Chapter VII: Part 7

Moderate to fairly large tree, with rough bark; pinnæ 2-3-jugate, with a sessile gland between each pair; leaflets 5-11-jugate. Leaves abruptly bipinnate. Flowers in spikes, ab. 3 in. long, white. Pod smooth, oval in cross section. Seeds dark brown.

Nuba Mts. Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov.; Mongalla Prov. (Mongalla); Upper White Nile Prov. (Goz El Siada).

Wood hard, very heavy, density 1.44, regular, strong, fine grained, takes good polish, dark reddish-brown in colour, is used by Bongos and Jurs for making charcoal for iron smelting. Good for carpentry, implements, boat building. Bark used for tanning, also as an antiseptic. Pods used for poisoning fish.

283 =Amblygonocarpus Schweinfurthii= _Harms._ BINDI & NGUASSA—Dinka; BINDI—Jur; M’BOSSO & BISHI—Golo; DURA—Krej; GIER—Bongo.

Large tree, 1-3 ft. diam. Leaves bipinnate; leaflets broadly-elliptic, ¾ in. long, ½ in. broad, glabrous. Racemes 4 in. long. Flowers very numerous, dense, about ¼ in. long, anthers much curved. Fruits quadrangular.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur-land, Golo-land & Dar Fertit).

Wood light, fine grained, easily working, useful for joinery.

284 =Dichrostachys nutans= _Benth._ KADADA—Arab; BARTO (J. Daier), KWĀR (Dilling) & KĒTIER (J. Eliri)—Nuba; RILEH—Bari; KĪR (White Nile), KI (Goz El Siada), KĪR & SHĪR (Mongalla)—Dinka; BAKANGO—Golo; ARBIT—Hameg; KIROH—Shilluk; TILLA or KITCHUN—Burun.

Large armed shrub, the spines being often leaf-bearing. Leaves abruptly bipinnate; pinnæ 5-10-jugate, with a stipitate gland between each pair; leaflets 12-22 pairs. Flowers in dense pink and yellow cylindrical heads; pods much twisted.

Kordofan Prov. & Southern Sudan.

Wood hard, compact, density 0.620, yellow ochre colour, good for cabinet making.

285 =Neptunia oleracea= _Lour._

Aquatic herb, often floating. Leaves bipinnate; pinnæ 2-3 pair, opposite; leaflets 8-20 pair. Flowers in an oblong head, ½-1 in. long, yellow; stamens 10. Pod 1 in. long by ¼ in. wide, long-stalked.

White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol); Kordofan Prov.; Mongalla Prov.

Eaten as a pot-herb.

286 =Mimosa asperata= _Linn._ HAB BITA EL AIN (Baggara), SHAGAR EL FAS & HABBAS—Arab; MOSAGHANI—Hameg; M’BASE—Golo.

Straggling, prickly shrub. Leaves bipinnate, sensitive; pinnæ 7-16 pair; leaflets 25-40-jugate. Flower heads globose, pinkish, on ab. 1 in. long axillary peduncles. Pod very hairy, compressed, linear-oblong, 1 in. long.

Southern Sudan (Edges of watercourses).

The fruit is used as medicine for the eyes in Kordofan.

287 =Acacia Sieberiana= _DC._

Moderate-sized tree, sometimes large. Stipular thorns straight, usually short on flowering shoots. Leaves bipinnate, as in other Sudan species; pinnæ 10-30 pair, with a large gland near base of rachis; leaflets 20-40 pair. Flower-heads globose, on 1-2 in. peduncles, which are solitary below and fascicled above. Pod 6-7 in. long, 2-valved, straight or slightly curved, compressed, ¾ in. broad.

Darfur Prov.: Bahr El Jebel (Madi woods).

Wood hard, yellow ochre colour, density 0.946 heartwood, 0.851 sapwood, readily attacked by insects (white ants, etc.); useful for packing cases, light furniture, mortars, implements. A decoction of the root acts as a vermifuge.

=A. spirocarpa= _Hochst._ SAYAL—Arab; TAWĀR or TOWAI—Hadendowa; KANDIA (J. Daier)—Nuba; MUTU—Bari.

Large tree with bipinnate leaves and straight stipular spines. Flower- heads globose, greenish-white; pods spirally twisted. Pinnæ 4-10 pairs; leaflets 7-15 pair, very small.

Northern Sudan; Blue Nile, White Nile & Kordofan Provinces.

The bast yields a strong fibre. The pods are called ULLAF—Arab.

=A. tortilis= _Hayne._ SAMR—Arab; SANGANEIP & SANGANĒ—Hadendowa; SAKBE—Rashida.

Obconical, flat-topped, large shrub or small tree, with straight and curved spines. Flower-heads globose, whitish; pods twisted. Pinnæ 2-5 pairs, glands on rachis minute or absent, leaflets 8-12 pairs, linear- oblong.

North Sudan.

Sapwood moderately dark or brown, heartwood small, dark brown. Medullary rays fine. Pores uniform, moderate sized, in concentric lines of flat arcs. Wood fairly hard and heavy, used in the Red Sea Prov. for ribs of boats and for pulleys and blocks. It is liable to attacks of boring insects.

=A. nilotica= _DC._

Characters as in the next species, but pods quite glabrous.

Red Sea Prov. (near Suakin); Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Berber Prov.; White Nile Prov. (Wad Shellai).

=A. arabica= _Willd._ SANT, SNUT or SUNT—Arab; ALLWI (Goz El Siada)—Dinka; LENG—Burun; GARAD (Tagele)—Nuba.

Large tree with straight spines, up to 2 in. long. Flower-heads globose, yellow. Pods white, tomentose, much contracted between the seeds. Pinnæ usually 3-12 pairs with or without gland between lowest and, at times, 1 or 2 upper pairs; leaflets 10-30 pairs, linear-oblong.

North Sudan; Blue Nile Prov.; Fung Prov.; White Nile (from 10° N.L. Northwards, rare South of Jebelein); Kordofan Prov.; Upper White Nile Prov. (Goz El Siada).

=var. A. Adansonii= _Guill._ & _Perr._

Differs from above in the pods, which are not or hardly contracted between the seeds.

Kordofan Prov. (El Obeid).

The young bark yields a fibre. Timber hard, heavy, density 0.945 heartwood and 0.827 sapwood, durable, short fibred and somewhat brittle, resistant to water and white ants, used for construction work and boat building, building, etc. The pods, called GARAD by Arabs, as well as the bark, used for tanning, a decoction is administered in dysentery. The pods are also used as a dye. The gum, although inferior to that of _A. Verek_, is an article of commerce; that from India is known as “Ghatti gum.”

=A. verugera= _Schwfth._ KŪK—Arab; ABELAINY (Dilling), KWEILE (J. Eliri) & KUSSI (Kadugli)—Nuba; SHEBIL—Hameg; PUKULI—Bari; KOG (Kaka), TEP (Mongalla), TIP (Renk) & TIPAGOK (Bahr El Ghazal)—Dinka; TIAP—Shilluk; TEF—Nuer; DAGLIE—Zande.

Very large tree with grey-white bark and with straight, white spines, 1½ in. long. Pinnæ 7-14 pair, leaflets 20-30 pairs. Flowers globose, white, about ¾ in. across. Pod up to 6 in. long, slightly curved, flat, thick, ¾ in. wide, green.

Kassala Prov. (near Kassala); South of Lat. 13° N.

Wood white, not durable. The qualities of the gum have yet to be investigated.

=A. nubica= _Benth._ EL UT or AUD & LAOT—Arab; GAMEROT—Rashida; ANJERA (J. Daier), MAIN (Dilling), UNGUS (Tagele) & MA (J. Ghulfan)—Nuba; ANAN (Renk) & KONYAI (Kaka)—Dinka; AFIAD—Shilluk.

Obconical shrub with spines ab. ½ in. long, somewhat recurved. Pinnæ 3-12 pairs with or without 2-3 minute sessile glands; leaflets 6-15 pairs, small, oblong. Pod linear-oblong, narrowed at each end, almost narrowly-winged, yellowish, 2-3 in. long. Flowers in globose heads on 1-3 axillary peduncles.

Kassala, Red Sea, Blue Nile, White Nile & Kordofan Provinces.

The bark is used for tanning. The bast yields a good fibre.

=A. etbaica= _Schwfth._ ARRAD or GARRAD—Hadendowa and Rashida.

Small tree; extremities at first red-brown; stipular thorns straight, short. Pinnæ 3-6 pairs, without glands; leaflets 14-30 pairs. Peduncles 3-5 in each axil, bearing rather few-flowered globose heads. Pods linear, compressed, almost straight, brown, glabrous up to 3½ in. long.

Red Sea Prov.

The bark is used for tanning.

=A. Seyal= _Del._ TELEH (Baggara), TALH HAMRA or TALHA—Arab; ME (J. Daier), SHALEIH (Dilling), TEILI (J. Eliri) & TIRIGO (Kadugli)—Nuba; KUKATI—Bari; BI (Kaka), RATT (Renk) & TEP (Mongalla)—Dinka; MELA—Hameg; TEIB & LUOR—Nuer; ALLAD—Shilluk.

Small to middle-sized tree, with rufous bark; spines white, straight or nearly so, up to 1½ in. long. Pinnæ 11-12 pairs; leaflets 18-22 pairs. Flowers globose, yellow, about 1 in. diam. Pods ab. 3 in. long, curved, slightly contracted between the seeds.

