Chapter XXXVII: External Oppression and Internal Consolidation (7)

=Vladimir= (_Polish_, Wlodzimierz Volhynia), early Jewish community
in, I 59

=Vladimir=, prince of Kiev, receives Khazar Jews (986), I 30

=Vladimir, Monomakh=, prince of Kiev, stops anti-Jewish riots,
I 32

=Vladimir=, grand duke, brother of Alexander III., holds Russian
revolutionaries responsible for pogroms, II 260

=Vladimir=, archbishop (Mitropolit) of St. Petersburg, encourages
pogroms, III 125

=Vladislav= (also Wladislaus and Leidislaus; _Polish_,
Wladyslaw), =Lokietek=, Polish ruler, unites Great
Poland and Little Poland, and assumes royal title
(1319), I 42, 50

=Vladislav= (_Polish_, Wladyslaw) IV., Polish king (1632-1648),
I 91
tolerant to other creeds, I 97
confirms Jewish privileges, I 98
makes erection of synagogues and establishment of cemeteries
dependent on royal permission, I 98
restricts Jews in response to anti-Jewish petitions, I 98 f
uprising of Khmelnitzki during reign of, I 144
dies during uprising, I 145
offered, as crown prince, Russian throne (1610), I 244

=Voislovitza=, near Lublin, Jews of, accused of ritual murder,
I 178 f

=Volfovich, Simeon=, denounces abuses of Vilna Kahal, I 276
persecuted and imprisoned, I 276
advocates abolition of Kahal, I 276

=Volga=, river, Khazars move towards banks of, I 19
Khazar capital situated at mouth of, I 23, 26, 28
called Ityl by Khazars, I 26, 28
bodies of alleged ritual murder victims found in, II 150

=Volhynia= (_Polish_, Volyn), forms part of Lithuania, I 59
ceded to Poland (1569), I 110
controlled economically by Polish magnates, I 140
uprising against Poles in (1648), I 145
returned to Poland (1667), I 159
annexed by Russia (1793), I 292
included in Pale (1794), I 317, (1804), I 342;
(1835), II 39
called formerly government of Izyaslav, I 317
Cossack massacres in (1648), I 148 f
Jews decimated in, I 157
Jews of, slain by haidamacks (18th century), I 182 f
Jewish _arendar_ of, oppressed by Polish squire, I 266
Jews of, suffer from Polish civil war (1792), I 292
Polish nobility of, advocates anti-Jewish restrictions, I 324
Jews of, hold conference and decide to appeal to Tzar (1798),
I 324 f
Jews of, invited by Alexander I. to elect deputies, I 349
woolen mills established by Jews in, I 363
Jews of, indifferent towards Polish revolution (1831), I 107
statistics of Jews in, II 194
pogroms in, II 256
represented on Council of Four Lands, I 110
Jewish Provincial Assembly (or Dietine) of, I 113; called "Volhynia
Synagogue," I 196
Talmudism deteriorates in, I 199
intellectual development of Jews of, differs from that in North-west,
I 221
Besht travels about in, I 224
Baer of Mezherich, hasidic preacher in, I 227
Hasidism spreads in, I 229, 274
becomes hasidic headquarters, I 229 f
Hasidism triumphant in, I 371, II 119 f
Gubernatorial Kahal of, appealed to by Vilna Gaon, against
Hasidism, I 373
Isaiah Horowitz (_Shelo_), Cabalist, rabbi in, I 135
Levi Itzhok of Berdychev, leader of Hasidim in, I 382
Menashe Ilyer, Talmudist and writer, resides in, II 115
Isaac Baer Levinsohn, native of, II 125 ff
rabbis of, request Levinsohn to refute blood accusation, II
131
Localities in:
Chudnov, III 117
Kremenetz, II 125[65]
Old (Staro-)-Constantinov, II 21 f
Ostrog, I 125
Rovno, III 99
Slavuta, II 42, 123
Troyanov, III 116
Zaslav, I 116, 177
Zhitomir, see Zhitomir

=Volkspartei=, see Jewish National Party

=Volozhin= (government of Vilna), yeshibah of, established by
Hayyim Volozhiner, pupil of Vilna Gaon (1803), I 380 f
sends forth large number of pupils, II 113

