Chapter IV: Part 4

Leaves 1-fol.; leaflets linear-lanceolate. Spines exceeding the leaves.

Nubia (Otao).

120 =Seetzenia africana= _R. Br._

Prostrate herb, woody below. Leaves opposite, 3-fol., with interpetiolar stipules, fleshy. Flowers small, axillary, solitary. Fruit of 5 1-seeded cocci, separating longitudinally, sub-globose.

Dongola Prov. (J. Barkal).

=GERANIACEÆ.=

121 =Monsonia senegalensis= _Guill._ EL GURUN (N. Kordn.)—Arab.

Diffuse shrubby herb with ovate-cordate leaves. Flowers purple on 1-flowered peduncles. Fruit beaked, beak 3 in. long. Stamens 15.

Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); White Nile Prov. (Jebelein & J. Arashkol); Kordofan Prov.; Darfur Prov.

=M. nivea= _Webb._

Small white pubescent herb with ovate-lanceolate (not cordate) leaves. Fruit beak 1½ in. long.

Red Sea Prov. (Dongonab).

122 =Geranium favosum= _Hochst._

Annual, up to 4 ft. high; branches glandular, pilose above.

Leaves deeply 5-lobed, segments pinnatifid. Peduncles 2-flowered; stamens 10. Carpels transversely deeply pitted, with or without tails. Fruit beaked.

Red Sea Prov. (Erkowit & 21° N.L., etc.).

123 =Erodium malachoides= _Willd._ KORĪAB—Hadendowa.

Stemless herb with decumbent branches, pubescent. Radical leaves, ovate- cordate, more or less 3-5-lobed, crenate. Fruit beak up to 2½ in. long.

Nubia; Red Sea Prov. (Erkowit & 21° N.L.); Darfur Prov. (J. Marra: 9,000 ft.)

=OXALIDACEÆ.=

124 =Oxalis caprina= _Linn._

Tuberous stemless herb. Leaves 3-fol. with obcordate leaflets; leaf stalks up to 6 in. long. Flowers purplish in 3-8 flowered umbels on long peduncles.

Red Sea Prov. (Erkowit).

=O. corniculata= _Linn._

Perennial herb with long creeping or underground stems. Leaves trifoliolate. Flowers yellow, 1-3 in umbels on axillary peduncles exceeding the leaves.

Red Sea Prov. (Erkowit); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: by the Nabambisso); Darfur Prov. (J. Marra: Niurnya 7,000 ft.).

125 =Biophytum Apodiscias= _Turcz._

Annual; leaves abruptly pinnate, crowded at nodes and ends of stem and branches, sensitive. Flowers, yellow or red, in umbels on axillary peduncles, with numerous setaceous bracts. Styles 5. Fruit a 5-celled capsule.

White Nile Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas).

=BALSAMINACEÆ.=

126 =Impatiens niamniamensis= _Gilg._

Herb 1 ft. high. Leaves ovate-lanceolate deeply crenate, about 6 in. long. Flowers with the upper petal green, the spur dull purple.

Belgian Congo (Niamniam-land: by the Assika River).

=I. Irvingii= _Hook. f._

Succulent herb, 2-4 ft. high. Leaves usually alternate, lanceolate, serrulate, 3-5 in. long. Flowers red, solitary or in pairs, irregular, the spur of calyx much longer than the body of the lip. Capsule short, elastically splitting into 5-valves.

Belgian Congo (Niamniam-land: by the Mbrwole & Yuru Rivers).

=LYTHRACEÆ.=

127 =Rotala verticillaris= _Linn._

Herb, often procumbent. Leaves in whorls of 4-8, narrow linear, truncate or bifid at apex. Flowers sessile, whorled, small.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas).

=R. serpiculoides= _Welw._

Marsh herb, 1-3 in. high. Leaves opposite, linear, ab. 1 in. long. Flowers 1-4 together; calyx 4 deltoid lobes, reddish; petals rare, reddish; stamens 1-2: capsules 3-valved, reddish.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur-land).

=R. decussata= _Hiern._

Marsh herb, 1-9 in. high. Leaves decussate, oblong, ½ in. long. Flowers sessile, solitary; calyx 4-lobed; petals 4 or 0; capsule 3-valved.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Mittu-land; between Ngama & Dokuttu).

=R. stagnina= _Hiern._

Erect marsh herb 4 in. high. Leaves opposite, ovate-oblong, 2 in. long. Flowers 4-merous, sessile; petals 0 or caducous; stamens 2; capsules 3-valved.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: Gir).

=R. tenella= _Schwfth._

Creeping marsh herb. Leaves sessile, amplexicaul. Flowers minute, white; capsule globose, 4-valved.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas & Bongo-land: Gir).

128 =Woodfordia floribunda= _Salisb._

Shrub with spreading branches. Leaves opposite, sometimes in whorls of 3, sessile, ovate-lanceolate, cordate or rounded at base. Flowers in axillary clusters; calyx tubular, scarlet; petals minute.

Fung Prov. (Fazoghli); Nuba Mts. Prov. (Khor Mashisha, near Dilling); Darfur Prov. (Jebel Marra, 5-6,500 ft.).

It exudes a gum said to be like Gum Tragacanth. The flowers are used as a dye. Both flowers and leaves contain tannin.

129 =Nesæa heptamera= _Hiern._

Small herb with red heptamerous, minute flowers. Leaves opposite, linear-lanceolate, about 1 in. long.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (near Pongo River).

=N. erecta= _Guill._ & _Perr._

Small herb on river banks, up to 10 in. high. Leaves opposite, linear ¾ in. long. Flowers magenta or purple: petals 4-6.

Mongalla Prov. (Bor); Uganda (Nile Province).

=N. cordata= _Hiern._

Riverside herb, up to 9 in. high. Leaves ovate to lanceolate, cordate at base, ½ in. long. Flowers in heads of 5 surrounded by 2 cordate bracts; petals pink.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur. Ghattas & Bongo-land: Gir); Bahr El Jebel (Madi Swamps).

130 =Ammannia senegalensis= _Lam._ TAMR EL FAR (Meshra El Zeraf)—Arab.

Erect, branched herb with 4-winged stem. Flowers axillary, pink, 4-merous. Leaves linear-oblong to lanceolate, auricled, amplexicaul, 2-in. long, opposite.

Blue Nile Prov.; Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post); White Nile Prov. (near Abba Island, J. Arashkol); Kordofan Prov.; Bahr El Jebel (Madi); Darfur Prov. (Zalingei: Wadi Azum).

The plant is used as a blistering agent.

=A. baccifera= _Linn._

Erect herb with 4-angled stem. Leaves opposite, linear-lanceolate, 2 in. long. Cymes 3-7. Flowers sub-sessile, axillary; calyx 4-lobed; petals 4 or 0; stamens 4; capsule globular, dehiscing transversely about the middle.

Dongola Prov. (between Dongola & Korti); between Khartoum & Shendi; Khartoum Prov.; White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol); Kordofan Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas).

The leaves are used for blistering, but the effect is said to be most painful.

=A. salicifolia= _Monti in Comment._

Marsh herb, 18 in. high, with 4-angled stem. Leaves opposite, lanceolate. Flower small, in dense cymes, whorled, 4-9 in each axil. Capsule 1-celled.

Red Sea Prov. (21° N.L.); between Khartoum & Shendi).

=A. urceolata= _Hiern._

Erect annual with 4-angled stem. Leaves opposite, linear, ½ to 2 in. long. Flowers in dense axillary clusters, 6 in each axil. Capsule 1-celled.

White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol).

131 =Lawsonia alba= _Lam._ HENNA—Arab.

Glabrous shrub; branches angular, sometimes spinescent. Leaves opposite, nearly sessile, elliptic, ab. 1 in. long. Flowers in long axillary or terminal panicles, small, greenish yellow, smell like mignonette.

Berber Prov.; Khartoum Prov.; Blue Nile Prov.; Kordofan Prov.; Upper White Nile Prov. (Sobat River, Tawfikia). Introduced.

The leaves are used to dye the finger nails and the palms of the hands an orange colour. The seeds yield an oil.

=PUNICACEÆ.=

132 =Punica granatum= _Linn._ RUMMĀN—Arab. The Pomegranate.

Shrub or small tree with large scarlet flowers. Fruit size of an orange; seeds surrounded by a pink, edible pulp.

Introduced from Asia.

=ONAGRACEÆ.=

133 =Jussieua diffusa= _Forsk._

Procumbent aquatic herb, usually supplied with pale pinkish spindle- shaped floats. Leaves alternate, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, narrow at base. Flowers yellow; calyx 5-lobed, enlarged in fruit; pet. 5; stamens 10.

White Nile, Bahr El Ghazal & Mongalla Provinces.

=J. pilosa= _H. B._ & _K._ ARKALA (Meshra El Zeraf)—Arab; LŪNG (Meshra El Zeraf)—Dinka.

Differs little from _J. diffusa_ Forsk. except by its erect habit and more hirsute young parts.

Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post); White Nile Prov.; Upper White Nile Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas); Bahr El Jebel (Madi).

=J. acuminata= _Sw._

Stems glabrous. Leaves lanceolate subacute, 3-4 in. long, ½-1 in. broad, glabrous or nearly so, pinnately several nerved. Fruits wrinkled, 1 in. long.

Khartoum Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: by the Linduku Stream); Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post).

=J. villosa= _Lam._

Erect herb, 4 ft. high; stem woody, somewhat winged, hairy above. Leaves alternate, linear to lanceolate, ½ to 5 in. long. Flowers 4-merous, solitary, yellow, sessile, small. Capsule up to 2 in. long.

Nuba Mts. Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur-land).

=J. villosa= _Lam._ =var. linearis= _Jacq._

Erect, hirsute herb. Leaves narrow linear; fibres of old capsules persistent.

Nuba Mts. Prov. (Kadugli); Mongalla Prov. (Gondokoro).

=J. linifolia= _Vahl._ SOFSAF (N. Kordn.) & TOTO—Arab.

Erect herb, 2 ft. or more; stem narrowly winged. Leaves linear- lanceolate 1-3 in. long. Flowers small, yellow, 4-merous, sessile, axillary. Capsule cylindrical, 2/3 in. long.

Khartoum to Berber (banks of the Nile); Atbara; Blue Nile Prov.; Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post); Kordofan Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Wau).

134 =Ludwigia jussioides= _Lam._

Erect herb, 2-3 ft. high. Leaves linear-oval to lanceolate, 1½-4 in. long, alternate. Flowers axillary, yellow, up to 1 in. in diam.; 4-5-merous. Capsules 1 in. long and 1/12 in. diam.

Bahr El Jebel (Madi).

=L. parviflora= _Roxb._

Erect annual, 6-18 in.; stem often angular. Leaves linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, tapering to base, ab. 1½ in. long. Flowers tetramerous, yellow. Capsule under ½ in. long, cylindrical, somewhat inflated, 4-veined.

Kordofan Prov. (Abu Gerad); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: Addai).

135 =Trapa bispinosa= _Roxb._ CHUWALAGEIR (Kenissa)—Dinka. Water Chestnut.

Aquatic herb; stems ascending in water, giving off numerous pectinate roots. Leaves alternate, floating petioles dilated into floats; blades triangular, broadly dentate on upper edges. Fruit ab. 1 in. long, shield-shaped, armed with 2 curved, barbed spines.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Main River); Bahr El Jebel (Sudd).

Although it is not known in the Sudan as edible the fruit is much used in India as an article of food and is eaten raw or cooked.

136 =Epilobium hirsutum= _Linn._

Erect herb, hirsute, 2-5 ft. high. Leaves opposite, linear-lanceolate, serrulate, amplexicaul, 1-5 in. long. Flowers sessile, axillary, solitary; calyx tube narrow, elongate, 4-lobed; petals 4, pink or purple; stamens 8; stigma 4-lobed. Capsule 2-3 in. long.

Darfur Prov. (J. Marra).

=HALORRHAGACEÆ.=

137 =Laurembergia Engleri= _Schindler._

Low herb in swamps with reddish glabrous stems and alternate linear obtuse leaves scarcely ½ in. long. Flowers minute, sessile, axillary. Fruits muricate.

Bahr El Ghazal (Jur Ghattas).

=THYMELÆACEÆ.=

138 =Gnidia Mittuorum= _Gilg._

Heather-like undershrub, 4-12 in. high; stems 4-angled. Leaves oblong or obl.-obovate, ½-1 in. long. Heads terminal, 7-10 flowered; involucral bracts 3-4, ovate, ¼ in. long. Flowers brownish-yellow; pedicels minute, bearing a tuft of white hairs; calyx under ½ in. long; lobes 4, minute; petals 4 inserted on calyx tube, scale-like; stamens 8, sessile in calyx-tube, _in 2 rows_.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Dar Fertit: Deim Adlan, Mittu: Deragoh).

=G. Schweinfurthii= _Gilg._

Glabrous herb, 1-2 ft. high. Leaves scattered, lanceolate or oblong, ½-1 in. long. Flowers yellowish-brown in terminal heads of 15-25 fl., or in axillary 1-3 headed racemes; invol. bracts 4-5, ovate; calyx smaller than above.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: Sabbi).

=G. apiculata= _Gilg._

Undershrub, 1½-3 ft. high. Leaves alternate, crowded, linear or narrowly elliptic, ½-2/3 in. long. Heads numerous, terminal, peduncled and lateral ones sessile, 10-15 flowered; invol. bracts 7-14 in 2 rows; calyx tube pubescent.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: Gumango hills); Bahr El Jebel (Madi).

139 =Lasiosiphon Kraussii= _Meisn._ BURURU—Golo.

Woody herb, 4-24 in. high. Leaves opposite, elliptic, lanceolate or narrow-ovate, ½-2 in. long. Heads solitary, terminal, many flowered; peduncles 1-4 in., velvety; invol. bracts 6-10, hairy; calyx yellow, hairy below, pubescent above, ½ in. long, 5-lobed; petals minute, scale- like; stamens 10, _in 2 rows_.

Nuba Mts. Prov. (Heiban); Darfur Prov. (J. Marra 6,000-9,500 ft.); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur: between Kutshook Ali’s Zariba & the River Wau, between Pongo River & Jur, Dar Fertit, Golo Desert).

The crushed roots are used for poisoning fish. It is also a virulent poison to man and animals.

140 =Arthrosolen chrysantha= _Solms-Laub._

Virgate, bushy, or heather-like undershrub, up to 2 ft. high. Leaves scattered, linear, ¾ in. long. Heads terminal, solitary, many-flowered; invol. bracts ovate to linear; pedicel with ring of hairs; calyx tube ½ in. long; lobes 4; petals 0; stamens 8 _in 2 rows_.

Kordofan Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Dar Fertit).

141 =Dicranolepis Schweinfurthii= _Gilg._

Shrub or small tree. Leaves alternate, oblong or obl.-lanceolate, caudate-acuminate, 2-3 in. long, with yellow-brown hairs beneath. Flowers solitary, sessile, 1 in. long; calyx tube slender, lobes 5, ⅙ in. long; pet. 5, scale-like, forked; stamens 10, _in 2 whorls_. Drupe oval, ½ in. long.

Belgian Congo (Niamniam-land: River Diagbe at Wando).

=D. cerasifera= _Gilg._

Shrub. Leaves variable, ovate to lanceolate, acute or acuminate, 1-2½ in. long, hairy beneath. Flowers 1-2 together, not seen. Drupe smaller than a cherry, reddish.

Belgian Congo (Niamniam-land: by Diamwonu River).

=NYCTAGINACEÆ.=

142 =Boerhaavia elegans= _Choisy._

Tall branched herb. Leaves opposite, petioled, broadly ovate, 1½ in. long, whitish beneath. Flowers in lax, terminal, slender panicles, usually solitary, rarely 2-3-nate on the rachis; perianth tube cylindric, lower part persistent 5-angled, viscid ⅙ in. long, enclosing the fruit, upper part petaloid, shortly 5-lobed; stamens 2, exserted, connate at base.

Coast of Nubia.

=B. adscendens= _Willd._

Glabrous herb 2-3 ft. high. Leaves opposite, ovate-oblong or rotundate, up to 2 in. long, pet. 1 in. Panicles terminal, 9 in. long. Flowers umbelled, 4-9 at ends of panicle; perianth minute; fr. under ⅛ in. long.

Fung Prov. (Fazoghli); Sobat.

=B. repens= _Linn._ RIGLA (Meshra El Zeraf)—Arab; TEB (Meshra El Zeraf)—Dinka.

Glabrous creeping or scrambling herb. Leaves in unequal pairs at the nodes, ovate or lanceolate, ab. 1 in. long. Peduncles axillary bearing 4-10 flowered umbels; per. minute, 5-ribbed, glandular between the ribs; lobes pinkish; fr. minute; stamens 1-3.

Red Sea Prov. (between Suakin & Berber: Wadi Abu Salem, Suakin, Erkowit, El Galabeheb & Khor Ashat); Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Kordofan Prov. (Abu Gerad & Bara); Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post); Darfur Prov. (Kulme); Upper White Nile Prov. (Meshra El Zeraf).

=var. diffusa= _Hook. f._ TERBA (N. Kordn.), LADUA (White Nile) & MUDDEYD (Egypt)—Arab.

More pubescent. Leaves ovate or ovate-rotundate; fr.-perianth less glandular.

Wadi Halfa; Khartoum Prov. (J. Royan); Blue Nile Prov.; Fung. Prov. (Fazoghli); White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol); Kordofan Prov. (El Obeid, Abu Haraza, Bara); Darfur Prov.; Kassala Prov. (Gallabat: Matamma).

