Chapter IX: Part 9

=Touchfaucet= (_Captain_), in Picrochole’s army, taken captive by
Friar John. Being presented to Grangousier and asked the cause of his
king’s invasion, he replied, “To avenge the injury done to the
cake-bakers of Lernê” (ch. 25, 26). Grangousier commanded his
treasurer to give the friar 62,000 saluts (£15,500) in reward, and to
Touchfaucet he gave “an excellent sword of a Vienne blade, with a gold
scabbard, and a collar of gold weighing 702,000 merks (576,000
ounces), garnished with precious stones, and valued at £16,000
sterling, by way of present.” Returning to King Picrochole, he advised
him to capitulate, whereupon Rashcalf cried aloud, “Unhappy the prince
who has traitors for his counsellors!” and Touchfaucet, drawing “his
new sword,” ran him through the body. The king demanded who gave him
the sword, and being told the truth, ordered his guards “to hew him in
pieces.”--Rabelais, _Gargantua_, i. 45-47 (1533).

=Touching for the King’s Evil.= It is said that scrofulous diseases
were at one time very prevalent in the island, and that Edward the
Confessor, in answer to earnest prayer, was told it would be cured by
the royal touch. Edward, being gifted with this miraculous power,
transmitted it as an heir-loom to his successors. Henry VII. presented
each person touched with a small coin, called a touch-piece or
touch-penny.

Charles II. of England, during his reign, touched as many as 92,107
persons; the smallest number (2983) being in the year 1669, and the
largest number in 1684, when many were trampled to death (see
Macaulay’s _History of England_, xiv.). In these “touchings,” John
Brown, a royal surgeon, superintended the ceremony. (See _Macbeth_,
act iv. sc. 3.)

Prince Charles Edward, who claimed to be prince of Wales, touched a
female child for the disease in 1745.

The French kings claimed the same divine power from Anne of Clovis,
A.D. 481. And on Easter Sunday, 1686, Louis XIV. touched 1600, using
these words, _Le roy te touche, Dieu te guerisse_.

⁂ Dr. Johnson was the last person touched. The touch-piece given to
him has on one side this legend, _Soli Deo gloria_, and on the other
side, _Anna D: G. M. BR. F: et H. REG._ (“Anne, by the grace of God,
of Great Britain, France and Ireland, queen”).

Our good Edward he, the Confessor and king ...
That cancred evil cured, bred ’twixt the throat and jaws,
When physic could not find the remedy nor cause ...
He of Almighty God obtained by earnest prayer,
This tumor by a king might curêd be alone,
Which he an heir-loom left unto the English throne.
Drayton, _Polyolbion_, xi. (1613).

=Touchstone=, a clown filled with “quips and cranks and wanton wiles.”
The original of this character was Tarlton, the favorite court jester
of Queen Elizabeth.--Shakespeare, _As You Like It_ (1598).

His famous speech is “the seven degrees of affront:” (1) the _retort
courteous_, (2) the _quip modest_, (3) the _reply churlish_, (4) the
_reproof valiant_, (5) the _counter-check quarrelsome_, (6) the _lie
circumstantial_, (7) the _lie direct_ (act v. sc. 4).

=Touchwood= (_Colonel_), “the most passionate, impatient,
unreasonable, good-natured man in Christendom.” Uncle of Major and
Clarissa Touchwood.

_Sophia Touchwood_, the colonel’s daughter, in love with her cousin,
Major Touchwood. Her father wants her to marry Colonel Clifford, but
the colonel has fixed his heart on Clarissa, the major’s sister.

_Major Touchwood_, nephew of Colonel Touchwood, and in love with his
cousin, Sophia, the colonel’s daughter. He fancies that Colonel
Clifford is his rival, but Clifford is in love with Clarissa, the
major’s sister. This error forms the plot of the farce, and the
mistakes which arise when the major dresses up to pass himself off for
his uncle constitute its fun and entanglement.

_Clarissa Touchwood_, the major’s sister, in love with Colonel
Clifford. They first met at Brighton, and the colonel thought her
Christian name was Sophia; hence the major looked on him as a
rival.--T. Dibdin, _What Next?_

_Touchwood_ (_Lord_), uncle of Melle´font (2 _syl._).

_Lady Touchwood_, his wife, sister of Sir Paul Pliant. She
entertains a criminal passion for her nephew, Mellefont, and,
because he repels her advances, vows to ruin him. Accordingly, she
tells her husband that the young man has sought to dishonor her, and
when his lordship fancies that the statement of his wife must be
greatly overstated, he finds Mellefont with Lady Touchwood in her
own private chamber. This seems to corroborate the accusation laid
to his charge, but it was an artful trick of Maskwell’s to make
mischief, and in a short time a conversation which he overhears
between Lady Touchwood and Maskwell reveals the whole infamous
scheme most fully to the husband.--Congreve, _The Double Dealer_
(1700).

(Lord and Lady Touchwood must not be mistaken for _Sir George_ and
_Lady Frances Touchwood_, who are very different characters.)

Their Wildairs, Sir John Brutes, Lady Touchwoods and Mrs Frails, are
conventional reproductions of those wild gallants and demireps which
figure in the licentious dramas of Dryden and Shadwell.--Sir W. Scott,
_The Drama_.

⁂ “Wildair,” in _The Constant Couple_, by Farquhar; “Brute,” in _The
Provoked Wife_, by Van Brugh; “Mrs. Frail,” in _Love for Love_, by
Congreve.

_Touchwood_ (_Sir George_), the loving husband of Lady Frances,
desperately jealous of her, and wishing to keep her out of all
society, that she may not lose her native simplicity and purity of
mind. Sir George is a true gentleman of most honorable feelings.

_Lady Frances Touchwood_, the sweet, innocent wife of Sir George
Touchwood. Before her marriage she was brought up in seclusion in the
country, and Sir George tries to keep her fresh and pure in
London.--Mrs. Cowley, _The Belle’s Stratagem_ (1780).

_Touchwood_ (_Peregrine_), a touchy old East Indian, a relation of the
Mowbray family.--Sir W. Scott, _St. Ronan’s Well_ (time, George III.).

=Tough= (_Mr._), an old barrister.--Sir W. Scott, _Redgauntlet_ (time,
George III.).

=Touran.= The death of the children of Touran forms one of the three
tragic stories of the ancient Irish. The other two are _The Death of
the Children of Lir_ and _The Death of the Children of Usnach_.

=Tournemine= (3 _syl._), a Jesuit of the eighteenth century, fond of
the marvellous. “Il aimait le merveilleux et ne renonçait qu’avec
peine à y croire.”

Il ressemble à Tournemine,
Il croit ce qu’il imagine.
_French Proverb._

=Touthope= (_Mr._), a Scotch attorney and clerk of the peace.--Sir W.
Scott, _Rob Roy_ (time, George I.).

