Chapter XLI: Introduction (9)

Social Economy:
Group 129, Miss Caroline Greisheimer, Washington, D.C.
Group 135, Miss Margaret Wade, Washington, D.C.
Group 136, Miss Jane Addams, Chicago, Ill.
Group 139, Miss Mary Perry, St. Louis, Mo.
Group 141, Mrs. E.P. Turner, Dallas, Tex.; Mrs. Conde Hamlin,
St. Paul, Minn.

The appointment of the departmental jurors had been provided for
in the extensive jury list approved April 29, but at the request
of three of the members of the National Commission the list of
departmental jurors was further confirmed by a meeting of the
board called for that purpose on September 20, and these jurors
began their work almost immediately.

The following list of department jurors was sent to the
Exposition Company and the National Commission:

Department A, Education:
Mrs. W.E. Fischel (principal), 3841 Washington Boulevard, St.
Louis, Mo.
Miss Anna Tolman Smith (alternate), care Mr. Howard J. Rogers, chief
department of education.

Department B, Art:
Mrs. Montgomery Sears (principal), Boston, Mass.
Miss Cecelia Beaux (alternate), South Washington square, New York
City.

Department C, Liberal Arts:
Miss Olive Seward (principal), 1725 Nineteenth street, Washington,
D.C.
Mrs. H.A. Langford (alternate), 5817 Rosalie court, Chicago, Ill.

Department D, Manufactures:
Miss Thekla M. Bernays (principal), St. Louis, Mo.
Mrs. W.H. Clapp (alternate), 28 West Eighth street, New York City.

Department E, Machinery:
Miss Kate Gleason (principal), care The Gleason Works, Rochester,
N.Y.
Miss Edith J. Griswold (alternate), St. Paul Building, New York
City.

Department F, Electricity:
Miss Hope Loughborough (principal), Euclid avenue, Cleveland, Ohio.
Miss Madolin Wynn (alternate), Deerfield, Mass.

Department G, Transportation exhibits:
Miss Rose Weld (principal), care Mrs. Dimmock, Newport News, Va.
Mrs. Robert Fulton (alternate), care Mrs. J.M. Horton, Buffalo,
N.Y.

Department H, Agriculture:
Mrs. Martha Shute (principal), secretary State board agriculture,
Denver, Colo.
Mrs. Edward Gilchrist Low (alternate), Lothrop, Groton, Mass.

Department J, Horticulture:
Mrs. Ida L. Turner (principal), Fort Worth, Tex.
Mrs. M.B.R. Day (alternate), Frankfort, Ky.

Department K, Forestry:
Miss Myra Dock (principal), State forestry restoration commissioner,
Harrisburg, Pa.
Mrs. J.M. Glenn (alternate), 617 Columbia avenue, Baltimore, Md.

Department L, Mines and Metallurgy:
Mrs. M.G. Scrutchin (principal), 96 East Linden street, Atlanta,
Ga.
Mrs. E.L. Lamb (alternate), Jackson, Miss.

Department M, Fish and Game:
Miss Mary Stuart Armstrong (principal), editor Elite, Chicago, Ill.
Mrs. C.E. Hatch (alternate), Kentland, Ind.

Department N, Anthropology:
Mrs. Zelia Nuttall (principal), care Peabody Museum, Cambridge,
Mass.
Mrs. Emily Cook (alternate), Bureau Indian Affairs, Washington, D.C.

Department O, Social Economy:
Miss Jane Addams (principal), Hull House, Chicago, Ill.
Mrs. Lilian Cantrell Bay (alternate), 5904 Clemens avenue, St.
Louis, Mo.

Department P, Physical Culture:
Miss Clara S. Helwig (principal), Plainfield, N.J.
Miss Margaret Wade (alternate), 912 Nineteenth street, Washington,
D.C.

It was found, upon communicating with the above named, that very
many could not serve, and no provision having been made for
alternates many changes became necessary. The following list was
subsequently transmitted to the Exposition Company and National
Commission, two of even these, however, failing to serve:

Department A, Education, Mrs. W.E. Fischel, 3341 Washington
Boulevard, St. Louis, Mo.

Department B, Art, Miss Mary Bullock, Hillside, Mo.

Department C, Liberal Arts, Mrs. H.A. Langford, Chicago, Ill.

Department D, Manufactures, Miss Thekla M. Bernays, St. Louis,
Mo.

