Chapter XIII: The English in Maryland, 1632-1691 (3)

The reduction of Maryland at the time of the Commonwealth caused several pamphlets upon its affairs to be published in London. The first of these was _The Lord Baltemore’s case concerning the Province of Maryland, adjoyning to Virginia in America with full and clear answers to all material objections touching his Rights, jurisdiction, and Proceedings there_, etc. London, 1653. This tract was probably called forth by the report of the committee of the Navy on Maryland affairs in December, 1652. Although written by Lord Baltimore, or under his direction, it is a temperate and reliable statement. It contains his reasons of state why it would be more advantageous for the Commonwealth to keep Maryland and Virginia separate.

An answer to this pamphlet was published in London in 1655, entitled, _Virginia and Maryland, or The Lord Baltemore’s printed case uncased and answered_, etc.[880] This work is of value in giving a full statement of the Puritan side of the controversy down to 1655. It has the proceedings in Parliament in 1652 relating to Maryland, copies of the instructions of the commissioners for the reduction, and other documents.

There are four pamphlets bearing upon the battle of Providence in March, 1655. The first is called, _An additional brief narrative of a late Bloody design against The Protestants in Ann Arundel County and Severn in Maryland in the County of Virginia.... Set forth by Roger Heaman, Commander of the Ship Golden Lyon, an eye-witness there_. London, July 24, 1655. The author gives a detailed but unfair account of the fight, and of his connection with it, and of the previous proceedings of Governor Stone. Heamans was answered by John Hammond, “a sufferer in these calamities,” in a tract, called _Hammond_ vs. _Heamans; Or, an answer to an audacious pamphlet published by an impudent and ridiculous fellow named Roger Heamans_, etc. The author was the person despatched by Stone, early in 1655, to remove the records from Patuxent. He declares that he “went unarmed amongst these sons of Thunder, and myself alone seized and carried away the records in defiance.” In the same year were published both _Babylon’s Fall in Maryland_, etc., by Leonard Strong, and John Langford’s _Refutation of Babylon’s Fall_, etc. Strong, the author of the former pamphlet, was one of the leading Puritans of Providence, and afterwards their agent in London, where he wrote the tract. It is a party work, containing a garbled statement of the facts. Langford’s _Refutation_ has a letter from Governor Stone’s wife to Lord Baltimore describing the conduct of the Puritans and their treatment of her husband. Langford was rewarded for this work by Lord Baltimore with a gift of fifteen hundred acres of land in Maryland.[881]

In 1656 John Hammond published his _Leah and Rachel; or, the Two fruitfull Sisters Virginia and Maryland_. _Their present condition impartially stated and related_, etc.[882] This pamphlet is favorable to Lord Baltimore and condemns the Puritans.

A highly curious production is, _A Character of the Province of Maryland_, by George Alsop. London, 1666.[883] Alsop had been an indented servant in Maryland, and gives a favorable account of the condition of Maryland apprentices. The tract is written in a jocular style, and was designed to encourage emigration to the Province. It contains some interesting details concerning the Indian tribes.

Various causes, chief among which are Ingle’s Rebellion, time, and negligence, have resulted in the destruction of a large part of the early records of the Province. The principal portion of what now remains relating to the period before the Protestant Revolution is contained in the following manuscript folio volumes:—

1. Liber Z. The Proprietary Record-book from 1637-1642. This is the oldest record-book extant. It contains a full account of the proceedings of the Assembly held in 1638, and of the process against William Lewis for his violation of the proclamation prohibiting religious disputes. This volume also has the records of the Council acting as a county court, and of proceedings in testamentary causes. Many of the original signatures of Leonard Calvert, Secretary Lewger, and others are scattered through the volume.

2. A. 1647-1651. The original second Record-book of the Province. The first fifty-eight pages and several of the last are wanting. It has in it proceedings of assemblies, court records, appointments to office, demands and surveys of land, wills, etc.

3. Y. 1649-1669. Journals and acts of different assemblies, commissions from the Proprietary, etc. This volume contains the Toleration Act of 1649[884] and the proceedings of Fendall’s revolutionary assembly in 1660.

4. H. H. 1656-1668. Council proceedings. The original volume containing instructions from the Proprietary, commissions of Fendall and others, ordinances, and the proceedings against the Quakers.[885]

5. A. M. 1669-1673. Council Proceedings. A copy probably made in the last century.

6. F. 1637-1642. Council Proceedings and other documents in vol. i. of the Land-Office Records. This copy of the original, which is lost, was made in the first quarter of the eighteenth century, and is certified by a Judge of the Provincial Court to be correct. This volume contains Governor Leonard Calvert’s commission, Clayborne’s petition to the King, orders of the Privy Council, etc.

7. A. 1647-1650. Council and Court Proceedings. Some part of the original is lost. A copy in vol. ii. of the Land-Office Records.

8. B. 1648-1657. Council and Court Proceedings and Acts of Assembly. The original is lost. A copy is in vols. i. and iii. of the Land-Office Records. This volume contains the proceedings of Captain Fuller’s council and of the Puritan Assembly in 1654, lists of servants for whose importation land was demanded, etc.

9. Vellum folio. 1636-1657. Council Proceedings. A copy made in the eighteenth century. This volume has Stone’s commission, the conditions of plantation in 1648 and 1649, the proceedings of Bennett and Clayborne in the reduction of Maryland, and of Stone and the Puritans. The documents in this volume are not arranged in chronological order.

10. Vellum folio. 1637-1658. Proceedings of Assemblies. A copy.

11. F. F. 1659-1699. Upper House Journals. A copy. Contains a full account of the proceedings.

12. X. 1661-1663. Council-book. This original volume contains instructions from the Proprietary to Philip Calvert and Fendall, demands and grants of land, etc.

13. 1676-1702. Votes and Proceedings of the Lower House. A copy made by the State Librarian in 1838 from the original papers, which are not now to be found. It has the proceedings of the Assemblies in 1676,1683, and 1684.

14. C. B. 1683-1684. The original Council-book for land.

The first five of the above volumes are in the possession of the Maryland Historical Society, Baltimore, having been entrusted to its guardianship by a resolution of the Legislature in 1847. The remaining folios are in the Land Office at Annapolis.

The three following manuscript volumes are in the office of the Clerk of the Court of Appeals, at Annapolis:—

15. Liber W. H. Laws: erroneously lettered on the back 1676-1678. This volume contains laws made at different Assemblies from 1640 to 1688. They are not placed in strict chronological order. These copies were made in the seventeenth century, and many of the transcripts are attested by Philip Calvert as _Cancellarius_.

16. W. H. and L. 1640-1692. Laws made at some of the Assemblies held during these years.

17. C. and W. H. 1638-1678. Laws. A copy from older books made in 1726, and certified to be correct.

The two following original volumes are in the State Library at Annapolis:—

18. Proprietary, 1642-1644. Contains proceedings of the Council sitting as the Provincial Court, proclamations, commissions, etc. A part of this volume has been transcribed into one of the Land-Office Records.

19. Provincial Court of Maryland. Records. March, 1658-November, 1662. This volume is in bad condition and several pages are wanting. It contains the records of the Council as a Court, oaths of officers, depositions, etc.

A calendar of the state papers contained in Nos. 1-13 of the above volumes, and in some of a later date, was compiled in 1860 by the Rev. Ethan Allen, under the direction of J. H. Alexander.[886] No systematic publication of extracts from these records has ever been made. After the death of Mr. S. F. Streeter, in 1864, his large collection of manuscripts pertaining to the provincial history of Maryland was placed in the hands of Henry Stockbridge Esq., who prepared them for publication, and in 1876 some extracts from these with notes by Mr. Stockbridge were published by the Maryland Historical Society in a volume entitled, _Papers Relating to the Early History of Maryland_, by S. F. Streeter. This volume contains the proceedings and acts of the Assembly of 1638, with a list of the members and their occupations, the record of the case against William Lewis, the first will, the first marriage license and various court proceedings.

