Chapter XVIII: Part 18

4. Sour; unpleasant in taste; -- said of wine, beer, etc., not properly fermented; -- also of grapes which have the coarse flavor of the fox grape.

Foy (foi), n. [F. foi, old spelling foy, faith. See Faith.] 1. Faith; allegiance; fealty. [Obs.] Spenser.

2. A feast given by one about to leave a place. [Obs.]

He did at the Dog give me, and some other friends of his, his foy,
he being to set sail to-day.

Pepys.

||Foy`er" (?), n. [F., fr. LL. focarium fireplace. See Focus, n.] 1. A ||lobby in a theater; a greenroom.

2. The crucible or basin in a furnace which receives the molten metal. Knight.

Foy"son (?), n. [Obs.] See Foison.

Fo"zi*ness (?), n. The state of being fozy; spiritlessness; dullness. [Scot.]

[The Whigs'] foziness can no longer be concealed.

Blackwood's.

Fo"zy (?), a. Spongy; soft; fat and puffy. [Scot.]

Fra (fr), adv. & prep. [OE.] Fro. [Old Eng. & Scot.]

Fra (fr), n. [It., for frate. See Friar.] Brother; -- a title of a monk or friar; as, Fra Angelo. Longfellow.

Frab (?), v. i. & t. To scold; to nag. [Prov. Eng.]

Frab"bit (?), a. Crabbed; peevish. [Prov. Eng.]

Fra"cas (fr"kas; F. fr`k‰"; 277), n. [F., crash, din, tumult, It. fracasso, fr. fracassare to break in pieces, perh. fr. fra within, among (L. infra) + cassare to annul, cashier. Cf. Cashier, v. t.] An uproar; a noisy quarrel; a disturbance; a brawl.

Frache (frsh), n. A shallow iron pan to hold glass ware while being annealed.

Frac"id (?), a. [L. fracidus mellow, soft.] Rotten from being too ripe; overripe. [Obs.] Blount.

Fract (frkt), v. t. [L. fractus, p. p. of frangere to break.] To break; to violate. [Obs.] Shak.

Frac"ted, a. (Her.) Having a part displaced, as if broken; -- said of an ordinary. Macaulay.

Frac"tion (?), n. [F. fraction, L. fractio a breaking, fr. frangere, fractum, to break. See Break.] 1. The act of breaking, or state of being broken, especially by violence. [Obs.]

Neither can the natural body of Christ be subject to any fraction
or breaking up.

Foxe.

2. A portion; a fragment.

Some niggard fractions of an hour.

Tennyson.

3. (Arith. or Alg.) One or more aliquot parts of a unit or whole number; an expression for a definite portion of a unit or magnitude.

Common, or Vulgar, fraction, a fraction in which the number of equal parts into which the integer is supposed to be divided is indicated by figures or letters, called the denominator, written below a line, over which is the numerator, indicating the number of these parts included in the fraction; as Ω, one half, , two fifths. -- Complex fraction, a fraction having a fraction or mixed number in the numerator or denominator, or in both. Davies & Peck. -- Compound fraction, a fraction of a fraction; two or more fractions connected by of. -- Continued fraction, Decimal fraction, Partial fraction, etc. See under Continued, Decimal, Partial, etc. -- Improper fraction, a fraction in which the numerator is greater than the denominator. -- Proper fraction, a fraction in which the numerator is less than the denominator.

Frac"tion, v. t. (Chem.) To separate by means of, or to subject to, fractional distillation or crystallization; to fractionate; -- frequently used with out; as, to fraction out a certain grade of oil from pretroleum.

Frac"tion*al (?), a. 1. Of or pertaining to fractions or a fraction; constituting a fraction; as, fractional numbers.

2. Relatively small; inconsiderable; insignificant; as, a fractional part of the population.

Fractional crystallization (Chem.), a process of gradual and approximate purification and separation, by means of repeated solution and crystallization therefrom. -- Fractional currency, small coin, or paper notes, in circulation, of less value than the monetary unit. -- Fractional distillation (Chem.), a process of distillation so conducted that a mixture of liquids, differing considerably from each other in their boiling points, can be separated into its constituents.

Frac"tion*al*ly, adv. By fractions or separate portions; as, to distill a liquid fractionally, that is, so as to separate different portions.

Frac"tion*a*ry (?), a. Fractional. [Obs.]

Frac"tion*ate (?), v. t. To separate into different portions or fractions, as in the distillation of liquids.

Frac"tious (?), a. [Cf. Prov. E. frack forward, eager, E. freak, fridge; or Prov. E. fratch to squabble, quarrel.] Apt to break out into a passion; apt to scold; cross; snappish; ugly; unruly; as, a fractious man; a fractious horse.

Syn. -- Snappish; peevish; waspish; cross; irritable; perverse; pettish.

-- Frac"tious*ly, v. -- Frac"tious*ness, n.

Frac"tur*al (?; 135), a. Pertaining to, or consequent on, a fracture. [R.]

Frac"ture (?; 135), n. [L. fractura, fr. frangere, fractum, to break: cf. F. fracture. See Fraction.] 1. The act of breaking or snapping asunder; rupture; breach.

2. (Surg.) The breaking of a bone.

3. (Min.) The texture of a freshly broken surface; as, a compact fracture; an even, hackly, or conchoidal fracture.

Comminuted fracture (Surg.), a fracture in which the bone is broken into several parts. -- Complicated fracture (Surg.), a fracture of the bone combined with the lesion of some artery, nervous trunk, or joint. -- Compound fracture (Surg.), a fracture in which there is an open wound from the surface down to the fracture. -- Simple fracture (Surg.), a fracture in which the bone only is ruptured. It does not communicate with the surface by an open wound.

Syn. -- Fracture, Rupture. These words denote different kinds of breaking, according to the objects to which they are applied. Fracture is applied to hard substances; as, the fracture of a bone. Rupture is oftener applied to soft substances; as, the rupture of a blood vessel. It is also used figuratively. "To be an enemy and once to have been a friend, does it not embitter the rupture?" South.

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Frac"ture (?; 135), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fractured (#; 135); p. pr. & vb. n.. Fracturing.] [Cf. F. fracturer.] To cause a fracture or fractures in; to break; to burst asunder; to crack; to separate the continuous parts of; as, to fracture a bone; to fracture the skull.

||FrÊn"u*lum (?), n.; pl. FrÊnula (#). [NL., dim. of L. fraenum a ||bridle.] (Anat.) A frÊnum.

{ FrÊ"num (?), or Fre"num }, n.; pl. E. FrÊnums (#), L. FrÊna (#). [L., a bridle.] (Anat.) A connecting fold of membrane serving to support or restrain any part; as, the frÊnum of the tongue.

Frag"ile (?), a. [L. fragilis, from frangere to break; cf. F. fragile. See Break, v. t., and cf. Frail, a.] Easily broken; brittle; frail; delicate; easily destroyed.

The state of ivy is tough, and not fragile.

Bacon.

Syn. -- Brittle; infirm; weak; frail; frangible; slight.