Department E, Machinery, Miss Edith J. Griswold, New York City.

Department F, Electricity, Miss Hope Loughborough, Cleveland,
Ohio.

Department G, Transportation exhibits, Miss Rose Weld, Newport
News, Va.

Department H, Agriculture, Mrs. Richard P. Bland, Lebanon, Mo.

Department J, Horticulture, Mrs. Ida L. Turner, Fort Worth, Tex.

Department K, Forestry, Mrs. J.M. Glenn, Baltimore, Md.

Department L, Mines and Metallurgy, Mrs. M.G. Scrutchin,
Atlanta, Ga.

Department M, Fish and Game, Miss Mary Stuart Armstrong,
Chicago, Ill.

Department N, Anthropology, Mrs. Zelia Nuttall, Cambridge, Mass.

Department O, Social Economy, Miss Jane Addams, Chicago, Ill.

The committee of awards regrets that the discretionary power of
the Exposition Company restricted the appointive power of the
board, and that the late hour of the appointments prevented a
number of the jurors from accepting.

It was a great pleasure to the members of the board and the
committee to meet and to entertain the clever and attractive
women jurors, who served with distinction in their work and who
in every possible way showed their appreciation of the honor
conferred upon them by the board of lady managers of the
Louisiana Purchase Exposition.

Respectfully submitted.

FRANCES MARION HANGER,
_Chairman._
JENNIE GILMORE KNOTT.
LAVINIA H. EGAN.
FANNIE LOWRY PORTER.
HELEN BOICE-HUNSICKER.

Madam PRESIDENT,
_Board of Lady Managers._

The tenth meeting of the board was called on November 9, 1904. Many matters in connection with the closing of the work of the board in St. Louis were disposed of, and the following resolution passed concerning the preparation of its final report:

I move that the president of this board be requested to make a
final report of the work of this board.

On December 2 the last session of the board was held in the building which it had occupied during all the months of the exposition, and it was with a feeling of genuine regret that the members separated, never to meet again in the house which had been the scene of many interesting gatherings.

On the day following the official closing of the exposition the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Company sent their representative to make an inventory of the contents of the building, preparatory to the dismantling of the house which was thereafter to be known as the Physics Building and be occupied by students of the Washington University. On December 13 formal and final surrender was made by the president on behalf of the board of lady managers to the Exposition Company.

The following is the final report of the house committee for the exposition period:

On the 30th day of April, 1904, at the opening of the greatest
exposition the world has ever known, and commemorating one of
the most important events in the history of our country, the
board of lady managers, created by act of Congress and appointed
by the National Commission, designed by the wisdom and
forethought of one of our most dearly beloved Chief Executives,
to represent the women of America in setting forth to the world
woman's part, not only in the making of the exposition but in
the real expansion and development of our great nation, found
itself, by a combination of circumstances fortuitous or
otherwise, resolved into a committee on entertainment, with a
commodious and elegantly appointed home to call its own and the
appropriation of $100,000 to spend on furnishing, entertaining,
and necessary expenses of the board. It is therefore the
pleasure of this your house committee to report for the entire
exposition period beginning April 30, 1904, and ending December
1, 1905, the house in order each day from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m., for
the reception of the public and for a series of entertainments,
which, by reason of the number of distinguished men and women
thus brought together, were international in character, and of a
nature and brilliancy in the highest degree pleasing to the
board itself. During this time some 25,000 guests were
entertained by the board at the special functions and the
informal afternoon teas, the latter having been made a most
attractive and interesting feature, dispensing the board's
hospitality toward the close of the Fair. For every month, save
August, a number of formal affairs were given, including
luncheons, receptions, and dinners.

It was particularly fitting that the initial feast spread by the
board of lady managers in its exposition home should have been
given in honor of the National Commission, the Government's
representative in the great World's Fair. To this dinner, given
on the evening of the 30th of April, under the trying
circumstances attendant upon a day strenuous with opening
exercises and the disadvantages of the rapid adjustment of
household arrangements, 100 guests were bidden, among them
Secretary Taft, who represented the President of the United
States in the opening events, members of the Senate and House
committees, and governors of States. President Carter of the
National Commission was toastmaster on this occasion, and toasts
were given by President David R. Francis, Senator Daniel,
Congressman Tawney, and Hon. M.H. de Young.

