Chapter XCVIII: Section 3: , Taipei, Taiwan, telephone: 886 (2) 2162-2000, FAX (29)

India
14,500 km
note: 5,200 km on major rivers and 485 km on canals suitable for
mechanized vessels (2005)

Indonesia
21,579 km (2005)

Iran
850 km (850 km on Karun River; additional service on Lake
Urmia) (2006)

Iraq
5,279 km
note: Euphrates River (2,815 km), Tigris River (1,899 km), and Third
River (565 km) are principal waterways (2004)

Ireland
753 km (pleasure craft only) (2005)

Italy
2,400 km
note: used for commercial traffic; of limited overall value compared
to road and rail (2004)

Japan
1,770 km (seagoing vessels use inland seas) (2006)

Kazakhstan
4,000 km (on the Ertis (Irtysh) (80%) and Syr Darya
(Syrdariya) rivers) (2005)

Kenya
part of Lake Victoria system is within boundaries of Kenya
(2003)

Kiribati
5 km (small network of canals in Line Islands) (2003)

Korea, North
2,250 km (most navigable only by small craft) (2006)

Korea, South
1,608 km (most navigable only by small craft) (2006)

Kyrgyzstan
600 km (2006)

Laos
4,600 km
note: primarily Mekong and tributaries; 2,897 additional km are
intermittently navigable by craft drawing less than 0.5 m (2005)

Latvia
300 km (2005)

Liechtenstein
28 km (2005)

Lithuania
425 km (2005)

Luxembourg
37 km (on Moselle River) (2003)

Madagascar
600 km (2005)

Malawi
700 km (on Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi) and Shire River) (2006)

Malaysia
7,200 km
note: Peninsular Malaysia 3,200 km, Sabah 1,500 km, Sarawak 2,500 km
(2005)

Mali
1,815 km (2005)

Mexico
2,900 km (navigable rivers and coastal canals) (2005)

Moldova
424 km (on Dniester River) (2005)

Mongolia
580 km
note: only waterway in operation is Lake Hovsgol (135 km); Selenge
River (270 km) and Orhon River (175 km) are navigable but carry
little traffic; lakes and rivers freeze in winter, are open from May
to September (2004)

Mozambique
460 km (Zambezi River navigable to Tete and along Cahora
Bassa Lake) (2002)

Netherlands
6,183 km (navigable for ships of 50 tons) (2005)

Nicaragua
2,220 km (including lakes Managua and Nicaragua) (2005)

Niger
300 km (the Niger, the only major river, is navigable to Gaya
between September and March) (2005)

Nigeria
8,600 km (Niger and Benue rivers and smaller rivers and
creeks) (2005)

Norway
1,577 km (2002)

Panama
800 km (includes 82 km Panama Canal) (2005)

Papua New Guinea
10,940 km (2003)

Paraguay
3,100 km (2005)

Peru
8,808 km
note: 8,600 km of navigable tributaries of Amazon system and 208 km
of Lago Titicaca (2005)

Philippines
3,219 km (limited to vessels with draft less than 1.5 m)
(2005)

Poland
3,997 km (navigable rivers and canals) (2005)

Portugal
210 km (on Douro River from Porto) (2003)

Romania
1,731 km
note: includes 1,075 km on Danube River, 524 km on secondary
branches, and 132 km on canals (2005)

Russia
102,000 km (including 33,000 km with guaranteed depth)
note: 72,000 km system in European Russia links Baltic Sea, White
Sea, Caspian Sea, Sea of Azov, and Black Sea (2005)

Rwanda
Lac Kivu navigable by shallow-draft barges and native craft
(2005)

Senegal
1,000 km (primarily on Senegal, Saloum, and Casamance
rivers) (2005)

Serbia
587 km - primarily on Danube and Sava rivers (2005)

Sierra Leone
800 km (600 km year round) (2005)

Slovakia
172 km (on Danube River) (2005)

Spain
1,000 km (2003)

Sri Lanka
160 km (primarily on rivers in southwest) (2005)

Sudan
4,068 km (1,723 km open year round on White and Blue Nile
rivers) (2005)

Suriname
1,200 km (most navigable by ships with drafts up to 7 m)
(2005)

Sweden
2,052 km (2005)

Switzerland
65 km (Rhine River between Basel-Rheinfelden and
Schaffhausen-Bodensee) (2003)

Syria
900 km (not economically significant) (2005)

Tajikistan
200 km (along Vakhsh River) (2006)

Tanzania
Lake Tanganyika, Lake Victoria, and Lake Nyasa principal
avenues of commerce with neighboring countries; rivers not navigable
(2005)

Thailand
4,000 km
note: 3,701 km navigable by boats with drafts up to 0.9 m (2005)

Togo
50 km (seasonally on Mono River depending on rainfall) (2005)

Turkey
1,200 km (2005)

Turkmenistan
1,300 km (Amu Darya and Kara Kum canal important inland
waterways) (2006)

Uganda
on Lake Victoria, 200 km on Lake Albert, Lake Kyoga, and
parts of Albert Nile (2005)

Ukraine
2,253 km (most on Dnieper River) (2006)

United Kingdom
3,200 km (620 km used for commerce) (2003)

United States
41,009 km (19,312 km used for commerce)
note: Saint Lawrence Seaway of 3,769 km, including the Saint
Lawrence River of 3,058 km, shared with Canada (2004)

Uruguay
1,600 km (2005)

Uzbekistan
1,100 km (2006)

Venezuela
7,100 km
note: Orinoco River and Lake de Maracaibo navigable by oceangoing
vessels, Orinoco for 400 km (2005)

Vietnam
17,702 km (5,000 km navigable by vessels up to 1.8 m draft)
(2005)

World
671,886 km (2004)

Zambia
2,250 km (includes Lake Tanganyika and the Zambezi and
Luapula rivers) (2005)

Zimbabwe
on Lake Kariba, length small (2005)

This page was last updated on 8 February, 2007

======================================================================

@2094 Judicial branch

Afghanistan
the constitution establishes a nine-member Stera Mahkama
or Supreme Court (its nine justices are appointed for 10-year terms
by the president with approval of the Wolesi Jirga) and subordinate
High Courts and Appeals Courts; there is also a minister of justice;
a separate Afghan Independent Human Rights Commission established by
the Bonn Agreement is charged with investigating human rights abuses
and war crimes

Albania
Constitutional Court, Supreme Court (chairman is elected by
the People's Assembly for a four-year term), and multiple appeals
and district courts

Algeria
Supreme Court

American Samoa
High Court (chief justice and associate justices are
appointed by the US Secretary of the Interior)

Andorra
Tribunal of Judges or Tribunal de Batlles; Tribunal of the
Courts or Tribunal de Corts; Supreme Court of Justice of Andorra or
Tribunal Superior de Justicia d'Andorra; Supreme Council of Justice
or Consell Superior de la Justicia; Fiscal Ministry or Ministeri
Fiscal; Constitutional Tribunal or Tribunal Constitucional

Angola
Supreme Court and separate provincial courts (judges are
appointed by the president)

Anguilla
High Court (judge provided by Eastern Caribbean Supreme
Court)

Antigua and Barbuda
Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based in Saint
Lucia; one judge of the Supreme Court is a resident of the islands
and presides over the Court of Summary Jurisdiction); member
Caribbean Court of Justice

Argentina
Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (the nine Supreme Court
judges are appointed by the president with approval by the Senate)
note: the Supreme Court currently has two unfilled vacancies, and
the Argentine Congress is considering a bill to reduce the number of
Supreme Court judges to five