The plant is eaten by the Sontals in India as a pot-herb. The root is used in infusion, or given in powder, and has laxative, diuretic and cooling properties. It has been prescribed for asthma with success. Taken in large doses it acts as an emetic. The plant is much used, in external applications, for dropsical swellings.

=var. viscosa= _Choisy._

More robust than type; stems and leaves densely glandular, hairy. Leaves ovate or subrotundate, sinuate, up to 1¼ in. long.

Red Sea Prov. (Erkowit, Soturba & 21° L.N.); Kordofan Prov.

=B. verticillata= _Poir._ SHINEMAQ (Blue Nile)—Arab.

Tall, much-branched, glabrous herb. Leaves broadly ovate, 2 in. long. Panicles of 3-5 flowered whorls and terminal umbels; per. minute, stalked glands at base; stamens 2.

Red Sea Prov. (Soturba; Sea-coast about 21° L.N., Wadi Surrawib; Wadi El Omari; Sinkat); Fung Prov. (Singa); White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol); Kordofan Prov. (Bir Sodari).

=B. plumbaginea= _Cav._ ABU LEBBEN—Arab.

Scrambling or procumbent herb. Leaves broadly ovate, petioled. Flowers arranged as above; per. white or lilac up to ⅓ in. long in upper part, funnel-shaped, lower ⅓ in. long in fr. with 10 large glandular disks near apex.

Red Sea Prov. (Soturba, Khor Tamanib & Erkowit); Khartoum Prov.; Fung Prov. (Roseires); White Nile Prov. (12° 10 N.L.).

A decoction of the root is used for jaundice.

=B. pentandra= _Burch._ ERG EL TUEIRĀT (N. Kordn.)—Arab.

Procumbent herb. Leaves large, cordate-ovate, serrate. Whorls in large lateral and terminal panicles; bracts lanceolate, ½ in. long; pedicels ½ in. long; per. upper part funnel-shaped, ⅛ in. long, base ⅓ in. with many glandular disks at top; stamens 3.

Kassala Prov. (between Kassala & Goz Regeb); Blue Nile Prov. Ganeib Assad); Kordofan Prov. (Bara).

=PROTEACEÆ.=

143 =Protea abyssinica= _Willd._

Shrub or small tree. Leaves alternate, lanceolate or lanc. oblong, 6 in. long, coriaceous. Flowers in terminal turbinate heads surrounded by densely imbricate silvery and silky bracts, outermost minute, increasing inwards, innermost oblong, 1½ in. long; per. ¾ in. long, tubular, compressed, 2-tipped, fulvous hairy in upper half; stamens 4; anthers subsessile, ¼ in. long; nut hairy.

Kassala Prov. (Gallabat: Matamma); W. Abyssinia (Baro, Sobat District & Blue Nile).

=P. madiensis= _Oliv._

Shrub or small tree; bark red-brown. Leaves lanc.-elliptic, 6-8 in. long, coriaceous, hairy both sides. Heads somewhat sunflower-like, up to 4 in. across; bracts glabrescent, outer ¼ in. long ovate, inner up to 3 in. long, pinkish; per. 2 in. long, yellow.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo; Sabbi, Niamniam: Tuhami’s Zariba, Biri River near Deim Zubeir: Swei River & Gumango River).

=DILLENIACEÆ.=

144 =Tetracera alnifolia= _Willd._

Climbing shrub. Leaves broad-elliptical or obovate-elliptical, entire or obscurely denticulate. Flowers paniculate, white ⅓ to 2/3 in. in diam.; sepals glabrous within.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Mittu-land: near Kuddu by the Roali River).

The stems when cut transversely yield a supply of potable fluid.

=T. strigillosa= _Gilg._

Undershrub, about 2 ft. high from a woody rhizome. Leaves oblanceolate, dentate. Flowers white, very few together; sepals glabrous inside; petals emarginate.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (near River Biri, and also Niamniam-land: by the Ibba River, Nganye).

=PITTOSPORACEÆ.=

145 =Pittosporum abyssinicum= _Del._

Shrub or tree. Leaves coriaceous oblanceolate, at first rusty tomentose. Flowers ¼ to ⅓ in. long in umbellate clusters in dense terminal corymbose panicles. Sepals rusty tomentose. Ovary pilose. Capsule globose under ½ in. diam.

White Nile.

=BIXACEÆ.=

146 =Bixa Orellana= _Linn._

Shrub. Leaves oblong lanceolate to ovate oblong. Flowers in terminal racemes, pink, large. Fruit covered by a mass of red-brown soft prickles, oblong.

Mongalla Prov. (Kagulu); Congo. Introduced and cultivated.

The source of Annatto.

=COCHLOSPERMACEÆ.=

147 =Cochlospermum niloticum= _Oliv._ AKIT—Jur.

Usually a woody dwarf-plant, but occasionally up to 3 ft. high. In the dwarf plants the large, solitary yellow flowers are seen just above the ground. Leaves palmate; seeds covered with cottony hair.

Southern Kordofan Prov.; Nuba Mts. Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Deim Zubeir, between Wau & Chakchak & Jur Ghattas); Bahr El Jebel (Bari & Madi countries); Nuba Mts. Prov. (near Talodi).

The swollen subterranean portion is used medicinally in Nuba Mountains Province, _i.e._, chewed as a tonic, etc.

=FLACOURTIACEÆ.=

148 =Oncoba spinosa= _Forsk._ ALDUKOI (Bahr El Ghazal)—Dinka; AKALAKWALA—Jur.

Spiny shrub with showy white flowers; spines up to 2 in. long. Leaves subcoriaceous, elliptical, short, acuminate, crenate-serrate or serrulate.

Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Bahr El Ghazal Prov.

The fruit is the size of a Tangerine Orange, and is used by the Dinkas to make a kind of rattle.

149 =Caloncoba Schweinfurthii= _Gilg._

Tree up to 30 ft. Leaves ovate-elliptic, rounded at the base, about 5 in. long. Flowers large and showy; petals 1¾ in. long. Fruit 1½ in. diam., apiculate.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: at Teh & Niamniam-land: by the Nabambisso River).

150 =Lindukeria dentata= _Oliv._

Shrub or small tree, up to 30 ft. high, glabrous. Leaves membranous, oblong-elliptic to elliptic, dentate-serrate, 3-10 in. long. Flowers up to ¾ in. diam., in loose axillary racemes, 1-3 in. long. Sepals 3; petals 6-10. Fruit globose, with spreading spines, about ½ in. in diam.

Belgian Congo (Niamniam-land: Wando).

=L. Schweinfurthii= _Gilg._

Shrub. Leaves oblanceolate, acuminate, serrate, 6-7 cm. long. Flowers few and very small in axillary cymes. Fruits small and echinate.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: by the Linduku River).

151 =Flacourtia sp.=

Shrub. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, crenate, sub-mucronate to obtuse.

Bahr El Jebel (Madi).

=SAMYDACEÆ.=

152 =Casearia Engleri= _Gilg._

A tree. Leaves oblong-elliptic, rounded at base, shortly acuminate, about 6 in. long and 2½ in. wide, glabrous. Flowers small in axillary fascicles. Fruits like coffee berries, yellowish white, about ½ in. long.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land, Sine loc. Schwfth. III. 241).

153 =Homalium Abdessamadi= _Asch._ & _Schwfth._

Tree, 40 ft. high. Leaves 3 in. long by 2 in. broad, crenate-dentate, broadly elliptic, alder-like. Flowers paniculate, branches of panicle catkin-like. Fruits pilose.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (by the Ibba River, near Nganye).

=FRANKENIACEÆ.=

154 =Frankenia pulverulenta= _Linn._ EIRARIB—Hadendowa.

Small diffuse herb. Leaves opposite, often fascicled, obovate, oval or rotundate. Flowers rose to purple, sessile, solitary in the forks or fascicled in leafy heads or cymes. Calyx tubular 4-6 toothed; petals 4-6; stamens 6; ovary 1-celled.

Red Sea Prov. (Khor Gwob, Erkowit).

=TAMARICACEÆ.=

155 =Tamarix mannifera= _Ehrb._

Coastal tree or shrub. Leaves scale-like, encircling the stem, subacute. Flowers in dense spikes. Seeds long-pilose.

Red Sea Prov. (21° N. Lat.).

=T. nilotica= _Ehrb._ TARFA—Arab.

Riverside shrub with scale-like leaves and slender erect branches. Flowers white or pinkish-white, crowded in spicate panicles at the ends of branches.

Northern Sudan, Red Sea Prov.; Kassala Prov., etc.

=T. articulata= _Vahl._ FAREQ (Nubia), ABL (Egypt), TARFA (Sudan)—Arab; ERU—Hameg.

Tree with feathery foliage; branchlets articulate. Leaves minute, sheathing. Flowers loosely scattered on long slender spikes.

Red Sea Prov. (Baraka, Dongonab); Kassala Prov. (Gash); Fung Prov.

Wood white, moderately hard, when burnt green gives an offensive smell. Galls, called BIGM by Arabs, are used for dyeing and tanning.