A reception in honor of Mrs. David R. Francis followed on May 9,
to which 500 guests were invited.

On May 17 a brilliant company of 500 was entertained at an
afternoon reception in honor of the representatives of the Army
and Navy in and near St. Louis. Ladies of the Army and Navy
assisted in receiving, and many distinguished persons were
present.

On May 19, immediately following the Louisiana Purchase Day
exercises of the General Federation of Women's Clubs, a luncheon
was given by the board of lady managers in honor of the
delegates to the General Federation.

Miss Alice Roosevelt was the honoree of a luncheon given on May
31, to which 600 guests were bidden. The affair was most
charming and successful.

Having thus during the opening month announced itself, the board
of lady managers continued during the exposition to contribute
its quota to the social life of the great fair.

The distinguished foreigners whom it was the privilege of the
board to especially honor were the representatives of foreign
governments, with a reception on June 17; Prince Pu Lun, to whom
a dinner of 52 covers was given on July 10, and Prince Fushimi,
for whom a reception was held on November 22. Receptions to the
Interparliamentary Union on September 12 and to the Congress of
Arts and Sciences on September 20 were also international in
character, a number of distinguished foreigners being present.

Among the special functions given, none was more successful or
more brilliant than the dinner in honor of President David R.
Francis, on November 12, to which 140 guests were invited.

The building of the board of lady managers, with the changes
made by the board, was, both in its appointments and location,
admirably adapted for the purpose for which it was set aside,
and in itself was a tribute to the necessity and advantage of
cooperation on the part of the board.

The whole lower floor of the building was beautifully fitted up
for the reception and entertainment of guests and the upper
floor was reserved for the private use of the board, being
divided into board room, secretary's room, reception room,
apartments for the president of the board, and quarters for all
members of the board who wished to avail themselves of the
hospitality of the home while in the city.

The house was conducted as any well-organized household under
the direction of the rotating committee, composed of the
resident members in St. Louis, and the members rotating each
month. They were ably assisted by a very capable hostess.

The house committee are greatly indebted to Miss Julia McBlair,
for the gracious manner in which she served the board as hostess
during the period of the exposition.

The work of the house committee is so closely allied to that of
the committee on ceremonies that it is somewhat difficult to
draw a line between the duties of the two or to set forth in a
formal report the differences.

For details of the work of house committee preliminary to
entertainments, reference is made to report of entertainment and
ceremonies committees, and for details of house furnishings
reference is made to house furnishing committee.

Without wishing to discriminate in the least, thanks are
especially due to Weil's band, of St. Louis, Mo., for their
never-failing courtesy in supplying music for the entertainments
of the board whenever it was possible for their engagements to
permit, and to the leader, Mr. William Weil, for his personal
interest.

To the commissioner from Ceylon, Mr. Stanley Bois, the board
would especially express their thanks for the tea from his
commission, which was used and enjoyed by the members of the
board and their guests, and also to the representatives of the
Japanese commission, who presented the chests of tea from which,
together with that sent by the commissioner from Ceylon, all
afternoon teas and receptions and luncheons of the board were
supplied, to the great pleasure and enjoyment of their
tea-drinking friends. Department of Horticulture for their gifts
of choice fruit, and the California commission for beautiful
basket of fruit on "California Day." To the agent who, through
Messrs. Nicholson & Co., of St. Louis, presented two cases of
champagne; and Colorado horticulture for baskets of fruit.

The house committee particularly appreciated the courtesy
extended to the board of lady managers by Lieutenant-Colonel
Kingsbury and Lieutenant-Colonel Fountain and officers of the
Jefferson Guards for constantly providing a guard for their
building.

SALENA V. ERNEST,
Chairman.

Immediately upon the adjournment of the board the president began to collect material for the report, and pursuant to the power given her by the resolution at the last session, held in St. Louis, a special meeting was called on June 9, 1905, at the Murray Hill Hotel, New York, to pass upon the final report.

There were present: Mrs. Daniel Manning, president, presiding, and Mrs. Buchwalter; Mrs. Hanger, acting secretary; Mrs. Knott, Mrs. Daly, Mrs. Holcombe, Mrs. Ernest, Mrs. Coleman, Miss Dawes, Mrs. Hunsicker, Mrs. Moores, and Miss Egan.