Throughout the Sudan.

Wood white, not durable, liable to attacks of insects, especially if cut green. The gum is of good quality but inferior to that of _A. Verek_. The bark is used for tanning and the bast yields a fibre. Native women fumigate themselves with the wood smoke.

=A. Seyal= _Del._ =var. Fistula= _Schwfth._ TALH BEID & SOFFAR—Arab; SHALEIH WIWI (Dilling)—Nuba; BAGU—Hameg; KONAIYER (Kaka) & TEP (Mongalla)—Dinka; ASHAR—Shilluk.

South Sudan.

Much like preceding but bark white and the bases of the thorns inflated.

Moister parts of the Sudan.

Has the same qualities as Red Talh.

=A. Ehrenbergiana= _Hayne._ SALLAM—Arab.

Shrub with brown papery bark. Flower-heads globose, golden yellow. Spines slender, straight, also hooked. Pinnæ 1-2 pairs; leaflets 8-10 pairs, oblong. Pod narrow-linear, falcate, constricted between the seeds, up to 4½ in. long.

Northern Sudan, usually in arid tracts.

Yield a gum.

=A. stenocarpa= _Hochst._

Small tree; spines straight, short. Flowers globose, yellow; pods curved as in _A. Seyal_. Pinnæ 4-10 pairs with at least 1 gland, sessile at base of the rachis; leaflets 10-20 pairs, linear oblong.

Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); White Nile Prov.; Bahr El Jebel (Nyangara); Mongalla Prov.

One of the species affording the Gum-arabic of commerce.

=A. Verek= _Guill._ & _Perr._ HASHAB & SUBAHI (Wad Medani)—Arab; KALIALMO (J. Daier) & TŪT (Dilling)—Nuba; KADOFI—Bari; ATĪYDOK (Kaka) & CHIANDOK (or CHIANDAK) (Mongalla)—Dinka; GARANDAK—MESHIRG—EDIN—Hameg; ADHWAG—Shilluk; BAM—Nuer.

Small to moderate-sized tree; spines 3, stout, sharp, dark brown, short, two straight and one recurved. Pinnæ 3-5 pairs; leaflets 10-15 pairs. Flowers in lax cylindrical spikes, white. Pods thin, straight, papery, 3 in. long.

Southern Nubia; From Berber Province to Mongalla; Fung, Darfur & Kordofan Provinces.

Wood dark, durable. This tree yields the best gum of commerce.

=A. glaucophylla= _Steud._ HASHAB (Kassala & Karora)—Arab.

Large shrub or small tree, glabrous, or extremities puberulous; infra- stipular prickles 2-3, short, straight or slightly recurved, often absent. Pinnæ 3-6-jugate, with small gland at base of rachis; leaflets 12-20 pairs, oblong. Spikes 1-3 in axils; flowers white. Pod linear, flat, narrowed each end, 3-4 in. long.

Between Suakin & Berber (Omareg); Kassala Prov. (J. Kassala); Red Sea Prov. (Karora hills).

=A. mellifera= _Benth._ KITTIR—Arab; KAWTAW (J. Daier) & URŪM (Kadugli)—Nuba; NARAH (Renk)—Dinka.

Small tree or shrub; infra-stipular prickles 2, short, recurved. Pinnæ 2-jugate; leaflets 1 pair per pinna, obovate-oblong or -rotundate. Spikes axillary, fascicled, white. Pod 2 in. long, flat, oblong.

Red Sea Prov. (between Sinkat & Erkowit & Katai Geraite); Around Kassala & Gedaref routes; From Khartoum to Upper Nile Prov.; Blue Nile Prov. (Wad Medani to Sennar); Kordofan & Darfur Provinces.

This tree, which grows gregariously, forms often most impenetrable thorny thickets. The fibre from the liber is largely used in making sacks to hold gum.

=A. læta= _R. Br._

Small tree; prickles short, black, shining. Pinnæ 2-3 pairs; leaflets 3-5 pairs, oblanceolate, oblong. Spikes axillary, solitary or fascicled. Pod 2-3 in. long, flat, oblong, often once or twice constricted, coriaceous.

Red Sea Prov. (J. Waratab, near Suakin); Fung Prov.; White Nile Prov. (Nyemati); Kordofan Prov.

=A. albida= _Del._ HARAZ—Arab; SIRTU (J. Daier), NAGAN (Tagele), URĀD (Dilling & J. Ghulfan) & FORWEK (Kadugli)—Nuba.

The largest of Sudan Acacias; branches whitish; spines short, straight. Flowers white, in spikes, which are axillary, solitary or in pairs. Pinnæ 4-6 pairs, with a gland between each pair; leaflets 7-17 pairs, oblong. Pod 2-5 in. long, flat, curved, often sinuous.

Red Sea Prov. (Erkowit); From Dongola to Bahr El Ghazal Prov.; Blue Nile, Kordofan, Darfur & Mongalla Provinces.

Wood white, liable to attacks of insects, used for boat-building. Pod fleshy, somewhat twisted, called KHARUMA by Arabs, good cattle fodder.

=A. Suma= _Kurz._ KAKAMŪT & SINEIN—Arab; PANKAJA (Dilling)—Nuba; FIIT (Renk) & PAIT (Kaka)—Dinka; ODU—Hameg; NIARUD—Shilluk; NGWER—Nuer; VURRA—Zande.

Small to moderate-sized tree with dark, fissured bark. Prickles broad- based, sharply recurved. Pinnæ 10-30 pairs, with a gland at the base of each pair and another below the first pair; leaflets 30-50 pairs. Flowers in pale-yellow spikes. Pods 3-4 in. long, crustaceous, brown when ripe.

Fung, White Nile & Kordofan Provinces; Upper White Nile Prov. (Sobat River); Bahr El Ghazal Prov.; Mongalla Prov.

Usually in more or less wet ground. Timber dark coloured, strong, used in making ploughs. The wood probably yields a Catechu.

=A. hecatophylla= _Steud._

Tree, branches hoary-tomentose; prickles short, recurved. Pinnæ 10-30 pairs; leaflets 30-50 pairs, larger than in _A. Suma_, Kurz, oblong, obtuse. Flowering spikes white, solitary or fascicled. Pod oblong, obtuse, coriaceous, 7 in. long.

Bahr El Jebel (Madi).

=A. ataxacantha= _DC._

Small tree or shrub, with short, decurved, scattered prickles. Leaf- rachis with a raised gland near the base; pinnæ 7-15 pairs; leaflets 20-40 pairs, linear-subfalcate. Flower spikes dense, white, solitary or in pairs, axillary. Pod broad-linear, flat, papery.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: Sabbi); Darfur Prov. (Kulme).

=A. macrostachya= _Reichenb._

Tree, green parts rusty-tomentose; prickles short, recurved, scattered. Leaf-rachis with a sessile gland near the base; pinnæ 14-30 pairs; leaflets 25-50 pairs, linear, subfalcate. Spikes 3-4 in. long, axillary, fascicled.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov.

=A. pennata= _Willd._

Scandent shrub; prickles sharp, recurved, scattered over branchlets, under petioles and on inflorescence. Pinnæ 8-20 pairs; leaflets up to 70 pairs. Flower-heads globular, white or pale yellow. Pod reddish-brown, thin, ab. 4 in. long.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Shambé & Bongo-land).

=A. near reficiens= _Wawra_ & _Peyr._ SALGAM (Kordn.)—Arab; IMGYEN (Dilling)—Nuba.

Tree, in habit not unlike _A. spirocarpa_; twigs nodose; spines straight, up to 1½ in. long. Flowers not seen; pods curved, somewhat turgid. Bark dark and rough; heartwood dark brown. Leaflets about 15 pairs, oblong, ⅙ in. long, ciliate.

Nuba Mts. Prov. (from Sungikai South).

Heartwood very dark brown. Exudes a gum.

=A. near gummifera= _Willd._ MIT—Bari.

Tall tree, with habit and bark of _A. arabica_; timber light red, without heartwood. Flowers not seen; pods curved, somewhat turgid.

Mongalla Prov. (Sh. Tombé).

=A. near papyracea= _Hochst._

Prickles ⅙ in. long, hairy at the base. Leaflets about 15 pairs, oblong, ⅙ in. long, veinless, glabrous. Flowers in heads about ⅓ in. diam. Fruits not seen.

Kordofan Prov. (J. Kon).

=A. sp. near albida= _Del._

Small tree, 15-20 ft. high. Leaflets about 25 pairs, linear-oblong, rounded at the apex, glaucous, ⅓ in. long, the lowermost pair very small. Flowers in spikes, white; pod not seen.

Mongalla Prov. (Lado).

=A. Farnesiana= _Willd._

Shrub; spines straight, stipular. Pinnæ 4-8 pairs; leaflets 12-20 pairs. Flower-heads globose, deep yellow, sweet-scented; pod 2-3 in. long, turgid.

Introduced.

288 =Albizzia amara= _Boivin._ ARRADA—Arab; SUK (J. Daier), ORBOL (Dilling) & MINKIGILI (Kadugli)—Nuba; MĪLLOA (Goz El Siada)—Dinka; BIMYA—Burun.

