Chapter I: Front Matter

THE SWEDES IN AMERICA

1638–1900

BY

AMANDUS JOHNSON

IN FOUR VOLUMES

VOLUME I.

Fort Christina (1654), section of Lindeström’s plan of
Christinehamn. See below, p. 95.]

THE SWEDES IN AMERICA, 1638–1900

VOLUME I.

THE SWEDES

ON THE DELAWARE

1638–1664

BY

AMANDUS JOHNSON
UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA

PHILADELPHIA
THE LENAPÉ PRESS
1914

COPYRIGHT, 1914
BY
AMANDUS JOHNSON.

TO C. A. SMITH,
THE SWEDISH AMERICAN
PHILANTHROPIST AND FRIEND OF LEARNING

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Page

Preface 7

I. Political, Social, Religious and other Conditions
in Sweden, 1611–1660 11

II. Industries, Commerce and Trading Companies 39

III. The Founding of the New Sweden Company and the
Early Expeditions to the Delaware 67

IV. The Founding and First Period of the Colony, 1638–1643 103

V. The Reorganized American Company and the Expeditions
to New Sweden during the Administration of Governor
Printz 139

VI. The Social and Economic Life of the Colony under
Governor Printz, 1643–1653 175

VII. Renewed Efforts in Behalf of the Colony and Tenth
and Eleventh Expeditions 249

VIII. The Colony under Rising and Papegoja 273

IX. The American Company, the Last Expedition and the
Efforts of Sweden to Regain the Colony 343

X. The First Period of the Swedish Settlements under
Dutch Rule and the coming of the _Mercurius_,
1655–1656 359

XI. The Last Period of the Swedish Settlements under
the Dutch, 1656–1664 367

Map of New Sweden 392

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

Fort Christina, _Frontispiece_

Gustavus Adolphus, 10

The Reading Room in the Royal Library, 40

Willem Usselinx, 50

Title-page of the _Argonautica Gustaviana_, 62

Axel Oxenstierna, 68

Letter of Peter Spiring, 72

Klas Fleming, 76

Fort Elfsborg near Gothenborg, 80

New Amsterdam, 96

The Research-room in the Royal Library, 102

Landing Place of the Swedes, 108

Finnish Log-cabin, 110

Interior of the Finnish Cabin, 110

An Indian Family, 112

A Delaware Indian Woman, 114

The Budget of New Sweden, 142

Castle at Viborg, 146

The Ship _Scepter_, 150

Tidö Palace, 166

Johan Printz, 174

Storehouse, 180

Bill of Lading, 184

_Sewant_ (wampum), 204

Mora house, 212

Interior of the Mora house or Log-cabin, 214

Water-mill, 216

Indian Testimony, 236

Title-page of the _Geographia Americae_, 254

Swedish Log-cabin, 288

Storehouses from Finland, 300

Peter Stuyvesant, 306

Passport for Peter Lindeström, 338

Queen Christina, 344