Itzhok Itzhaki, president of, member of Rabbinical Commission,
II 57

=Volozhiner, Hayyim=; see Volozhin

=Voltaire=, praises polemical treatise of Isaac Troki, I 138

=Vorontzov=, governor-general of New Russia, protests against
proposed "assortment" of Jews by Nicholas I., II 64 ff, 142

=Voronyezh= (city and government), "Judaizers" spread in, I 401
archbishop of, reports to Government on "Judaizers," I 401
f
Senate refers to "Judaizers" in, I 404
pogrom in city of (1905), III 130

=Voskhod ("The Sunrise")=, Jewish weekly and monthly, in Russian,
published in St. Petersburg, II 221, 277, 332, 372, III 162
opposes organizing of emigration, as subversive of emancipation,
II 298 f
protests against anti-Semitic speech of governor-general of
Kiev, II 317
opposes "Love of Zion" movement, II 332
suppressed by censor, II 407
publishes Dubnow's "Letters on Old and New Judaism," III 52
leaning towards nationalism, III 59
suppressed for protesting against Kishinev massacre, III 77
appeals to patriotism of Jews in Russo-Japanese War, III 94
warns against impending pogroms, III 96
confiscated by censor, III 98
points out rightlessness of Jews, III 124

=Voyevodas= (_Polish_, Wojewoda), high Polish officials, name
and functions of, explained, I 46
correspond to _Starostas_ in Lithuania, I 60
exercise, as representatives of sovereign, special jurisdiction
over Jews, I 46, 94
V. courts, see Courts
Jewish Dietines assemble by order of, I 196 f
instructed by Stephen Batory to protect Jews, I 89
accept bribes, I 76
begin to oppress Jews, I 169
V. of Cracow accepts bribes from Jews and their opponents,
I 76
V. of Kiev owns city of Uman, I 184
V. of Lemberg, or Red Russia, upholds prestige of Kahal, I
190;
grants constitution to Kahal of Lemberg (1692), I 191
V. of Vilna sides with Kahal against rabbi, I 276;
imprisons Simeon Volfovich, opponent of Kahal, I 276

=Voyevodstvo= (_Polish_, Wojewodstwo), name for Polish province,
term explained, I 46, 76

=Voznitzin, Alexander=, captain in Russian navy, converted by
Borukh Leibov to Judaism, I 251 f
burned at stake in St. Petersburg (1738), I 253

=Vperyod= ("=Forward="), Russian revolutionary periodical in
London, II 223

=Vratislav=, prince of Bohemia, robs Jews fleeing to Poland,
I 41

=Vyatka= (government) cantonists carried to, II 24

=Vyborg= (Finland), V. Manifesto, protesting against dissolution
of First Duma, signed by Jewish deputies, III 139
signatories to, prosecuted, III 142

=Vyelepolski=, Marquis, Polish statesman, secures assent of Alexander
II. to Act of Emancipation of Polish Jews (1862), II 181, 195

=Vyestnik Russkikh Yevreyev= ("Herald of Russian Jews"), Russian
Jewish periodical, II 221

=Waad Arba Aratzoth= ("Council of Four Lands"), central organization
of Polish Jewry, pronunciation of word _Waad_, I 108
grows out of conferences of rabbis and Kahal leaders, I 108
f;
which meet at fair of Lublin, I 109;
at initiative of Shalom Shakhna, rabbi of Lublin, I 123;
exercising judicial as well as administrative and legislative
functions, I 109 f
presided over by Mordecai Jaffe, I 127
presided over by Joshua Falk Cohen, I 128
meets periodically at Lublin and Yaroslav, I 110, 194
composition of, I 110
provincial _Waads_ represented on, I 113, 196 f
oligarchic character of, I 195
acts as court of appeals, I 111
decides litigations between Kahals, I 193
activities of, stimulate rabbinical learning, I 126 f
regulates inner life of Jews, I 111 f, 152, 188 f
concerned about maintenance of Talmud Torahs and yeshibahs,
I 195
exercises censorship over Hebrew books, I 195 f
issues _herem_ against Frankists, I 214
appoints _Shtadlans_ to represent Jews before Government, I
111, 193
apportions head-tax among Kahals, I 181, 189 f, 194
authority of, in apportioning head-tax upheld by King Sobieski
(1687), I 194
authority of, undermined by withdrawing right of apportioning
head-tax (1764), I 181, 197
meetings of, forbidden by diet; of 1764, I 198

