Chapter III: Part 3

_Syrupus Cimicifugae Compositus (Syr. Cimicif. Co.), Compound Syrup of Cimicifuga, N.F._ (Syrupus Actaeae Compositus, N.F. III, Compound Syrup of Actaea).--Fluidextract of cimicifuga (4%), fluidextract of senega (2%), fluidextract of ipecac (1%), fluidextract of glycyrrhiza, wild cherry, sugar and water. Absolute alcohol content about 5 per cent.

USES: Complex expectorant.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_Tinctura Cimicifugae (Tr. Cimicif.), Tincture of Cimicifuga, N.F._--Cimicifuga (20%) in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 90 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

=*Cinchona (Cinch.), Cinchona, U.S.P.= (Yellow Cinchona, Calisaya Bark, Yellow Peruvian Bark).--Yields not less than 5 per cent. of alkaloids.

ACTION AND USES: Astringent bitter tonic.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).

_Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum and Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum et Hypophosphitum._--See under =Quininae Sulphas=.

_Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum et Ferri._--See under =Ferri Phosphas=.

_Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum, Ferri, Bismuthi et Strychninae and Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum, Ferri et Strychninae._--See under =Strychninae Sulphas=.

_Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum, Ferri et Bismuthi._--See under =Bismuthi et Sodii Tartras=.

_Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum, Ferri et Calcii Lactophosphatis._--See under =Calcii Lactophosphas=.

_Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum, Ferri et Pepsini._--See under =Pepsinum=.

_Extractum Cinchonae (Ext. Cinchon.), Extract of Cinchona, N.F._--A hydroalcoholic extract diluted with glucose, yielding about 24 per cent. of cinchona alkaloids.

DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Cinchonae (Fldext. Cinchon.), Fluidextract of Cinchona, U.S.P._--Cinchona (100%) yielding about 4.5 per cent. of alkaloids. Absolute alcohol content about 65 per cent.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.).

_Fluidextractum Cinchonae Aquosum (Fldext. Cinchon. Aq.), Aqueous Fluidextract of Cinchona, N.F._--Cinchona (100%), yielding about 5 per cent. of alkaloids. Absolute alcohol content about 12 per cent.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).

_Infusum Cinchonae (Inf. Cinchon.), Infusion of Cinchona, N.F._--Cinchona (6%), aromatic sulphuric acid (1%) and water.

DOSAGE: 50 Cc. or 12 fluidrachms (N.F.).

_*Tinctura Cinchonae (Tr. Cinch.), Tincture of Cinchona, U.S.P._--Cinchona (20%), yielding about 0.9 per cent. of alkaloids; in alcohol, glycerin and water. Absolute alcohol content about 63 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).

=Cinchona Rubra (Cinch. Rub.), Red Cinchona, U.S.P.= (Red Peruvian Bark).--Yields not less than 5 per cent. of alkaloids.

ACTION AND USES: Identical with those of cinchona.
Used as ingredient of the compound tincture of cinchona.

_*Tinctura Cinchonae Composita (Tr. Cinch. Co.), Compound Tincture of Cinchona, U.S.P._--Red cinchona (10%), yielding about 0.45 per cent. of cinchona alkaloids, serpentaria (2%) and bitter orange peel, in glycerin, alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 64 per cent.

USES: Aromatic astringent bitter, of high alcoholic
content; superfluous.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).

=Cinchonidinae Sulphas (Cinchonid. Sulph.), Cinchonidine Sulphate, U.S.P.=--The sulphate of the alkaloid cinchonidine, obtained from cinchona bark.

White, glistening, odorless needles with a very bitter taste.
Soluble in water (1:65) and in alcohol (1:90).

ACTION AND USES: Formerly used as a cheap substitute
for quinine sulphate, over which it possesses no advantage,
being less efficient and more convulsant.

DOSAGE: 0.15 Gm. or 2-1/2 grains (U.S.P.).

=Cinchoninae Sulphas (Cinchonin. Sulph.), Cinchonine Sulphate, U.S.P.=--The sulphate of the alkaloid cinchonine, obtained from cinchona bark.

White, lustrous, odorless crystals with a very bitter taste.
Soluble in water (1:60) and in alcohol (1:12.5).

ACTION AND USES: Similar to those of cinchonidine
sulphate.

DOSAGE: 0.15 Gm. or 2-1/2 grains (U.S.P.).

=*Cinnamomum Saigonicum (Cinnam. Saigon.), Saigon Cinnamon, U.S.P.=--A bark.

ACTION AND USES: Carminative, antiseptic, somewhat
astringent, occasionally administered in diarrhea.

DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.), in powder.

_Fluidextractum Aromaticum (Fldext. Aromat.), Aromatic Fluidextract, U.S.P._--Aromatic powder (100%), extracted with alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 80 per cent.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.).

_Pulvis Aromaticus (Pulv. Arom.), Aromatic Powder, U.S.P._--Saigon cinnamon, Jamaica ginger, cardamom seed and nutmeg.

USES: Carminative.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).

_Pulvis Cretae Aromaticus (Pulv. Cret. Arom.), Aromatic Powder of Chalk, N.F._--Saigon cinnamon, nutmeg, clove, cardamom seed, prepared chalk and sugar.

USES: Antidiarrheic.

DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).

_Syrupus Cinnamomi (Syr. Cinnam.), Syrup of Cinnamon, N.F._--Saigon cinnamon, alcohol and syrup.

USES: Flavoring vehicle.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_Tinctura Aromatica (Tr. Arom.), Aromatic Tincture, N.F._--Saigon cinnamon, Jamaica ginger, galangal, clove, cardamom seed, extracted with a mixture of alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 63 per cent.

USES: Aromatic carminative, complex and without special
advantage over other carminatives, as, for instance,
tincture of cardamom.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).

_Tinctura Cinnamomi (Tr. Cinnam.), Tincture of Cinnamon, U.S.P._--Saigon cinnamon in alcohol, glycerin and water. Absolute alcohol content about 63 per cent.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).

=Cinnamomum Zeylanicum (Cinnam. Zeylan.), Ceylon Cinnamon, U.S.P.=--A bark.

ACTION AND USES: Same as those of Saigon cinnamon.

DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.)

=*Cocaina (Cocain.), Cocaine, U.S.P.=--An alkaloid obtained from coca leaves.

Large colorless prisms or a white powder; odorless. Slightly
soluble in water (1:600) and freely soluble in alcohol (1:6.5) and
in chloroform (1:0.7).

ACTION AND USES: A local anesthetic, paralyzing the
peripheral sensory nerves and also contracting the blood
vessels. Acute systemic poisoning is often caused by its
local use on mucous membranes. Stimulant to the central
nervous system, but such use is inadvisable because of
danger of habit-formation.

DOSAGE: 0.015 Gm. or 1/4 grain (U.S.P.).

_Oleatum Cocainae (Oleat. Cocain.), Oleate of Cocaine, N.F._--Cocaine (5%) in alcohol, oleic acid and olive oil.

=*Cocainae Hydrochloridum (Cocain. Hydrochl.), Cocaine Hydrochloride, U.S.P.= (Cocaine Chloride, Cocainum Hydrochloricum, P.I.).

Colorless crystals, flaky leaflets or a white powder; odorless.
Freely soluble in water (1:0.4) and in alcohol (1:3.2), and soluble
in chloroform (1:12.5). Incompatible with borax, mercuric chloride,
alkalies and alkali carbonates, phenol, tannic acid, mercuric
oxide, and soluble silver salts.

ACTION AND USES: Local anesthetic.

DOSAGE: 0.015 Gm. or 1/4 grain (U.S.P.). For local anesthesia in 0.2
to 1.0 per cent. solution when used hypodermatically, and in 1 to 4
per cent. solution when applied to mucous membranes.

=Cocculus Indicus (Coccul. Ind.), Cocculus Indicus, N.F.= (Fish Berry, Indian Berry).--A fruit.

ACTION AND USES: Source of picrotoxin. An alcoholic
extract has been used for destroying pediculi.

_Tinctura Cocculi Indici (Tr. Coccul. Ind.), Tincture of Cocculus Indicus, N.F._--Cocculus indicus (10%) in diluted alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 45 per cent.

=Coccus (Coccus), Cochineal, U.S.P.=--A dried insect.

ACTION AND USES: Coloring agent.

_Liquor Cocci (Liq. Cocci), Cochineal Color, N.F._--A glycerin-alcohol-water solution of cochineal.

=Cocillana (Cocillan.), Cocillana, N.F.=--A bark.

ACTION AND USES: Nauseant expectorant, similar to but
without advantage over ipecac. The proprietary syrup
contains heroin.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Cocillanae (Fldext. Cocillan.), Fluidextract of Cocillana, N.F._--Cocillana (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).

=*Codeina (Codein.), Codeine, U.S.P.= (Methylmorphine).--An alkaloid obtained from opium, or prepared from morphine by methylation.