She ordered the fellow to be drawn through a horse-pond, and then to
be well rubbed down with an oaken towel.--_The Adventure of My Aunt._

=Tower of Hunger= (_The_), Gualandi, the tower in which Ugolino with
his two sons and two grandsons were starved to death in 1288.--Dantê,
_Inferno_ (1300).

=Tower of London= (_The_), was really built by Gundulphus, bishop of
Rochester, in the reign of William I., but tradition ascribes it to
Julius Cæsar.

Ye towers of Julius, London’s lasting shame.
Gray, _The Bard_ (1757).

=Tower of Vathek=, built with the intention of reaching heaven, that
Vathek might pry into the secrets seen by Mahomet. The staircase
contained 11,000 stairs, and when the top was gained, men looked no
bigger than pismires, and cities seemed mere bee-hives.--Beckford,
_Vathek_ (1784).

=Townley Mysteries=, certain religious dramas; so called, because the
MS. containing them belonged to P. Townley. These dramas are supposed
to have been acted at Widkirk Abbey, in Yorkshire. In 1831, they were
printed for the Surtees Society under the editorship of the Rev.
Joseph Hunter, and J. Stevenson. (See COVENTRY MYSTERIES.)

=Townley= (_Colonel_), attached to Berinthia, a handsome young widow,
but in order to win her he determines to excite her jealousy, and
therefore pretends love to Amanda, her cousin. Amanda, however, repels
his attentions with disdain; and the colonel, seeing his folly,
attaches himself to Berinthia.--Sheridan, _A Trip to Scarborough_
(1777).

_Townley_ (_Lord_) a nobleman of generous mind and high principle,
liberal and manly. Though very fond of his wife, he insists on a
separation because she is so extravagant and self-willed. Lady Townly
sees at length the folly of her ways, and promises amendment,
whereupon the husband relents and receives her into favor again.

_Lady Townly_, the gay, but not unfaithful young wife of Lord Townley,
who thinks that the pleasure of life consists in gambling; she “cares
nothing for her husband,” but “loves almost everything he hates.” She
says:

I dote upon assemblies; my heart bounds at a ball; and at an opera, I
expire. Then I love play to distraction; cards enchant me; and dice
put me out of my little wits.--Vanbrugh and Cibber, _The Provoked
Husband_, iii. 1 (1728).

(Mrs. Pritchard, Margaret Woffington, Miss Brunton, Miss M. Tree, and
Miss E. Tree, were all excellent in this favorite part.)

=Tox= (_Miss Lucretia_), the bosom friend of Mr. Dombey’s married
sister (Mrs. Chick). Miss Lucretia was a faded lady, “as if she had
not been made in fast colors,” and was washed out. She “ambled through
life without any opinions, and never abandoned herself to unavailing
regrets.” She greatly admired Mr. Dombey, and entertained a forlorn
hope that she might be selected by him to supply the place of his
deceased wife. Miss Tox lived in Princess’s Place, and maintained a
weak flirtation with a Major Bagstock, who was very jealous of Mr.
Dombey.--C. Dickens, _Dombey and Son_ (1846).

=Tozer=, one of the ten young gentlemen in the school of Dr. Blimber,
when Paul Dombey was there. A very solemn lad, whose “shirt-collar
curled up the lobes of his ears.”--C. Dickens, _Dombey and Son_
(1846).

=Trabb=, a prosperous old bachelor, a tailor by trade.

He was having his breakfast in the parlor behind the shop.... He had
sliced his hot roll into three feather-beds, and was slipping butter
in between the blankets.... He was a prosperous old bachelor, and his
open window looked into a prosperous little garden and orchard, and
there was a prosperous iron safe let into the wall at the side of the
fireplace, and without doubt, heaps of his prosperity were put away in
it in bags.--Dickens, _Great Expectations_ (1860).

=Traddles=, a simple, honest young man, who believes in everybody and
everything. Though constantly failing, he is never depressed by his
want of success. He had the habit of brushing his hair up on end,
which gave him a look of surprise.

At the Creakle’s school, when I was miserable, he [_Traddles_] would
lay his head on the desk for a little while, and then, cheering up,
would draw skeletons all over his slate.--C. Dickens, _David
Copperfield_, vii.(1849).

=Trade´love= (_Mr._), a broker on ’Change, one of the four guardians
of Anne Lovely, the heiress. He was “a fellow that would out-lie the
devil, for the advantage of stock, and cheat his own father in a
bargain. He was a great stickler for trade, and hated every one that
wore a sword” (act. i. 1). Colonel Feignwell passed himself off as a
Dutch merchant named Jan van Timtamtirelereletta herr van Feignwell,
and made a bet with Tradelove. Tradelove lost, and cancelled the debt
by giving his consent to the marriage of his ward to the supposed
Dutchman.--Mrs. Centlivre, _A Bold Stroke for a Wife_ (1717).

=Tragedy= (_Father of Greek_), Thespis, a traditional actor of Athens.
Æschylos is also called “The Father of Greek Tragedy” (B.C. 525-426).

=Tragedy of Gorboduc=, otherwise entitled the _Tragedy of Ferrex and
Porrex_, the earliest English tragedy, was the joint production of
Thomas Sackville, afterwards Lord Buckhurst, and earl of Dorset, and
Thomas Norton, a Puritan clergyman. It was produced before Queen
Elizabeth, at Whitehall, January 18, 1562. Sackville was already known
as the most important of the writers who produced “The Mirror for
Magistrates,” a collection of narratives of various remarkable English
historical personages, which was first published in 1559. Norton had
been associated with Sternhold and Hopkins in their metrical version
of the _Psalms_. On the title-page of the first edition of Gorboduc,
published in 1565, without the consent of the authors, it is stated
that the first three acts were written by Norton and the last two by
Sackville, but Charles Lamb expresses himself “willing to believe that
Lord Buckhurst supplied the more vital parts.”

=Trainband=, the volunteer artillery, whose ground for practice was in
Moorfields.

A trainband captain eke was he,
Of famous London town.
Cowper, _John Gilpin_ (1782).

=Trajan= (_The Second_), Marcus Aurelius Claudius, surnamed Gothĭcus,
noted for his valor, justice, and goodness (215, 268-270).

=Trajan and St. Gregory.= It is said that Trajan, although unbaptized,
was delivered from hell in answer to the prayers of St. Gregory.

There was storied on the rock
The exalted glory of the Roman prince,
Whose mighty worth moved Gregory to earn.
His mighty conquest--Trajan, the emperor.
Dantê, _Purgatory_, xi. (1308).

=Trajan and the Importunate Widow.= One day a mother appeared before
the Emperor Trajan, and cried, “Grant vengeance, sire! My son is
murdered.” The emperor replied, “I cannot stop now; wait till I
return.” “But, sire,” pleaded the widow, “if you do not return, who
will grant me justice?” “My successor,” said Trajan. “And can Trajan
leave to another the duty that he himself is appointed to perform?” On
hearing this the emperor stopped his cavalcade, heard the woman’s
cause, and granted her suit. Dantê tells this tale in his _Purgatory_,
xi.--John of Salisbury, _Polycraticos de Curialium Nugis_, v. 8
(twelfth century).

