Chapter VI: Munsee Crania: Orbits,30 Nose31

MALES
-----------------------------------+--------------------------------
Orbits | Nose
--------+------+-------+-----------+-------+------+-------+---------
| Mean | Mean | Mean | | | |
Number |height|breadth| index |Number |Height|Breadth| Index
| (a) | (b) | (b×100)/a | | | |(B×100)/H
--------+------+-------+-----------+-------+------+-------+---------
|_cm._ |_cm._ | | | _cm._| _cm._ |
285,313 | 3.2 | 4.1 | 78.1 |285,303| 5.0 | 2.2 | 44.0
285,308 | 3.4 | 3.95 | 86.1 |285,326| 5.0 | 2.35 | 47.0
285,303 | 3.4 | 3.9 | 87.2 |285,301| 5.45 | 2.6 | 47.7
285,305 | 3.6 | 4.05 | 87.2 |285,305| 5.0 | 2.5 | 50.0
285,306 | 3.35 | 3.75 | 89.3 |285,308| 5.3 | 2.8 | 52.8
285,326 | 3.3 | 3.6 | 91.7 |285,306| 5.0 | 2.9 | 58
285,301 | 3.6 | 3.9 | 92.9 |285,313| 5.15 | 3.0 | 58.3
+------+-------+-----------+-------+------+-------+---------
| (7) | (7) | (7) | — | (7) | (7) | (7)
Averages| 3.4 | 3.9 | 87.5 | — | 5.1 | 2.6 | 51.1
--------+------+-------+-----------+-------+------+-------+---------
FEMALES
--------+------+-------+-----------+-------+------+-------+-----------
285,321 | 3.3 | 3.8 |86.8 |285,304| 5.3 | 2.5 | 47.7
285,310 | 3.4 | 3.85 |88.3 |285,302| 4.9 | 2.4 | 49
285,307 | 3.5 | 3.85 |90.3 |285,347| 5.0 | 2.5 | 50
285,309 | 3.3 | 3.65 |90.4 |285,309| 4.9 | 2.6 | 53.1
285,327 | 3.4 | 3.6 |94.4 |285,310| 5.0 | 2.7 | 54
285,304 | 3.5 | 3.7 |94.6 |285,327| 4.8 | 2.6 | 54.2
285,302 | 3.55 | 3.65 |97.9 |285,320| 4.9 | 2.7 | 55.1
| — | — | — |285,307| 4.8 | 2.7 | 56.3
| — | — | — |285,321| 5.2 | 3 | 57.7
+------+-------+-----------+-------+------+-------+-----------
| (7) | (7) | (7) | — | (9) | (9) | (9)
Averages| 3.4 | 3.72 | 91.7 | — | 5.0 | 2.65 | 52.9
--------+------+-------+-----------+-------+------+-------+-----------

[30] Arranged on the basis of the Orbital Index.

[31] Arranged on the basis of the Nasal Index.

The average orbital index in the female Munsee is higher than that in the males, as is generally the case, a fact directly due to the heavier development of the supraorbital region in the males.

The _nose_ in many of the individual Munsee, in conformity with the rest of the upper face, was rather short, but occasionally it was quite broad. The indexes, according to Broca’s classification, give four instances (25 per cent; 3 m., 1 f.) of leptorhinic, four cases (25 per cent; 2 m., 2 f.) of mesorhinic, and eight cases (50 per cent; 3 m., 5 f.) of moderately platyrhinic nasal aperture, the averages falling both in mesorhiny. The usual accompaniments of platyrhiny in the negro nose, however, are invariably absent, the inferior borders of the aperture being moderately sharp and the bridge showing generally a fair development.

PROGNATHISM

Measurements relating to prognathism include three basal diameters, namely, from basion to prosthion, the subnasal point and nasion; and the subnasal (alveolar) height, with the heights from prosthion and the subnasal point to nasion. These lines connected give us, in skulls in which the facial parts are well preserved, the angle of the face as a whole and also the alveolar angle, which it is important to measure separately.

MALE SKULL, NO. 99-6669, A.M.N.H., FROM MANHATTAN ISLAND (FRONT VIEW)]