Colorless, translucent prisms or a white powder; odorless. Slightly
soluble in water (1:120) and freely soluble in alcohol (1:2) and in
chloroform (1:0.5).

ACTION AND USES: Analgesic, hypnotic and sedative. It
is perhaps the best modification of morphine for use in
coughs. As compared with morphine it is less constipating
and less apt to induce a drug habit. The phosphate and
sulphate are preferred for hypodermic use.

DOSAGE: 0.03 Gm. or 1/2 grain (U.S.P.).

_Elixir Terpini Hydratis et Codeinae (Elix. Terpin. Hyd. et Codein.), Elixir of Terpin Hydrate and Codeine, N.F._--Codeine (0.2%) and elixir of terpin hydrate. Absolute alcohol content about 42 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.). This dose contains
about 0.008 Gm. or 1/8 grain of codeine, and about
0.07 Gm. or 1-1/6 grains of terpin hydrate.

=*Codeinae Phosphas (Codein. Phos.), Codeine Phosphate, U.S.P.=

White, odorless, efflorescent powder. Freely soluble in water
(1:2.3) and slightly soluble in alcohol (1:325).

ACTION AND USES: Same as those of codeine; preferred
for hypodermic use.

DOSAGE: 0.03 Gm. or 1/2 grain (U.S.P.).

=*Codeinae Sulphas (Codein. Sulph.), Codeine Sulphate, U.S.P.=

White, odorless, efflorescent crystals or powder. Soluble in water
(1:30) and very slightly soluble in alcohol (1:1280).

ACTION AND USES: Same as those of codeine. Preferred
for hypodermic injections.

DOSAGE: 0.03 Gm. or 1/2 grain (U.S.P.).

_Syrupus Codeinae (Syr. Codein.), Syrup of Codeine, N.F._--Codeine sulphate (0.2%) and syrup.

USES: Superfluous.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.)

=Coffea Tosta (Coff. Tost.), Coffee, N.F.= (Roasted Coffee).

ACTION AND USES: Beverage and flavor.

_Fluidextractum Coffeae (Fldext. Coff.), Fluidextract of Coffee, N.F._ (Fluidextractum Coffeae Tostae, N.F. III).--Coffee (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 20 per cent.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).

=Colchici Cormus (Colch. Corm.), Colchicum Corm, U.S.P.= (Colchicum Root).--Yields not less than 0.35 per cent. of colchicine.

ACTION AND USES: Said to be antineuralgic and analgesic;
frequently used in the treatment of acute gouty
attacks and to some extent to ward off such attacks. Full
doses produce watery stools and abdominal pains.

DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.), in pills; or
preferably as the tincture.

_Extractum Colchici Cormi (Ext. Colch. Corm.), Extract of Colchicum Corm, U.S.P._ (Powdered Extract of Colchicum Corm).--One Gm. extract represents 4 Gm. colchicum corm and yields about 1.4 per cent. of colchicine.

DOSAGE: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain (U.S.P.).

_Fluidextractum Colchici Cormi (Fldext. Colch. Corm.), Fluidextract of Colchicum Corm, N.F._--Colchicum corm (100%), yielding about 0.35 per cent. of colchicine. Absolute alcohol content about 55 per cent.

DOSAGE: 0.2 Cc. or 3 minims (N.F.).

_Vinum Colchici Cormi (Vin. Colchic. Corm.), Wine of Colchicum Corm, N.F._--Colchicum corm (40%) yielding about 0.14 per cent. of colchicine, in alcohol and sherry wine. Absolute alcohol content about 30 per cent.

DOSAGE: 0.6 Cc. or 10 minims (N.F.).

=*Colchici Semen (Colch. Sem.), Colchicum Seed, U.S.P.= (Colchici Semen P.I.).--Yields not less than 0.45 per cent. of colchicine.

ACTION AND USES: Same as those of colchicum corm.

DOSAGE: 0.2 Gm. or 3 grains (U.S.P.).

_Fluidextractum Colchici Seminis (Fldext. Colch. Sem.), Fluidextract of Colchicum Seed, U.S.P._--Colchicum seed (100%), yielding about 0.4 per cent. of colchicine. Absolute alcohol content about 55 per cent.

DOSAGE: 0.2 Cc. or 3 minims (U.S.P.).

_*Tinctura Colchici Seminis (Tr. Colch. Sem.), Tincture of Colchicum Seed, U.S.P._ (Colchici Tinctura P.I.).--Colchicum seed (10%), yielding about 0.04 per cent. of colchicine; in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 56 per cent.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).

_Vinum Colchici Seminis (Vin. Colch. Sem.), Wine of Colchicum Seed, N.F._--Fluidextract of colchicum seed (10%), yielding about 0.04 per cent. of colchicine; in alcohol and sherry wine. Absolute alcohol content about 35 per cent.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).

=Colchicina (Colchicina), Colchicine, U.S.P.=--An alkaloid obtained from colchicum.

Pale yellow, odorless scales or powder. Freely soluble in alcohol,
soluble in water (1:22) and slightly soluble in ether (1:220).

ACTION AND USES: Same as those of colchicum corm.

DOSAGE: 0.5 mg. or 1/120 grain.

=COLLODIA, COLLODIONS.=--Collodions are solutions of pyroxylin or soluble gun cotton with medicinal agents, for external application. For the official collodions see under the names of the principal ingredients. In particular, for Collodium, see under =Pyroxylin=; for Collodium Flexible, under =Oleum Ricini=; and for Collodium Stypticum, under =Acidum Tannicum=.

=*Colocynthis (Colocyn.), Colocynth, U.S.P.= (Colocynth Pulp, Bitter Apple, Colocynth Apple).

ACTION AND USES: A powerful irritant hydragogue
cathartic. Because of its drastic nature it is rarely used
alone. The various compound pills listed below are needlessly
complex and therefore irrational. Because of their
irritant character, they are especially unsuited for continued
use.

DOSAGE: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain.

_*Extractum Colocynthidis (Ext. Colocynth.), Extract of Colocynth, U.S.P._ (Powdered Extract of Colocynth).--One Gm. of extract represents 4 Gm. of colocynth.

DOSAGE: 0.015 Gm. or 1/4 grain (U.S.P.).

_*Extractum Colocynthidis Compositum (Ext. Colocynth. Co.), Compound Extract of Colocynth, U.S.P._ (Powdered Compound Extract of Colocynth).--Extract of colocynth (16%), aloes (50%), resin of scammony (14%), cardamom seed and soap.

DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).

_Pilulae Catharticae Compositae (Pil. Cathart. Co.), Compound Cathartic Pills, U.S.P._--Each pill contains compound extract of colocynth (0.08 Gm. or 1-1/3 grains), mild mercurous chloride (0.06 Gm. or 1 grain), resin of jalap (0.02 Gm. or 1/3 grain) and gamboge (0.015 Gm. or 1/4 grain).

DOSAGE: 2 pills (U.S.P.).

_Pilulae Catharticae Vegetabiles (Pil. Cathart. Veget.), Vegetable Cathartic Pills, N.F._--Each pill contains compound extract of colocynth (0.06 Gm. or 1 grain), extract of hyoscyamus (0.03 Gm. or 1/2 grain), resin of jalap (0.02 Gm. or 1/3 grain), extract of leptandra and resin of podophyllum (each 0.015 Gm. or 1/4 grain) with oil of peppermint.

DOSAGE: 2 pills (N.F.).

_Pilulae Colocynthidis Compositae (Pil. Colocynth. Co.), Compound Pills of Colocynth, N.F._ (Pilulae Cocciae, Cochia Pills).--Each pill contains extract of colocynth (0.011 Gm. or 1/6 grain), aloes and resin of scammony (each 0.13 Gm. or 2 grains), with oil of clove.

DOSAGE: 1 pill (N.F.).

_Pilulae Colocynthidis et Hyoscyami (Pil. Colocynth. et Hyoscy.), Pills of Colocynth and Hyoscyamus, N.F._--Each pill contains extract of colocynth (0.0065 Gm. or 1/10 grain), aloes, resin of scammony and extract of hyoscyamus (each 0.097 Gm. or 1-1/2 grains) and oil of clove.

DOSAGE: 1 pill (N.F.).

_Pilulae Colocynthidis et Podophylli (Pil. Colocynth. et Podoph.), Pills of Colocynth and Podophyllum, N.F._--Each pill contains compound extract of colocynth (0.162 Gm. or 2-1/2 grains) and resin of podophyllum (0.016 Gm. or 1/4 grain) with syrup.

DOSAGE: 1 pill (N.F.).

