Chapter VII: Preface: V (6)

64-4: =miedo cerval=: _mortal fear (cerval_, adj. from _ciervo_, deer, stag).

64-5: =Polonia=: Poland.

64-6: =tal=: is occasionally used for _tal cosa_, i.e. as a sort of neuter. Cf. note _ni es tal tierra_, p. 68, 1.

64-7: =espirituosas=: cf. note _estupefacto_, p. 9, 1.

64-8: =ora... ora=: _either... or_.

64-9: =guerra de Espana=: cf. note _Guerra de la Independencia_, p. 55, 3.

64-10: =Varsovia=: _Warsaw_, the largest city and former capital of Poland.

64-11: =sin perjuicio de que... saliese=: _without preventing his setting out_.

64-12: =a las pocas horas de haber echado a andar=: _a few hours after starting_. Cf. note _a la media hora_, p. 59, 4. _Echar a_, followed by an infinitive, means to begin, to set about. Hence _echar a andar_, to begin to march or go, etc.

64-13: =de lo mas singular=: an idiomatic substitution of the singular for the plural.

65-1: =aqui=: after _de aqui (hence)_ supply some verb like _resulto_.

65-2: =el que... ella se brindara=: _que ella se brindara_ is treated as a substantive clause, which _el_ precedes as it would a mere noun.

65-3: =por creer=: _because he believed_.

65-4: =la tal efigie=: (familiar style) _this (same) portrait_.

65-5: =debio de probar=: _must have proved_. Cf. Idiomatic Commentary, 59.

66-1: =Es cuanto se=: cf. note _que cuanto veiamos_, p. 48, 1.

66-2: =Vive Dios que=: as God lives. Cf. note _como que no_, p. 14, 1.

67-1: =El Libro Talonario=: a book of checks, receipts, etc., in which duplicate stubs remain as records of transactions.

67-2: =bahia de Cadiz=: Cadiz, the ancient _Gades_, reputed 300 years older than Rome itself, a large seaport of southwestern Spain, on the Atlantic, a little northwest of Gibraltar. It is situated on a narrow promontory forming the outer wall of the bay (_bahia_) of Cadiz.

67-3: =con ser la menor=: _in spite of being the smallest_.

67-4: =a titulo de Duque de Arcos=: _in his right as Duke of Arcos_.

67-5: =el tio Buscabeatas=: _tio_ is familiarly used as a generic term applied to old men. Cf. note on _papa abuelo_, p. 15, 5.

67-6: =Huelva=: a seaport a little northwest of _Cadiz_.

67-7: =Sevilla=: the most brilliant and characteristic city of southern Spain, situated in _Andalucia_, toward the mouth of the _Guadalquivir_.

67-8: =por lo que=: _(for which) wherefore_. For relative use of _lo que_ cf. note _por el que_, p. 49, 1.

67-9: =Andalucia la Baja=: _lower Andalusia_, the southwest portion bordering on the Atlantic.

67-10: =rotenos=: _natives of Rota_.

67-11: =calabaceros... tomateros=: _retailers of pumpkins and tomatoes_.

68-1: =ni es tal tierra=: _nor is this (soil) really soil_. For _tal_ neuter cf. note _tal_, p. 64, 6.

68-2: =ni Cristo que lo fundo=: render freely _far from it_.

68-3: =Vesubio=: Mt. Vesuvius.

68-4: =ni=: _not even_.

68-5: =ora... ora=: _now... now_. Cf. p. 64, line 16, and note 8, for a variant usage.

68-6: =humus=: (Latin) _soil_.

68-7: =del vuelo de un plato chico=: _of the size of a small plate_.

68-8: =a tal mata=: _to this or that plant_.

69-1: =se dan=: _they strike_.

69-2: =la barba=: _their chins_. For the article cf. note _se la_, p. 4, 6.

69-3: =y era que=: _and (the fact) was that_.

69-4: =llevaba=: cf. note _llevarian_, p. 6, 2.

69-5: =tamanas como=: _as big as_. The usual _tan_ of comparisons of equality is implicit in the first syllable of _tamanos_ (from the Latin _tam magnas_).

69-6: =pasabase=: cf. note _lo que me digo_, p. 7. 5.

70-1: =se las coma=: cf. note _lo que me digo_, p. 7. 5.