=Waad Kehilloth Rashioth Di-Medinath Lita= ("Council
of the Principal Communities of the Province of
Lithuania"), central organization of Lithuanian Jews,
formed in 1623, I 112
provincial Waads represented on, I 113, 196
meets periodically, I 194
functions of, I 112 f
cultivates Jewish education, I 195
appoints _Shtadlans_ to represent Jews before Government, I
193
apportions head-tax among Jews, I 181

=Waddington=, English representative at Berlin Congress, favors
emancipation of Jews, I 202

=Wagenseil=, German professor, publishes Isaac Troki's _Hizzuk
Emuna_, I 138

=Wahl, Saul=, legendary king of Poland, I 94

=Wahl, Von=, governor of Vilna, flogs Jewish workingmen, I 67

=Wallachia=, Jacob Frank settles in, I 212
Besht born on border of, I 222;
see Moldavo-Wallachia

=Warsaw= (_Polish_, Warszawa), capital of Poland, I 85, 111
capital of duchy of Warsaw, I 298
meeting-place of Polish diet, I 76, 98, 99, 111, 160, 165,
169, 171, 181, 278, II 96;
see Diet
Khmelnitzki moves towards, I 151
conquered by Swedes (1655), I 154
Russia maintains Resident at, I 279
besieged by Russian troops (1794), I 293
stormed by Suvarov, I 296
annexed by Prussia (1795), I 296;
held by it (1796-1806), I 385
granted right of excluding Jews, I 85, 268
Jews permitted temporary visits to, I 111, 268
Serafinovich, converted Jew, invited to disputation in, to
prove blood accusation, I 173 f
Jews of, appeal to Polish king on behalf of Posen Jews, I 176
Visconti, papal nuncio at, instructed to report on ritual murder
cases, I 177
Jacob Frank, baptized at, I 217 f;
arrested at, and exiled to Chenstokhov, I 218;
returns to, I 219
Jews permitted to stay in, during sessions of diet (1768),
I 268
procedure in admitting Jews to, I 269
Jews pay tax for sojourn in, I 269, II 95
Polish dignitaries rent houses to Jews in outskirts of, I 269
"New Jerusalem," district in, I 269
Jews expelled from (1775), I 269
Jews return surreptitiously to, I 269 f, 285
burghers of, demand expulsion of Jews, I 285 f
anti-Jewish riot at (1790), I 286 f
Jews expelled from (1790), I 287
Jews volunteer in defence of, I 293
siege of, arouses patriotism of Berek Yoselovich, I 294;
appeal for special Jewish regiment, II 295
Jews display heroism in defence of, I 296
Jews barred from principal streets of, (1809), I 300, II 94;
exception made for widow of Berek Yoselovich, I 304
assimilated Jews of, plead for special privileges, I 300
representatives of Jewish community of, complain about disabilities,
I 301 f
"Enlightenment" among Jews of, I 385
visited by Moses Montefiore, II 68
visited by Altaras of Marseilles, II 69
Tugendhold, Jewish assimilator in, II 98
Jewish assimilators in, II 100 ff
Congregational Board of, objects to special Jewish regiment,
II 106
Jewish militia participates in defence of (1831), II 106
Congregational Board of, sends deputation to St. Petersburg
to plead for equal rights, II 110
adherents of hasidic dynasty of Gher numerous in, II 122
assimilation in, II 177 f;
assumes menacing proportions, II 213
Jews of, display Polish patriotism in uprising against Russia
(1861-1863), II 179 ff
pogrom at (1881), II 280 ff
archbishop of, endeavors to check pogrom, II 283
prominent Poles of, offer to organize civil guard for protection
of Jews, II 283;
offer refused by governor-general of, II 283
number of writers arrested at, II 291
effect of pogrom in, upon Western Europe and America, II 283,
287
governor-general of, reports to Tzar on pogroms in, II 284
pogrom in, welcomed by Central Jewish Committee, II 310
center of "Love of Zion" movement, II 376
Jewish labor movement in, III 55
economic progress of Jews in, III 166
Jews of, instrumental in election of socialistic deputy to
Duma, III 167
Hebrew papers and periodicals published in, II 333, 372, III
58, 60, 162
Yiddish papers and periodicals published in, III 59, 162
Goora Kalvarya (Gher), in vicinity of, II 122
Kotzk, in vicinity of, I 303, II 122
Praga, suburb of, I 294