_Pilulae Laxativae Post Partum (Pil. Lax. Post Part.), Post Partum Laxative Pills, N.F._ (Barker's Post Partum Pills).--Each pill contains compound extract of colocynth (0.11 Gm. or 1-2/3 grains), Socotrine aloes (0.055 Gm. or 7/8 grain), extract of nux vomica (0.025 Gm. or 2/5 grain), resin of podophyllum and ipecac (each 0.005 Gm. or 1/12 grain) and extract of hyoscyamus (0.008 Gm. or 1/8 grain).

DOSAGE: 1 pill (N.F.)

=Condurango (Conduran.), Condurango, N.F.=--A bark.

ACTION AND USES: Bitter stomachic, introduced especially
for cancer cachexia, but without advantage over
gentian.

DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Condurango (Fldext. Condurango), Fluidextract of Condurango, N.F._--Condurango (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

=CONFECTIONES, CONFECTIONS= (Conserves, Electuaries).--Soft, pasty solids consisting of active drugs mixed with sugar and honey.

=Conium (Conium), Conium, N.F.= (Poison Hemlock, _Conium maculatum_).--Unripe fruit.

ACTION AND USES: Source of coniine. Depresses the
motor system, but has no definite therapeutic indication.

DOSAGE: 0.2 Gm. or 3 grains (N.F.).

_Extractum Conii (Ext. Conii), Extract of Conium, N.F._--A hydro-alcoholic extract diluted with glucose, yielding about 2 per cent. of coniine.

DOSAGE: 0.03 Gm. or 1/2 grain (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Conii (Fldext. Conii), Fluidextract of Conium, N.F._--Conium (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.

DOSAGE: 0.2 Cc. or 3 minims (N.F.).

=Convallariae Flores (Convallar. Flor.), Convallaria Flowers, N.F.= (Lily-of-the-Valley Flowers).

ACTION AND USES: Believed to act as a cardiac tonic,
similar to digitalis, but unreliable.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Convallariae Florum (Fldext. Conval. Flor.), Fluidextract of Convallaria Flowers, N.F._ (Fluidextractum Convallariae, N.F. III).--Convallaria flowers (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 55 per cent.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (N.F.).

=Convallariae Radix (Convallar. Rad.), Convallaria Root, N.F.= (Lily-of-the-Valley Root).--Rhizome and roots.

ACTION AND USES: Same as the flowers.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Convallariae Radicis (Fldext. Conval. Rad.), Fluidextract of Convallaria Root, N.F._--Convallaria root (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (N.F.).

=*Copaiba (Copaib.), Copaiba, U.S.P.= (Balsam of Copaiba, Copaiva).--An oleoresin.

Pale yellow or brownish-yellow, viscid liquid, with an aromatic
odor and a persistent, bitter, acrid taste. Insoluble in water and
partly soluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: A mild but disagreeable irritant and
diuretic. Used especially in the treatment of gonorrhea,
but of doubtful efficiency. The copaiba mixtures as listed
below were formerly widely used, but are disagreeable,
irrational and usually inefficient.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.).

_Massa Copaibae (Mass. Copaib.), Mass of Copaiba, N.F._ (Solidified Copaiba).--Copaiba solidified by combination with magnesium oxide.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).

_Mistura Copaibae (Mist. Copaib.), Copaiba Mixture, N.F._ (Lafayette Mixture).--Copaiba (12.5%), spirit of nitrous ether (12.5%), compound tincture of lavender, solution of potassium hydroxide in syrup and mucilage of acacia. Absolute alcohol content about 20 per cent.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).

_Mistura Copaibae et Opii (Mist. Copaib. et Opii), Mixture of Copaiba and Opium, N.F._ (Chapman's Mixture).--Copaiba (25%), tincture of opium (3.2%), spirit of nitrous ether (25%), and compound tincture of lavender in mucilage of acacia and water. Absolute alcohol content about 29 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

=Coptis (Coptis), Coptis, N.F.= (Goldthread).--Plant.

ACTION AND USES: Bitter stomachic, possessing no
advantage over gentian.

DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Coptis (Fldext. Copt.), Fluidextract of Coptis, N.F._--Coptis (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).

=CORDIALES, CORDIALS.=--Cordials are sweetened alcoholic liquids

=Coriandrum (Coriand.), Coriander, U.S.P.= (Coriander Seeds).

ACTION AND USES: Aromatic and carminative

=Cornus (Corn.), Cornus, N.F.= (Dogwood Bark).--Bark of the root.

ACTION AND USES: Without definite indications for its
use; practically obsolete.

DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Corni (Fldext. Corni), Fluidextract of Cornus, N.F._--Cornus (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 35 per cent.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.)

=Corydalis (Coryd.), Corydalis, N.F.= (Turkey Corn, Squirrel Corn).--Tubers.

ACTION AND USES: Formerly exploited as antiluetic, but
useless and therefore harmful.

DOSAGE: 0.65 Gm. or 10 grains (N.F.).

_Elixir Corydalis Compositum (Elix. Coryd. Co.), Compound Elixir of Corydalis, N.F._--Fluidextract of corydalis, (6%), fluidextract of stillingia (6%), fluidextract of xanthoxylum (3%), fluidextract of blue flag (9%), potassium iodide (5%), alcohol and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.

ACTION AND USES: An irrational and harmful "alterative."

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Corydalis (Fldext. Corydal.), Fluidextract of Corydalis, N.F._--Corydalis (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 65 per cent.

DOSAGE: 0.65 Cc. or 10 minims (N.F.)

=Cotarninae Hydrochloridum (Cotarn. Hydrochl.), Cotarnine Hydrochloride, U.S.P.= (Cotarnine Chloride; Stypticin).

Yellow, odorless powder. Freely soluble in water and alcohol,
yielding yellow solutions.

ACTION AND USES: Used to check functional uterine
hemorrhage. The mechanism of its action has not been
explained, and its efficiency is somewhat questionable.

DOSAGE: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain (U.S.P.)

=Coumarinum (Coumar.), Coumarin, N.F.=

Colorless, fragrant crystals, with a bitter, burning taste.
Sparingly soluble in cold water; freely soluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Perfume and flavor

=Creosoti Carbonas (Creosot. Carb.), Creosote Carbonate, U.S.P.=--A mixture of the carbonates of various constituents of creosote, chiefly guaiacol and cresol.

An almost colorless, almost tasteless, odorless viscid liquid.
Insoluble in water; freely soluble in alcohol and miscible with
chloroform and benzin.

ACTION AND USES: Passes stomach unchanged; hence is
not a gastric irritant; decomposed in the intestines; used
as an intestinal antiseptic.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.)

=*Creosotum (Creosot.), Creosote, U.S.P.= (Creasote).--A mixture chiefly of guaiacol and cresol, obtained from wood-tar.

An almost colorless, oily liquid, with a penetrating, smoky odor,
and a burning, caustic taste. Slightly soluble in water, and
miscible with alcohol, ether or fixed or volatile oils.

ACTION AND USES: Antiseptic; formerly widely used as
an intestinal antiseptic and externally to some extent as
an antiseptic dressing.

DOSAGE: 0.25 Cc. or 4 minims (U.S.P.), in capsules.

_Aqua Creosoti (Aq. Creosot.), Creosote Water, U.S.P._--Creosote (1%) in water.

DOSAGE: 10 Cc. or 2-1/2 fluidrachms (U.S.P.).

_Petroxolinum Creosoti (Petrox. Creosot.), Creosote Petroxolin, N.F._ (Creosote Petrox).--Creosote (20%), oleic acid and liquid petroxolin.

=*Cresol (Cresol), Cresol, U.S.P.=--A mixture of isomeric cresols, C{6}H{4}(CH{3})OH. Obtained from coal tar.

Colorless, yellowish or brownish liquid, darkening with age and
exposure to light, and having a phenol-like odor. Soluble in water
(1:50), usually forming a cloudy solution, and miscible with
alcohol, ether, petroleum benzin or glycerin.

ACTION AND USES: Action similar to phenol. Used as
a disinfectant and antiseptic. Approximately four times as
germicidal as phenol, and no more toxic.

DOSAGE: 0.05 Cc. or 1 minim (U.S.P.).

_*Liquor Cresolis Compositus (Liq. Cresol. Co.), Compound Solution of Cresol, U.S.P._--Cresol (50%) with a potassium soap solution.

=Creta Praeparata (Cret. Praep.), Prepared Chalk, U.S.P.= (Drop Chalk).--A native calcium carbonate.

White, amorphous, odorless, tasteless powder. Almost insoluble in
water, insoluble in alcohol. Decomposed and dissolved by dilute
acids.

ACTION AND USES: Used internally as a mild alkali, as
antacid and against diarrhea.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.) as a powder or
in suspension.

_Mistura Cretae (Mist. Cret.), Chalk Mixture, U.S.P._--Compound chalk powder (20%) with cinnamon water and water.

DOSAGE: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (U.S.P.).

_Pulvis Cretae Aromaticus._--See under =Cinnamomum Saigonicum.=

_Pulvis Cretae Compositus (Pulv. Cret. Co.), Compound Chalk Powder, U.S.P._--Prepared chalk (30%), with acacia and sugar.

DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.)

=Crocus (Croc.), Crocus, N.F.= (Saffron).--Stigmas of the flowers.

ACTION AND USES: Yellow coloring agent without definite
therapeutic indications. Has been used as "stimulant
and antispasmodic."

_Tinctura Croci (Tr. Croc.), Tincture of Saffron, N.F._--Saffron (10%) in diluted alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 45 per cent.

=Cubeba (Cubeb.), Cubeb, U.S.P.= (Cubebs).--Fruit.

ACTION AND USES: Formerly much used internally as
antiseptic, diuretic and as a stimulant to the genito-urinary
membranes; also to some extent as a stimulating
expectorant. Probably of little value.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.). The oleoresin
is preferred.

_Fluidextractum Cubebae (Fldext. Cubeb.), Fluidextract of Cubeb, N.F._--Cubeb (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 80 per cent.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc or 15 minims (N.F.).

_Oleoresina Cubebae (Oleores. Cubeb.), Oleoresin of Cubeb, U.S.P._

DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.).

_Tinctura Cubebae (Tr. Cubeb.), Tincture of Cubeb, N.F._--Cubeb (20%) in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 90 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_Trochisci Cubebae (Troch. Cubeb.), Troches of Cubeb, U.S.P._--Each troche contains oleoresin of cubeb (0.02 Gm.) with oil of sassafras, extract of glycyrrhiza and acacia, flavored with syrup of tolu.

=*Cupri Sulphas (Cupr. Sulph.), Copper Sulphate, U.S.P.= (Cupric Sulphate).--CuSO{4} + 5H{2}O.

Blue, odorless crystals or powder with a metallic taste. Freely
soluble in water (1:2.5), and slightly soluble in alcohol (1:500).

ACTION AND USES: Astringent and in strong solutions
corrosive. In large doses a gastric and intestinal irritant
producing violent vomiting and purging. Considered one of
the best antidotes in phosphorus poisoning.

DOSAGE: Emetic, 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).

_Mistura Adstringens (Mist. Adstring.), Astringent Mixture, N.F._ (Mistura Adstringens et Escharotica, N.F. III, Villate's Mixture).--A needlessly complex mixture containing the acetates and sulphates of copper and zinc in dilute acetic acid solution with lead sulphate in suspension.

=Cypripedium (Cypriped.), Cypripedium, N.F.= (Lady Slipper Root).--Rhizome and roots.

ACTION AND USES: No definite indications for its use.
Has been described as "tonic, stimulant and diaphoretic."

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).

_Fluidextractum Cypripedii (Fldext. Cypriped.), Fluidextract of Cypripedium, N.F._--Cypripedium (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).

=Damiana (Damiana), Damiana, N.F.= (Turnera).--Leaves.

ACTION AND USES: Ingredient of "lost manhood" nostrums;
mildly irritant, but otherwise probably inert.

DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Damianae (Fldext. Damian.), Fluidextract of Damiana, N.F._ (Fluidextractum Turnerae, N.F. III).--Damiana (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).

=DECOCTA, DECOCTIONS.=--Aqueous preparations made by boiling drugs in water and straining. They must be freshly made from the drugs.

=Delphinium (Delphin.), Larkspur Seed, N.F.=

ACTION AND USES: Preparations are used externally to
destroy pediculi of the hair and of the pubic region.

_Tinctura Delphinii (Tr. Delphin.), Tincture of Larkspur, N.F._--Larkspur seed (10%) in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 90 per cent.

=Dextrinum Album (Dext. Alb.), White Dextrin, N.F.=--A variable mixture of soluble carbohydrates with unconverted starch.

White, odorless powder, with a sweetish taste. Partly soluble in
cold water; completely soluble in three parts of water on boiling.

ACTION AND USES: Substitute for acacia and other gums.

_Pasta Dextrinata (Past. Dextrin.), Dextrinated Paste, N.F._--White dextrin (33%) in glycerin (33%) and water.

USES: Basis for dermatologic pastes

=Diacetylmorphina (Diacetylmorph.), Diacetylmorphine, U.S.P.= (Acetomorphine, Heroin).--An alkaloid prepared from morphine by acetylization.

White, odorless powder. Very slightly soluble in water (1:1700) and
soluble in alcohol (1:31) and in chloroform (1:1.4).

ACTION AND USES: Used as a respiratory sedative to
relieve cough. With few exceptions, generally contraindicated
in pulmonary tuberculosis. Like morphine, but
more toxic and less valuable for the relief of pain. Is
habit-forming. See =Morphina=.

DOSAGE: 0.003 Gm. or 1/20 gr. (U.S.P.).

=Diacetylmorphinae Hydrochloridum (Diacetylmorph. Hydrochl.), Diacetylmorphine Hydrochloride, U.S.P.= (Diacetylmorphine Chloride; Heroin Hydrochloride).

White, odorless, bitter powder. Freely soluble (1:2) in water and
soluble in alcohol (1:11).

DOSAGE: 0.003 Gm. or 1/20 grain (U.S.P.).

_Elixir Terpini Hydratis et Diacetylmorphinae (Elix. Terpin. Hyd. et Diacetylmorph.), Elixir of Terpin Hydrate and Diacetylmorphine, N.F._ (Elixir Terpini Hydratis cum Heroina N.F. III).--Diacetylmorphine hydrochloride (0.027%) and elixir of terpin hydrate. Absolute alcohol content about 42 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.). This dose contains
about 0.001 Gm. or 1/60 grain of diacetylmorphine
hydrochloride, and about 0.07 Gm. or 1-1/6 grains of terpin
hydrate.

=Diastasum (Diastasum), Diastase, U.S.P.=--A mixture containing amylolytic enzymes from malt.

Yellowish-white, odorless, tasteless powder or scales. Soluble in
water; almost insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: May be mixed with starchy foods to
assist their conversion into sugar.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.).

=*Digitalis (Digit.), Digitalis, U.S.P.= (Foxglove, Digitalis Leaves, Digitalis Folium P.I.).

ACTION AND USES: Direct cardiac stimulant and diuretic.
Used in cardiac decompensation. Most effective when the
heart action is rapid and very irregular (auricular fibrillation).
Effective in the treatment of edema only when
the latter is due to impaired circulation. Very likely to
cause disturbance of gastro-intestinal tract.

DOSAGE: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain (U.S.P.). Physicians
are advised to specify preparations which have been biologically
assayed.

_Fluidextractum Digitalis (Fldext. Digital.), Fluidextract of Digitalis, U.S.P._--Digitalis (100%). May be biologically assayed by producing death in the frog. Absolute alcohol content about 70 per cent.

DOSAGE: 0.05 Cc. or 1 minim (U.S.P.).--Physicians
should specify the biologically assayed fluidextract.

_*Infusum Digitalis (Inf. Digit.), Infusion of Digitalis, U.S.P._--Digitalis (1.5%), cinnamon water and water. This is an effective form of digitalis, but has no advantage over tinctures of proper potency, and is not so conveniently standardized.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).

_Pilulae Digitalis, Scillae et Hydrargyri (Pil. Digit. Scill. et Hydrarg.), Pills of Digitalis, Squill and Mercury, N.F._ (Niemeyer Pills for Dropsy, Guy's Pills).--Each pill contains digitalis, squill and mass of mercury (each 0.065 gm. or 1 grain) with clarified honey.

USES: Popular but needlessly complex cardiac diuretic.

DOSAGE: 1 pill (N.F.).

_*Tinctura Digitalis (Tr. Digit.), Tincture of Digitalis, U.S.P._ (Digitalis Tinctura P.I.).--Digitalis (10%) in alcohol and water. May be biologically assayed by producing death in frogs. Absolute alcohol content about 70 per cent.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (U.S.P.). Physicians
should specify the biologically assayed tincture.

=Dioscorea (Dioscor.), Dioscorea, N.F.= (Wild Yam Root, Colic Root).--Rhizome.

ACTION AND USES: No established indications for its use;
formerly used in the treatment of "abdominal irritation."

DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Dioscoreae (Fldext. Dioscor.), Fluidextract of Dioscorea, N.F._--Dioscorea (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 70 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

=Drosera (Droser.), Drosera, N.F.= (Sundew).--Flowering plant.

ACTION AND USES: No established indications for its
use (formerly used in respiratory diseases).

DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Droserae (Fldext. Droser.), Fluidextract of Drosera, N.F._--Drosera (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 55 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

=Dulcamara (Dulcam.), Bittersweet, N.F.=--Stems and branches.

ACTION AND USES: No established indications for its
use. Formerly used as "alterative."

DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Dulcamarae (Fldext. Dulcam.), Fluidextract of Bittersweet, N.F._--Bittersweet (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. of fluidrachm (N.F.).