=PASSIFLORACEÆ.=

156 =Adenia venenata= _Forsk._ KUDUR—Arab; LORING—Bari; KUDUL—Jur.

Soft woody climber; the lower part of the stem is often inflated and tuberous in appearance, up to over 1 ft. in diameter. Leaves alternate, palmately 5-lobed. Flowers cream coloured; unisexual; calyx tubular, 5-lobed; petals 5.

Red Sea Prov. (Sinkat); Nuba Mts. Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Meshra El Rek), also Jur-land & Niamniam-land); Mongalla Prov. (Sheikh Tombé).

=A. sp. Schweinfurthii= _Engl._

Climber; leaves ovate, 4 in. long, rounded and with 2 very large glands at the base. Flowers in short lateral cymes. Calyx tubular, ⅓ in. long; lobes lanceolate.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land; by the Boddoh River).

=A. sp.=

Climber; leaves linear-lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, up to 6 in. long and 1¼ in. broad, minutely dotted below. Flowers ⅓ in. long.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur-land, Schwfth. III 109 & III 111).

=A. sp.=

Soft, slender stemmed climber. Leaves digitately 5-lobed, nearly 2 in. long, very thin, lobes lanceolate, subacute, minutely pubescent below. Flowers not seen. Fruits stipitate, narrowly ellipsoid, about 1.5 cm. long, with the persistent hairy calyx at the base.

Mongalla Prov. (Yei River).

=CUCURBITACEÆ.=

157 =Peponia Cienkowskii= _Hook. f._

Prostrate or climbing herb; tendrils simple or divided. Leaves ovate, cordate, 5-7 lobed, 3 in. broad. Flowers monœcious; calyx tube ⅓ in. long; petals large, white or yellowish; filaments 3, free, anthers cohering, one 1-celled and two 2-celled, conduplicate; stigma 3-partite. Fruit ovoid or cylindric, fleshy.

Fung Prov. (Fazoghli).

158 =Trochomeria djurensis= _Schwfth._

A slender climbing herb. Leaves more or less pentagonal and 5-lobulate, acute, widely cordate, scabrid; tendrils short. Male flowers with tubular calyx 1 cm. long, and minute lobes. Corolla-lobes linear- lanceolate, 2-3 cm. long; female flowers very small.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas).

159 =Adenopus breviflorus= _Benth._

Herbaceous climber; tendrils simple. Leaves palmately 5-lobed, apiculate. Flowers yellow, 1½ to 2 in. across; male flower: stamens 3, monadelphous. Fruit ovoid, mottled green when young, scarlet when ripe, size of a large egg.

Blue Nile Prov.; Upper White Nile Prov. (Melut); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: by the Yabo River).

160 =Lagenaria vulgaris= _Seringe._

Musk-scented climbing herbs; tendrils forked. Leaves orbicular-cordate, more or less 3-7 lobed, toothed, 1-6 in. broad. Male flower solitary 2-5 in. diameter, white; filaments 3, free; anthers flexuous, cohering. Female flower smaller. Fruit woody.

Red Sea Prov. (21° N. Lat.); Between Berber & Khartoum.

161 =Luffa cylindrica= _Linn._ LUFA—Arab.

Semi-woody climber; tendrils forked. Leaves palmately 5-7 lobed, denticulate. Flowers yellow, about 2 in. across. Anthers in male flower much twisted and divided; filaments dilated at the base. Fruit mottled green when young, brown when ripe, with a dehiscing cap.

Khartoum Prov. (Cultivated); White Nile Prov. (12° N. Lat.); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas); Bahr El Jebel (wild).

Fruit called LIF in Arabic, when wild about 6 in. long; when cultivated up to 18 in. long. The fibrous, spongy substance which fills the fruit is used as a substitute for a sponge or brush, also for inside soles of shoes and the manufacture of sun helmets. The pulp is edible; an oil is obtained from the seeds, which are also emetic and cathartic.

=L. echinata= _Roxb._ WASSI, ARSH & UMSHWEIKA (White Nile)—Arab.

Herbaceous climber; tendrils forked. Leaves orbicular-reniform, 2-4 in. broad, scabrid, shallow-toothed. Flowers yellow, 1 in. diameter. Male flower anthers 3 flexuous; female flower 1-3 together. Fruit 1 in. long echinate.

Berber Prov. (Zeidab); Blue Nile Prov. (Abu Haraz); Fung Prov.; White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol); Upper White Nile Prov. (Bahr El Zeraf), Red Sea Prov. (Khor Gateb).

The fruit is said to have purgative properties and to be a remedy for dropsy. A mixture of the spongy tissue of the fruit and of milk (known by the Sudanese as “Wassi purgative”) is taken by barren women to stimulate pregnancy.

162 =Eureiandra Schweinfurthii= _Cogn._

Herbaceous climber; tendrils simple. Leaves deeply trilobed, about 3 in. broad, scabrid. Stamens 5, much twisted. Fruit narrowly, 2 in. long.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas).

163 =Momordica pterocarpa= _Hochst._

Climbing herb. Leaves digitate, 5-fol.; leaflets ovate-lanceolate, obliquely cordate, 2-4 in. long. Male flowers crowded at end of a peduncle with a hooded green bract ¾ in. long; corolla yellow, 1 in. diameter; anthers 3, cells nearly straight. Female flower solitary, ebracteate. Fruit 2-3 in. long, ovoid, pointed, with 8-10 short wings, red when ripe.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land).

=M. Balsamina= _Pinn._ (EL) SHA’ALUK & (EL) YEIR (Blue Nile), (EL) ERRA (N. Kordn.) & BEYLÄSĀN (Egypt), TAMR EL ABID—Arab.

Herbaceous climber; tendrils simple. Leaves palmate, 3-5 lobed. Flowers monœcious; male flower solitary on bracteate peduncle, yellow or white, centre black, anthers flexuous. Fruit fleshy, beaked, red when ripe, 1-3 in. long.

Red Sea Prov. (Sinkat & Karora); Blue Nile, Fung, Darfur & Kordofan Provinces.

The fruit is eaten, especially by the Fellata. In Syria it is used for curing wounds. The leaves are cooked and eaten; they are said also to be good camel fodder.

=M. Charantia= _Linn._

Herbaceous climber; tendrils simple. Leaves palmately 7-9-fid, cordate. Flowers yellow, monœcious, on long, slender peduncles, with a reniform bract near the base. Fruit about 1½ in. long, ovoid-fusiform, with longitudinal tubercled lines, with a decurved beak, orange when ripe; seeds enclosed in scarlet pulp.

Mongalla Prov. (Mongalla).

=M. Schimperiana= _Naudin._

Herbaceous climber. Leaves ovate, cordate, dentate. Fruit size of an egg, covered with soft bristles, scarlet when ripe.

Mongalla Prov. (Mongalla); Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post).

=M. Morkorra= _A. Rich._

Glabrous or pubescent climber. Leaves ovate, cordate, 3-5 in. long; tendrils simple. Flowers monœcious; corolla rotate, yellow, 2 in. broad. Fruit ovoid, red when ripe, densely hairy, 1-2 in. long.

Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Fung Prov. (Roseires & Fazoghli); White Nile Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas and Niamniam-land, by the Nabambisso River); Mongalla Prov. (Gondokoro).

=M. multiflora= _Hook. f._

Slender climber. Leaves ovate, cordate, faintly sinuate-toothed, 2-6 in. long; tendrils simple or forked. Male flowers many on solitary or paired peduncles, hairy; corolla ¾ in. diameter; yellow; anthers 3, cells curved. Fr. ovoid, red, crowned with dried flower.

Mongalla Prov. (Bor).

=M. Cymbalaria= _Fenzl._

Climber with woody, tuberous root. Leaves orbicular-reniform, 1-2 in. broad, fleshy, 5-7 lobed; tendrils simple. Male flower racemose, hairy; corolla 5-lobed, ½ in. diameter, yellow; filaments 2, one 2- and one 3-cleft; cells twisted. Fr. spindle-shaped, 8-ribbed, greenish.

Blue Nile Prov.; White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol); Mongalla Prov.

The tubers are used to procure abortion.

164 =Cucumis Melo= _Linn._ AGUR or AJUR (N. Kordn., Wild form), FAGUS (Sweet Senat), AJUR (Bitter Senat), also SENAT, SENAT-TIBISH, & SENAT AJUR (Kordn.), AJUR EL KELB (Meshra El Zeraf) & SHAMMAM—Arab The Sweet Melon.

Prostrate or climbing, prickly herb. Leaves cordate, reniform or ovate, 3-5 lobed, irregularly toothed, scabrid, ½ to 1 in. long. Male flower fascicled 1 to many, small, yellow; anthers 3, cells twisted, connective produced, oblong, serrate. Fruit ovoid-globose, greenish-yellow.

Between Suakin & Berber (Wadi Abu Selem); Berber Prov. (Zeidab); Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Khartoum, Fung, Kordofan & Darfur Provinces. Cultivated and also wild.