70-2: =iLastima=: _it's a pity_!

70-3: =?Que he de hacer?=: _what am I to do_? Cf. note _no habia de conocer_, p. 3, 4.

70-4: =salir de ellas=: _sell them_.

70-5: =cuanto seria=: _how great must have been_. Cf. note _no habria andado_, p. 8, 6. Cf. also line 25 below.

70-6: =Para ahorrarme de razones=: _to save words_, i.e. _to be brief_.

70-7: =Kemble=: (John Philip) a great English tragedian (1757-1823).

70-8: =isi te encuentro!:= _vide_ Merchant of Venice, Act I, sc. 3, line 47 (Globe edition).

70-9: =por otra parte:= (_on the other hand_) _moreover_.

70-10: =debio de robarmelas=: cf. note _debio de probar_, p. 65, 5.

70-11: =barco de la carga:= _freight boat._

70-12: =barco de la hora:= (lit. _hour boat) passenger boat_.

70-13: =fe de livores:= (legal phrase) _declaration of injuries suffered_.

70-14 =hacerse a la vela:= _to set sail_.

71-1: =ciudad de Hercules=: Hercules is claimed as the founder of _Cadiz_. Cf. note _bahia de Cadiz_, p. 67, 2.

71-2: =ique no!=: cf. note _?Como que no?_ p. 14, 1.

71-3: =iTio ladron!:= _you old thief!_ Cf. note _el tio Buscabeatas_, p. 67, 5.

71-4: =educacion=: often loosely used for _cortesia_, its supposed fruit.

71-5: =so indecentes:= _so_, expletive, is often coupled with certain depreciative epithets like _indecente_, etc.

71-6: =faltarse:= _fail to respect_, i.e. _insult each other_.

71-7: =punetazo=: cf. note _pistoletazo_, p. 18, 3.

71-8: =o sea=: cf. note _o sean_, p. 39, 4.

72-1: =Resigno... en:= _resigned to_.

72-2: =A quien=: cf. note _compraros_, p. 29, 2.

72-3: =Al tio Fulano:= _from old So-and-so_. _Fulano_ is used as substitute for a real name when the latter is forgotten or avoided.

72-4: =vecino=: cf. note _vecinos_, p. 37, 2.

72-5: =abonado:= _fit, adapted, disposed_ (often in a bad sense).

72-6: =rebolonda:= _thick-set, stout_.

72-7: =cachigordeta:= _small and fat_.

72-8: =barrigona:= _big-bellied_.

72-9: =coloradilla:= _ruddy_.

73-1: =subio de punto:= _increased_.

73-2: =recien llegado:= _recien_ is used instead of _recientemente_ before a past participle.

73-3: =se lo:= cf. note _se la_, p. 4, 6.

73-4: =materialmente:= _by bodily force_.

73-5: =el mismo Regidor=: usually _mismo_ intervening between article and noun means _same_. Occasionally it corresponds to the emphatic pronoun _himself_, etc.

73-6: =ha de ver:= _must look to it, must beware_.

73-7: =Egido=: apparently the name of his garden.

73-8: =tirando de el:= _pulling at it_ (so as to empty it).

73-9: =libraco:= (big, ugly) _book_. The suffix _aco_ is depreciative.

73-10: =tocon o pezuelo=: _a stub_. Cf. note _libro talonario_, p. 67, 1.

73-11: =tal o cual=: _such and such_.

74-1: =o sea=: cf. note _o sean_, p. 39, 4.

74-2: =en tanto que=: _while_. Cf. note _mientras tanto que_, p. 82, 9.

74-3: =espectadores=: cf. note _estupefacto_, p. 9, 1.

74-4: =el mismo Concejal=: cf. note _el mismo Regidor_, p. 73, 5.

74-5: =llevarselo=: cf. note _lo que me digo_, p. 7, 5.

75-1: =fuese diciendo=: observe that the preterit (and its derived tenses) of _ser_ and _ir_ are identical.

75-2: =He debido traerme=: _I should have brought back_.

75-3: =comermela=: _me_, ethical dative (like _traerme_).

76-1: =Alpujarra=: coast mountains of southern Spain near _Almeria_, a ramification of the _Sierra Nevadas_. They formed the last refuge of the Moors.

