Chapter I: =Elementary Institutes= (4)

(i) If, instead of exposing this bishop, he had taken yours with his queen, or had taken your knight with his queen’s bishop, he would have lost the game.

17.
W. The queen at her king’s knight’s 2d.
B. King’s bishop’s pawn 2 squares.

18.
W. The queen takes the pawn.
B. The queen takes the queen.

19.
W. The rook takes the queen.
B. The pawn takes the pawn.

20.
W. The king’s bishop takes the knight.
B. The queen’s bishop takes the knight.

21.
W. The queen’s knight takes the bishop.
B. The pawn takes the knight.

22.
W. The bishop at the adverse king’s bishop’s 2d.
B. The rook at his king’s bishop’s square.

23.
W. The rook takes the pawn.
B. The king at his queen’s bishop’s 2d.

24.
W. The king at his queen’s 2d.(k)
B. Queen’s bishop’s pawn 1 square.

(k) If you had pushed your queen’s bishop’s pawn, you would have lost the game; because your adversary by pushing his queen’s bishop’s pawn, would have forced you to remove your queen’s pawn, to take it, and have afterwards attacked at once your rook and your bishop with his knight.

25.
W. The bishop at the adverse king’s rook’s 4th.
B. The rook takes the rook.

26.
W. The bishop takes the rook.(l)

(l) From the manner in which the two parties are balanced, as to position, and the number of pieces, it is evident that it is become a draw game, unless some very great error is committed. This game shews, that a Gambit equally well attacked and defended, will not be decisive on either side; it is true that he who gives the pawn has the pleasure of uniformly attacking, and a prospect of winning, which would be realized, if he on the defensive did not maintain the most undeviating good play for the first ten or twelve moves.

STRICTURE BY THE EDITOR.

At the 17th move, there is an oversight in each player, one giving, and one overlooking a material advantage. Though one white knight, at the first view, seems protected by the other, the king’s knight is exposed to the bishop, on account of the ambuscaded action of the queen upon the king. Were the bishop to take, as he should, a train of involved movements might arise. The plain course, suggested by the position, would be best for the white player, though it leave the rival party the majority of a knight.

FIRST BACK GAME,

TO THE FIRST GAMBIT,

_On the Fourth Move of the White_.

4.
W. The king’s rook’s pawn 2 squares.
B. The king’s knight’s pawn 1 square.

5.
W. The king’s knight at the adversary’s king’s 4th.
B. The king’s rook’s pawn 2 squares.

6.
W. The king’s bishop at his queen’s bishop’s 4th.
B. The king’s rook at its 2d square.

7.
W. The queen’s pawn 2 squares.
B. The queen’s pawn 1 square.

8.
W. The queen’s knight at his queen’s 3d.
B. The queen at her king’s 2d square.

9.
W. The queen’s knight at his bishop’s 3d.
B. The king’s knight at his bishop’s 3d.

10.
W. The queen at her king’s 2d.
B. The king’s pawn 1 square

11.
W. The king’s knight’s pawn takes the pawn.
B. The king’s knight’s pawn takes the pawn.

12.
W. The queen takes the pawn.
B. The queen’s bishop at the adverse king’s knight’s 4th.

13.
W. The queen at her king’s 3d square.
B. The king’s bishop at his rook’s 3d.

14.
W. The king’s knight at his king’s bishop’s 4th.
B. The queen’s bishop’s pawn 1 square.

15.
W. The queen’s bishop at his queen’s 2d.
B. The king’s bishop takes the knight.

16.
W. The queen takes the bishop.
B. The queen’s pawn 1 square.

17.
W. The king’s bishop at his queen’s 3d.
B. The king’s knight takes the king’s pawn.

18.
W. The knight or the bishop takes the knight.
B. The king’s bishop’s pawn 2 squares.

SECOND BACK GAME,

TO THE FIRST GAMBIT,

_On the Fourth Move of the Black_.

4.
W. King’s bishop at his queen’s bishop’s 4th.
B. King’s knight’s pawn 1 square.

5.
W. King’s knight at the adversary’s king’s 4th.
B. The queen gives check.

6.
W. The king at his bishop’s square.
B. King’s knight at his rook’s 3d.

7.
W. Queen’s pawn 2 squares.
B. Queen’s pawn 1 square.

8.
W. King’s knight at his queen’s 3d.
B. King’s pawn 1 square.

9.
W. King’s knight’s pawn 1 square.
B. The queen gives check.

10.
W. The king at his bishop’s 2d.
B. The queen gives check.

11.
W. The king at his 3d square.
B. King’s knight at his own square.

12.
W. King’s knight at his king’s bishop’s 4th.
B. King’s bishop at his rook 3d.

13.
W. King’s bishop at his own square, attacking the queen.
B. The queen takes the rook.

14.
W. The king’s bishop gives check, and the queen is lost.

THIRD BACK GAME,

TO THE FIRST GAMBIT,

_On the Fifth Move of the Black_.

5.
W. King’s rook’s pawn 2 squares.
B. King’s knight’s pawn 1 square.

6.
W. King’s knight at the adverse king’s knight’s 4th.
B. King’s knight at his rook’s 3d.

7.
W. Queen’s pawn 2 squares.
B. King’s bishop’s pawn 1 square.

8.
W. The queen’s bishop takes the gambit pawn.
B. Queen’s pawn 1 square.

9.
W. Queen’s bishop’s pawn 1 square.
B. The pawn takes the knight.

10.
W. The rook’s pawn takes the pawn.
B. King’s knight at his own square.

11.
W. The queen at her knight’s 3d.
B. The queen at her king’s 2d.

12.
W. Queen’s knight at his queen’s 2d.
B. The queen at her queen’s bishop’s square.

13.
W. The king castles with his rook.
B. Loses the game.

On a review of the board where the gambit ceased, the white pieces appear very judiciously placed.

FOURTH BACK GAME,

TO THE FIRST GAMBIT,

_On the Sixth Move of the Black_.

6.
W. Queen’s pawn 2 squares.
B. Queen’s bishop’s pawn 1 square.

7.
W. King’s pawn 1 square.
B. Queen’s knight’s pawn 2 squares.

8.
W. King’s bishop at his queen’s knight’s 3d.
B. Queen’s rook’s pawn 2 squares.

9.
W. Queen’s rook’s pawn 2 squares.
B. Queen’s knight’s pawn 1 square.

10.
W. Queen’s knight at his queen’s 2d.
B. Queen’s bishop at his rook’s 3d.

11.
W. The queen’s knight at his king’s 4th square.
B. The queen at her knight’s 3d square, or any where.[28]

12.
W. The knight gives check at the adverse queen’s 3d square.

[28] PHILIDOR surrenders the position of the blacks as desperate; but it would appear, that if the queen wait to move to more advantage, the king’s bishop resuming his square; after the exchange of the bishop for the knight, if the white knight chuse to check, they would be fortified at every point.