=C. Figarei= _Del._

Trailing and climbing herb; tendrils simple. Leaves scabrid, 5-7 deeply lobed, toothed, 1-2 in. diameter. Flowers hairy, yellow, small. Fruit broad ovoid, covered with blunt tubercles.

Between Suakin & Berber (Wadi Omareg); Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post); White Nile Prov. (J. Nyemati, Jebelein); Kordofan Prov. (Obeid & Mulbes); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: Sabbi, Shambe); Darfur Prov. (Kulme).

=C. Prophetarum= _Linn._ HABASHKOL (N. Kordn.)—Arab.

Annual climber with stiff, rough hairs. Leaves 3-5 lobed, 1¼ in. broad. Male flower yellow, hairy; anthers 3, appendaged. Fruit broad ovoid; green, with pale longitudinal bands, covered with soft spines, 1½ in. long.

Red Sea Prov.; Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post); Kordofan & Mongalla Provinces.

The fruit is bitter and is used as an emetic.

=C. dipsaceus= _Ehrenb._ AJUR EL GHAZAL (Meshra El Zeraf) & AJUR—Arab; APET (Meshra El Zeraf)—Dinka; ABDALOUR—Jur; ABERTGH (Meshra El Zeraf)—Shilluk.

Slender herbaceous climber; tendrils simple. Leaves rounded or oblong- reniform, entire or shallowly 3-5 lobed; scabrid, 2-4 in. broad; petioles bristly. Male flower hairy; anthers appendaged. Fr. broadly ovoid, ½ in. long, densely bristly.

Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Dongola Prov. (Old Dongola to Merowe); Khartoum Prov.; Blue Nile Prov. (Dinder mouth); White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol); Kordofan Prov. (Meginas); Darfur Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov.

=C. sativus= _Linn._ KHIAR—Arab. The Cucumber.

Climbing herb, stem hispid. Leaves 3-5 lobed. Fruit fusiform-oblong, green, tubercled.

Cultivated everywhere.

=C. metuliferus= _E. Mey._

Herbaceous climber. Leaves palmately 3-5 lobed, toothed, stiffly pubescent, 2-4 in. diameter each way. Male flower: anthers 3-appendaged. Fruit long, ovoid, 3-5 in. long, with scattered stout conical prickles, orange when ripe.

Blue Nile & Mongalla Provinces. Cultivated.

=C. Pepo= _DC._ ARAA or GARAA KOSSA—Arab.

Prostrate herb. Leaves deeply 5-lobed. Petioles and leaf-nerves prickly. Fruit oblong, large.

Cultivated. Vegetable Marrow.

165 =Bryonopsis laciniosa= _Linn._

Slender climber; tendrils forked. Leaves 5-7 in. broad, 5-7 lobed, cordate, scabrid, serrate. Male and female flowers in the same leaf axil; corolla campanulate, small, yellow; stamens 3, anthers cohering, flexuous. Fruit globose, 1 in. diameter, green, striped with yellow.

Red Sea Prov. (21° N. Lat.).

166 =Mukia scabrella= _Arn._

Hispid herbaceous climber; tendrils simple. Leaves cordate, almost triangular. Flowers monœcious, small, yellow, male and female together in axillary clusters. Fruit almost globose, with a few scattered hairs, ½ in. diameter, scarlet.

Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Between Suakin & Berber (Gireshab); Upper White Nile Prov. (opposite Tonga Mission); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas).

Used medicinally on the West Coast as an aperient and sudorific, and also for flatulency.

167 =Zehneria cordifolia= _Schwfth._

Slender climber. Leaves cordate or triangular-cordate, 1½-2 in. diameter. Male and female flowers in the same axil. Flowers white. Fruit a berry, ¼ in. diameter, globose.

Bahr El Jebel (Sudd); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: Mbomu, near the Lesi R.).

168 =Melothria deltoidea= _Benth._

Slender trailing or climbing plant. Leaves triangular-hastate. Flowers white, monœcious; anthers distinct; fruit almost fusiform. Tendrils simple.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Shambé); Mongalla Prov. (Kenissa).

=M. tridactyla= _Hook. f._

Very slender thread-like branches. Leaves deltoid, very thin, 2 in. long and broad, scabrid-warted on both sides; tendrils thread-like. Flowers very small, on slender racemes.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: by the Boddo River, 3729 Schwfth).

169 =Kedrostis foetidissima= _Cogn._ SHA’ALUK—Arab.

Herbaceous climber; tendrils simple. Leaves broadly ovate, cordate, 1-3 in. Flowers small, male in slender racemes, female solitary, monœcious. Fruit fœtid, rugose, beaked, orange coloured when ripe.

Kordofan Prov.; Upper White Nile Prov. (Kodok); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Dinka-land, Djuiho).

The root is used for curing piles and asthma. The berry is used as cure for sore throat, also when pounded up is given to sick cattle. The stem is dried and pounded and used for mixing with snuff.

=K. sp.=

Small climber with yellow flowers.

Upper White Nile Prov. (Kodok).

170 =Corallocarpus Fenzlii= _Hook. f._

Prostrate herb. Leaves orbicular, 3-5 lobed, 3-4 in. diameter. Fruit ovoid, long beaked, fleshy, scarlet.

White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol).

=C. erostris= _Hook. f._

Prostrate herb. Leaves orbicular, obtusely 5-angled. Fruit hardly or not at all beaked, scarlet.

Nubian Coast; Red Sea Prov. (Wadi Soturba).

=C. Gijef= _Hook. f._

Prostrate; stem woody. Leaves scabrid, reniform, ovate, ¾ in. diameter, 3-lobed, distantly toothed, scabrid-glandular; tendrils stout, corky, white. Flowers small, greenish-yellow. Fruit very short beaked, scarlet.

Sudan North (Between Berber & Red Sea, in Wadis); Kassala Prov. (J. Kirureb); White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol); Kordofan Prov. (Kaija Nuba).

=C. Ehrenbergii= _Hook. f._

Prostrate. Leaves deeply 3-5 lobed. Fruit beak slender, ½ in. long.

Red Sea Prov. (Suakin).

=C. etbaicus= _Hook. f._

Prostrate; stem angular. Leaves 3-5 lobed, 1-2 in. diameter, ashy grey. Fruit short-beaked, ½-⅔ in. long.

Red Sea Prov. (Soturba).

171 =Ctenolepis fimbristipula= _K._ & _P._

Herbaceous climber; tendrils simple. Leaves deeply 5-lobed. Fruit size of a cherry, when ripe red, with white markings. Stipular bracts, broad, fringed.

Blue Nile Prov.; White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol); Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Kordofan Prov. (Obeid & Mulbes); Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post).

172 =Citrullus vulgaris= _Schrad._ BATTIKH—Arab. The Watermelon.

Climbing or trailing herb; tendrils 2-3-fid. Leaves glabrous or slightly hairy, palmately 3 or 7-lobed; lobes pinnatifid. Fruit globular, up to size of a man’s head, green.

Cultivated everywhere on river banks and sandbanks.

The natives of the Bahr El Ghazal Prov. grow amongst their rain crops an inedible variety called KOREISH BATTIKH (Arab) or DITIRA (Zande), and extract an edible oil from the seeds.

=C. Colocynthis= _Schrad._ HANDAL—Arab; DUAB—Nuer.

Climbing, or more usually, prostrate herb. Leaves much as above, but scabrid on both surfaces. Fruit globose, the size of a cricket ball, intensely bitter.

North Sudan.

The Colocynth Fruit, or Bitter Apple of Commerce. The pulp is extracted and exported, it possesses powerful cathartic properties and is widely used in medicine. In the Sudan a tar is obtained from the fruit with which water bags are dressed in order to prevent camels from tearing them open. The powdered pulp, either alone or mixed with Black Pepper, is used as a preventative against the Clothes Moth.

173 =Cephalandra indica= _Naud._

Climbing perennial; tendrils simple; stem angular and grooved. Leaves usually broad cordate-ovate, more or less deeply 5-lobed, glabrous. Flowers diœcious, solitary, axillary; stamens 3, anthers connate. Fruit ovoid-oblong, slightly beaked, scarlet.

Red Sea Prov.; White Nile Prov.; Kordofan Prov.; Darfur Prov.; Mongalla Prov. (Sheikh Tombé & Mongalla).

The scarlet, oblong fruit, is eaten both raw or cooked. The juice of the tap-root is used for diabetes.

=C. Moghadd= _Aschers._ MUGHAD—Arab.

Climbing. Leaves pentagonal or sub-5-lobed to nearly the middle, dentate, with glandular teeth, very acute, up to 4½ in. long, closely scabrid-warted all over; tendrils slender, undivided. Flowers fairly large, with spreading gamopetalous corolla. Fruits oblong, fibrous, 2½ in. long.

White Nile Prov.

=C. quinqueloba= _Schrad._ MUGHAD (N. Kordn.)—Arab.