Unarmed moderate-sized to large tree. Leaves bipinnate; pinnæ 10-20 pairs; leaflets 25-35 pairs, linear. Flower-heads dense, ab. 1 in. in diameter, yellow or pinkish. Pod linear-oblong, 4-8 in. long, edges undulate.

Blue Nile Prov. (Sheikh Talha); Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post); Kordofan Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (between Meshra El Rek & Tonj); Darfur Prov.; Upper White Nile Prov. (Goz El Siada).

Timber strong; yields a gum.

=A. anthelmintica= _A. Brongn._ TĀKIRNI, UMTAKIRNI, UMGIRSH & GERFET EL DŪD (All Kordofan)—Arab; EIBELAINY (Dilling)—Nuba; AGWAR—Shilluk.

Moderate-sized tree, with smooth, grey bark, unarmed. Leaves bipinnate with 1 or more sessile glands on the rachis. Pinnæ 1-4 pairs; leaflets 2-5 pairs, the upper larger, sometimes up to 1¾ in. long, obliquely obovate, mucronate. Flower-heads fascicled or solitary in upper axils, whitish. Pod 2-6 in. long, sinuous, crustaceous.

White Nile Prov.; Kordofan & Nuba Mts. Prov. (from Habbania southwards); Upper White Nile Prov. (Meshra El Zeraf W.S.); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Dar Fertit: Deim Guju).

Heartwood red, very hard, durable, works well. The bark (?) is used by Abyssinians against Tape-worm.

=A. ferruginea= _Benth._ ?SIAP—Dinka; BEKILI & BIRI—Golo; M’BALIM—Bongo; N’ZANGARNE—Zande.

Medium-sized tree with rusty pubescence. Pinnæ 3-6 pairs; leaflets 8-16 pairs, oblong, obtuse, ab. ½ in. long. Flower-heads capitate, more or less silky. Pod straight, linear, 4-6 in. long.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov.

=A. Lebbek= _Benth._ LABAKH, LEBBEK—Arab.

Large tree with dark-grey bark. Pinnæ 2-4 pairs; leaflets 5-9 pairs, rather large, unequal sided. Flowers white in few flowered heads. Pod up to 12 in. long, up to 2 in. wide, linear-oblong, thin, pale yellow.

Introduced as a shade-tree.

Wood handsome, brown, fine grained, takes a good polish, is known in the trade as “Indian Walnut.” Does not last long in exposed situations. The bark is used for tanning and the seeds are astringent. The tree yields a gum not unlike Gum-arabic.

=A. Aylmeri= _Hutch._ SEREIRA, GARADAYA—Arab.

Large tree, 75 ft. high, 8 ft. in girth. Leaflets oblong-elliptic, rounded on one side, cuneate on the other at the base, 1-1½ in. long, ½-1 in. broad, glaucous green and puberulous below, with about 8 pairs of looped lateral nerves. Peduncle 1½ in. long, thinly pubescent. Calyx- lobes villous. Fruit 8 in. long, 1¼ in. broad, glabrous, obscurely transversely nervose.

Fung Prov. (River Dinder).

=A. Brownei= _Walp._ ?ĀKATAGAN—Jur.

Moderate-sized tree. Leaf-rachis with 1 sessile gland at base and another between uppermost pinnæ; pinnæ 2-3 pairs; leaflets 3-5 pairs, rhomboid to ovate, up to 3 in. long. Flower-heads forming broad corymbose racemes, 3-4 in. long. Pod linear-oblong, 4-6 in. long.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur & Bongo-lands, Dar Fertit); Mongalla Prov. (Yambi Khor).

Wood is durable and suitable for building purposes.

=A. Welwitschii= _Oliv._

Large tree, up to 80 ft. high; extremities glabrous or tawny-puberulous. Leaf-rachis 3-10 in. long, with 1 gland near the base and 1 or more above; pinnæ 3-5 pairs; leaflets 4-8 pairs obliquely ovate to rhomboid, up to 2 in. long. Flower-heads forming short terminal corymbs or 1-2 together, axillary. Pod straight or slightly curved, 4-5 in. long.

Fung Prov. (Fazoghli).

=A. sp.= MANDOMI—Bari.

Tree, 30-40 ft. Leaflets 4 pairs, very obliquely oblong, about 1½ in. long, ¾ in. broad, glabrous, except the puberulous midrib. Fruits 5½ in. long, 1 in. broad, reticulate.

Mongalla Prov. (Sillitoe No. 191).

=A. sp.= BENDE—Golo or Dinka.

Fruits flat, 5 in. long, 1 in. broad, glabrous. Seeds broadly elliptic, flat, ½ in. long, with a large wrinkled aril.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (by the Pongo River, 8° N.L.)

=PAPILIONACEÆ.=

289 =Lotononis Leobordea= _Benth._

Small procumbent herb, silky pubescent. Flowers 2-5, sessile, in axils of 3-fol. leaves; calyx with 4 upper teeth more or less connate; corolla yellow; stamens 10, monadelphous, the tube slit along the top. Pod length of calyx, linear-oblong, turgid.

Red Sea Prov. (Dongonab).

290 =Rothia hirsuta= _Baker._

Small annual; corolla white to pale violet; stamens 10, monadelphous; tubes slit along the top; calyx deeply 5-cleft. Pod lanceolate, inflated. Leaves 3-fol.

Khartoum & Kordofan Provinces.

291 =Crotalaria thebaica= _DC._ TAKTAKA (Atbara), UMANKEIT or NUTTASH (N. Kordn.)—Arab.

Shrubby herb; flowers pale yellow; stamens 10, monadelphous, in a tube slit along the top; style abruptly bent upwards in this genus; pod ¼ in. long. Leaves simple, sessile, oblong, silky.

North Sudan; Between Goz Regeb & Kassala; Berber Prov. (Atbara); Kordofan Prov. (North & West); Darfur Prov. (60 m. N.E. of El Fasher).

Used as one of the ingredients to cure gonorrhœa.

=C. Vogelii= _Benth._

Erect, hairy herb, 2-3 ft. high. Leaves simple, linear to linear- lanceolate. Flowers in lax racemes, yellow, veined purple. Pod ⅜ in. long, linear-oblong.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas).

=C. calycina= _Schrank._

Erect herb, 1-2 ft. high, or more, very hairy; leaves variable, nearly sessile, simple. Flowers large, hairy, yellow, 4-8 in terminal racemes, peduncles stout, deflexed in fruit, bracts in pairs, beneath each flower; calyx large, equalling petals; pod rather short, glabrous.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas).

=C. sphærocarpa= _Guill._ & _Perr._

Annual with 3-fol. leaves; leaflets sessile, linear-oblong. Flowers in long-stalked, lax racemes; cor. yellow. Pod roundish-oblong, ⅙ in. long.

Kordofan Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur-land & Niamniam-land).

=var. angustifolia= _Hochst._

Leaflets linear-oblong, sessile, glabrous above, appressed-pubescent below. Racemes many-flowered, 3-6 in. long. Pods sessile, obovoid, ¼ in. long, pubescent, often 2-seeded.

Kordofan & Bahr El Ghazal Provinces.

=var. grandiflora= _Schwfth._

Leaflets linear-oblanceolate. Flowers larger: keel ¼-⅓ in. long.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur-land).

=C. atrorubens= _Hochst._

Herb 18 in. to 3 ft. high; corolla yellow, tinged with red; pod sessile, ⅜ in. long, silky. Leaves nearly sessile; leaflets 3, subsessile, terminal, one oblanceolate, silky beneath.

Kordofan Prov., Darfur Prov. (Kulme).

=C. ononoides= _Benth._

Herb. Leaves trifoliate, leaflets oblong-elliptic or lanceolate, acute, 1-2 in. long, pubescent below. Pod sessile, glabrous, ⅓ in. long.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: Addai).

=C. lupinioides= _Hochst._

Shrubby plant. Fl. yellow in elongate racemes; pod much curved upwards, filled with silky hairs. Leaflets 3, subsessile.

Nubia (between Suakin & Berber); Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Berber Prov.

=C. spinosa= _Hochst._

Shrubby, spiny annual, 6-18 in. high. Leaflets 3, emarginate. Flowers yellow, solitary or in pairs from the axils of spines.

Widely distributed in White Nile & Bahr El Jebel; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: Nganye).

=C. laburnifolia= _Linn._

Semi-shrubby herb. Leaves 3-fol.; keel of corolla very long-beaked; pod long-stalked, inflated.

Darfur Prov. (Kulme).

=C. near laburnifolia= _Linn._

Shrub plant, under cultivation reaching 8-10 ft. in height. Corolla yellow, not streaked with purple; keel much recurved.

Nuba Mts. Prov. (Dilling).

=C. polysperma= _Kotschy._

Rufous, villous herb. Leaflets 3, short-stalked, obovate-oblong. Flowers 6-8, in lax, lateral, long-peduncled racemes.

White Nile Prov.

=C. polysperma= _Kotschy._ =subspecies C. Grantii= _Baker._ TAKTAKA (Meshra El Zeraf)—Arab; DIAGNE (Meshra El Zeraf)—Dinka.

Villous herb; corolla blue in bud. Pod subsessile, turgid, with fine brown hairs; seeds 30-40.

Upper White Nile Prov. (Meshra El Zeraf & southwards).

=C. intermedia= _Kotschy._

Annual, 2-3 ft. high. Corolla usually yellow, but in specimens from the Bahr El Jebel it is much streaked with purple and sometimes quite purple.