FIFTH BACK GAME,

TO THE FIRST GAMBIT,

_On the Seventh Move of the Black_.

7.
W. Queen’s bishop’s pawn 1 square.
B. Queen’s bishop at the adverse king’s knight’s 4th.

8.
W. The queen at her knight’s 3d square.
B. Queen’s bishop at his king’s rook’s 4th.

9.
W. The king’s rook’s pawn takes the pawn.
B. The pawn takes the pawn.

10.
W. The rook takes the bishop.
B. The rook takes the rook.

11.
W. The king’s bishop takes the pawn, giving check to the king
and rook; wins the latter powerful piece, and consequently
the game.

SIXTH BACK GAME,

TO THE FIRST GAMBIT.

_On the Seventh Move of the Black_.

7.
W. Queen’s bishop’s pawn 1 square.
B. Queen’s bishop at his king’s 3d square.

8.
W. The bishop takes the bishop.
B. The pawn takes the bishop.

9.
W. The queen at her knight’s 3d.
B. The queen at her bishop’s square, to defend the 2 pawns.

10.
W. The rook’s pawn takes the pawn.
B. The rook’s pawn takes the pawn.

11.
W. The rook takes the rook.
B. The bishop takes the rook.

12.
W. The king’s knight takes the pawn.
B. The king at his 2d square.

13.
W. The queen’s bishop takes the pawn.
B. The queen’s knight at his bishop’s 3d.

14.
W. Queen’s knight at his queen’s 2d.
B. Queen’s rook’s pawn 2 squares.

15.
W. The king castles.
B. Queen’s knight’s pawn 2 squares.

16.
W. The rook at his king’s rook’s square.
B. The king’s knight at his bishop’s 3d.

17.
W. The rook takes the bishop.
B. The queen takes the rook.

18.
W. The queen takes the king’s pawn and gives check.
B. The king retires where he pleases, the game is lost.

VARIATION on the 16th Move.

Return the black king’s knight to his square, the black queen to her bishop’s first, the black bishop to his rook’s square, the black pawn to his king’s third, the white queen to her knight’s third, the white rook to its king’s rook’s square—and the resources of the black player will be found not exhausted. AS SCIPIO saved ROME by attacking CARTHAGE; so a counter stroke in Chess, is often the best defence.

Instead of regarding the assault of the white rook on the bishop, which is to draw the black queen, by an exchange, from the square where she supports the king’s pawn; at the countermove, let the black player assail the white queen with his rook’s pawn; when he has obliged her to quit a square from which she has an aspect on his king’s pawn, he may protect his bishop, by moving his knight, and the party will not be circumvented, as a necessary consequence of the preceding moves. The white queen may not retire, but persevere in taking the king’s pawn, though defeated in her design of removing the rival queen; the train of changes to which this will lead, will leave the white party a majority of two pawns, added to the difference between a knight and a bishop; as one of the pawns will stand alone, and the black pieces will be well disposed for manœuvring, this superiority cannot be considered decisive.

SEVENTH BACK GAME,

TO THE FIRST GAMBIT,

_On the Eighth Move of the Black_.

8.
W. The queen at her king’s 2d.
B. Queen’s bishop at his king’s 3d.

9.
W. The bishop takes the bishop.
B. The pawn takes the bishop.

10.
W. The king’s pawn 1 move.
B. The pawn takes the pawn.

11.
W. The pawn takes the pawn.
B. Queen’s knight at his queen’s 2d.

12.
W. King’s knight’s pawn 1 square.
B. The same.

13.
W. The knight’s pawn takes the pawn.
B. The pawn takes the knight.

14.
W. The queen takes the pawn.
B. The queen at her king’s 2d.

15.
W. Queen’s knight at his queen’s 2d.
B. The king castles.

16.
W. Queen’s knight’s pawn 2 squares.
B. King’s rook’s pawn 1 square.

17.
W. Queen’s knight at his king’s 4th.
B. Queen’s knight at his 3d square.

18.
W. The bishop at his king’s 3d.
B. King’s knight at his rook’s 3d.

19.
W. The bishop at the adverse queen’s bishop’s 4th.
B. The queen at her bishop’s 2d.

20.
W. Queen’s rook’s pawn 2 squares.
B. The king’s bishop at his own square.

21.
W. Queen’s rook’s pawn 1 square.
B. The bishop takes the bishop.

22.
W. The pawn takes the bishop.
B. Queen’s knight at his queen’s 2d.

23.
W. The knight gives check.
B. The king retires.

24.
W. Queen’s rook at its knight’s own square.
B. The queen’s knight takes the pawn.

25.
W. The knight takes the queen’s knight’s pawn.
B. The knight takes the knight.

26.
W. Queen’s rook’s pawn 1 square.
B. The king at his queen’s rook’s square.

27.
W. The rook takes the knight.
B. The queen at her bishop’s 1st square.

28.
W. The king’s rook at its 2d square.
B. The queen’s rook at its queen’s 2d square.

29.
W. The king’s rook at its queen’s knight’s 2d square.
B. The king’s rook at its 2d square.

30.
W. The queen takes the adverse queen’s bishop’s pawn,
and wins the game.

The science of PHILIDOR has kept the balance critically suspended to the last.

SECOND GAMBIT,

WITH FIVE BACK GAMES:

_The First on the Third Move, the Second and Third on the Fourth, the Fourth on the Ninth, and the Fifth on the Eleventh Move of the Black_.

1.
W. The king’s pawn 2 squares.
B. The same.

2.
W. King’s bishop’s pawn 2 squares.
B. The pawn takes the pawn.

3.
W. King’s bishop at his queen’s bishop’s 4th.
B. The queen gives check.(a) ☜

4.
W. The king at his bishop’s square.
B. King’s knight’s pawn 2 squares.(b) ☜

(a) A better way of playing at this move, would be to advance your king’s bishop’s pawn two squares; as you will see by a back game.

(b) There are two other ways of playing in this place; the one, playing the king’s bishop to the queen’s bishop’s fourth square; the other, pushing the pawn of the queen a square; which will make the subject of two back games.