Prostrate or climbing herb; tendrils simple. Leaves deeply 5-lobed, 3-5 in. broad, with glands at base of nerves. Flowers diœcious. Male flower solitary or subcymose; stamens 3; anthers connate, twisted. Female flower solitary, white or yellow. Fruit oblong-ovoid.

Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post); White Nile Prov.; Kordofan Prov. (Bara); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Nuer & Dinka Country); Sudd Country (Hillet El Nuer).

Fruit edible.

=C. diversifolia= _Naud._

Prostrate or climbing herb. Leaves 1-6 in. broad, upper ovate-cordate, acuminate, toothed; lower palmately, deeply 3-5 lobed, hispid. Male flower, corolla broadly campanulate; stamens 3, filaments partly free. Fruit ovoid, marbled red, white and yellow.

Between Suakin & Berber (J. Okurr); Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post).

174 =Cucurbita maxima= _Duchesne._ ARAA- or GARAA-STAMBULI or -AASSALI (Egypt)—Arab. Pumpkin.

Creeping herb. Leaves large, 5-lobed. Fruit large.

=CARICACEÆ.=

175 =Carica Papaya= _Linn._ PIPI—Zande. Paw-Paw.

Small, soft-wooded tree, showing leaf-scars on the stem. Leaves large palmatifid. Fruit of female tree almost sessile on stem close to base of the leaves, the size of a small melon, the orange-yellow pulp of which is eaten.

Introduced. Cultivated in gardens.

Fruit edible, possesses a digestive principle called Papain, similar to Pepsin, which is marketed as a drug.

=CACTACEÆ.=

176 =Opuntia Dillenii= _Haw._ BRITTEIN—Hadendowa.

Succulent subarborescent plants with more or less prickly, jointed stems and branches; joints flat, obovate. Flowers from upper edge of joints, yellow, tinged with red, 2-3 in. across. Fruit pyriform, edible when ripe.

The Prickly Pear, cultivated and sub-wild. Originally introduced from America.

=OCHNACEÆ.=

177 =Ochna Schweinfurthiana= _F. Hoffm._

A tree, 25 ft. high. Leaves oblanceolate, widely emarginate, about 3½ in. long and 1½ in. broad, serrulate, many-nerved; flowers clustered, long-pedicellate; sepals 1 cm. long; fruits 1 cm. long, reticulate.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Mittu-land: Deragoh).

=O. ardisioides= _Webb._

Small or middle-sized tree, with coriaceous leaves; flowers in twos, on old wood. Style 4-5-fid.

Kassala Prov. (Gallabat: Matamma); Fung Prov. (Roseires).

=O. leucophlœos= _Hochst._

Tortuous shrub. Leaves coriaceous, closely serrulate, 3-6 in. long. Flowers 3-10 together, on old wood, yellow; anthers dehiscing by pore- like slits.

Fung Prov.

=O. sp.=

Shrub, with dark bark; leafless at time of flowering; flowers white.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Between Wau & Deim Zubeir).

=O. sp.=

Mittu-land (Derago).

178 =Lophira alata= _Banks._ TANGA—Dinka & Jur, ZAWA—Zande.

Tree with long, glossy leaves; fruit like a shuttlecock, usually 3-winged. Flowers white or yellow, in terminal pyramidal panicles.

Mongalla Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (from Wau southwards).

The seeds yield an oil which is used in cooking, for hair oil and for making soap. The wood is very hard and heavy (density 1.1), difficult to work. It is dark brown in colour, and is suitable for heavy joinery and sleepers.

179 =Ouratea Arnoldiana= _De Wild_ & _Dur._

_Gomphia Arnoldiana_ DC.

Shrub or tree. Leaves oblong-oblanceolate, acutely acuminate, about 6 in. long, 2 in. broad, with very numerous but obscure parallel nerves, minutely and distantly toothed; flowers yellow, few in racemes, shorter than the leaves.

Belgian Congo (Niamniam-land: by the Mbrwole River).

=O. densiflora= _De Wild_ & _Dur._

_Gomphia densiflora_ DC.

Shrub or tree. Leaves oblong-obovate, very shortly acuminate, about 6 in. long, 2½-3 in. broad, rather closely serrulate, with rather distant lateral nerves; flowers in lax panicles longer than the leaves.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: by the Linduku Stream).

180 =Sauvagesia erecta= _Linn._

Small herb. Leaves lanceolate or oblong, serrulate; stipules persistent, pectinate-ciliate. Flowers small, white, rose or violet; fertile stamens 5; staminodes in two rows, inner of 5 petaloid, and outer of numerous capitate hairs. Capsule 3-valved.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Dokuttu: Bongo-land, to Congo).

The plant is very mucilaginous.

=DIPTEROCARPACEÆ.=

181 =Monotes Kerstingii= _Gilg._ MELLA—Dinka.

Small tree; fruit surrounded by the enlarged ring-like sepals. Leaves elliptic, rounded at both ends, with about 12 pairs of lateral nerves, softly white tomentose below, about 4 in. by 2¾ in.; flowers small, in axillary cymes.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur: East of Tonj, Bongo-land & Dar Fertit).

=MYRTACEÆ.=

182 =Syzygium guineense= _DC._ KORONGO, AGUA or AGUD—Golo; KULOH or KULA—Jur; SANAMBIRI—Zande.

Two types: (a) A large tree with heavy foliage. Leaves ovate-oblong, short-acuminate. Flowers pale yellow, fragrant. (b) Small tree with ovate or obovate leaves. Flowers white.

Fung Prov.; Darfur Prov. (J. Marra, 4-8,000 ft.); Bahr El Ghazal & Mongalla Provinces: Jur-land & Mittu-land: Kuragera.

A good timber tree; wood red, hard, even-grained, durable; fruit a small, purple edible berry. Leaves aromatic when bruised.

183 =Psidium pomiferum= _Don._ The Guava tree.

Shrub or small tree. Leaves opposite, oblong or elliptic-oblong. Peduncles axillary, about 1½ in. long, with 1-3 flowers; flowers white. Fruit oblong, size of a small lemon, strongly aromatic when ripe.

Introduced from West Indies. Grown in gardens.

=MELASTOMATACEÆ.=

184 =Osbeckia saxicola= _Gilg._

Hispid pilose herb. Leaves linear-lanceolate, acute, up to 7 cm. long, long setose-pilose on both surfaces. Flowers paniculate, rose. Fruits urn-shaped, calyx deciduous.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas & Niamniam-land: by Nambia Brook, near the Kishi).

=O. senegambiensis= _Guill._ & _Perr._

Small shrub; branches 4-angled, scabrid; nodes with long-spreading bristles. Leaves opposite, elliptic to lanceolate, with 3 parallel nerves. Flowers ¾ in. diameter, rose or purple, usually 5-merous, in terminal racemes; anthers 10, 2-tubercled at base. Capsule enclosed in 10-ribbed, bristly calyx-tube.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (near the Pongo River between Wau & Chak-Chak).

185 =Antherotoma Naudini= _Hook. f._

Small herb, stem 4-angled. Leaves opposite, in few pairs, ovate, ½ in. long. Flowers small, 4-merous, surrounded by a 4-leaved involucre; lobes of calyx alternating with bristles; stamens 8-10, with connective produced below, 2-tubercled at base, anthers opening by large pores. Capsule membranous.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: Addai & Dar Fertit: near the Kuru River).

186 =Dissotis petiolata= _Hook. f._

Shrub. Leaves 4-6 in. long, elliptic, with 5-parallel nerves, opposite. Flowers solitary or 2 together, 5-merous, pink or purple, enclosed in leafy bracts, anthers 8-10, some longer, incurved, connective produced, as long as anther-cells. Capsule 5-valved, with a minute ring of bristles.

Bahr El Jebel (Madi); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas).

=D. capitata= (_Vahl_) _Hook. f._ =var. Barteri= _Hook. f._

Small shrub, scabrid, 4-angled. Leaves 3-5 in. long, opposite, 5-7 parallel-nerved. Flowers in small bracteate heads; stamens and capsule as above.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Khor Tela: between Tonj & Wau).

=D. phæotricha= _Triana._ (_Osbeckia postpluvialis_ Gilg).

Hispid herb, 6-8 in. high, 4-angled. Leaves 2 in. long, oblong with 3-5 parallel nerves. Flowers 4-merous, capitate; bracts small, pectinate, with bristles; calyx bristly; petals purple, obovate; anthers of 2 lengths; connective short, 2-fid, shorter; stamens 2-tubercled at base. Capsule as above.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: near Kulengo, Jur Ghattas).

=D. rotundifolia= ex _Gilg._ (_D. prostrata_ Triana).

Herb. Leaves ovate, 3-nerved, about 1¼ in. long, ¾ in. broad, slightly pubescent. Flowers few, rose; calyx lobes lanceolate, acute, ⅓ in. long. Fruits nearly glabrous, ⅓ in. long, calyx persistent.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: by the Atazilli).