-- Frag"ile*ly, adv.

Fra*gil"i*ty (?), n. [L. fragilitas: cf. F. fragilitÈ. Cf. Frailty.] 1. The condition or quality of being fragile; brittleness; frangibility. Bacon.

2. Weakness; feebleness.

An appearance of delicacy, and even of fragility, is almost
essential to it [beauty].

Burke.

3. Liability to error and sin; frailty. [Obs.]

The fragility and youthful folly of Qu. Fabius.

Holland.

Frag"ment (?), n. [L. fragmentum, fr. frangere to break: cf. F. fragment. See Break, v. t.] A part broken off; a small, detached portion; an imperfect part; as, a fragment of an ancient writing.

Gather up the fragments that remain.

John vi. 12.

Frag*men"tal (?), a. 1. Fragmentary.

2. (Geol.) Consisting of the pulverized or fragmentary material of rock, as conglomerate, shale, etc.

Frag*men"tal, n. (Geol.) A fragmentary rock.

Frag"men*ta*ri*ly (?), adv. In a fragmentary manner; piecemeal.

Frag"men*ta*ri*ness, n. The quality or property of being in fragments, or broken pieces; incompleteness; want of continuity. G. Eliot.

Frag"men*ta*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. fragmentaire.] 1. Composed of fragments, or broken pieces; disconnected; not complete or entire. Donne.

2. (Geol.) Composed of the fragments of other rocks.

Frag"ment*ed (?), a. Broken into fragments.

Frag"ment*ist, n. A writer of fragments; as, the fragmentist of Wolfenb¸ttel. [R.]

||Fra"gor (&?;), n. [L., a breaking to pieces, fr. frangere to break.] ||1. A loud and sudden sound; the report of anything bursting; a crash. ||I. Watts.

2. [Due to confusion with fragrant.] A strong or sweet scent. [Obs. & Illegitimate.] Sir T. Herbert.

{ Fra"grance (?), Fra"gran*cy (?) }, n. [L. fragrantia: cf. OF. fragrance.] The quality of being fragrant; sweetness of smell; a sweet smell; a pleasing odor; perfume.

Eve separate he spies, Veiled in a cloud of fragrance.

Milton.

The goblet crowned, Breathed aromatic fragrancies around.

Pope.

Fra"grant (?), a. [L. fragrans. -antis, p. pr. of fragrare to emit a smell of fragrance: cf. OF. fragrant.] Affecting the olfactory nerves agreeably; sweet of smell; odorous; having or emitting an agreeable perfume.

Fragrant the fertile earth After soft showers.

Milton.

Syn. -- Sweet-smelling; odorous; odoriferous; sweet- scented; redolent; ambrosial; balmy; spicy; aromatic.

-- Fra"grant*ly, adv.

Fraight (?), a. Same as Fraught. [Obs.] Spenser.

Frail (?), n. [OE. fraiel, fraile, OF. fraiel, freel, frael, fr. LL. fraellum.] A basket made of rushes, used chiefly for containing figs and raisins.

2. The quantity of raisins -- about thirty- two, fifty-six, or seventy-five pounds, -- contained in a frail.

3. A rush for weaving baskets. Johnson.

Frail, a. [Compar. Frailer (?); superl. Frailest.] [OE. frele, freile, OF. fraile, frele, F. frÍle, fr. L. fragilis. See Fragile.] 1. Easily broken; fragile; not firm or durable; liable to fail and perish; easily destroyed; not tenacious of life; weak; infirm.

That I may know how frail I am.

Ps. xxxix. 4.

An old bent man, worn and frail.

Lowell.

2. Tender. [Obs.]

Deep indignation and compassion.

Spenser.

3. Liable to fall from virtue or be led into sin; not strong against temptation; weak in resolution; also, unchaste; -- often applied to fallen women.

Man is frail, and prone to evil.

Jer. Taylor.

Frail"ly, adv. Weakly; infirmly.

Frail"ness, n. Frailty.

Frail"ty (frl"t), n.; pl. Frailties (-tz). [OE. frelete, freilte, OF. frailetÈ, fr. L. fragilitas. See Frail, a., and cf. Fragility.] 1. The condition or quality of being frail, physically, mentally, or morally; frailness; infirmity; weakness of resolution; liableness to be deceived or seduced.

God knows our frailty, [and] pities our weakness.

Locke.

2. A fault proceeding from weakness; foible; sin of infirmity.

Syn. -- Frailness; fragility; imperfection; failing.

||Frai"scheur (?), n. [OF.; F fraicheur, fr. frais, fem. fraÓche, ||fresh; of German origin. See Frash, a.] Freshness; coolness. [R.] ||Dryden.

Fraise (?), n. [See Froise.] A large and thick pancake, with slices of bacon in it. [Obs.] Johnson.

||Fraise (?), n. [F. fraise, orig., a ruff, cf. F. frise frieze, E. ||frieze a coarse stuff.] 1. (Fort.) A defense consisting of pointed ||stakes driven into the ramparts in a horizontal or inclined position.

2. (Mech.) A fluted reamer for enlarging holes in stone; a small milling cutter.

Fraise, v. t. (Mil.) To protect, as a line of troops, against an onset of cavalry, by opposing bayonets raised obliquely forward. Wilhelm.

Fraised (?), a. Fortified with a fraise.

Frak"en (?), n. A freckle. [Obs.]

A few fraknes in his face.

Chaucer.

Fram"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being framed.

||Fram*bÊ"si*a (?), n. [F. & NL., fr. F. framboise raspberry.] (Med.) ||The yaws. See Yaws.

Frame (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Framed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Framing.] [OE. framen, fremen, to execute, build, AS. fremman to further, perform, effect, fr. fram strong, valiant; akin to E. foremost, and prob. to AS. fram from, Icel. fremja, frama, to further, framr forward, G. fromm worthy, excellent, pious. See Foremost, From, and cf. Furnish.] 1. (Arch. & Engin.) To construct by fitting and uniting the several parts of the skeleton of any structure; specifically, in woodwork, to put together by cutting parts of one member to fit parts of another. See Dovetail, Halve, v. t., Miter, Tenon, Tooth, Tusk, Scarf, and Splice.

2. To originate; to plan; to devise; to contrive; to compose; in a bad sense, to invent or fabricate, as something false.

How many excellent reasonings are framed in the mind of a man of
wisdom and study in a length of years.

I. Watts.

3. To fit to something else, or for some specific end; to adjust; to regulate; to shape; to conform.

And frame my face to all occasions.

Shak.

We may in some measure frame our minds for the reception of
happiness.

Landor.

The human mind is framed to be influenced.

I. Taylor.

4. To cause; to bring about; to produce. [Obs.]

Fear frames disorder, and disorder wounds.

Shak.

5. To support. [Obs. & R.]

That on a staff his feeble steps did frame.

Spenser.

6. To provide with a frame, as a picture.

Frame, v. i. 1. To shape; to arrange, as the organs of speech. [Obs.] Judg. xii. 6.