Dion Cassius (_Roman Historia_, lxix.) tells the same story of
Hadrian. When a woman appeared before him with a suit as he was
starting on a journey, the emperor put her off, saying, “I have no
leisure now.” She replied, “If Hadrian has no leisure to perform his
duties, let him cease to reign!” On hearing this reproof he dismounted
from his horse and gave ear to the woman’s cause.

A woman once made her appeal to Philip of Macedon, who, being busy at
the time, petulantly exclaimed, “Woman, I have no time now for such
matters.” “If Philip has no time to render justice,” said the woman,
“then it is high time for Philip to resign!” The king felt the rebuke,
heard the cause patiently, and decided it justly.

=Tramecksan and Slamecksan=, the High-heels and Low-heels, two great
political factions of Lilliput. The animosity of these Guelphs and
Ghibellines of punydom ran so high “that no High-heel would eat or
drink with a Low-heel, and no Low-heel would salute or speak to a
High-heel.” The king of Lilliput was a High-heel, but the
heir-apparent a Low-heel.--Swift, _Gulliver’s Travels_ (“Voyage to
Lilliput.” iv., 1726).

=Tramp= (_Gaffer_), a peasant at the execution of old Meg
Mudochson.--Sir W. Scott, _Heart of Midlothian_ (time, George II.).

=Tramtrist= (_Sir_), the name assumed by Sir Tristram, when he went to
Ireland to be cured of his wounds after his combat with Sir Marhaus.
Here La Belle Isold (or Isold “the Fair”) was his leech, and the young
knight fell in love with her. When the queen discovered that Sir
Tramtrist was Sir Tristram, who had killed her brother, Sir Marhaus,
in combat, she plotted to take his life, and he was obliged to leave
the island. La Belle Isold subsequently married King Mark of Cornwall,
but her heart was ever fixed on her brave young patient.--Sir T.
Malory, _History of Prince Arthur_, ii. 9-12 (1470).

=Tranchera=, Agricane’s sword which afterwards belonged to
Brandimart.--Ariosto, _Orlando Furioso_ (1516).

=Tra´nio=, one of the servants of Lucentio, the gentleman who marries
Bianca (the sister of Kathari´na, “the Paduan shrew”).--Shakespeare,
_Taming of the Shrew_ (1594).

=Transfer=, a usurer, who is willing to advance Sir George Wealthy a
sum of money on these easy terms: (1) 5 per cent. interest; (2) 10 per
cent. premium; (3) 5 per cent. for insuring the young man’s life; (4)
a handsome present to himself as broker; (5) the borrower to pay all
expenses; and (6) the loan not to be in cash but goods, which are to
be taken at a valuation and sold at auction at the borrower’s sole
hazard. These terms are accepted, and Sir George promises besides a
handsome _douceur_ to Loader for having found a usurer so
promptly.--Foote, _The Minor_ (1760).

=Transformations.= In the art of transformation, one of the most
important things was a ready wit to adopt in an instant some form
which would give you an advantage over your adversary; thus, if your
adversary appeared as a mouse, you must change into an owl, then your
adversary would become an arrow to shoot the owl, and you would assume
the form of fire to burn the arrow, whereupon your adversary would
become water to quench the fire; and he who could outwit the other
would come off victorious. The two best examples I know of this sort
of contest are to be found, one in the _Arabian Nights_, and the other
in the _Mabinogion_.

The former is the contest between the Queen of Beauty and the son of
the daughter of Eblis. He appeared as a scorpion, she in a moment
became a serpent; whereupon he changed into an eagle, she into a more
powerful black eagle; he became a cat, she a wolf; she instantly
changed into a worm and crept into a pomegranite, which in time burst,
whereupon he assumed the form of a cock to devour the seed, but it
became a fish; the cock then became a pike, but the princess became a
blazing fire, and consumed her adversary before he had time to
change.--“The Second Calendar.”

The other is the contest between Caridwen and Gwion Bach. Bach fled as
a hare, she changed into a greyhound; whereupon he became a fish, she
an otter-bitch, he instantly became a bird, she a hawk; but he became
as quick as thought a grain of wheat. Caridwen now became a hen, and
made for the wheat-corn and devoured him.--“Taliesin.”

=Translator-General.= Philemon Holland is so called by Fuller, in his
_Worthies of England_. Holland translated Livy, Pliny, Plutarch,
Suetonius, Xenophon, and several other classic authors (1551-1636).

=Transome= (_Harold_), takes a leading part in George Eliot’s novel
_Felix Holt_.

_Transome_ (_Mrs_). Mother of Harold.

=Trapbois= (_Old_), a miser in Alsatia. Even in his extreme age, “he
was believed to understand the plucking of a ‘pigeon’ better than any
man in Alsatia.”

_Martha Trapbois_, the miser’s daughter, a cold, decisive, masculine
woman, who marries Richie Moniplies.--Sir W. Scott, _The Fortunes of
Nigel_ (time, James I.).

=Trapper= (_The_). One of the titles of Natty Bumpo, a character
introduced into several of Cooper’s novels. In _The Pioneers_, he
bears his own name, in others he is “The Trapper,” “The Deerslayer,”
“The Pathfinder,” “The Hawk-eye” and “Leatherstocking.”

=Traveller= (_The_). The scheme of this poem is very simple: The poet
supposes himself seated among Alpine solitudes, looking down upon a
hundred kingdoms. He would fain find some spot where happiness can be
attained, but the natives of each realm think their own the best; yet
the amount of happiness in each is pretty well equal. To illustrate
this, the poet describes the manners and government of Italy,
Switzerland, France, Holland, and England.--O. Goldsmith (1764).

_Traveller_ (_Mr._), the stranger who tried to reason with Mr. Mopes
and bring him back to society, but found the truth of the tinker’s
remark, “When iron is thoroughly rotten, you cannot botch it.”--C.
Dickens, _A Christmas Number_ (1861).

=Travellers’ Tales.= Marco Polo says,

“Certain islands lie so far north in the Northern Ocean, that one
going thither actually leaves the pole-star a trifle behind to the
south.”

A Dutch skipper told Master Noxon, the hydrographer of Charles II.,
that he had himself sailed two degrees beyond the pole.

Maundeville says, in Prester John’s country is a sea of sand which
ebbs and flows in great waves without one drop of water. This sea,
says the knight of St. Alban’s, men find full of right good fish of
most delicious eating.

At the time of the discovery of America by Columbus, many marvellous
tales were rife in Spain. It was said that in one part of the coast of
El Nombre de Dios, the natives had such long ears that one ear served
for bed and the other for counterpane. This reminds one of Gwevyl mab
Gwestad, one of whose lips hung down to his waist, and the other
covered his head like a cowl. Another tale was that one of the crew of
Columbus had come across a people who lived on sweet scents alone, and
were killed by foul smells. This invention was hardly original,
inasmuch as both Plutarch and Pliny tell us of an Indian people who
lived on sweet odors, and Democrĭtos lived for several days on the
mere effluvia of hot bread. Another tale was that the noses of these
smell-feeders were so huge that their heads were all nose. We are also
told of one-eyed men; of men who carried their heads under one of
their arms; of others whose head was in their breast; of others who
were conquered, not by arms, but by their priests holding up before
them a little ivory crucifix--a sort of Christian version of the
taking of Jericho by the blast of the rams’ horns of the Levites in
the time of Joshua.