=D. Schweinfurthii= _Gilg._

Bushy plant, 4 ft. high. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, 1½-3 in. long, ¾-1 in. broad, hispidulous, 5-nerved. Flowers with 2 large bracts at the base, mauve; calyx densely covered with very hairy bristles; smaller lobes between the calyx lobes.

Mongalla Prov. (Yei River).

=D. scabra= _Gilg._

Herb, 3-4 ft., stems subquadrangular. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, 4 in. long, 1½-2 in. broad, scabrid above, scabrid-puberulous below. Flowers in terminal cymes. Calyx with numerous disk-like processes outside, setose.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: between Tonj & Duguru & Niamniam-land: Kulensho).

187 =Tristemma roseum= _Gilg._

Branchlets slender, glabrous. Leaves elliptic, acute, 2½ in. long, 1 in. broad, slightly setulose. Involucres sessile. Receptacle glabrous. Calyx lobes obtuse. Flowers rose.

Belgian Congo (Niamniam-land: by the Assika River).

=T. Incompletum= _R. Br._

Erect, bristly shrub; branches 4-angled. Leaves opposite, elliptic to lanceolate, 4-6 in. long, 5-7 nerved, hairy. Flowers capitate, enclosed in broad, hairy bracts. Receptacle with a single ring of bristles. Petals ¼ in., white or pink; stamens 10, mostly equal, with 1 pore, 2-tubercled; crown of ovary bristly. Fruit dry.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: by the Nabambisso River); Mongalla Prov. (Yei River).

=T. papillosum= _Gilg._

Erect shrub, bristly; branches 4-angled. Leaves opposite, elliptic to lanceolate, 4-6 in. long, 5-7 nerved, hairy. Flowers capitate, enclosed in leafy bracts. Receptacle quite glabrous.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas).

=T. grandifolium= _Gilg._

Branches setose. Leaves ovate-elliptic, acuminate, pubescent on both surfaces, 5 in. long, 2½ in. broad. Involucres sessile, 4-7 flowered. Receptacle with 2 rings of hairs.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas).

=COMBRETACEÆ.=

188 =Terminalia macroptera= _Guill._ & _Perr._ DAROT or DURŪT—Arab; KOTWANG (J. Eliri)—Nuba.

Tree, 60 ft. high. Leaves alternate, 1 ft. or more long, ovate, tips sometimes reflexed. Flowers small, green or white, in lax axillary spikes; petals (as in others of this genus) 0; stamens 10, in 2 rows. Fruit 2-winged, 3-4 in. long, 1 in. broad.

Fung Prov. (Fazoghli).

Exudes a gum. Bark burnt as perfume by Sudanese women. Wood handsome and close grained, has been sold as Teak.

=T. near macroptera= _Guill._ & _Perr._ SIORO—Golo.

Young leaves purplish, slightly pubescent, mature elliptic, cuneate at each end, about 9 in. long, 3-3½ in. broad, at length quite glabrous. Flowers and fruits not seen.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Wau).

=T. laxiflora= _Engl._ GURFA—Bongo.

Medium tree. Leaves elliptic, rounded at the base, about 6 in. long and 3 in. broad, glabrous. Spikes axillary, very slender, 5-6 in. long. Fruit 2-winged, 3 in. long, 1 in. broad. Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas); Khor Dehab, Blue Nile.

=T. Schweinfurthii= _Eng._ & _Diels._ DURŪT—Arab; LINGA—Dinka.

Very similar to preceding, but leaves very unequal-sided and cuneate at the base and narrowed to the apex.

Kassala Prov. (Gallabat: near the Gendua River); Fung Prov.; Nuba Mts. Prov. (Um Seneina, near J. El Amira & Singukai); Bahr El Ghazal & Mongalla Provinces.

=T. aff. T. Schweinfurthii= _Eng._ & _Diels._ TAMAREIB (Kordn.)—Arab.

Leaves verticillate, ovate to oblong-elliptic, obtuse, sub-cuneate at the base, 3-4 in. long, strongly reticulate and tomentellous below. Fruits narrowly oblong, 2½ in. long, ¾ in. broad, flat, glabrous.

Kordofan Prov. (near Um Ruaba).

=T. salicifolia= _Schwfth._

Stems and leaves glaucous, glabrous. Leaves lanceolate, acute at both ends, 6 in. long, 1-1¾ in. broad, finely reticulate below. Spikes axillary. Young fruit pubescent.

Kassala Prov. (Gallabat).

=T. torulosa= _F. Hoffm._

Tree, 30 ft. Leaves elliptic, rounded at each end, about 9 in. long and 5 in. broad, softly tomentose below and strongly nerved. Spikes about 4 in. long, tomentose. Fruit 3 in. long, 1 in. broad, tomentellous.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas); Mongalla Prov. (Yei River).

=T. sp.=

Tree, 15 ft. high. Leaves broadly elliptic, rounded at each end, 8 in. long and 5 in. broad, reticulate and sparsely pubescent below, with about 15 pairs of lateral nerves. Flowers and fruit not seen.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: Gir, III 228 Schwfth).

=T. Spekei= _Rolfe._

Small tree with rough bark, 10 to 20 ft. high. Leaves elongate oblong- obovate, about 12 in. long and 4 in. broad, very densely and softly tomentose below, with very strong lateral nerves. Fruits oblong- elliptic, 3 in. long, 1½ in. broad, tomentellous.

Bahr El Jebel (Madi).

=T. splendida= _Engl._ & _Diels._ DURŪT—Arab; FIOK or PHUK—Dinka; TO & FIAWE—Golo; FIOK & POH—Jur; GURFA—Bongo; BAKAIPUR—Zande.

Tree, 50 ft. high, with rough bark. Leaves large, elliptic, slightly narrowed at each end, 9 in. long, 4 in. broad, leathery, softly tomentose below.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov.

Bark rough; when powdered, is used as snuff by Sudanese women. This species is very resistant to grass fires.

=T. Brownei= _Fresen._ SUBAKH & SUBARAYA—Arab; TAHAT—Rashida; ’MBRA—Nuba.

Large tree, with delicate branch tracery; old bark rough, young bark smooth, whitish. Fruit 2-winged, purplish-red, up to 3 in. long. Leaves in large tufts near the ends of branches, broadly lanceolate or elliptic acuminate.

Fung Prov.; Darfur Prov. (J. Marra, 5,200 ft.); Kordofan Prov.; Red Sea Prov. (Has Has).

=T. sericea= _Burch._

Small tree; bark steel coloured; the whole covered with silky pubescence. Leaves crowded in pseudo-verticils, oblanceolate-cuspidate. Fruit 2-winged, roundish-ovate, rusty-velvety, 1 in. long.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Biri River).

=T. sp. 1337= _Schwfth._

Shrub, with viscid young parts. Leaves (very young) ovate-elliptic, small, with about 5 pairs of lateral nerves, pubescent on the midrib. Spikes short.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas).

=T. glabra= _Roxb._

Very large tree with smooth bark, flaking off in large pieces. Leaves sub-opposite. Fruit 1½ in. long, 5-winged.

Introduced.

Exudes a gum. The timber is light-brown in colour and fairly strong, but does not resist white ants. The bark is sometimes used for dyeing; it is also considered tonic and astringent. A fine white lime-like ash is obtained by burning the bark.

=T. Dawei= _Rolfe._

Small tree. Leaves elongate-obovate, up to 12 in. long and 4 in. broad, with numerous lateral nerves. Flowers not seen. Fruits red, glaucous, flat, 4 in. long, 1¾ in. broad.

Mongalla Prov. (Yei River).

189 =Anogeissus leiocarpus= _Guill._ & _Perr._ SAHABA (Kordofan) & SEILAG—Arab; DARO—Rashida; SHIRGI (Dilling), KÏRĪD (J. Eliri) & TAMURU (Kadugli)—Nuba; SINGA & M’BA—Golo; KHAI—Hameg; AMMET (Goz El Siada)—Dinka; YIN—Burun; MET—Nuer; SIRINGA—Bongo; BANGA—Zande.

Tall, graceful tree, with slender drooping branches and smooth bark which flakes off. Leaves alternate, ovate-lanceolate. Flowers in globose heads, small; petals 0; fruit small, coriaceous, broadly 2-winged.

Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Fung, Kordofan & Bahr El Ghazal Provinces; Upper White Nile Prov. (Goz El Siada); Bahr El Jebel (Madi); Darfur Prov.; Red Sea Prov. (Has Has).

Timber white, strong, elastic, useful for building carts, implements, etc. Not suitable for railway sleepers. The roots are rich in tannin and the wood ashes are used in W. Africa as a mordant for fixing dyes. Yields an insoluble gum.

=A. near leiocarpus= _Guill._ & _Perr._ SAHABA—Arab.

Differs chiefly by its more marked heartwood.

Kordofan Prov.

Timber dark, hard and capable of taking a good polish.

190 =Gulera senegalensis= _Lam._ OBEISH or RUBEISH—Arab; KŪĪ (J. Eliri)—Nuba.