2. To proceed; to go. [Obs.]

The bauty of this sinful dame Made many princes thither frame.

Shak.

Frame, n. 1. Anything composed of parts fitted and united together; a fabric; a structure; esp., the constructional system, whether of timber or metal, that gives to a building, vessel, etc., its model and strength; the skeleton of a structure.

These are thy glorious works, Parent of good, Almighty! thine this
universal frame.

Milton.

2. The bodily structure; physical constitution; make or build of a person.

Some bloody passion shakes your very frame.

Shak.

No frames could be strong enough to endure it.

Prescott.

3. A kind of open case or structure made for admitting, inclosing, or supporting things, as that which incloses or contains a window, door, picture, etc.; that on which anything is held or stretched; as: (a) The skeleton structure which supports the boiler and machinery of a locomotive upon its wheels. (b) (Founding) A molding box or flask, which being filled with sand serves as a mold for castings. (c) The ribs and stretchers of an umbrella or other structure with a fabric covering. (d) A structure of four bars, adjustable in size, on which cloth, etc., is stretched for quilting, embroidery, etc. (e) (Hort.) A glazed portable structure for protecting young plants from frost. (f) (Print.) A stand to support the type cases for use by the compositor.

4. (Mach.) A term applied, especially in England, to certain machines built upon or within framework; as, a stocking frame; lace frame; spinning frame, etc.

5. Form; shape; proportion; scheme; structure; constitution; system; as, a frameof government.

She that hath a heart of that fine frame To pay this debt of love
but to a brother.

Shak.

Put your discourse into some frame.

Shak.

6. Particular state or disposition, as of the mind; humor; temper; mood; as, to be always in a happy frame.

7. Contrivance; the act of devising or scheming. [Obs.]

John the bastard Whose spirits toil in frame of villainies.

Shak.

Balloon frame, Cant frames, etc. See under Balloon, Cant, etc. -- Frame building or house, a building of which the form and support is made of framed timbers. [U.S.] -- Frame level, a mason's level. -- Frame saw, a thin saw stretched in a frame to give it rigidity.

Fram"er (?), n. One who frames; as, the framer of a building; the framers of the Constitution.

Frame"work` (?), n. 1. The work of framing, or the completed work; the frame or constructional part of anything; as, the framework of society.

A staunch and solid piece of framework.

Milton.

2. Work done in, or by means of, a frame or loom.

Fram"ing, n. 1. The act, process, or style of putting together a frame, or of constructing anything; a frame; that which frames.

2. (Arch. & Engin.) A framework, or a sy&?; of frames.

Framing chisel (Carp.), a heavy chisel with a socket shank for making mortises.

{ Fram"pel (?), Fram"poid (?) }, a. [Also written frampul, frampled, framfold.] [Cf. W. fframfol passionate, ffrom angry, fretting; or perh. akin to E. frump.] Peevish; cross; vexatious; quarrelsome. [Obs.] Shak.

Is Pompey grown so malapert, so frampel?

Beau. & Fl.

Franc (?), n. [F., fr. franc a Franc. See Frank, a.] A silver coin of France, and since 1795 the unit of the French monetary system. It has been adopted by Belgium and Swizerland. It is equivalent to about nineteen cents, or ten pence, and is divided into 100 centimes.

Fran"chise (? or ?; 277), n. [F., fr. franc, fem. franche, free. See Frank, a.] 1. Exemption from constraint or oppression; freedom; liberty. [Obs.] Spenser.

2. (LAw) A particular privilege conferred by grant from a sovereign or a government, and vested in individuals; an immunity or exemption from ordinary jurisdiction; a constitutional or statutory right or privilege, esp. the right to vote.

Election by universal suffrage, as modified by the Constitution, is
the one crowning franchise of the American people.

W. H. Seward.

3. The district or jurisdiction to which a particular privilege extends; the limits of an immunity; hence, an asylum or sanctuary.

Churches and mobasteries in Spain are franchises for criminals.

London Encyc.

4. Magnanimity; generosity; liberality; frankness; nobility. "Franchise in woman." [Obs.] Chaucer.

Elective franchise, the privilege or right of voting in an election of public officers.

Fran"chise, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Franchised (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Franchising.] [Cf. OF. franchir to free, F., to cross.] To make free; to enfranchise; to give liberty to. Shak.

Fran"chise*ment (?), n. [Cf. OF. franchissement.] Release; deliverance; freedom. Spenser.

Fran"cic (?), a. [See Frank, a.] Pertaining to the Franks, or their language; Frankish.

Fran*cis"can (?), a. [LL. Franciscus Francis: cf. F. franciscain.] (R. C. Ch.) Belonging to the Order of St. Francis of the Franciscans.

Franciscan Brothers, pious laymen who devote themselves to useful works, such as manual labor schools, and other educational institutions; -- called also Brothers of the Third Order of St. Francis. -- Franciscan Nuns, nuns who follow the rule of St. Francis, esp. those of the Second Order of St. Francis, -- called also Poor Clares or Minoresses. -- Franciscan Tertiaries, the Third Order of St. Francis.

Fran*cis"can, n. (R.C.Ch.) A monk or friar of the Order of St. Francis, a large and zealous order of mendicant monks founded in 1209 by St. Francis of Assisi. They are called also Friars Minor; and in England, Gray Friars, because they wear a gray habit.

Fran"co*lin (?), n. [F.; cf. It. francolino, Sp. francolin.] (Zoˆl.) A spurred partidge of the genus Francolinus and allied genera, of Asia and Africa. The common species (F. vulgaris) was formerly common in southern Europe, but is now nearly restricted to Asia.

Fran"co*lite (?), n. (Min.) A variety of apatite from Wheal Franco in Devonshire.

Fran"gent (?), a. [L. frangens, p. pr. of frangere. See Fraction.] Causing fracture; breaking. [R.] H. Walpole.

Fran`gi*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. frangibilitÈ.] The state or quality of being frangible. Fox.

Fran"gi*ble (?), a. [Cf. F. frangible.] Capable of being broken; brittle; fragile; easily broken.

||Fran"gi*pane (?), n. [F. frangipane; supposed to be called so from ||the inventor, the Marquis Frangipani, major general under Louis XIV.] ||1. A perfume of jasmine; frangipani.

2. A species of pastry, containing cream and almonds.

{ Fran`gi*pan"i (?), Fran`gi*pan"ni (?) }, n. [Another spelling of frangipane.] A perfume derived from, or imitating the odor of, the flower of the red jasmine, a West Indian tree of the genus Plumeria.

{ Fran*gu"lic (?), Fran`gu*lin"ic (?) }, a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or drived from, frangulin, or a species (Rhamnus Frangula) of the buckthorn.

Frangulinic acid (Chem.), a yellow crystalline substance, resembling alizarin, and obtained by the decomposition of frangulin.

Fran"gu*lin (?), n. (Chem.) A yellow crystalline dyestuff, regarded as a glucoside, extracted from a species (Rhamnus Frangula) of the buckthorn; -- called also rhamnoxanthin.