Upper Nile Prov. (Tonga: Ragaba); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur-land); Mongalla Prov. (Gemeiza & Mongalla); Darfur Prov. (Zalingei); Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post).

The Bongos make strong string from its fibre.

=C. brevidens= _Benth._

Erect herb. Leaflets 3, subsessile, glabrous, linear. Flowers in few- flowered terminal racemes. Pod cylindrical, glabrous, 1½ in. long.

Nubia.

=C. cannabina= _Schwfth._ URU—Golo; KHOLO—Bongo; AWIRKI—Zande.

Tall, shrubby herb, erect, stems sulcate, winged. Leaves 3-foliolate; leaflets oblong or oblong-elliptic, 2-4½ in. long. Flowers large, numerous, in racemes. Pods oblong-cylindric, 1½-2 in. long, becoming glabrous.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur-land, Niamniam & Bongo lands).

The fibre is used for ropes and in Bongo-land the plant is cultivated.

=C. maxillaris= _Klotzsch._ ABKILEH (Atbara) SAFEIRA, SABARIG & TAWILA (Abu Haraz, Blue Nile)—Arab.

Shrubby herb, 2-3 ft. high, downy. Leaflets 3, subsessile, oblong. Racemes terminal, many-flowered; corolla yellow. Pod oblong, very silky, ⅜ in. long.

Berber Prov. (near El Damer); Blue Nile Prov. (Abu Haraz); White Nile Prov.; Kordofan Prov. (Tueir & El Greo); Darfur Prov.

=C. Forbesii= _Baker._

Undershrub, 12-18 in. high, densely grey-downy. Flowers yellowish, axillary, solitary or in pairs. Pod silky, under ½ in. long.

Fung Prov. (Abu Naama).

=C. Dilloniana= _Baker._

Herb; leaflets 3, glabrous, central one 3½ in. long and 1 in. broad. Pod ¾ in. long, linear, deflexed on elongated terminal racemes.

Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land).

=C. Quartiniana= _A. Rich._

Silky herb, 1 ft. high. Leaflets 3, central one 1½ in. long. Racemes lateral, 3-4 flowered; corolla reddish. Pod 1 in. long and ½ in. thick, glabrous.

Fung Prov. (Jongol’s post); Upper White Nile Prov. (Meshra El Zeraf); Darfur Prov. (Zalingei); Kordofan (Obeid).

=C. microphylla= _Vahl._

Tufted herb, up to 1 ft. high. Leaflets 3, very small, sessile. Flowers axillary, solitary or in pairs, yellow. Pod oblong, glabrous, under ½ in. long.

Red Sea Prov.; White Nile Prov. (Geteina).

=C. microcarpa= _Hochst._

Herb, 6-12 in. high, thinly brown-silky. Leaflets 3, central one ½ in. long, linear-oblong. Flowers yellow, in clusters of 2-4. Pod ¼ in. long, silky.

Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol).

=var. Dawei= _Baker fil._

Kordofan & Darfur Provinces.

Rather woody; cor. tinged with red. Leaves rather broader than in type.

Mongalla Prov. (Bari-land).

=var. Sudanica= _Baker fil._

Slender annual. Leaves narrow, ashy grey; racemes lax, 2-3 flowered. Pod sessile, sub-globose.

Nuba Mts. Prov.

=C. podocarpa= _DC._

Herb 1-2 ft. high. Leaflets 3, sessile, oblanceolate. Flowers axillary, 2-3 together, yellow. Pod up to 1 in. long and ½ in. thick.

White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol).

=C. goreensis= _Guill._ & _Perr._

Shrubby herb, 1-3 ft. high. Stipules ¼ to ½ in. long, lanceolate- falcate. Flowers 10-20 in dense heads, yellow tinged with red. Pod oblong ¾ in. long.

Nubia; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Shambé).

=C. Deflersii= _Schwfth._ (= =C. senegalensis= _Bacle_). FARTAGA (Bl. Nile)—Arab.

Bushy herb, 1-2 ft. high. Leaves 3-fol.; leaflets sessile, oblong to oblanceolate. Racemes terminal, 20-30 flowered; corolla bright yellow. Pod about ½ in. long, 10-12 seeded.

Red Sea Prov.; Blue Nile Prov. (Upper); White Nile Prov. (Hillet Abbas); Kordofan Prov. (Abu Gerad).

=C. elata= _Welw._

Erect undershrub, 2-3 ft. high. Leaflets 3, oblong-lanceolate, adpressed brown silky below. Flowers yellow, 1 in. long, 3-6 together on short leaf-opposed peduncles. Pod oblong, subsessile 1½ in. long, with dense brown silky hairs.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land).

=C. pycnostachya= _Benth._

Herb, about 18 in. high. Leaflets 3, central one 1 in. long. Flowers 20-50 in dense lateral racemes 2-3 in. long. Pod cylindrical, ⅜ in. long, downy.

Fung Prov. (near Roseires).

=C. astragalina= _Hochst._

Herb, about 1 ft. high. Leaflets 3, central one 1½ in. long. Flowers 6-12 in dense lateral racemes, yellow, streaked with purple. Pod cylindrical, ½ in. long.

Kassala Prov. (Gallabat: by the Gendua River); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land).

=C. bongensis= _Baker fil._

Annual with slender branches. Leaves simple, linear-lanceolate, 3-5 cm. long, 0.5 cm. broad, pilose beneath. Racemes axillary. Flowers small. Pod subsessile, oblong, 7-8 cm. long, at first densely pubescent, 8-seeded.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: Gir, Jur-land: Jur Ghattas).

=C. retusa= _Linn._ URU—Golo.

Woody herb. Leaves simple, oblanceolate, sessile, 2 in. long. Racemes 4-6 in. long, terminal. Corolla yellow. Pod linear, 1½ in. long.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov.

The fibre is used for ropes and nets.

=C. falcata= _Vahl._

Shrubby, 2-3 ft. high. Leaflets 3, obovate, central one 1½ in. long. Racemes lax, terminal and axillary; cor. yellow, keel much upcurved. Pod 1½ in. long, cylindrical.

Upper White Nile Prov. (Sobat River, Nasser).

=C. striata= _DC._ BIRBUS—Arab; URU—Golo.

Erect woody herb, up to 6 ft. high. Pod glabrous, 20-30 seeded, ½ in. long. Cor. bright yellow. Leaflets 3.

Nubia; Bahr El Ghazal Prov.; Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post).

The fibre is used in the Bahr El Ghazal for making nets for catching big game.

=C. zanzibarica= _Benth._

Small undershrub. Flowers yellow; legumes oblong. Racemes terminal of 10-20 flowers.

Upper White Nile Prov. (between Abwong & Nasser).

=C. platycalyx= _Steud._

Bushy herb; cor. white or yellow; keel long-beaked, much upcurved. Racemes lateral, few-flowered. Pod long-stalked, cylindrical, ab. 1½ in. long. Leaflets 3, central one 2½ in. long.

Upper White Nile Prov. (Meshra El Zeraf to Malakal).

292 =Lupinus Termis= _Forsk._ TIRMIS—Arab.

Silky herb, 1-3 ft. high. Leaves digitate, 5-7 fol. Racemes of 4-12 flowers. Cor. blue and white. Pod 3 in. long and ab. ½ in. thick.

Sudan North.

Cultivated for the seed which is highly nutritious and credited with mild medicinal properties.

293 =Argyrolobium abyssinicum= _Jaub._ & _Spach._

Herb, 6-18 in. high. Leaves 3-fol.; leaflets linear or oblanceolate. Racemes axillary, 2-3 flowered; calyx bilabiate, the two upper teeth free; cor. pale yellow. Pod linear, grey silky, ab. 1 in. long.

Nubia; Red Sea Prov. (21°-22° N.L.); Blue Nile Prov. (Upper).

=A. Schimperianum= _Hochst._

Small shrub. Leaves 3-fol.; leaflets obovate, blunt, not more than 1 in. long. Flowers 3-8 in terminal heads, yellow. Pod linear brown-silky.

Kordofan Prov.

294 =Trigonella Fœnum-græcum= _Linn._ HELBA—Arab.

Annual, 1-2 ft. high. Leaflets 3, obovate-cuneate. Flowers yellow, solitary or in pairs, axillary. Pod linear-falcate, 2-4 in. long.

Northern Sudan. (Cultivated as a vegetable.)

The seeds yield a yellow dye; the yellow decoction gives a fine permanent green with Sulphate of Copper. Medicinally the seeds are used to cure dyspepsia, diarrhœa and dysentery.

=T. hamosa= _Linn._

Annual. Leaflets 3, obovate-cuneate, the upper margin inciso-crenate. Flowers yellow, 6-12 in axillary racemes. Pod linear-falcate.

Dongola Prov. (Opposite Letti); Berber Prov. (Shendi); Khartoum; White Nile; Kordofan Prov. (Habaga).

=T. occulta= _Del._

Annual; leaflets toothed near apex; stipules deeply laciniate from the apex. Flowers yellow, in axillary clusters of 2-4. Pod elliptical, reticulated.

Khartoum, Fung & Kordofan Provinces.

The seeds are sometimes used for dysentery; the plants and pods are eaten as a pot-herb.