=Way, Lewis=, representative of London Bible Society, I 397
submits memorandum to Alexander I. pleading for Jewish emancipation,
I 398
memorandum of, laid before Congress of Aix-la-Chapelle, I 398

=Weber=, United States Commissioner to Russia, II 407

=Wertheimer=, banking house of, in Vienna, exerts influence over
Polish king, I 176

=Wessely, Naphtali Hirz=, Hebrew poet, compared with A. B. Lebensohn,
II 135

=Western Europe=, Jewish diaspora in, I 13
emigration from, into Poland, I 39 ff
leading Jews of, invited by Russian Government to participate
in work of enlightenment, II 67
Jews of, intercede on behalf of Russian Jews, II 67 ff
public opinion of, influences Russia, II 262
effect of Warsaw pogrom on, II 283, 287
emigration from Russia to, II 321, 408, 413
Political Zionism originates in, III 42, 46
Jews of, deny Jewish nationalism, III 53
public opinion of, agitated over Kishinev massacre, III 78

"=Western Region=," term explained, II 16
number of Jews in, II 168
Jews form majority of population in cities of, III 11

=Westminster=, duke of, addresses Guildhall meeting in London
against oppression of Russian Jews, II 390 f

=White, Arnold=, member of English parliament, sent by Baron
Hirsch to Russia, II 417
discusses Jewish question with Russian dignitaries, II 417
visits Pale and is favorably impressed by Jews, II 418
recommends regulation of emigration, II 418
dispatched to Russia a second time, II 419

=White Russia=, see Russia, White

_Wine_ grown by Jews in Palestine, II 376;
see Liquor

=Witsen=, burgomaster of Amsterdam, petitions Peter the Great
to admit Jews into Russia, I 246

=Witte=, Russian Minister of Finance, advocates liquor monopoly
as means of dislodging Jews from villages, III 17;
and eliminating Jewish "exploitation," III 22
favors mitigation of Jewish disabilities, III 107 f
Jews address petitions for equal rights to, III 108 f
receives, as president of Council of State, memorandum on pogroms,
III 125
appointed Prime Minister, author of manifesto of October 17,
1905, III 127
adopts policy of oppression, III 131
League for Equal Rights votes down proposal to send delegation
to, III 131

=Wolff, Sir H. D.=, member of English parliament, interpellates
Government concerning pogroms, II 262

=Worms, Baron Henry De=, member of English parliament, interpellates
Government concerning pogroms, II 262
Gladstone replies to interpellation of, II 292

=Yadviga= (_Polish_, Jadwiga), Polish queen, marries Yaguello,
grand duke of Lithuania (1386), I 54
Yaguello, Vladislav II. (_Polish_, Wladyslaw Jagiello), king
of Poland and grand duke of Lithuania (1386-1434), I 54
converted from paganism to Catholicism, I 55
restricts commercial operations of Jews, I 58
Lithuania ruled by Vitovt, as representative of, I 59
extinction of Y. dynasty, I 88 f, 91

=Yalta=, health resort in Crimea, Jews expelled from, II 428
f, III 18 f

=Yampol= (Volhynia), ritual murder trial at, I 178

=Yaroshevski=, Russian-Jewish novelist and physician, protests
against affront to Jewish army surgeons, II 320

=Yaroslav= (_Polish_, Jaroslaw; Galicia), meeting-place of Council
of Four Lands, I 110, 194

=Yekaterinoslav= (city), Orshanski, Russian-Jewish writer, native
of, II 238
pogrom at (1883), II 358 ff;
(October, 1905), III 128