The Legislature of Maryland at its January session, 1882, passed an act directing that all the records and state papers belonging to the period prior to the Revolution be transferred to the custody of the Maryland Historical Society, and appropriating the sum of two thousand dollars to be expended by the Society in the publication of extracts from these documents.

In 1694, when the capital was removed from St. Mary’s to Annapolis,—then called Anne Arundel Town,—the Assembly directed that the records should be transported on horses, and in bags sealed with the great seal and covered with hides. The persons charged with this duty afterward reported to the Assembly that they had safely delivered the books to the sheriff of Anne Arundel County. There is a full list of these volumes in the Journal of the Lower House, and one perceives with regret that the greater part of them no longer exist. Many state papers were greatly damaged during this removal, and others were lost in the fire which destroyed the State House in 1704. When the government of the Province was restored to Lord Baltimore in 1716, an act was passed appointing commissioners to inspect the records and to employ clerks to transcribe and bind them. The preamble to the act set forth the loss of several important records, and that a great part of what remained was “much worn and damnified;” which was partly owing to the want of proper books at first. On such general revisions of the laws as were made in 1676, 1692, and at other times, it was customary to make transcripts in a “Book of Laws” only of those acts which were continued in force. The record of the laws not re-enacted was then neglected.

Very little care was bestowed upon the state papers generally. Many of the volumes cited by Bacon in his _Laws of Maryland_, published in 1765, are not now to be found. In 1836 the State librarian (Ridgely) made three reports to the governor and council upon the early records, which contain a partial list of those then discovered. He says that in the treasury department he found “the remains of two large sea-chests and one box which had contained records and files of papers which were in a state of total ruin.” He also discovered many early records, whose existence had not been suspected, in different public offices, and some “under the stairway as you ascend the dome.”[887]

Other original authorities for the history of the Province, second in importance only to its own records, are the documents preserved in the state-paper office in London. The peculiar nature of the palatinate proprietorship of Maryland, and the fact that the Proprietary generally resided in England, have caused the Maryland papers to be more abundant than those of any other colony. It was customary to send to the Proprietary documents concerning all the public affairs of the Province. A large number of these, as well as of the papers directly transmitted to the Privy Council or the Board of Trade, are in the state-paper office.[888] In 1852 Mr. George Peabody gave to the Maryland Historical Society a manuscript index, prepared by Henry Stevens, to the Maryland papers, then accessible in that office. This index contains abstracts of 1,729 documents relating to Maryland affairs between the years 1626 and 1780; and the abstracts are somewhat more full than those in Sainsbury’s _Calendars of State Papers_.[889]

Additional papers have been placed in the state-paper office since the Peabody Index was made, and it is therefore necessary to consult both calendars. There are other manuscripts relating to Maryland in the British Museum, the Bodleian Library, and elsewhere in England, of which no calendars have been published.[890]

A letter of Captain Thomas Yong to Sir Tobie Matthew, written from Virginia in July, 1634, describes his interviews with Clayborne and Captain Cornwallis, and passes an unfavorable judgment upon the former. Yong gives an account of various plots of Clayborne and other Virginians against the colony at St. Mary’s, and of Clayborne’s refusal to attend a conference which had been arranged for the adjustment of the controversy. The letter is printed in _Documents connected with the history of South Carolina_, edited by P. C. J. Weston, London, 1856, p. 29, and in 4 _Mass. Hist. Coll._ ix. p. 81 (Aspinwall Papers), and in the Appendix to Streeter’s _Papers Relating to the Early History of Maryland_.

* * * * *

There are scarcely any remains of the buildings erected in the Province before 1688. Lord Baltimore wrote to the Lords of the Committee for Trade and Plantations in 1678 that “the principal place or town is called St. Mary’s where the General Assembly and provincial court are kept, and whither all ships trading there do in the first place resort; but it can hardly be called a town, it being in length by the water about five miles, and in breadth upwards towards the land not above one mile,—in all which space, excepting only my own house and buildings wherein the said courts and offices are kept, there are not above thirty houses, and those at considerable distance from each other, and the buildings (as in all other parts of the Province), very mean and little, and generally after the manner of the meanest farm-houses in England. Other places we have none that are called or can be called towns, the people there not affecting to build near each other, but so as to have their houses near the water for convenience of trade, and their lands on each side of and behind their houses, by which it happens that in most places there are not above fifty houses in the space of thirty miles.”[891]

The principal building at St. Mary’s was the State House, erected in 1674, at a cost of 330,000 pounds of tobacco. In 1720 it was given to the parish of William and Mary to be used as a church; and in 1830, being very much decayed, it was pulled down, and a new edifice built in the neighborhood. Lord Baltimore’s house—called the Castle—stood on the plain of St. Mary’s, at the head of St. John’s Creek. The spot is marked by a few mouldering bricks and broken tiles, and a square pit overgrown with bushes.[892] At St. Inigoe’s manor, near St. Mary’s, there is preserved the original round table at which the first council sat, besides a few other relics.[893]

The earliest historian of Maryland was George Chalmers, whose _Political Annals of the present United Colonies_ was published in London in 1780. Chalmers was a Maryland lawyer, who returned to England at the outbreak of the Revolution. He had access to the English state papers in writing his work, and his account of Maryland is fair and, for the most part, accurate.[894]

The ablest man who has written upon the history of the Province was John V. L. McMahon. He was born in Cumberland, Maryland, in 1800, and, after graduating at Princeton, began the practice of the law in Maryland, where he soon became one of the leaders of a very able bar. The first volume of his _Historical view of the Government of Maryland from its Colonization to the Present Day_ was published in 1831. Though the author did not die till 1871, this volume was never followed by its promised successor. The manuscript of the second volume is in the possession of McMahon’s heirs. The volume published brings the history of the Province down to the Revolution, but its strictly historical part is less than one half of the whole, and treats the subject only in outline. The remainder of the book is devoted to an examination of the legal aspects of the charter, the sources of Maryland law, and the distribution of legislative power under the State government. The work is founded on an original study of the records, so far as was thought necessary for its limited historical scope.[895]

_The History of Maryland from its first settlement in 1633 to the Restoration in 1660_, in two volumes, by John Leeds Bozman, was published in 1837. The manuscript of this work was offered to the State in 1834, after the death of its author, on condition of its being printed within two years. The offer was accepted by the Legislature, and the book was published under its direction. The first volume is introductory, and the history of the Province proper is contained in the second volume. The work is based on an exact study of the original records, and is a very careful and accurate summary in great detail. Bozman did not have access to the papers preserved in the English state-paper office, and much other material has been brought to light since he wrote. His strict pursuance of the chronological order often results in sacrificing the interest of the narrative. The appendix to the second volume has a valuable collection of extracts from the records. The work as a whole may be said to furnish materials for the history of the Province rather than to be the finished history itself.[896]

_The History of Maryland from its first Settlement, in 1634, to the year 1848_, in one volume, by James McSherry, a lawyer of Frederick City, Maryland, was first published in 1849. It is written in an agreeable style, and, so far as relates to the period under consideration, gives a clear summary of the leading occurrences, but does not appear to have been founded on original investigation of the sources.

In Burnap’s _Life of Leonard Calvert_, published in Sparks’s _American Biography_,[897] there is an excellent history of the colony to the death of Governor Calvert in 1647. Dr. Burnap was for many years pastor of the Unitarian Church in Baltimore. His chief authorities were Bozman and Father White’s _Relatio Itineris_.