=Travels ... in Remote Nations=, by “Lemuel Gulliver.” He is first
shipwrecked and cast on the coast of Lilliput, a country of pygmies.
Subsequently he is thrown among the people of Brobdingnag, giants of
tremendous size. In his third expedition he is driven to Lapūta, an
empire of quack pretenders to science and knavish projectors. And in
his fourth voyage he visits the Houyhnhnms [_Whin´.n´me_], where
horses were the dominant powers.--Dean Swift (1726).

=Travers=, a retainer of the earl of Northumberland.--Shakespeare,
_Henry IV._ (1598).

_Travers_ (_Sir Edmund_), an old bachelor, the guardian and uncle of
Lady Davenant. He is a tedious gossip, fond of meddling, prosy, and
wise in his own conceit. “It is surprising,” he says, “how unwilling
people are to hear my stories. When in parliament I make a speech,
there is nothing but coughing, hemming, and shuffling of feet--no
desire of information.” By his instigation, the match was broken off
between his niece and Captain Dormer, and she was given in marriage to
Lord Davenant, but it turned out that his lordship was already
married, and his wife living.--Cumberland, _The Mysterious Husband_
(1783).

=Travia´ta=, an opera, representing the progress of a courtezan. Music
by Verdi, and libretto from _La Dame aux Came´lias_, a novel by
Alexandre Dumas _fils_ (1856).

=Treachery of the Long-Knives= (_The_). Hengist invited the chief
British nobles to a conference at Ambresbury, but arranged that a
Saxon should be seated beside each Briton. At the given signal, each
Saxon was to slay his neighbor with his long knife, and as many as 460
British nobles fell. Eidiol, earl of Gloucester escaped, after killing
seventy (some say 660) of the Saxons.--_Welsh Triads._

Stonehenge was erected by Merlin, at the command of Ambrosius, in
memory of the plot of the “Long-Knives.”... He built it on the site of
a former circle. It deviates from older bardic circles, as may be seen
by comparing it with Avebury, Stanton-Drew, Keswick, etc.--_Cambrian
Biography_, art. “Merddin.”

=Trecentisti=, the Italian writers of the “Trecento” (thirteenth
century). They were Dantê (1265-1321); Petrarch (1304-1374); Boccaccio
(1313-1375), who wrote the _Decameron_. Among the famous artists were
Giotto, Lorenzo Ghiberti, and Andre Orcagna. (See CINQUECENTO,
SEICENTO.)

In Italy he’d ape the Trecentisti.
Byron, _Don Juan_, iii. 86 (1820).

=Tree= (_The Bleeding_). One of the superstitous tales told of the
marquis of Argyll, so hated by the royalists for the part he took in
the execution of Montrose, was this: “That a tree on which thirty-six
of his enemies were hanged was immediately blasted, and when hewn
down, a copious stream of blood ran from it, saturating the earth, and
that blood for several years flowed out from the roots.”--Laing,
_History of Scotland_, ii. 11 (1800); _State Trials_, ii. 422.

_Tree_ (_The Poet’s_), a tree which grows over the tomb of Tan-Sein, a
musician at the court of [Mohammed] Akbar. Whoever chews a leaf of
this tree, will be inspired with a divine melody of voice.--W. Hunter.

His voice was as sweet as if he had chewed the leaves of that
enchanted tree, which grows over the tomb of the musician,
Tan-Sein.--Moore, _Lalla Rookh_ (1817).

_Tree_ (_The Singing_), a tree, each leaf of which was musical, and
all the leaves joined together in delightful harmony.--_Arabian
Nights_ (“The Story of the Sisters who envied their Younger Sister”).

In the _Fairy Tales_ of the Comtesse D’Aunoy, there is a similar tale
of a tree which bore “the singing apple,” but whoever ate of this
fruit received the inspiration of poetry as well.--“Cherry and
Fairstar.”

=Tregeagle=, the giant of Dosmary Pool, on Bodmin Downs (Cornwall).
When the wintry winds blare over the downs, it is said to be the giant
howling.

=Trelawny Ballad= (_The_), is by the Rev. R. S. Hawker, of
Morwenstow.--_Notes and Queries_, 441 (June, 1876).

=Tremor= (_Sir Luke_), a desperate coward, living in India, who made
it a rule never to fight, either in his own house, his neighbor’s
house, or in the street. This prudent desperado is everlastingly
snubbing his wife. (See TRIPPET.)

_Lady Tremor_, daughter of a grocer, and grandchild of a wig-maker.
Very sensitive on the subject of her plebeian birth, and wanting to be
thought a lady of high family.--Mrs. Inchbald, _Such Things Are_
(1786).

=Tremydd ap Tremhidydd=, the man with the keenest sight of all
mortals. He could discern “a mote in the sunbeam in any of the four
quarters of the world.” Clustfein ap Clustfeinydd was no less
celebrated for his acuteness of hearing, “his ear being distressed by
the movement of dew, in June, over a blade of grass.” The meaning of
these names is, “Sight, the son of Seer,” and “Ear, the son of
Hearer.”--_The Mabinogion_ (“Notes to Geraint,” etc., twelfth
century).

=Trenmor=, great-grandfather of Fingal, and king of Morven (north-west
of Scotland). His wife was Inibaca, daughter of the king of Lochlin or
Denmark.--Ossian, _Fingal_, vi.

In _Temora_, ii. he is called the first king of Ireland, and father of
Conar.

=Trent= (_Fred_), the scapegrace brother of little Nell. “He was a
young man of one and twenty, well-made, and certainly handsome, but
dissipated, and insolent in air and bearing.” The mystery of Fred
Trent and little Nell is cleared up in ch. lxix.--C. Dickens, _The Old
Curiosity Shop_ (1840).

=Tres= (_Scriptores_): Richardus Corinensis, or Richard of Cirencester
(fourteenth century); Gildus Badonicus; and Nennius Banchorensis;
published by Professor Bertram (1757).

=Tresham= (_Mr._), senior partner of Mr. Osbaldistone, Sr.--Sir W.
Scott, _Rob Roy_ (time, George I.).

_Tresham_ (_Richard_), same as General Witherington, who first appears
as Matthew Middlemas.

_Richard Tresham_, the son of General Witherington. He is also called
Richard Middlemas.--Sir W. Scott, _The Surgeon’s Daughter_ (time,
George II.).