=Yekaterinoslav= (government), territory of, raided by Turks
and defended by Cossacks, I 143
territory of, opened to Jews (1791), I 316
tract of land in, set aside for Jewish converts (1820), I 400
included in Pale (1794), I 317;
(1835), II 403
Jewish agricultural colonies in, II 72
Rostov and Taganrog transferred from, to territory of Don army
and barred to Jews (1887), II 346
pogroms in (1883), II 360

=Yelisavetgrad= (government of Kherson), Government agents appear
in, to prepare pogroms, II 248
pogroms at (1881), II 249 ff, 333; (October, 1905), III 128
"Spiritual Biblical Brotherhood," heterodox Jewish sect, founded
by Jacob Gordin in (1881), II 333 f

=Yellow Waters= (_Polish_, Zolte Wody), Polish army defeated
by Cossacks near, I 145

=Yemetyanov, Theodore=, alleged victim of ritual murder, II 75
f

=Yeremyeyeva=, Russian woman, accuses Jews of Velizh of ritual
murder, II 75
convicted by Council of State, II 82

=Yeshibah, or Talmudic Academy=, imparts higher rabbinical education,
I 114 f
secular studies excluded from, I 120, 277
maintained by Council of Four Lands, I 195
sanctioned by Sigismund II. under name of _gymnazium_, I 115
head of, or _rosh-yeshibah_, granted wide powers by Polish
Kings, I 115 f;
enjoys great distinction, I 119
Y's spread all over Poland and Lithuania, I 115 f
Y's of Lithuania adopt method of Talmud study of Vilna Gaon,
I 380 f
important Y's in Lithuania, II 113 f
negative effect of, II 113 f
placed under Government supervision (1842), II 56
Joshua Falk Cohen, head of, in Lemberg, I 128
Moses Isserles, head of, in Cracow, I 123
Nathan Spira, head of, in Cracow, I 135
Isaiah Horowitz (_Shelo_), studies in, of Lemberg and Cracow,
I 135
Eliezer, head of, in Homel, I 150
Abel Gumbiner, head of, in Kalish, I 200
Hayyim Volozhiner, head of, in Volozhin, I 381
Itzhok Itzhaki, head of, in Volozhin, II 57

=Yesod Hama'Alah=, Jewish colony in Galilee, II 375

=Yevrey=, Russian term for Jew, officially introduced, I 320

=Yevreyskaya Bibliotyeka ("Jewish Library")=, Jewish periodical
in Russian, II 221
Orshanski contributes to, II 238

=Yevreyskaya Starina ("Jewish Antiquity")=, Jewish periodical
in Russian, III 160

_Yevreyski Mir_ ("Jewish World"), Jewish weekly in Russian, III
162

=Yezierski=, Polish statesman, chairman of Jewish Commission
of Polish Diet, I 287
recognizes economic importance of Polish Jews, I 287 f
defends Jews in Diet, I 289

=Yiddish=, brought by Jews from Germany, I 43, 114
translations of prayers in, used by women, I 121
read by women and lower classes, I 202
Mendel Lewin translates Bible into, I 388; attacked by Tobias
Feder, I 388
Y. press, II 217 f, III 58 f, 162
Y. literature, III 61 ff, 162
Mendele Mokher Sforim turns to, II 232
Gordin writes plays in, II 335
Frug, Russian-Jewish poet, writes in, III 63, 78
used as propaganda means by Jewish Labor movement, III 56 f
position of, hotly discussed, III 161
adherents of (Yiddishists), III 161

=Yosefovich, Hirsh=, rabbi of Khelm, author of Polish pamphlet
defending Jews, I 283

=Yosefovich, Abraham=, Jewish tax-farmer in Poland, I 73
converted to Christianity and appointed Chancellor of Lithuanian
Exchequer, I 73

=Yosefovich, Michael=, brother of former, Jewish tax-farmer in
Poland, 172 f
appointed by Sigismund I. "senior" of Lithuanian Jews, I 72
f, 104

=Yoselovich= (_Polish_, Joselowicz) =Berek=, Polish-Jewish patriot,
I 293 ff
accompanies Bishop Masalski to Paris, I 294
offers to form special Jewish regiment, I 294 f
regiment of, displays heroism, I 296
flees to France, I 296 f
returns to Poland and dies heroic death, I 303
eulogized by Pototzki, I 303 f
widow of, granted special permission to sell liquor, I 304