To Mr. George Lynn-Lachlan Davis, a member of the Baltimore Bar, who died a few years ago, is due the credit of having settled the vexed question of the religious faith of the legislators who passed the Toleration Act of 1649. His work was based on an examination of wills, rent-rolls, and other records. His conclusions are those stated in the preceding narrative. The result of his investigations was published in 1855 in a volume entitled, _The Day Star of American Freedom: or, The Birth and Early Growth of Toleration in the Province of Maryland_. It also contains a summary of all that is known of the entire personal history of each member of the Assembly of 1649.[898]

The Rev. E. D. Neill’s _Terra Mariæ: or, Threads of Maryland Colonial History_, published in 1867, is a digressive account of the career of the first Lord Baltimore, with some notices of men more or less connected with the Province in its early days. He quotes many letters of the seventeenth century, but rarely refers to the source from which he drew them.[899] What the volume contains relative to the internal affairs of the Province is not always accurate. Mr. Neill has published several pamphlets and articles on the early history of Maryland, in which he endeavors to show that Maryland never was a Roman Catholic colony, that a majority of the colonists were from the beginning Protestants, and that the Church of England was established by the charter.[900]

The latest and most comprehensive _History of Maryland_ is that by Mr. J. T. Scharf, in three octavo volumes, published in 1879. This work extends from the earliest period to the present day. Mr. Scharf publishes in full many valuable documents from the English state-paper office, among which is an English translation of the charter of Avalon.[901]

Histories of Kent, Cecil, and some other counties in the State have also been published.[902]

* * * * *

The subject of religious toleration in Maryland—its causes and significance—has given rise to much discussion both within and without the State. We shall refer only to a few of the many pamphlets and articles which have appeared on this topic. In 1845 the late John P. Kennedy delivered a discourse before the Maryland Historical Society on the _Life and Character of the first Lord Baltimore_. He maintained that toleration was in the charter and not in the Act of 1649, and that as much credit was due to the Protestant prince who granted as to the Catholic nobleman who received the patent, and that the settlement of the Province was mainly a commercial speculation. This discourse was reviewed in 1846 by Mr. B. U. Campbell, who contended with so much show of reason that the honor of the policy of toleration must be attributed to the Proprietary and the first settlers, that Mr. Kennedy felt called upon in the same year to reply to the review.[903] In 1855 the Rev. Ethan Allen published a pamphlet on _Maryland Toleration_, in which he upheld Clayborne’s side of the controversy with Lord Baltimore, denied that Maryland was a Catholic colony, and asserted that protection to all religions was guaranteed by the charter. This question was also referred to in the discussion between Mr. Gladstone and Cardinal Manning, concerning the Vatican decrees, in 1875. Cardinal Manning had pointed to the toleration established by Catholics in Maryland to refute Mr. Gladstone’s assertion that the Roman Church of this day would, if she could, use torture and force in matters of religious belief. Mr. Gladstone replied, in his _Vaticanism_, that toleration in Maryland was really defensive, and its purpose was to secure the free exercise of the Catholic religion, because it was apprehended that the Puritans would flood the Province.[904]

Students of Maryland history are fortunate in possessing an admirable edition of the laws of the Province, compiled in 1765 by Thomas Bacon, chaplain to the last Lord Baltimore. It contains all the laws then in force, and the titles of all the acts passed in the several assemblies from the settlement. There are references to the books where the different acts are recorded, and numerous notes upon historical and legal points.

The chief impetus to the study of the history of Maryland and to the preservation of its archives has been given by the Maryland Historical Society, which was organized in 1844.[905] One of the originators of this Society was Mr. Brantz Mayer, an accomplished man of letters, who until his death, two years ago, was active and efficient in promoting its welfare. The Society has a large membership and occupies a suitable building in Baltimore. Its library contains about 20,000 volumes, including nearly every book relating to the history of Maryland. The collection of manuscripts bearing upon the Colonial and Revolutionary history of the State is large and valuable. It has also many rare American maps, coins, and pamphlets, and a large collection of Maryland newspapers from the year 1728. The Society has published about eight volumes, relating chiefly to the history of Maryland. It now has a permanent publication fund, which it also owes to the generosity of George Peabody.

Notwithstanding the loss of many original records, there is still in the State archives an abundance of historical material which has never been adequately worked up by any writer. This material is now better known and more accessible than formerly. Many documents in the state-paper office are now being made known for the first time by the calendars published under the direction of the Master of the Rolls. It is probable that the papers in the British Museum and Bodleian Library will also be calendared. This varied treasure of interesting and important material relating to the provincial history of Maryland has never been thoroughly searched, and the history in which a satisfactory use of it is made remains to be written.

Signature of W. T. Brantly.]

INDEX.

[Reference is commonly made but once to a book if repeatedly mentioned in the text; but other references are made when additional information about the book is conveyed.]

AA, VAN DER, _Versameling_, 79, 188.

Abelin, J. P, 167.

Accomac, 147, 179.

Achter Kol, 429.

Acomenticus, charter of, 364;
river, 322.
_See_ Agamenticus.

Acosta, map in (1598), 196.

Acquines (Hawkins), 82.

Adams, _Annals of Portsmouth_, 366.

Adams, Charles-Francis, Jr., edits _Morton’s New English Canaan_, 348;
on “old planters” about Boston Harbor, 347.

Adams, Clement, 36, 41, 43, 44, 47.

Adams, C. K., _Manual of Historical Literature_, 166, 368.

Adams, Henry, on the Pocahontas story, 162.

Adams, J. Q., on the New England Confederacy, 354.

“Admiral”, ship, 171.

Adventurers in Virginia, 127.

Agamenticus, 190. _See_ Acomenticus.

Aggoncy, 184.

Agnese, Baptista, map (1554), 218;
his portolanos, 218.

Agostino, 77.

Agriculture in New England, 316.

Ahasimus, 422.

Aitzema, _Histoire_, 415.

Albany, 390, 407.

Alcocke, John, autog., 338.

Alden, John, in Duxbury, 272, 273;
autog., 268;
last survivor of the signers of the Pilgrims’ compact, 271.

Aldsworth, 321.

Alexander, James, 452;
his Bill in Chancery, 452.

Alexander, J. H., 556.

Alexander, Sir William, 327;
his map, 306, 341;
his grant, 299;
his _Encouragement to Colonies_, 305.

Alexandria, province of, 306.

Allard, C., view of New York, 416;
map of New York, 417.

Allard, _Minor Atlas_, 384,

Allen, Rev. Ethan, 556, 557, 560;
_St. Ann’s Parish_, 561;
_Maryland Toleration_, 561.

Allen, James, autog., 319.

Allen, Nathaniel, 479.

Allen, S. M., 562.

Allen, Zachariah, 377;
_Founding of Rhode Island_, 377.

Allerton, Isaac, 273, 276, 277;
autog., 268;
assistant, 275.

Allyn, John, 334;
autog, 335, 374.

Alsop, George, _Province of Maryland_, 555.

Amadas, Philip, 108, 111, 122.

Amazons, 118.

America, part of Asia, 69;
earliest English publications on, 199;
earliest instance of the name on maps, 214.

American Antiquarian Society, 344.

Amsterdam, English Brownists in, 261.

Amyrault, Moses, 474.

Anderson, J. S. M., _History of the Church of England in the
Colonies_, 155, 286.

Andress, Lawrence, 436.

Andringa, Joris, 397.

Andros, Sir Edmund, his rule in Plymouth, 282;
in Connecticut, 335;
in Rhode Island, 339;
governor of New York, 398, 429;
administration, 400;
knighted, 401;
vice-admiral, 401;
arrests Carteret, 401;
portrait, 402;
governor of New England, 407, 444;
New York added, 409;
in Massachusetts, 321;
imprisoned, 411;
interferes in New Jersey, 433, 434;
collects duties in New Jersey, 431.

_Andros Tracts_, 362.

Andrus, Silas, 371.

Anian straits, 68, 80, 203;
sought by Drake, 69;
gulf, 68;
regnum, 68.

“Ann”, ship, 292.

Ann, Cape. _See_ Cape Ann.

Annapolis in Maryland, 535, 561.

Anne Arundel county in Maryland, 535;
town, 557.

Anonaebo, 77.

