case there
were three pre-eminent for bravery: Oliver, Roland and Rinaldo
(_paladins_); Launcelot, Tristram, and Lamoracke (_Table knights_). In
each case was a Saracen: Ferumbras (_the paladin_); Palomides (_the
Table knight_). In each was a traitor: Ganelon (_the paladin_);
Mordred (_the Table Knight_), like Judas Iscariot in the apostolic
twelve.

Who bear the bows were knights in Arthur’s reign,
Twelve they, and twelve the peers of Charlemain.
Dryden, _The Flower and the Leaf_.

=Twelve Wise Masters= (_The_), the original corporation of the
mastersingers. Hans Sachs, the cobbler of Nürnberg, was the most
renowned and the most voluminous of the mastersingers, but he was not
one of the original twelve. He lived 1494-1576, and left behind him
thirty-four folio vols. of MS., containing 208 plays, 1700 comic
tales, and about 450 lyric poems.

Here Hans Sachs, the cobbler-poet, laureate of the gentle craft,
Wisest of the Twelve Wise Masters, in huge folios sang and danced.
Longfellow, _Nuremberg_.

⁂ The original corporation consisted of Heinrik von Mueglen, Konrad
Harder, Master Altschwert, Master Barthel Regenbogen (blacksmith),
Master Muscablüt (tailor), Hans Blotz (barber), Hans Rosenblüt
(armorial painter), Sebastian Brandt (jurist), Thomas Murner, Hans
Folz (surgeon), Wilhelm Weber, and Hans Sachs (cobbler). This last,
though not one of the founders, was so superior to them all that he is
always reckoned among the wise mastersingers.

=Twemlow= (_Mr._), first cousin to Lord Snigsworth; “an innocent piece
of dinner-furniture,” in frequent requisition by Mr. and Mrs.
Veneering. He is described as “grey, dry, polite, and susceptible to
east wind;” he wears “first-gentleman-in-Europe collar and cravat;”
“his cheeks are drawn in as if he had made a great effort to retire
into himself some years ago, and had got so far, but never any
further.” His great mystery is who is Mr. Veneering’s oldest friend;
is he himself his oldest or his newest acquaintance? He couldn’t
tell.--C. Dickens, _Our Mutual Friend_ (1864).

=Twenty Bold Mariners.=

“Twenty bold mariners went to the wave,
Twenty sweet breezes blew over the main;
All were so hearty, so free and so brave--
But they never came back again.”
* * * * * * * * *
Rose Hawthorne Lathrop, _Along the Shore_ (1888).

=Twice-told Tales.= Some of Nathaniel Hawthorne’s most charming tales
and sketches are collected under this caption (1851).

=Twickenham= (_The Bard of_), Alexander Pope, who lived for thirty
years at Twickenham (1688-1744).

=Twigtythe= (_The Rev. Mr._), clergyman at Fasthwaite Farm, held by
Farmer Williams.--Sir W. Scott, _Waverley_ (time, George II.).

=Twin Brethren= (_The Great_), Castor and Pollux.

Back comes the chief in triumph
Who, in the hour of fight,
Hath seen the Great Twin Brethren
In harness on his right.
Safe comes the ship to haven,
Thro’ billows and thro’ gales,
If once the great Twin Brethren
Sit shining on the sails.
Lord Macaulay, _Lays of Ancient Rome_ (“Battle of Lake
Regillus,” xl. 1842).

=Twineall= (_The Hon. Mr._), a young man who goes to India, intending
to work himself into place by flattery; but, wholly mistaking
character, he gets thrown into prison for treason. Twineall talks to
Sir Luke Tremor (who ran away from the field of battle) of his
glorious deeds of fight; to Lady Tremor (a grocer’s daughter) of high
birth, supposing her to be a descendant of the kings of Scotland; to
Lord Flint (the sultan’s chief minister) of the sultan’s dubious right
to the throne, and so on.--Mrs. Inchbald, _Such Things Are_ (1786).

=Twist= (_Oliver_), the son of Mr. Brownlow’s oldest friend and Agnes
Fleming; half-brother to “Manks.” He was born and brought up in a
workhouse, starved, and ill-treated; but was always gentle, amiable,
and pure-minded. His asking for more gruel at the workhouse because he
was so hungry, and the astonishment of the officials at such daring
impudence, is capitally told.--Charles Dickens, _Oliver Twist_ (1837).