The report was to be transmitted to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Commission, whose final meeting was called at Portland, Oreg., for June 15. It was, therefore, necessary that the report of the board should be in the hands of the Commission by that time, and it was most fortunate that immediate action could be taken upon the copy and forwarded to the Commission.

Among the reports made by special committees was that of the committee to edit minutes, which showed that a resolution adopted, at the meeting of the board on November 14, 1904, provided for the editing the minutes of the board and had named the following committee: Mrs. Frederick Hanger, chairman; Mrs. Finis P. Ernest, and Miss Anna L. Dawes. At the meeting of the board on June 10 the chairman of the committee reported that the stenographic reports of the proceedings of the ten meetings of the board, covering about 700 typewritten pages, had been carefully edited; that all motions and resolutions had been retained inviolate; that these, with roll call, time and place of meeting, and in some instances limited discussion, made up the subject-matter of the minutes, the same covering some 240 typewritten pages. The report of the editing committee was adopted, the minutes accepted and ordered placed on file with the archives of the board.

A committee on resolutions, consisting of Mrs. Edward Buchwalter and Mrs. Richard W. Knott, presented as one of the finalities of the eleventh meeting of the board the following resolutions, which were unanimously adopted:

Whereas the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Commission by
authority vested in it by an act of Congress appointed the
members of the board of lady managers; therefore, be it

_Resolved_, That the board of lady managers of the Louisiana
Purchase Exposition expresses its appreciation of the high honor
conferred on its members by their appointment; and

_Be it further resolved_, That the thanks of the board of lady
managers be extended to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition
Commission for the privileges and pleasures it enjoyed as a
board.

The members of the board of lady managers of the Louisiana
Purchase Exposition wish to express their appreciation of the
courtesy and kindness shown them by the Exposition Company
during the exposition period.

The board of lady managers express their appreciation to the
Louisiana Purchase Exposition Company for the commemorative
diplomas and medals conferred upon them by the Exposition
Company.

The board of lady managers of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition
wishes to express its appreciation of its officers for their
services not only in their official work but in all the duties
that devolved upon them as members of the board.

Mrs. William H. Coleman was elected treasurer of the board of lady managers at its first formal meeting, held on October 1, 1902.

The first appropriation received was from the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Company and was for the sum of $3,000 for incidental expenses. On February 18, 1904, the appropriation of $100,000 for the use of the board was made by Congress, at which time the real responsibilities of the treasurer began.

Her duties were fully defined in rule 6 of the rules and regulations adopted by the board, and the custody of all funds was placed in her hands to be disbursed "only upon order of the board and the approval of its president."

Regular itemized statements were rendered to the board at each regular meeting showing receipts and expenditures. These accounts were each time fully set forth and always found to be absolutely correct and clearly rendered.

At the meeting called for June 9, 1905, Mrs. Coleman read her last report, the following being the final summary of all funds received and disbursed on behalf of the board of lady managers:

REPORT OF THE TREASURER OF THE BOARD OF LADY MANAGERS OF THE LOUISIANA PURCHASE EXPOSITION FROM MARCH 17, 1903, TO JUNE 10, 1905.

Receipts:
Received from Louisiana Purchase Exposition Company, by
appropriation of February 16, 1903 ................................... $3,000.00
Received from appropriation of Congress, by act of
February 18, 1904 .................................................... 100,000.00
Received interest on $100,000 account .................................. 1,502.29
--------------
104,502.29
Disbursements:
Tinting walls, staining floors, heating apparatus,
wiring for bells, awnings, screens, and plumbing--
From $100,000 ............................ $2,263.32
From $3,000 .............................. 64.30
----------- $2,327.62
Furniture, china, linen, freight, and packing charges--
From $100,000 ............................ 11,692.65
From $3,000 .............................. 652.25
----------- 12,344.90
Mileage and per diem, board meetings and rotating
committees, paid from all sources ..................... 30,272.76
Entertainment, all sources .............................. 10,672.85
Stationery, engraving, and printing ..................... 5,906.15
Postage and telegrams ................................... 1,196.94
Telephones .............................................. 281.24
Clerical and household force expenses ................... 5,096.17
Office incidentals ...................................... 274.14
House incidentals ....................................... 1,007.84
Other incidentals ....................................... 2,255.77
Model playground ........................................ 5,100.00
Miscellaneous expenses, resolution June 10, 1905, in
payment ............................................... 2,000.00
-----------
Total disbursements ................................... 78,736.38
Less returned from incidental account ................... 900.75
-----------
Grand total of all disbursements to June 10, 1905 ..... 77,835.63
Balance in hands of treasurer June 10, 1905 ............... 26,666.66
----------- 104,502.29
===========
Amount brought forward from the treasurer's report as balance in
hands of treasurer June 10, 1905, which is the amount to be returned
to the Exposition Company by the board of lady managers,
from all funds ......................................................... 26,666.66
To the above amount to be returned to the Exposition Company by
the board of lady managers, as a credit, is to be added the sum
paid to the company in cash on December 14, 1904, for furniture
and articles purchased by the members of the board, amounting to ....... 2,150.00
-----------
Making the total amount returned to the Exposition Company
from all sources ................................................... 28,816.66