76-2: =hacia Levante=: _toward the east_.

76-3: =ni nadie=: _nor anybody else_. Cf. note _conoce nadie_, p. 2, 5.

76-4: =ponga en cuarentena=: _put into quarantine_, i.e. _regard with suspicion._

76-5: =Aben-Humeya=: (the prefixes _ben_ and _aben_ in Moorish names mean _son, the son_). Lived 1520-1568. He was the king of the Moors of _la Alpujarra_, and was condemned to death by Philip II.

76-6: =(a)=: _alias_.

77-1: =el tal Juan=: _this same John_. Cf. note _la tal effigie_, p. 65, 4.

77-2: =no entendia de letra=: _was illiterate_.

77-3: =a censo enfiteutico=: _on a long-time_ (or perpetual) _lease_.

77-4: =caudal de Propios=: _public property_ (belonging to the town).

77-5: =castillejo=: the ending _ejo_ is usually depreciative as well as diminutive.

77-6: =por lo que=: cf. note _por el que_, p. 49, 1.

77-7: =a sus solas=: _all alone_. For a similar idiomatic plural, cf. _de veras_, and (on p. 4, line 31) _con todas las veras_.

77-8: =que daba asco=: (_such_ or _so) that it inspired disgust. Que_ is often elliptical.

78-1: =vas a echar un siglo=: _it will take you forever_.

78-2: =componertelas=: _to take the proper measures; to go about a thing; to manage_.

78-3: =divertido=: cf. note _olvidado_, p. 31, 1.

78-4: =todo lo que es deshacer=: _destruction in any form_.

78-5: =hay que deshacer=: cf. note _lo que hay que hacer_, p. 12, 4.

78-6: =francmason=: in Catholic countries the freemason is regarded as the embodiment of radical and subversive ideas. The church ofticially disapproves of freemasonry.

78-7: =que tengo=: _que_, for. _Que_ is often used elliptically for _pues que_, etc.

78-8: =canuto=: _tube_. Apparently soldiers carried their discharge in a metallic tube to protect it from exposure.

78-9: =ni tan siquiera=: _not even_. Cf. note _tan solo_, p. 13, 2.

79-1: =tambien me estorba a mi lo negro=: _I also am embarrassed by_ whatever is set down in black (and white), i.e. _print_ or writing.

79-2: =licencia absoluta=: the _testimonial_ given to a soldier on completing his military service.

79-3: =Mahoma=: _Mohammed_.

79-4: =de medio a medio=: _completely_.

79-5: =entraban en quintas=: _practiced conscription_ (the drafting of men by lot for military service).

79-6: =en torno suyo=: _round about himself_.

79-7: =Granada=: cf. note _Granada_, p. 1, 2.

79-8: =en cuanto Dios eche sus luces=: _as soon as God lights his lamp_ (the sun).

79-9: =puerto=: _mountain pass_.

80-1: =Ugijar=: a small half-Moorish town on the southern base of the Alpujarras.

80-2: =compadre=: the _compadrazgo_ (gossipry) is the relation which exists between the father of a child and its godfather, who call each other _compadre_ (gossip). It is often used also as a mere friendly epithet: My friend!

80-3: =entiende de todo=: _understands all things_.

80-4: =todo sera apretar un poco a la caballeria=: _it will be a question only of urging along the mount_ (a mule, of course) _a little_.

80-5: =cuidado=: _take care_.

80-6: =Valencia=: a large seaport of eastern Spain. Its richly colored paving tiles are its most famous specialty.

80-7: =de mas de vara en cuadro=: _more than a yard square_.

80-8: =so pena=: in this and a few other expressions the antiquated preposition _so_ (= _bajo_, under) still survives.

80-9: =hay que excavar=: cf. note _lo que hay que hacer_, p. 12, 4.

80-10: =dice hubo trampa=: _says (that) there was some trickery_. The conjunction _que_ is occasionally omitted after _decir_.

80-11: =tengo entendido=: cf. note _llevo echados_, p. 34, 1.

81-1: =A saber=: _it remains to be learned_.

81-2: =Por de pronto=: _meanwhile; provisionally; for the present_, i.e. _as things now stand_.