Antillæ, 201.

Antinomian controversy, literature of, 349, 351, 352;
in Rhode Island, 336.

_Antiquary_, a London periodical, 160.

Apian’s map (1532), 199.

Appleton, W. S., 543.

Aquedneck, 336, 376, 377. _See_ Rhode Island.

Arber’s _English Garner_, 346.

Arboledo, Cape, 77.

_Archæologia Americana_, or Transactions of the American Antiquarian
Society, 123.

“Archangel”, ship, 175, 191.

Archdale, 324.

Archer, Gabriel, 130;
his Relation, 131;
his account of Newport’s explorations, 154.

Arctic regions, Cabot in, 36, 39;
discoveries in 1586, 42;
bibliographies, 97.
_See_ Northwest Passage.

Arembec, 170, 185. _See_ Norumbega.

Arenas, C. de las, 197, 213.

Argall, Samuel, 159, 301, 305;
arrested, 142;
expedition to Acadia, 140;
elected deputy-governor of Virginia, 141;
on the Maine coast, 178, 179, 193;
at Jamestown, 134, 139.

Arica, 67.

“Ark”, ship, 524.

Arlington, Lord, 150.

Armor, _Governors of Pennsylvania_, 475.

Armstrong, Edward, 510, 516;
edits Budd’s _Good Order_, 451;
edits the Penn Correspondence, 506;
on Penn’s landing, 513.

Arnold, James N., 381.

Arnold, S. G., _History of Rhode Island_, 376.

Arran, Earl of, 370.

Arundell, Earl of, 297.

Asher, G. M., _Hudson the Navigator_, 99, 104;
_List of Maps and Views of New York_, 417.

Ashley, Anthony, 207.

Ashton, Robert, _Works and Life of Robinson_, 286.

Aspinwall, Colonel Thomas, 350;
his library, 159;
on the Narragansett Patent, 379;
Papers, 164.

Assacumet, 180.

Astrolabe, 207.

Atherton Company, 338. _See_ Narragansett.

Atkinson, Joseph, _History of Newark_, 456.

Atlas, earliest marine, 207.

Atwater, E. E., _History of New Haven Colony_, 375.

Augusta (Me.), 365.

Austerfield, 283, 284;
map of vicinity, 259;
church at, 260.

Avalon, 519, 523;
charter, 561.

“Ayde”, ship, 87.

Baccalaos, 3, 9, 10, 12, 14, 26, 27, 29,32, 37, 42, 56, 101, 185,
203, 213, 215, 216.

Backus, Isaac, 377;
_History of New England_, 377;
_Church History of New England_, 377.

Bacon, Francis, aspersions on Ralegh, 120;
his _Declaration_ about Ralegh, 121;
autog., 121;
his _Certain Considerations_, 247;
_Controversies of the Church of England_, 217.

Bacon, Leonard, _Genesis of the New England Churches_, 285;
_Thirteen Historical Discourses_, 359, 371;
on New Haven’s civil government, 375.

Bacon, Nathaniel, Jr., 151.

Bacon, Thomas, 561;
_Laws of Maryland_, 561.

Bacon’s laws (Virginia), 152.

Bacon’s rebellion, 151;
authorities, 164.

Badajoz, junta at, 4, 48.

Baffin, William, 93;
autog., 94;
authorities, 99.

Baffin’s Bay, 99;
Luke Fox’s map, 98.

Bagaduce, 190.
_See_ Pentagöet.

Bagnall, Anthony, 131.

Bagnall, Walter, 322.

Baillie, R., _Anabaptism_, 288.

Baker, _Northamptonshire_, 457.

Balboa, 65.

Ballard, Edward, 210.

Baltimore, Lord. _See_ Calvert.

Baltimore (town), histories of, 561.

Bamfield, 483.

Bancroft, George, 154, 160, 162;
on the Cabots, 43;
controversy with Josiah Quincy, 378;
on the Quakers, 509.

Baptists, 228, 377;
in Pennsylvania, 494.

Barber, _Connecticut Historical Collections_, 375.

Barcia, _Ensayo Chronologico_, 48.

Barclay, Alex., 199, 202.

Barclay, David, 435.

Barclay, Robert, 435, 443;
governor of East Jersey, 436;
autog., 436;
his _Apology_, 436, 503.

Barclay, Robert (of our day), _Inner Life_, 251, 504.

Bardolo, G. G., 26.

Barentz, 217.

Barker, James N., _Settlements on the Delaware_, 463, 512.

Barker, J. W., _History of New Haven_, 372.

Barker, Thomas, 435; autog., 484.

Barlow, S. L. M., _Bibliotheca Barlowiana_, 159.

Barlow, William, _Navigator’s Supply_, 208.

Barlowe, Arthur, 108, 122.

Barney, C. G., 163.

Barret, Charles, 457.

Barrow, Sir John, _Chronological History of the Voyages to the Arctic
Regions_, 97;
_Life of Drake_, 79;
_Naval Worthies_, 102.

Barrowism, 219, 254.

Barry, J. S., _History of Massachusetts_, 286, 344;
and the Bradford MS., 286.

Bartlett, John Russell, _Bibliography of Rhode Island_, 354, 380;
_Naval History of Rhode Island_, 380;
_Catalogue of the Library of John Carter Brown_, 380;
edits _Rhode Island Records_, 377.

Bartlett, W. H., _Pilgrim Fathers_, 258, 284, 292.

Baudet, _Leven van Blaeu_, 216.

Bay Psalm-book, 350.

Baylie, _Dissuasive_, 351.

Baylies, Francis, _Memoir of New Plymouth_, 291.

Bayne, Peter, _English Puritanism_, 252.

Beach, _Indian Miscellany_, 167.

Beare, James, 102.

Beauvois, Eugene, _La Norambegue_, 184.

Becher on Frobisher, 103.

Bedford, Cape, 90, 91.

Beechey, _Voyage towards the North Pole_, 98.

Behaim, Martin, his astrolabe, 207;
globe, 212, 217;
life by Ghillany, 8.

Behring’s Straits, 69.

Belknap, Jeremy, _American Biography_, 94, 188, 291;
on Pilgrim history, 291;
founder of the Massachusetts Historical Society, 344;
his life, 344;
papers, 344, 368;
_History of New Hampshire_, 367.

Bell, C. H., on the Wheelwright deed, 366.

Belle isle, 213.

Belleforest, _Cosmographie_, 36.

Bellingham, Richard, governor of Massachusetts, 318.

Bennet, Richard, 148, 149, 537.

Bergen, 422, 428.

Bergenroth, 57.

Berkeley, John, 144, 145;
in New Jersey, 422;
autog., 422;
sells his right, 430.

Berkeley, Sir William, 147, 537;
autog., 147;
governor of Virginia, 149;
_Discourse_, 157.

Bermuda, 216;
Gates wrecked at, 134, 135, 156.

Bermuda in Virginia, 138.

Bernard, _Recueil de voiages_, 188.

Berry, John, 428, 436, 443.

Berry, Leonard, 118.

Bertius, Peter, 46.

_Beschrijvinghe van Virginia_, 415.

Besse, Joseph, on William Penn, 505;
_Sufferings of the People called Quakers_, 359, 503.

Beste, George, _True Discourse_, 36, 102, 204.

Bevan, Sylvanus, 475.

Beverley, Robert, _History of Virginia_,164.

Bezar, John, 479.

Bible, authority of the, 227, 229.

Biddle, Craig, 507.

Biddle, Richard, _Memoir of Sebastian Cabot_, 14, 43.

Biddle, William, 441.

Billings, Hammatt, 293.

Billington Sea, 272.

Binckes, 397.

Birch, Thomas, _Lives of Bacon_, 121;
General Dictionary, 121.

Biscayan fishermen, 12.

Bishop, George, _New England Judged_, 359.

Bishop, _History of American Manufactures_, 166.

Bittle, Edward, 515.

