Chapter XLII: Appendix: C (2)

Comme je vous l’ai dit, je serai de dix a onze heures à Fleurus. Envoyez-moi des rapports sur tout ce que vous apprendrez. Veillez à ce que la route de Fleurus soit libre. Toutes les données que j’ai sont que les Prussiennes ne peuvent point nous opposer plus de 40,000 hommes.

NAPOLÉON.

D’après la copie. Dépôt de la guerre.

XXV.

THE 2 P.M.—June 16th—ORDER TO NEY.

Doc. Inéd., p. 40.

A M. LE MARÉCHAL

PRINCE DE LA MOSKOWA.

En avant de Fleurus,
le 16 juin à 2 heures.

Monsieur le Maréchal, l’empereur me charge de vous prévenir que l’ennemi a réuni un corps de troupes entre Sombref et Bry, et qu’à deux heures et demie M. le maréchal Grouchy, avec les troisième et quatrième corps, l’attaquera; l’intention de Sa Majesté est que vous attaquiez aussi ce qui est devant vous, et qu’après l’avoir vigoureusement poussé, vous rabattiez sur nous pour concourir à envelopper le corps dont je viens de vous parler.

Si ce corps était enfoncé auparavant, alors Sa Majesté ferait manœuvrer dans votre direction pour hâter également vos opérations.

Instruisez de suite l’empereur de vos dispositions et de ce qui se passe sur votre front.

Le maréchal d’empire, major général,

Duc de Dalmatie.

Au dos de cet ordre est écrit:
A M. le Maréchal Prince de la Moskowa,
A Gosselies, sur la route de Bruxelles.

Et au crayon: Wagnée
Bois de Lombuc.

Un duplicata de cet ordre porte
A M. le Maréchal Prince de la Moskowa,
A Gosselies, sur la route de Bruxelles.

Wagnée.
Ransart.

XXVI.

THE 3.15 P.M.—June 16th—ORDER TO NEY.

Doc. Inéd., p. 42.

Monsieur le Maréchal, je vous ai écrit, il y a une heure, que l’empereur ferait attaquer l’ennemi à deux heures et demie dans la position qu’il a prise entre le village de Saint-Amand et de Bry: en ce moment l’engagement est très prononcé; Sa Majesté me charge de vous dire que vous devez manœuvrer sur-le-champ de manière à envelopper la droite de l’ennemi et tomber à bras raccourcis sur ses derrières; cette armée est perdue si vous agissez vigoureusement; le sort de la France est entre vos mains. Ainsi n’hésitez pas un instant pour faire le mouvement que l’empereur vous ordonne, et dirigez vous sur les hauteurs de Bry et de Saint-Amand, pour concourir à une victoire peut-être décisive. L’ennemi est pris en flagrant délit au moment où il cherche à se réunir aux Anglais.

Le major général,

Duc de Dalmatie.

En avant de Fleurus, le 16 juin 1815, à 3 heures un quart.

XXVII.

SOULT’S LETTER TO NEY: June 17, 1815.

Doc. Inéd., p. 45.

A M. LE MARÉCHAL

PRINCE DE LA MOSKOWA.

Flerus, le 15 [17] juin 1815.

Monsieur le Maréchal, le général Flahaut, qui arrive à l’instant, fait connaître que vous êtes dans l’incertitude sur les résultats de la journée d’hier. Je crois cependant vous avoir prévenu de la victoire que l’empereur a remportée. L’armée prussienne a été mise en déroute, le général Pajol est à sa poursuite sur les routes de Namur et de Liége. Nous avons déjà plusieurs milliers de prisonniers et 30 piéces de canon. Nos troupes se sont bien conduites: une charge de six bataillons de la garde, des escadrons de service et la division de cavalerie du général Delort a percé la ligne ennemie, porté le plus grand désordre dans ses rangs et enlevé la position.

L’empereur se rend au moulin de Bry où passe la grande route qui conduit de Namur aux Quatre-Bras; il n’est donc pas possible que l’armée anglaise puisse agir devant vous; si cela était, l’empereur marcherait directement sur elle par la route des Quatre-Bras, tandis que vous l’attaqueriez de front avec vos divisions qui, à présent, doivent être réunies, et cette armée serait dans un instant détruit. Ainsi, instruisez Sa Majesté de la position exacte des divisions, et de tout ce qui se passe devant vous.

L’empereur a vu avec peine que vous n’ayez pas réuni hier les divisions; elles out agi isolément; ainsi, vous avez éprouvé des pertes.

Si les corps des comtes d’Erlon et Reille avaient été ensemble, il ne réchappait pas un Anglais du corps qui venait vous attaquer. Si le comte d’Erlon avait exécuté le mouvement sur St. Amand que l’empereur a ordonné, l’armée prussienne était totalement détruite, et nous aurions fait peut-être 30,000 prisonniers.

Les corps des généraux Gérard, Vandamme et la garde impériale ont toujours été réunis; l’on s’expose à des revers lorsque des détachements sont compromis.

L’empereur espère et désire que vos sept divisions d’infanterie et la cavalerie soient bien réunies et formées, et qu’ensemble elles n’occupent pas une lieue de terrain, pour les avoir bien dans votre main et les employer au besoin.

L’intention de Sa Majesté est que vous preniez position aux Quatre-Bras ainsi que l’ordre vous en a été donné; mais si, par impossible, cela ne peut avoir lieu, rendez-en compte sur-le-champ avec détail, et l’empereur s’y portera ainsi que je vous l’ai dit; si, au contraire, il n’y a qu’une arrière-garde, attaquez-la, et prenez position.

La journée d’aujourd’hui est nécessaire pour terminer cette opération, et pour compléter les munitions, rallier les militaires isolés et faire rentrer les détachements. Donnez des ordres en consequence, et assurez-vous que tous les blessés sont pansés et transportés sur les derrières: l’on s’est plaint que les ambulances n’avaient pas fait leur devoir.

La fameux partisan Lutzow, qui a été pris, disait que l’armée prussienne était perdue, et que Blücher avait exposé une seconde fois la monarchie prussienne.

Le maréchal d’empire, major général,
Duc de DALMATIE.

XXVIII.

SOULT’S ORDER TO NEY: 12 M., June 17, 1815.

Doc. Inéd., p. 44.

A M. LE MARÉCHAL

PRINCE DE LA MOSKOWA.

[851]4e corps d’armée [_sic_], à Gosselies.

En avant de Ligny, le 17 à midi.

Monsieur le Maréchal, l’empereur vient de faire prendre position, en avant de Marbais, à un corps d’infanterie et à la garde impériale; S. M. me charge de vous dire que son intention est que vous attaquiez les ennemis aux Quatre-Bras, pour les chasser de leur position, et que le corps qui est à Marbais secondera vos opérations; S. M. va se rendre à Marbais, et elle attend vos rapports avec impatience.

Le maréchal d’empire, major général,
Duc de Dalmatie.

XXIX.

CAPTAIN BOWLES’ STORY OF WELLINGTON AT QUATRE BRAS: June 17, 1815.

Captain Bowles in Lord Malmesbury’s Letters, vol. 2, p. 447.

“On the morning of the 17th, my company being nearly in front of the farmhouse at Quatre-Bras, soon after daybreak the Duke of Wellington came to me, and, being personally known to him, he remained in conversation for an hour or more, during which time he repeatedly said he was surprised to have heard nothing of Blücher. At length a staff-officer arrived, his horse covered with foam, and whispered to the Duke, who without the least change of countenance gave him some orders and dismissed him. He then turned round to me and said, ‘Old Blücher has had a d—--d good licking and gone back to Wavre, eighteen miles. As he has gone back, we must go too. I suppose in England they will say we have been licked. I can’t help it; as they are gone back, we must go too.’