_Tresham_ (_Thorold, Lord_), head of a noble family, whose boast was,
that “no blot had ever stained their ’scutcheon,” though the family
ran back into pre-historic times. He was a young, unmarried man, with
a sister, Mildred, a girl of 14, living with him. His near neighbor,
Henry, earl of Mertoun, asked permission to pay his addresses to
Mildred, and Thorold accepted the proposal with much pleasure. The old
warrener next day told Thorold he had observed for several weeks that
a young man climbed into Mildred’s chamber at night-time, and he would
have spoken before, but did not like to bring his young mistress into
trouble. Thorold wrung from his sister an acknowledgement of the fact,
but she refused to give up the name, yet said she was quite willing to
marry the earl. This Thorold thought would be dishonorable, and
resolved to lie in wait for the unknown visitor. On his approach,
Thorold discovered it was the earl of Mertoun, and he slew him, then
poisoned himself, and Mildred died of a broken heart.--Robert
Browning, _A Blot on the ’Scutcheon_.

=Tressilian= (_Edmund_), the betrothed of Amy Robsart. Amy marries the
earl of Leicester, and is killed by falling into a deep pit, to which
she has been cruelly inveigled.--Sir W. Scott, _Kenilworth_ (time,
Elizabeth).

=Tre´visan= (_Sir_), a knight to whom Despair gave a hempen rope, that
he might go and hang himself.--Spenser, _Faëry Queen_, i. (1590).

=Tribulation= [WHOLESOME], a pastor of Amsterdam, who thinks “the end
will sanctify the means,” and uses “the children of perdition” to
promote his own object, which he calls the “work of God.” He is one of
the dupes of Subtle, “the alchemist,” and his factotum, Face.--Ben
Jonson, _The Alchemist_ (1610).

=Tribune of the People= (_The_), John Bright (1811-1889).

=Tricolor=, the national badge of France since 1789. It consists of
the Bourbon _white_ cockade, and the _blue and red_ cockade of the
city of Paris combined. It was Lafayette who devised this symbolical
union of king and people, and when he presented it to the nation,
“Gentlemen,” said he, “I bring you a cockade that shall make a tour of
the world.” (See STORNELLO VERSES.)

If you will wear a livery, let it at least be that of the city of
Paris--blue and red, my friends.--Dumas, _Six Years Afterwards_, xv.
(1846).

=Tricoteuses de Robespierre= (_Les_), Robespierre’s Knitters. During
the sittings of the Convention and at those of the popular Clubs and
the Revolutionary Tribunal, certain women were always seen knitting.
Encouraged by the rabble they carried their insolence so far that they
were called the Furies of the Guillotine. They disappeared with the
Jacobins.--Bouillet, _Dict. Universel_.

=Triermain= (_The Bridal of_), a poem by Sir Walter Scott, in four
cantos, with introduction and conclusion (1813). In the introduction,
Arthur is represented as the person who tells the tale to Lucy, his
bride. Gyneth, a natural daughter of King Arthur and Guendŏlen, was
promised in marriage to the bravest knight in a tournament; but she
suffered so many combatants to fall, without awarding the prize, that
Merlin threw her into an enchanted sleep, from which she was not to
wake till a knight as brave as those who had fallen claimed her in
marriage. After the lapse of 500 years, Sir Roland de Vaux, baron of
Triermain, undertook to break the spell, but had first to overcome
four temptations, viz., fear, avarice, pleasure and ambition. Having
come off more than conqueror, Gyneth awoke and became his bride.

=Trifal´di= (_The countess_), called “The Afflicted Duenna” of the
Princess Antonomasia (heiress to the throne of Candaya). She was
called Trifaldi from her robe, which was divided into three triangles,
each of which was supported by a page. The face of this duenna was, by
the enchantment of the giant, Malambru´no, covered with a large, rough
beard, but when Don Quixote mounted Clavilēno, the Winged, “the
enchantment was dissolved.”

The renowned knight, Don Quixote de la Mancha, hath achieved the
adventure merely by attempting it. Malambruno is appeased, and the
chin of the Dolorida dueña is again beardless.--Cervantes, _Don
Quixote_, II. iii. 4, 5 (1615).

=Trifal´din= of the “Bushy Beard” (white as snow), the gigantic squire
of “The Afflicted Duenna,” the Countess Trifaldi.--Cervantes, _Don
Quixote_, II. iii. 4 (1615).

=Trifle= (_Miss Penelopé_), an old maiden sister of Sir Penurious
Trifle. Stiff as a ramrod, prim as fine airs and graces could make
her, fond of long words, and delighting in phrases modelled in true
Johnsonian ponderosity.

_Trifle_ (_Miss Sukey_), daughter of Sir Penurious, tricked into
marriage with Mr. Hartop, a young spendthrift, who fell in love with
her fortune.

⁂ Sir Penurious Trifle is not introduced, but Hartop assumes his
character, and makes him fond of telling stale and pointless stories.
He addresses Sir Gregory as “you knight.”--Foote, _The Knights_
(1754).

=Trim= (_Corporal_), Uncle Toby’s orderly. Faithful, simple-minded and
most affectionate. Voluble in speech, but most respectful. Half
companion, but never forgetting he is his master’s servant. Trim is
the duplicate of Uncle Toby in delf. The latter at all times shows
himself the officer and the gentleman, born to command and used to
obedience, while the former always carries traces of the drillyard,
and shows that he has been accustomed to receive orders with
deference, and to execute them with military precision. It is a great
compliment to say that the corporal was worthy such a noble
master.--Sterne, _The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy_ (1759).

=Trimalchi=, a celebrated cook in the reign of Nero, mentioned by
Petronius. He had the art of giving to the most common fish the flavor
and appearance of the best. Like Ude, in our own day, he said that
“sauces are the soul of cookery, and cookery the soul of festivity,”
or, as the cat’s-meat man observed, “’tis the seasonin’ as does it.”

=Trin´culo=, a jester.--Shakespeare, _The Tempest_ (1609).

A miscarriage ... would (like the loss of Trinculo’s bottle in the
horse-pond) be attended not only with dishonor but with infinite
loss.--Sir W. Scott.

=Trin´ket= (_Lord_), a man of fashion and a libertine.

He is just polite enough to be able to be very unmannerly, with a
great deal of good breeding; is just handsome enough to make him
excessively vain of his person; and has just reflection enough to
finish him for a coxcomb; qualifications ... very common among ... men
of quality.--G. Colman, _The Jealous Wife_, ii. (1761).

=Tri´nobants=, people of Trinoban´tium, that is, Middlesex and Essex.
Their chief town was Trin´ovant, now _London_.

So eastward where by Thames the Trinobants were set,
To Trinovant their town ... That London now we term ...
The Saxons ... their east kingdom called [_Essex_].
Drayton, _Polyolbion_, xvi. (1613).

=Trinquet=, one of the seven attendants of Fortunio. His gift was that
he could drink a river and be thirsty again. “Are yon always thirsty?”
asked Fortunio. “No,” said the man, “only after eating salt meat or
upon a wager.”--Comtesse D’Aunoy, _Fairy Tales_ (“Fortunio,” 1682).