=Twitcher= (_Harry_). Henry, Lord Brougham [_Broom_] was so called,
from his habit of twitching his neck (1778-1868).

Don’t you recollect, North, some years ago that Murray’s name was on
our title-page; and that, being alarmed for Subscription Jamie [_Sir
James Mackintosh_] and Harry Twitcher, he ... scratched his name
out?--Wilson, _Noctes Ambrosianæ_ (1822-36).

_Twitcher_ (_Jemmy_), a cunning and treacherous highwayman in
Macheath’s gang.--Gay, _The Beggar’s Opera_ (1727).

_Twitcher_ (_Jemmy_), the nickname of John, Lord Sandwich, noted for
his liaison with Miss Ray (1718-1792).

When sly Jemmy Twitcher had smugged up his face
With a lick of court whitewash and pious grimace,
Avowing he went where three sisters of old,
In harmless society, guttle and scold.
Gay, (1716-1771).

=Two Drovers= (_The_), a tale in two chapters, laid in the reign of
George III., written by Sir Walter Scott (1827). It is one of the
“Chronicles of the Canongate” supposed to be told by Mr. Croftangry.
Robin Oig M’Combich, a Highland drover, revengeful and proud, meets
with Harry Wakefield, a jovial English drover, and quarrels with him
about a pasture-field. They fight in Heskett’s ale-house, but are
separated. Oig goes on his way to get a dagger, with which he returns
to the ale-house, and stabs Harry who is three parts drunk. Being
tried for murder, he is condemned and executed.

=Two Gentlemen of Vero´na=, a drama by Shakespeare, the story of which
is taken from the _Diana_ of Montemayor (sixteenth century). The tale
is this: Protheus and Valentine were two friends, and Protheus was in
love with a lady of Verōna, named Julia. Valentine went to sojourn in
Milan, and there fell in love with Silvia, the duke’s daughter, who
was promised in marriage to Thurio. Protheus, being sent by his father
to Milan, forgot Julia, fell in love with Silvia, and, in order to
carry his point, induced the duke to banish Valentine, who became the
captain of banditti, into whose hands Silvia fell. Julia, unable to
bear the absence of her lover, dressed in boy’s clothes, and, going to
Milan, hired herself as a page to Protheus, and when Silvia was lost,
the duke, with Thurio, Protheus and his page, went in quest of her.
She was soon discovered, but when Thurio attempted to take possession
of her, Valentine said to him, “I dare you to touch her;” and Thurio
replied, “None but a fool would fight for a girl.” The duke,
disgusted, gave Silvia to Valentine; and Protheus, ashamed of his
conduct, begged pardon of Valentine, discovered his page to be Julia,
and married her (1595).

=Two Kings of Brentford= (_The_). In the duke of Buckingham’s farce
called _The Rehearsal_ (1671), the two kings enter hand-in-hand, dance
together, sing together, walk arm-in-arm, and, to heighten the
absurdity, they are made to smell of the same nosegay (act ii. 2.).

=Two-Legged Mare= (_The_), a gallows. Vice says to Tyburn:

I will help to bridle the two-legged mare.
_Like Will to Like, etc._ (1587).

=Two-Shoes= (_Goody_), a nursery tale by Oliver Goldsmith (1765).
Goody Two-shoes was a very poor child, whose delight at having a
_pair_ of shoes was so unbounded that she could not forbear telling
every one she met that she had “two shoes,” whence her name. She
acquired knowledge and became wealthy. The title-page states that the
tale is for the benefit of those

Who from a state of rags and care,
And having shoes but half a pair,
Their fortune and their fame should fix,
And gallop in a coach and six.

=Two Strings to Your Bow=, a farce by Jephson (1792). Lazarillo,
wanting a master, enters the service of Don Felix and also of Octavio
at the same time. He makes perpetual blunders, such as giving letters
and money to the wrong master; but it turns out that Don Felix is
Donna Clara, the betrothed of Octavio. The lovers meet at the Eagle
hotel, recognize each other, and become man and wife.