Fran"ion (?), n. [Perh. from F. fainÈant an idler.] A paramour; a loose woman; also, a gay, idle fellow. [Obs.] Spenser.

Frank (?), n. [OF. franc.] A pigsty. [Obs.]

Frank, v. t. To shut up in a frank or sty; to pen up; hence, to cram; to fatten. [Obs.] Shak.

Frank, n. (Zoˆl.) The common heron; -- so called from its note. [Prov. Eng.]

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Frank (?), a. [Compar Franker (?); superl. Frankest.] [F. franc free, frank, L. Francus a Frank, fr. OHG. Franko the name of a Germanic people on the Rhine, who afterward founded the French monarchy; cf. AS. franca javelin, Icel. frakka. Cf. Franc, French, a., Franchise, n.] 1. Unbounded by restrictions, limitations, etc.; free. [R.] "It is of frank gift." Spenser.

2. Free in uttering one's real sentiments; not reserved; using no disguise; candid; ingenuous; as, a frank nature, conversation, manner, etc.

3. Liberal; generous; profuse. [Obs.]

Frank of civilities that cost them nothing.

L'Estrange.

4. Unrestrained; loose; licentious; -- used in a bad sense. Spenser.

Syn. -- Ingenuous; candid; artless; plain; open; unreserved; undisguised; sincere. See Candid, Ingenuous.

Frank (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Franked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Franking.] 1. To send by public conveyance free of expense. Dickens.

2. To extempt from charge for postage, as a letter, package, or packet, etc.

Frank, n. [See Frank, a.] The privilege of sending letters or other mail matter, free of postage, or without charge; also, the sign, mark, or signature denoting that a letter or other mail matter is to free of postage.

I have said so much, that, if I had not a frank, I must burn my
letter and begin again.

Cowper.

Frank, n. [Cf. F. franc. See Frank, a.] 1. (Ethnol.) A member of one of the German tribes that in the fifth century overran and conquered Gaul, and established the kingdom of France.

2. A native or inhabitant of Western Europe; a European; -- a term used in the Levant.

3. A French coin. See Franc.

Frank`al*moigne" (?), n. [F. franc free + Norm. F. almoigne alma, for almosne, F. aumÙne. See Frank, a., and Almoner.] (Eng. Law) A tenure by which a religious corporation holds lands given to them and their successors forever, usually on condition of praying for the soul of the donor and his heirs; -- called also tenure by free alms. Burrill.

Frank"-chase` (?), n. [Frank free + chase.] (Eng. Law) The liberty or franchise of having a chase; free chase. Burrill.

Frank"-fee` (?), n. [Frank free + fee.] (Eng. Law) A species of tenure in fee simple, being the opposite of ancient demesne, or copyhold. Burrill.

Frank"fort black` (?). A black pigment used in copperplate printing, prepared by burning vine twigs, the lees of wine, etc. McElrath.

Frank"in*cense (?), n. [OF. franc free, pure + encens incense.] A fragrant, aromatic resin, or gum resin, burned as an incense in religious rites or for medicinal fumigation. The best kinds now come from East Indian trees, of the genus Boswellia; a commoner sort, from the Norway spruce (Abies excelsa) and other coniferous trees. The frankincense of the ancient Jews is still unidentified.

Frank"ing (?), n. (Carp.) A method of forming a joint at the intersection of window-sash bars, by cutting away only enough wood to show a miter.

Frank"ish, a. Like, or pertaining to, the Franks.

Frank"-law` (?), n. [Frank free + law.] (Eng. Law) The liberty of being sworn in courts, as a juror or witness; one of the ancient privileges of a freeman; free and common law; -- an obsolete expression signifying substantially the same as the American expression civil rights. Abbot.

Frank"lin (?), n. [OE. frankelein; cf. LL. franchilanus. See Frank, a.] An English freeholder, or substantial householder. [Obs.] Chaucer.

The franklin, a small landholder of those days.

Sir J. Stephen.

Frank*lin"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to Benjamin Franklin.

Franklinic electricity, electricity produced by friction; called also statical electricity.

Frank"lin*ite (?), n. (Min.) A kind of mineral of the spinel group.

Frank"lin stove` (?). A kind of open stove introduced by Benjamin Franklin, the peculiar feature of which was that a current of heated air was directly supplied to the room from an air box; -- now applied to other varieties of open stoves.

Frank"ly, adv. In a frank manner; freely.

Very frankly he confessed his treasons.

Shak.

Syn. -- Openly; ingenuously; plainly; unreservedly; undisguisedly; sincerely; candidly; artlessly; freely; readily; unhesitatingly; liberally; willingly.

Frank"-mar"riage (?), n. [Frank free + marriage.] (Eng. Law) A certain tenure in tail special; an estate of inheritance given to a man his wife (the wife being of the blood of the donor), and descendible to the heirs of their two bodies begotten. [Obs.] Blackstone.

Frank"ness, n. The quality of being frank; candor; openess; ingenuousness; fairness; liberality.

Frank"pledge` (?), n. [Frank free + pledge.] (O. Eng. Law) (a) A pledge or surety for the good behavior of freemen, -- each freeman who was a member of an ancient decennary, tithing, or friborg, in England, being a pledge for the good conduct of the others, for the preservation of the public peace; a free surety. (b) The tithing itself. Bouvier.

The servants of the crown were not, as now, bound in frankpledge
for each other.

Macaulay.

Fran"tic (?), a. [OE. frentik, frenetik, F. frentique, L. phreneticus, from Gr. &?;. See Frenzy, and cf. Frenetic, Phrenetic.] Mad; raving; furious; violent; wild and disorderly; distracted.

Die, frantic wretch, for this accursed deed!

Shak.

Torrents of frantic abuse.

Macaulay.

-- Fran"tic*al*ly (#), adv. -- Fran"tic*ly (#), adv. Shak.

-- Fran"tic*ness, n. Johnson.

Frap (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Frapped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Frapping.] [Cf. F. frapper to strike, to seize ropes. Cf. Affrap.] 1. (Naut.) To draw together; to bind with a view to secure and strengthen, as a vessel by passing cables around it; to tighten; as a tackle by drawing the lines together. Tottem.

2. To brace by drawing together, as the cords of a drum. Knoght.

Frape (?), n. [Cf. frap, and Prov. E. frape to scold.] A crowd, a rabble. [Obs.] ares.

Frap"ler (?), n. A blusterer; a rowdy. [Obs.]

Unpolished, a frapler, and base.

B. Jonson.

||Fra"ter, n. [L., a brother.] (Eccl.) A monk; also, a frater house. ||[R.] Shipley.

Frater house, an apartament in a convent used as an eating room; a refectory; -- called also a fratery.

Fra*ter"nal (?), a.[F. fraternel, LL. fraternalis, fr. L. fraternus, fr. frater brother. See Brother.] Of, pertaining to, or involving, brethren; becoming to brothers; brotherly; as, fraternal affection; a fraternal embrace. -- Fra*ter"nal*ly, adv.

An abhorred, a cursed, a fraternal war.

Milton.