=Trip to Scarborough= (_A_), a comedy by Sheridan (1777), based on
_The Relapse_, by Vanbrugh (1697). Lord Foppington goes to Scarborough
to marry Miss Hoyden, daughter of Sir Tunbelly Clumsy, but his
lordship is not known personally to the knight and his daughter. Tom
Fashion, younger brother of Lord Foppington, having been meanly
treated by his elder brother, resolves to outwit him; so, passing
himself off as Lord Foppington, he gets introduced to Sir Tunbelly,
and marries Miss Hoyden before the rightful claimant appears. When at
length Lord Foppington arrives he is treated as an impostor, till Tom
Fashion explains the ruse. As his lordship behaves contumeliously to
the knight, matters are easily arranged, Lord Foppington retires, and
Sir Tunbelly accepts Tom Fashion as his son-in-law with good grace.

=Tripe= (1 _syl._), the nickname of Mrs. Hamilton, of Covent Garden
Theatre (1730-1788).

=Triple Alliance= (_The_).

1. A treaty between Great Britain, Sweden, and the United Provinces,
in 1668, for the purpose of checking the ambition of Louis XIV.

2. A treaty between George I. of England, Philip, duke of Orleans,
regent of France, and the United Provinces, for the purpose of
counteracting the plans of Alberoni, the Spanish minister, 1717.

=Trippet= (_Beau_), who “pawned his honor to Mrs. Trippet never to
draw sword in any cause,” whatever might be the provocation. (See
TREMOR.)

_Mrs. Trippet_, the beau’s wife, who “would dance for four and twenty
hours together,” and play cards for twice that length of
time.--Garrick, _The Lying Valet_ (1740).

=Tripping as an Omen.=

When Julius Cæsar landed at Adrumētum, in Africa, he happened to trip
and fall on his face. This would have been considered a fatal omen by
his army, but, with admirable presence of mind, he exclaimed, “Thus
take I possession of thee, O Africa!”

A similar story is told of Scipio. Upon his arrival in Africa, he also
happened to trip, and, observing that his soldiers looked upon this as
a bad omen, he clutched the earth with his two hands, and cried aloud,
“Now, Africa, I hold thee in my grasp!”--_Don Quixote_, II. iv. 6.

When William the Conqueror leaped on shore at Bulverhythe, he fell on
his face, and a great cry went forth that the omen was unlucky; but
the duke exclaimed, “I take seisin of this land with both my hands!”

The same story is told of Napoleon in Egypt; of King Olaf, son of
Harald, in Norway; of Junius Brutus, who, returning from the oracle,
fell on the earth, and cried, “’Tis thus I kiss thee, mother Earth!”

When Captain Jean Cœurpreux tripped in dancing at the Tuileries,
Napoleon III. held out his hand to help him up, and said, “Captain,
this is the second time I have seen you fall. The first was by my side
in the field of Magenta.” Then, turning to the lady, he added, “Madam,
Captain Cœurpreux is henceforth commandant of my Guards, and will
never fall in duty or allegiance, I am persuaded.”

=Trismegistus= (“_thrice greatest_”), Hermês, the Egyptian
philosopher, or Thoth, councillor of Osīris. He invented the art of
writing in hieroglyphics, harmony, astrology, magic, the lute and
lyre, and many other things.

=Tris´sotin=, a _bel esprit_. Philaminte (3 _syl._), a _femme
savante_, wishes him to marry her daughter, Henriette, but Henriette
is in love with Clitandre. The difficulty is soon solved by the
announcement that Henriette’s father is on the verge of bankruptcy,
whereupon Trissotin makes his bow and retires.--Molière, _Les Femmes
Savantes_ (1672).

Trissotin is meant for the Abbé Crotin, who affected to be poet,
gallant and preacher. His dramatic name was “Tricotin.”

=Tristram= (_Sir_), son of Sir Meliŏdas, king of Li´onês, and
Elizabeth, his wife (daughter of Sir Mark, king of Cornwall). He was
called Tristram (“sorrowful”) because his mother died in giving him
birth. His father also died when Tristram was a mere lad (pt. ii. 1).
He was knighted by his uncle, Mark (pt. ii. 5), and married Isond _le
Blanch Mains_, daughter of Howell, king of Britain (_Brittany_); but
he never loved her, nor would he live with her. His whole love was
centered on his aunt, La Belle Isond, wife of King Mark, and this
unhappy attachment was the cause of numberless troubles, and
ultimately of his death. La Belle Isond, however, was quite as
culpable as the knight, for she herself told him, “My measure of hate
for Mark is as the measure of my love for thee;” and when she found
out that her husband would not allow Sir Tristram to remain at
Tintag´il Castle, she eloped with him, and lived three years at Joyous
Guard, near Carlisle. At length she returned home, and Sir Tristram
followed her. His death is variously related. Thus the _History of
Prince Arthur_ says:

When, by means of a treaty, Sir Tristram brought again La Belle Isond
unto King Mark from Joyous Guard, the false traitor, King Mark, slew
the noble knight as he sat harping before his lady, La Belle Isond,
with a sharp-ground glaive, which he thrust into him from behind his
back.--Pt. iii. 147 (1470).

Tennyson gives the tale thus: He says that Sir Tristram, dallying with
his aunt, hung a ruby carcanet round her throat; and, as he kissed her
neck:

Out of the dark, just as the lips had touched,
Behind him rose a shadow and a shriek--
“Marks way!” said Mark, and clove him thro’ the brain.
Tennyson, _Idylls_ (“The Last Tournament”).

Another tale is this: Sir Tristram was severely wounded in Brittany,
and sent a dying request to his aunt to come and see him. If she
consented, a white flag was to be hoisted on the mast-head of her
ship; if not, a black one. His wife told him the ship was in sight,
displaying a black flag, at which words the strong man bowed his head
and died. When his aunt came ashore and heard of his death, she flung
herself on the body, and died also. The two were buried in one grave,
and Mark planted over it a rose and a vine, which became so interwoven
it was not possible to separate them.

⁂ Sir Launcelot, Sir Tristram and Sir Lamorake were the three bravest
and best of the 150 knights of the Round Table, but were all equally
guilty in their amours: Sir Launcelot with the queen; Sir Tristram
with his aunt, King Mark’s wife; and Sir Lamorake with his aunt, King
Lot’s wife.

=Tristram’s Horse=, Passetreûl, or Passe Brewell. It is called both,
but one seems to be a clerical error.

(Passe Brewell is in Sir T. Malory’s _History of Prince Arthur_, ii.
68).

_History of Sir Tristram or Tristan._ The oldest story is by Gotfrit
of Strasbourg, a minnesinger (twelfth century), entitled _Tristan and
Isolde_. It was continued by Ulrich of Turheim, by Heinrich of
Freyburg, and others, to the extent of many thousand verses. The tale
of Sir Tristram, derived from Welsh traditions, was versified by
Thomas the Rhymer, of Erceldoune.