5.
W. King’s knight at his bishop’s 3d.
B. The queen at her king’s rook’s 4th.(c)

6.
W. Queen’s pawn 2 squares.
B. Queen’s pawn 1 square.

7.
W. Queen’s bishop’s pawn 1 square.(d ☜)
B. Queen’s bishop at the adverse king’s knight’s 4th.

(c) He might have removed his queen to one of two other squares, but this is the best; for had he made her retire to your king’s knight’s fourth, you might have taken his king’s bishop’s pawn, by first attacking her, and then giving check, and perhaps afterwards have forced his queen; and if he had carried her to his king’s rook’s third square, you could have attacked his king’s bishop’s pawn with your king’s knight, which would entirely have decided the game in your favour.

(d) It is essential in the gambits to play this pawn, that you may afterwards be able to place your queen at her knight’s third square, by so doing you strengthen your position and perplex your adversary, especially if he has played his queen’s bishop, without attacking one of your pieces. See, respecting this, the fifth and sixth back games of the first gambit.

8.
W. The king at his bishop’s 2d.
B. King’s knight at his bishop’s 3d.(e) ☜

9.
W. The queen at her king’s 2d.
B. Queen’s knight at his queen’s 2d.

10.
W. King’s rook’s pawn 2 squares.
B. The bishop takes the knight.

11.
W. The queen takes the bishop.
B. The queen takes the queen.(f) ☜

12.
W. The king takes the queen.(g)
B. The pawn gives check.

(e) If, instead, he take your king’s knight, with his bishop; a third back game will shew you how to act.

(f) If, instead of taking your queen, he had given check, a fourth back game will shew you the course to make him lose the game.

(g) I have given it as a general rule, always to unite your pawns, and bring them into the centre. Here is, however, an exception for two reasons; first, if you take with your king you gain a pawn, your adversary not being able to prevent it; secondly, the queens having been exchanged, your king has nothing to fear, and by bringing him into play, he may be as useful as any other piece.

13.
W. The king takes the other pawn.
B. The king’s bishop gives check at his rook’s 3d.

14.
W. The king at the adverse king’s bishop’s 4th.(h)
B. The bishop takes the bishop.

15.
W. The rook takes the bishop.
B. King’s rook’s pawn 2 squares.

16.
W. The knight at his queen’s 2d.
B. The king at his own 2d.

17.
W. King’s rook at its king’s bishop’s square.(i)
B. Queen’s bishop’s pawn 1 square.(k)

(h) Your king would not be safe on that square, if your adversary had a bishop running white to drive him from the post; but, as it is, your king sustains all your pawns.

(i) You might have played this rook to your king’s square; but in this case your queen’s rook would have been rendered almost useless; it is better therefore to retard your attack, and get all your pieces into action.

(k) He prepares to push his queen’s pawn a square, to break your centre; but you must prevent it, by putting him under the necessity of defending himself.

18.
W. Queen’s rook at its king’s square.
B. Queen’s knight’s pawn 2 squares.(l)

19.
W. The bishop at his queen’s knight’s 3d.
B. Queen’s rook’s pawn 2 squares.

20.
W. The king’s pawn 1 square.
B. The pawn takes the pawn.

21.
W. The pawn takes the pawn.
B. King’s knight at his queen’s 4th.

22.
W. The knight at his king’s 4th.(m)
B. Queen’s knight at his own 3d.

23.
W. The knight at the adverse king’s bishop’s 3d.
B. Queen’s rook at its queen’s square.(n)

(l) He endeavours to attack you on your left, and make an opening for his rooks.

(m) You would have played wrong had you taken his knight with your bishop, because by taking your bishop with his pawn, that pawn would obstruct the passage of your knight; it was therefore necessary to play this knight first, in order to have no useless piece.

(n) If he had taken your knight, you must have taken his knight with the pawn, and afterwards attacked his king’s bishop’s pawn, by playing your queen’s rook to the adverse king’s second square.

24.
W. The king’s pawn 1 square.
B. Queen’s rook at its queen’s 3d.(o)

25.
W. The pawn takes the pawn and gives check from the rook.
B. The king takes the pawn.

26.
W. The king at the adverse king’s knight’s 4th.
B. The king at his knight’s 2d.

27.
W. The knight takes the rook’s pawn and gives check.
B. The king at his rook’s 2d.

28.
W. The king’s rook gives check.
B. The king at his knight’s square.

(o) If, instead of playing the rook, he had taken your pawn, you would have won the game in a few moves, because he would have lost his queen’s bishop’s pawn; so, if he had taken your knight with his own, you would have taken his pawn with yours, giving check by discovery.

29.
W. The king’s rook at the adverse queen’s knight’s 2d square.
B. The queen’s rook at his queen’s square.(p)

30.
W. The bishop takes the adverse queen’s knight, and wins the game.

(p) If he had played his king instead of his queen’s rook, you might have given check with your queen’s rook, and taken that of his king. It must be observed here, that what has decided the game in favour of the white, is, that the king, having been in a situation, to enter the field with safety, which rarely happens, has been as instrumental to victory, as the best of his pieces. CHARLES XII. of Sweden was observed, very characteristically, to move the king more than any other piece; but this conduct is seldom to be imitated, on account of the ruin which involves the whole community of pieces, if the king meet with a disaster.

VARIATION.

At the 28th move, let the bishop check, instead of the rook; and the check-mate will be effected, almost at the instant, without circumevolution, or difficulty.

FIRST BACK GAME,

TO THE SECOND GAMBIT,

_On the Third Move of the Black_.

3.
W. King’s bishop at his queen’s bishop’s 4th.
B. King’s bishop’s pawn 2 squares.

4.
W. The pawn takes the pawn.(a)
B. The queen gives check.

5.
W. The king at his bishop’s square.
B. King’s pawn 1 square.(b)

6.
W. The bishop takes the knight.
B. The king’s pawn takes the pawn and gives check.(c)

(a) I make the white pawn take that pawn, to shew that it must cause the loss of the game; the best move in this puzzling situation, would have been to play your queen to your king’s second square.

(b) He exposes your king’s bishop to be taken by his queen.

(c) So situated he cannot chuse but win.

7.
W. The king takes the pawn.
B. The king’s rook takes the bishop and wins the game.

PHILIDOR does not seem to think this worth pursuing.

SECOND BACK GAME,

TO THE SECOND GAMBIT,

_On the Fourth Move of the Black_.