=Echinacea (Echin.), Echinacea, N.F.=--Rhizome and roots.

ACTION AND USES: The claims for this drug as an
"alterative" and antisyphilitic are extravagant and unwarranted.
There are no established indications for its use.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Echinaceae (Fldext. Echin.), Fluidextract of Echinacea, N.F._--Echinacea (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 70 per cent.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).

=*Elaterinum (Elaterin.), Elaterin, U.S.P.=--A neutral principle obtained from the squirting cucumber. The commercial product is variable and may at times be practically inert.

White, odorless powder, with a slightly acrid, bitter taste.
Insoluble in water; slightly soluble in alcohol (1:325).

ACTION AND USES: One of the most powerful and
irritant of hydragogue cathartics, causing profuse watery
evacuations.

DOSAGE: 0.003 Gm. or 1/20 grain.

_Trituratio Elaterini (Trit. Elaterin.), Trituration of Elaterin, U.S.P._--Elaterin (10%).

DOSAGE: 0.03 Gm. or 1/2 grain (U.S.P.).

=ELIXIRIA, ELIXIRS.=--Elixirs are sweetened, aromatic, alcoholic liquids similar to cordials. In the administration of an elixir, the effects due to its alcohol content should be borne in mind. The statements of alcohol content of elixirs in this volume refer to percentage of absolute alcohol by volume.

For the various elixirs, see under the names of the principal constituents. For Elixir Aromaticum, Elixir Aromaticum Rubrum and Elixir Glycyrrhizae (Elixir Adjuvans), see under =Alcohol=; for Elixir Catharticum Compositum, see under =Frangula=; for Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum and Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum et Hypophosphitum, see under =Quininae Sulphas=; for Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum et Ferri, see under =Ferri Phosphas=; for Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum, Ferri, Bismuthi et Strychninae and Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum, Ferri et Strychninae, see under =Strychninae Sulphas=; for Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum, Ferri et Bismuthi, see under =Bismuthi et Sodii Tartras=; for Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum, Ferri et Calcii Lactophosphatis, see under =Calcii Lactophosphas=; for Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum, Ferri et Pepsini, see under =Pepsinum=; for Elixir Ferri, Quininae et Strychninae, and Elixir Gentianae et Ferri, see under =Ferri Citro-Chloridum=; for Elixir Formatum and Elixir Formatum Compositum, see under =Acidum Formicum=; for Elixir Gentianae et Ferri Phosphatis, see under =Ferri Phosphas=; for Elixir Glycerophosphatum Compositum, see under =Sodii Glycerophosphas=; for Elixir Hypophosphitum, see under =Calcii Hypophosphis=; for Elixir Hypophosphitum et Ferri, see under =Ferri Hypophosphis=; for Elixir Pepsini, Bismuthi et Strychninae, see under =Strychnina=; for Elixir Terpini Hydratis et Codeinae, see under =Codeina=; for Elixir Terpini Hydratis et Diacetylmorphinae, see under =Diacetylmorphinae Hydrochloridum=; for Elixir Trium Bromidorum, see under =Ammonii Bromidum=.

=*Emetinae Hydrochloridum (Emet. Hydrochl.), Emetine Hydrochloride, U.S.P.=--The hydrochloride of the alkaloid emetine, obtained from ipecac.

White, or nearly white, odorless powder, darkening on exposure to
light. Freely soluble in water or alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Given hypodermically. An effective
treatment of amebic dysentery and other amebic diseases.

DOSAGE: 0.03 Gm. or 1/2 grain.

=EMPLASTRA, PLASTERS.=--Plasters are solid preparations for external use, serving either as simple adhesives or for the conveyance of drugs. The commercial spread plasters have largely displaced the extemporaneously prepared product. For the various plasters see under the names of the principal constituents. For Emplastrum Elasticum, see under =Resina=; for Emplastrum Fuscum Camphoratum, see under =Camphora=; for Emplastrum Plumbi, see under =Plumbi Oxidum=.

=EMULSA, EMULSIONES, EMULSIONS.=--Emulsions are aqueous preparations in which oils or resins are suspended by means of mucilaginous substances.

For the official emulsions see under the names of the respective oils and resins.

=*Ergota (Ergot.), Ergot, U.S.P.= (Secale Cornutum, P.I., Ergot of Rye, Spurred Rye).--

ACTION AND USES: Causes powerful tonic, sometimes
tetanic contraction of the uterus and of the bloodvessel
walls. Checks postpartum hemorrhage by contracting
the uterus. Used for excessive menstrual flow and as a
circulatory stimulant. Has also been tried but without
success in a great variety of other diseases.

DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.).

_Extractum Ergotae (Ext. Ergot.), Extract of Ergot, U.S.P._--A pilular extract of ergot. Probably does not contain some of the valuable constituents of ergot (the alkaloids).

DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).

_Extractum Ergotae Aquosum (Ext. Ergot. Aq.), Aqueous Extract of Ergot, N.F._ (Ergoti Extractum P.I.).--A purified aqueous extract.

DOSAGE: 0.2 Gm. or 3 grains (N.F.).

_*Fluidextractum Ergotae (Fldext. Ergot.), Fluidextract of Ergot, U.S.P._ (Secalis Cornuti Extractum Fluidum, P.I.).--Ergot (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).

_Tinctura Ergotae Ammoniata (Tr. Ergot. Ammon.), Ammoniated Tincture of Ergot, N.F._--Ergot (25%), ammonia water (10%) in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

=Eriodictyon (Eriodict.), Eriodictyon, U.S.P.= (Yerba Santa).--Yerba santa leaves.

ACTION AND USES: Said to be expectorant. Its most
remarkable property is its power of masking the taste of
quinine.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains.

_Elixir Eriodictyi Aromaticum (Elix. Eriodict. Arom.), Aromatic Elixir of Eriodictyon, N.F._ (Aromatic Elixir of Yerba Santa, Elixir Corrigens).--Fluidextract of eriodictyon (6%), compound elixir of taraxacum (about 44%) and syrup. Absolute alcohol content about 16 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Eriodictyi (Fldext. Eriodict.), Fluidextract of Eriodictyon, U.S.P._--Eriodictyon (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 70 per cent.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.).

_Syrupus Eriodictyi Aromaticus (Syr. Eriodict. Arom.), Aromatic Syrup of Eriodictyon, N.F._ (Aromatic Syrup of Yerba Santa, Syrupus Corrigens).--Fluidextract of eriodictyon, solution of potassium hydroxide, compound tincture of cardamom, oils of sassafras, lemon and clove, alcohol and syrup. Absolute alcohol content about 8 per cent.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).

=*Eucalyptol (Eucalyptol), Eucalyptol, U.S.P.= (Cineol).--A constituent of the volatile oil of eucalyptus.

A colorless liquid with a characteristic odor and a pungent taste,
producing a cooling sensation in the mouth. Very slightly soluble
in water but miscible with alcohol and chloroform and fixed or
volatile oils.

ACTION AND USES: Employed as a local stimulant, antiseptic
and deodorant, largely as a constituent of inhalations,
particularly oily sprays.

DOSAGE: 0.3 Cc. or 5 minims (U.S.P.).

_Nebula Eucalyptolis (Nebul. Eucalyptol.), Eucalyptol Spray, N.F._--Eucalyptol (5%) in light liquid petrolatum.

_Petroxolinum Eucalyptolis (Petrox. Eucalyptol.), Eucalyptol Petroxolin, N.F._ (Eucalyptol Petrox).--Eucalyptol (20%) in liquid petrolatum.

=*Eucalyptus (Eucalypt.), Eucalyptus, U.S.P.= (Eucalyptus Leaves, Blue Gum Leaves).

ACTION AND USES: Principally those of the volatile oil.
Not used as such.

_Fluidextractum Eucalypti (Fldext. Eucalypt.), Fluidextract of Eucalyptus, U.S.P._--Eucalyptus (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).

=Eugenol (Eugenol), Eugenol, U.S.P.=--A constituent of oil of clove.

A nearly colorless, thin liquid, with a strong odor of cloves and a
pungent, spicy taste.

ACTION AND USES: Same as those of oil of cloves, over
which it has no material advantage.

DOSAGE: 0.2 Cc. or 3 minims.

=Euonymus (Euonym.), Euonymus, N.F.= (Wahoo Bark).--Bark of the root.

ACTION AND USES: Obsolete cathartic; toxic digitalis
effects. Caution: The uncertain absorption of this drug
makes its use inadvisable.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains.

_Extractum Euonymi (Ext. Euonym.), Extract of Euonymus, N.F._ (Powdered Extract of Euonymus).--A hydroalcoholic extract, 1 Gm. representing the water-alcohol-soluble constituents of 4 Gm. of euonymus.

DOSAGE: 0.125 Gm. or 2 grains (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Euonymi (Fldext. Euonym.), Fluidextract of Euonymus, N.F._--Euonymus (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 70 per cent.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims. (N.F.).