Fraternal love and friendship.

Addison.

Fra*ter"nate (?), v. i. To fraternize; to hold fellowship. Jefferson.

{ Fra`ter*na"tion (?), Fra"ter*nism (?) }, n. Fraternization. [R.] Jefferson.

Fra*ter"ni*ty (?), n.; pl. Fraternities (#). [F. fraternitÈ, L. fraternitas.] 1. The state or quality of being fraternal or brotherly; brotherhood.

2. A body of men associated for their common interest, business, or pleasure; a company; a brotherhood; a society; in the Roman Catholic Church, an association for special religious purposes, for relieving the sick and destitute, etc.

3. Men of the same class, profession, occupation, character, or tastes.

With what terms of respect knaves and sots will speak of their own
fraternity!

South.

Fra`ter*ni*za"tion (? or ?), n. The act of fraternizing or uniting as brothers.

I hope that no French fraternization . . . could so change the
hearts of Englishmen.

Burke.

Fra"ter*nize (? or ?; 277), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Fraternized (#); p. pr. & vb. n.. Fraternizing (#).] [Cf. F. fraterniser.] To associate or hold fellowship as brothers, or as men of like occupation or character; to have brotherly feelings.

Fra"ter*nize, v. t. To bring into fellowship or brotherly sympathy.

Correspondence for fraternizing the two nations.

Burke.

Frat"er*ni`zer (?; 277), n. One who fraternizes. Burke.

Fra"ter*y (? or ?), n. [L. frater brother: cf. It. frateria a brotherhood of monks. See Friar.] A frater house. See under Frater.

Fra"trage (? or ?; 48), n. [L. frater a brother.] (Law) A sharing among brothers, or brothers' kin. [Obs.] Crabb.

||Fra`tri*cel"li (?), n. pl. [It. fraticelli, lit., little brothers, ||dim. fr. frate brother, L. frater.] (Eccl. Hist.) (a) The name which ||St. Francis of Assisi gave to his followers, early in the 13th ||century. (b) A sect which seceded from the Franciscan Order, chiefly ||in Italy and Sicily, in 1294, repudiating the pope as an apostate, ||maintaining the duty of celibacy and poverty, and discountenancing ||oaths. Called also Fratricellians and Fraticelli.

Frat"ri*ci`dal (?), a. Of or pertaining to fratricide; of the nature of fratricide.

Frat"ri*cide (?), n. [L. fratricidium a brother's murder, fr. fratricida a brother's murderer; frater, fratris, brother + caedere to kill: cf. F. fratricide.] 1. The act of one who murders or kills his own brother.

2. [L. fratricida: cf. F. fratricide.] One who murders or kills his own brother.

Fraud (frd), n. [F. fraude, L. fraus, fraudis; prob. akin to Skr. dhrv to injure, dhv to cause to fall, and E. dull.] 1. Deception deliberately practiced with a view to gaining an unlawful or unfair advantage; artifice by which the right or interest of another is injured; injurious stratagem; deceit; trick.

If success a lover's toil attends, Few ask, if fraud or force
attained his ends.

Pope.

2. (Law) An intentional perversion of truth for the purpose of obtaining some valuable thing or promise from another.

3. A trap or snare. [Obs.]

To draw the proud King Ahab into fraud.

Milton.

Constructive fraud (Law), an act, statement, or omission which operates as a fraud, although perhaps not intended to be such. Mozley & W. -- Pious fraud (Ch. Hist.), a fraud contrived and executed to benefit the church or accomplish some good end, upon the theory that the end justified the means. -- Statute of frauds (Law), an English statute (1676), the principle of which is incorporated in the legislation of all the States of this country, by which writing with specific solemnities (varying in the several statutes) is required to give efficacy to certain dispositions of property. Wharton.

Syn. -- Deception; deceit; guile; craft; wile; sham; strife; circumvention; stratagem; trick; imposition; cheat. See Deception.

Fraud"ful (?), a. Full of fraud, deceit, or treachery; trickish; treacherous; fraudulent; -- applied to persons or things. I. Taylor.

-- Fraud"ful*ly, adv.

Fraud"less, a. Free from fraud. -- Fraud"less*ly, adv. -- Fraud"less*ness, n.

{ Fraud"u*lence (?; 135), Fraud"u*len*cy (?) }, n. [L. fraudulentia.] The quality of being fraudulent; deliberate deceit; trickishness. Hooker.

Fraud"u*lent (?), a. [L. fraudulentus, fr. fraus, fraudis, fraud: cf. F. fraudulent.] 1. Using fraud; tricky; deceitful; dishonest.

2. Characterized by, founded on, or proceeding from, fraud; as, a fraudulent bargain.

He, with serpent tongue, . . . His fraudulent temptation thus
began.

Milton.

3. Obtained or performed by artifice; as, fraudulent conquest. Milton.

Syn. -- Deceitful; fraudful; guileful; crafty; wily; cunning; subtle; deceiving; cheating; deceptive; insidious; treacherous; dishonest; designing; unfair.

Fraud"u*lent*ly (?), adv. In a fraudulent manner.

Fraught (frt), n. [OE. fraight, fraght; akin to Dan. fragt, Sw. frakt, D. vracht, G. fracht, cf. OHG. frht merit, reward; perh. from a pref. corresponding to E. for + The root of E. own. Cf. Freight.] A freight; a cargo. [Obs.] Shak.

Fraught, a. Freighted; laden; filled; stored; charged.

A vessel of our country richly fraught.

Shak.

A discourse fraught with all the commending excellences of speech.

South.

Enterprises fraught with world-wide benefits.

I. Taylor.

Fraught, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fraughted or Fraught; p. pr. & vb. n. Fraughting.] [Akin to Dan. fragte, Sw. frakta, D. bevrachten, G. frachten, cf. OHG. frhtn to deserve. See Fraught, n.] To freight; to load; to burden; to fill; to crowd. [Obs.]

Upon the tumbling billows fraughted ride The armed ships.

Fairfax.

Fraught"age (?; 48), n. Freight; loading; cargo. [Obs.] Shak.

Fraught"ing, a. Constituting the freight or cargo. [Obs.] "The fraughting souls within her." Shak.

Fraun"ho*fer lines` (?). (Physics.) The lines of the spectrum; especially and properly, the dark lines of the solar spectrum, so called because first accurately observed and interpreted by Fraunhofer, a German physicist.

Frax"in (?), n. [From Fraxinus.] (Chem.) A colorless crystalline substance, regarded as a glucoside, and found in the bark of the ash (Fraxinus) and along with esculin in the bark of the horse-chestnut. It shows a delicate fluorescence in alkaline solutions; -- called also paviin.

||Frax"i*nus (?), n. [L., the ash tree.] (Bot.) A genus of deciduous ||forest trees, found in the north temperate zone, and including the ||true ash trees.

Fraxinus excelsior is the European ash; F. Americana, the white ash; F. sambucifolia, the black ash or water ash.

Fray (fr), n. [Abbreviated from affray.] Affray; broil; contest; combat.