Armenia
Constitutional Court; Court of Cassation (Appeals Court)

Aruba
Common Court of Justice of Aruba (judges are appointed by the
monarch)

Australia
High Court (the chief justice and six other justices are
appointed by the governor general)

Austria
Supreme Judicial Court or Oberster Gerichtshof;
Administrative Court or Verwaltungsgerichtshof; Constitutional Court
or Verfassungsgerichtshof

Azerbaijan
Supreme Court

Bahamas, The
Privy Council (London); Courts of Appeal; Supreme
(lower) Court; magistrates courts

Bahrain
High Civil Appeals Court

Bangladesh
Supreme Court (the chief justices and other judges are
appointed by the president)

Barbados
Supreme Court of Judicature (judges are appointed by the
Service Commissions for the Judicial and Legal Services); Caribbean
Court of Justice is the highest court of appeal

Belarus
Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the president);
Constitutional Court (half of the judges appointed by the president
and half appointed by the Chamber of Representatives)

Belgium
Supreme Court of Justice or Hof van Cassatie (in Dutch) or
Cour de Cassation (in French) (judges are appointed for life by the
government; candidacies have to be submitted by the High Justice
Council)

Belize
Supreme Court (the chief justice is appointed by the governor
general on the advice of the prime minister)

Benin
Constitutional Court or Cour Constitutionnelle; Supreme Court
or Cour Supreme; High Court of Justice

Bermuda
Supreme Court; Court of Appeal; Magistrate Courts

Bhutan
Supreme Court of Appeal (the monarch); High Court (judges
appointed by the monarch)

Bolivia
Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (judges appointed for 10-year
terms by National Congress); District Courts (one in each
department); provincial and local courts (to try minor cases)

Bosnia and Herzegovina
BH Constitutional Court (consists of nine
members: four members are selected by the Bosniak/Croat Federation's
House of Representatives, two members by the Republika Srpska's
National Assembly, and three non-Bosnian members by the president of
the European Court of Human Rights); BH State Court (consists of
nine judges and three divisions - Administrative, Appellate and
Criminal - having jurisdiction over cases related to state-level law
and appellate jurisdiction over cases initiated in the entities);
note - a War Crimes Chamber opened in March 2005
note: the entities each have a Supreme Court; each entity also has a
number of lower courts; there are 10 cantonal courts in the
Federation, plus a number of municipal courts; the Republika Srpska
has five municipal courts

Botswana
High Court; Court of Appeal; Magistrates' Courts (one in
each district)

Brazil
Supreme Federal Tribunal (11 ministers are appointed for life
by the president and confirmed by the Senate); Higher Tribunal of
Justice; Regional Federal Tribunals (judges are appointed for life);
note - though appointed "for life," judges, like all federal
employees, have a mandatory retirement age of 70

British Virgin Islands
Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court, consisting
of the High Court of Justice and the Court of Appeal (one judge of
the Supreme Court is a resident of the islands and presides over the
High Court); Magistrate's Court; Juvenile Court; Court of Summary
Jurisdiction

Brunei
Supreme Court - chief justice and judges are sworn in by
monarch for three-year terms; Judicial Committee of Privy Council in
London is final court of appeal for civil cases; Shariah courts deal
with Islamic laws (2006)

Bulgaria
Supreme Administrative Court; Supreme Court of Cassation;
Constitutional Court (12 justices appointed or elected for nine-year
terms); Supreme Judicial Council (consists of the chairmen of the
two Supreme Courts, the Chief Prosecutor, and 22 other members;
responsible for appointing the justices, prosecutors, and
investigating magistrates in the justice system; members of the
Supreme Judicial Council elected for five-year terms, 11 elected by
the National Assembly and 11 by bodies of the judiciary)

Burkina Faso
Supreme Court; Appeals Court

Burma
remnants of the British-era legal system are in place, but
there is no guarantee of a fair public trial; the judiciary is not
independent of the executive

Burundi
Supreme Court or Cour Supreme; Constitutional Court; Courts
of Appeal (there are three in separate locations); Tribunals of
First Instance (17 at the province level and 123 small local
tribunals)

Cambodia
Supreme Council of the Magistracy (provided for in the
constitution and formed in December 1997); Supreme Court (and lower
courts) exercises judicial authority

Cameroon
Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the president); High
Court of Justice (consists of nine judges and six substitute judges,
elected by the National Assembly)

Canada
Supreme Court of Canada (judges are appointed by the prime
minister through the governor general); Federal Court of Canada;
Federal Court of Appeal; Provincial Courts (these are named
variously Court of Appeal, Court of Queens Bench, Superior Court,
Supreme Court, and Court of Justice)

Cape Verde
Supreme Tribunal of Justice or Supremo Tribunal de Justia

Cayman Islands
Summary Court; Grand Court; Cayman Islands Court of
Appeal

Central African Republic
Supreme Court or Cour Supreme;
Constitutional Court (3 judges appointed by the president, 3 by the
president of the National Assembly, and 3 by fellow judges); Court
of Appeal; Criminal Courts; Inferior Courts

Chad
Supreme Court; Court of Appeal; Criminal Courts; Magistrate
Courts

Chile
Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (judges are appointed by the
president and ratified by the Senate from lists of candidates
provided by the court itself; the president of the Supreme Court is
elected every three years by the 20-member court); Constitutional
Tribunal

China
Supreme People's Court (judges appointed by the National
People's Congress); Local People's Courts (comprise higher,
intermediate, and local courts); Special People's Courts (primarily
military, maritime, and railway transport courts)

Christmas Island
Supreme Court; District Court; Magistrate's Court

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court

Colombia
four roughly coequal, supreme judicial organs; Supreme
Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia (highest court of
criminal law; judges are selected by their peers from the nominees
of the Superior Judicial Council for eight-year terms); Council of
State (highest court of administrative law; judges are selected from
the nominees of the Superior Judicial Council for eight-year terms);
Constitutional Court (guards integrity and supremacy of the
constitution; rules on constitutionality of laws, amendments to the
constitution, and international treaties); Superior Judicial Council
(administers and disciplines the civilian judiciary; resolves
jurisdictional conflicts arising between other courts; members are
elected by three sister courts and Congress for eight-year terms)

Comoros
Supreme Court or Cour Supremes (two members appointed by the
president, two members elected by the Federal Assembly, one elected
by the Council of each island, and others are former presidents of
the republic)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
Supreme Court or Cour Supreme

Congo, Republic of the
Supreme Court or Cour Supreme

Cook Islands
High Court

Costa Rica
Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (22 justices are elected
for eight-year terms by the Legislative Assembly)

Cote d'Ivoire
Supreme Court or Cour Supreme consists of four
chambers: Judicial Chamber for criminal cases, Audit Chamber for
financial cases, Constitutional Chamber for judicial review cases,
and Administrative Chamber for civil cases; there is no legal limit
to the number of members

Croatia
Supreme Court; Constitutional Court; judges for both courts
appointed for eight-year terms by the Judicial Council of the
Republic, which is elected by the Assembly

Cuba
People's Supreme Court or Tribunal Supremo Popular (president,
vice president, and other judges are elected by the National
Assembly)

Cyprus
Supreme Court (judges are appointed jointly by the president
and vice president)
note: there is also a Supreme Court in the area administered by
Turkish Cyriots

Czech Republic
Supreme Court; Constitutional Court; chairman and
deputy chairmen are appointed by the president for a 10-year term

Denmark
Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the monarch for life)