=Eupatorium (Eupator.), Eupatorium, N.F.= (Boneset, Thoroughwort).--Leaves and flowering tops.

ACTION AND USES: Domestic diaphoretic "tea." No
established indications for its use.

DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Eupatorii (Fldext. Eupator.), Fluidextract of Eupatorium, N.F._--Eupatorium (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).

=Euphorbia Pilulifera (Euphorb. Pilul.), Euphorbia Pilulifera, N.F.= (Pill Bearing Spurge).--Entire flowering plant.

ACTION AND USES: Irritant; formerly used in respiratory
diseases, but without established indications.

DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Euphorbiae Piluliferae (Fldext. Euphorb. Pilul.), Fluidextract of Euphorbia Pilulifera, N.F._--Euphorbia pilulifera (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).

=EXTRACTA, EXTRACTS= (Solid Extracts).--Soft, solid (pilular extracts) or powdered (powdered extracts) preparations made by evaporating a solution of the soluble ingredients of vegetable or animal drugs at a low temperature. Powdered extracts are often made from the solid extracts by the addition of inert material. The strength of most extracts is four times that of the drug. For the various official extracts see under the names of the respective drugs.

=Farfara (Farfar.), Coltsfoot, N.F.= (Coltsfoot Leaves, Tussilago Leaves).

ACTION AND USES: Demulcent expectorant; no advantage
over linseed.

DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm.

=*Fel Bovis (Fel Bovis), Oxgall, U.S.P.=

A brownish-green or dark green, somewhat viscid liquid, with a
peculiar odor and a disagreeable, bitter taste.

ACTION AND USES: Used in the form of the extract as
intestinal antiseptic, cholagogue and laxative.

_*Extractum Fellis Bovis (Ext. Fel. Bov.), Extract of Oxgall, U.S.P._ (Powdered Extract of Oxgall).--One Gm. of extract represents 8 Gm. of oxgall.

DOSAGE: 0.1 Gm. or 1-1/2 grains.

* * * * *

Note:--_The prescribing of iron can be greatly simplified without sacrificing anything of real value, if physicians will confine themselves to the starred preparations._

* * * * *

=Ferri Acetas, Ferric Acetate.=--Fe(C{2}H{3}O{2}){3}.

_Liquor Ferri Acetatis (Liq. Ferr. Acet.), Solution of Ferric Acetate, N.F._--Contains anhydrous ferric acetate, Fe(C{2}H{3}O{2}){3} (about 31%), corresponding to about 7.5 per cent. metallic iron, Fe.

DOSAGE: 0.3 Cc. or 5 minims (N.F.).

_Liquor Ferri et Ammonii Acetatis._--See under =Ammonii Acetas.=

=*Ferri Carbonas, Ferrous Carbonate.=--FeCO{3}.

_*Massa Ferri Carbonatis (Mass. Ferr. Carb.), Mass of Ferrous Carbonate, U.S.P._ (Vallet's Mass).--Contains FeCO{3} (35%) with sugar and honey.

DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).

_Mistura Ferri Composita (Mist. Ferr. Co.), Compound Iron Mixture, N.F._ (Griffith's Mixture).--Ferrous carbonate (obtained by decomposing 0.6% ferrous sulphate with potassium carbonate), sugar, myrrh, spirit of lavender and rose water.

DOSAGE: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (N.F.).

_*Pilulae Ferri Carbonatis (Pil. Ferr. Carb.), Pills of Ferrous Carbonate, U.S.P._ (Chalybeate Pills, Blaud's Pills, Ferruginous Pills).--Each pill contains FeCO{3} (0.06 Gm. or 1 grain).

USES: Convenient and effective form of iron.

DOSAGE: 2 pills (U.S.P.).

=Ferri Carbonas Saccharatus (Ferr. Carb. Sacch.), Saccharated Ferrous Carbonate, U.S.P.=--Ferrous carbonate, FeCO{3} (not less than 15%) preserved with sugar.

A greenish-brown, odorless powder, with a taste at first sweetish,
afterward ferruginous.

ACTION AND USES: Hematinic, like other iron salts;
practically non-astringent and non-irritating.

DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.)

=*Ferri Chloridum (Ferr. Chlor.), Ferric Chloride, U.S.P.= (Iron Perchloride, Sesquichloride of Iron).--Ferric chloride, FeCl{3}, with water of hydration.

Orange-yellow crystalline deliquescent pieces, odorless, and with a
strongly styptic taste. Very soluble in water (1:0.2); freely
soluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Used in the form of the tincture of
ferric chloride as an astringent, especially as an application
to the throat. Also hematinic, but relatively irritant.

_Gossypium Stypticum (Gossyp. Stypt.), Styptic Cotton, N.F._--Purified cotton, impregnated with ferric chloride.

_Liquor Ferri Chloridi (Liq. Ferr. Chlor.), Solution of Ferric Chloride, U.S.P._ (Solution of Iron Perchloride).--FeCl{3} (about 10.5%).

DOSAGE: 0.1 Cc. or 1-1/2 minims.

_*Tinctura Ferri Chloridi (Tr. Ferr. Chlor.), Tincture of Ferric Chloride, U.S.P._--Ferric chloride (about 13%) corresponding to not less than 4.48 per cent. of iron, Fe. Made by diluting a solution of ferric chloride (35%) with alcohol. Absolute alcoholic content about 63 per cent.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (U.S.P.).

_Tinctura Ferri Chloridi Aetherea (Tr. Ferr. Chlor. Aeth.), Ethereal Tincture of Ferric Chloride, N.F._ (Bestuscheff's Tincture, Lamotte's Drops).--Solution of ferric chloride (6%) and ether (25%) in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 65 per cent.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.)

=Ferri Citras, Ferric Citrate=

_Liquor Ferri Citratis (Liq. Ferr. Cit.), Solution of Ferric Citrate, N.F._--Contains ferric citrate corresponding to not less than 7.25 per cent. metallic iron, Fe.

DOSAGE: 0.6 Cc. or 10 minims (N.F.).

=Ferri Citro-Chloridum, Iron Citro-Chloride=

_Elixir Ferri, Quininae et Strychninae (Elix. Ferr. Quin. et Strych.), Elixir of Iron, Quinine and Strychnine, N.F._--Tincture of ferric citro-chloride (12.5%), quinine hydrochloride (0.875%), strychnine sulphate (0.0175%), compound spirit of orange, glycerin and water. Absolute alcohol content about 25 per cent.

USES: A popular but irrational "tonic."

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_Elixir Gentianae et Ferri (Elix. Gent. et Ferr.), Elixir of Gentian and Iron, N.F._ (Elixir of Gentian with Tincture of Ferric Citro-Chloride).--Tincture of ferric citro-chloride (10%) and elixir of gentian. Absolute alcohol content about 20 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_Tinctura Ferri Citro-Chloridi (Tr. Ferr. Citro-Chlor.), Tincture of Ferric Citro-Chloride, N.F._ (Tasteless Tincture of Ferric Chloride, Tasteless Tincture of Iron).--A tincture of a complex iron salt, containing about 4 per cent. of iron (Fe) and rendered non-styptic by the presence of a citrate. Made from solution of ferric chloride (35%), sodium citrate (44%), alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 15 per cent.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (N.F.).

=*Ferri et Ammonii Citras (Ferr. et Ammon. Cit.), Iron and Ammonium Citrate, U.S.P.= (Soluble Ferric Citrate, Ammonio-Ferric Citrate).--Iron citrate rendered more readily soluble by the presence of ammonium citrate. Contains about 17 per cent. of iron, Fe.

Thin, transparent, garnet-red, odorless scales, with a saline,
mildly ferruginous taste. Readily and completely soluble in water;
insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Hematinic, practically non-astringent.
Has the general properties of iron salts.

DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains.

_Vinum Ferri (Vin. Ferr.), Wine of Iron, N.F._ (Wine of Citrate of Iron).--Iron and ammonium citrate (4%) in tincture of sweet orange peel, syrup, and sherry wine. Absolute alcohol content about 20 per cent.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).

=Ferri et Quininae Citras (Ferr. et Quin. Cit.), Iron and Quinine Citrate, U.S.P.= (Ferri et Quininae Citras Solubilis, U.S.P. VIII, Soluble Iron and Quinine Citrate).--Iron citrate and quinine citrate rendered more soluble by the presence of ammonium citrate. Contains not less than 13 per cent. of iron, Fe.

Thin, transparent, deliquescent, greenish or golden yellow,
odorless scales, with a bitter, mildly ferruginous taste. Rapidly
and completely soluble in cold water, partly soluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Used as a bitter iron tonic. Of doubtful value.

DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains.

_Vinum Ferri Amarum (Vin. Ferr. Amar.), Bitter Wine of Iron, N.F._--Iron and quinine citrate (5%) in tincture of sweet orange peel, syrup and sherry wine. Absolute alcohol content about 17 per cent.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.)