4.
W. The king at his bishop’s square.
B. King’s bishop at his queen’s bishop’s 4th.

5.
W. Queen’s pawn 2 squares.
B. King’s bishop at his queen’s knight’s 3d.

6.
W. King’s knight at his bishop’s 3d.
B. The queen at the white king’s knight’s 4th.

7.
W. The king’s bishop takes the king’s bishop’s pawn and gives check.
B. The king at his bishop’s square, because if he takes the bishop
he loses his queen.(a)

8.
W. King’s rook’s pawn 1 square.
B. The queen at the white king’s knight’s 3d.

(a) By the check of the knight.

9.
W. Queen’s knight at his bishop’s 3d.
B. The king takes the bishop.

10.
W. Queen’s knight at his king’s 2d.
B. The queen at her king’s knight’s 3d.

11.
W. The king’s knight gives check to the king and queen,
and wins the game.

The white player’s suffering his bishop to be taken, to get so good a compensation for him, has something very ingenious in it.

THIRD BACK GAME,

TO THE SECOND GAMBIT,

_On the Fourth Move of the Black_.

4.
W. The king at his bishop’s square.
B. Queen’s pawn 1 square.

5.
W. King’s knight at his bishop’s 3d.
B. Queen’s bishop at the white king’s knight’s 4th.

6.
W. Queen’s pawn 2 squares.
B. King’s knight’s pawn 2 squares.

7.
W. Queen’s knight at his bishop’s 3d.
B. The queen at her king’s rook’s 4th.

8.
W. King’s rook’s pawn 2 squares.
B. King’s rook’s pawn 1 square.

9.
W. The king at his bishop’s 2d.
B. The bishop takes the knight.

10.
W. The pawn takes the bishop.
B. The queen at her king’s knight’s 3d.

11.
W. The rook’s pawn takes the pawn.
B. The queen takes the pawn.

12.
W. The knight at his king’s 2d.
B. The queen’s knight at his queen’s 2d.

13.
W. The knight takes the pawn.
B. The queen at her own square.

14.
W. Queen’s bishop’s pawn 1 square.
B. Queen’s knight at his 3d square.

15.
W. King’s bishop at his queen’s 3d.
B. The queen at her own 2d.

16.
W. Queen’s bishop at his king’s 3d.
B. The king castles.

17.
W. Queen’s rook’s pawn 2 squares.
B. The king at his queen’s knight’s square.

18.
W. Queen’s rook’s pawn 1 square.
B. Queen’s knight at his bishop’s square.

19.
W. Queen’s knight’s pawn 2 squares.
B. Queen’s bishop’s pawn 1 square.

20.
W. Queen’s knight’s pawn 1 square.
B. The pawn takes the pawn.

21.
W. Queen’s rook’s pawn 1 square.
B. Queen’s knight’s pawn 1 square.

22.
W. The queen at her knight’s 3d.
B. King’s knight at his bishop’s 3d.

23.
W. The king’s bishop takes the pawn.
B. The queen at her bishop’s 2d.

24.
W. Queen’s pawn 1 square.
B. King’s bishop at his knight’s 2d.

25.
W. King’s bishop at the black queen’s bishop’s 3d.
B. King’s knight at his queen’s 2d.[29]

26.
W. The knight at his queen’s 3d.
B. King’s knight at his king’s 4th.

[29] Q. Would it not be better to put the _queen’s_ knight at his _king’s_ second square, because that would force away the white bishop; and the black king’s bishop might then take the pawn guarded by the queen, as a gratuitous capture?

27.
W. The knight takes the knight.
B. The bishop takes the knight.

28.
W. King’s bishop’s pawn 1 square.
B. The bishop at his king’s knight’s 2d.

29.
W. Queen’s bishop at his queen’s 4th.
B. The bishop takes the bishop.

30.
W. The pawn takes the bishop.
B. The queen at her king’s 2d.

31.
W. The king at his bishop’s 3d.
B. Queen’s rook at his king’s knight’s square.

32.
W. Queen’s rook at his queen’s bishop’s square.
B. Queen’s rook at his king’s knight’s 3d square.

33.
W. The bishop at the black queen’s knight’s 2d.
B. King’s rook at his knight’s square.

34.
W. The rook takes the knight.
B. The rook takes the rook.

35.
W. The bishop takes the rook.
B. The king takes the bishop.

36.
W. The rook gives check.
B. The king at his queen’s knight’s square.

37.
W. The queen at her bishop’s 4th.
B. The queen at her own 2d.

38.
W. The king’s bishop’s pawn 1 square, to prevent the queen’s check.
B. The rook at its king’s knight’s square.

39.
W. The queen at the black queen’s bishop’s 3d.(a)
B. The queen takes the queen.

40.
W. The pawn takes the queen.
B. The king at his queen’s bishop’s 2d.

41.
W. Queen’s pawn 1 square.
B. King’s rook’s pawn 1 square.

(a) This is highly tactical, because one of the white pawns is doubled, and this will extend them on the four centre files;—for the black queen _must_ exchange.

42.
W. The rook at his king’s rook’s square.
B. The same.

43.
W. The rook at his king’s knight’s square.
B. The rook at his 2d square.

44.
W. The rook at the black king’s knight’s square.
B. Queen’s knight’s pawn 1 square.

45.
W. The rook at the black queen’s rook’s square.
B. The king at his queen’s knight’s 3d.

46.
W. The rook gives check.
B. The king at his queen’s bishop’s 2d.

47.
W. The rook gives check.
B. The king at the queen’s square.

48.
W. The king’s pawn 1 square.
B. The pawn takes the pawn.

49.
W. The queen’s pawn 1 square.
B. The king at his queen’s bishop’s square.

50.
W. The pawn gives check.
B. The king at his queen’s square.

51.
W. The rook gives check, the king removes, the pawn is queened,
and wins the game.

FOURTH BACK GAME,

TO THE SECOND GAMBIT,

_On the Ninth Move of the Black_.