81-3: =cuando se pronuncio Riego=: this patriotic officer, by his pronunciamento (1820), boldly set the example of revolt against the perfidious conduct of Fernando VII (see notes pp. 34, 5, and 51, 7), who violated the constitution adopted in 1812. After the French intervention the king had Riego executed.

81-4: =habria que mandar=: cf. note _lo que hay que hacer_, p. 12, 4.

81-5: =Guadix=: city of southern Spain (between _Granada_ and _Almeria_) the birthplace of Alarcon.

81-6: =puede que=: (i.e. _se puede que) it is possible_.

81-7: =No serian=: cf. note _no habria andado_, p. 8, 6.

81-8: =doctor en ambos Derechos=: Latin: _doctor in utroque (jure) doctor in civil and canonical law_.

81-9: =oido que hubo=: cf. note _echado que hubo_, p. 1, 3.

81-10: =debio de ser=: cf. note _debio de probar_, p. 65, 5.

81-11: =babuchero=: _closet_? The _babucha_ is a Moorish slipper.

82-1: =viernes=: Friday is the Mohammedan Sabbath.

82-2: =Comisaria de los Santos Lugares=: _commission_ (for the maintenance, etc.)_of holy places_.

82-3: =onzas de oro=: the gold _onza_ is worth about sixteen dollars.

82-4: =en letra=: (sc. _de cambio) in (the form of) a draft_.

82-5: =lo del tesoro=: the matter of the treasure.

82-6: =a fe que=: cf. note _a fe que_, p. 12, 6.

82-7: =de a cuatro=: this use of _de a_ occurs in expressing the price or value per piece of merchandise, coins, etc.

82-8: =guardarselas=: _to put them away_. For _se (+ el bolsillo_) see note _se la_, p. 4, 6.

82-9: =mientras tanto que=: _while. Tiempo_, or rather, the notion of time, may be understood after _tanto_, which is in reality a neuter. Cf. _en tanto que_, p. 74, line 11, and _en esto_.

82-10: =Tudela y Gonzalez=: in his or her full family name, the Spaniard joins the mother's family name to the father's with an (omissible) _y_.

82-11: =Maestro de capilla=: _chapel-master_ (the musical director in a church).

82-12: =Ceuta=: a city in Africa opposite Gibraltar. It is still a Spanish possession.

82-13: =sobrino politico=: _nephew-in-law_. The various relatives-in-law may all be indicated by analogous expressions, though specific names also exist in most cases.

83-1: =en carta certificada=: _in a registered letter_.

83-2: =como no sea=: _unless it be, except_.

83-3: =Que estes mejor=: cf. _que_... _muera_, p. 3, 6.

83-4: =dolor de estomago=: (usually: stomach-ache) _stomachic disorder_.

83-5: =Escrita la carta=: in the absolute construction, the favorite position for the participle is at the beginning of the phrase.

83-6: =Encarnacion=: many Spanish proper names are derived from the mysteries of religion, as _Dolores (Maria de los Dolores)_, etc.

83-7: =meses mayores=: the months just before harvest.

83-8: =la de todos los dias=: _your usual daily performance_, i.e. chocolate that is not good.

83-9: =Tarifa=: the most southern and the most Moorish city of Spain.

84-1: =Penon=: (sc. _de Gibraltar) the Rock of Gibraltar. Penon_ is an augmentative of _pena_.

84-2: =Anghera, Benzu, Atlas=: mountains of Africa, opposite Spain.

84-4: =iY vaya si es gorda!=: _and I tell you it's a long_ (lit. fat) _one!_ For _vaya_ cf. note _vamos_, p. 5, 11. For _si_ cf. note _si son de alegria_, p. 4, 2.

84-5: =iHombre!=: used here as a mere emotional interjection. Cf. note _hombre_, etc. p. 44, 2.

84-6: =cata aqui=: (equivalent to _he aqui_) behold, here is, this is_, etc.

84-7: =abencerraje=: properly: a member of the princely Moorish family of the _Abencerrajes_. (Cf. note _Aben-Humeya_, p. 76, 5.) Translate: _old heathen_.

84-8: =dicho esto=: cf. note _escrita la carta_, p. 83, 5.

84-9: =por si propio=: _of its own accord_.