Djibouti
Supreme Court or Cour Supreme

Dominica
Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court, consisting of the Court of
Appeal and the High Court (located in Saint Lucia; one of the six
judges must reside in Dominica and preside over the Court of Summary
Jurisdiction)

Dominican Republic
Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (judges are
appointed by the National Judicial Council comprised of the
president, the leaders of both chambers of congress, the president
of the Supreme Court, and an additional non-governing party
congressional representative)

East Timor
Supreme Court of Justice - constitution calls for one
judge to be appointed by National Parliament and rest appointed by
Superior Council for Judiciary; note - until Supreme Court is
established, Court of Appeals is highest court

Ecuador
Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (according to the
Constitution, new justices are elected by the full Supreme Court; in
December 2004, however, Congress successfully replaced the entire
court via a simple-majority resolution)

Egypt
Supreme Constitutional Court

El Salvador
Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (judges are selected by
the Legislative Assembly)

Equatorial Guinea
Supreme Tribunal

Eritrea
High Court - regional, subregional, and village courts; also
have military and special courts

Estonia
National Court (chairman appointed by Parliament for life)

Ethiopia
Federal Supreme Court (the president and vice president of
the Federal Supreme Court are recommended by the prime minister and
appointed by the House of People's Representatives; for other
federal judges, the prime minister submits to the House of People's
Representatives for appointment candidates selected by the Federal
Judicial Administrative Council)

European Union
Court of Justice of the European Communities (ensures
that the treaties are interpreted and applied uniformly throughout
the EU; resolve constitutional issues among the EU institutions) -
27 justices (one from each member state) appointed for a six-year
term; note - for the sake of efficiency, the court can sit with 13
justices known as the "Grand Chamber"; Court of First Instance - 27
justices appointed for a six-year term

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
Supreme Court (chief justice is a
nonresident); Magistrates Court (senior magistrate presides over
civil and criminal divisions); Court of Summary Jurisdiction

Faroe Islands
none

Fiji
Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the president); Court of
Appeal; High Court; Magistrates' Courts

Finland
Supreme Court or Korkein Oikeus (judges appointed by the
president)

France
Supreme Court of Appeals or Cour de Cassation (judges are
appointed by the president from nominations of the High Council of
the Judiciary); Constitutional Council or Conseil Constitutionnel
(three members appointed by the president, three appointed by the
president of the National Assembly, and three appointed by the
president of the Senate); Council of State or Conseil d'Etat

French Polynesia
Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; Court of the First
Instance or Tribunal de Premiere Instance; Court of Administrative
Law or Tribunal Administratif

Gabon
Supreme Court or Cour Supreme consisting of three chambers -
Judicial, Administrative, and Accounts; Constitutional Court; Courts
of Appeal; Court of State Security; County Courts

Gambia, The
Supreme Court

Georgia
Supreme Court (judges elected by the Supreme Council on the
president's or chairman of the Supreme Court's recommendation);
Constitutional Court; first and second instance courts

Germany
Federal Constitutional Court or Bundesverfassungsgericht
(half the judges are elected by the Bundestag and half by the
Bundesrat)

Ghana
Supreme Court

Gibraltar
Supreme Court; Court of Appeal

Greece
Supreme Judicial Court; Special Supreme Tribunal; all judges
appointed for life by the president after consultation with a
judicial council

Greenland
High Court or Landsret (appeals can be made to the Ostre
Landsret or Eastern Division of the High Court or Supreme Court in
Copenhagen)

Grenada
Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court, consisting of a court of
Appeal and a High Court of Justice (a High Court judge is assigned
to and resides in Grenada)

Guam
Federal District Court (judge is appointed by the president);
Territorial Superior Court (judges appointed for eight-year terms by
the governor)

Guatemala
Constitutional Court or Corte de Constitutcionalidad is
Guatemala's highest court (five judges are elected for concurrent
five-year terms by Congress, each serving one year as president of
the Constitutional Court; one is elected by Congress, one elected by
the Supreme Court of Justice, one appointed by the president, one
elected by Superior Counsel of Universidad San Carlos de Guatemala,
and one by Colegio de Abogados); Supreme Court of Justice or Corte
Suprema de Justicia (13 members serve concurrent five-year terms and
elect a president of the Court each year from among their number;
the president of the Supreme Court of Justice also supervises trial
judges around the country, who are named to five-year terms)

Guernsey
Royal Court

Guinea
Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel

Guinea-Bissau
Supreme Court or Supremo Tribunal da Justica (consists
of nine justices appointed by the president and serve at his
pleasure; final court of appeals in criminal and civil cases);
Regional Courts (one in each of nine regions; first court of appeals
for Sectoral Court decisions; hear all felony cases and civil cases
valued at over $1,000); 24 Sectoral Courts (judges are not
necessarily trained lawyers; they hear civil cases under $1,000 and
misdemeanor criminal cases)

Guyana
Supreme Court of Judicature, consisting of the High Court and
the Judicial Court of Appeal, with right of final appeal to the
Caribbean Court of Justice

Haiti
Supreme Court or Cour de Cassation

Holy See (Vatican City)
there are three tribunals responsible for
civil and criminal matters within Vatican City; three other
tribunals rule on issues pertaining to the Holy See
note: judicial duties were established by the Motu Proprio of Pope
PIUS XII on 1 May 1946

Honduras
Supreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia
(judges are elected for seven-year terms by the National Congress)

Hong Kong
Court of Final Appeal in the Hong Kong Special
Administrative Region

Hungary
Constitutional Court (judges are elected by the National
Assembly for nine-year terms)

Iceland
Supreme Court or Haestirettur (justices are appointed for
life by the Minister of Justice); eight district courts (justices
are appointed for life by the Minister of Justice)

India
Supreme Court (one chief justice and 25 associate justices are
appointed by the president and remain in office until they reach the
age of 65 or are removed for "proved misbehavior")

Indonesia
Supreme Court or Mahkamah Agung (justices appointed by the
president from a list of candidates approved by the legislature); a
separate Constitutional Court or Mahkamah Konstitusi was invested by
the president on 16 August 2003; in March 2004 the Supreme Court
assumed administrative and financial responsibility for the lower
court system from the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights; Labor
Court under supervision of Supreme Court began functioning in
January 2006

Iran
Supreme Court - above a special clerical court, a revolutionary
court, and a special administrative court

Iraq
the Iraq Constitution calls for the Federal Judicial Authority,
comprised of the Higher Juridical Council, Supreme Federal Court,
Federal Court of Cassation, Public Prosecution Department, Judiciary
Oversight Commission and other federal courts that are regulated in
accordance with the law

Ireland
Supreme Court (judges appointed by the president on the
advice of the prime minister and cabinet)

Isle of Man
High Court of Justice (justices are appointed by the
Lord Chancellor of England on the nomination of the lieutenant
governor)

Israel
Supreme Court (justices appointed by Judicial Selection
Committee - made up of all three branches of the government;
mandatory retirement age is 70)

Italy
Constitutional Court or Corte Costituzionale (composed of 15
judges: one-third appointed by the president, one-third elected by
parliament, one-third elected by the ordinary and administrative
Supreme Courts)

Jamaica
Supreme Court (judges appointed by the governor general on
the advice of the prime minister); Court of Appeal

Japan
Supreme Court (chief justice is appointed by the monarch after
designation by the cabinet; all other justices are appointed by the
cabinet)

Jersey
Royal Court (judges elected by an electoral college and the
bailiff)

Jordan
Court of Cassation; Supreme Court (court of final appeal)