=Ferri Glycerophosphas (Ferr. Glycerophos.), Ferric Glycerophosphate, N.F.= (Ferric Glycerinophosphate).

Yellowish-green scales or powder, odorless and nearly tasteless.
Freely soluble in water (1:2) and insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Reputed "tonic," but without advantage over the
ordinary iron salts.

DOSAGE: 0.2 Gm. or 3 grains.

=Ferri Hydroxidum, Ferric Hydroxide.=

_Ferri Hydroxidum cum Magnesii Oxido (Ferr. Hydrox. cum Mag. Oxid.), Ferric Hydroxide with Magnesium Oxide, U.S.P._ (Arsenic Antidote, Ferric Hydrate with Magnesia).--A dilute solution of ferric sulphate and a mixture of magnesium oxide with water, kept in separate bottles. When mixed, they yield ferric hydroxide.

USES: Antidote for arsenic.

DOSAGE: 120 Cc. or 4 fluidounces.

_Magma Ferri Hydroxidi (Magm. Ferr. Hydrox.), Ferric Hydroxide Magma, N.F._ (Ferri Hydroxidum, U.S.P. VIII, Ferric Hydroxide).--A suspension of ferric hydroxide in water.

=Ferri Hypophosphis (Ferr. Hypophos.), Ferric Hypophosphite, N.F.=

White or grayish white, odorless and nearly tasteless powder. Very
slightly soluble in water (1:2300); insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Reputed "tonic," but without advantage
over the ordinary iron salts.

DOSAGE: 0.2 Gm. or 3 grains.

_Elixir Ferri Hypophosphitis (Elix. Ferr. Hypophos.), Elixir of Ferric Hypophosphite, N.F._--Ferric hypophosphite (1.65%), potassium citrate (2.15%), water and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 21 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_Elixir Hypophosphitum et Ferri (Elix. Hypophos. et Ferr.), Elixir of Hypophosphites and Iron, N.F._--Calcium hypophosphite and sodium hypophosphite (each 1.75%), potassium hypophosphite and ferric hypophosphite (each 0.875%), potassium citrate, hypophosphorous acid, water, syrup and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 10 per cent.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).

_Liquor Ferri Hypophosphitis (Liq. Ferr. Hypophos.), Solution of Ferric Hypophosphite, N.F._ (Solution of Hypophosphite of Iron).--Ferric hypophosphite (16.5%) dissolved by means of potassium citrate (21.5%) in glycerin and water.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).

_Syrupus Ferri Hypophosphitis (Syr. Ferr. Hypophos.), Syrup of Ferric Hypophosphite, N.F._--Ferric hypophosphite (1.75%), dissolved by means of potassium citrate (2.5%), and made into a syrup flavored with orange flower water.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.)

=Ferri Iodidum, Ferrous Iodide.=--FeI{2}.

_Pilulae Ferri Iodidi (Pil. Ferr. Iod.), Pills of Ferrous Iodide, U.S.P._--Each pill represents ferrous iodide, FeI{2} (about 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain).

DOSAGE: 2 pills (U.S.P.).

_Syrupus Ferri et Mangani Iodidi (Syr. Ferr. et Mangan. Iod.), Syrup of Iron and Manganese Iodide, N.F._--Ferrous iodide (10%) and manganese iodide (5%) in syrup.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).

_*Syrupus Ferri Iodidi (Syr. Ferr. Iod.), Syrup of Ferrous Iodide, U.S.P._ (Ferri Iodidi Syrupus P.I.).--Ferrous iodide, FeI{2} (about 5%).

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.)

=Ferri Lactas (Ferr. Lact.), Ferrous Lactate, N.F.= (Iron Lactate).

Greenish white powder or crystalline masses, with a slight,
characteristic odor and a mild, sweet ferruginous taste. Slowly
soluble in water (1:40), freely soluble in solutions of alkali
citrates, but almost insoluble in alcohol.

DOSAGE: 0.3 Gm. or 5 grains (N.F.).

_Elixir Ferri Lactatis (Elix. Ferr. Lact.), Elixir of Iron Lactate, N.F._--Iron lactate (1.75%), potassium citrate (5.25%) in water and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 18 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.)

=Ferri Lactophosphas, Iron Lactophosphate.=

_Syrupus Ferri Lactophosphatis (Syr. Ferr. Lactophos.), Syrup of Iron Lactophosphate, N.F._--Iron lactophosphate (2.5%) in syrup.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.)

=Ferri Malas, Ferrous Malate (Iron Malate).=

_Extractum Ferri Pomatum (Ext. Ferr. Pomat.), Ferrated Extract of Apples, N.F._ (Ferri Malas Crudus, Crude Malate of Iron).--A pilular extract containing ferrous malate.

DOSAGE: 0.65 Gm. or 10 grains (N.F.).

_Tinctura Ferri Pomata (Tr. Ferr. Pomat.), Tincture of Ferrated Extract of Apples, N.F._ (Tinctura Ferri Malatis Crudi, Tincture of Crude Malate of Iron).--Ferrated extract of apples (10%) in alcohol and cinnamon water. Absolute alcohol content about 10 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.)

=Ferri Nitras, Ferric Nitrate.=--Fe(NO{3}){3}.

_Liquor Ferri Nitratis (Liq. Ferr. Nit.), Solution of Ferric Nitrate, N.F._--Ferric nitrate, Fe(NO{3}){3}, corresponding to not less than 1.3 per cent. of metallic iron, Fe.

USES: Astringent and styptic.

DOSAGE: 0.3 Cc. or 5 minims (N.F.)

=Ferri Oxidum Saccharatum (Ferr. Oxid. Sacch.), Saccharated Ferric Oxide, N.F.= (Soluble Ferric Oxide, Ferrum Oxydatum Saccharatum, "Eisenzucker").--Saccharated ferric oxide representing not less than 2.8 per cent. of Fe.

_Syrupus Ferri Saccharati Solubilis (Syr. Ferr. Sacch. Sol.), Syrup of Soluble Saccharated Iron, N.F._ (Syrupus Ferri Oxydati Solubilis, Syrup of Saccharated Oxide of Iron, Syrup of Soluble Oxide of Iron).--Saccharated ferric oxide (41.5%), syrup and water.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.)

=Ferri Oxychloridum, Ferric Oxychloride.=

_Liquor Ferri Oxychloridi (Liq. Ferr. Oxychlor.), Solution of Ferric Oxychloride, N.F._--Ferric oxychloride corresponding to about 3 per cent. of metallic iron, Fe, dissolved in a mixture of glycerin and water.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.)

=Ferri Oxysulphas, Ferric Oxysulphate.=

_Liquor Ferri Oxysulphatis (Liq. Ferr. Oxysulph.), Solution of Ferric Oxysulphate, N.F._--A solution of basic ferric sulphate.

USES: Superfluous astringent iron solution

=*Ferri Phosphas (Ferr. Phos.), Ferric Phosphate, U.S.P.= (Ferri Phosphas Solubilis, U.S.P. VIII, Soluble Ferric Phosphate).--Ferric phosphate rendered soluble by sodium citrate. Contains iron, Fe (not less than 12%).

Thin, bright green, transparent, odorless scales, with an
acidulous, slightly saline taste. Freely and completely soluble in
water; insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Hematinic. Only slightly astringent;
no special advantage over other iron salts.

DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).

_Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum et Ferri (Elix. Cinchon. et Ferr.), Elixir of Cinchona Alkaloids and Iron, N.F. _(Elixir Cinchonae et Ferri N.F. III, Ferrated Elixir of Calisaya, Alkaloidal).--Ferric phosphate (3.5%), elixir of cinchona alkaloids (about 92%) and water. Absolute alcohol content about 20 per cent.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).

_Elixir Ferri Phosphatis (Elix. Ferr. Phos.), Elixir of Ferric Phosphate, N.F._--Ferric phosphate (3.5%), water and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 20 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_Elixir Gentianae et Ferri Phosphatis (Elix. Gent. et Ferr. Phosph.), Elixir of Gentian and Ferric Phosphate, N.F._ (Elixir Gentianae Ferratum).--Ferric phosphate (1.75%), elixir of gentian (about 95%) and water. Absolute alcohol content about 20 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_Syrupus Ferri, Quininae et Strychninae Phosphatum (Syr. Ferr. Quin. et Strych. Phos.), Syrup of the Phosphates of Iron, Quinine and Strychnine, N.F._--Ferric phosphate (2%), quinine (2.6%), strychnine (0.02%), phosphoric acid (5%) in glycerin, water and syrup.

USES: Needlessly complex "tonic."

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.)

=Ferri Protochloridum, Ferrous Chloride= (Iron Protochloride).