9.
W. The queen at her king’s 2d.
B. The bishop takes the knight.

10.
W. The queen takes the bishop.
B. The queen takes the queen.

11.
W. The pawn takes the queen.
B. King’s bishop at his knight’s 2d.

12.
W. King’s rook’s pawn 2 squares.
B. King’s rook’s pawn 1 square.

13.
W. King’s rook at his knight’s square.
B. King’s knight at his rook’s 2d.

14.
W. The queen’s bishop takes the gambit pawn.
B. The king’s bishop takes the queen’s pawn and gives check.

15.
W. The pawn takes the bishop.
B. The pawn takes the bishop.

16.
W. King’s rook at the black king’s knight’s 2d.
B. Queen’s knight at his bishop’s 3d.

17.
W. Queen’s knight at his bishop’s 3d.
B. The queen’s knight takes the pawn.

18.
W. The bishop takes the pawn and gives check.
B. The king at his bishop’s square.

19.
W. Queen’s rook at his king’s knight’s square.
B. Queen’s knight at his bishop’s 3d.

20.
W. The bishop at his queen’s knight’s 3d.
B. Queen’s rook at his queen’s square.

21.
W. The king’s rook gives check at the black king’s bishop’s 2d.
B. The king at his own square.

22.
W. Queen’s rook at the black king’s knight’s 2d.
B. King’s knight at his bishop’s square.

23.
W. The knight at the adverse queen’s 4th square—the whites
_must_ win the game.

THE EDITOR must however confess, that if the queen’s rook, at the countermove, return to its square; he does not know how to press the white pieces upon the black king, so that he shall not elude the mate. If any other piece than the black rook move, there will be an immediate smothered-mate. If the rook move to any square short of his own, the defeat of the king will be retarded, in proportion to the area which is left him.

FIFTH BACK GAME,

TO THE SECOND GAMBIT,

_On the Eleventh Move of the Black_.

11.
W. The queen takes the bishop.
B. The knight gives check at the adverse king’s knight’s 4th.

12.
W. The king at his knight’s square.
B. The king knight’s pawn takes the pawn.

13.
W. The queen’s bishop takes the pawn.
B. King’s knight at his bishop’s 3d.

14.
W. The knight at his queen’s rook’s 3d.
B. The queen takes the queen.

15.
W. The pawn takes the queen.
B. The king’s knight at his rook’s 4th.

16.
W. The king’s rook takes the pawn.
B. The king’s knight takes the bishop.

17.
W. The rook takes the knight.
B. King’s bishop’s pawn 1 square.

18.
W. The king at his bishop’s 2d.
B. The king castles.

19.
W. The bishop at the adverse king’s 3d.
B. The bishop at his king’s 2d.

20.
W. Queen’s rook at its king’s rook’s square.
B. The king at his queen’s knight’s square.

21.
W. The bishop takes the knight.
B. The rook takes the bishop.

22.
W. Queen’s rook at the adverse king’s rook’s 3d.
B. Queen’s knight’s pawn 1 square.

23.
W. King’s rook at the adverse king’s bishop’s 4th.
B. The bishop at his queen’s square.

24.
W. King’s rook at the adverse king’s rook’s 4th.
B. The king at his queen’s knight’s 2d.

25.
W. King’s bishop’s pawn 1 square.
B. Queen’s bishop’s pawn 1 square.

26.
W. The king’s bishop’s pawn 1 square, and wins the game.

THIRD GAMBIT,

WITH THREE BACK GAMES:

_The First on the Second, the Second on the Third,
and the Third on the Eleventh Move of the Black_.

1.
W. The king’s pawn 2 squares.
B. The same.

2.
W. King’s bishop’s pawn 2 squares.
B. Queen’s pawn 2 squares.(a) ☜

3.
W. The king’s pawn takes the pawn.
B. The queen takes the pawn.(b) ☜

(a) If he had pushed this pawn but one square, it would have entirely changed the game; therefore, I make it the subject of a back game.

N. B. It is the best way of playing it, in order to avoid
the snares of your adversary in the Gambit, when you
receive the advantage of a piece.

(b) He might take your king’s bishop’s pawn with his king’s pawn; the basis of a material change, and the subject of a back game.

4.
W. The pawn takes the pawn.
B. The queen takes the pawn and gives check.

5.
W. The bishop covers the check.(c)
B. King’s bishop at his queen’s 3d.

6.
W. King’s knight at his bishop’s 3d.
B. The queen at her king’s 2d.

7.
W. Queen’s pawn 2 squares.
B. The queen’s bishop at his king’s 3d.

8.
W. The king castles.
B. Queen’s knight at his queen’s 2d.

9.
W. Queen’s bishop’s pawn 2 squares.
B. Queen’s bishop’s pawn 1 square.

10.
W. Queen’s knight at his bishop’s 3d.
B. King’s knight at his bishop’s 3d.

(c) So situated, the game must appear equal: but on a minute balance the advantage is in your scale, because on your left wing you have four connected pawns, whilst your adversary’s pawns are in divisions of three and three, and all separated from the centre.

11.
W. King’s bishop at his queen’s 3d.
B. The king castles with his rook.(d) ☜

12.
W. Queen’s bishop at the adverse king’s knight’s 4th.(e)
B. King’s rook’s pawn 1 square.

13.
W. Queen’s bishop at his king’s rook’s 4th.
B. The queen at her own square.

14.
W. Queen’s knight at his king’s 4th.(f)
B. King’s bishop at his king’s 2d.

(d) It was indifferent to him whether he castled on the king’s or on the queen’s side. After the manœuvre of castling, I have already given a general rule for impelling your pawns, against his covering pawns; however, for illustration, I shall give a back game on that duplicate move.

(e) This would have been wrong had he not castled on his king’s side, because by pushing his king’s rook’s pawn, he had forced your bishop to retire; but, at present, it is your interest to excite him to push the pawns that cover his king, to prepare a breach for the attack.

(f) If he had not removed his queen, to replace her with the king’s bishop, the play of this knight would have perplexed his game.

15.
W. The queen at her king’s 2d.
B. The queen at her bishop’s 2d.(g)

16.
W. The knight takes the knight.
B. The knight takes the knight.

17.
W. The bishop takes the knight.
B. The bishop takes the bishop.

18.
W. The queen at her king’s 4th.
B. King’s knight’s pawn 1 square.

19.
W. The knight at the adverse king’s 4th.
B. The bishop takes the knight.(h)

(g) If, instead of playing his queen, he had taken your knight, you must have taken his knight with your queen; forcing him to derange his pieces, by manœuvering to save the mate, with which he would be threatened.

(h) If, instead of taking, he had withdrawn his bishop, you would then have taken his king’s knight’s pawn with your knight, and that would have given you the game.

20.
W. The pawn takes the bishop.
B. Queen’s rook at his queen’s square.(i)

21.
W. King’s rook at the adverse king’s bishop’s 3d.
B. The queen at her 2d square.(k)

22.
W. The king’s rook takes the king’s knight’s pawn, and gives check.
B. The pawn takes the rook.

23.
W. The queen takes the pawn, and gives check.
B. The king at his rook’s square.(l)

(i) If he had attacked your queen with his bishop, instead of playing his rook, you would have taken his bishop with your king’s rook; this, by making an opening upon his king, would have given you an easier attack.