Mrs. WILLIAM H. COLEMAN, _Treasurer._

The auditing committee, composed of Mrs. William E. Andrews, chairman, Mrs. Mary Phelps Montgomery, and Mrs. Finis P. Ernest, was elected by the board of lady managers March 4, 1904, for the purpose of examining and auditing the accounts of the treasurer, Mrs. William H. Coleman.

The committee met at stated intervals and examined the vouchers and checks numbered 1 to 253, inclusive, and reported that these were found to be correct, and accounted fully for all moneys received by the treasurer to that date, and this report was accepted.

The exposition closed on December 1, and the auditing committee was not again called until the time for rendering a final account of the funds of the board. At this time the absence of the chairman, Mrs. Andrews, and Mrs. Montgomery necessitated the appointment of two other members to fill said vacancies, in order to audit the bills contracted by the board from November 1, 1904, to June 10, 1905. Mrs. Hanger and Mrs. Knott were thereupon elected. Mrs. Montgomery arriving later, Mrs. Hanger withdrew from the committee, leaving the membership--Mrs. Ernest, chairman, Mrs. Montgomery, and Mrs. Knott--all present.

On June 12 and subsequently this committee met and examined the vouchers and checks from November 1, 1904, to June 10, 1905, inclusive, and found the accounts between the above-mentioned dates to be correct.

Total receipts:
From Louisiana Purchase Exposition Company ..................... $3,000.00
From appropriation by Congress ................................. 100,000.00
Total interest received on above $100,000 account .............. 1,502.29
-----------
104,502.29
Total expended from $3,000 ............................ $3,000.00
Total expended from $100,000 .......................... 74,146.83
Total amount interest expended as per resolution of
June 10 ............................................. 688.80
-----------
Total expenditures ............................... 77,835.63
Balance on hand from interest .............. $813.49
Balance on hand from $100,000 appropriation 25,853.17
----------- 26,666.66
Balance on hand from all sources ................................... 104,502.29

A certified public accountant has been engaged to prepare a classified summary of all receipts and disbursements, and we refer to the figures of his report for details and totals, which we hereby approve and accept as final.

In witness whereof we have hereunto set our hands this 17th day of June, 1905.

SALENA V. ERNEST, MARY PHELPS MONTGOMERY, JENNIE GILLMORE KNOTT, _Members Auditing Committee._

NEW YORK, _June 16, 1905._

In accordance with your instructions, I have made an examination of your treasurer's accounts from March 17, 1903, to June 10, 1905, and herewith submit to you my report thereon.

All vouchers covering the disbursements from the appropriation made by Congress of $100,000 are in due form and properly approved and attested, vouchers being on file for all amounts paid, each voucher containing a "paid" check signed by the treasurer and countersigned by the president, excepting a few, which, in the ordinary course of business, have not as yet been presented at bank for payment.

All disbursements from the $3,000 received from the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Company and from the interest received from banks have been made by treasurer's check and all have been approved by the president of the board. The total disbursements and receipts to June 10 are as follows:

Total amount received by the treasurer to June 10, 1905:
From Louisiana Purchase Exposition Company ........................ $3,000.00
From Congress ..................................................... 100,000.00
Interest received from banks ...................................... 1,502.29
-----------
Total received from all sources to June 10, 1905 ................ 104,502.29
===========
Total amount disbursed by treasurer to June 10, 1905:
From the $3,000 received from the Louisiana Purchase Exposition
Company ......................................................... 3,000.00
From the appropriation from Congress .............................. 74,146.83
From the interest received from banks ............................. 688.80
-----------
Total disbursed from all sources to June 10, 1905 ............... 77,835.63
===========
Balance in hands of treasurer on June 10, 1905:
From the $100.000 appropriation from Congress ..................... 25,853.17
From interest received from banks ................................. 813.49
-----------
Balance in hands of treasurer June 10, 1905 ..................... 26,666.66