=T. laciniata= _Linn._

Diffuse glabrous annual. Stipules laciniate; leaflets 3, deeply serrated. Racemes of 6-12 axillary, yellow flowers. Pod linear oblong, transversely veined.

Dongola Prov.

295 =Medicago sativa= _Linn._ BERSĪM HEGAZI—Arab. Lucerne.

Herb; pod spirally contorted, so as to form 2 or 3 flat spires. Leaflets 3, linear-oblanceolate, serrate on upper margin; stipules narrow. Flowers violet or blue, in axillary racemes.

Introduced.

The Arabian variety is mostly cultivated in the Sudan. Under irrigation it is an excellent fodder crop.

296 =Trifolium fragiferum= _Linn._

Herb; heads globular; flowers small; calyx inflated after flowering. Leaflets 3, obovate, toothed.

Red Sea Prov. (Erkowit).

=T. procumbens= _Linn._

Slender, glabrous or slightly downy annual; flower-heads loosely globular. Leaflets obovate or obcordate, toothed.

Red Sea Prov. (Erkowit).

=T. alexandrinum= _Linn._ BERSĪM BALADI—Arab.

Glabrous herb, 1-2 ft. high. Flowers 20-30 in. in dense oblong, long- stalked heads, yellow. Pod minute. Leaflets sessile, obovate-cuneate, toothed.

Northern Sudan (cultivated).

297 =Lotus nubicus= _Hochst._

Procumbent herb, 3-6 in. high; leaves pinnate; leaflets 3-5, the lowest pair close to the axil. Flowers reddish-yellow, 1-4 together with a leaflet-like bract at the base of the cluster. Pod linear-oblong, small.

Red Sea Prov. (Dongonab, etc.); White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol, etc.).

=L. arabicus= _Linn._ LŪTABELAIN (Meshra El Zeraf)—Arab; AKIA (Meshra El Zeraf)—Dinka.

Prostrate or procumbent herb with thick rootstock. Leaflets 5. Flowers reddish, 2-4 together with a leaflet-like bract. Pod linear, slightly torulose up to 1½ in. long.

Red Sea Prov. (21° N.L. & Akik); Khartoum Prov.; Blue Nile Prov.; Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post); Upper White Nile Prov. (Meshra El Zeraf to Khor Attar).

It is said to be poisonous to cattle when young.

=L. glinoides= _Del._

Shrubby herb, 6-12 in. high. Leaflets 5. Flowers reddish, 1-4 together, with a 3-fol. bract. Pod linear, subtorulose.

Nubia; Red Sea Prov. (Dongonab).

=L. Garcini= _DC._

Shrubby herb, 6-12 in. high. Leaflets 3. Flowers reddish, solitary, axillary sessile. Pod linear, nearly ½ in. long.

White Nile Prov.

=L. sp. near L. Ehrenbergii= _Schwfth._

Small herb, woody at base; stems and leaves villous; leaflets very small, obovate. Flowers 3-4 in a cluster, pink. Pods linear, ¾ in. long, pilose.

Red Sea Prov. (Erkowit).

=L. corniculatus= _Linn._

Decumbent or ascending herb, usually small; leaflets 5, of which the lower pair is close to the stem; flowers in an umbel of 5 or more; pod cylindrical.

Darfur Prov. (J. Marra: high elevation).

=L. sp.=

Stems elongated, sparsely leafy, pilose. Leaves small, villous. Flowers ½ in. long; calyx lobes subulate, 2 mm. long.

Red Sea Prov. (21° N.L.).

298 =Psoralea plicata= _Del._ RUBL or RUML (N. Kordn.)—Arab; HURGIG—Hadendowa.

Low spiny shrub. Leaflets 3, deeply crenate and silvery pubescent. Flowers 4-6 in axillary spikes; cor. creamy white. Pod villose, black.

Kassala Prov. (Um Adam); Berber Prov. (Nile banks); Blue Nile Prov. (Rufaa); Fung Prov. (Singa); Kordofan Prov.

299 =Cyamopsis senegalensis= _Guill._ & _Perr._

Herb, 6-12 in. high. Leaves 3-7 pinnately fol. Flowers 4-6 in axillary racemes, reddish. Pod linear, subtetragonous.

Between Suakin & Berber (Wadi Dimehadit); White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol).

300 =Indigofera linifolia= _Retz._

Annual, 6-9 in. high; leaves simple; pod globose. Flowers red, in axillary racemes. Anthers, in this genus, with apiculate connective.

Red Sea Prov. (21° N.L.); Kassala Prov. (Gallabat).

It is given medicinally in febrile eruptions.

=I. Dewevrei= _M. Mich._

Undershrub; stems angular. Leaves simple, linear, very acute, 2-2½ in. long, shortly strigose-pubescent on both sides. Fls. axillary, solitary.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: Gir).

=I. tetrasperma= _Schum._ & _Thonn._

Much branched undershrub, 1-2 ft. high. Leaves simple linear. Flowers scarlet, 1-2 in axils of leaves. Pod linear with a mucro.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur-land: Agada, Bongo-land: Sabbi).

=I. bongensis= _Kotschy_ & _Peyr._

Small procumbent herb. Leaves simple, obovate. Fl. purple, in axillary racemes. Pod narrow-linear, silky, ¾ in. long.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur-land & Bongo-land).

=I. achyranthoides= _Taubert._

Stems short from a woody rhizome, minutely pubescent. Leaves simple, obovate-oblanceolate, acutely mucronate, very closely appressed- puberulous. Racemes spike-like, axillary, 3½ in. long. Fls. at length reflexed; calyx-lobes subulate.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Wau).

=I. Schweinfurthii= _Taubert._

Leaves simple or up to 4-foliate; leaflets linear-oblanceolate acutely mucronate, up to 2 in. long and ⅙ in. broad, appressed-setulose. Racemes much longer than the leaves. Fls. very small.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur-land: Kutshuk Ali & Bongo-land: by the Lehsi River).

=I. arenaria= _A. Rich._

Small herb densely branched from base. Leaves usually simple rarely 3-5 fol. Flowers axile in subsessile abbreviated racemes; cor. bright purple. Pod narrow-linear, silky, ½ in. long.

Suakin to Berber (Obak); Dongola Prov.

=I. pulchra= _Vahl._

Undershrub, 2-5 ft. high. Leaflets 3-7. Infl. various, panicled or solitary; cor. scarlet, silky outside. Pod small, oblong, villose.

Fung Prov. (Fazoghli); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur-land: Kutshuk Ali).

=I. diphylla= _Vent._

Woolly herb or undershrub, up to 2 ft. high. Leaflets 2, terminal one longer. Fl. pink in short dense, axillary racemes. Pod linear, beaked silky, ½ in. long.

Kordofan Prov.; Darfur Prov. (50 m. east of El Fasher).

=I. bracteolata= _DC._ DERMA (N. Kordn.)—Arab.

Undershrub, 1-2 ft. high. Leaflets 3-5. Racemes with a leaflet-like bract at the base of each reddish flower. Pod small, oblong, mucronate.

Fung Prov. (Fazoghli); North Kordofan Prov. (W. of Mazrul); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas).

=I. strobilifera= _Hochst._

Herb, 1 ft. high. Leaflets 5-7. Flowers in dense heads with large roundish bracts concealing the flowers. Pod small, oblong, subterete, mucronate.

White Nile & Kordofan Provinces.

=I. spinosa= _Forsk._ SANGADD—Hadendowa.

Branched shrub, with rigid spines 1½ in. long. Leaves simple and 3-fol. Flowers red, solitary from the spines. Pod ½ in. long, linear, mucronate, subtorulose.

Red Sea Prov. (Erkowit to 22° N.L.); between Suakin and Berber (Wadi Arab).

=I. sparsa= _Baker._ =var. bongensis= _Baker fil._

Herb 9 in. high. Leaflets 3-7. Flowers red, solitary or in pairs, axillary. Pod linear, glabrous.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: Gir).

=I. suaveolens= _Jaub._ & _Spach._

Woody erect herb. Leaflets 3. Flowers solitary to 4 clustered laxly. Pod linear, subtetragonous, 1 in. long.

Kordofan & Darfur Provinces; Bahr El Jebel (Madi); Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post).

=I. viscosa= _Lam._

Herb, 1-4 ft. high, branches clothed with glandular hairs; leaflets 7-13. Racemes axillary, 4-6 flowered. Cor. reddish. Pod linear, 1 in. long.

Fung. Prov. (Saoleil); Kordofan Prov. (Abu Gerad).

=I. pilosa= _Vahl._

Small herb, densely silky. Leaflets 3. Flowers solitary to 4 together, axillary, pink. Pod linear, black when ripe.

Nuba Mts. Prov. (Um Durein); Mongalla Prov. (Gondokoro).

=I. dendroides= _Jacq._

Erect herb, 1-2 ft. high. Leaflets 21-31. Racemes lax, 8-12 flowered; cor. pink. Pod narrow-linear, 1½ in. long.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: Addai).

=I. parviflora= _Heyne._

Herb, 1-2 ft. high. Leaflets 5-7. Fl. lilac, in short axillary racemes. Pod linear, deflexed, silvery when young.

Nubia; Kordofan Prov. (Abu Gerad); Upper White Nile Prov. (Meshra El Zeraf); Mongalla Prov.