=Two Unlucky.= In our dynasties two has been an unlucky number; thus:
Ethelred II. was forced to abdicate; Harold II. was slain at Hastings;
William II. was shot in the New Forest; Henry II. had to fight for his
crown, which was usurped by Stephen; Edward II. was murdered at
Berkeley Castle; Richard II. was deposed; Charles II. was driven into
exile; James II. was obliged to abdicate; George II. was worsted at
Fontenoy and Lawfeld, was disgraced by General Braddock and Admiral
Byng, and was troubled by Charles Edward, the Young Pretender.

=Tyb´alt=, a fiery young nobleman of Verona, nephew to Lady Capŭlet,
and cousin to Juliet. He is slain in combat by Ro´meo.--Shakespeare,
_Romeo and Juliet_ (1595).

The name is given to the _cat_ in the beast-epic called _Reynard the
Fox_. Hence Mercutio calls him “rat-catcher” (act iii. sc. 1), and
when Tybalt demands of him, “What wouldst thou have with me?” Mercutio
replies, “Good king of cats, nothing but one of your nine lives” (act
iii. sc. 1).

_Tybalt_, a Lombard officer, in love with Laura, niece of Duke
Gondibert. The story of _Gondibert_ being unfinished, no sequel of
this attachment is given.--Sir W. Davenant, _Gondibert_ (died 1668).

_Tybalt_ or _Tibert_, the cat in the beast-epic of _Reynard the Fox_
(1498).

=Tyburn= (_Kings of_), hangmen.

=Tyburn Tree= (_The_), a gallows; so called because criminals at one
time hung on the elm trees which grew on the banks of the Tyburn. The
“Holy Maid of Kent,” Mrs. Turner, the poisoner, Felton, the assassin
of the duke of Buckingham, Jack Sheppard, Jonathan Wild, Lord Ferrers,
who murdered his steward, Dr. Dodd and Mother Brownrigg, “all died in
their shoes” on the Tyburn tree.

Since laws were made for every degree,
To curb vice in others as well as in me [_Macheath_],
I wonder we ha’nt better company
’Neath Tyburn tree.
Gay, _The Beggar’s Opera_ (1727).

=Tycho=, a vassal of the bishop of Treves, in the reign of Kaiser
Henry IV. He promised to avenge his lord and master, who had been
plundered by Count Adalbert, a leader of bandits. So, going to the
count’s castle, he craved a draught of water. The porter brought him a
cup of wine, and Tycho said, “Thank thy lord for his charity, and tell
him he shall meet with his reward.” Then, returning home, he procured
thirty large wine-barrels, in each of which he concealed an armed
retainer and weapons for two others. Each cask was then carried by two
men to the count’s castle, and when the door was opened Tycho said to
the porter, “I am come to recompense thy lord and master,” and the
sixty men carried in the thirty barrels. When Count Adalbert went to
look at the present, at a signal given by Tycho the tops of the casks
flew off, and the ninety armed men slew the count and his brigands,
and then burnt the castle to the ground.

The reader may perceive a certain resemblance between this tale and
that of “Ali Baba, or the Forty Thieves” (_Arabian Nights’
Entertainments_).

=Tyler= (_Wat_), a frugal, honest, industrious, skillful blacksmith of
Essex; with one daughter, Alice, pretty, joyous, innocent, and modest.
With all his frugality and industry, Wat found it very hard to earn
enough for daily bread, and the tax-collectors came for the poll-tax,
three groats a head, for a war to maintain our conquests in France.
Wat had saved up the money, and proffered six groats for himself and
wife. The collectors demanded three groats for Alice also, but Tyler
said she was under 15 years of age, whereupon, one of the collectors
having “insulted her virgin modesty,” Tyler felled him to the ground
with his sledge-hammer. The people gathered round the smith, and a
general uprising ensued. Richard II., sent a herald to Tyler, to
request a parley, and pledging his royal word for his safe conduct.
The sturdy smith appointed Smithfield for the rendezvous, and there
Tyler told the king the people’s grievances; but while he was
speaking, William Walworth, the lord mayor, stabbed him from behind
and killed him. The king, to pacify the people, promised the poll-tax
should be taken off and their grievances redressed, but no sooner had
the mob dispersed than the rebels were cut down wholesale, and many
being subjected to a mockery of a trial, were infamously
executed.--Southey, _Wat Tyler_ (1794, published, 1817).