He made all the arrangements for retiring without moving from the spot on which he was standing, and it certainly did not occupy him five minutes.”

XXX.

GROUCHY’S REPORT TO NAPOLEON FROM SART-À-WALHAIN: 11 A.M., June 18, 1815.

Grouchy Mém. vol. 4, p. 71.

Sart-à-Walhain le 18 juin, onze heures du matin.

Sire:

Je ne perds pas un moment à vous transmettre les renseignements que je recueille ici; je les regarde comme positifs, et afin que Votre Majesté les reçoive le plus promptement possible, je les lui expédie par le major La Fresnaye, son ancien page; il est bien monté et bon écuyer.

Les 1er, 2e et 3e corps de Blücher marchent dans la direction de Bruxelles. Deux de ces corps out passé à Sart-à-Walhain, ou à peu de distance, sur la droite; ils ont défilé en trois colonnes, marchant à peu près de même hauteur. Leur passage a duré six heures sans interruption. Ce qui a défilé en vue de Sart-à-Walhain peut-être évalué à trente mille hommes au moins, et avait un matériel de cinquante à soixante bouches à feu.

Un corps venant de Liége a effectué sa jonction avec ceux qui out combattu à Fleurus. (Ci-joint une réquisition qui le prouve.) Quelques-uns des Prussiens que j’ai devant moi se dirigent vers la plaine de la Chyse, située près de la route de Louvain, et à deux lieues et demie de cette ville.

Il semblerait que ce serait à dessein de s’y masser ou de combattre les troupes qui les y poursuivraient, ou enfin de se réunir à Wellington, projet annoncé par leurs officiers, qui, avec leur jactance ordinaire, prétendent n’avoir quitté le champ de bataille, le 16, qu’afin d’opérer leur réunion avec l’armée anglaise sur Bruxelles.

Ce soir, je vais être massé à Wavres, et me trouver ainsi entre Wellington, que je présume en retraite devant Votre Majesté, et l’armée prussienne.

J’ai besoin d’instructions ultérieures sur ce que Votre Majesté ordonne que je fasse. Le pays entre Wavres et la plaine de la Chyse est difficile, coupé, et marécageux.

Par la route de Wivorde, j’arriverai facilement à Bruxelles avant tout ce qui sera arreté à la Chyse, si tant il y a que les Prussiens y fassent une halte.

Daignez, Sire, me transmettre vos ordres; je puis les recevoir avant de commencer mon mouvement de demain.

La plupart des renseignements que renferme cette lettre me sont fournis par la propriétaire de la maison où je me suis arreté pour écrire à Votre Majesté; cet officier a servi dans l’armée française, est décoré, et parait entièrement dévoué à nos intérêts. Je les joins à ces lignes.

XXXI.

GENERAL ORDER OF PREPARATION FOR THE BATTLE OF WATERLOO: June 18, 1815.

Doc. Inéd. p. 52.

A M. LE MARÉCHAL PRINCE DE LA MOSKOWA.

L’empereur ordonne que l’armée soit disposée à attaquer l’ennemi à 9 heures du matin; MM. les commandants des corps d’armée rallieront leurs troupes, feront mettre les armes en état, et permettront que les soldats fassent la soupe; ils feront aussi manger les soldats; afin qu’à 9 heures précises chacun soit prêt et puisse être en bataille avec son artillerie et ambulances, à la position de bataille que l’empereur a indiquée par son ordre d’hier soir.

MM. les lieutenants-generaux, commandant les corps d’armée d’infanterie et de cavalerie, enverront sur-le-champ des officiers au major-général pour faire connaître leur position et porter des ordres.

Au quartier-général imperial,

le 18 juin 1815.

Le maréchal d’empire, major-général,

Duc de Dalmatie.

XXXII.

ORDER FOR THE ATTACK TO BEGIN AT 1 P.M., June 18, 1815.

Doc. Inéd. p. 53.

Une fois que toute l’armée sera rangée en bataille, à peu près à 1 heure après midi, au moment où l’empereur en donnera l’ordre au Maréchal Ney, l’attaque commencera pour s’emparer du village de Mont St. Jean où est l’intersection des routes. A cet effet, les batteries de 12 du 2me corps et celle du 6me se réuniront à celle du 1er corps. Ces 24 bouches à feu tireront sur les troupes du Mont St. Jean, et le comte d’Erlon commencera l’attaque, en portant en avant sa division de gauche et la soutenant, suivant les circonstances, par les divisions du 1er corps.

Le 2e corps s’avancera à mesure pour garder la hauteur du comte d’Erlon.

Les compagnies de sapeurs du 1er corps seront prêtes pour se barricader sur-le-champ à Mont St. Jean.

Au crayon et de l’écriture du Maréchal Ney.

Ajouté par M. le Maréchal Ney.

Le comte d’Erlon comprendra que c’est par la gauche que l’attaque commencera, au lieu de la droite.

Communiquer cette nouvelle disposition au général en chef Reille.

AU DOS.

Ordres dictés par l’empereur, sur le champ de bataille du Mont St. Jean, le 18, vers onze heures du matin, et écrits par le maréchal Duc de Dalmatie, major général. Paris, le 21 juin 1815. Le Maréchal Prince de la Moskowa Pair de France,

Ney.

XXXIII.

THE 10 A.M.—JUNE 18th—ORDER TO GROUCHY.

Grouchy Mémoires, vol. 4, p. 79.

En avant de la ferme de Caillou, le 18 juin, 1815,
à dix heures du matin.

Monsieur le maréchal, l’Empereur a reçu votre dernier rapport, daté de Gembloux.

Vous ne parlez à Sa Majesté que de deux colonnes prussiennes qui ont passé à Sauvenière et à Sart-à-Walhain. Cependant des rapports disent qu’une troisième colonne, qui était assez forte, a passé par Géry et Gentines, se dirigeant sur Wavres.

L’Empereur me charge de vous prévenir qu’en ce moment Sa Majesté va faire attaquer l’armée anglaise, qui a pris position à Waterloo, près de la forêt de Soignes. Ainsi, Sa Majesté désire que vous dirigiez vos mouvements sur Wavres, afin de vous rapprocher de nous, vous mettre en rapport d’opérations et lier les communications, poussant devant vous les corps de l’armée prussienne qui ont pris cette direction et qui auraient pu s’arrêter à Wavres, où vous devez arriver le plus tôt possible.

Vous ferez suivre les colonnes ennemies, qui out pris sur votre droite, par quelques corps légers, afin d’observer leurs mouvements et ramasser leurs traînards. Instruisez-moi immédiatement de vos dispositions et de votre marche, ainsi que des nouvelles que vous avez sur les ennemis, et ne négligez pas de lier vos communications avec nous. L’Empereur désire avoir très-souvent de vos nouvelles.

Le maréchal duc de DALMATIE.

For translation, see _ante_ p. 265.

XXXIV.

THE 1 P.M.—JUNE 18th—ORDER TO GROUCHY.

La Tour d’Auvergne, p. 270.

Du champ de bataille de Waterloo, le 18 juin,
à une heure après midi.

Monsieur le Maréchal,

Vous avez écrit, ce matin à deux heures, à l’Empereur, que vous marcheriez sur Sart-lez-Walhain; donc votre projet était de vous porter à Corbais ou à Wavre. Ce mouvement est conforme aux dispositions de Sa Majesté, qui vous out été communiquées. Cependant, l’Empereur m’ordonne de vous dire que vous devez toujours manœuvrer dans notre direction. C’est à vous de voir le point où nous sommes pour vous régler en conséquence et pour lier nos communications, ainsi que pour être toujours en mesure de tomber sur les troupes ennemies qui chercheraient à inquiéter notre droite et de les écraser.