Who began this bloody fray?

Shak.

Fray, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Frayed (frd); p. pr. & vb. n. Fraying.] [See 1st Fray, and cf. Affray.] To frighten; to terrify; to alarm. I. Taylor.

What frays ye, that were wont to comfort me affrayed?

Spenser.

Fray, v. t. [Cf. OF. fraier. See Defray, v. t.] To bear the expense of; to defray. [Obs.]

The charge of my most curious and costly ingredients frayed, I
shall acknowledge myself amply satisfied.

Massinger.

Fray, v. t. [OF. freier, fraier, froier, to rub. L. fricare; cf. friare to crumble, E. friable; perh. akin to Gr. chri`ein to anoint, chri^sma an anointing, Skr. ghsh to rub, scratch. Cf. Friction.] To rub; to wear off, or wear into shreds, by rubbing; to fret, as cloth; as, a deer is said to fray her head.

Fray, v. i. 1. To rub.

We can show the marks he made When 'gainst the oak his antlers
frayed.

Sir W. Scott.

2. To wear out or into shreads, or to suffer injury by rubbing, as when the threads of the warp or of the woof wear off so that the cross threads are loose; to ravel; as, the cloth frays badly.

A suit of frayed magnificience.

tennyson.

Fray, n. A fret or chafe, as in cloth; a place injured by rubbing.

Fray"ing, n. (Zoˆl.) The skin which a deer frays from his horns. B. Jonson.

Freak (frk), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Freaked (frkt); p. pr. & vb. n. Freaking.] [Akin to OE. frakin, freken, freckle, Icel. freknur, pl., Sw. fr‰kne, Dan. fregne, Gr. perkno`s dark- colored, Skr. pÁni variegated. Cf. Freckle, Freck.] To variegate; to checker; to streak. [R.]

Freaked with many a mingled hue.

Thomson.

Freak, n. [Prob. from OE. frek bold, AS. frec bold, greedly; akin to OHG. freh greedly, G. frech insolent, Icel. frekr greedy, Goth. faÌhufriks avaricious.] A sudden causeless change or turn of the mind; a whim of fancy; a capricious prank; a vagary or caprice.

She is restless and peevish, and sometimes in a freak will
instantly change her habitation.

Spectator.

Syn. -- Whim; caprice; folly; sport. See Whim.

Freak"ing, a. Freakish. [Obs.] Pepys.

Freak"ish, a. Apt to change the mind suddenly; whimsical; capricious.

It may be a question whether the wife or the woman was the more
freakish of the two.

L'Estrange.

Freakish when well, and fretful when she's sick.

Pope.

-- Freak"ish*ly, adv. -- Freak"ish*ness, n.

Freck (?), v. t. [Cf. Freak, v. t., Freckle.] To checker; to diversify. [R. & Poet.]

The painted windows, frecking gloom with glow.

Lowell.

Freck"le (frk"k'l), n. [Dim., from the same root as freak, v. t.] 1. A small yellowish or brownish spot in the skin, particularly on the face, neck, or hands.

2. Any small spot or discoloration.

Frec"kle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Freckled (-k'ld); p. pr. & vb. n. Freckling (-klng).] To sprinkle or mark with freckles or small discolored spots; to spot.

<! p. 594 !>

Frec"kle (frk"k'l), v. i. To become covered or marked with freckles; to be spotted.

Frec"kled (frk"k'ld), a. Marked with freckles; spotted. "The freckled trout." Dryden.

The freckled cowslip, burnet, and green clover.

Shak.

Frec"kled*ness (-k'ld*ns), n. The state of being freckled.

Frec"kly (-kl), a. Full of or marked with freckles; sprinkled with spots; freckled.

Fred (frd), n. [AS. fri peace. See Frith inclosure.] Peace; -- a word used in composition, especially in proper names; as, Alfred; Frederic.

Fred"stole` (-stl`), n. [Obs.] See Fridstol. Fuller.

Free (fr), a. [Compar. Freer (-r); superl. Freest (-st).] [OE. fre, freo, AS. freÛ, fr; akin to D. vrij, OS. & OHG. fr, G. frei, Icel. fr, Sw. & Dan. fri, Goth. freis, and also to Skr. prija beloved, dear, fr. pr to love, Goth. frijn. Cf. Affray, Belfry, Friday, Friend, Frith inclosure.] 1. Exempt from subjection to the will of others; not under restraint, control, or compulsion; able to follow one's own impulses, desires, or inclinations; determining one's own course of action; not dependent; at liberty.

That which has the power, or not the power, to operate, is that
alone which is or is not free.

Locke.

2. Not under an arbitrary or despotic government; subject only to fixed laws regularly and fairly administered, and defended by them from encroachments upon natural or acquired rights; enjoying political liberty.

3. Liberated, by arriving at a certain age, from the control of parents, guardian, or master.

4. Not confined or imprisoned; released from arrest; liberated; at liberty to go.

Set an unhappy prisoner free.

Prior.

5. Not subjected to the laws of physical necessity; capable of voluntary activity; endowed with moral liberty; -- said of the will.

Not free, what proof could they have given sincere Of true
allegiance, constant faith, or love.

Milton.

6. Clear of offense or crime; guiltless; innocent.

My hands are guilty, but my heart is free.

Dryden.

7. Unconstrained by timidity or distrust; unreserved; ingenuous; frank; familiar; communicative.

He was free only with a few.

Milward.

8. Unrestrained; immoderate; lavish; licentious; -- used in a bad sense.

The critics have been very free in their censures.

Felton.

A man may live a free life as to wine or women.

Shelley.

9. Not close or parsimonious; liberal; open- handed; lavish; as, free with his money.

10. Exempt; clear; released; liberated; not encumbered or troubled with; as, free from pain; free from a burden; -- followed by from, or, rarely, by of.

Princes declaring themselves free from the obligations of their
treaties.

Bp. Burnet.

11. Characteristic of one acting without restraint; charming; easy.

12. Ready; eager; acting without spurring or whipping; spirited; as, a free horse.

13. Invested with a particular freedom or franchise; enjoying certain immunities or privileges; admitted to special rights; -- followed by of.

He therefore makes all birds, of every sect, Free of his farm.

Dryden.

14. Thrown open, or made accessible, to all; to be enjoyed without limitations; unrestricted; not obstructed, engrossed, or appropriated; open; -- said of a thing to be possessed or enjoyed; as, a free school.

Why, sir, I pray, are not the streets as free For me as for you?

Shak.

15. Not gained by importunity or purchase; gratuitous; spontaneous; as, free admission; a free gift.

16. Not arbitrary or despotic; assuring liberty; defending individual rights against encroachment by any person or class; instituted by a free people; -- said of a government, institutions, etc.

17. (O. Eng. Law) Certain or honorable; the opposite of base; as, free service; free socage. Burrill.

18. (Law) Privileged or individual; the opposite of common; as, a free fishery; a free warren. Burrill.

19. Not united or combined with anything else; separated; dissevered; unattached; at liberty to escape; as, free carbonic acid gas; free cells.