84-10: =gaditana=: _of Cadiz_ (Latin _Gades_). Cf. note _bahia de Cadiz_, p. 67, 2.

84-11: =por mas senas=: cf. same note, p. 57, 2.

84-12: =papelote=: _huge document_.

84-13: =En tanto que=: cf. note _mientras tanto que_, p. 82, 9.

85-1: =guardandose=, etc.: cf. note _guardarselas_, p. 82, 8.

85-2: =no se te olvide=: cf. note _se me ha olvidado_, p. 51, 3.

85-3: =iQue si tenemos hijos!=: this may be rendered as an indirect question dependent on the verb _pregunta_ (he asks) understood. In such cases the redundant _que_ is generally used after the interrogative verb. Cf. note _dices que cuando_, p. 5, 2.

85-4: =zambombo, tonel, desagradecido=: _lout, wine-cask, ingrate_.

85-5: =Virgen de las Angustias=: cf. the Latin: _Mater Dolorosa_.

85-6: =tirando un pellizco=: _suddenly pinching_.

86-1: =plaza fuerte=: _stronghold_. Ceuta is garrisoned by Spanish troops.

86-2: =chilava=: a garment with a hood.

86-3: =jaique=: Arab cape with a hood.

86-4: =Querer=: _do you wish_? (The Moor's speech is ungrammatical.)

86-5: =poniendose en cruz=: _crossing his arms_.

87-1: =sudando a mares=: (sweating seas) _breaking out into a profuse perspiration_.

87-2: =Alah=: (or =Ala=): _Allah_ (Arabic), _God_.

87-3: =a la boca=: cf. note _se la_, p. 4, 6.

87-4: =lo menos=: (for _a lo menos) at least_.

88-1: =Quesada y Sanchez=: cf. note _Tudela y Gonzalez_, p. 82, 10.

88-2: =Aben-Humeya=: cf. same note, p. 76, 5.

88-3: =Penitenciario=: _father-confessor_.

88-4: =esta en los huesos=: _is reduced to mere skin and bones_.

88-5: =alcuzcuz=: pellets of honey and flour, a favorite Moorish dish.

88-6: =candil=: cf. note _candil_, p. 59, 2.

89-1: =dicha de pronto=: _suddenly reported_.

89-2: =Fez=: a large inland city of Morocco, south of Tangier.

89-3: =como quiera que esta sea la hora... que no se haya vuelto a saber de Manos-Gordas=: _inasmuch as up to the present hour no one has ever heard anything more of Manos-Gordas_.

89-4: =dicho se esta=: _it remains said_ or _settled_.

89-5: =Rey absoluto=: Fernando VII (cf. note p. 34, 5).

89-6: =zapateta=: the striking together of the feet, or of foot and hand, in dancing.

89-7: =toda el Africa=: cf. note _al ave_, p. 25, 3.

89-8: =Jauja=: "_fool's Paradise_."

90-1: =tal dia hizo= (or _hara_) =un ano=: (expression of indifference or unconcern) _it's no great matter_.

90-2: =con poner mucha tierra por medio=: _by going a long way off_.

90-3: =no hay que pensar=: cf. note _lo que hay que hacer_, p. 12, 4.

90-4: =Toma aqui=: _go this way_.

90-5: =Tetuan=: city of Morocco, south of _Ceuta_.

90-6: =Llegado que hubieron=: cf. note _echado que hubo_, p. 1, 3.

90-7: =ben-Carime=: cf. note _Aben Humeya_, p. 76, 5.

90-8: =recien salida=: cf. note _recien llegado_, p. 73, 2.

90-9: =tal o cual=: _this or that, some... or other_.

91-1: =se coman=: cf. note _lo que me digo_, p. 7, 5.

91-2: =Aben-Humeya=: cf. note p. 76, 5.

91-3: =Don Juan de Austria=: a natural son of the Emperor Charles V, suppressed an insurrection of the Moors in _Granada_ (1570) and later Footnote: won the battle of _Lepanto_, where he crushed the Turkish armament. _Cervantes_, the author of _Don Quixote_, served under him in this battle.

92-1: =sin perjuicio de que=: cf. same note, p. 64, 11.

92-2: =andando los anos=: cf. note _escrita la carta_, p. 83, 5.