Kazakhstan
Supreme Court (44 members); Constitutional Council (7
members)

Kenya
Court of Appeal (chief justice is appointed by the president);
High Court

Kiribati
Court of Appeal; High Court; 26 Magistrates' courts; judges
at all levels are appointed by the president

Korea, North
Central Court (judges are elected by the Supreme
People's Assembly)

Korea, South
Supreme Court (justices appointed by president with
consent of National Assembly); Constitutional Court (justices
appointed by president based partly on nominations by National
Assembly and Chief Justice of the court)

Kuwait
High Court of Appeal

Kyrgyzstan
Supreme Court; Constitutional Court (judges of both the
Supreme and Constitutional Courts are appointed for 10-year terms by
the Jorgorku Kenesh on the recommendation of the president); Higher
Court of Arbitration; Local Courts (judges appointed by the
president on the recommendation of the National Council on Legal
Affairs for a probationary period of five years, then 10 years)

Laos
People's Supreme Court (the president of the People's Supreme
Court is elected by the National Assembly on the recommendation of
the National Assembly Standing Committee; the vice president of the
People's Supreme Court and the judges are appointed by the National
Assembly Standing Committee)

Latvia
Supreme Court (judges' appointments are confirmed by
Parliament); Constitutional Court (judges' appointments are
confirmed by Parliament)

Lebanon
four Courts of Cassation (three courts for civil and
commercial cases and one court for criminal cases); Constitutional
Council (called for in Ta'if Accord - rules on constitutionality of
laws); Supreme Council (hears charges against the president and
prime minister as needed)

Lesotho
High Court (chief justice appointed by the monarch acting on
the advice of the Prime Minister); Court of Appeal; Magistrate
Courts; customary or traditional court

Liberia
Supreme Court

Libya
Supreme Court

Liechtenstein
Supreme Court or Oberster Gerichtshof; Court of Appeal
or Obergericht

Lithuania
Constitutional Court; Supreme Court; Court of Appeal;
judges for all courts appointed by the President

Luxembourg
judicial courts and tribunals (3 Justices of the Peace, 2
district courts, and 1 Supreme Court of Appeals); administrative
courts and tribunals (State Prosecutor's Office, administrative
courts and tribunals, and the Constitutional Court); judges for all
courts are appointed for life by the monarch

Macau
Court of Final Appeal in Macau Special Administrative Region

Macedonia
Supreme Court - the Assembly appoints the judges;
Constitutional Court - the Assembly appoints the judges; Republican
Judicial Council - the Assembly appoints the judges

Madagascar
Supreme Court or Cour Supreme; High Constitutional Court
or Haute Cour Constitutionnelle

Malawi
Supreme Court of Appeal; High Court (chief justice appointed
by the president, puisne judges appointed on the advice of the
Judicial Service Commission); magistrate's courts

Malaysia
Federal Court (judges appointed by the paramount ruler on
the advice of the prime minister)

Maldives
High Court

Mali
Supreme Court or Cour Supreme

Malta
Constitutional Court; Court of Appeal; judges for both courts
are appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister

Marshall Islands
Supreme Court; High Court; Traditional Rights Court

Mauritania
Supreme Court or Cour Supreme; Court of Appeals; lower
courts

Mauritius
Supreme Court

Mayotte
Supreme Court or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel

Mexico
Supreme Court of Justice or Suprema Corte de Justicia
Nacional (justices or ministros are appointed by the president with
consent of the Senate)

Micronesia, Federated States of
Supreme Court

Moldova
Supreme Court; Constitutional Court (the sole authority for
constitutional judicature)

Monaco
Supreme Court or Tribunal Supreme (judges appointed by the
monarch on the basis of nominations by the National Council)

Mongolia
Supreme Court (serves as appeals court for people's and
provincial courts but rarely overturns verdicts of lower courts;
judges are nominated by the General Council of Courts and approved
by the president)

Montenegro
Constitutional Court (five judges with nine-year terms);
Supreme Court (judges have life tenure)

Montserrat
Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based in Saint Lucia,
one judge of the Supreme Court is a resident of the islands and
presides over the High Court)

Morocco
Supreme Court (judges are appointed on the recommendation of
the Supreme Council of the Judiciary, presided over by the monarch)

Mozambique
Supreme Court (the court of final appeal; some of its
professional judges are appointed by the president and some are
elected by the Assembly); other courts include an Administrative
Court, customs courts, maritime courts, courts marshal, labor courts
note: although the constitution provides for a separate
Constitutional Court, one has never been established; in its absence
the Supreme Court reviews constitutional cases

Namibia
Supreme Court (judges appointed by the president on the
recommendation of the Judicial Service Commission)

Nauru
Supreme Court

Nepal
Supreme Court or Sarbochha Adalat (chief justice is appointed
by the monarch on recommendation of the Constitutional Council; the
other judges are appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of
the Judicial Council)

Netherlands
Supreme Court or Hoge Raad (justices are nominated for
life by the monarch)

Netherlands Antilles
Joint High Court of Justice (judges appointed
by the monarch)

New Caledonia
Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; County Courts; Joint
Commerce Tribunal Court; Children's Court

New Zealand
Supreme Court; Court of Appeal; High Court; note -
Judges appointed by the Governor-General

Nicaragua
Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (16 judges elected for
five-year terms by the National Assembly)

Niger
State Court or Cour d'Etat; Court of Appeals or Cour d'Appel

Nigeria
Supreme Court (judges appointed by the President); Federal
Court of Appeal (judges are appointed by the federal government on
the advice of the Advisory Judicial Committee)

Niue
Supreme Court of New Zealand; High Court of Niue

Norfolk Island
Supreme Court; Court of Petty Sessions

Northern Mariana Islands
Commonwealth Supreme Court; Superior Court;
Federal District Court

Norway
Supreme Court or Hoyesterett (justices appointed by the
monarch)

Oman
Supreme Court
note: the nascent civil court system, administered by region, has
judges who practice secular and Shari'a law

Pakistan
Supreme Court (justices appointed by the president);
Federal Islamic or Shari'a Court

Palau
Supreme Court; National Court; Court of Common Pleas

Panama
Supreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia (nine
judges appointed for 10-year terms); five superior courts; three
courts of appeal

Papua New Guinea
Supreme Court (the chief justice is appointed by
the governor general on the proposal of the National Executive
Council after consultation with the minister responsible for
justice; other judges are appointed by the Judicial and Legal
Services Commission)

Paraguay
Supreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia
(judges appointed on the proposal of the Council of Magistrates or
Consejo de la Magistratura)

Peru
Supreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia (judges
are appointed by the National Council of the Judiciary)

Philippines
Supreme Court (15 justices are appointed by the
president on the recommendation of the Judicial and Bar Council and
serve until 70 years of age); Court of Appeals; Sandigan-bayan
(special court for hearing corruption cases of government officials)

Pitcairn Islands
Magistrate's Court; Supreme Court; Court of Appeal;
Judicial Officers are appointed by the Governor

Poland
Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the president on the
recommendation of the National Council of the Judiciary for an
indefinite period); Constitutional Tribunal (judges are chosen by
the Sejm for nine-year terms)

Portugal
Supreme Court or Supremo Tribunal de Justica (judges
appointed for life by the Conselho Superior da Magistratura)

Puerto Rico
Supreme Court; Appellate Court; Court of First Instance
composed of two sections: a Superior Court and a Municipal Court
(justices for all these courts appointed by the governor with the
consent of the Senate)