Blackstone, William, autog., 311.

Blackwell, Captain John, 495.

Blaeu map (1685) of New England, 381, 384;
atlas, 381;
globes, 216.

Blagrave, John, _Solace for Navigators_, 208.

Blanco, Cape, 8, 213.

Bland, Colonel Richard, 158.

Blaxton. _See_ Blackstone.

“Blessing”, ship, 134.

Block, Adrian, 376;
on the Connecticut River, 368.

Block Island, 382.

Blome, Richard, _Present State_, etc., 384, 449.

Bloody Point (Maine), 367.

Bloody Statute, The, 231.

Blue Hills (Massachusetts), 198, 342.
_See_ Cheviot Hills, Massachusetts Mount.

Blue Laws, 371, 372.

Blundeville, Thomas, _Universall Maps_, etc., 207;
his _Exercises_, 207, 208, 217.

Bodega Bay, 74, 75, 80.

Body of Liberties, 314, 350, 371.

Bollen, James, autog., 428.

Bollero’s map, 200.

Bolling, Robert, 141, 162.

Bolling, Thomas, 163.

Bonavista, Cape, 216.

Booth’s Bay, 191.

Bordone, _Libro_, 194.

Boston, 282, 283;
site of, visited by Smith, 179;
by Dermer, 183;
in Smith’s map, 198;
publication of its Record Commissioners, 343;
Harbor, old planters about, 347;
histories of, 362.

Boterus, _Welt-beschreibung_, 102.

Bourchier, Sir John, 300.

Bourje, T. P., map of New York, 418.

Bourne, Edward E., 210.

Bourne, William, _Regiment of the Sea_, 207, 208.

Bouton, Nathaniel, 363, 366;
edits _Provincial Papers_, 367.

Bowden, _Friends in America_, 314, 504, 508.

Bowen, C. W., _Boundary Disputes of Connecticut_, 374.

Bowen, _Geography_, 185, 188.

Boyle, Robert, 356;
autog., 356.

Bozman, J. L., 560;
_History of Maryland_, 559.

Bradford, Alden, _History of Massachusetts_, 344.

Bradford Club, 384.

Bradford, William, notices of him, 289;
_Plymouth Plantation_, 286, 289;
fac-simile of writing, 289, 292;
will, 289;
Bible, 289;
descendants, 289;
_Dialogues_, 289;
letter to Winthrop, 289;
his verses, 289;
part author of _Mourt’s Relation_, 290;
Letter-book, 291;
fac-simile of record of his baptism, 260;
autog., 268, 278;
at Plymouth, 273;
his manuscripts, 283;
life by Cotton Mather, 283.

Bradford, William, printer, 493, 515, 516.

Bradstreet, Simon, autog., 338.

Brain, James, 435.

Brant, Sebastian, _Ship of Fools_, 199, 201, 202.

Brantly, William T., “The English in Maryland”, 517.

Brasil Island, 101.

Brawnde, Edward, 181.

Brayton, G. A., _Defence of Gorton_, 354.

Brazil, Prisilia, 201;
Brasiliam, 201.

Breda, Treaty of, 395, 415, 421.

Bremen (Maine), 365.

Brent, Giles, 532.

Brent, Margaret, 459;
autog., 533.

Brereton, John, _Brief and True Relation_, 187.

Breton, Cape. _See_ Cape Breton.

Brevoort, J. C., his _Verrazano_, 12;
as an historical scholar, 20, 28, 41, 53;
drawings of old New York, 419, 420.

Brewster, Edward, 137.

Brewster, Jonathan, autog, 349.

Brewster, William, at Scrooby, 258;
teaching Elder, 277;
date of birth, 287;
printer while in Holland, 287;
life by Steele, 285, 287;
autog., 268, 287;
his library, 287;
at Leyden, 263;
in Duxbury, 273;
his sword, 274;
his chair, 278;
_Brief Relation of New England_, 192.

Brigham, William, on Jones of the “Mayflower”, 288;
edits _Plymouth Laws_, 292.

Brinley, George, 374;
_Catalogue of his Library_, 211;
rich in Connecticut history, 375.

Bristol (England), 2, 5.

Bristol (Maine), 365.

Bristol manuscripts, 53.

Brock, Robert A., “Virginia”, 127.

Brockenbrough, W. H., _History of Virginia_, 165.

Brockholls, Anthony, 398, 401, 402, 404, 435.

Brodhead, J. R., _History of New York_, 413, 414;
oration to commemorate the English Conquest, 414.

Bronson, Henry, on early government of Connecticut, 375.

Brook, Lord, 326, 331.

Brooks, N. C., 554.

Brown, Alexander, on Virginia history, 162.

Brown, B. F., 560.

Brown, G. W., _Civil Liberty in Maryland_, 559.

Brown, Henry Armitt, 456.

Brown, John, of Pemaquid, 321.

Brown, John Carter, his library, 380;
rich in Arctic books, 97; autog., 381.

Brown, Nicholas, 381.

Brown, Peter, 273.

Brown University, 381.

Browne, Fox, his _English Merchants_, 78.

Browne, Robert, and Brownists, 261;
his autog., 261.

Browning, Charles, 559.

Brownists, 219, 248, 261.

Bruce, E. C., 123.

Brun, Malte, _Histoire de la Géographie_, 195.

Brunswick (Maine), 365.

Brydges, Sir E., _Restituta_, 102.

Buck, W. J., _Montgomery County_, 509;
_Bucks County_, 510.

Buckley, John, 341.

Budd, Thomas, 441;
_Good Order_, etc., 450, 499.

Bugg, Francis, _Picture of Quakerism_, 503.

Bulfinch, Thomas, _Oregon and El Dorado_, 126.

Bulkley, Gershom, _People’s Right to Election_, 375.

Bulkley, Peter, autog., 356.

Bull, Henry, _Memoirs of Rhode Island_, 376.

Bullock, William, _Virginia impartially examined_, 157.

Burdett, George, 326.

Burk, John, _History of Virginia_, 165.

Burke, Edmund, _European Settlements_, 509.

Burke, Bernard, _Commoners_, 457;
_Landed Gentry_, 457.

Burleigh, Lord, 86.

Burlington (New Jersey), 432, 441, 456.

Burnap, _Life of Leonard Calvert_, 560.

Burnet, Gilbert, _Reformation_, 248.

Burney, _Voyages in the South Sea_, 78.

Burras, Anne, 132.

Burrough, Edward, 359;
autog., 359.

Burrough, Stephen, 207.

Burton, Robert, _English Hero_, 83.

Burtsell, R. L., New Jersey colonized by Catholics, 457.

Burwell, Nathaniel, 164.

Butler, B. F. (of New York), on Smith’s _History of New York_, 412.

Butler’s _Hudibras_, 237.

Butrigarius, 26.

Butten, William, 284.

Button, Sir Thomas, 93.

Button’s Bay, 96.

Buzzard’s Bay, 278.

Byllynge, Edward, 435, 440;
in New Jersey, 430;
autog., 430;
trustees of, 432;
dies, 442;
difficulties with the Province, 451;
tracts on the difficulty, 451.

Bylot, Robert, 93.

Byrd, Colonel William, 145, 148, 158, 159, 161.

Cabell, N. F., _Agriculture in Virginia_, 166.

Cabot, Anthony, 18.

Cabot, John, maps now lost, 8, 24, 35, 36;
license (1497-98), 43;
date of his discovery, 44;
career, 1, 52;
family, 3;
first voyage, 2, 8, 32, 33, 51, 216;
second voyage, 3, 8, 57;
first printed notice, 23;
letters patent, 37;
portrait, 58.