The second part of the _History of Prince Arthur_, compiled by Sir T.
Malory, is almost exclusively confined to the adventures of Sir
Tristram, as the third part is to the adventures of Sir Launcelot, and
the quest of the Holy Graal (1470).

Matthew Arnold has a poem entitled _Tristram_; and R. Wagner, in 1865,
produced his opera of _Tristan and Isolde_.

See Michel, _Tristan; Recueil de ce qui reste des Poèmes relatifs à
ses Aventures_ (1835).

=Tristrem l’Hermite=, provost-marshal of France, in the reign of Louis
XI. Introduced by Sir W. Scott in _Quentin Durward_ (1823), and in
_Anne of Geierstein_ (1829).

=Tritheim= (_J_), chronicler and theologian of Treves, elected abbot
of Spanheim at the age of 22 years. He tried to reform the monks, but
produced a revolt, and resigned his office. He was then appointed
abbot of Würzburg (1462-1516).

Old Tritheim, busied with his class the while.
R. Browning, _Paracelsus_, i. (1836).

=Triton=, the sea-trumpeter. He blows through a shell to rouse or
allay the sea. A post-Hesiodic fable.

Have sight of Proteus coming from the sea,
Or hear old Triton blow his wreathed horn.
Wordsworth.

=Triumvirate= (_The_), in English history: The duke of Marlborough,
controlling foreign affairs, Lord Godolphin, controlling council and
parliament, and the duchess of Marlborough, controlling the court and
queen.

=Triumvirate of England=, (_The_): Gower, Chaucer, and Lydgate, poets.

=Triumvirate of Italian Poets= (_The_): Dantê, Boccaccio, and
Petrarch.

Boccaccio wrote poetry, without doubt, but is now chiefly known as
“The Father of Italian Prose.” These three are more correctly called
the “Trecentisti” (_q.v._).

=Triv´ia=, Diana; so called because she had three faces, Luna in
Heaven, Diana on earth, and Hecate in Hell.

The noble Brutus went wise Trivia to inquire,
To show them where the stock of ancient Troy to place.
M. Drayton, _Polyolbion_, i. (1612).

=Trog´lodytes= (3 _or_ 4 _syl._). According to Pliny (_Nat. Hist._, v.
8), the Troglodytes lived in caves under ground, and fed on serpents.
In modern parlance, we call those who live so secluded as not to be
informed of the current events of the day, _troglodytes_. Longfellow
calls _ants_ by the same name.

[_Thou the_] nomadic tribes of ants
Dost persecute and overwhelm
These hapless troglodytes of thy realm.
Longfellow, _To a Child_.

_Troglody´tes_ (4 _syl._), one of the mouse heroes in the battle of
the frogs and mice. He slew Pelĭon, and was slain by Lymnoc´haris.

The strong Lymnocharis, who viewed with ire
A victor triumph, and a friend expire;
With heaving arms, a rocky fragment caught,
And fiercely flung where Troglodytês fought ...
Full on his sinewy neck the fragment fell,
And o’er his eyelids, clouds eternal dwell.
Parnell, _Battle of the Frogs and Mice_ (about 1712).

=Troil= (_Magnus_), the old udaller of Zetland.

_Brenda Troil_, the udaller’s younger daughter. She marries Mordaunt
Mertoun.

_Minna Troil_, the udaller’s elder daughter. In love with the
pirate.--Sir W. Scott, _The Pirate_ (time, William III.).

(A udaller is one who holds his lands by allodial tenure.)

=Tro´ilus= (3 _syl._), a son of Priam, king of Troy. In the picture
described by Virgil (_Æneid_, i. 474-478), he is represented as having
thrown down his arms and fleeing in his chariot, not equal to meeting
Achilles; he is pierced with a lance, and, having fallen backwards,
still holding the reins, the lance with which he is transfixed
“scratches the sand over which it trails.”

In the _Troilus and Creseide_ of Chaucer, and the _Troilus and
Cressida_ of Shakespeare, we have a story unknown to classic fiction.
Chaucer pretends to take it from Lollius, but who Lollius was, has
never been discovered. In this story Troilus falls in love with
Cressid, daughter of the priest Chalchas, and Pandărus is employed as
a go-between. After Troilus has obtained a promise of marriage from
the priest’s daughter, an exchange of prisoners is arranged, and
Cressid, falling to the lot of Diomed, prefers her new master to her
Trojan lover.

Chaucer’s _Troilus and Creseide_ is not one of the _Canterbury Tales_,
but quite an independent one, in five books. It contains 8246 lines,
nearly 3000 of which are borrowed from the _Filostrato_ of Boccaccio.

=Trois Chapitres= (_Les_), or THE THREE CHAPTERS, three theological
works on the “Incarnation of Christ and His dual nature.” The authors
of these “chapters” are Theodore of Mopsuestia, Theodoret of Cyrrhus,
and Ibas of Edessa. The work was condemned in 553 as heretical.

=Trois Echelles=, executioner.--Sir W. Scott, _Quentin Durward_ and
_Anne of Geierstein_ (time Edward IV.).

=Trojan=, a good boon companion, a plucky fellow or man of spirit.
Gadshill says, “There are other Trojans [_men of spirit_] that ... for
sport sake are content to do the profession [_of Thieving_] some
grace.” So in _Love’s Labor’s Lost_ “Unless you play the honest
Trojan, the poor wench is cast away” (unless you are a man of
sufficient spirit to act honestly, the girl is ruined).

“He is a regular Trojan,” means he is _un brave homme_, a capital
fellow.

=Trompart=, a lazy but wily-witted knave, grown old in cunning. He
accompanied Braggadoccio as his squire (bk. ii. 3), but took to his
heels when Talus shaved the master, “reft his shield,” blotted out his
arms, and broke his sword in twain. Being overtaken, Talus gives him a
sound drubbing (bk. v. 3).--Spenser, _Faëry Queen_ (1590-6).

=Trondjem’s Cattle= (_Remember the bishop of_), _i.e._, look sharp
after your property; take heed, or you will suffer for it. The story
is, that a certain bishop of Trondjem [_Tron´.yem_] lost his cattle by
the herdsmen taking his eyes off them to look at an elk. Now this elk
was a spirit, and when the herdsman looked at the cattle again they
were no bigger than mice; again he turned towards the elk, in order to
understand the mystery, and while he did so, the cattle all vanished
through a crevice into the earth.--Miss Martineau, _Feats on the
Fiord_ (1839).

=Tropho´nios=, the architect of the temple of Apollo, at Delphi. After
death he was worshipped, and had a famous cave near Lebadia, called
“The Oracle of Trophonios.”

The month of this cave was three yards high and two wide. Those who
consulted the oracle had to fast several days, and then to descend a
steep ladder till they reached a narrow gullet. They were then seized
by the feet, and dragged violently to the bottom of the cave, where
they were assailed by the most unearthly noises, howlings, shrieks,
bellowings, with lurid lights and sudden glares, in the midst of which
uproar and phantasmagoria the oracle was pronounced. The votaries were
then seized unexpectedly by the feet, and thrust out of the cave
without ceremony. If any resisted, or attempted to enter in any other
way, he was instantly murdered.--Plutarch, _Lives_.