Qatar
Court of Appeal
note: under a judiciary law issued in 2003, the former two court
systems, civil and Islamic law, were merged under a higher court,
the Court of Cassation, established for appeals

Romania
Supreme Court of Justice (comprised of 11 judges appointed
for three-year terms by the president in consultation with the
Superior Council of Magistrates, which is comprised of the minister
of justice, the prosecutor general, two civil society
representatives appointed by the Senate, and 14 judges and
prosecutors elected by their peers); a separate body, the
Constitutional Court, validates elections and makes decisions
regarding the constitutionality of laws, treaties, ordinances, and
internal rules of the Parliament; it is comprised of nine members
serving nine-year terms, with three members each appointed by the
president, the Senate, and the Chamber of Deputies

Russia
Constitutional Court; Supreme Court; Supreme Arbitration
Court; judges for all courts are appointed for life by the
Federation Council on the recommendation of the president

Rwanda
Supreme Court; High Courts of the Republic; Provincial
Courts; District Courts; mediation committees

Saint Helena
Magistrate's Court; Supreme Court; Court of Appeal

Saint Kitts and Nevis
Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based on
Saint Lucia; one judge of the Supreme Court resides in Saint Kitts
and Nevis)

Saint Lucia
Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (jurisdiction extends to
Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, the British Virgin Islands, Dominica,
Grenada, Montserrat, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, and Saint
Vincent and the Grenadines)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
Superior Tribunal of Appeals or Tribunal
Superieur d'Appel

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court
(based on Saint Lucia; one judge of the Supreme Court resides in
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines)

Samoa
Court of Appeal; Supreme Court; District Court; Land and
Titles Court

San Marino
Council of Twelve or Consiglio dei XII

Sao Tome and Principe
Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the
National Assembly)

Saudi Arabia
Supreme Council of Justice

Senegal
Constitutional Court; Council of State; Court of Final
Appeals or Cour de Cassation; Court of Appeals

Serbia
Constitutional Court, Supreme Court (to become court of
cassation under new constitution), appellate courts, district
courts, municipal courts; Kosovo: Supreme Court, district courts,
municipal courts, minor offense courts; note - Ministry of Justice
was created on 20 December 2004; UNMIK appoints all judges and
prosecutors; UNMIK is working on transferring competencies

Seychelles
Court of Appeal; Supreme Court; judges for both courts
are appointed by the president

Sierra Leone
Supreme Court; Appeals Court; High Court

Singapore
Supreme Court (chief justice is appointed by the president
with the advice of the prime minister, other judges are appointed by
the president with the advice of the chief justice); Court of Appeals

Slovakia
Supreme Court (judges are elected by the National Council);
Constitutional Court (judges appointed by president from group of
nominees approved by the National Council); Special Court (judges
elected by a council of judges and appointed by president)

Slovenia
Supreme Court (judges are elected by the National Assembly
on the recommendation of the Judicial Council); Constitutional Court
(judges elected for nine-year terms by the National Assembly and
nominated by the president)

Solomon Islands
Court of Appeal

Somalia
following the breakdown of the central government, most
regions have reverted to local forms of conflict resolution, either
secular, traditional Somali customary law, or Shari'a (Islamic) law
with a provision for appeal of all sentences

South Africa
Constitutional Court; Supreme Court of Appeals; High
Courts; Magistrate Courts

Spain
Supreme Court or Tribunal Supremo

Sri Lanka
Supreme Court; Court of Appeals; judges for both courts
are appointed by the president

Sudan
Constitutional Court of nine justices; National Supreme Court;
National Courts of Appeal; other national courts; National Judicial
Service Commission will undertake overall management of the National
Judiciary

Suriname
Cantonal Courts and a Court of Justice as an appellate
court (justices are nominated for life)

Swaziland
High Court; Court of Appeal; judges for both courts are
appointed by the monarch

Sweden
Supreme Court or Hogsta Domstolen (judges are appointed by
the prime minister and the cabinet)

Switzerland
Federal Supreme Court (judges elected for six-year terms
by the Federal Assembly)

Syria
Supreme Judicial Council (appoints and dismisses judges;
headed by the President); national level - Supreme Constitutional
Court (adjudicates electoral disputes and rules on constitutionality
of laws and decrees; justices appointed for four-year terms by the
President); Court of Cassation; Appeals Courts (Appeals Courts
represent an intermediate level between the Court of Cassation and
local level courts); local level - Magistrate Courts; Courts of
First Instance; Juvenile Courts; Customs Courts; specialized courts
- Economic Security Courts (hear cases related to economic crimes);
Supreme State Security Court (hear cases related to national
security); Personal Status Courts (religious; hear cases related to
marriage and divorce)

Taiwan
Judicial Yuan (justices appointed by the president with
consent of the Legislative Yuan)

Tajikistan
Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the president)

Tanzania
Permanent Commission of Enquiry (official ombudsman); Court
of Appeal (consists of a chief justice and four judges); High Court
(consists of a Jaji Kiongozi and 29 judges appointed by the
president; holds regular sessions in all regions); District Courts;
Primary Courts (limited jurisdiction and appeals can be made to the
higher courts)

Thailand
Supreme Court or Sandika (judges appointed by the monarch)

Togo
Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; Supreme Court or Cour Supreme

Tokelau
Supreme Court in New Zealand exercises civil and criminal
jurisdiction in Tokelau

Tonga
Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the monarch); Court of
Appeal (Chief Justice and high court justices from overseas chosen
and approved by Privy Council)

Trinidad and Tobago
Supreme Court of Judicature (comprised of the
High Court of Justice and the Court of Appeals; the chief justice is
appointed by the president after consultation with the prime
minister and the leader of the opposition; other justices are
appointed by the president on the advice of the Judicial and Legal
Service Commission); High Court of Justice; Caribbean Court of
Appeals member; Court of Appeals; the highest court of appeal is the
Privy Council in London

Tunisia
Court of Cassation or Cour de Cassation

Turkey
Constitutional Court; High Court of Appeals (Yargitay);
Council of State (Danistay); Court of Accounts (Sayistay); Military
High Court of Appeals; Military High Administrative Court

Turkmenistan
Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the president)

Turks and Caicos Islands
Supreme Court; Court of Appeal

Tuvalu
High Court (a chief justice visits twice a year to preside
over its sessions; its rulings can be appealed to the Court of
Appeal in Fiji); eight Island Courts (with limited jurisdiction)

Uganda
Court of Appeal (judges are appointed by the president and
approved by the legislature); High Court (judges are appointed by
the president)

Ukraine
Supreme Court; Constitutional Court

United Arab Emirates
Union Supreme Court (judges are appointed by
the president)

United Kingdom
House of Lords (highest court of appeal; several
Lords of Appeal in Ordinary are appointed by the monarch for life);
Supreme Courts of England, Wales, and Northern Ireland (comprising
the Courts of Appeal, the High Courts of Justice, and the Crown
Courts); Scotland's Court of Session and Court of the Justiciary

United States
Supreme Court (nine justices; nominated by the
president and confirmed with the advice and consent of the Senate;
appointed to serve for life); United States Courts of Appeal; United
States District Courts; State and County Courts

Uruguay
Supreme Court (judges are nominated by the president and
elected for 10-year terms by the General Assembly)

Uzbekistan
Supreme Court (judges are nominated by the president and
confirmed by the Supreme Assembly)

Vanuatu
Supreme Court (chief justice is appointed by the president
after consultation with the prime minister and the leader of the
opposition, three other justices are appointed by the president on
the advice of the Judicial Service Commission)

Venezuela
Supreme Tribunal of Justice or Tribuna Suprema de Justicia
(magistrates are elected by the National Assembly for a single
12-year term)

Vietnam
Supreme People's Court (chief justice is elected for a
five-year term by the National Assembly on the recommendation of the
president)

Virgin Islands
US District Court of the Virgin Islands (under Third
Circuit jurisdiction); Superior Court of the Virgin Islands (judges
appointed by the governor for 10-year terms)

Wallis and Futuna
none; justice generally administered under French
law by the high administrator, but the three traditional kings
administer customary law and there is a magistrate in Mata-Utu

Yemen
Supreme Court

Zambia
Supreme Court (the final court of appeal; justices are
appointed by the president); High Court (has unlimited jurisdiction
to hear civil and criminal cases)

Zimbabwe
Supreme Court; High Court

This page was last updated on 8 February, 2007

======================================================================

@2095 Labor force

Afghanistan
15 million (2004 est.)