(k) If he had not played his queen to this square, you must have taken his bishop with your rook, and that would have secured the game.

(l) If, instead of withdrawing his king, he had covered him with his queen, you must have taken his bishop, giving him check; and you would have been left on the right wing with two pawns and a bishop against a rook only, added to a good attack, which, improved, would be sufficient to win the game; but, as he has played his king instead of his queen, you cannot do better than make an end of the party by a drawn game, with a perpetual check.

24.
W. The queen takes the pawn, and gives a perpetual check.

FIRST BACK GAME,

TO THE THIRD GAMBIT,

_On the Second Move of the Black_.

2.
W. King’s bishop’s pawn 2 squares.
B. Queen’s pawn 1 square.

3.
W. King’s knight at his bishop’s 3d.
B. Queen’s bishop at the adverse king’s knight’s 4th.

4.
W. King’s bishop at his queen’s bishop’s 4th.
B. Queen’s knight at his bishop’s 3d.

5.
W. Queen’s bishop’s pawn 1 square.
B. The bishop takes the knight.

6.
W. The queen takes the bishop.
B. King’s knight at his bishop’s 3d.

7.
W. Queen’s pawn 1 square.
B. Queen’s knight at his rook’s 4th.

8.
W. The king’s bishop gives check at the adverse
queen’s knight’s 4th.
B. Queen’s bishop’s pawn 1 square.

9.
W. The bishop at his queen’s rook’s 4th.
B. Queen’s knight’s pawn 2 squares.

10.
W. The bishop at his queen’s bishop’s 2d square.
B. King’s bishop at his king’s 2d.

11.
W. Queen’s pawn 1 square.
B. The king’s pawn takes the queen’s pawn.

12.
W. The pawn takes the pawn.
B. The king castles.

13.
W. Queen’s bishop at his king’s 3d.
B. Queen’s knight at the white queen’s bishop’s 4th.

14.
W. Queen’s knight at his queen’s 2d.
B. The queen’s knight takes the pawn.

15.
W. King’s knight’s pawn 2 squares.
B. The queen’s knight returns to the white queen’s bishop’s 4th.

16.
W. The knight takes the knight.
B. The pawn takes the knight.

17.
W. King’s knight’s pawn 1 square.
B. The knight at his queen’s 2d.

18.
W. King’s rook’s pawn 2 squares.
B. The queen gives check.

19.
W. The king at his queen’s square.
B. The queen at the white queen’s rook’s 3d.

20.
W. Queen’s rook at his bishop’s square.
B. The queen takes the queen’s rook’s pawn.

21.
W. The queen at the black king’s rook’s 4th.
B. Queen’s rook at his knight’s square.

22.
W. King’s pawn 1 square.
B. King’s knight’s pawn 1 square.

23.
W. The queen at her king’s 2d.
B. Queen’s rook at the white queen’s knight’s 2d.

24.
W. King’s rook’s pawn 1 square.
B. Queen’s bishop’s pawn 1 square.

25.
W. The king’s rook’s pawn takes the pawn.
B. The king’s bishop’s pawn takes the pawn.

26.
W. The king’s rook takes the pawn.
B. The king takes the rook.

27.
W. The queen gives check at the adverse king’s rook’s 4th.
B. The king where he can.

28.
W. The queen taking the pawn gives check—makes the following move.

SECOND BACK GAME,

TO THE THIRD GAMBIT,

_On the Third Move of the Black_.

3.
W. The king’s pawn takes the pawn.
B. The king’s pawn takes the pawn.

4.
W. King’s knight at his bishop’s 3d.
B. The queen takes the pawn.

5.
W. Queen’s pawn 2 squares.
B. The queen gives check at the adverse king’s 4th.

6.
W. The king at his bishop’s 2d.
B. King’s bishop at his king’s 2d.

7.
W. King’s bishop at his queen’s 3d.
B. The queen at her bishop’s 3d.

8.
W. The queen’s bishop takes the pawn.
B. Queen’s bishop at his king’s 3d.

9.
W. The queen at her king’s 2d.
B. The queen at her own 2d.

10.
W. Queen’s bishop’s pawn 2 squares.
B. Queen’s bishop’s pawn 1 square.

11.
W. Queen’s knight at his bishop’s 3d.
B. King’s knight at his bishop’s 3d.

12.
W. King’s rook’s pawn 1 square.
B. The king castles.

13.
W. King’s knight’s pawn 2 squares.
B. King’s bishop at his queen’s 3d.

14.
W. King’s knight at the black king’s 4th.
B. The bishop takes the knight.

15.
W. The pawn takes the bishop.
B. King’s knight at his king’s square.

16.
W. Queen’s rook at his queen’s square.
B. The queen at her king’s 2d.

17.
W. King’s knight’s pawn 1 square.
B. Queen’s knight at his queen’s 2d.

18.
W. The queen at the black king’s rook’s 4th.
B. King’s knight’s pawn 1 square.

19.
W. The queen at the adverse king’s rook’s 3d.
B. The queen gives check.

20.
W. The king at his knight’s 3d.
B. The queen’s knight takes the king’s pawn.

21.
W. The knight at his king’s 4th.
B. The queen at the adverse queen’s 4th.

22.
W. The knight gives check at the adverse king’s bishop’s 3d.
B. The knight takes the knight.

23.
W. The pawn takes the knight.
B. The game is lost, the mate being forced.[30]

[30] A _forced-mate_ is a mate, which, though a few desperate sacrifices might protract it, is inevitable.

THIRD BACK GAME,

TO THE THIRD GAMBIT,

_On the Eleventh Move of the Black_.