=Trotley= (_Sir John_), an old-fashioned country gentleman, who
actually prefers the obsolete English notions of domestic life,
fidelity to wives and husbands, modesty in maids, and constancy in
lovers, to the foreign free and easy manners which allow married
people unlimited freedom, and consider licentiousness _bon
ton_.--Garrick, _Bon Ton_ (1776). (See PRIORY.)

=Trotter= (_Job_), servant to Alfred Jingle. A sly, canting rascal,
who has at least the virtue of fidelity to his master. Mr. Pickwick’s
generosity touches his heart, and he shows a sincere gratitude to his
benefactor.--C. Dickens, _The Pickwick Papers_ (1836).

_Trotter_ (_Nelly_) fishwoman at old St. Ronan’s.--Sir W. Scott, _St.
Ronan’s Well_ (time, George III.).

=Trotters=, the Punch and Judy showman; a little, good-natured,
unsuspicious man, very unlike his misanthropic companion, Thomas
Codlin, who played the panpipes, and collected the money.

His real name was Harris, but it had gradually merged into Trotters,
with the prefatory adjective “Short,” by reason of the small size of
his legs. Short Trotters, however, being a compound name, inconvenient
in friendly dialogue, he was called either Trotters or Short, and
never Short Trotters, except on occasions of ceremony.--C. Dickens,
_The Old Curiosity Shop_, xvii. (1840).

=Trotty=, the sobriquet of Toby Veck, ticket-porter and jobman.

They called him Trotty from his pace, which meant speed, if it didn’t
make it. He could have walked faster, perhaps; most likely; but rob
him of his trot, and Toby would have taken to his bed and died. It
bespattered him with mud in dirty weather; it cost him a world of
trouble; he could have walked with infinitely greater ease; but that
was one reason for his clinging to his trot so tenaciously. A weak,
small, spare old man; he was a very Herculês, this Toby, in his good
intentions.--C. Dickens, _The Chimes_, i. (1844).

=Trotwood= (_Betsey_), usually called “Miss Betsey,” great aunt of
David Copperfield. Her idiosyncrasy was donkeys. A dozen times a day
would she rush on the green before her house to drive off the donkeys,
and donkey-boys. She was a most kind-hearted, worthy woman, who
concealed her tenderness of heart under a snappish austerity of
manner. Miss Betsey was the true friend of David Copperfield. She
married in her young days a handsome man, who ill-used her, and ran
away, but preyed on her for money till he died.--C. Dickens, _David
Copperfield_ (1849).

=Trouil´logan=, a philosopher, whose advice was, “Do as you like.”
Panurge asked the sage if he advised him to marry. “Yes,” said
Trouillogan. “What say you?” asked the prince. “Let it alone,” replied
the sage. “Which would you advise?” inquired the prince. “Neither,”
said the sage. “Neither?” cried Panurge; “that cannot be.” “Then
both,” replied Trouillogan. Panurge then consulted several others, and
at last the oracle of the Holy Bottle.--Rabelais, _Pantagruel_, iii.
35 (1545).

Molière has introduced this joke in his _Marriage Forcé_ (1664).
Sganarelle asks his friend Géronimo, if he would advise him to marry,
and he answers “No.” “But,” says the old man, “I like the young
woman.” “Then marry her, by all means.” “That is your advice?” says
Sganarelle. “My advice is, do as you like,” says the friend.
Sganarelle next consults two philosophers, then some gypsies, then
declines to marry, and is at last compelled to do so, _nolens volens_.

=Trovato´re= (4 _syl._), or “The Troubadour” in Manrico, the supposed
son of Azuce´na, the gypsy, but in reality, the son of Garzia (brother
of the conte di Luna). The Princess Leono´ra falls in love with the
troubadour, but the count, entertaining a base passion for her, is
about to put Manrico to death, when Leonora intercedes on his behalf,
and promises to give herself to him, if he will spare her lover. The
count consents; but while he goes to release his captive Leonora kills
herself by sucking poison from a ring. When Manrico discovers this sad
calamity, he dies also.--Verdi, _Il Trovatore_ (1853).

(This opera is based on the drama of _Gargia Guttierez_, a fifteenth
century story.)

=Troxartas= (3 _syl._), king of the mice, and father of Psycarpax, who
was drowned. The word means “bread-eater.”

Fix their counsel ...
Where great Troxartas crowned in glory reigns ...
Psycarpax’ father, father now no more!
Parnell, _Battle of the Frogs and Mice_, i. (about 1712).

=Trudge=, in _Love in a Bottle_, by Farquhar (1698).

=True Thomas=, Thomas the Rhymer. So called from his prophecies, the
most noted of which was his prediction of the death of Alexander III.
of Scotland, made to the earl of March. It is recorded in the
_Scotichronĭcon_ of Fordun (1430).

=Trueworth=, brother of Lydia, and friend of Sir William Fondlove.--S.
Knowles, _The Love-Chase_ (1837).

=Trull= (_Dolly_). Captain Macheath says of her, “She is always so
taken up with stealing hearts, that she does not allow herself time to
steal anything else” (act ii. 1).--Gay, _The Beggar’s Opera_ (1727).

=Trulla=, the daughter of James Spenser, a Quaker. She was first
dishonored by her father, and then by Simeon Wait (_or_ Magna´no), the
tinker.

He Trulla loved, Trulla more bright
Than burnished armor of her knight,
A bold virago, stout and tall
As Joan of France or English Mall.
S. Butler, _Hudibras_, i. 2 (1663).

=Trul´liber= (_Parson_), a fat clergyman; ignorant, selfish, and
slothful.--Fielding, _The Adventures of Joseph Andrews_ (1742).

Parson Barnabas, Parson Trulliber, Sir Wilful Witwould, Sir Francis
Wronghead, Squire Western, Squire Sullen; such were the people who
composed the main strength of the Tory party for sixty years after the
Revolution.--Macaulay.

⁂ “Sir Wilful Witwould,” in _The Way of the World_, by Congreve; “Sir
Francis Wronghead,” in _The Provoked Husband_, by C. Cibber; “Squire
Western,” in _Tom Jones_, by Fielding; “Squire Sullen,” in _The Beaux’
Stratagem_, by Farquhar.

=Trunnion= (_Commodore Hawser_), a one-eyed naval veteran, who has
retired from the service in consequence of injuries received in
engagements; but he still keeps garrison in his own house, which is
defended with drawbridge and ditch. He sleeps in a hammock, and makes
his servants sleep in hammocks, as on board ship, takes his turn on
watch, and indulges his naval tastes in various other ways. Lieutenant
Jack Hatchway is his companion. When he went to be married, he rode on
a hunter which he steered like a ship, according to the compass,
tacking about, that he might not “go right in the wind’s eye.”--T.
Smollett, _The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle_ (1750).