Free agency, the capacity or power of choosing or acting freely, or without necessity or constraint upon the will. -- Free bench (Eng. Law), a widow's right in the copyhold lands of her husband, corresponding to dower in freeholds. -- Free board (Naut.), a vessel's side between water line and gunwale. -- Free bond (Chem.), an unsaturated or unemployed unit, or bond, of affinity or valence, of an atom or radical. -- Free-borough men (O.Eng. Law). See Friborg. -- Free chapel (Eccles.), a chapel not subject to the jurisdiction of the ordinary, having been founded by the king or by a subject specially authorized. [Eng.] Bouvier. -- Free charge (Elec.), a charge of electricity in the free or statical condition; free electricity. -- Free church. (a) A church whose sittings are for all and without charge. (b) An ecclesiastical body that left the Church of Scotland, in 1843, to be free from control by the government in spiritual matters. -- Free city, or Free town, a city or town independent in its government and franchises, as formerly those of the Hanseatic league. -- Free cost, freedom from charges or expenses. South. -- Free and easy, unconventional; unrestrained; regardless of formalities. [Colloq.] "Sal and her free and easy ways." W. Black. -- Free goods, goods admitted into a country free of duty. -- Free labor, the labor of freemen, as distinguished from that of slaves. -- Free port. (Com.) (a) A port where goods may be received and shipped free of custom duty. (b) A port where goods of all kinds are received from ships of all nations at equal rates of duty. -- Free public house, in England, a tavern not belonging to a brewer, so that the landlord is free to brew his own beer or purchase where he chooses. Simmonds. -- Free school. (a) A school to which pupils are admitted without discrimination and on an equal footing. (b) A school supported by general taxation, by endowmants, etc., where pupils pay nothing for tuition; a public school. -- Free services (O.Eng. Law), such feudal services as were not unbecoming the character of a soldier or a freemen to perform; as, to serve under his lord in war, to pay a sum of money, etc. Burrill. -- Free ships, ships of neutral nations, which in time of war are free from capture even though carrying enemy's goods. -- Free socage (O.Eng. Law), a feudal tenure held by certain services which, though honorable, were not military. Abbott. -- Free States, those of the United States before the Civil War, in which slavery had ceased to exist, or had never existed. -- Free stuff (Carp.), timber free from knots; clear stuff. -- Free thought, that which is thought independently of the authority of others. -- Free trade, commerce unrestricted by duties or tariff regulations. -- Free trader, one who believes in free trade. -- To make free with, to take liberties with; to help one's self to. [Colloq.] -- To sail free (Naut.), to sail with the yards not braced in as sharp as when sailing closehauled, or close to the wind.

Free (?), adv. 1. Freely; willingly. [Obs.]

I as free forgive you As I would be forgiven.

Shak.

2. Without charge; as, children admitted free.

Free, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Freed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Freeing.] [OE. freen, freoien, AS. freÛgan. See Free, a.] 1. To make free; to set at liberty; to rid of that which confines, limits, embarrasses, oppresses, etc.; to release; to disengage; to clear; -- followed by from, and sometimes by off; as, to free a captive or a slave; to be freed of these inconveniences. Clarendon.

Our land is from the rage of tigers freed.

Dryden.

Arise, . . . free thy people from their yoke.

Milton.

2. To remove, as something that confines or bars; to relieve from the constraint of.

This master key Frees every lock, and leads us to his person.

Dryden.

3. To frank. [Obs.] Johnson.

Free"boot`er (?), n. [D. vrijbuiter, fr. vrijbuiten to plunder; vrij free + buit booty, akin to E. booty. See Free, and Booty, and cf. Filibuster.] One who plunders or pillages without the authority of national warfare; a member of a predatory band; a pillager; a buccaneer; a sea robber. Bacon.

Free"boot`er*y (?), n. The act, practice, or gains of a freebooter; freebooting. Booth.

Free"boot`ing, n. Robbery; plunder; a pillaging.

Free"boot`ing, a. Acting the freebooter; practicing freebootery; robbing.

Your freebooting acquaintance.

Sir W. Scott.

Free"boot`y (?), n. Freebootery. [Obs.]

Free"born` (?), a. Born free; not born in vassalage; inheriting freedom.

Free"-den`i*zen (?), v. t. To make free. [R.]

Freed"man (?), n.; pl. Freedmen (&?;). A man who has been a slave, and has been set free.

Free"dom (fr"dm), n. [AS. freÛdm; freÛfree + - dom. See Free, and -dom.] 1. The state of being free; exemption from the power and control of another; liberty; independence.

Made captive, yet deserving freedom more.

Milton.

2. Privileges; franchises; immunities.

Your charter and your caty's freedom.

Shak.

3. Exemption from necessity, in choise and action; as, the freedom of the will.

4. Ease; facility; as, he speaks or acts with freedom.

5. Frankness; openness; unreservedness.

I emboldened spake and freedom used.

Milton.

6. Improper familiarity; violation of the rules of decorum; license.

7. Generosity; liberality. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Freedom fine, a sum paid on entry to incorporations of trades. -- Freedom of the city, the possession of the rights and privileges of a freeman of the city; formerly often, and now occasionally, conferred on one not a resident, as a mark of honorary distinction for public services.

Syn. -- See Liberty.

Freed"stool` (?), n. [Obs.] See Fridstol.

Free"-hand` (?), a. Done by the hand, without support, or the guidance of instruments; as, free- hand drawing. See under Drawing.

Free"-hand`ed, a. Open-handed; liberal.

Free"-heart`ed (?), a. Open; frank; unreserved; liberal; generous; as, free-hearted mirth. -- Free"-heart`ed*ly, adv. -- Free"-heart`ed*ness, n.

Free"hold` (?), n. (LAw) An estate in real property, of inheritance (in fee simple or fee tail) or for life; or the tenure by which such estate is held. Kent. Burrill.

To abate into a freehold. See under Abate.

Free"hold`er (?), n. (Law) The possessor of a freehold.

Free"-liv`er (?), n. One who gratifies his appetites without stint; one given to indulgence in eating and drinking.

Free"-liv`ing, n. Unrestrained indulgence of the appetites.

Free"-love` (?), n. The doctrine or practice of consorting with the opposite sex, at pleasure, without marriage.

Free"-lov`er, n. One who believes in or practices free-love.

Freel"te (?), n. Frailty. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Free"ly, adv. [AS. freÛlice.] In a free manner; without restraint or compulsion; abundantly; gratuitously.

Of every tree of the garden thou mayst freely eat.

Gen. ii. 16.

Freely ye have received, freely give.

Matt. x. 8.

Freely they stood who stood, and fell who fell.

Milton.

Freely we serve Because we freely love.

Milton.

Syn. -- Independently; voluntarily; spontaneously; unconditionally; unobstructedly; willingly; readily; liberally; generously; bounteously; munificently; bountifully; abundantly; largely; copiously; plentifully; plenteously.

Free"man (?), n.; pl. Freemen (#). [AS. freÛman; freÛfree + mann man.] 1. One who enjoys liberty, or who is not subject to the will of another; one not a slave or vassal.