Cabot, Sebastian, _mappe monde_, 6;
described, 20, 217;
fac-simile, 22;
notices of, 24, 34, 43;
rejected by Kohl, 45;
career, 2, 12, 52;
voyage with Pert, 4;
in Spain, 4, 48;
portrait, 5, 31, 47, 58;
not a knight, 32;
earliest notice of, in print, by Peter Martyr, 14, 15;
life of, by Richard Biddle, 14, 43;
voyage of 1516-7, 28;
maps, 39, 41, 44, 45
lives of, 43;
intrigue with Venice, 49;
refuses to return to Spain, 51;
pension, 51, 56;
on ascertaining longitude, 207.

Cabot family, 58.

Cabrillo, 68.

“Cacafuego”, ship, 67.

Cadwalader, John, 464.

Cadwalader, R. M., _Law of Ground Rents_, 512.

Cæsar, Sir Julius, 47;
autog., 205.

Caines, island, 68.

Calamy’s _Nonconformist Memorial_, 252.

Campbell, B. U., 554, 561.

Campbell, Charles, _History of Virginia_, 164.

Campbell, J. W., _History of Virginia_, 164.

Campbell, Lord Neill, 443.

Campbell’s _Lives of the Admirals_, 102.

_Calendar of State-Papers_, 193, 343.
_See_ Sainsbury, Noel.

California, 67;
visited by Portuguese, 68;
gold, 72;
Gulf of, called “Mare Vermeo”, 79.

Callender, John, _Historical Discourse_, 376.

Callender, _Voyages_, 79.

Calvert, Cecilius, second Lord Baltimore, receives charter of
Maryland, 520;
his grants to settlers, 528;
appoints Protestants to office, 533;
deposed by Charles II, 536;
struggles to preserve his province, 537, 539, 540;
succeeds, 541;
his quit-rents, 544;
portrait, 546, 558;
dies, 547;
Papers, 558;
tracts, 554.

Calvert, Charles, third Lord Baltimore, 542, 547;
contest with Penn, 548;
struggles to preserve his province, 552;
autog., 542.

Calvert, George, first Lord Baltimore, 517;
autog., 146, 518;
portrait, 518, 558;
made Baron Baltimore, 519;
a Roman Catholic, 519;
in Newfoundland, 519;
in Virginia, 519;
arms, 520, 558;
dies, 520;
his descendants, 520;
tracts, 553, 554.

Calvert, George, the younger, 524.

Calvert, Leonard, 147, 459, 524, 555;
autog., 524;
dies, 533;
life by Burnap, 560.

Calvert, Philip, 556;
autog., 535.

Calvert, Philip, the younger, 540, 542.

Calvert pedigree, 559.

Cambridge Platform, 314, 334, 354.

Cambridge, Press at, 350.

Camden Hills (Maine), 176, 190, 191.

Canada, 101, 213, 216;
as an island, 203.

Canada Company, 327.

Canaries, islands, as the first meridian, 214.

Candish. _See_ Cavendish.

Cantino’s map, 218.

Cape Ann, 311;
settlement at, 346.

Cape Breton discovered, 2;
landfall of Cabot, 24, 56;
mentioned, 101, 201, 213, 216.

Cape Cod, 381;
visited by Gosnold, 173;
on the old maps, 197;
Pilgrims at, 267;
plan of the harbor, 270.

Cape Fear, 213.

Cape. _See_ the various names of capes.

Captain’s Hill, 272, 273, 284.

Captivities, a hobby of collectors, 361.

Carey’s Swan’s Nest, 93.

Carleill, J., _Discourse_, 205.

Carpenter, Samuel, 493.

Carr, Sir Robert, 421;
in Maine, 364;
autog., 388, 422.

Cartagena, 63, 80.

Cataya. _See_ Cathay.

Cates, Thomas, _Summary_, 82.

_Carter-Brown Catalogue_. _See_ Brown, John Carter.

Carteret, Sir George, in New Jersey, 422;
autog, 423;
receives new grant, 430;
dies, 433.

Carteret, James, 427.

Carteret, Philip, governor, 424, 430;
autog., 424;
hostility to his government, 426;
relations with Andros, 433;
imprisoned, 434.

Cathay, 3, 88, 91.

Cartier’s _Voyage_, 204.

Cartwright, Colonel George, autog., 388.

Cartwright’s _Admonition_, 233.

Carver, John, 284;
at Leyden, 263;
governor, 271;
his sword, 274;
dies, 274;
his chair, 278.

Cary, Colonel Archibald, 145.

Casco, 190, 382;
Treaty of, 361.

Cass, Lewis, 515.

Castine (Maine), 190, 365.
_See_ Bagaduce, Pentagöet.

Caulkins, Miss, _History of Norwich_, 375;
_History of New London_, 375.

Cavendish, Thomas, 74, 77;
in Virginia, 111;
portrait, 83;
voyages, 84.

Cayley, Arthur, _Life of Ralegh_, 121.

Cedri, island, 67, 68.

Cecil, Sir Robert, 517;
autog., 206.

Ceely, Christopher, 82.

Chaffin, John, 441.

Challer’s Cape, 90.

Chalmers, George, _Political Annals_, 159, 340, 414, 559;
_Revolt of the American Colonies_, 559.

Chamberlain, Joshua, _Maine, her Place in History_, 190, 210, 211,
366.

Champernoun, 365, 366.

Champernoun, Henry, 105.

Champernoun, Sir Philip, 105.

Champlain on the New England coast, 174;
On the Maine coast, 191, 193.

Champlain, Lake, 327, 381, 382, 383, 384.

Chandler, Peleg W., _Criminal Trials_, 349.

Charles II. proclaimed in Massachusetts, 316;
dies, 406.

Charles City, 147.

“Charles”, ship, 95.

Charlton Island, 95.

Charter Oak, 375.
_See_ Connecticut.

Chasteaux, 213.

Chauveton, _Histoire Nouvelle du Nouveau Monde_, 36.

Chaves, Alonzo de, 49.

Cheever, _Journal of the Pilgrims_, 290.

Chesapeake Bay, 213, 216;
De Laet’s map (1630), 125;
explored by John Smith, 131;
maps of 167, 465, 501, 525;
visited by Spaniards, 167.
_See_ Virginia, maps of.

Chester, Joseph L., 364.

Chester (Pennsylvania), 483.

Cheviot Hills (in Massachusetts), 198, 342.
_See_ Blue Hills.

Chiapanak, 213.

Chicheley, Sir Henry, 151, 152.

Child, Major John, 354.

Child, Dr. Robert, 354;
_New England’s Jonas_, 354, 355.

Childley, Catharine, _Independent Churches_, 288.

Chilton, Mary, 272.

China, Gulf of, 67;
routes through the continent to, 183.

Christison, Wenlock, 505; autog., 314.

“Christopher”, ship, 65.

Church, Colonel Benjamin, his sword, 274;
autog., 361;
notes on Philip’s War, etc., 361;
spurious portrait, 361.

Church, Thomas, autog., 361;
_Entertaining Passages_, 361;
edited by Dr. H. M. Dexter, 361.

Church members. _See_ Freemen.

Churchill, Charles, his likeness passed off for Colonel Church’s, 361.

Churchill’s _Voyages_, 96.

Churchyard, Thomas, on _Frobisher’s Voyage_, 36, 204.

Chytræus, _Variorum in Europa Itinerum Deliciæ_, 9, 21, 45, 46.

Cibola, 80.

Cimaronnes, 65.

Cladera, _Investigaciones_, 212.

Claesz, _Voyages_, 79.

Claiborne. _See_ Clayborne.

Clarendon, Lord, 310.

_Clarendon Papers_, 414.

Clark, Daniel, autog., 374.

Clark, James S., _Congregational Churches_, 285.

Clark, Dr. John, portrait, 315.

Clark’s Island, 271, 272.

Clarke, Dorus, 372.

Clarke, John (sectary), 220.

Clarke, John, of Rhode Island, 336, 337, 338.

Clarke, Dr. John, 378;
_Ill Newes from New England_, 358, 378.

Clarke, Sir Richard, 187.

Clarke, R. H., 415, 554, 561.