11.
W. King’s bishop at his queen’s 3d.
B. The king castles on his queen’s side.

12.
W. King’s rook at his king’s square.
B. The queen retires to her king’s bishop’s square.

13.
W. The queen at her rook’s 4th.
B. The king at his queen’s knight’s square.

14.
W. Queen’s bishop at his king’s 3d.
B. Queen’s bishop’s pawn 1 square.

15.
W. Queen’s pawn 1 square.
B. Queen’s bishop at the adverse king’s knight’s 4th.

16.
W. Queen’s knight’s pawn 2 squares.
B. The bishop takes the knight.

17.
W. The pawn takes the bishop.
B. Queen’s rook at his bishop’s square.

18.
W. The knight at the adverse queen’s knight’s 4th.
B. Queen’s rook’s pawn 1 square.

19.
W. The knight takes the bishop.
B. The queen takes the knight.

20.
W. Queen’s rook at his knight’s square.
B. Queen’s knight at his king’s 4th.

21.
W. King’s bishop at his king’s 2d.
B. King’s knight at his queen’s 2d.

22.
W. The queen at the adverse queen’s rook’s 4th.
B. The queen gives check at her king’s knight’s 3d.

23.
W. The king at his rook’s square.
B. The queen returns to her 3d square.

24.
W. The pawn takes the pawn.
B. The knight takes the pawn.

25.
W. Queen’s rook at the adverse queen’s knight’s 3d.
B. The queen at her king’s bishop’s square.

26.
W. King’s rook at his queen’s knight’s square.
B. The knight from his king’s 4th to his queen’s 2d.

27.
W. The queen’s rook takes the rook’s pawn.
B. The knight takes the rook.

28.
W. The queen takes the knight.
B. The queen’s rook at his bishop’s 2d.

29.
W. The queen’s pawn 1 square, and wins the game.

If, at the 28th move, the king, instead of the rook, be placed at the bishop’s second, the game may be protracted, though the mate cannot be finally eluded.—The practice of forbearing to involve the king in the conflicts of the field, is a necessary part of good play; but a mechanical habit of leaving him inactive, without reflecting whether a sally would or would not promote his defence, must be kept from insinuating into the player’s manner.

=_The Cunningham Gambit_=,

WITH TWO BACK GAMES:

_One on the Seventh Move of the Black,
and One on the Eleventh of the White_.

1.
W. The king’s pawn 2 squares.
B. The same.

2.
W. King’s bishop’s pawn 2 squares.
B. The pawn takes the pawn.

3.
W. King’s knight at his bishop’s 3d.
B. King’s bishop at his king’s 2d.

4.
W. King’s bishop at his queen’s bishop’s 4th.
B. The king’s bishop gives check.

5.
W. King’s knight’s pawn 1 square.
B. The pawn takes the pawn.

6.
W. The king castles.
B. The pawn takes the pawn and gives check.

7.
W. The king at his rook’s square.
B. King’s bishop at his 3d square.(a) ☜

8.
W. King’s pawn 1 square.
B. Queen’s pawn 2 squares.(b)

9.
W. The pawn takes the bishop.
B. The knight takes the pawn.

10.
W. King’s bishop at his queen’s knight’s 3d.
B. Queen’s bishop at his king’s 3d.

(a) If, instead of playing this bishop to his third square, he had played him to his king’s second square, you would have won the game in a few moves, as will be seen by a back game.

PHILIDOR.

But if the stricture on the tenth move of that back game be correct, no _previous_ move involves a necessity for the speedy mate which the black king suffers.

EDITOR.

(b) If he did not sacrifice his bishop, you would certainly win the game; but losing _that_ for three pawns, he must conquer by the superiority of his pawns, provided he is not too hasty in pushing them before he has got out all his pieces.

11.
W. Queen’s pawn 1 square.(c) ☜
B. King’s rook’s pawn 1 square.(d)

12.
W. Queen’s bishop at his king’s bishop’s 4th.
B. Queen’s bishop’s pawn 2 squares.

13.
W. The queen’s bishop takes the pawn close to his king.
B. Queen’s knight at his bishop’s 3d.

14.
W. Queen’s knight at his queen’s 2d.
B. King’s knight at the adverse king’s knight’s 4th.(e)

(c) By pushing this pawn two squares you had given his knight a free entry into your game, which would have lost you the party. The subject of a back game.

(d) This move is of great consequence to him for ensuring the party, because it hinders you from attacking his king’s knight with your queen’s bishop, to effect afterwards a separation of his pawns, by sacrificing a rook for one of his knights, and this would have turned the game in your favour.

(e) He plays this knight to take your queen’s bishop, who would be troublesome to him, were he to castle on his queen’s side. Here we may observe, as a general rule, that when a player has advanced pawns, it becomes policy to commence a distinct hostility against the bishops, because they can menace the pawns, and block their way, more effectually than any other piece.

15.
W. The queen at her king’s 2d.(f)
B. The knight takes the bishop.

16.
W. The queen takes the knight.
B. The queen at her knight’s square.(g)

17.
W. The queen takes the queen.(h)
B. The rook takes the queen.

18.
W. Queen’s rook at his king’s square.
B. The king at his queen’s 2d.

(f) Knowing no expedient way to save your bishop, you play your queen to replace him; for if you had seated him at your king’s bishop’s fourth, to hinder the check of his knight, he would have pushed his king’s knight’s pawn upon the bishop, and made you lose the game immediately.

(g) He offers to exchange queens to break the direction of yours, so that he may place his queen at her third square, in case you refuse to take her.

(h) If you did not take the queen, your situation would be still worse.

19.
W. The king’s knight gives check.
B. The knight takes the knight.

20.
W. The rook takes the knight.
B. The king at his queen’s 3d.

21.
W. King’s rook at his king’s square.
B. Queen’s knight’s pawn 2 squares.

22.
W. Queen’s bishop’s pawn 1 square.
B. Queen’s rook at his king’s square.

23.
W. Queen’s rook’s pawn 2 squares.
B. Queen’s rook’s pawn 1 square.

24.
W. The knight at his king’s bishop’s 3d.
B. King’s knight’s pawn 2 squares.

25.
W. The king at his knight’s 2d.
B. King’s bishop’s pawn 1 square.(i)

26.
W. Queen’s rook at his king’s 2d.
B. King’s rook’s pawn 1 square.

(i) If he had pushed this pawn two squares you had gained his queen’s pawn, which would have improved your game.

27.
W. The queen’s rook’s pawn takes the pawn.
B. The pawn takes the pawn.

28.
W. King’s rook at his queen’s rook’s square.
B. Queen’s rook at his own square.(k)

29.
W. King’s rook returns to his king’s square.
B. The bishop at his queen’s 2d.

30.
W. Queen’s pawn 1 square.
B. Queen’s bishop’s pawn 1 square.

31.
W. The bishop at his queen’s bishop’s 2d.
B. King’s rook’s pawn 1 square.(l)

(k) You must never resign the passages, nor suffer the opponent to double his rooks; accordingly, rather than suffer this, he proposes to change piece for piece.