=Tyll Owlyglass= or TYLL OWLEGLASS, by Thomas Murner, a Franciscan
monk, of Strasbourg (1475-1536); the English name of the German “Tyll
Eulenspiegel.” Tyll is a mechanic of Brunswick, who runs from pillar
to post as charlatan, physician, lansquenet, fool, valet, and
Jack-of-all-trades. He undertakes anything and everything, but
invariably “spoils the Egyptians” who trust in him. He produces
popular proverbs, is brimfull of merry mischief, droll as Sam Slick,
indifferent honest as Gil Blas, light-hearted as Andrew Bode, as full
of tricks as Scapin, and as popular as Robin Hood. The book is crammed
with observations, anecdotes, fables, _bon mots_, facetiæ, and shows
forth the omnipotence of common sense. There are two good English
versions of this popular picaresco romance--one printed by William
Copland, and entitled _The Merrye Jeste of a Man called Howlëglass and
the many Marvellous Thinges and Jestes which he did in his Lyfe in
Eastland_; and the other published in 1860, translated by K. R. H.
Mackenzie, and illustrated by Alfred Crowquill. In 1720 was brought
out a modified and abridged edition of the German story.

To few mortals has it been granted to earn such a place in universal
history as Tyll Eulenspiegel [_U’len-spee’.g’l_]. Now, after five
centuries, Tyll’s native village is pointed out with pride to the
traveller, and his tombstone ... still stands ... at Möllen, near
Lubeck, where since 1350 [_sic_] his once nimble bones have been at
rest.--Carlyle.

=Tylwyth Teg=, or the “Family of Beauty,” elves who “dance in the
moonlight on the velvet sward,” in their airy and flowing robes of
blue and green, white and scarlet. These beautiful fays delight in
showering benefits on the human race. _The Mabinogion_.

=Tyneman= (2 _syl._), Archibald IV., earl of Douglas. So called
because he was always on the losing side.

=Tyre=, in Dryden’s satire of _Absalom and Achitophel_, means Holland.
“Egypt,” in the same satire, means France.

I mourn my countrymen, your lost estate ...
Now all your liberties a spoil are made,
Egypt and Tyrus intercept your trade.
Pt. i. (1681).

_Tyre_ (_Archbishop of_), with the crusaders.--Sir W. Scott, _The
Talisman_ (time, Richard I.).

=Tyrian Cyn´osure= (3 _syl._), Ursa Minor. Ursa Major is called by
Milton “The Star of Arcady,” from Calisto, daughter of Lyca´on, the
first king of Arcadia, who was changed into this constellation. Her
son, Arcas or Cynosūra, was made the Lesser Bear.--Pausanias,
_Itinerary of Greece_, viii. 4.

And thou shalt be our star of Arcady,
Or Tyrian Cynosure.
Milton, Comus, 343 (1634).

=Tyrie=, one of the archers in the Scottish guard of Louis XI.--Sir W.
Scott, _Quentin Durward_ (time, Edward IV.).

_Tyrie_ (_The Rev. Michael_), minister of Glenorquhy.--Sir W. Scott,
_The Highland Widow_ (time, George II.).

=Tyrog´lyphus= (“_the cheese-scooper_”), one of the mouse princes
slain in the battle of the frogs and mice by Lymnisius (“the laker”).

Lymnisius good Tyroglyphus assails,
Prince of the mice that haunt the flowery vales;
Lost to the milky fares and rural seat,
He came to perish on the bank of fate.
Parnell, _Battle of the Frogs and Mice_, iii. (about
1712).

=Tyrrel= (_Francis_), the nephew of Mr. Mortimer. He loves Miss Aubrey
“with an ardent, firm disinterested love.” On one occasion Miss Aubrey
was insulted by lord Courtland, with whom Tyrrel fought a duel, and
was for a time in hiding; but when Courtland recovered from his
wounds, Tyrrel re-appeared, and ultimately married the lady of his
affection.--Cumberland, _The Fashionable Lover_ (1780).

_Tyrrel_ (_Frank_), or Martigny, earl of Etherington, son of the late
earl, and la comtesse de Martigny, his wife. He is supposed to be
illegitimate. Frank is in love with Clara Mowbray, daughter of Mr.
Mowbray, of St. Ronan’s.--Sir W. Scott, _St. Ronan’s Well_ (time,
George III).