=Yosko=, Jewish tax-farmer in Poland, I 71

=Yudich, Saul=, Jewish tax-farmer in Lithuania, I 94
possibly identical with Saul Wahl, legendary king of Poland,
I 94

=Yurkevich, Peter=, accused of stealing host for Jews, I 101
f

=Yurkovski=, Moscow police commissioner, makes raid on Jews,
II 403

=Yushkevicher, Yankel=, of Saratov, accused of ritual murder,
II 151
sentenced, with son, to penal servitude, II 152
pardoned by Alexander II. through intercession of Crémieux,
II 153

=Zadok=, Messianic propagandist in Lithuania, I 208

=Zaleshkovska, Catherine=, suspected of leanings towards Judaism
and burned at stake, I 79 f

=Zalman Shneorsohn=, or =Zalman Borukhovich=; see Shneor Zalman

=Zamyatin=, Minister of Justice, defends Jews of Saratov accused
of ritual murder, II 152

=Zamoiski, Andreas=, Polish chancellor, suggests reforms for
Jews of Poland, I 271 ff

=Zamoshch= (_Polish_, Zamosc), Joel Baal-Shem of, I 203

=Zangwill, Israel=, founder of Territorialism, III 144

=Zaporozhians=, the, or =Zaporozhian Cossacks=, name explained,
I 143
raid Turks and fight Tatars, I 143
cultivate relations with Ukrainian Cossacks, I 143
form alliance with Tatars, I 144
exterminate Jews and Poles, I 145 f
plunder Jews of Vitebsk, I 154
form bands attacking Poles and Jews, I 182 f
petition Russian Government to admit Jews to fairs of Little
Russia, I 250
See Cossacks

=Zarudny=, Council of Jewish victims of Homel pogrom, III 102

=Zaryadye=, part of Moscow illegally inhabited by Jews, II 403

=Zaslav= (_Polish_, Zaslaw; Volhynia), Cossack massacre at (1648),
I 149
ritual murder case in (1747), I 172, 177 f
Nathan Hannover of, see Hannover, Nathan

=Zayonchek=, Polish general, flees from Poland, I 296
appointed viceroy of Poland, II 91
opposes measures in favor of Jews, II 93
makes insulting remark about Jews, II 94

=Zborov, Treaty of=, between Poles and Cossacks (1649), I 151
not kept by Polish Government, I 152

=Zebulun=, king of Khazars, I 26

=Zederbaum, Alexander=, editor of _ha-Melitz_ in St. Petersburg,
II 217
refutes charge of ritual murder, I 204
publishes _Vyestnik Russkikh Yevreyev_, I 221

=Zelenoy=, city-governor of, warns Jews to use polite manners,
II 383

=Zelig=, see Jacob Selig

=Zelikin, Isaac=, called Rabbi Itzele, secures acquittal of Mstislavl
Jews, II 86 f

=Zelva= (province of Grodno), rabbis issue _herem_ against Hasidim
at fair of, I 237

=Zemstvos= (local self-governments in Russia), term explained,
II 173
Jews admitted to (1864), II 173
rights of, curtailed by Alexander III., II 379, 386
Jews barred from (1890), II 385 f
liberal Z. voice desire for constitution, III 7 f
refuse to appoint Jewish physicians, III 27
conference of, in St. Petersburg protests against autocracy
(1904), III 105
combined deputation to Nicholas II. of municipalities and Z.
express desire for abolition of restrictions (1905), III 122

=Zetlin, Yevzik=, of Velizh, arrested on charge of ritual murder,
II 75, 77

=Zetlin, Hannah=, wife of former, arrested on same charge, II
77

=Zeno=, emperor of Byzantium, persecutes Jews, I 18

=Zhelezniak=, Cossack leader, massacres Jews (1768), I 183 f

=Zhitomir=, see Zhytomir

=Zhmud= (Samogitia) region in North-west Russia, I 293, II 133

=Zhukhovski, Stephen=, Polish priest, accuses Jews of ritual
murder, I 172 f

=Zhyd= (and =Zhydovski=), Russian derogatory appellation for
Jew, I 184, 320, 403, II 14, 78, III 155
officially abolished by Catherine II., I 320