Small tree or shrub with downy branches, the whole plant minutely black dotted. Leaves opposite, oval, subcordate, cuspidate. Flowers in pedunculate involucrate heads. Fruit densely clothed with very long silky hairs, making a fluffy head.

Kordofan, Darfur & Nuba Mts. Provinces.

Good camel fodder.

191 =Combretum trichanthum= _Fresen._ TARŌB—Rashida; SHĀF—Hadendowa.

Small tree; young branches pubescent. Leaves opposite, elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, 4-8 in. long, densely hairy when young. Flowers 4-merous, small, in axillary spikes; petals obdeltoid, minutely fringed stamens 8, in 2 rows; fruit 4-5 winged, ¾ in. long.

Fung Prov. (Fazoghli); Bahr El Jebel (Madi).

=C. Hartmannianum= _Schwfth._ HABIL (White Nile), SUBAKH or SUBAKH SODA (Fung)—Arab; KARSO (J. Daier), HAGGIARN (Dilling), KWAE (J. Eliri) & N’DARU (Kadugli)—Nuba.

Small to fairly large tree. Leaves opposite, long acuminate-caudate. Flowers: calyx 4-lobed; petals 4, minute; stamens 8, in 2 rows. Fruit 4-winged.

Fung Prov. (Roseires & Jongol’s Post); White Nile Prov. (Jebelein); Nuba Mts. Prov.; Red Sea Prov. (Has Has).

Exudes a gum. The timber is said to be good. Some portions of the tree are used as perfume by the Nuba.

=C. lecananthum= _Engl._ & _Diels._ M’NA—Golo; DERA—Jur.

Small tree. Leaves oblong-elliptic, 4 in. long, 1-1¾ in. broad, thin, glabrous. Racemes shorter than the leaves, slender. Fruits broadly elliptic, 1 in. long, 4-winged, glabrous.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Wau).

=C. multispicatum= _Engl._ & _Diels._ HABIL—Arab; MANĀ or TEPELU—Golo; GŎK—Nuer.

Moderate-sized tree; branchlets and leaves pubescent, the latter alternate, broadly oblong-elliptic, mucronate, 4 in. long, 1¾ in. broad, glossy when young. Flowers paniculate, pubescent, small.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo & Jur-lands).

=C. ghasalense= _Engl._ & _Diels._ HABIL—Arab; TEPELU—Golo; BAZE—Zande.

Moderate-sized tree. Leaves in whorls of 3, oblong-elliptic, acute at both ends, 3 in. long, 1¼ in. broad, glabrous and closely reticulate on both surfaces. Flowers in short panicles, crowded.

Kordofan Prov. (Fertangul); Darfur Prov., Bahr El Ghazal & Mongalla Provinces.

The smoke from the wood is used as perfume by Sudanese women.

=C. brunneum= _Engl._ & _Diels._

Small tree, 20 ft. high; branchlets glabrous. Leaves opposite, ovate- lanceolate, rounded or subcordate at the base, obtuse and emarginate at the apex, 2-2½ in. long, about 1 in. broad, reddish-brown and closely reticulate when dry. Fruits sub-orbicular, 4-winged, ¾ in. broad.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas, Mittu-land).

=C. undulatum= _Wall._ SUBAKH or SUBAKH BEIDA (Fung)—Arab; BOGWEH—Bari; BAZI—Hameg.

Tree, 40 ft. high: branchlets glabrous. Leaves in whorls of 3, oblong- elliptic, acute, 6 in. long, 2 in. broad, undulate, glossy or viscid when young. Flower paniculate, small, hairy.

Fung Prov.; Nuba Mts. Prov. (Ghebeish); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur-land: Kutshuk Ali & Mittu-land: Ngama); Mongalla Prov. (Sh. Thombé).

The smoke from the wood is used as perfume by Sudanese women.

=C. glutinosum= _Perr._

Small tree. Leaves in whorls of 3 or 4. Fruit 4-winged. Flowers small, pubescent, greenish-white, on small axillary spikes.

Bahr El Jebel (Madi).

=C. cordofanum= _Engl._ & _Diels._

Leaves obovate-elliptic, acutely acuminate, 6 in. long, 2½ in. broad, softly tomentose below. Fruits thinly winged, oblong, truncate at the base, 1 in. long, ¾ in. broad, puberulous.

Kordofan Prov. (Um Dajog).

=C. gallabatense= _Schwfth._

Middle-sized tree. Leaves about 6 in. long, lanceolate, hoary pubescent.

Kassala Prov. (Gallabat: Matamma).

=C. Schweinfurthii= _Engl._ & _Diels._

Tree. Leaves variable, from 1½ in. long, obovate to 12 in. long, broadly lanceolate, acute to acuminate. Fruit 4-winged.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: Ngoli & Niamniam-land, by the Gumango).

=C. verticillatum= _Engl._

Small tree, branchlets rusty tomentellous. Leaves in whorls of 4, lanceolate-elliptic, long acuminate, about 8 in. long and 2 in. broad, shortly pubescent and rather densely lepidote-glandular below. Flower- spikes axillary, 2½ in. long. Fruits 4-winged, ¾ in. long, tomentose between the wings.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur-land & Bongo-land: Gir).

=C. bongense= _Engl._

Shrub with sweet-smelling flowers. Leaves clustered ovate-lanceolate, subacute, 3½ in. long, 1½ in. broad, very densely lepidote below, with tufts of hairs in the axils of the leaves. Spikes simple, 3 in. long, tomentose. Fruits broadly elliptic, 1¼ in. long.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: Dakuttu); Nuba Mts. Prov. (J. Debri).

=C. adenogonium= _Steud._

Tree. Leaves usually ternate, ovate to lanceolate, downy beneath, leaving deep scars after falling off. Flowering branches leafless. Flowers small on short woolly spikes. Fruit 4-5-winged, about 1 in. long, shining.

Darfur Prov.

=C. populifolium= _Engl._ & _Diels._ BEMBU—Golo.

Shrub or tree, 20 ft. high. Leaves in whorls of 3, elliptic, sub- acuminate, 3 in. long, 1½ in. broad, densely lepidote below. Fruits suborbicular, 1 in. broad, densely rusty-lepidote.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur-land; S.W. of Old Wau).

=C. splendens= _Engl._

Branchlets softly pubescent. Leaves ovate, more or less slightly cordate at the base, acute, about 5 in. long and 3 in. broad, softly pubescent on both surfaces. Flowers crowded in short spikes, hairy. Fruits elliptic, lepidote, 1¼ in. long.

Darfur Prov. (J. Marra, mid-zone).

=C. lepidotum= _Hochst._

Tree; branches compressed, scaly. Leaves opposite, ovate, acute, 2-4 in. long, viscid, glandular above and densely scaly beneath. Flowers in axillary spikes of the length of the leaves. Fruit lepidote.

Fung. Prov.

=C. collinum= _Fresen._ UM-SUMAIN—Arab; ARGADA—Hameg.

Small tree; fruit 4-winged. Leaves sub-opposite, 3-5 in. long, ovate to elliptical, sparingly scaly above, densely so beneath. Flowers small in simple axillary spikes shorter than the leaves.

Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Fung Prov.; Mongalla Prov. (Sh. Tombé).

=C. parvulum= _Engl._ & _Diels._

Undershrub from a woody rhizome. Leaves oblong, rounded at both ends, very mucronate, 3½ in. long, very strongly reticulate below, pubescent between the veins. Flowers few and clustered at the ends of the peduncle. Fruits broadly elliptic, with membranous wings 1 in. long, puberulous.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Dar Fertit).

=C. paniculatum= _Vent._

Climber with large panicles of small scarlet flowers. Leaves with twisted stalks, elliptic, 5 in. long, 2½ in. broad, glabrous. Fruits suborbicular, with broad membranous wings about 1 in. across.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Mittu-land: Kuddu).

=C. capituliflorum= _Fenzl._

Woody climber. Flowers in globose, densely woolly heads arranged in short terminal and axillary panicles, dull yellow. Leaves opposite or ternate, lanceolate, undulate 4-6 in. long. Fruit 1½ in. long; wings narrow, woody.

Blue Nile Prov. (Fazoghli); White Nile Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land); Bahr El Jebel (Madi).

=C. molle= _R. Br._

Shrub or small tree; young leaves densely hairy.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (between Biri River & Deim Zubeir).

=C. racemosum= _Beauv._

Showy shrub, 20 ft. high. Young leaves and flowers carmine.

Mongalla Prov. (Yei River).

=C. mittuense= _Engl._ & _Diels._

Climber. Leaves oblong-elliptic, acute, about 4 in. long, 2 in. broad, thinly papery, glabrous. Flowers paniculate, with coloured leafy bracts, pale pink, tassel-like; calyx green; stamens carmine. Fruits obovate, with very membranous wings, about 1 in. across.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Mittu-land: by the Roah River).

=C. near C. comosum= _Don._

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: by the Nabambisso River).