=Tyrtæos=, selected by the Spartans as their leader, because his lays
inspired the soldiers to deeds of daring. The following is a
translation of one of his martial songs;--

Oh, how joyous to fall in the face of the foe,
For country and altar to die!
But a lot more ignoble no mortal can know,
Than with children and parents heart-broken with woe,
From home as an exile to fly.

Unrecompensed labor, starvation, and scorn,
The feet of the captive attend;
Dishonored his race, by rude foes overborne;
From altar, from country, from kith and kin torn;
No brother, no sister, no friend.

To the field, then! Be strong, and acquit ye like men!
Who shall fear for his country to fall?
Ye younger, in ranks firmly serried remain;
Ye elders, though weak, look on flight with disdain,
And honor your fatherland’s call!

_Tyrtæos_ (_The Spanish_), Manuel José Quintāna, whose odes stimulated
the Spaniards to vindicate their liberty, at the outbreak of the War
of Independence (1772-1857).

⁂ Who can tell the influence of such odes as the _Marseillaise_, or
some of the Jacobite songs, on the spirit of a people? Even the
music-hall song, “We don’t want to fight,” almost roused the English
nation into a war with Russia in 1878.

=Tyson= (_Kate_), a romantic young lady, who marries Frank
Cheeney.--Wybert Reeve, _Parted_.

=Ubaldo=, one of the crusaders, mature in age. He had visited many
regions, “from polar cold to Libya’s burning soil.” He and Charles,
the Dane, went to bring back Rinaldo from the enchanted
castle.--Tasso, _Jerusalem Delivered_ (1575).

=Ubaldo and Ricardo=, two men sent by Honoria, queen of Hungary, to
tempt the fidelity of Sophia, because the queen was in love with her
husband, Mathias. Immediately Sophia understood the object of their
visit, she had the two men confined in separate rooms, where they were
made to earn their food by spinning.--Massinger, _The Picture_ (1629).

=Ube´da= (_Orbaneia of_), a painter who drew a cock so
preposterously that he was obliged to write under it “This is a
cock,” in order that the spectator might know what was intended to
be represented.--Cervantes, _Don Quixote_, II. i. 3 (1615).

=Uberti= (_Farinata Degli_), a noble Florentine, leader of the
Ghibelline faction. Dantê represents him in his _Inferno_, as lying in
a fiery tomb, yet open and not to be closed till the last judgment.

=Uberto=, Count d’Este, etc.--Ariosto, _Orlando Furioso_ (1516).

=Udaller=, one who holds land by allodial tenure. Magnus Troil, in Sir
W. Scott’s _Pirate_, was a udaller.

=Ude=, the most learned of cooks, author of _La Science de Gueule_. He
says, “Coquus nascitur non fit.” That “music, dancing, fencing,
painting, and mechanics possess professors under 20 years of age, but
pre-eminence in cooking is never attained under 30.” He was _premier
artiste_ to Louis XVI., then to Lord Sefton, then to the duke of York,
then _chef de cuisine_ at Crockford’s. It is said that he quitted the
earl of Sefton, because one of his lordship’s guests added pepper to
his soup. He was succeeded by Frascatelli.

⁂ Vatel, we are told, committed suicide (1677), during a banquet given
by the Prince de Condé, because the lobsters for the turbot sauce did
not arrive in time.

=Udolpho= (_The Mysteries of_), a romance by Mrs. Radcliffe (1790).

=Ugo=, natural son of Niccolo III. of Ferrara. His father had for his
second wife Parisi´na Malatesta, between whom and Ugo a criminal
attachment arose. When Niccolo was informed thereof, he had both
brought to open trial, and both were condemned to suffer death by the
common headsman.--Frizzi, _History of Ferrara_.

=Ugoli´no=, count of Gheradesca, a leader of the Guelphi in Pisa. He
was raised to the highest honors, but the Archbishop Ruggie´ri incited
the Pisans against him, his castle was attacked, two of his grandsons
fell in the assault, and the count himself, with his two sons and two
surviving grandsons, were imprisoned in the tower of the Gualandi, on
the Piazza of the Anziani. Being locked in, the dungeon key was flung
into the Arno, and all food was withheld from them. On the fourth day
his son, Gaddo, died, and by the sixth day little Anselm, with the two
grandchildren, “fell one by one.” Last of all the count died also
(1288), and the dungeon was ever after called “The Tower of Famine.”