Dans ce moment, la bataille est engagée sur la ligne de Waterloo; le centre ennemi est à Mont-Saint-Jean; ainsi manœuvrez pour joindre notre droite.

P. S. Une lettre qui vient d’être interceptée porte que le général Bülow doit attaquer notre flanc. Nous croyons apercevoir ce corps sur les hauteurs de Saint-Lambert; ainsi, ne perdez pas un instant pour vous rapprocher de nous et nous joindre, et pour écraser Bülow, que vous prendrez en flagrant délit.

Le maréchal duc de DALMATIE.

For translation, see _ante_, p. 270.

FOOTNOTES:

[838] Captain George Bowles (Guards).

[839] The original instructions issued to Colonel De Lancey were lost with that officer’s papers. These memorandums of movements have been collected from the different officers to whom they were addressed.

[840] The italics are ours.

[841] The text cited is from the Supplementary Despatches; but it seems to us quite possible that the reading of this passage given in the Appendix to C. D. Yonge’s “Life of Wellington,”—London; Chapman & Hall, 1860,—is the correct one. It there reads as follows:—

“He was at Quatre Bras before twenty-four hours on the 16th,”—that is by 3 P.M., on the 16th,—which was the fact. There are other points where these versions differ, but this is the most important one. See _ante_, p. 90.

[842] Clausewitz.

[843] About 1 o’clock, at the Windmill of Bussy, between Ligny and Brie: so Hardinge told me.—J. G.

[844] _Cf._ Siborne, vol. 1, p. 102, n.; Gomm, p. 352; Waterloo Letters; Gomm, p. 23.

[845] The italics are ours.

[846] The 1st division did not arrive on the field until after 6 P.M. (_ante_, pp. 183, 184), and the cavalry, not at all.

[847] That of Bachelu.

[848] That of Foy.

[849] A village on the Brussels turnpike half a mile north of Quatre Bras.

[850] Those of Jerome and Girard. This shows that Ney expected that Girard’s division would be returned to him.

[851] This mention of the 4th Corps, Gérard’s, must be an error.

INDEX.

A.

Adam, General Sir Frederick, commander British brigade, 35;
his troops of the best quality, 315;
his light brigade at Waterloo, 323-324, 332, 333, 335, 336.

Albemarle, Earl of, his _Fifty Years of My Life_, reports story of
Napoleon’s secluding himself on forenoon of battle of
Waterloo, 30.

Alison, Sir Archibald, his _History of Europe_ criticised by
Wellington and the Earl of Ellesmere, 10;
not a military authority, 10;
his view that Napoleon intended to throw himself between the
allied armies, 10.

Allies. (See ARMIES.)

Allix, General, commander division 1st French corps, 25;
his division at Waterloo, commanded by Quiot, 302, 305.

Alten, Lieutenant-General Count, commander 3d British division, 38;
arrival of two of his brigades gives Wellington an equality of
force at Quatre Bras, 179, 183;
position at Waterloo, 300;
wounded, his division rallied by Wellington, 314.

Anglesea, Marquis of. (See UXBRIDGE.)

Anthing, commander brigade Dutch-Belgians, 36;
his brigade ordered to Enghien, 83, 89;
reported near Audenarde, at 7 A.M., June 16th, 108.

Appendices:—
A. On some Characteristics of Napoleon’s Memoirs, 351-354.
B. On Marshal Grouchy and the Bertrand Order, 355-361.
C. Orders and Despatches, 362-389.

Arentsschildt, Colonel Sir F., commander cavalry brigade King’s
German Legion, 35, 36.

ARMIES:—

ALLIED, in concert of action against Napoleon;
troops of England, Belgium, Holland, Hanover, Brunswick, Nassau,
and Prussia, 2-4;
their cantonments on and behind the Belgian frontier, 3, 96;
strength, organization, and internal economy of, 32-43.

ANGLO-DUTCH, positions in Belgium before the campaign, 2-4;
their extended cantonments, 2, 96;
commanded by the Duke of Wellington, 34;
heterogeneous character of, 34, 294;
organization, 34-35;
troops employed on garrison duty, 35;
strength and composition in detail, 35-37, 39;
location of the various divisions, 38-39;
merits and defects of, 39-40, 43;
principal officers, 40;
Wellington as a commander, 40-41;
internal economy of, 41-42;
positions of troops as given in the “Disposition,” at 7 A.M.,
June 16, 85, n. [186];
actual positions, 111-113;
badly served with information from the front, 114;
at Quatre Bras, 178-179, 183;
strength at Quatre Bras 184;
losses, 184;
at Quatre Bras morning of 17th, 214;
position, composition, and strength at Waterloo, 297-299;
in the battle of Waterloo, 294 _et seq._;
18,000 men detached at Hal and Tubize, 339.

British, strength and composition in detail, 35;
mainly relied upon by Wellington, 39, 298;
at Quatre Bras, 178-179, 184;
steadiness of infantry, 179;
in the skirmish at Genappe, 216;
strength at Waterloo, 298;
positions at Waterloo, 299-300;
charge of the Union brigade, 306-307;
suffered severely in d’Erlon’s assault, 310;
the brigades of Vivian and Vandeleur brought to the centre at a
critical moment, 314;
repulse of the Imperial Guard by the Guards, 319-321;
skilful use of troops by Sir Colin Halkett and Colonel Elphinstone
in support of the Guards, 322;
services of the light brigade, 323-324, 332-336.

Brunswick contingent (see also BRUNSWICK, DUKE OF);
strength and composition in detail, 37-38;
in the action
at Quatre Bras, 178-179, 183;
broke in disorder, the Duke being killed, 179;
strength at Waterloo, 299;
position at Waterloo, 299-300;
brought into action, 314;
driven back by the French divisions of Donzelot and Quiot, 318.

Dutch-Belgians, strength and composition of, in detail, 36;
positions of, 38;
raw troops, 39;
occupation of Quatre Bras, 101;
occupation criticised by Maurice, 103;
fully justified, 104;
the first troops to receive the attack at Quatre Bras, 101, 178;
suffered severely, 183;
strength and composition at Waterloo, 299, 314;
Bylandt’s brigade badly placed, 299;
breaks in confusion, 306;
Chassé’s division supports the British guards, 314;
opportune employment of Van der Smissen’s battery, 320.

Hanoverians, strength and composition in detail, 36;
raw troops, 39;
at Quatre Bras, 179;
fought stubbornly, 179;
strength at Waterloo, 298;
in the battle, 312.

King’s German Legion, strength and composition in detail, 35-36;
positions, 38-39;
relied upon by Wellington, 39, 298;
strength at Waterloo, 298;
position, 300.

Nassau contingent, strength and composition in detail, 37;
in the reserve, 38;
strength at Waterloo, 299;
position, 300;
suffered severely, 310;
driven back by divisions of Donzelot and Quiot, 318.

PRUSSIANS (allied), positions in Belgium before the campaign, 2-4;
extended cantonments, 2, 96;
strength and composition in detail, 32-33;
locations of different corps, 33;
composed mainly of veterans, 33;
temper and spirit of, 34;
Marshal Blücher, 34;
internal economy of, 42;
ordered to concentrate at Sombreffe on the 14th, 70, 143;
strength and positions at Ligny, 143-144, 151-152, 172;
in the battle of Ligny, 154-159;
losses, 159;
Blücher disabled, 158, 226, 229;
retreat towards Wavre, 159, 226 _et seq._;
Blücher decides to join Wellington, 230;
admirable conduct of commanders after the battle of Ligny, 231;
pledged to support Wellington, 234, 237;
delay in the march to support Wellington, 262, 264;
the combat at Wavre, 264-265;
in the battle of Waterloo, 307-309, 311, 313-314, 324-328,
336, 339-342.
(See also Battles of LIGNY, WAVRE, and WATERLOO.)

