Chapter X: Economic and Technical

A. LICHENS AS FOOD 395
_a._ Food for insects
_b._ Insect mimicry of lichens
_c._ Food for the higher animals
_d._ Food for man

B. LICHENS AS MEDICINE 405
_a._ Ancient remedies
_b._ Doctrine of “signatures”
_c._ Cure for hydrophobia
_d._ Popular remedies

C. LICHENS AS POISONS 410

D. LICHENS USED IN TANNING, BREWING AND DISTILLING 411

E. DYEING PROPERTIES OF LICHENS 411
_a._ Lichens as dye-plants
_b._ The orchil lichen, Roccella
_c._ Purple dyes: orchil, cudbear and litmus
_d._ Other orchil lichens
_e._ Preparation of orchil
_f._ Brown and yellow dyes
_g._ Collecting of dye-lichens
_h._ Lichen colours and spectrum characters

F. LICHENS IN PERFUMERY 418
_a._ Lichens as perfumes
_b._ Lichens as hair-powder

G. SOME MINOR USES OF LICHENS 420