Albania
1.09 million (not including 352,000 emigrant workers) (2004
est.)

Algeria
9.31 million (2006 est.)

American Samoa
17,630 (2005)

Andorra
48,740 (2004)

Angola
6.393 million (2006 est.)

Anguilla
6,049 (2001)

Antigua and Barbuda
30,000

Argentina
15.35 million (2006 est.)

Armenia
1.2 million (2005)

Aruba
41,500 (2004 est.)

Australia
10.66 million (2006 est.)

Austria
3.52 million (2006 est.)

Azerbaijan
5.191 million (2006 est.)

Bahamas, The
176,300 (2004)

Bahrain
352,000
note: 44% of the population in the 15-64 age group is non-national
(2006 est.)

Bangladesh
68 million
note: extensive export of labor to Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, UAE, Oman,
Qatar, and Malaysia; workers' remittances estimated at $1.71 billion
in 1998-99 (2006 est.)

Barbados
128,500 (2001 est.)

Belarus
4.3 million (31 December 2005)

Belgium
4.89 million (2006 est.)

Belize
90,000
note: shortage of skilled labor and all types of technical personnel
(2001 est.)

Benin
3.211 million (1996)

Bermuda
38,360 (2004)

Bhutan
NA
note: major shortage of skilled labor

Bolivia
4.3 million (2006 est.)

Bosnia and Herzegovina
1.026 million (2001)

Botswana
288,400 formal sector employees (2004)

Brazil
96.34 million (2006 est.)

British Virgin Islands
12,770 (2004)

Brunei
146,300
note: includes foreign workers and military personnel; temporary
residents make up about 40% of labor force (2003 est.)

Bulgaria
3.45 million (2006 est.)

Burkina Faso
5 million
note: a large part of the male labor force migrates annually to
neighboring countries for seasonal employment (2003)

Burma
28.49 million (2006 est.)

Burundi
2.99 million (2002)

Cambodia
7 million (2003 est.)

Cameroon
6.394 million (2006 est.)

Canada
17.59 million (2006 est.)

Cape Verde
120,600 (1990)

Cayman Islands
23,450 (2004)

Central African Republic
NA

Chad
2.719 million (1993)

Chile
6.94 million (2006 est.)

China
798 million (2006 est.)

Christmas Island
NA

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
NA

Colombia
20.81 million (2006 est.)

Comoros
144,500 (1996 est.)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
14.51 million (1993 est.)

Congo, Republic of the
NA

Cook Islands
6,820 (2001)

Costa Rica
1.866 million (2006 est.)

Cote d'Ivoire
6.738 million (68% agricultural) (2006 est.)

Croatia
1.72 million (2006 est.)

Cuba
4.82 million
note: state sector 78%, non-state sector 22% (2006 est.)

Cyprus
Republic of Cyprus: 380,000, north Cyprus: 95,025 (2006 est.)

Czech Republic
5.31 million (2006 est.)

Denmark
2.91 million (2006 est.)

Djibouti
282,000 (2000)

Dominica
25,000 (1999 est.)

Dominican Republic
3.896 million (2006 est.)

East Timor
NA

Ecuador
4.57 million (urban) (2006 est.)

Egypt
21.8 million (2006 est.)

El Salvador
2.856 million (2006 est.)

Equatorial Guinea
NA

Eritrea
NA

Estonia
673,000 (2006 est.)

Ethiopia
27.27 million (1999)

European Union
221.5 million (2005 est.)

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
1,724 (est.) (1996)

Faroe Islands
24,250 (October 2000)

Fiji
137,000 (1999)

Finland
2.62 million (2006 est.)

France
27.88 million (2006 est.)

French Polynesia
65,870 (December 2005)

Gabon
581,000 (2006 est.)

Gambia, The
400,000 (1996)

Gaza Strip
259,000 (2005)

Georgia
2.04 million (2004 est.)

Germany
43.66 million (2006 est.)

Ghana
10.87 million (2006 est.)

Gibraltar
12,690 (including non-Gibraltar laborers) (2001)

Greece
4.88 million (2006 est.)

Greenland
24,500 (1999 est.)

Grenada
42,300 (1996)

Guam
62,050 (2002 est.)

Guatemala
3.85 million (2006 est.)

Guernsey
31,470 (March 2006)

Guinea
3 million (1999)

Guinea-Bissau
480,000 (1999)

Guyana
418,000 (2001 est.)

Haiti
3.6 million
note: shortage of skilled labor, unskilled labor abundant (1995)

Holy See (Vatican City)
NA

Honduras
2.589 million (2006 est.)

Hong Kong
3.63 million (2006 est.)

Hungary
4.2 million (2006 est.)

Iceland
173,000 (2006 est.)

India
509.3 million (2006 est.)

Indonesia
108.2 million (2006 est.)

Iran
24.36 million
note: shortage of skilled labor (2006 est.)

Iraq
7.4 million (2004 est.)

Ireland
2.12 million (2006 est.)

Isle of Man
39,690 (2001)

Israel
2.6 million (2006 est.)

Italy
24.63 million (2006 est.)

Jamaica
1.197 million (2006 est.)

Japan
66.44 million (2006 est.)

Jersey
52,790 (2004)

Jordan
1.512 million (2006 est.)

Kazakhstan
7.834 million (2006 est.)

Kenya
1.955 million (2006 est.)

Kiribati
7,870 economically active, not including subsistence
farmers (2001 est.)

Korea, North
9.6 million

Korea, South
23.88 million (2006 est.)

Kuwait
1.136 million
note: non-Kuwaitis represent about 80% of the labor force (2006 est.)

Kyrgyzstan
2.7 million (2000)

Laos
2.8 million (2002 est.)

Latvia
1.136 million (2006 est.)

Lebanon
1.5 million
note: in addition, there are as many as 1 million foreign workers
(2005 est.)

Lesotho
838,000 (2000)

Libya
1.787 million (2006 est.)

Liechtenstein
29,500 of whom 13,900 commute from Austria,
Switzerland, and Germany to work each day (31 December 2001)

Lithuania
1.617 million (2006 est.)

Luxembourg
203,000 of whom 121,600 are foreign cross-border workers
commuting primarily from France, Belgium, and Germany (2006 est.)

Macau
248,000 (2005)

Macedonia
880,000 (2006 est.)

Madagascar
7.3 million (2000)

Malawi
4.5 million (2001 est.)

Malaysia
10.73 million (2006 est.)

Maldives
88,000 (2000)

Mali
3.93 million (2001 est.)

Malta
160,000 (2005 est.)