Dantê has introduced this story in his _Inferno_, and represents
Ugolino as devouring most voraciously the head of Ruggieri, while
frozen in the lake of ice.

Chaucer, in his _Canterbury Tales_, makes the monk briefly tell this
sad story, and calls the count “Hugeline of Pise.”

Oh, thou Pisa, shame!... What if fame
Reported that thy castles were betrayed

By Ugolino, yet no right hadst thou
To stretch his children on the rack ...
Their tender years ... uncapable of guilt.
Dantê, _Hell_, xxxiii. (1300).

Remember Ugolino condescends
To eat the head of his arch-enemy
The moment after he politely ends
His tale.
Byron, _Don Juan_, ii. 83 (1819).

=Ulalume=, the lost love, to the door of whose tomb the poet strays
with “Psyche, his soul.”

And we pass to the end of the vista,
But were stopped by the door of a tomb,--
By the door of a legended tomb;
And I said, “What is written, sweet sister
On the door of this legended tomb?”
She replied, “Ulalume! Ulalume!
’Tis the vault of thy lost Ulalume!”
Edgar Allan Poe, _Poems_ (1850).

=Ula´nia=, queen of Islanda. She sent a golden shield to Charlemagne,
to be given as a prize to his bravest knight, and whoever won it might
claim the donor in marriage.--Ariosto, _Orlando Furioso_, xv. (1516).

=Ulfin=, the page of Gondibert’s grandsire, and the faithful Achātês
of Gondibert’s father. He cured Gondibert by a cordial kept in his
sword hilt.--Sir W. Davenant, _Gondibert_ (died 1668).

=Ulf=, Celtic husband, who, surprising his wife with her lover,
follows and slays him, then tells her what he has seen, and how
avenged his injured honor, and kills her.--Charles de Kay, _Hesperus
and other Poems_ (1880).

=Ulien’s Son=, Rodomont.--Ariosto, _Orlando Furioso_ (1516).

=Ulin=, an enchantress who had no power over those who remained
faithful to Allah and their duty; but if any fell into error or sin
she had full power to do as she liked, Thus, when Misnar (sultan of
India) mistrusted the protection of Allah, she transformed him into a
toad. When the Vizier Horam believed a false report, obviously untrue,
she transformed him also into a toad. And when the Princess Hemjunah,
to avoid a marriage projected by her father, ran away with a stranger,
her indiscretion placed her in the power of the enchantress, who
transformed her likewise into a toad. Ulin was ultimately killed by
Misnar, sultan of Delhi, who felled her to the ground with a
blow.--Sir C. Morell [J. Ridley], _Tales of the Genii_, vi., viii.
(1751).

=Ullin=, Fingal’s aged bard, called “the sweet voice of resounding
Cona.”

_Ullin_, the Irish name for Ulster.

He pursued the chase on Ullin, on the moss-covered top of
Drumardo.--Ossian, _Temora_, ii.

=Ullin’s Daughter= (_Lord_), a young lady who eloped with the chief of
Ulva’s Isle, and induced a boatman to row them over Lochgyle during a
storm. The boat was capsized just as Lord Ullin and his retinue
reached the shore. He saw the peril, he cried in agony, “Come back,
come back! and I’ll forgive your Highland chief;” but it was too late,
the “waters wild rolled o’er his child, and he was left
lamenting.”--Campbell, _Lord Ullin’s Daughter_ (a ballad).

=Ulric=, son of Werner (_i.e._, count of Siegendorf). With the help of
Gabor, he saved the count of Stral´enheim from the Oder; but murdered
him afterwards for the wrongs he had done his father and himself,
especially in seeking to oust them from the princely inheritance of
Siegendorf.--Byron, _Werner_ (1822).

=Ulri´ca=, in _Charles XII._, by J. R. Planché (1826).

_Ulrica_, a girl of great beauty and noble determination of character,
natural daughter of Ernest de Fridberg. Dressed in the clothes of
Herman (the deaf and dumb jailer-lad), she gets access to the dungeon
where her father is confined as a “prisoner of State,” and contrives
his escape, but he is recaptured. Whereupon Christine (a young woman
in the service of the Countess Marie) goes direct to Frederick II.,
and obtains his pardon.--E. Stirling, _The Prisoner of State_ (1847).