2. A member of a corporation, company, or city, possessing certain privileges; a member of a borough, town, or State, who has the right to vote at elections. See Liveryman. Burrill.

Both having been made freemen on the same day.

Addison.

Free"-mar`tin (?), n. (Zoˆl.) An imperfect female calf, twinborn with a male.

Free"ma`son (?), n. One of an ancient and secret association or fraternity, said to have been at first composed of masons or builders in stone, but now consisting of persons who are united for social enjoyment and mutual assistance.

Free`ma*son"ic (?), a. Pertaining to, or resembling, the institutions or the practices of freemasons; as, a freemasonic signal.

Free"ma`son*ry (?), n. The institutions or the practices of freemasons.

Free"-mill`ing (?), a. Yielding free gold or silver; -- said of certain ores which can be reduced by crushing and amalgamation, without roasting or other chemical treatment. Raymond.

Free"-mind`ed (?), a. Not perplexed; having a mind free from care. Bacon.

Free"ness, n. The state or quality of being free; freedom; liberty; openness; liberality; gratuitousness.

Fre"er (?), n. One who frees, or sets free.

Free"-soil` (?), a. Pertaining to, or advocating, the non-extension of slavery; -- esp. applied to a party which was active during the period 1846-1856. [U.S.] -- Free"soil`er (#), n. [U.S.] -- Free"- soil`ism (#), n. [U.S.]

Free"-spo`ken (?), a. Accustomed to speak without reserve. Bacon.

-- Free"-spo`ken-ness, n.

Free"stone` (?), n. A stone composed of sand or grit; -- so called because it is easily cut or wrought.

Free"stone`, a. Having the flesh readily separating from the stone, as in certain kinds of peaches.

Free"-swim`ming (?), a. (Zoˆl.) Swimming in the open sea; -- said of certain marine animals.

Free"think`er (?), n. One who speculates or forms opinions independently of the authority of others; esp., in the sphere or religion, one who forms opinions independently of the authority of revelation or of the church; an unbeliever; -- a term assumed by deists and skeptics in the eighteenth century.

Atheist is an old-fashioned word: I'm a freethinker, child.

Addison.

Syn. -- Infidel; skeptic; unbeliever. See Infidel.

Free"think`ing, n. Undue boldness of speculation; unbelief. Berkeley. -- a. Exhibiting undue boldness of speculation; skeptical.

Free"-tongued` (?), a. Speaking without reserve. Bp. Hall.

Free will (?). 1. A will free from improper coercion or restraint.

To come thus was I not constrained, but did On my free will.

Shak.

2. The power asserted of moral beings of willing or choosing without the restraints of physical or absolute necessity.

Free"will` (?), a. Of or pertaining to free will; voluntary; spontaneous; as, a freewill offering.

Freewill Baptists. See under Baptist.

Freez"a*ble (?), a. Capable of being frozen.

Freeze (?), n. (Arch.) A frieze. [Obs.]

Freeze, v. i. [imp. Froze (?); p. p. Frozen (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Freezing.] [OE. fresen, freosen, AS. freÛsan; akin to D. vriezen, OHG. iosan, G. frieren, Icel. frjsa, Sw. frysa, Dan. fryse, Goth. frius cold, frost, and prob. to L. prurire to itch, E. prurient, cf. L. prna a burning coal, pruina hoarfrost, Skr. prushv ice, prush to spirt. &?; 18. Cf. Frost.] 1. To become congealed by cold; to be changed from a liquid to a solid state by the abstraction of heat; to be hardened into ice or a like solid body.

Water freezes at 32∞ above zero by Fahrenheit's thermometer; mercury freezes at 40∞ below zero.

2. To become chilled with cold, or as with cold; to suffer loss of animation or life by lack of heat; as, the blood freezes in the veins.

To freeze up (Fig.), to become formal and cold in demeanor. [Colloq.]

Freeze, v. t. 1. To congeal; to harden into ice; to convert from a fluid to a solid form by cold, or abstraction of heat.

2. To cause loss of animation or life in, from lack of heat; to give the sensation of cold to; to chill.

A faint, cold fear runs through my veins, That almost freezes up
the heat of life.

Shak.

Freeze, n. The act of congealing, or the state of being congealed. [Colloq.]

Freez"er (?), n. One who, or that which, cools or freezes, as a refrigerator, or the tub and can used in the process of freezing ice cream.

Freez"ing, a. Tending to freeze; for freezing; hence, cold or distant in manner. -- Frrez"ing*ly, adv.

Freezing machine. See Ice machine, under Ice. -- Freezing mixture, a mixture (of salt and snow or of chemical salts) for producing intense cold. -- Freezing point, that degree of a thermometer at which a fluid begins to freeze; -- applied particularly to water, whose freezing point is at 32∞ Fahr., and at 0∞ Centigrade.

Frei"es*le`ben*ite (?), n. [Named after the German chemist Freiesleben.] A sulphide of antimony, lead, and silver, occuring in monoclinic crystals.

Freight (frt), n. [F. fret, OHG. frht merit, reward. See Fraught, n.] 1. That with which anything is fraught or laden for transportation; lading; cargo, especially of a ship, or a car on a railroad, etc.; as, a freight of cotton; a full freight.

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2. (Law) (a) The sum paid by a party hiring a ship or part of a ship for the use of what is thus hired. (b) The price paid a common carrier for the carriage of goods. Wharton.

3. Freight transportation, or freight line.

Freight (frt), a. Employed in the transportation of freight; having to do with freight; as, a freight car.

Freight agent, a person employed by a transportation company to receive, forward, or deliver goods. -- Freight car. See under Car. -- Freight train, a railroad train made up of freight cars; -- called in England goods train.

Freight, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Freighted; p. pr. & vb. n. Freighting.] [Cf. F. freter.] To load with goods, as a ship, or vehicle of any kind, for transporting them from one place to another; to furnish with freight; as, to freight a ship; to freight a car.

Freight"age (-j; 48), n. 1. Charge for transportation; expense of carriage.

2. The transportation of freight.

3. Freight; cargo; lading. Milton.

Freight"er (?), n. 1. One who loads a ship, or one who charters and loads a ship.

2. One employed in receiving and forwarding freight.

3. One for whom freight is transported.

4. A vessel used mainly to carry freight.

Freight"less, a. Destitute of freight.

Frel"te (?), n. Frailty. [Obs.] Chaucer.

{ Fremd (?), Frem"ed (?) } a. [OE., from AS. fremede, fremde; akin to G. fremd.] Strange; foreign. [Old Eng. & Scot.] Chaucer.

Fren (frn), n. [OE. frenne, contr. fr. forrene foreign. See Foreign, a.] A stranger. [Obs.] Spenser.

French (frnch), a. [AS. frencisc, LL. franciscus, from L. Francus a Frank: cf. OF. franceis, franchois, franÁois, F. franÁais. See Frank, a., and cf. Frankish.] Of or pertaining to France or its inhabitants.