92-3: =setecientos=: it will be observed that in this and other compounds of _siete_, _ie_ reverts to the original etymological _e_ in accordance with the general rule operating through the whole Spanish vocabulary that _e_ changes to _ie_, and _o_ to _ue_, only in the accented syllable.

92-4: =volvera a pertenecerles=: it is said that some of the African Moors still preserve the title deeds to their Andalusian estates and even the keys of the houses, to which they hope to return.

92-5: =los cartagineses=: The Carthaginian influence predominated in Spain for several centuries till the end of the second Punic war in 201 B.C.; the Roman domination extended over several centuries from that date. The Vandals and Goths ruled in Spain from the fifth to the eighth century and the Moors from the eighth to the fifteenth.

92-6: =por la (or _lo_ or _el_) presente=: _at the present time_.

92-7: =suponiendo que=: _assuming that_.

92-8: =projimo=: (noun) _one's neighbor, fellow-man; proximo -a_ (adj.) next, nearest, neighboring.

92-9: =nada mas que=: _solely_.

92-10: =escrito=: _written_ (in the book of Destiny). Fatalism and predestination are essential tenets of Mohammedanism.

93-1: =no es de hombres honestos=: _it is not (the characteristic) of honorable men_, i.e. _it does not befit good men_.

93-2: =maldito seas=: cf. same note, p. 9, 4.

93-3: =ni tan siquiera=: cf. same note, p. 78, 9.

93-4: =egira=: (or _egira_ or _hegira_) the year of Mohammed's flight from Mecca (622 A.D.), from which the Mohammedans reckon chronologically.

93-5: =de resultas de=: _as a result of_.

93-6: =Coran=: _Coran_ or _Koran_ (the Mohammedan Bible).

94-1: =compana=: an obsolescent form of _compania_.

94-2: =no me estara de mas=: _it will not be superfluous_.

94-3: =Luego=: _presently_.

94-4: =puede que=: cf. same note, p. 81, 6.

94-5: =por de pronto=: cf. same note, p. 81, 2.

94-6: =sinvergueenzona=: _shameless creature_. (Augmentative form of _sin vergueenza_.)

95-1: =de lo que=: cf. note _por lo que_, p. 30, 4.

95-2: =agareno=: _Mohammedan_. Originally applied to those who were supposed to descend from _Hagar_, as opposed to Saracen, a superior class, claiming descent from _Sarah_, the wife of _Abraham_. _Vide_ Book of _Genesis_.

96-1: =se viene=: _he will come along_. The reflexive pronoun, so common with verbs of motion, is redundant. For tense cf. note _me matan_, p. 3, 1.

96-2: =alcuzcuz=: cf. same note, p. 88, 5.

96-3: =muy recocido=: _thoroughly cooked_.

96-4: =a ver=: (= _para ver_). The preposition _a_, introducing an infinitive expressing purpose, is regularly used after verbs of motion like _ir, venir_, etc.

96-5: =dorado a fuego=: _bronzed_.

97-1: =Oran=: an Algerian province, bordering on Morocco.

97-2: =Marruecos=: _Morocco_.

97-3: =Supe=: cf. note _supe_, p. 63, 2.

97-4: =por resultas de=: cf. note _de resultas de_, p. 93, 5.

97-5: =a fuerza de=: _by dint of, at the price of_.

98-1: =visto lo cual=: cf. _escrita la carta_, p. 83, 5.

98-2: =te has hecho cargo=: _you have taken note of, you have understood_.

98-3: =cuando menos=: _at least_.

98-4: =despues de descubierto=: cf. note _despues de muerto_, p. 5, 8.

98-5: =subir... hasta rey=: _rise even to the dignity of king_.

98-6: =?Que te parece mi proyecto?=: _how does my plan strike you_?

99-1: =Tu no has caido en una cuenta=: _there is one thing you have failed to understand. Caigo en_..., I understand.

99-2: =tonto de capirote=: _utterly foolish_.

99-3: =Ni=: _and_. This peculiarly idiomatic use of the negative may be explained as being carried into the expression of the thought by suggestion from its essentially negative nature. Cf. note _ni_, p. 16, 6.

100-1: =el veintitantos=: _between the 20th and 28th_. The word is compounded in the same manner as _veintiseis_, etc. Cf. note _veintiun_, p. 22, 2.