_Ulrica_, _alias_ MARTHA, mother of Bertha, the betrothed of Hereward
(3 _syl._).--Sir W. Scott, _Count Robert of Paris_ (time, Rufus).

_Ulrica_, daughter of the late thane of Torquilstone; _alias_ Dame
Urfried, an old sibyl at Torquilstone Castle.--Sir W. Scott, _Ivanhoe_
(time Richard I.).

=Ulster= (_The kings of_). The kings of _Ulster_ were called O’Neil;
those of _Munster_, O’Brien; of _Connaught_, O’Connor; of _Leinster_,
MacMorrough; and of _Meath_, O’Melaghlin.

=Ultimus Romano´rum=, Horace Walpole (1717-1797).

=Ulvfagre=, the fierce Dane, who massacred the Culdees of Io´na, and
having bound Aodh in iron, carried him to the church, demanding of him
where he had concealed the church treasures. At that moment a
mysterious gigantic figure in white appeared, and, taking Ulvfagre by
the arm, led him to the statue of St. Columb, which instantly fell on
him and killed him.

The tottering image was dashed
Down from its lofty pedestal;
On Ulvfagre’s helm it crashed.
Helmet, and skull, and flesh, and brain,
It crushed as millstones crush the grain.
Campbell, _Reullura_.

=Ulysses=, a corrupt form of Odusseus [_O. dus´.suce_], the king of
Ithăca. He is one of the chief heroes in Homer’s _Iliad_, and the
chief hero of the _Odyssey_. Homer represents him as being craftily
wise and full of devices. Virgil ascribes to him the invention of the
Wooden Horse.

Ulysses was very unwilling to join the expedition to Troy, and
pretended to be mad. Thus, when Palamēdês came to summon him to the
war, he was plowing the sand of the seashore and sowing it with salt.

_Ulysses’s bow._ Only Ulysses could draw this bow, and he could shoot
an arrow from it through twelve rings.

William the Conqueror had a bow which no arm but his own could bend.

Robin Hood’s bow could be bent by no hand but his own.

⁂ Statius says that no one but Kapăneus [_Kap´.a.nuce_] could poise
his spear.

His cypress spear with steel encircled shone,
Not to be poised but by his hand alone.
_Thebaid_, v.

_Ulysses’s Dog_, Argus, which recognized his master after an absence
of twelve years. (See THERON, King Roderick’s dog.)

=Ulysses and Polyphemos.=

Ulysses and his crew, having reached the island of Sicily, strayed
into the cave of Polyphēmos, the giant Cyclops. Soon as the monster
returned and saw the strangers, he seized two of them, and, having
dashed out their brains, made his supper off them, “nor entrails left,
nor yet their marrowy bones;” then stretched he his huge carcass on
the floor, and went to sleep. Next morning he caught up two others,
devoured them for his breakfast, then stalked forth into the open air,
driving his flocks before him. At sun-down he returned, seized other
two for his supper and after quaffing three bowls of wine, fell
asleep. Then it was that Ulysses bored out the giant’s eye with a
green olive stake heated in the fire. The monster roared with pain,
and after searching in vain to seize some of his tormentors, removed
the rock from the mouth of the cave to let out his goats and sheep.
Ulysses and his companions escaped at the same time by attaching
themselves to the bellies of the sheep, and made for their ship.
Polyphemos hurled rocks at the vessel, and nearly succeeded in sinking
it, but the fugitives made good their flight, and the blinded monster
was left lamenting.--Homer, _Odyssey_, ix.

