Chapter II: Development and Science of the Law of Nations

I. _Development of the Law of Nations before Grotius_

37. No Law of Nations in Antiquity 45
38. The Jews 46
39. The Greeks 49
40. The Romans 50
41. No need for a Law of Nations during the Middle Ages 53
42. The Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries 54

II. _Development of the Law of Nations after Grotius_

43. The time of Grotius 59
44. The period 1648-1721 61
45. The period 1721-1789 64
46. The period 1789-1815 64
47. The period 1815-1856 66
48. The period 1856-1874 69
49. The period 1874-1899 71
50. The Twentieth Century 74
51. Six Lessons of the History of the Law of Nations 80

III. _The Science of the Law of Nations_

52. Forerunners of Grotius 83
53. Grotius 85
54. Zouche 88
55. The Naturalists 89
56. The Positivists 90
57. The Grotians 92
58. Treatises of the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries 94
59. The Science of the Law of Nations in the Nineteenth and
Twentieth Centuries, as represented by Treatises 98
60. Collection of Treatises 102
61. Bibliographies 103
62. Periodicals 103

PART I--_THE SUBJECTS OF THE LAW OF NATIONS_