100-2: =nevaba si habia que nevar=: _(freely) it snowed if it ever did_.

100-3: =sierra andaluza=: i.e. _Sierra Nevada_.

100-4: =sena=: provincialism for _senora_.

100-5: =cata aqui=: cf. same note, p. 84, 6.

100-6: =todo de un solo golpe=: _all at once_.

100-7: =se haran ustedes cargo=: cf. note _te has hecho cargo_, p. 98, 2.

100-8: =cruzandose la mantilla=: _crossing the ends of her mantilla over her breast_.

100-9: =Estaria de Dios=: _it must have been God's will_. Cf. note _no habria andado_, p. 8, 6.

100-10: =echases la misa en el puchero=: (should throw the mass into the kettle) _should stay at home and not go to mass_.

100-11: =sobre si=: _on (the question) whether; as to whether_.

101-1: =Marchado que se hubo=: cf. note _echado que hubo_, p. 1, 3.

101-2: =manta de muestra=: a showy wrap or blanket.

101-3: =maestro de obras=: _master-mason_.

101-4: =hizo como que se marchaba=: _acted as if he were going off_, i.e. _pretended to go_.

101-5: =ni tan siquiera=: cf. same note, p. 78, 9.

101-6: =en cuanto fue de dia=: _as soon as it was day_.

101-7: =los tales ruidos=: cf. note _la tal efigie_, p. 65, 4.

101-8: =cuartucho=: (fr. _cuarto_, room) _mean little room_. The diminutive ending _ucho_ is depreciative.

102-1: =Alcalde de monterilla=: _an ignorant rustic magistrate_.

102-2: =catalan=: of _Cataluna_, province in northwestern Spain.

102-3: =Yo me pinto solo=: _I excel_.

103-1: =Es que=: _but the fact is that_. Cf. note _y era que_, p. 69, 3.

103-2: =paro mientes=: _considered attentively_.

103-3: =Tampoco dejaria de agradarme=: _nor would it displease me_ (lit. _fail of pleasing me_).

103-4: =echo los brazos a la espalda=: _folded his arms behind his back_.

104-1: =me lo se=: cf. note _lo que me digo_, p. 7, 5.

104-2: =al pie de la letra=: _literally, word for word_.

104-3: =No me da por ahi=: _I have no interest in those parts_.

105-1: =chino=: the Chinese were formerly reputed to be very guileless.

105-2: =Melilla=: Mediterranean seaport of Morocco.

105-3: =un sobrino que tiene de musico=: _a nephew of his, a musician_.

105-4: =compadre=: cf. note _compadre_, p. 80, 2.

105-5: =dado que=: _inasmuch as_.

105-6: =en seguidita que almorcemos=: _just as soon as we have breakfasted_. This diminutive form in _ita_ emphasizes the ordinary _en seguida_.

106-1: =entre si parece o no parece=: _while we are waiting to learn if it will appear or not appear_.

106-2: =De lo contrario=: _(in the contrary case), if you do not_.

107-1: =Juzgado de primera instancia=: an inferior court for trying civil cases; primary court of claims.

107-2: =(q.D.g.)=: _que Dios guarde_, whom may God preserve.

108-1: =echarle mano=: _lay hands on him_.

108-2: =Chancilleria de Granada=: formerly one of the two supreme courts of Spain.

108-3: =Compadre=: cf. same note, p. 80, 2.

108-4: =Ni la Caridad=: _not Heaven itself_.

108-5: =salva=: cf. note _me matan_, p. 3, 1.

108-6: =o sea=: cf. note _o sean_, p. 39, 4.

108-7: =por lo pronto=: cf. note _por de pronto_, p. 81, 2.

108-8: =ha prescrito=: _has been outlawed_ or _rendered null_.

109-1: =Vaya si me lo llevare=: _why! of course I will carry it away with me_. For _vaya_ cf. note _vamos_, p. 5, 11; for _si_ cf. note _si son de alegria_, p. 4, 2; and for _me_ cf, note _lo que me digo_, p. 7, 5.

109-2: =me he de vengar=: cf. note _habia de conocer_, p. 3, 4.

109-3: =iVamos andando!=: _Let's be a-going_!

109-4: =habidos y por haber=: _(that have been and that shall be) past and future_.