_Liquor Ferri Protochloridi (Liq. Ferr. Protochlor.), Solution of Ferrous Chloride, N.F._ (Solution of Protochloride of Iron).--A solution of ferrous chloride in glycerin and water.

USES: Superfluous astringent iron solution.

DOSAGE: 0.6 Cc. or 10 minims (N.F.).

_Syrupus Ferri Protochloridi (Syr. Ferr. Protochlor.), Syrup of Ferrous Chloride, N.F._ (Syrup of Protochloride of Iron).--Solution of ferrous chloride (5%) in glycerin, orange flower water and syrup.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.)

=Ferri Pyrophosphas (Ferr. Pyrophos.), Ferric Pyrophosphate, N.F.= (Soluble Ferric Pyrophosphate).

Thin, apple-green, transparent, odorless scales, with an acidulous,
slightly saline taste. Freely and completely soluble in water and
insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Used in iron elixirs; no special
advantage over other soluble salts of iron.

DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains.

_Elixir Ferri Pyrophosphatis (Elix. Ferr. Pyrophos.), Elixir of Ferric Pyrophosphate, N.F._ (Elixir of Pyrophosphate of Iron).--Ferric pyrophosphate (3.5%), water and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 20 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_Elixir Ferri Pyrophosphatis, Quininae et Strychninae (Elix. Ferr. Pyrophos. Quin. et Strych.), Elixir of Ferric Pyrophosphate, Quinine and Strychnine, N.F._--Ferric pyrophosphate (3.5%), quinine sulphate (0.875%), strychnine citrate (0.014%), ammonium citrate, oil of orange, alcohol, syrup and water. Absolute alcohol content about 23 per cent.

USES: A needlessly complex "tonic."

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.)

=Ferri Subsulphas, Ferric Subsulphate.=

_Liquor Ferri Subsulphatis (Liq. Ferr. Subsulph.), Solution of Ferric Subsulphate, U.S.P._ (Monsel's Solution, Solution of Basic Ferric Sulphate).

USES: Local styptic and astringent

=*Ferri Sulphas (Ferr. Sulph.), Ferrous Sulphate, U.S.P.= (Iron Protosulphate).--FeSO{4} + 7H{2}O. (An impure product is commercially known as copperas).

Pale bluish-green, odorless crystals, with a saline styptic taste.
Freely soluble (1:1.4) in water, insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Hematinic, especially in pills; but
mainly used in making pharmaceutical preparations. Formerly
used extensively as a disinfectant, but is only
deodorant.

DOSAGE: 0.1 Gm. or 1-1/2 grains (U.S.P.).

_*Ferri Sulphas Exsiccatus (Ferr. Sulph. Exsic.), Exsiccated Ferrous Sulphate, U.S.P._ (Dried Ferrous Sulphate).--Contains not less than 80 per cent. of FeSO{4}.

Grayish-white powder.

DOSAGE: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain (U.S.P.) as pills.

_Ferri Sulphas Granulatus (Ferr. Sulph. Gran.), Granulated Ferrous Sulphate, U.S.P._ (Precipitated Ferrous Sulphate).--Purified ferrous sulphate.

Very pale, bluish-green, crystalline powder.

DOSAGE: 0.1 Gm. or 1-1/2 grains (U.S.P.).

_Pilulae Ferri, Quininae, Aloes et Nucis Vomicae (Pil. Ferr. Quin. Aloe. et Nuc. Vom.), Pills of Iron, Quinine, Aloes and Nux Vomica, N.F._ (Pilulae Quadruplices, N.F. III, Quadruplex Pills, Quatuor Pills, Pilulae Ferri et Quininae Compositae).--Each pill contains exsiccated ferrous sulphate, quinine sulphate and aloes (each 0.065 Gm. or 1 grain), extract of nux vomica (0.016 Gm. or 1/4 grain) and extract of gentian.

USES: Antiquated, complex and irrational "tonic."

DOSAGE: 1 pill (N.F.)

=Ferri Tersulphas, Ferric Sulphate= (Iron Tersulphate).

_Liquor Ferri Tersulphatis (Liq. Ferr. Tersulph.), Solution of Ferric Sulphate U.S.P._ (Solution of Iron Tersulphate).

USES: For making pharmaceutical preparations

=*Ferrum (Ferr.), Iron, U.S.P.=--Metallic iron, Fe, in the form of fine, bright, and non-elastic wire.

USES: For making the salts

=Ferrum Albuminatum, Iron Albuminate.=

_Liquor Ferri Albuminati (Liq. Ferr. Albumin.), Solution of Albuminate of Iron, N.F._--Contains albuminate of iron equivalent to about 0.4% of iron, Fe, in aromatic elixir, alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 20 per cent.

USES: Non-astringent iron preparation; converted into
simple ionic iron by dilute acids.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.)

=Ferrum Peptonatum, Iron Peptonate.=

_Liquor Ferri Peptonati (Liq. Ferr. Pepton.), Solution of Peptonate of Iron, N.F._--Contains a compound of iron and peptonized fresh egg albumin representing 0.4 per cent. metallic iron, Fe; flavored with oil of orange, acetic ether and vanillin in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 14 per cent.

USES: Non-astringent inorganic iron preparation.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).

_Liquor Ferri Peptonati et Mangani (Liq. Ferr. Pepton. et Mangan.), Solution of Peptonate of Iron and Manganese, N.F._ (Liquor Ferri Peptonati cum Mangano, N.F. III).--Solution of peptonate of iron with soluble manganese citrate (1%). Absolute alcohol content about 14 per cent.

USES: Combination of iron and manganese, of doubtful
advantage over the solution of peptonate of iron.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.)

=*Ferrum Reductum (Ferr. Reduct.), Reduced Iron, U.S.P.= (Ferrum Redactum, Iron by Hydrogen, Quevenne's Iron).--Metallic iron, Fe (not less than 90%), obtained by reduction of iron oxide by hydrogen.

Very fine, grayish-black, lusterless, odorless and tasteless
powder. Insoluble in water or alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: A hematinic, relatively non-irritant;
given preferably just before meals in the form of pills or
powder enclosed in capsules or cachets.

DOSAGE: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain.

_Pilulae Ferri, Quininae, Strychninae et Arseni Fortiores (Pil. Ferr., Quin., Strych. et Arsen. Fort.), Stronger Pills of Iron, Quinine, Strychnine, and Arsenic, N.F._ (Pilulae Metallorum, N.F. III, Metallic Pills, Pilulae Metallorum Amarae, Bitter Metallic Pills).--Each pill contains reduced iron and quinine sulphate (each 0.065 Gm. or 1 grain), strychnine and arsenic trioxide (each 0.0032 Gm. or 1/20 grain) with clarified honey.

USES: Complex and irrational tonic.

DOSAGE: 1 pill (N.F.).

_Pilulae Ferri, Quininae, Strychninae et Arseni Mites (Pil. Ferr., Quin., Strych. et Arsen. Mit.), Mild Pills of Iron, Quinine, Strychnine and Arsenic, N.F._ (Aitken Tonic Pills).--Each pill contains reduced iron (0.045 Gm. or 2/3 grain), quinine sulphate (0.065 Gm. or 1 grain), strychnine and arsenic trioxide (each 0.0013 Gm. or 1/50 grain) with clarified honey.

USES: Complex and irrational tonic.

DOSAGE: 1 pill (N.F.).

* * * * *

Note:--_The prescribing of iron can be greatly simplified, without sacrificing anything of real value, if physicians will confine themselves to the starred preparations._

* * * * *

=Ficus (Ficus), Fig, N.F.=

ACTION AND USES: Mild laxative

=FLUIDEXTRACTA, FLUIDEXTRACTS=.--Fluidextracts are concentrated liquid preparations of vegetable drugs, generally containing alcohol either as a solvent or as a preservative. One Cc. represents the extractives from 1 Gm. of drug.

The statements in this book regarding alcohol content are approximate and are based on the alcohol contents of the menstruum used. For the official preparations see under the names of the respective drugs. For Fluidextractum Aromaticum, see under =Cinnamomum Saigonicum=.

=FLUIDGLYCERATA, FLUIDGLYCERATES=.--Preparations intended to be of the same drug strength as fluidextracts--that is, representing 100 Gm. of drug in 100 Cc. of preparation--but containing about 50 per cent. by volume of glycerin and no alcohol. For the various fluidglycerates, see under the names of the respective drugs.

=Foeniculum (Foenic.), Fennel, U.S.P.= (Fennel Seed).

ACTION AND USES: Aromatic and carminative.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains

=*Formaldehydum, Formaldehyde.=--CH{2}O.

_*Liquor Formaldehydi (Liq. Formaldehyd.), Solution of Formaldehyde, U.S.P._--CH{2}O (not less than 37%) with methyl alcohol and water.

ACTION AND USES: A powerful germicide, especially
valuable in the form of gas for its penetrating power. Its
irritant actions generally preclude its use on the body.