=I. stenophylla= _Guill._ & _Perr._

Tall herb. Leaflets 7-13 short pet.; flowers purple or pink in lax axillary racemes. Pod linear-mucronate, up to 2 in. long.

Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); White Nile Prov.; Nuba Mts. Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas); Mongalla Prov.

=I. Welwitschii= _Baker._

Branched annual, 1 ft. high. Leaflets 3. Racemes of 4-9 bright red flowers. Pod linear, upcurved.

Bahr El Ghazal (Bongo-land: Addai & Gir).

=I. pseudo-subulata= _Baker fil._

Herb, 2-3 ft. high. Leaves pinnately trifoliolate; leaflets oblong or narrowly obovate. Racemes many-coloured; peduncle whitish hairy. Pod straight, recurved at the apex, hairy.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: Sabbi & Niamniam-land: by the Nabambisso River).

=I. subulata= _Vahl._

Annual or biennial, 2-3 ft. high. Leaflets 5. Racemes lax, axillary, of ab. 20 flowers; cor. lilac. Pods narrow-linear, deflexed, 1-2 in. long.

Red Sea Prov. (21° N.L.).

=I. hirsuta= _Linn._

Villous herb, 2-3 ft. high, with spreading reddish hair. Leaves 5-7 fol. Racemes dense, 2-5 in. long; cor. scarlet; pods deflexed, hairy, linear ¾ in. long.

Blue Nile Prov. (J. Moya); White Nile Prov.; Upper White Nile Prov. (Opposite Tonga); Nuba Mts. Prov. (Um Durein); Mongalla Prov. (Kagulu, Yei River District); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land).

=I. paucifolia= _Del._ DAHASSIR—Arab; LO (Kenissa)—Dinka.

Bushy undershr. with variable leaves; leaflets 3-7; pods torulose, linear, hoary. Flowers in dense axillary racemes; cor. scarlet, silvery outside.

Northern Sudan; Blue Nile, White Nile, Kordofan, Darfur & Mongalla Provinces.

Good camel fodder. The root, boiled in milk used as a purgative.

=I. oblongifolia= _Forsk._ DAHASSIR (Blue Nile)—Arab.

Shrub, silver in all its parts. Leaflets 3-5, obovate-oblong, appressed pubescent on both surfaces, about ½ in. long. Pod torulose, glaucous, 6-8-seeded, ⅔ in. long.

Khartoum Prov. (6th Cataract); Blue Nile and Kordofan Provinces.

=I. astragalina= _DC._

Herb, 1-2 ft. high. Leaflets 7-11, white hairy. Racemes dense, 1-4 in. long. Cor. yellow; pods narrow-linear, ½ in. long.

Kordofan Prov.; Darfur Prov. (Surutj).

=I. alternans= _DC._

Prostrate herb with silvery hairs. Leaflets 7-9. Racemes dense 12-20 flowered. Cor. violet; pods deflected, linear, ½ in. long.

Darfur Prov. (foothills of Jeb. Marra 5,000 ft.).

=var. paucijuga= _Schwfth._

Leaflets 3-5. Pods ⅓ in. long.

Between Suakin & Berber (Wadi Haraza).

=I. semitrijuga= _Forsk._ EL SHEREI’A (N. Kordn.)—Arab.

Bushy herb, glaucous-silvery. Leaflets 3 pairs and an odd one, which is stalked. Racemes 6-12 flowered. Pods linear, ¾ in. long.

Red Sea Prov. (coast); between Suakin & Berber; Berber Prov. (near Abu Hamed); Blue Nile Prov.; Kordofan Prov.

=I. Garckeana= _Vatke._

Shrub with winged stems. Leaves pinnate. Leaflets 7-11, ovate or elliptic, 1½-2 cm. long, about 1 cm. broad, finely appressed-pubescent. Racemes dense, ¾ as long as the leaves, with long linear bracts. Pods reflexed, 2 in. long, strigose.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land).

=I. Quartiniana= _A. Rich._

Undershrub, 2-3 ft. high. Leaflets 5-7, thinly silky. Racemes short; cor. purplish. Pod linear, spreading, 1½ in. long.

Red Sea Prov. (coast, 22° N.L.).

=I. Binderi= _Kotschy._

Scabrous undershrub. Leaflets 3-7, obovate, emarginate and mucronate. Racemes of ab. 20 flowers.

White Nile Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas & Bongo-land: Addai).

=I. Schimperi= _Jaub._ & _Spach._

Much branched shrub, up to 10 ft. high, silvery. Leaflets 5-7, obovate. Flowers purplish, ab. 20 in close, axillary racemes. Pod linear, 1 in. long, deflexed.

Red Sea Prov.

=I. secundiflora= _Poir._

Bushy herb, clothed with red or greyish hairs mixed with stalked glands. Leaves subsessile, 9-13 fol. Racemes dense; cor. reddish. Pod linear- oblong, ¾ in. long.

Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas).

=I. microcarpa= _Desv._

Canescent annual or biennial. Leaflets 8-12, opposite, oblanceolate, rounded at the apex. Racemes rather lax-flowered, shorter than the leaves. Pods ellipsoid, ⅙ in. long, strigose.

Red Sea Prov. (21° N.L.).

=I. articulata= _Gouan._

Shrub, up to 12 ft. high, very glaucous. Leaflets 9, opposite, obovate, appressed-pubescent. Racemes about ⅓ as long as the leaves. Pods sickle- shaped, tomentose, torulose, ½ in. long.

Red Sea Prov.; Berber Prov. (Barbadiap, Atbara); Blue Nile Prov. (J. Kon); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Shambé); Red Sea Prov. (Khor Aiet).

=I. argentea= _Linn._ NIL BALADI—Arab.

Much-branched shrub, silvery. Leaflets 9, silvery on both sides, obovate. Racemes of 12-20 yellow flowers. Pod falcate, terete, deflected, ½ in. long.

Nubia; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Shambé).

Yields an indigo.

=I. arrecta= _Hochst._

Much-branched shrub, silky. Leaflets 13-17, oblanceolate, turn black when dried. Racemes of 6-12 yellow flowers. Pod deflexed, linear, up to ¾ in. long.

Blue Nile Prov.; Darfur Prov. (J. Marra, near Gindi, 7,400 ft.); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land & Mittu-land).

The chief Indigo producing plant in Africa, largely cultivated in Java.

=I. tinctoria= _Linn._

Bushy shrub, 2-4 ft. high, with white appressed hairs. Leaflets 7-11; pod linear, cylindrical, apiculate.

Khartoum Prov.; Blue Nile Prov. (Rufaa); Fung Prov.; Kordofan Prov. (El Obeid); Mongalla Prov. (Kenissa).

Yields a large percentage of the Indigo of commerce. It is also suitable for green manure.

=I. emarginella= _Steud._

Undershrub, 3-4 ft. high, almost glabrous. Leaflets 9, obovate, apex rounded, mucronate. Flowers yellow, in dense axillary conical racemes. Pod narrow-linear, deflexed, ¾ in. long.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: by the Sueh River).

=I. anabaptista= _Steud._

Branched shrub. Leaflets 3-5 oblong-oblanceolate up to 1 in. long, appressed-pilose. Racemes very short. Flowers and pods reflexed, the latter curved, flat, ¾ in. long, laxly pubescent.

Red Sea Prov. (21° N.L.); Berber Prov. (Zeidab & Shendi); Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post); Kordofan Prov. (Abu Gerad).

=I. aspera= _Perr._

Herb, 1 ft. or more high. Leaflets 5, linear-lanceolate, silvery. Flowers pink, 20-30 in axillary racemes, 2-3 in. long. Pod deflexed, narrow-linear, 1 in. long.

White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol); Kordofan Prov.

=I. arabica= _Jaub._ & _Spach._

Branched, bushy herb, silky. Leaflets 3-5 obovate, lateral ones often folded, with decurved point. Racemes axillary short, of 6-10 scarlet flowers. Pod linear-oblong, mucronate, subtorulose, under ½ in. long.

White Nile Prov.

=I. cordifolia= _Roth._

Bushy herb, 6-9 in. high, densely villous. Leaves simple, cordate-ovate. Flowers red, in dense axillary clusters, 3-6 together. Pods oblong, cuspidate, minute.

Nubia; Blue Nile & Kordofan Provinces.

=I. conjugata= _Baker_

Shrubby; branches almost 4-angled. Leaflets 3, the terminal one up to 2½ in. long and up to ½ in. broad. Racemes axillary; short-stalked, of 20 fl. and more. Cor. yellowish. Pod deflexed, linear, 1 in. long.

White Nile Prov.

=I. capitata= _Kotschy._

Shrub. Leaflets 7-9. Flowers in dense, rounded terminal heads, 1 in. broad; bracts pinnate. Pod oblong, small.

White Nile & Bahr El Ghazal Provinces.

=I. parvula= _Del._

Trailing herb; leaflets 3, small cuneate. Flowers in lax, subsessile clusters of 2-4. Pod linear, ½ in. long.

Nubia; Mongalla Prov. (Mongalla).

=I. costata= _Guill._ & _Perr._

Scabrous herb. Leaflets 13-15. Racemes slender, axillary, 2-3 in. long. Cor. pink. Pod linear, deflexed, 1 in. long.

Darfur Prov.

=I. oxalidea= _Welw._

Small herb. Leaflets 3-5, the lateral ones alternate. Racemes lax, of 6-20 purplish flowers. Pod deflexed, linear, under ½ in. long; style persistent.