Clarke, Samuel, _Life of Drake_, 83.

Clarke, _Maritime Discovery_, 205.

Clarkson, Thomas, _Life of Penn_, 505;
_Portraiture of Quakerism_, 504.

Claudia, island, 213, 216.

Clayborne, William, 144, 146, 148, 458, 522, 526;
incites the Indians, 527;
war with Baltimore, 527;
regains Kent Island, 532;
his rebellion, 533;
disappears, 542;
commissioner, 537;
in the archives, 556;
Yong’s account of, 558;
defended, 561, 562.

Claypoole, James, 481, 492, 497;
autog., 484;
his letter-book, 497.

Cleeves, George, 322, 323.

Clement, John, _History of Fenwicke’s Colony_, 456.

Clerk, Robert, 212.

Cluverius, _Introductio_, etc., 184.

Clyfton, Richard, 259, 262.

Coale, James, autog., 273.

Coale, Josiah, 473, 476, 505.

Coast names in maps, 197.

Cobbett, Thomas, _Civil Magistrate’s Power_, 378.

Cod, Cape. _See_ Cape Cod.

Coddington, William, 377;
in Rhode Island, 336;
autog., 336;
portrait, 378;
commission as governor revoked, 378;
controversy with Massachusetts, 378;
_Demonstration of True Love_, 378;
deed to, 379.

Coddington usurpation, 337, 377.
_See_ Rhode Island.

Codrington, Thomas, 437, 443.

Coffin, Joshua, _History of Newbury_, 315.

Coke, Sir Edward, 300, 307.

Colburn, Jeremiah, _Bibliography of Massachusetts_, 292, 363.

Colden, Cadwallader, on Smith’s _History of New York_, 412.

Coleman, James, _Pedigree of Penn Family_, 507.

Colliber, S., _Columna Restrata; or English Sea Affairs_, 84, 124.

Collier, J. P., _Rarest Books in the English Language_, 154.

Collier, William, 266.

Collinson, Richard, _Voyages of Frobisher_, 99, 102.

Columbia College, 411.

Columbus’ third voyage, 218.

Colve, Anthony, 397.

Commelin, Isaac, _Begin en Voortgangh_, 79.

Commerce of New England, 316.

Comokee, 216.

Compass (sea), 208.

Conant, Roger, 311.

“Concord”, ship, 172.

Congregationalism a modification of Barrowism, 254;
bibliography of, 246, 285, 293.

Connecticut, first settled, 310;
“Old Patent”, 310;
history of, 330;
first constitution, 330;
secures a charter, 334, 374;
_quo warranto_ against its charter, 335;
charter concealed, 335;
first book printed in, 334;
sources of its history, 368;
origin of name, 368;
Indian names in, 368;
the three towns, 368;
original constitution of them, 368;
Say patent, 369;
notes on the constitutions, 369;
royal letters to the governors, 369;
laws, 334, 371, 374, 375;
capital laws, 371;
disputes with the Dutch, 373;
education in, 373;
charter uniting New Haven, 334, 373;
colonial secretaries, 374;
genealogies, 375;
early constitutions, 375;
quarrels with Rhode Island, 374;
boundary disputes, 374;
_Records_ published, 375;
histories of, 375;
laws under Andros, 375;
local histories, 375;
_Gazetteer_, 376;
bounds with New York, 391, 398, 399, 405, 414;
claims to land in Pennsylvania, 463.
_See_ New Haven.

Connecticut River explored, 368;
rights of the Dutch to, 369;
English settle on it, 369;
map (1666), 333.

Connecticut Valley Historical Society, 344.

Conner, P. S. P., _Sir William Penn_, 506.

Conrad, R. T., 513.

Constable’s hook, 422.

Constitution of Government, first written, 330.

Contarini, 49.

Converse, J. H., 533.

Convicts sent to Virginia, 152, 160, 545.
_See_ Virginia.

Coode, John, 548;
his rebellion, 551.

Cooke, John, 283;
autog., 268.

Cooley, W. D., 82.

Cooper, Captain Michael, 181.

Cooper, Thomas, 435.

Coote, C. H., 215.

Cope, Gilbert, 510.

Copiapo, 67.

Copland, Rev. Patrick, 144, 166.

Copley, Sir Lionel, 553.

Copper in New England, 197.

Cornelius, Cape, 489.

Cornell, W. M., _History of Pennsylvania_, 509.

Cornwall county, Maine, 325.

Cornwallis, Thomas, 524, 528;
autog., 524.

Coronelli, map of New England, 384.

Cortambert, E., 217.

Cortereal, 56, 69;
Terra Cortesia, 201;
Cortereali, 201.

Cortes, Martin, _Art of Navigation_, 207.

Cortes’ conquest of New Spain, 204.

Cosa, Juan de la, his map, 2, 8, 194, 217;
fac-simile, 8.

_Cosmographiæ Introductio_, 214.

Cothren, W., _Ancient Woodbury_, 375.

Cotton, John, writings, 255;
_Way of the Churches Cleared_, 334, 351;
_Moses, his Judicials_, 350;
portrait, 351;
his books, 351;
controversy with Roger Williams, 351, 378;
with Hooker, 352;
_Bloudy Tenet_,351;
_Keyes of Heaven_, 351;
_Milk for Babes_, 352;
and the Cambridge Platform, 354;
tracts edited by Guild, 377.

Cotton, John, of Plymouth, autog., 356.

Cotton, Josiah, 291.

Coxe, Brinton, 452.

Coxe, Daniel, 442.

Cozones, island, 79.

Cradock, Mathew, 311;
autog., 311.

Craig, Neville B., 514.

Crandall, John, 378.

Crane Bay, 382.
_See_ Plymouth.

Craney Island, 111.

Crashaw, Ralegh, 132.

Crashaw, William, 136;
sermon, 155.

Cressap, Thomas, 514.

Creuxius, map of New England, 382;
_Historia Canadensis_, 382.

Crispin, William, 479.

Croatoan, 112.

Croese, Gerard, _Historia Quakeriana_, 503, 504.

Crosby, _Early Coins of America_, 543.

Cross-staff, 207, 208.

Croswell, Edwin, 372.

Croswell, Rev. Harry, 372.

Croswell, Sherman, 372.

Croswell, Rev. William, 372.

_Crowninshield Catalogue_, 206.

Cruden, _History of Gravesend_, 207.

Cuba, name applied to North America, 201.

Cudworth, James, 359.

Cullick, John, autog., 374.

Culpepper, Lord, 150, 152.

Cumberland Isles, 90, 91.

Cunningham, William, _Cosmographicall Glasse_, 200.

Curteis, G. H., Bampton Lectures,—_Dissent in its Relation to the
Church of England_, 252, 253.

Cushman, David Q., _History of Sheepscot_, 365.

Cushman, Mary, 283.

Cushman, Robert, at Leyden, 263;
negotiates in London, 266;
in Plymouth, 275;
his _Sermon_, 290.

Cushman, Thomas, autog., 271.

_Cushman Genealogy_, 291.

Cutt, John, 330.

Cuttyhunk, 173, 188.

Cyppo Bay, 67.

Dale, Sir Thomas, 137;
governor of Virginia, 138;
sails for England, 141.

Dalrymple, E. A., 554;
dies, 554;
his library, 554.

Dalrymple, Sir John, 559.

Daly, Charles P., _Early History of Cartography_, 9, 218.

Damariscotta River, 190.

Damariscove Islands, 191.

Danby, Sir Thomas, 458.

Danckaerts, _see_ Dankers.

Danckers’ _Atlas_, 417;
map of New York, 417.

Danforth, Thomas, in Maine, 326;
autog., 326.

Dankers, Jasper, _Journal_, 420.

Dankers’ and Sluyter’s _Journal_, 505, 558.

Danvers, Sir John, 158.

Dapper, _Die unbekante neue Welt_, 184.