(l) He plays this in order afterwards to push his king’s knight’s pawn upon your knight, to force him from his position; but if he had pushed his knight’s pawn before playing this, your knight, vaulting to your king’s rook’s fourth, would have stopped the progress of all his pawns.

32.
W. King’s rook at his own square.
B. King’s rook at his 4th square.(m)

33.
W. Queen’s knight’s pawn 1 square.
B. Queen’s rook at his king’s rook’s square.

34.
W. Queen’s knight’s pawn 1 square.
B. King’s knight’s pawn 1 square.

35.
W. The knight at his queen’s 2d.
B. King’s rook at his king’s knight’s 4th.

36.
W. King’s rook at his king’s bishop’s square.
B. King’s knight’s pawn 1 square.

37.
W. The rook takes the pawn, and gives check.
B. The king at his queen’s bishop’s 2d.

38.
W. King’s rook at the adverse king’s knight’s 3d.
B. The pawn gives check.

(m) Had he given check with his rook’s pawn, instead of playing this, he would have acted contrary to the instruction given in the first party. _Vide note (x)._

39.
W. The king at his knight’s square.
B. King’s knight’s pawn 1 square.

40.
W. The rook takes the rook.
B. The pawn gives check.

41.
W. The king takes the knight’s pawn.
B. The rook’s pawn makes a queen, and gives check.

42.
W. The king at his bishop’s 2d.
B. The rook gives check at his king’s bishop’s square.

43.
W. The king at his 3d square.
B. The queen gives check at the adverse king’s rook’s 3d.

44.
W. The knight covers the check.
B. The queen takes the knight, and gives mate in a few moves.

The black pawns are conducted in a masterly manner on each wing, so as to lay a foundation for a beneficial result; but the halting march of the white pawn, which consumes the 33d and 34th moves of the white, seems to be a waste of a move at a critical period.

FIRST BACK GAME,

TO THE CUNNINGHAM GAMBIT,

_On the Seventh Move of the Black_.

7.
W. The king at his rook’s square.
B. King’s bishop at his king’s 2d.

8.
W. The king’s bishop takes the pawn and gives check.
B. The king takes the bishop.

9.
W. King’s knight at the adverse king’s 4th square,
giving double check.
B. The king at his 3d square; any where, he is liable
to lose the queen.

10.
W. The queen gives check at her king’s knight’s 4th.(a)
B. The king takes the knight.

11.
W. The queen gives check at the adverse king’s bishop’s 4th.
B. The king at his queen’s 3d.

(a) You waive the capture of the queen, to seize the opportunity of forcing a mate.

12.
W. The queen gives check-mate at the adverse queen’s 4th.

STRICTURE, and OUTLINES of a VARIATION.

The station assigned to the bishop at the 7th move, is as injudicious as the advantage taken of it is brilliant;—nevertheless there is no critical necessity for the mate being so precipitate. The king, at the 10th move, should refuse taking the knight. This creates him chances of escape, and leaves the hostile party but one mode of effecting any thing decisive. The knight, adopting that mode, at the following move, assaults both king and queen. The difficulty and embarrassment of the black pieces will then appear. The king, in protracting the struggle, exposes to dispersion and destruction his left wing. Equal play, exerted so long after a critical stroke, cannot retrieve the step on which the interest of this back game turns: but equal play may prevent the sudden extinction of manœuvring; and the practice of the best defence in situations of which various points are open to the enemy, imparts a facility at resource. It is not necessary to be circumstantial, in marking the conduct of the variation. Other expedients present themselves to retard defeat, the turns of which the reader may explore: but as the EDITOR finds already one variation on this back game, he declines multiplying ingraftments of a branch upon a branch, lest the principle of the gambit should be lost in its ramifications, and the attention diverted from the leading effect.

SEQUEL

TO THE FIRST BACK GAME;

_Shewing how to accomplish a Mate, if the King refuse to
take the Bishop_.

8.
W. The king’s bishop takes the pawn, and gives check.
B. The king at his bishop’s square.

9.
W. The king’s knight at the adverse king’s 4th.
B. King’s knight at his bishop’s 3d.

10.
W. King’s bishop at his queen’s knight’s 3d.
B. The queen at her king’s square.

11.
W. King’s knight at the adverse king’s bishop’s 2d.
B. The rook at his king’s knight’s square.

12.
W. King’s pawn 1 square.
B. Queen’s pawn 2 squares.

13.
W. The pawn takes the knight.
B. The pawn takes the pawn.

14.
W. The bishop takes the pawn.
B. Queen’s bishop at the adverse king’s knight’s 4th.

15.
W. The queen at her king’s square.
B. Queen’s bishop at his king’s rook’s 4th.

16.
W. Queen’s pawn 2 squares.
B. The bishop takes the knight.

17.
W. The queen’s bishop gives check.
B. The rook covers the check.

18.
W. The knight at his king’s bishop’s 3d.
B. The bishop takes the bishop.

19.
W. The knight takes the bishop.
B. The queen at her king’s bishop’s 2d.

20.
W. The knight takes the bishop.
B. The queen takes the knight.

21.
W. The queen takes the queen.
B. The king takes the queen.

22.
W. The bishop takes the rook; and wins the game.

SECOND BACK GAME,

TO THE CUNNINGHAM GAMBIT,

_On the Eleventh Move of the White_.

11.
W. The queen’s pawn 2 squares.
B. King’s knight at the adverse king’s 4th.

12.
W. Queen’s bishop at his king’s bishop’s 4th.
B. King’s bishop’s pawn 2 squares.

13.
W. Queen’s knight at his queen’s 2d.
B. The queen at her king’s 2d.

14.
W. Queen’s bishop’s pawn 2 squares.
B. Queen’s bishop’s pawn 1 square.

15.
W. The pawn takes the pawn.
B. The pawn takes the pawn.

16.
W. Queen’s rook at his bishop’s square.
B. Queen’s knight at his bishop’s 3d.

17.
W. The knight takes the knight.
B. The king’s bishop’s pawn takes the knight.

18.
W. The knight takes the pawn close to his king.
B. The king castles with his rook.

19.
W. The queen at her 2d square.
B. King’s rook’s pawn 1 square.

20.
W. Queen’s rook at the adverse queen’s bishop’s 4th.
B. Queen’s rook at his queen’s square.

21.
W. King’s bishop at his queen’s rook’s 4th.
B. King’s knight’s pawn 2 squares.

22.
W. Queen’s bishop at his king’s 3d.
B. The rook takes the rook.