FRENCH, condition of, upon Napoleon’s return from Elba, 1, 16, 17;
Soult made chief of staff, 17;
confidence in Napoleon, 17;
the corps commanders, 18;
estimates of general officers, 19;
what Napoleon expected of his lieutenants, 20;
Ney sent for at last moment, 20;
Grouchy suddenly appointed to command of right wing, 21;
Napoleon’s mistake in leaving Davout at Paris, 22;
estimate of the army, 24-25;
strength and composition in detail, 25-28;
internal economy of, 41;
assembled near Charleroi, 44-45;
addressed by Napoleon at Avesnes on the 14th, 45;
general order of movement, 45-46;
desertion of Bourmont, 47;
operations on the 15th, 47-69;
arrival of Ney, 49;
delays in movement, 46, 50-53, 55, 118-119, 121-122, 125-127,
130-132, 138, 139-140, 157, 161, 163 _et seq._, 176-178,
180-187, 197 _et seq._, 211-212, 252-254, 256-257;
the 2d corps attacks the Dutch-Belgians at Quatre Bras on the
15th, 101;
operations on the morning of the 16th, 116-142;
in the battle of Ligny, 152-175;
strength at Ligny, 154, 171;
losses, 159;
in the battle of Quatre Bras, 176-196;
strength at Quatre Bras, 184;
losses, 184;
operations on the 17th, 197-225;
force detached with Grouchy, 212, 220;
pursuit of the English on the 17th led by the Emperor in
person, 214;
skirmish at Genappe, 216;
Grouchy’s march on Wavre, 211-213, 245-262, 264-267, 272,
279, 288;
the combat at Wavre, 264-265;
position at Waterloo, 301;
strength and composition, 301;
in the battle of Waterloo, 289-342;
unwieldy formation of d’Erlon’s troops, 304-307;
the great cavalry charges upon the English centre, 308-311;
the charge of the Imperial Guard, 315-326, 331-338;
tactics employed at Waterloo, 329-331;
the rout of the French army due to vigorous attack of Zieten’s
corps at close of the day, 340.
(See also Battles of LIGNY, QUATRE BRAS, WAVRE, and WATERLOO.)

Audenarde, on the Scheldt, one limit of Lord Uxbridge’s
cantonment, 79.

Austria, concentrates a formidable force on the eastern frontier
for ultimate coöperation against Napoleon, 2.

Auvergne. (See LA TOUR D’AUVERGNE.)

Avesnes, Napoleon issued stirring order here “to conquer or die,”
on the
evening of June 14th, 45;
Marshal Mortier detained here by illness, June 14th, 46.

B.

Bachelu, General, commander division 2d French corps, 25;
advance to Frasnes, 49;
at Quatre Bras, 178;
position at Waterloo, 302;
in the attack upon Hougomont, 304;
Ney neglects to use this division to support his cavalry
charge, 309;
or in support of the charge of the Guard, 337.

Baring, Major, his battalion of the King’s German Legion occupies
farmhouse of La Haye Sainte, 300.

Battle of Ligny, 143-175;
Prussian strength and position, 143-144, 151;
Napoleon’s plan of battle, 152, 153;
position of the French, 153, 154;
battle begins at 2.30, 154;
orders to Ney, 154, 155;
fought with determination on both sides, 156;
nearly all the Prussian divisions under fire, 156;
Napoleon decides to put in the Guard, 156, 157;
delay caused by d’Erlon’s corps, 157;
the Guard breaks Prussian centre, 158;
Prussians fall back to Brye and Sombreffe, 159;
Prussian desertions, 159;
losses, 159;
non-employment of the 6th French corps, 159, 160;
extent of the French victory, 161, 162;
discussion of the battle, 163-175.

Battle of Quatre Bras, 176-196;
attack begun by Ney at 2 P.M., 178;
at that hour only Perponcher’s Dutch-Belgian division opposed
him, 178;
at 2.30 Wellington arrived and took command, 178;
arrival an hour later of Picton’s division followed by the Duke
of Brunswick’s corps, 178;
the Dutch-Belgians retire after two hours’ fighting, 179;
the Brunswickers break, the Duke being killed, 179;
at 5 P.M. two brigades of Alten’s division arrive, 179, 183;
Ney even then has in action only half the force assigned him, 179;
and is therefore unable to execute Napoleon’s orders, 183;
Kellermann’s gallant charge, 183, 184;
arrival of Cooke’s division of the English guards, 184;
the French retire, 184;
forces engaged, 184;
losses, 184;
defeat of the French due to diversion of d’Erlon’s corps, 184;
and to Ney’s disregard of orders, 187;
Wellington’s skilful handling of his troops, 187, 188;
discussion of the battle, 189-196.

Battle of Waterloo, 289-342;
the field surveyed before the campaign by English engineers, 296;
strength and composition of the Anglo-Dutch army, 298, 299;
positions, 297, 299-301;
strength of the French army engaged, 301;
position, 301, 302;
relative strength and efficiency of the two armies, 302;
Napoleon’s plan of battle, 302;
the French attack upon Hougomont, 303-304;
d’Erlon’s assault upon the allied centre, 304-307;
unwieldy formation of his troops, 305, 306;
gains the crest of the British position, 306;
deadly fire and bayonet charge of Picton’s division, 306, 307;
the charge of Ponsonby’s British cavalry, 306, 307;
repulse of d’Erlon’s charge, 307;
the French capture La Haye Sainte at great sacrifice, 307;
Bülow’s corps (Prussian) advances and threatens Planchenoit,
requiring Napoleon’s withdrawal from the field, 309;
Ney left in command, 309;
splendid onsets of French cavalry, 309-311;
repulse of Bülow, 311;
return of Napoleon to the front, 314;
Alten’s British division rallied by Wellington, 314;
the Brunswick troops brought forward, 314;
Chassé’s Dutch-Belgian division placed in rear of British
guards, 314;
the light cavalry brigades of Vivian and Vandeleur brought
to the centre, 314;
the English troops exhausted, the allies discouraged, much
artillery dismounted, 314;
the reserves, with Maitland’s guards and Adam’s brigade combined
at centre, 315;
Ney ordered to collect infantry and cavalry to support an attack
by the Imperial Guard, 315;
the attack upon the Anglo-allied line by Donzelot and Quiot, 318;
the broken lines rallied by Wellington, 318;
steady advance of the Imperial Guard, 318, 319;
destructive repulse of the Guard, 319 _et seq._;
persistency of the rear battalions of the Guard, 323-324;
timely charge of the 52d regiment, supported by the rest of Adam’s
brigade, 324;
the rout of the Guard complete, 324;
Zieten’s attack, 324, 325;
the French right wing shattered, 325;
charge of the British cavalry brigades of Vivian and Vandeleur,
325;
Wellington orders his whole line to advance, 325;
the French routed, 326;
Napoleon borne away in one of the squares of the Guard, 326;
the victory of the allies complete, 326;
discussion of the battle, 329-342.

Battle of Wavre, Thielemann’s corps left to defend the town, 264;
Grouchy’s
attack without skill, 264;
the troops of Vandamme entangle themselves in the attempt to carry
the lower bridges, 264-265;
the 4th French corps in vain attack the Mill of Bierges, above the
town, 265; Gérard wounded, 265;
Pajol carried the bridge of Limale, 265;
battle conducted gallantly by the French, but without method, 265;
resistance of the Prussians worthy of all praise, 265.

Batty, Captain, _Historical Sketch of Campaign of 1815_, cited, 333.