Dare, Virginia, 114.

Darnall, C., 511.

D’Avezac, 217.

Davenant, Sir William, 536.

Davenport, John, portrait, 332;
autog., 332;
_Civil Government in a New Plantation_, 371;
memoir by Dexter, 375.

Davies, James, _Voyage to Sagadahoc_, 192.

Davies, Richard, autog, 484.

Da Vinci, Leonardo, his map, 14, 214.

Davis, G. L. L., _Daystar of American Freedom_, 560.

Davis, J., _First Settlers of Virginia_, 162.

Davis, Judge John, 291.

Davis, John, of Sandridge, navigator, 73, 99;
voyages, 89;
autog., 89;
authorities, 99;
his _World’s Hydrographical Description_, 99, 205;
his maps, 99;
_Seaman’s Secrets_, 207.

Davis, John, of Limehouse, 99.

Davis, William T., on the Pilgrims, 284, 290.

Davis, W. W. H., _Bucks County_, 510.
Davis Straits, 89.

Davis Island, 90.

Davison, William, 258.

_Day-breaking, The_, 355.

Day, Sherman, _Historical Collections_, 508.

Daye, Stephen, 350.

Dealy, P. F., 415.

Dean, John Ward, _Memoir of Nathaniel Ward_, 350.

Deane, Charles, his library, _passim_;
on the Cabots, 1;
on Virginia history, 153-155, 158, 159, 167;
on the Smith-Pocahontas story, 161;
edits Hakluyt’s _Westerne Planting_, 208;
notice of J. G. Kohl, 209;
on the Popham question, 210;
on Smith’s _New England Trials_, 211;
on John Smith, 212;
interest in Pilgrim _History_, 259, 260, 284, 285;
edits _Plymouth Patent_, 275;
edits Bradford’s _History_, 286;
edits Bradford’s _Dialogue_, 289;
on Roger Williams, 290;
edits Cushman’s _Sermon_, 291;
on “New England”, 295;
on the Narragansett Patent, 379;
on J. F. Watson, 509.

De Bry, _Voyages_, 123, 167.

De Bure globe, 214.

De Costa, B. F., on “Norumbega”, 169;
_Northmen in Maine_, 185;
_Cabo de Baxos_, 188, 197;
_Footprints of Miles Standish_, 290;
edits _Voyage to Sagadahoc_, 190, 192;
_Hudson’s Sailing Directions_, 193;
_Mount Desert_, 194;
_Verrazano the Explorer_, 199.

Dee, Dr. John, 196;
his map (1580), 196;
diary, 171, 196.

Deerfield, attack on, 384.

De Forest, J. W., _Indians of Connecticut_, 368.

De Laet, his map of Virginia, 125;
map of the Chesapeake, 167;
_Nieuwe Wereldt_, 184;
map of New England, 381.

Delafield, M. L., 412.

Delaware Bay, 137, 423, 465.

Delaware, northern bounds of, 477;
bought by Penn, 480;
confirmed to Penn, 489;
mentioned, 548, 549.

De la Warre, Lord, _Relation_, 81, 156;
governor of Virginia, 133;
autog., 133;
goes to Virginia, 136;
in Virginia, 142;
portrait, 142;
autog., 156.

“Deliverance”, ship, 136.

Delfthaven, 293;
Pilgrims at, 267.

Demarcation, papal line of, 4.

Denison, Daniel, autog., 338.

Denison, George, autog., 338.

Dennis, Robert, 148.

Dennis, Samuel, 437.

Denonville, 415;
and the Iroquois, 408.

Denton, Daniel, _Brief Description of New York_, 419.

De Peyster, General J. W., 415.

De Quir, 104.

Derby (Connecticut), 375.

Dermer, Captain, 181-183, 194.

Desolation, land, 91, 100.

De Vries, David Pieterson, 422.

Dexter, F. B., “The Pilgrim Church and Plymouth Colony”, 257;
_Life of John Davenport_, 375;
on Gotfe and Whalley, 375;
on relations of New Netherland and New England, 375.

Dexter, George, _First Voyage of Gilbert_, 187.

Dexter, Henry M., _Congregationalism_, 238, 239, 245, 246, 293;
his historical labors, 246;
his bibliography of Congregationalism, 246;
Visits to Scrooby, 284, 285;
interest in Pilgrim history, 285;
explores their Leyden life, 288;
edits _Mourt’s Relation_, 288, 290;
edits Church’s _Entertaining Passages_, 361;
_As to Roger Williams_, 378;
recovers a tract by Williams, 378.

“Diamond”, ship, 134.

_Diarium Europæum_, 496.

Digges, Sir Dudley, 94, 103.

Digges, Edward, 149.

Diman J. L., edits Cotton’s Reply to Williams, 378.

Dipping-needle, 207.

“Discovery”, ship, 91-93, 128, 173, 289.

Disraeli, Isaac, _Amenities of Literature_, 122.

Dissenters, 221;
in Virginia, 148.
_See_ Nonconformists.

Dixon, Jeremiah, autog., 489.

Dixon, William Hepworth, _William Penn_, 306.

Dixwell, Colonel John, 374.
_See_ Regicides.

“Dominus Vobiscum”, ship, 185.

Doncker, Hendrick, New England in his _Paskaert_, 382.

Dongan, Colonel Thomas, 439;
governor of New York, 403, 407;
autog., 403;
checks Penn’s attempt to extend bounds of Pennsylvania, 404;
retires, 409;
references, 415.

Doppelmayr, 212.

Dorchester Antiquarian Society, 344.

Dorchester Fishing Company, 311.

Dort, Benjamin, 509.

Dorr, H. C., _Planting of Providence_, 377.

Doughty executed, 66.

Douglass, William, 346;
_Summary of British Settlements_, etc., 346.

“Dove”, ship, 524.

Dover (New Hampshire), 327;
Neck, 326;
Hilton patent of, 367.
_See_ Hilton.

Downing, Sir George, 333;
intrigues of, 387, 389;
pamphlets against, 415;
his agency, 415;
Downingiana, 415.

Doyle, J. A., _The English in America_, 168.

Drake, Francis, 207;
with Hawkins, 63;
called “The Dragon”, 64;
voyages to West Indies, 64;
autog., 65;
sees the Pacific, 65;
voyage round the world, 65;
on northwest coast, 69;
and the Indians, 70;
takes possession of the country, 72;
authorities, 79;
_World Encompassed_, 74, 79;
_Sir Francis Drake Revived_, 79, 82;
discovers California coast, 465;
at home, 73;
knighted, 73;
again with Hawkins, 73;
dies, 73;
crowned by the Indians, 80;
_Le Voyage de Drack_, 79;
_Le Voyage Curieux_, 79;
_Expeditio Francisci Draki_, 80;
portrait, 81, 84, 168, 465;
his library, 81;
Cates’s _Summary_, 82, 123;
expedition with Norris, 82;
his log-book, 82;
Maynarde’s account, 82;
lives of, 83;
bibliography of, 84;
_Journalen van drie Voyagien_, 84;
latest notices, 84;
at Roanoke Island, 112;
on the New England coast, 188.

Drake, S. G., _Researches among the British Archives_, 160;
_Book of the Indians_, 290;
editor of Baylies’ _New Plymouth_, 291;
accounts of, 360;
reprints tracts on Philip’s War, 360;
_Old Indian Chronicle_, 360;
_Narrative Remarks_, 361;
_History of King Philip’s War_, 361;
edits Increase Mather’s _Early History of New England_, 361;
edits Hubbard’s _Narrative_, 361;
edits Church’s _Entertaining Passages_, 361;
_History of Boston_, 362;
_Memoir of Prince_, 346.

Drake’s Bay, 69;
where was it? 74, 80.

Dresser, Matthæus, _Historien von China_, 123.

Drew, John, 91.

Drogeo, 90, 101.

Drummond, John, 435.

Du Creux. _See_ Creuxius.