Marshall Islands
14,680 (2000)

Mauritania
786,000 (2001)

Mauritius
555,000 (2006 est.)

Mayotte
44,560 (2002)

Mexico
38.09 million (2006 est.)

Micronesia, Federated States of
37,410 (2000)

Moldova
1.339 million (2006 est.)

Monaco
41,110
note: includes workers from all foreign countries (2004)

Mongolia
1.488 million (2003)

Montenegro
259,100 (2004)

Montserrat
4,521
note: lowered by flight of people from volcanic activity (2000 est.)

Morocco
11.25 million (2006 est.)

Mozambique
9.4 million (2006 est.)

Namibia
653,000 (2006 est.)

Nepal
10.4 million
note: severe lack of skilled labor (2004 est.)

Netherlands
7.6 million (2006 est.)

Netherlands Antilles
83,600 (2005)

New Caledonia
78,990 (including 11,300 unemployed) (2004)

New Zealand
2.18 million (2006 est.)

Nicaragua
2.261 million (2006 est.)

Niger
70,000 salaried workers, 60% of whom are employed in the
public sector (2002 est.)

Nigeria
48.99 million (2006 est.)

Niue
663 (2001)

Norfolk Island
1,345

Northern Mariana Islands
44,470 total indigenous labor force; 2,699
unemployed; 28,717 foreign workers (2000)

Norway
2.42 million (2006 est.)

Oman
920,000 (2002 est.)

Pakistan
48.29 million
note: extensive export of labor, mostly to the Middle East, and use
of child labor (2006 est.)

Palau
9,777 (2005)

Panama
1.441 million
note: shortage of skilled labor, but an oversupply of unskilled
labor (2006 est.)

Papua New Guinea
3.477 million (2006 est.)

Paraguay
2.742 million (2006 est.)

Peru
9.21 million (2006 est.)

Philippines
36.65 million (2006 est.)

Pitcairn Islands
15 able-bodied men (2004)

Poland
17.26 million (2006 est.)

Portugal
5.57 million (2006 est.)

Puerto Rico
1.3 million (2000)

Qatar
508,000 (2006 est.)

Romania
9.33 million (2006 est.)

Russia
73.88 million (2006 est.)

Rwanda
4.6 million (2000)

Saint Helena
2,486
note: 1,200 work offshore (1998 est.)

Saint Kitts and Nevis
18,170 (June 1995)

Saint Lucia
43,800 (2001 est.)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
3,261 (1999)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
41,680 (1991 est.)

Samoa
90,000 (2000 est.)

San Marino
19,970 (2003)

Sao Tome and Principe
35,050 (1991)

Saudi Arabia
7.125 million
note: more than 35% of the population in the 15-64 age group is
non-national (2006 est.)

Senegal
4.749 million (2006 est.)

Serbia
2.961 million for Serbia (including Kosovo) (2002 est.)

Seychelles
30,900 (1996)

Sierra Leone
1.369 million (1981 est.)

Singapore
2.4 million (2006 est.)

Slovakia
2.629 million (2006 est.)

Slovenia
914,000 (2006 est.)

Solomon Islands
249,200 (1999)

Somalia
3.7 million (very few skilled laborers)

South Africa
16.09 million economically active (2006 est.)

Spain
21.77 million (2006 est.)

Sri Lanka
8.214 million (2006 est.)

Sudan
7.415 million (1996 est.)

Suriname
156,700 (2004)

Svalbard
NA

Swaziland
155,700 (2003)

Sweden
4.59 million (2006 est.)

Switzerland
3.81 million (2006 est.)

Syria
5.505 million (2006 est.)

Taiwan
10.46 million (2006 est.)

Tajikistan
3.7 million (2003)

Tanzania
19.35 million (2006 est.)

Thailand
36.41 million (2006 est.)

Togo
1.302 million (1998)

Tokelau
440 (2001)

Tonga
33,910 (2003)

Trinidad and Tobago
618,000 (2006 est.)

Tunisia
3.502 million
note: shortage of skilled labor (2006 est.)

Turkey
24.8 million
note: about 1.2 million Turks work abroad (2006 est.)

Turkmenistan
2.32 million (2003 est.)

Turks and Caicos Islands
4,848 (1990 est.)

Tuvalu
3,615 (2004 est.)

Uganda
13.76 million (2006 est.)

Ukraine
21.69 million (2006 est.)

United Arab Emirates
2.968 million (2006 est.)

United Kingdom
30.4 million (2006 est.)

United States
151.4 million (includes unemployed) (2006)

Uruguay
1.27 million (2006 est.)

Uzbekistan
14.44 million (2006 est.)

Vanuatu
76,410 (1999)

Venezuela
12.5 million (November 2006 est.)

Vietnam
44.58 million (2006 est.)

Virgin Islands
43,980 (2004 est.)

Wallis and Futuna
3,104 (2003)

West Bank
568,000 (2005)

Western Sahara
12,000

World
3.001 billion (2005 est.)

Yemen
5.759 million (2006 est.)

Zambia
4.903 million (2006 est.)

Zimbabwe
3.958 million (2006 est.)

This page was last updated on 8 February, 2007

======================================================================

@2096 Land boundaries (km)

Afghanistan
total: 5,529 km
border countries: China 76 km, Iran 936 km, Pakistan 2,430 km,
Tajikistan 1,206 km, Turkmenistan 744 km, Uzbekistan 137 km

Akrotiri
total: 47.4 km
border countries: Cyprus 47.4 km

Albania
total: 720 km
border countries: Greece 282 km, Macedonia 151 km, Montenegro 172
km, Serbia 115 km

Algeria
total: 6,343 km
border countries: Libya 982 km, Mali 1,376 km, Mauritania 463 km,
Morocco 1,559 km, Niger 956 km, Tunisia 965 km, Western Sahara 42 km

American Samoa
0 km

Andorra
total: 120.3 km
border countries: France 56.6 km, Spain 63.7 km

Angola
total: 5,198 km
border countries: Democratic Republic of the Congo 2,511 km (of
which 225 km is the boundary of discontiguous Cabinda Province),
Republic of the Congo 201 km, Namibia 1,376 km, Zambia 1,110 km

Anguilla
0 km

Antarctica
0 km
note: see entry on Disputes - international

Antigua and Barbuda
0 km

Argentina
total: 9,861 km
border countries: Bolivia 832 km, Brazil 1,261 km, Chile 5,308 km,
Paraguay 1,880 km, Uruguay 580 km

Armenia
total: 1,254 km
border countries: Azerbaijan-proper 566 km, Azerbaijan-Naxcivan
exclave 221 km, Georgia 164 km, Iran 35 km, Turkey 268 km

Aruba
0 km

Ashmore and Cartier Islands
0 km

Australia
0 km

Austria
total: 2,562 km
border countries: Czech Republic 362 km, Germany 784 km, Hungary 366
km, Italy 430 km, Liechtenstein 35 km, Slovakia 91 km, Slovenia 330
km, Switzerland 164 km

Azerbaijan
total: 2,013 km
border countries: Armenia (with Azerbaijan-proper) 566 km, Armenia
(with Azerbaijan-Naxcivan exclave) 221 km, Georgia 322 km, Iran
(with Azerbaijan-proper) 432 km, Iran (with Azerbaijan-Naxcivan
exclave) 179 km, Russia 284 km, Turkey 9 km