Baudus, Lieutenant-Colonel de, his _Études sur Napoléon_,
cited, 193, 194, 195, 196, 279, 292.

Beaumont, headquarters of Napoleon on the evening of June 14th, 45.

Belgium, acts in concert with other nations of Europe against France
and Napoleon, 2-4 (see also ARMIES ALLIED);
territory occupied by the cantonments of the allied armies, 3, 74;
Brussels the headquarters of Wellington, 3;
daylight in, from before sunrise at 4 A.M. until 9 P.M., 52, 251.

Bernhard, Prince. (See SAXE-WEIMAR.)

Berthier, Marshal, Napoleon’s old chief of staff, retired into
Belgium with Louis XVIII., 17.

Berton, General, commander French brigade, reports to Napoleon the
discovery of a Prussian corps at Gembloux, 209;
his _Précis, historique, militaire et critique, des batailles de
Fleurus et de Waterloo_, cited, 258, 286, 338.

Bertrand, Grand Marshal (French), to whom Napoleon dictated order
to Grouchy, 209, 210. (See GROUCHY.)

Bierges, Mill of, Gérard wounded in attack upon, 265.

Blücher, Field-Marshal Prince, commander of the Prussian army, 32;
his character as an officer, 34;
hatred of Napoleon, 34;
chose the line of the brook of Ligny as a possible battle-field, 70;
orders concentration of his army at Sombreffe, 70, 143;
his understanding with Wellington, 70 _et seq._, 91, 100, 143-145;
advises Müffling of the concentration of the Prussian army at
Sombreffe, 78;
his cantonments too greatly extended, 96 _et seq._;
hears from Wellington, 144;
determines to fight Napoleon at Ligny on independent grounds,
143-147;
his reasons for accepting battle, 148-150;
his position, 151;
battle formation and force, 151, 152;
his position criticised by Wellington, 155, n. 15;
leads cavalry charge against the French and
narrowly escapes capture, 158;
key to his position taken by the French Guard, 158;
falls back to Brye and Sombreffe, 159;
result of accepting battle with but three-fourths of his force
unsupported by Wellington, 162;
held Brye and Sombreffe until after midnight, 204;
his retreat toward Wavre, 159, 226, 231-233;
not in communication with Thielemann and Bülow after defeat of
the corps of Zieten and Pirch I., 226, n. [516];
his age at time of the battle, 229, n. [526];
decides to join Wellington, 230, 234;
assures Wellington of support at Waterloo, 234, 237 _et seq._;
he as well as Wellington desired to close the campaign with a
great battle, 235;
advises Müffling that though ill he will lead his army in person
at Waterloo, 263.

Bonaparte, Jerome, commander French division, 2d corps, 25;
had nominal command only, 25, n. [35];
at Quatre Bras, 178, 179;
his division in the attack on Hougomont, 303, 304.

Bonaparte, Joseph, advised by Napoleon on morning of June 14th of
his intended movement on Charleroi, 45.

Bourmont, General, deserted with his staff to the enemy, succeeded
by Hulot, 26, n. [36], 47.

Braine-le-Comte, sixteen miles west of Quatre Bras, 82;
headquarters of the Prince of Orange, 102.

Braine-la-Leud ordered to be intrenched by Colonel Smyth, 296, 297.

Brunswick, Duke of, commander Brunswick corps, 38;
arrives opportunely at Quatre Bras, 178;
killed at Quatre Bras, 179.

Brussels, Wellington’s headquarters, 3, 74;
chief objective of Napoleon next to the dispersion of the allied
armies, 142.

Brye, place of conference between Wellington and Blücher, 108, 144,
146.

Bullock, R. H., _Journal of_, cited, 113.

Bülow, General, commander 4th Prussian corps, 33;
had in 1813 won the battle of Dennewitz against Ney, 34;
ordered to Ligny, 70;
not fully informed of situation, delayed execution of order, 73;
his arrival expected by Blücher, 151, 172;
his non-arrival, 231;
on the march to Waterloo, 262, 263;
attacks the right flank of the French army, 308, 309;
attacks Planchenoit and is repulsed, 311;
capture of Planchenoit, 325;
assures the allied victory, 340.

Bylandt, Major-General Count de, commander Dutch-Belgian brigade,
36;
at Quatre Bras, 102, 114;
dangerous position of his brigade at Waterloo, 299, 300.

Byng, Major-General Sir John, commander brigade British guards, 35;
position at Waterloo, 300.

C.

Caillou house, on the Brussels road near tavern of La Belle
Alliance, Napoleon’s headquarters evening of June 17th, 30,
245, 289.

Charleroi, the general objective point June 15th, 46;
occupied by the main French column at noon, June 15th, 47, 114;
headquarters of Napoleon, 48.

Charras, Lieutenant-Colonel, his _Histoire de la Campagne de 1815_,
cited, 13, 17, 19, 25, 28, 29, 30, 32, 34, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50,
51, 52, 56, 57, 58, 59, 63, 67, 69, 70, 71, 73, 77, 80, 94, 96,
97, 98, 106, 122, 123, 124, 125, 136, 139, 144, 151, 152, 153,
154, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 163, 170, 171, 177, 178, 179, 183,
184, 189, 190, 193, 195, 201, 209, 212, 213, 214, 217, 222, 251,
252, 253, 258, 259, 262, 265, 270, 280, 282, 283, 284, 285, 289,
291, 292, 293, 298, 301, 304, 305, 306, 307, 312, 313, 316, 317,
319, 321, 324, 325, 326, 337, 352;
admits no merit in Napoleon, iv.

Chassé, General, commander Dutch-Belgian division, 38;
position at Waterloo, 300;
opportunely brings into play Van der Smissen’s battery, 308;
ordered to the rear of the British guards, 314.

Chesney, Colonel Charles C., his _Waterloo Lectures_, cited, 25, 29,
51, 69, 70, 71, 73, 74, 76, 77, 90, 95, 101, 104, 128, 141, 188,
219, 221, 268, 278, 280, 339, 349.

Clausewitz, General Carl von, his _Der Feldzug von 1815_, etc.,
cited, 3, 10, 11, 13, 14, 58, 59, 70, 71, 73, 96, 97, 98, 139,
154, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 205,
208, 217, 218, 219, 243, 253, 262, 280.

Clinton, Lieutenant-General Sir Henry, commander 2d British division,
38;
position at Waterloo, 300.

Clinton, H. R., his _The War in the Peninsula_, etc., concurs with
Hooper in opinion as to Napoleon’s intention to wedge himself
between the opposing armies, 11, n. [14], 141.

Colborne, Lieutenant-Colonel Sir John (afterward Lord Seaton),
commander British 52d regiment, 324;
resists advance of the Imperial Guard, 324, 331-336.

Cole, Sir Lowry, commander British 6th division, 38;
position at Waterloo, 299;
not in the action, 299, n. [696].

Colville, General Sir Charles, commander British 4th division, 38;
his division withheld from the field of Waterloo by Wellington,
339.

Communication between allied armies, lines of, not to be confounded
with lines of supplies, 14.

Cooke, Major-General, commander 1st division, 38;
at Quatre Bras, 184;
position at Waterloo, 300.

_Correspondance de Napoléon_, cited, 5, 14, 19, 45, 47, 52, 53, 54,
57, 64, 65, 66, 68, 96, 98, 99, 100, 134, 135, 141, 142, 165,
180, 191, 215, 243, 289, 317, 332, 338, 351, 352, 353.

D.

Dalton, Charles, his _Waterloo Roll Call_ cited, 86.

Damitz, Major, his _Histoire de la Campagne de 1815_, cited, 144,
148, 149, 227, 285, 316, 317.