109-5: =el Viernes de Dolores=: _the Friday before Palm Sunday_.

109-6: =regresado que hubo=: cf. note _echado que hubo_, p. 1, 3.

109-7: =Domingo de Ramos=: _Palm Sunday_.

109-8: =Miercoles Santo=: _Wednesday of Holy Week_.

109-9: =Sabado de Gloria=: _Easter Sunday_.

110-1: =mando poner una carta=: _he directed that a letter be dispatched_.

110-2: =no volvio a echar mas luz=: _Echar luz_, to recover health and strength. For _volvio a_ cf. note _se volvio a reir_, p. 2, 3.

110-3: =Por manera que=: _so that_.

110-4: =con posterioridad a=: _subsequent to_.

110-5: =andando el tiempo=: cf. note _escrita la carta_, p. 83, 5.

111-1: =Spitzberg=: Spitzbergen, a group of islands in the Arctic Ocean north of Norway.

111-2: =al hacha=: cf. note _al ave_, p. 25, 3.

111-3: =lo que si se=: _si (yes)_ is often redundantly used to emphasize a verb.

111-4: =emigrarian=: cf. note _no habria andado_, p. 8, 6.

112-1: =a fines de Agosto=: the plural forms _fines, mediados_, and _principios_ are used in indefinite reference to end, middle, and beginning of the month, year, etc.

112-2: =Siquiera=: _at least_.

112-3: =por si queria=: _in case I wished_.

112-4: =Parry=: the English explorer who made various Arctic exploring expeditions between 1811 and 1827.

112-5: =Robinson=: _Robinson Crusoe_.

113-1: =recorrer su ocaso=: _revolve around its setting point_.

113-2: =esculpidos=: cf. note _estupefacto_, p. 9, 1.

114-1: =posterior a su Apocalipsis=: _after the Apocalypse_ (the end of the world). This is the Greek title of the Book of Revelation.

115-1: =lo mata todo=: _kills everything_. _Lo... todo_ as object of a verb is often equivalent to _everything_.

116-1: =mi no ser=: _the non ego_.

116-2: =Groenlandia=: _Greenland_.

116-3: =Nueva Zembla=: _Nova Zembla_, a group of two islands in the Arctic Ocean, north of Russia.

ll6-4: =descorrio=: _infused_.

116-5: =Oceania=: _Oceanica_, the collective name of the islands of the Pacific.

116-6: =Atila=: _Attila_, king of the Huns, who devastated Europe about the middle of the fifth century.

117-1: =?De que pecan?=: _in what respect are they wrong_ (lit. _do they sin_)?

117-2: =de exagerados=: (i.e. _pecan de exagerados_) _they have the fault of being exaggerated_.

118-1: =pro indiviso=: (Latin) _undivided_.

118-2: =habra=: cf. note _no habria andado_, p. 8, 6.

119-1: =Lazaro=: for the story of the resurrection of Lazarus, see the Gospel of John, xi.

120-1: =capella ardente=: (Italian) place where a dead body lies in state amid burning tapers.

121-1: =frente a=: _in front of_.

121-2: =Ya... ya=: _now... now_.

123-1: =Noe=: _Noah_ (cf. Genesis, viii).

124-1: =Dia 5=: (sc. _de Febrero_).

125-1: =a la Creacion=: this is the direct object of _he aqui_ (= behold). The preposition _a_, regularly used before the personal direct object, may be used before things also when personified. Cf. p. 61, last line.

126-1: =Circulo polar=: _Arctic Circle_ (66-2/3 deg. N. latitude).

126-2: =mallemak=, etc.: retain the original name in translating.

126-3: =Escocia=: _Scotland_. Cf. note _estupefacto_, p. 9, 1.

127-1: =Prometeo=: _Prometheus_, who was chained to a rock by order of Jove for stealing fire from heaven.

127-2: =iNecio de mi!=: cf. same note, p. 13, 1.

129-1: =de consiguiente=: the usual phrase is _por consiguiente_.

EXERCISES FOR TRANSLATION (p173)

These exercises are based on the text of the preceding stories. The passage indicated, consisting usually of only fifteen or twenty lines, should be thoroughly studied before translating the exercise. The special subject illustrated by the exercise should also be studied in the grammar.