=Zhytomir= (_Polish_, =Zytomir=; Volhynia), ritual murder trial
at (1753), I 178
Kahal of, appealed to by Vilna Gaon against Hasidism, I 373
printing-press of, II 43
Rabbinical Institute opened in (1847), II 59, 174;
closed (1873), II 177;
graduates of, un-Jewish, II 212
Teachers Institute in, closed (1873), II 177
old privilege of, excluding Jews from parts of town, abolished
by Alexander II., II 172
_Mendele Mokher Sforim_ removes to, II 232
School of Handicrafts in, closed by Alexander III., II 347
pogrom in (1905), III 115 ff
Jews of Chudnov attempt to defend Jews of Zhytomir and are
massacred, III 116 f
Jewish community of, protests against denial of Jewish franchise,
III 121

=Zikhron Jacob=, Jewish colony in Galilee, II 375

=Zionism=, before Herzl, called in Hebrew _Hibbat Zion_
(in Russian, _Palestinophilstvo_) "Love of Zion,"
preached by Lilienblum, II 237, 328 ff
expounded by Pinsker, II 220, 330 ff
adopted by Lilienblum, II 237
engages in colonization of Palestine, II 375 f, 422 f
adherents of, assemble in Kattowitz (1884), II 376;
and Druskeniki (1887), II 377
legalized by Russian Government (1890), II 377
center of, in Odessa and Warsaw, II 376
wins over orthodoxy, II 376 f
failure of, III 42
leaders of, join political Zionism, III 47
modified by Ahad Ha'am, II 423, III 49 f
rise of political Z., III 41 ff
proclaimed by Herzl, III 42 f
First Zionist Congress (1897), III 44
political and cultural tendency within, III 44 f
effects of, III 46 f
Spiritual Z., or Ahad Ha'amism, III 41, 48 ff
Russian Zionists Convention at Minsk, III 51
inadequacy of, III 51 f
combined with Socialism by _Poale-Zion_, III 57 f, 145
Nahum Sokolow declares allegiance to, III 60
Reflected in poems of Frug, III 63
indifference to, denounced by Bialik, III 63
forbidden in Russia by Plehve, III 82 f
Plehve promises support of, as result of Dr. Herzl's visit,
III 83
Vilna Zionists give ovation to Dr. Herzl, III 84
crisis of, at Sixth Congress, III 84 f
Schism between Palestinianism and Territorialism, III 85
organize self-defence at Homel, III 87
Shmaryahu Levin, representative of, deputy to First Duma, III
134
forms contrast to Social Democracy, III 143
Seventh Zionist Congress reaffirms allegiance to Palestine,
III 144
Russian Zionist Convention at Helsingfors (1906) recognizes
rights of diaspora, III 144 f
adherents of, secede from League for Equal Rights, III 146
declared illegal by Senate, III 152

=Znamya= ("The Banner") anti-Semitic paper in St. Petersburg,
III 70
demands execution of Dashevski, assailant of Krushevan, III
81 f

=Zohar=, the, cabalistic standard work, study of, not permitted
before the age of thirty, I 214
Frankists recognize authority of, I 214;
call themselves Zoharists, 214
used by Besht to foretell the future, I 224

=Zonch=, Russian general, maltreats Jews on his estates, I 328

=Zubov=, Count, governor-general of New Russia, secures equal
rights for Karaites, I 318
member of "Jewish Commission" appointed by Alexander I., I
335

=Zunz=, refutes charges of Abbé Chiarini, II 104

=Zverovich=, synagogue built in, by Borukh Leibov of Smolensk,
I 249, 252

FOOTNOTES:

[62] The text has 1774 by mistake.

[63] The text has 1815 by mistake.

[64] P. 125, line 3 from below, read "Volhynia," instead of "Podolia."

[65] Page 125, line 3 from bottom, read Volhynia, instead of Podolia. The mistake is due to a confusion with Kamenetz.

_The Lord Baltimore Press_

BALTIMORE, MD., U. S. A.

Transcriber's Notes:

Simple spelling, grammar, and typographical errors were
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Anachronistic and non-standard spellings retained as printed.

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