D’Auvergne. (See LA TOUR D’AUVERGNE.)

Davout, Marshal, desired field service, but was left at Paris, 22;
would probably have prevented defeat at Waterloo, if in place of
Ney or Grouchy, 22;
Napoleon writes him, anticipating battle or retreat of Prussians,
45;
his _Histoire de la Vie Militaire_, etc., cited, 22, 164, 166, 173.

Daylight in Belgium, through June from before sunrise at 4 A.M. until
9 P.M., 52, 251.

De Lancey, Colonel Sir William, Wellington’s chief of staff, 81;
instructions to, lost, 81-82;
his “Disposition” of the British army at 7 A.M., June 16th,
85-86, n. [186];
hurriedly drawn up, 114, n. [245];
is furnished copy of Wellington’s survey-sketches, 296.

Delbrück, Hans, his _Das Leben des Feldmarschalls Grafen Reithardt
von Gneisenau_, cited, 34, 73, 78, 81, 109, 144, 145, 146, 149,
159, 204, 226, 228, 234.

D’Erlon, Count, commander 1st French corps, 18;
position in the advance, 46;
backwardness of his corps, 50-56, 94, 118, 119, 124, 127, 131,
132, 137-140, 156, 198;
his wandering march, 157-161, 170-172, 174-175, 180-182, 193-196;
ordered to halt at Frasnes, 177-178, 183;
presence of his corps at Quatre Bras would have assured Ney’s
victory, 184-186;
ordered to pursue the English rear guard, 215;
in the first line at Waterloo, 289, 301;
his grand assault upon the allied line, 304-307;
unwieldy formation of his troops, 305, 329;
rallied to support the Guard, 318, 330;
his corps hopelessly disorganized, 325.

Dirom, Captain, of 1st British foot-guards, describes advance of
Imperial Guard, 335.

_Documents Inédits sur la Campagne de 1815_, cited, 48, 49, 50, 51,
55, 67, 116, 117, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 129, 131, 134,
141, 154, 155, 156, 169, 178, 180, 182, 189, 190, 191, 195,
196, 201, 203, 292, 302, 307, 308, 314, 326, 352.

Domon, General, commander cavalry division 3d French corps, 26;
with Napoleon on march to Waterloo, 212;
reported retreat of the Prussians, 246;
at Waterloo, 301.

Donzelot, General, commander division 1st French corps, 25;
in d’Erlon’s assault at Waterloo, 305;
supports cavalry charge, 310;
brilliant attacks upon the allied line in support of the Guard,
318, 322, 330, 337, 338.

Dörnberg, Major-General Sir William, commander British cavalry
brigade, 35, 36;
reports Napoleon as having turned towards Charleroi, 80, 83;
as to Wellington’s pledge of support to Blücher on the 16th, 145.

Drouot, General, Adjutant-General of the Imperial Guard, an officer
of great merit, 20;
advised Napoleon to delay battle at Waterloo, 292.

Du Casse, A., _Le Général Vandamme et sa Correspondance_, cited, 139.

Durutte, General, commander division 1st French corps, 25;
in the advance, 50, 129, 176, 179 _et seq._;
position at Waterloo, 302;
in d’Erlon’s assault, 305;
his division routed, 325, 341.

E.

Elchingen, Duke of. (See NEY.)

Ellesmere, Earl of, _Essays on History_, etc., cited, 10, 43, 74,
139, 239.

Elphinstone, Colonel, skilfully supports the British guards at
Waterloo, 322.

Erckmann-Chatrian, _Waterloo_, cited, 306.

Exelmans, General, commander 2d French cavalry corps, 27;
at Ligny, 154;
in the march to Wavre, 212, 251 _et seq._

F.

Flahaut, General, on Napoleon’s staff, the bearer to Ney of the
Emperor’s plans for the operations of the 16th, 121, 131, 134,
135;
returns, bringing news of the result at Quatre Bras, 200.

Fleurus, point of retreat of the Prussians on the 15th, 48, 70;
occupied by the French army on the 16th, 153-154;
headquarters of Napoleon after battle of Ligny, 159, 200.

Foy, General, his _History of the War in the Peninsula_, portrait
of Napoleon, 23;
commander division 2d French corps, 25;
in the advance to Quatre Bras, 49, 122, 129, 130;
at Quatre Bras, 178;
at Waterloo, 301-302;
joins in attack upon Hougomont, 304.

Fraser, _Letters of Colonel Sir A. S._, cited, 30.

Fraser, Sir William, _Words on Wellington_, cited, 105.

Friant, General, commander division Old Guard, 26;
at Waterloo, 316.

G.

Gardner, Mr. Dorsey, his _Quatre Bras, Ligny, and Waterloo_,
cited, 29, 105, 249, 268.

Gawler, an officer of the British 52d regiment, his _Crisis and
Close of the Action at Waterloo_, cited, 333.

Genappe, a smart skirmish at, 216;
after the battle of Quatre Bras Wellington spent the night at, 233;
the French retreat blocked at, 326.

Gérard, General Count, commander 4th French corps, 18;
in the advance, 44, 46;
at Ligny, 153, 154, 157-159, 165;
in the march to Wavre, 211;
urged Grouchy to march to the sound of the cannon, 256, 257, 262;
wounded in the attack on Wavre, 265;
his _Quelques Documents_ and _Dernières Observations_, etc.,
cited, 212, 247, 251, 252, 258, 259, 267, 271.

Girard, General, commander division 2d French corps, 25;
in pursuit of the Prussians, 49;
at Ligny, 153, 154;
mortally wounded, 203
his division left at Ligny to care for the wounded, 203.

Gleig, Rev. G. R., his _Life of the Duke of Wellington_, cited,
92, 93.

Gneisenau, General, chief of staff to Blücher, an able
administrator, 34;
remiss in not fully informing Bülow of the situation, 73;
believed that Wellington had given assurance of support at Ligny,
145, 149;
assumed command after Blücher’s injury, 226;
gave order for the retreat on Wavre, 226, 227;
his want of confidence in Wellington, 229, 264.

Gomm, Sir William Maynard, _Letters and Journals of_, cited, 83,
112, 178, 299.

Gore, Captain Arthur, _An Historical Account of the Battle of
Waterloo_, cited, 316, 319, 332.

Gourgaud, General, _Campagne de 1815_, cited, 4, 19, 52, 56, 63,
64, 66, 195, 215, 216, 338.

Grouchy, Marshal, commander French cavalry reserve, 18, 21;
a veteran, 18;
unfit for independent command, 208, 273;
given command of the right wing, 21, 22, 135;
in the first day’s advance, 47, 48;
in the battle of Ligny, 154;
given verbal orders by Napoleon to pursue the Prussians, 206, 209;
his objections to order, 207, 208;
the order dictated to General Bertrand, 209-211, 218-221, 223,
249 _et seq._, 345, 350, 358;
force given him for pursuit, 209, 212, 220;
his letter to Napoleon from Gembloux, 212-213, 245, 250;
his movement on Wavre, 211-213, 245-262, 264-267, 272, 279, 288;
issues orders for the morning of the 18th, 250;
his letter to Pajol morning of 18th, 251;
makes no change in his orders, 252;
should have marched for the bridge of Moustier at daybreak, 253;
neglects proper reconnoissance, 254;
his despatch from Walhain, 255, 256;
heard the sound of the cannon of Waterloo at Walhain, not
Sart-à-Walhain, 256, 259, 287, 288, 345;
refused to accept Gérard’s advice, 256, 257;
was expected to arrive on left bank of the Dyle by the bridge
of Moustier, 268 _et seq._, 345;
probable result had he marched for Moustier at daybreak, 281,
283, 284, 326-328, 339, 342;
or had followed the counsel of Gérard at noon, 261, 339, 342;
in the battle of Wavre, 264-265;
receives further orders from Napoleon, 265, 270;
is supposed to be bearing toward the main army, 271, 272;
carried the bridge of Limale, 271;
expected to keep off Blücher, not to fight Wellington, 278;
not solely responsible for defeat at Waterloo, 328, 342.