⁂ An extraordinary parallel to this tale is told in the third voyage
of Sindbad, the sailor. Sindbad’s vessel was driven by a tempest to an
island of pygmies, and advancing into the interior, the crew came to a
“high palace,” into which they entered. At sundown came home the
giant, “tall as a palm tree; and in the middle of his forehead was one
eye, red and fiery as a burning coal.” Soon as he saw the intruders,
he caught up the fattest of them and roasted him for his supper, then
lay down to sleep, and “snored louder than thunder.” At daybreak he
left the palace, but at night returned, and made his meal off another
of the crew. This was repeated a third night, but while the monster
slept, Sindbad, with a red-hot spit, scooped out his eye. “The pain he
suffered made him groan hideously,” and he fumbled about the palace to
catch some of his tormentors “on whom to glut his rage;” but not
succeeding in this, he left the palace, “bellowing with pain.” Sindbad
and the rest lost no time in making for the sea; but scarcely had they
pushed off their rafts when the giant approached with many others, and
hurled huge stones at the fugitives. Some of them even ventured into
the sea up to their waists, and every raft was sunk except the one on
which Sindbad and two of his companions made their escape.--_Arabian
Nights_ (“Sindbad, the Sailor,” third voyage).

Another similar tale occurs in the Basque legends, in which the
giant’s name is Tartaro, and his eye was bored out with spits made red
hot. As in the previous instances, some seamen had inadvertently
wandered into the giant’s dwelling, and Tartaro had banqueted on three
of them, when his eye was scooped out by the leader. This man, like
Ulysses, made his escape by means of a ram, but, instead of clinging
to the ram’s belly, he fastened round his neck the ram’s bell, and
threw over his back a sheep-skin. When Tartaro laid his hand on the
skin, the man left it behind and made good his escape.

That all these tales are borrowed from one source none can doubt. The
_Iliad_ of Homer had been translated into Syriac by Theophilus
Edessenes, a Christian Maronite monk of Mount Libănus, during the
caliphate of Hárun-ur-Ráshid (A.D. 786-809).--See _Notes and Queries_,
April 19, 1879.

=Ulysses of Brandenburg= (_The_), Albert III., elector of Brandenburg,
also called “The German Achillês” (1414-1486).

=Ulysses of the Highlands= (_The_), Sir Evan Cameron, lord of Lochiel
[_Lok.keel´_], and surnamed “The Black” (died 1719).

⁂ It was the son of Sir Evan who was called “The Gentle Lochiel.”

=Umbra= (_Obsequious_), in Garth’s Dispensary, is meant for Dr. Gould
(1699).

=Umbriel´= (2 _syl._), the tutelar angel of Thomas, the apostle, once
a Sadducee, and always hard of conviction.--Klopstock, _The Messiah_,
iii. (1748).

_Umbriel_ [_Um.breel´_], a sprite whom Spleen supplies with a bagful
of “sighs, sobs, and cross words,” and a vialful of “soft sorrows,
melting grief, and flowing tears.” When the baron cuts off Belinda’s
lock of hair, Umbriel breaks the vial over her, and Belinda instantly
begins sighing and sobbing, chiding, weeping, and pouting.--Pope,
_Rape of the Lock_ (1712).

Umbriel, a dusky, melancholy sprite
As ever sullied the fair face of light,
Down to the central earth, his proper scene,
Repaired, to search the gloomy cave of Spleen.
Canto iv. 13, etc.

=U´na=, truth; so called because truth is one. She goes, leading a
lamb and riding on a white ass, to the court of Gloriana, to crave
that one of her knights might undertake to slay the dragon which kept
her father and mother prisoners. The adventure is accorded to the Red
Cross Knight, and the two start forth together. A storm compels them
to seek shelter in a forest, and when the storm abates they get into
Wandering Wood, where they are induced by Archimago to sleep in his
cell. A vision is sent to the knight, which causes him to quit the
cell, and Una, not a little surprised at this discourtesy, goes in
search of him. In her wanderings she is caressed by a lion, who
becomes her attendant. After many adventures, she finds St. George,
“The Red Cross Knight;” who is held captive by Ugoglio, pride. Prince
Arthur slays Ugoglio and frees the knight, who is then taken by Una to
the house of Holiness to prepare for his battle with the dragon, which
he finally defeats after a terrific three-days contest.--Spenser,
_Faëry Queen_, i. (1590).

_Una_, one of Flora M’Ivor’s attendants.--Sir W. Scott, _Waverley_
(time, George II.).

=Uncas=, son of Chingachgook, surnamed “Deer-foot.” The courage,
dignity, and loyalty of this young chieftain, combine with his
personal graces to make him one of the most interesting creations of
the novelist’s imagination. He dies in the effort to rescue the
palefaced girl he loves, from the cruel Magua, and is buried by his
tribe with all the honors due the bravest and purest of the tribe.