Fung Prov. (Harun forest); Mongalla Prov. (Mongalla).

=I. endecaphylla= _Jacq._

Bushy herb, 1-3 ft. high. Leaflets 7-9, oblong. Racemes dense, 1-4 in. long. Cor. purple. Pod linear, deflexed, ¾ in. long.

Nubia; Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post); Mongalla Prov. (Mongalla).

=I. orthocarpa= _Baker._

Branched undershrub; pods cylindrical, straight, deflexed. Leaflets 9-13, obovate. Racemes sessile, 10-20 flowered; cor. yellow.

Nubia (from Berber southwards); Khartoum Prov.; Blue Nile Prov.; White Nile Prov. (Jebelein); Kordofan Prov.

=I. suffruticosa= _Mill._

Undershrub. Leaflets about 10, oblong or obovate. Pods much curved, ⅔ in. long.

Blue Nile Prov. (J. Moya).

=I. tritoides= _Baker._

Prostrate herb. Leaflets 3, obovate, very acute, up to 1 in. long, densely appressed-pilose. Racemes elongated, lax-flowered. Pods nearly straight, 1¾ in. long, shortly pubescent.

Nubia (Suakin to Berber).

=I. near Bainesii= _Baker._

Erect undershrub; pods recurved, nearly ½ in. long. Leaves simple, narrowly obovate, ⅓ in. long, closely appressed hairy.

Red Sea Prov. (Port Sudan & Dongonab).

301 =Helminthocarpum abyssinicum= _A. Rich._

Wiry, silky herb, 1 ft. high. Leaflets 7. Flowers 4-6 together in short- stalked axillary heads. Cor. yellow and red, twice the length of calyx. Pods small, spirally twisted, of 1 spiral only or less.

Darfur Prov. (J. Marra, 7,000 ft.).

302 =Biserula Pelecinus= _L._

Slender herb. Leaves pinnate. Leaflets about 12 pairs, obovate, widely emarginate, ⅙ in. long, pilose. Flowers in axillary racemes, few. Fruits flat, 1 in. long, with broad dentate wings.

Darfur Prov. (J. Kurku: Darfur Plain, 3,600 ft.).

303 =Tephrosia humilis= _Guill._ & _Perr._

Herb, under 1 ft. high. Leaflets 9-11, linear-oblong, silky beneath. Racemes leaf-opposed, of 6-12 pink flowers; anthers, in this genus, not apiculate. Pod downy, linear, upcurved, up to 2 in. long.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas).

=T. nana= _Kotschy._

Small herb; leaflets 9-11, linear-oblanceolate. Racemes leaf-opposed, of 6-12 purple flowers. Pod linear, falcate, silky.

Upper White Nile Prov. (Meshra El Zeraf).

=T. Vogelii= _Hook. f._ DAWA NA SAMAKI—Arab (Tuku-Tuku dialect).

Shrub, 10 ft. high, with rusty-silky tomentum. Racemes terminal, of 20-30 flowers, 4-6 in. long. Cor. violet, rarely white, ab. 1 in. deep; style bearded. Pod 5 in. long, ½ in. broad, brown-velvety. Leaflets 17-25.

Mongalla Prov. (Opari District); Belgian Congo (Niamniam-land: by the Yuru River).

Used to stupefy fish, the leaves and branches are pounded and thrown on the surface of the water; the fish rise after a few minutes and are quite wholesome and fit for food.

=T. aff. T. hirtæ.= _Boj._

Stout, bushy herb with fulvous hairs; pods densely villous.

Mongalla Prov.

=T. Kotschyana= _Hochst._

Leaflets linear-lanceolate, about 2 in. long, finely appressed pilose below; lateral nerves numerous, ascending. Racemes long-stalked, lax- flowered. Pods falcate, 2 in. long, puberulous, about 10-seeded.

Kassala Prov. (Gallabat).

=T. linearis= _Pers._

Copiously branched perennial. Leaflets 5-17 linear, grey-hairy. Racemes lax, 4-8 flowered. Cor. reddish. Pod linear, 1-2 in. long, narrow, downy.

Kordofan Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas & Niamniam-land).

=T. nubica= _Baker._ UM SABA (Medani)—Arab.

Much-branched undershrub, 12-18 in. high; stems woolly. Racemes terminal or leaf-opposed, 6-12 flowered; cor. pink. Pods densely white-silky, 1-seeded.

Blue Nile Prov.; Kordofan Prov.; Darfur Prov. (J. Serg).

=T. obcordata= _Baker._ IDEINAT EL FAR (N. Kordn.)—Arab.

Woody herb or undershrub. Stem and leaves white woolly. Plant often adorned by white feathery tassel-like galls. Leaves subsessile, simple, obcordate.

Kordofan Prov.; Darfur-Kordofan border, 13° N. Lat.

=T. rigida= _Baker._

Undershrub. Leaflets 13-17, linear. Racemes terminal, dense, 2-4 in. long. Cor. pale-red. Pod 2 in. long, ¼ in. broad, slightly upcurved.

Bahr El Jebel (Madi).

=T. purpurea= _Pers._

Much-branched perennial, 1-2 ft. high; leaflets 5-10 pair and a terminal one, on pilose stalk; pods ab. 1½ in. linear, slightly curved, mucronate.

Kordofan Prov. (El Obeid).

Fresh root-bark ground and made into a pill with a little black pepper, is frequently given in cases of obstinate colic.

=var. pubescens= _Baker._

Darfur Prov.

=T. leptostachya= _DC._

Stems ultimately glabrous, but pod silky, slightly falcate, 1¾ in. long. Leaflets about 14, mucronate, 1 in. long, shortly appressed-pubescent. Flowers few, in long lax racemes.

Fung Prov. (Disa); Kordofan Prov. (Abu Gerad).

=T. Apollinea= _DC._ AMAYOK—Arab.

Bushy herb, 12-18 in. high. Leaflets 5-9, oblong. Racemes terminal or lateral, loosely 6-12 flowered; cor. red. Pod narrow-linear, 1½ in. long.

Red Sea Prov. (22° N.L.); Wadi Halfa; Dongola Prov. (Merowe); Berber Prov.; Khartoum Prov.; Blue Nile Prov. (Medani); Fung Prov.; Kordofan Prov.

Said to be used to adulterate Senna.

=T. vicioides= _A. Rich._

Diffusely-branched herb, silky. Leaflets 7-9, obovate-oblong. Flowers purple, axillary, solitary or in pairs. Pod 1 in. long, narrow-linear, recurved.

Berber Prov. (Shendi); Kordofan Prov. (Abu Gerad).

=T. lathyroides= _Guill._ & _Perr._ UM SABA (Medani)—Arab.

Herb. Leaves pinnate 5-foliolate; leaflets lanceolate, subacute, about 1¼ in. long, thinly setulose. Flowers axillary, clustered. Pod slightly curved, 1¾ in. long, thinly pilose, about 8 seeded.

Between Suakin & Berber (Wadi Leimab); Blue Nile Prov. (Medani); Kordofan Prov.

=T. uniflora= _Pers._

Bushy herb. Leaves about 8-foliolate; leaflets very silky, oblanceolate, mucronate, ½-⅔ in. long. Flowers axillary, solitary or paired. Pod slightly curved, 2 in. long, shortly pubescent.

Between Suakin & Berber (Omareg); Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol); Kordofan Prov. (El Greo).

=T. lupinifolia= _DC._ KEREIWIT EL GHURAB (N. Kordn.)—Arab.

Wide trailing perennial with digitate leaves; leaflets 5-7. Racemes terminal or leaf-opposed, up to 1 ft. long; corolla reddish. Pod linear, sometimes oblong, 1-6 seeded.

Kordofan Prov.; Darfur Prov. (Plains 40-80 m. N.E. of El Fasher).

=T. emeroides= _A. Rich._ SUREP (Medani)—Arab.

Somewhat woody herb. Leaves pinnately 5-7 fol. Flowers yellow, solitary to 3 in the axils of leaves. Pods 2 in. long, narrow, densely rusty- tomentose.

Blue Nile Prov. (Medani).

=T. dichroocarpa= _Steud._

Tall, hairy herb or undershrub. Leaflets 11-15. Racemes terminal, 6-9 in. long; cor. red. Pod narrow, silky, 2 in. long.

Fung Prov.

=T. fulvinervis= _Hochst._

Herb, 2-3 ft. high; tawny silky. Leaflets 9-13, linear, the midrib tawny. Racemes lateral with 3-4 distant, tawny-silky flowers. Pod 2 in. long, narrow, silky.

Kordofan Prov.

=T. subtriflora= _Hochst._

Perennial. Leaflets 5-7. Flowers 1-3, sessile in axils of the leaves; cor. purple. Pod 1¼ in. long, narrow.

Dongola & Kordofan Provinces.

=T. anthylloides= _Hochst._ UM ATFEIR—Arab.

Bushy herb or undershrub, 1-2 ft. high. Leaflets 7-9. Flowers 1-3 axillary, purple. Pod up to 2½ in. long.

Khartoum Prov. (J. Malakit); Blue Nile, White Nile, Kordofan & Mongalla Provinces.

=T. longipes= _Meissn._

Herb; leaflets up to 9, linear, up to 2 in. long. Racemes terminal and lateral, of 6-10 purple flowers. Pod 2 in. long; linear, straight.