Guard. (See IMPERIAL GUARD.)

Gudin, General, Napoleon’s page at Waterloo, credited with story
as to Napoleon’s health on morning of battle of Waterloo, 30.

Guilleminot, General, according to Charras, the real commander of
Jerome Bonaparte’s division, 25, n. [35], 304.

Gurwood, Lieutenant-Colonel, _The Despatches of Field-Marshal the
Duke of Wellington_, cited, 39, 71, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82,
295, 328.

Guyot, General, commander cavalry division Imperial Guard, 27;
at Ligny, 157;
in Ney’s charge upon the allied centre, 310, 311.

H.

Halkett, General Sir Colin, commander British brigade, 35;
assists in opposing charge of Imperial Guard at Waterloo, 320,
322, 331.

Hamilton, Lieutenant-General Sir F. W., his _Grenadier Guards_,
cited, 111.

Hamley, General Edward Bruce, _The Operations of War_, etc.,
cited, 221, 222, 280, 281, 339.

Hardinge, General Sir Henry, English military _attaché_ at
Blücher’s headquarters, gives Wellington’s criticism of
Blücher’s position, 155;
lost his left hand at Ligny, 229;
story of discussion between Blücher and Gneisenau as to remaining
in communication with the English, 230.

Harlet, General, commander 4th regiment grenadiers of the Guard at
Waterloo, 316.

Henrion, General, commander 4th regiment chasseurs of the Guard at
Waterloo, 316.

Heymès, Colonel, Ney’s aide-de-camp, 67;
regarding interview between Ney and Napoleon, 49, n. [75], 67, 68;
reports account of Ney’s interview with Napoleon at midnight of
the 15th, 116;
reports conference between Ney and Reille, 116;
as to the inactivity of Ney on morning of 16th, 119;
as to arrival of the 3.15 P.M. order to Ney from Napoleon,
195, n. [442];
overestimates Napoleon’s loss in taking La Haye Sainte,
307, n. [712];
denies that Ney ordered Guyot to charge upon the allied centre,
311.

Hill, Lieutenant-General Lord, commander 2d British corps, 38;
a valuable man, 40;
orders to, morning of the 16th, 82, 88, 89.

_Histoire de l’Ex-Garde_, cited, 326.

Hooper, George, his _Waterloo_, cited, 11, 77, 104, 155, 182, 183,
184, 190, 222, 282, 307.

Hougomont, Chateau of, description of, 297;
occupied by the English, 300;
French attack upon, 303, 304, 329, 330.

Hulot, General, succeeded General Bourmont to command of division
4th French corps, 26;
at Ligny, 153, n. [345], 154.

I.

Imperial Guard, strength of, 26;
leaves Paris, 44;
ordered to advance 45-46;
leaves its commander, Marshal Mortier, behind, ill, 46;
a division of cavalry of, supports Ney at Frasnes, 49, 157;
in reserve near Fleurus at beginning of battle at Ligny, 154;
led by Napoleon in person at Ligny, 157, 158;
loss, 161, 197;
pursues the retreating English, 214-216;
position at Waterloo, 301;
in defence of Planchenoit, 309, 311;
attack on the English line by the cavalry of, 309, 311;
the _élite_ of the army, 312;
position, condition, and strength of, 315-318;
charge of, and repulse by British guards and Adam’s brigade,
318-324;
the attack pressed, but again repulsed, 323, 324;
resisted heroically to the last, 326;
the Emperor finally forced to take refuge in one of its squares,
326;
the charge of, reviewed, 331, 332, 335-338.

Inniskilling Dragoons, a part of the British Union brigade at
Waterloo, 300.

J.

Jomini, General Baron de, _The Political and Military History of
the Campaign of Waterloo_, cited, 12, 56, 59, 63, 66, 71, 139,
142, 153, 158, 170, 176, 177,186, 192, 193, 200, 205, 253, 280,
281, 357.

Jones, George, _The Battle of Waterloo_, cited, 125, 144, 146, 200,
235, 317, 332, 334, 338.

K.

Kellermann, Count of Valmy, commander 3d French cavalry corps, 27;
at Quatre Bras, 183, 184, 197;
in reserve at Waterloo, 301;
in the charge upon the allied centre, 309-310.

Kempt, Major-General Sir James, commander British brigade, 35;
at Waterloo, 306, 312.

Kennedy, General Sir James Shaw,—his _Notes on the Battle of
Waterloo_, cited, 96, 97, 99, 100, 250, 268, 274, 278, 280,
284, 294, 299, 301, 308, 310, 312, 339, 349.

Kielmansegge, Count, commander Hanoverian brigade, 36;
his brigade unable to hold its position at the close of the
battle of Waterloo, 312.

Kruse, General von, commander Nassau contingent, 37;
did not arrive at Quatre Bras in time to take part in the action,
113.

L.

La Haye Sainte, farm-house on Brussels road, 301;
attack upon, by the French, 305, 307;
captured shortly before 4 P.M., 307, n. [712], 308, 312.

La Tour d’Auvergne, Lieutenant-Colonel Prince Édouard de, his
_Waterloo: Étude de la Campagne de 1815_, cited, 13, 46, 51,
56, 59, 63, 69, 71, 118, 130, 136, 146, 154, 157, 158, 177,
202, 248, 250, 251, 257, 270, 304, 306.

Leeke, Rev. William, an officer of the British 52d regiment, 333;
his _History of Lord Seaton’s Regiment at the Battle of Waterloo_,
cited, 111, 333, 334, 336.

Lefebvre-Desnouettes, General, commander division of cavalry
Imperial Guard, 27;
in support of troops at Frasnes, 49, 157;
in the charge upon the allied centre at Waterloo, 309.

L’Heritier, General, commander of division 3d French cavalry corps,
27;
his division at Quatre Bras, 183.

_Life Guards, Historical Record of the_, cited, 113.

Ligny. (See BATTLE OF.)

Lines of supply, 4.

Lobau, Count of (Mouton), commander French 6th corps, 18, 26;
in the advance on the 15th, 46;
delayed in reaching Ligny, 160;
as to non-employment of his corps at Ligny, 160;
at Waterloo, 301;
made gallant defence of Planchenoit, 311, 325, 331.

Lockhart, J. G., his _History of Napoleon Buonaparte_,
cited, 238, 239.

M.

Mackworth, Sir Digby, on Lord Hill’s staff at Waterloo, describes
advance of Imperial Guard, 332.

Maitland, Major-General, commander brigade British guards, 35;
repulses attack of Imperial Guard at Waterloo, 319-323, 331-335.

_Malmesbury, Letters of the First Earl of_, cited, 81, 233.

Marbot, Colonel, his _Mémoires_, cited, 247, 254, 258, 268, 269, 270.

Marcognet, General, commander division 1st French corps, 25;
position at Waterloo, 302;
in d’Erlon’s assault 305; forced to abandon his position, 325, 341.

Marette, Chateau, at Walhain, 255, 288.

Marmont, Marshal, _Mémoires_, cited, 246, 247.

Maurice, Colonel J. F., his _Articles on Waterloo_, cited, 46, 47,
55, 71, 73, 74, 75, 76, 80, 83, 84, 85, 86, 94, 103, 106, 167,
204, 220, 221, 224, 227, 230, 237, 238, 241, 250, 262, 263.