Bahamas, The
0 km

Bahrain
0 km

Baker Island
0 km

Bangladesh
total: 4,246 km
border countries: Burma 193 km, India 4,053 km

Barbados
0 km

Bassas da India
0 km

Belarus
total: 2,900 km
border countries: Latvia 141 km, Lithuania 502 km, Poland 407 km,
Russia 959 km, Ukraine 891 km

Belgium
total: 1,385 km
border countries: France 620 km, Germany 167 km, Luxembourg 148 km,
Netherlands 450 km

Belize
total: 516 km
border countries: Guatemala 266 km, Mexico 250 km

Benin
total: 1,989 km
border countries: Burkina Faso 306 km, Niger 266 km, Nigeria 773 km,
Togo 644 km

Bermuda
0 km

Bhutan
total: 1,075 km
border countries: China 470 km, India 605 km

Bolivia
total: 6,940 km
border countries: Argentina 832 km, Brazil 3,423 km, Chile 860 km,
Paraguay 750 km, Peru 1,075 km

Bosnia and Herzegovina
total: 1,459 km
border countries: Croatia 932 km, Montenegro 225 km, Serbia 302 km

Botswana
total: 4,013 km
border countries: Namibia 1,360 km, South Africa 1,840 km, Zimbabwe
813 km

Bouvet Island
0 km

Brazil
total: 16,885 km
border countries: Argentina 1,261 km, Bolivia 3,423 km, Colombia
1,644 km, French Guiana 730.4 km, Guyana 1,606 km, Paraguay 1,365
km, Peru 2,995 km, Suriname 593 km, Uruguay 1,068 km, Venezuela
2,200 km

British Indian Ocean Territory
0 km

British Virgin Islands
0 km

Brunei
total: 381 km
border countries: Malaysia 381 km

Bulgaria
total: 1,808 km
border countries: Greece 494 km, Macedonia 148 km, Romania 608 km,
Serbia 318 km, Turkey 240 km

Burkina Faso
total: 3,193 km
border countries: Benin 306 km, Cote d'Ivoire 584 km, Ghana 549 km,
Mali 1,000 km, Niger 628 km, Togo 126 km

Burma
total: 5,876 km
border countries: Bangladesh 193 km, China 2,185 km, India 1,463 km,
Laos 235 km, Thailand 1,800 km

Burundi
total: 974 km
border countries: Democratic Republic of the Congo 233 km, Rwanda
290 km, Tanzania 451 km

Cambodia
total: 2,572 km
border countries: Laos 541 km, Thailand 803 km, Vietnam 1,228 km

Cameroon
total: 4,591 km
border countries: Central African Republic 797 km, Chad 1,094 km,
Republic of the Congo 523 km, Equatorial Guinea 189 km, Gabon 298
km, Nigeria 1,690 km

Canada
total: 8,893 km
border countries: US 8,893 km (includes 2,477 km with Alaska)

Cape Verde
0 km

Cayman Islands
0 km

Central African Republic
total: 5,203 km
border countries: Cameroon 797 km, Chad 1,197 km, Democratic
Republic of the Congo 1,577 km, Republic of the Congo 467 km, Sudan
1,165 km

Chad
total: 5,968 km
border countries: Cameroon 1,094 km, Central African Republic 1,197
km, Libya 1,055 km, Niger 1,175 km, Nigeria 87 km, Sudan 1,360 km

Chile
total: 6,339 km
border countries: Argentina 5,308 km, Bolivia 860 km, Peru 171 km

China
total: 22,117 km
border countries: Afghanistan 76 km, Bhutan 470 km, Burma 2,185 km,
India 3,380 km, Kazakhstan 1,533 km, North Korea 1,416 km,
Kyrgyzstan 858 km, Laos 423 km, Mongolia 4,677 km, Nepal 1,236 km,
Pakistan 523 km, Russia (northeast) 3,605 km, Russia (northwest) 40
km, Tajikistan 414 km, Vietnam 1,281 km
regional borders: Hong Kong 30 km, Macau 0.34 km

Christmas Island
0 km

Clipperton Island
0 km

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
0 km

Colombia
total: 6,309 km
border countries: Brazil 1,644 km, Ecuador 590 km, Panama 225 km,
Peru 1,800 km, Venezuela 2,050 km

Comoros
0 km

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
total: 10,730 km
border countries: Angola 2,511 km (of which 225 km is the boundary
of Angola's discontiguous Cabinda Province), Burundi 233 km, Central
African Republic 1,577 km, Republic of the Congo 2,410 km, Rwanda
217 km, Sudan 628 km, Tanzania 459 km, Uganda 765 km, Zambia 1,930 km

Congo, Republic of the
total: 5,504 km
border countries: Angola 201 km, Cameroon 523 km, Central African
Republic 467 km, Democratic Republic of the Congo 2,410 km, Gabon
1,903 km

Cook Islands
0 km

Coral Sea Islands
0 km

Costa Rica
total: 639 km
border countries: Nicaragua 309 km, Panama 330 km

Cote d'Ivoire
total: 3,110 km
border countries: Burkina Faso 584 km, Ghana 668 km, Guinea 610 km,
Liberia 716 km, Mali 532 km

Croatia
total: 2,197 km
border countries: Bosnia and Herzegovina 932 km, Hungary 329 km,
Serbia 241 km, Montenegro 25 km, Slovenia 670 km

Cuba
total: 29 km
border countries: US Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay 29 km
note: Guantanamo Naval Base is leased by the US and remains part of
Cuba

Cyprus
total: NA; note - boundary with Dhekelia is being resurveyed
border countries: Akrotiri 47.4 km, Dhekelia NA

Czech Republic
total: 2,290.2 km
border countries: Austria 466.3 km, Germany 810.3 km, Poland 761.8
km, Slovakia 251.8 km

Denmark
total: 68 km
border countries: Germany 68 km

Dhekelia
total: NA; note - boundary with Cyprus is being resurveyed

Djibouti
total: 516 km
border countries: Eritrea 109 km, Ethiopia 349 km, Somalia 58 km

Dominica
0 km

Dominican Republic
total: 360 km
border countries: Haiti 360 km

East Timor
total: 228 km
border countries: Indonesia 228 km

Ecuador
total: 2,010 km
border countries: Colombia 590 km, Peru 1,420 km

Egypt
total: 2,665 km
border countries: Gaza Strip 11 km, Israel 266 km, Libya 1,115 km,
Sudan 1,273 km

El Salvador
total: 545 km
border countries: Guatemala 203 km, Honduras 342 km

Equatorial Guinea
total: 539 km
border countries: Cameroon 189 km, Gabon 350 km

Eritrea
total: 1,626 km
border countries: Djibouti 109 km, Ethiopia 912 km, Sudan 605 km

Estonia
total: 633 km
border countries: Latvia 339 km, Russia 294 km

Ethiopia
total: 5,328 km
border countries: Djibouti 349 km, Eritrea 912 km, Kenya 861 km,
Somalia 1,600 km, Sudan 1,606 km

Europa Island
0 km

European Union
total: 12,440.8 km
border countries: Albania 282 km, Andorra 120.3 km, Belarus 1,050
km, Croatia 999 km, Holy See 3.2 km, Liechtenstein 34.9 km,
Macedonia 394 km, Moldova 450 km, Monaco 4.4 km, Norway 2,348 km,
Russia 2,257 km, San Marino 39 km, Serbia 945 km, Switzerland 1,811
km, Turkey 446 km, Ukraine 1,257 km
note: data for European Continent only

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
0 km

Faroe Islands
0 km

Fiji
0 km

Finland
total: 2,681 km
border countries: Norway 727 km, Sweden 614 km, Russia 1,340 km