Respectfully submitted. JOHN PROUD, _Certified Public Accountant._

The PRESIDENT AND AUDITING COMMITTEE, _Board of Lady Managers, Louisiana Purchase Exposition._

It has been said that "an exposition should be as broad and comprehensive as the efforts of mankind." In all human activities in recent years advancement has been so marvelously rapid that important expositions might be held from time to time in which would be included nothing but inventions, discoveries, and accomplishments that belong to the intervening epoch-making periods.

That all nations take a deep interest in world's fairs is made manifest by the large attendance of people from all parts of the globe. It is self-evident that they appreciate the fact that most beneficial results may be derived by all, not only by means of the practical and tangible demonstration and comparison of objects assembled, but through the opportunity afforded for interchange of thought so conspicuously made available to advanced thinkers and workers. And it is hoped and believed that in its own time and in its own way each exposition will accomplish much for the good of both men and women of every country.

It would seem from the division of work as shown at the exposition by the Filipinos and the Indian tribes that women have not only, from the remotest times of which we have record, originated and practiced most of the industrial arts, but, among primitive nations, they still continue to ply the same occupations. The exhibits showed that the work of the men was still that of the hunter and trapper, while the Filipino woman who sat on the floor making cotton cloth, would indicate that it had fallen to the share of women not only to fashion garments, but the material from which they were made. And was not the stick which she so deftly handled, upon which she wound her thread to carry the woof to and fro transversely across the warp of her hand-woven fabric, the forerunner of the swiftly moving shuttle of today? And if the primitive woman still makes garments from the skins which the hunter brings home, and cooks the game which he shoots or traps, and has originated the method of cooking other articles of food, has she not earned for herself the right to be termed the first "home maker?" It is true the home originally had to be maintained by force of arms, but when this necessity no longer existed, and man, "the protector," had time to examine this woman-made home, he put his ingenuity to work to aid in the increased demands large households made upon women and invented and applied machinery to do the heavy tasks that had theretofore been done by them. He found it a vastly remunerative occupation, and promptly removed her work of spinning, weaving, dyeing, and even the making of every kind of garment, and the preparation of foods, to his factories.

Women did not take kindly to the innovation at first--their occupations were gone--but, with their usual adaptability, they immediately invented new ones. They now had time and opportunity to acquire education, enter the professions, and prepare themselves to take their equal place by the side of men.

President Francis, in his address on opening day, said of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition:

So thoroughly does it represent the world's civilization that if
all man's other works were, by some unspeakable catastrophe,
blotted out the records here established by the assembled
nations would afford all necessary standards for the rebuilding
of our entire civilization.

And at this great exposition, by the elimination of the special woman's department, the exhibits of woman's work for the first time in this country stood solely and independently by the side of the exhibits by men, and the industrial equality and the value of the contributions to the industries, sciences, and arts of both were judged by the same standards. Let no concern, therefore, be felt as to the future advancement of women. Their strength and powers have been tested, and the new era upon which they entered but a few years ago under the leadership of the women of America is now so far advanced for the women of all nations in every country that their undeniable right to education and training is being acknowledged, their consequent recognition as a factor for increased usefulness is being accorded, and their development is swift, their progress sure.

The Louisiana Purchase Exposition is passing into the realm wherein lies forgetfulness; its beauties are even now fading from the memories of its millions of visitors. The buildings have been razed, and the broad acres it covered have been laid waste; the labor of years, the result of thought, perseverance, patience, energy, and untiring application on the part of hundreds of its promoters and workers, already seems as intangible as a dream. But the things for which those buildings stood, the intellectual, moral, and material prosperity which they expressed are real, lasting, and glorious. These are permanently recorded in history. And forming an important part of these records is the work of woman.

The board of lady managers of this vast world's fair earnestly hopes that at every future exposition woman may be accorded that dignified position that she has so splendidly earned by her own endeavors, and that each time a résumé of her work achieved is recorded new fields of usefulness may be found added thereto. No fear need be entertained that she will not always demonstrate that she does contribute her full share toward the progress and prosperity of nations and the uplifting of humanity.