_Memorandum on the Battle of Waterloo_, cited, 72, 74, 90, 95.

Mercer, General Cavalié, _Journal of the Waterloo Campaign_, cited,
216, 310.

Michel, General, commander brigade chasseurs of Imperial Guard at
Waterloo, 316.

Milhaud, General Count, commander French 4th cavalry corps, 27;
at Ligny, 154, 157-159;
at Waterloo, 301;
in the charge upon the allied centre, 309.

Morris, William O’Connor, his _Great Commanders of Modern Times,
and the Campaign of 1815_, cited, 69, 307.

Morvan, General Poret de, commander 3d regiment grenadiers of the
Imperial Guard at Waterloo, 316, 317.

Mortier, Marshal, commander Imperial Guard, taken ill just before
the opening of the campaign, 20, 46.

Mouton. (See LOBAU.)

Mudford, William, his _Historical Account of the Campaign in the
Netherlands in 1815_, cited, 105.

Müffling, General Baron von, his _Passages from my Life_, cited, 39,
42, 71, 77, 78, 80, 81, 105, 109, 144, 145, 146, 159, 229, 233,
340, 341.

Muquardt, his _Précis de la Campagne de 1815_, cited, 118, 159,
177, 338.

N.

Napier, General Sir William, _Life of_, cited, 24, 191, 338.

Napier’s battery at Waterloo, 317, 318.

Napoleon, his return to Paris from Elba, 1;
general military situation, 2;
his reasons for taking the offensive, 2, 3;
his plan of campaign, 4-15, 45, 59 _et seq._, 343, 348;
his army, 16-28;
gives Ney command of the left wing, 21, 49;
his bodily strength and vigor, 23, 24, 29-31, 140, 200, 202, 290,
347, 348;
leaves Paris for the field, 44;
assembles his army near Charleroi, 44, 45;
issues general order of movement, 45, 46;
the advance to Fleurus, 46-53, 55 _et seq._;
fixes his headquarters at Charleroi, 48;
as to verbal orders to Ney to seize Quatre Bras, 52, 62-69, 343;
midnight conference, with Ney on the 15th, 54, 116, 129, 130,
132, 140;
orders to Ney on the 16th, 120-125, 130, 131, 134, 141-142,
154-156;
his reasons for delay on morning of 16th, 132-142, 163;
his arrival at Fleurus about 11 A.M., 152;
examines the position at Ligny, 152;
his plan for the battle, 152-153, 164 _et seq._;
battle of Ligny, 152-175;
delays decisive blow upon the unexpected appearance of d’Erlon’s
corps, 157-158, 160, 161, 170, 171, 174, 198;
spends the night after the battle of Ligny at Fleurus, 159, 200;
his skill conspicuous at Ligny, 171;
not responsible for d’Erlon’s wandering, 182, 193 _et seq._;
his delay on the morning of the 17th, 197 _et seq._;
loses the opportunity of overwhelming Wellington at Quatre Bras,
199-202, 344, 348;
orders to Ney on the 17th, 201, 203 (see NEY);
his march to join Ney, 203, 213-214;
misconceives movement of Blücher, 203-206;
his neglect of proper reconnoissance on the morning of the 17th,
205, 217, 218, 223-225, 344, 348;
gives verbal order to Grouchy to pursue the Prussians, 206, 209
(see GROUCHY);
the Bertrand order to Grouchy, 209-211, 218-223, 248, 249, 274,
345;
leads pursuit of the English from Quatre Bras, 214, 215;
not to blame for not pursuing the Prussians on the early morning
of the 17th, 217;
expects Grouchy to arrive by the bridge of Moustier, 247,
268 _et seq._, 290, 293, 294, 345;
orders to Grouchy on the 18th, 265-272, 291;
his headquarters at the Caillou house, 289;
reconnoitres the field of battle of Waterloo at 1 A.M., 289;
his conduct on the morning of the 18th, 289-294;
his plan of battle, 292, 302 (see BATTLE OF WATERLOO);
decides to defer the main attack until about 1 P.M., 292, 302;
the attack upon Hougomont, 303, 304, 329;
called from the front to resist Prussian attack upon his right
flank, 308-309, 311 _et seq._, 330, 345, 346;
returns to the front, 314;
organizes general advance upon the British position, 315-317, 336;
the attack of the Guard repulsed, 318-324, 331-338;
his efforts to rally the Guard, 325;
his army routed, 326;
borne from the field in a square of the Guard, 326.

_Napoléon à Waterloo_, cited, 48, 50, 51, 69, 157, 181, 214, 215,
222, 247, 269, 270, 314, 319, 357.

Ney, Marshal, placed in the field at the last moment, 20, 21, 49, 55;
given command of the left wing, 21, 49;
overtakes the army near Charleroi, 49;
movement on Quatre Bras on the 15th, 49-54, 55, 56, 62, 69, 139;
verbal orders from Napoleon on the 15th to seize Quatre Bras, 52,
62-69, 343;
midnight interview with Napoleon on the 15th, 54, 116, 129, 130,
132, 140;
lacks a competent staff, 55, 119, 129, 140;
his defective preparations and disobedience of orders on the 16th,
116-128, 140, 176-183, 186-187, 191, 344, 348;
orders from Napoleon on the 16th, 120-125, 130, 131, 134,
141-142, 154-156;
in the battle of Quatre Bras, 178-196;
prevented Wellington’s aiding Blücher, 187;
makes no report of the result of the battle to Napoleon, 200, 202;
orders from Napoleon on the 17th, 201, 203;
his neglect to pursue Wellington on the morning of the 17th, 214;
with Napoleon in pursuit of Wellington to Waterloo, 214 _et seq._;
his great attack with d’Erlon’s infantry upon the allied line,
304-307;
the capture of La Haye Sainte, 307;
cavalry attacks upon the allied centre, 309-311;
non-employment of infantry, 309, 311, 318, 324, 337;
responsible for mistakes in assaults upon the allied line,
311 _et seq._, 329, 330, 345;
his lack of preparations for an attack by the Imperial Guard,
315, 317, 337, 338, 346;
leads the charge of the Imperial Guard, 318-324, 331-338;
contrasted with Wellington, 338.

O.

O’Connor Morris, William (see MORRIS).

Oldfield, Major John, his _Letters on the Battle of Waterloo_,
cited, 89, 105, 296, 301.

Ollech, General von, _Geschichte des Feldzuges von_ 1815,
cited, 72, 73, 76, 77, 83, 84, 85, 106, 109, 134, 136, 143,
144, 145, 149, 154, 205, 208, 209, 226, 227, 228, 229, 231,
232, 233, 238, 258, 262, 263, 285.

Ompteda, Colonel von, commander brigade King’s German Legion, 35;
his brigade nearly annihilated near La Haye Sainte, 312.

Orange, Prince of, commander British 1st corps, 38;
character as an officer, 40;
hears of the French advance, 76;
notifies Wellington at Brussels, 77;
at Quatre Bras, 102, 178.

P.

Pack, Major-General Sir Denis, commander British brigade, 35;
at Waterloo, 306.

Pajol, General, commander 1st French cavalry corps, 27;
in the advance on the 15th, 46, 47;
at Ligny, 154;
in pursuit of the Prussians after Ligny, 205;
with Grouchy in the march on Wavre, 212;
in the battle of Wavre, 265.

Papelotte, small village in front of Wellington’s position at
Waterloo, 297;
occupied by Zieten’s corps, 324.

Pascallet, M. E., _Notice Biographique sur M. le Maréchal Marquis
de Grouchy_, cited, 209, 357.

Perponcher, General, commander division Dutch-Belgians, 38;
at Quatre Bras, 102, 103, 112, 178;
his position at Waterloo, 299.