Upper White Nile Prov. (Meshra El Zeraf).

=T. incana= _Graham._

Grey woolly undershrub or herb. Leaflets 11-13 oblanceolate. Racemes terminal or lateral, 6-12 in. long, lower flowers in clusters of 3-4; cor. reddish. Pod deflexed and recurved, 2 in. long, very silky.

Kordofan Prov. (Gefil).

304 =Mundulea suberosa= _Benth._

Small tree or large arborescent shrub; young twigs pilose; leaflets 13-23. Racemes terminal and leaf-opposed 4-6 in. long; cor. red. Pod 3-5 in. long and under ½ in. broad, torulose, silky.

Nuba Mts. Prov. (J. Eliri); Darfur Prov. (J. Marra, 6,500 ft.).

305 =Milletia Barteri= _Dunn._

Leaflets 4 pairs and an odd one, opposite, obovate-elliptic, obtusely acuminate, 3-4 in. long, 2 in. broad, glabrous. Flowers rose, in large panicles. Calyx cupular, silky.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: Yabo River).

306 =Sesbania punctata= _DC._ TAURI—Arab.

Erect shrub with paripinnate leaves. Leaflets 20-50 pair. Racemes 6-12 flowered; corolla yellow, much spotted with purple. Pod 8-12 in. long.

Nubia; Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Kordofan Prov.

Recommended for growing as a green manure.

=S. ægyptiaca= _Pers._ SESABAN—Arab; KAILKAIL (Dilling) & KENTII (J. Eliri)—Nuba.

Copiously branched shrub, 6-10 ft. high. Leaflets 10-20 pairs; pod pendulous, narrowly linear, usually somewhat twisted, 6-8 in. long. Racemes 6-12 flowered; cor. yellow.

Found in most parts of the Sudan. In India the bark is made into ropes, and the wood into charcoal; the leaves furnish cattle fodder. It is very quick-growing and forms a good temporary shelter for slower-growing plants.

=S. ægyptiaca= _Pers._ =var. bicolor= _Wight_ & _Arn._ SENA—Arab.

Standard petal and tips of wing-petals suffused with purple.

Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Berber Prov. (Zeidab); Khartoum Prov.; Fung, White Nile & Kordofan Provinces.

=S. aculeata= _Pers._

Erect herb, 2-4 ft. high; branches ascending, more or less prickly. Leaflets 20-50 pairs; pod 6-9 in. long, erect or spreading, not twisted. Cor. pale yellow.

Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); White Nile Prov.

Yields a fibre durable under water, and useful for ropes and fishing nets. Suitable for a green manure.

=S. microphylla= _Harms._

Small herb; flowers yellow mottled with purple or black spots. Leaflets very small, about ⅙ in. long. Pod 4½ in. long, linear, moniliform.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Ghabat El Arab).

=S. mossambicensis= _Klotzsch._

Small herb; corolla standard striate, not mottled. Leaflets as in preceding species. Pod 2½ in. long, moniliform.

Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: by the Yubbo River).

=S. pachycarpa= _DC._

Annual, 1-3 ft. high; corolla dotted; pod about 6 in. long, ¼ in. broad. Leaflets 15-20 pairs, linear-oblong, ½-¾ in. long.

Kordofan Prov.; Mongalla Prov. (Bor).

=S. arabica= _Hochst._ SURA & TAURI (Blue Nile)—Arab.

Claws of corolla appendaged; standard conspicuously spotted. A tall herb. Leaflets up to 30 pairs, linear-oblong, ⅔ in long. Pods much constricted between the seeds.

Fung Prov.; Upper White Nile Prov. (Meshra El Zeraf).

=S. tetraptera= _Hochst._ SURIB (Fung), & ?KOL (White Nile)—Arab.

Shrubby herb up to 3 or 4 ft. high. Pod 4-winged. Leaflets 15-20 pairs. Racemes 4-6 flowered; cor. yellow.

Blue Nile Prov.; White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol); Nuba Mts. Prov.

The leaves are eaten as a pot-herb.

307 =Astragalus prolixus= _Sieb._

Prostrate herb, 1 ft. or more long, silky. Leaves imparipinnate; leaflets 11-13. Racemes 6-12 flowered. Pod oblong-turgid, partly divided inside by a longitudinal membrane, ¼ in. long.

Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Dongola Prov.; between Berber & Khartoum; Khartoum Prov.

May be one of the several species which yield “Gum-Tragacanth.”

=A. abyssinicus= _Steud._

Shrubby herb, 3-4 ft. long. Side-leaflets 10-15 pair. Racemes dense, 4-6 long. Cor. yellow. Pod 1 in. long, linear, completely divided inside by a longitudinal membrane.

Darfur Prov. (J. Marra, 8-9,000 ft.).

308 =Glycyrrhiza glabra= _Linn._

Leaves odd-pinnate; leaflets about 6 pairs, oblong-lanceolate, emarginate, 1½ in. long, ⅔ in. broad, gland-dotted below. Flowers in slender axillary racemes half as long as the leaves.

Sudan; Libyan Desert (Khor Wau).

309 =Taverniera lappacea= _DC._

Stems procumbent, shrubby. Joints of the pods with rigid hooked bristles. Leaves 3-fol. Flowers yellowish, axillary, solitary or in pairs.

Nubia.

=T. ægyptica= _Boiss._

Much-branched low shrub; pods densely bristly. Leaves simple, obovate- cuneate. Flowers solitary or in pairs, axillary.

Nubia.

310 =Alhagi maurorum= _Desv._

Low shrub, 1-3 ft. high, armed with spreading spines, 1 in. long. Leaves simple, obovate-oblong, drooping from spines and branches. Flowers red, solitary or in pairs from the spines. Pod falcate, 1 in. long.

Nubia.

Said to yield “manna.” The plant has antibilious properties.

311 =Herminiera Elaphroxylon= _Guill._ & _Perr._ AMBATCH, AMBAJ & TUROR—Arab; ADĪT (Kenissa) & WOR (Renk)—Dinka; RUR & TYEF—Nuer.

Small tree with showy yellow flowers and prickly branches. Stems swollen at base consist of pith-like substance. Leaves abruptly pinnate; stamens monadelphous; pods spirally contorted.

Blue Nile Prov.; White Nile (from Abba Island southwards) & affluents; Kordofan Prov. (Rahad).

The swollen stems which consist of pith, are used to make rafts and canoes. This species is very similar to _Æschynomene Pfundii_ Taub.

=H. excelsa= _Kotschy._ ?ADDIT (Renk)—Dinka.

White Nile Prov.

This and the next species are known only by name.

=H. humilis= _Kotschy._

Fung Prov.

312 =Æschynomene uniflora= _E. Meyer._

Shrubby up to 4 ft. high. Legumes deeply sinuate, dividing into dissepiments. Leaflets 10-20 pair, sensitive. Flowers mostly solitary, yellow.

Upper White Nile Prov. (Meshra El Zeraf).

=Æ. Indica= _Linn._

Annual, 1-3 ft. high. Leaflets 40-70, alternate, sessile; pod 1-1½ in., narrow, slightly curved, glabrous. Flowers pale yellow, 2-4 in. lax, short-peduncled racemes.

Kordofan Prov. (in marshes); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: Gir, Shambé, Niamniam-land); Mongalla Prov. (Bor); Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post).

=Æ. cristata= _Vatke._

Shrub with hollow stems. Leaflets about 20 pairs, narrowly oblong, ⅓ in. long, nearly glabrous. Flowers few, axillary, pedunculate. Petals crested. Pods flat, breaking up into segments.

Bahr El Jebel (Sudd).

=Æ. Rüppellii= _Baker._

Low shrub; twigs viscid, brown. Leaflets 8-12 pair. Racemes axillary 6-8 flowered; cor. yellow. Pods ¼ in. long, with 2 constricted joints.

Mongalla Prov. (Yei River); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land).

=Æ. nilotica= _Taub._

Twiggy. Leaves very short. Leaflets about 12 pairs, oblong, mucronate, ⅙ in. long. Flowers subsolitary. Petals slightly fringed.

White Nile Prov. (by J. Nyemati).

=Æ. Pfundii= _Taub._

Shrub 6-8 ft., with soft wood. Leaflets numerous, oblong, serrulate, 1 in. long. Flowers few in racemes. Calyx villous. Petals not crested. Pods ¾ in. broad, pilose, breaking up into narrowly oblong segments.

Kordofan Prov. (Bir Rahad); Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post).

This species closely resembles _Herminiera Elaphroxylon_ G. & P., but branches not spiny.

=Æ. aspera= _Linn. f._

Perennial 2-4 ft. high, stem spongy, pith-like; pod 3-4 in. long, over ¼ in. wide, nearly straight, 6-7 jointed, each joint with sharp asperities in the centre. Leaflets 40-70 or more.

Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post).

The Sola Pith Plant of commerce. The soft pith-like wood is used in India to make helmets, floats, toys, etc. It is also used in surgery for the manufacture of tampons.

=Æ. Telekii= _Schwfth._

Tree. Leaflets numerous, narrowly oblong, ⅓ in. long, glabrous. Flowers solitary, pedicellate, large. Petals crested. Pods with yellowish bristly hairs, flat, 3 in. long, not jointed.

Banks of the Nile.