Chapter XLVI: Part 46

3. (Sculpture & Painting) Larger than life size, but smaller than colossal; -- said of the representation of a human figure.

Heroic Age, the age when the heroes, or those called the children of the gods, are supposed to have lived. -- Heroic poetry, that which celebrates the deeds of a hero; epic poetry. -- Heroic treatment or remedies (Med.), treatment or remedies of a severe character, suited to a desperate case. -- Heroic verse (Pros.), the verse of heroic or epic poetry, being in English, German, and Italian the iambic of ten syllables; in French the iambic of twelve syllables; and in classic poetry the hexameter.

Syn. -- Brave; intrepid; courageous; daring; valiant; bold; gallant; fearless; enterprising; noble; magnanimous; illustrious.

He*ro"ic*al (?), a. Heroic. [R.] Spectator. -- He*ro"ic*al*ly, adv. -- He*ro"ic*al*ness, n.

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He*ro"ic*ness (?), n. Heroism. [R.] W. Montagu.

{ He`ro*i*com"ic (?), He`ro*i*com"ic*al (?), } a. [Cf. F. hÈroÔcomigue. See Heroic, and Comic.] Combining the heroic and the ludicrous; denoting high burlesque; as, a heroicomic poem.

Her"o*ine (?), n. [F. hÈroÔne, L. heroina, Gr. &?;, fem. of &?;. See Hero.] 1. A woman of an heroic spirit.

The heroine assumed the woman's place.

Dryden.

2. The principal female person who figures in a remarkable action, or as the subject of a poem or story.

Her"o*ism (?; 277), n. [F. hÈroÔsme.] The qualities characteristic of a hero, as courage, bravery, fortitude, unselfishness, etc.; the display of such qualities.

Heroism is the self-devotion of genius manifesting itself in
action.

Hare.

Syn. -- Heroism, Courage, Fortitude, Bravery, Valor, Intrepidity, Gallantry. Courage is generic, denoting fearlessness or defiance of danger; fortitude is passive courage, the habit of bearing up nobly under trials, danger, and sufferings; bravery is courage displayed in daring acts; valor is courage in battle or other conflicts with living opponents; intrepidity is firm courage, which shrinks not amid the most appalling dangers; gallantry is adventurous courage, dashing into the thickest of the fight. Heroism may call into exercise all these modifications of courage. It is a contempt of danger, not from ignorance or inconsiderate levity, but from a noble devotion to some great cause, and a just confidence of being able to meet danger in the spirit of such a cause. Cf. Courage.

Her"on (?), n. [OE. heiroun, heroun, heron, hern, OF. hairon, F. hÈron, OHG. heigir; cf. Icel. hegri, Dan. heire, Sw. h‰ger, and also G. h‰her jay, jackdaw, OHG. hehara, higere, woodpecker, magpie, D. reiger heron, G. reiher, AS. hrgra. Cf. Aigret, Egret.] (Zoˆl.) Any wading bird of the genus Ardea and allied genera, of the family ArdeidÊ. The herons have a long, sharp bill, and long legs and toes, with the claw of the middle toe toothed. The common European heron (Ardea cinerea) is remarkable for its directly ascending flight, and was formerly hunted with the larger falcons.

There are several common American species; as, the great blue heron (Ardea herodias); the little blue (A. cúrulea); the green (A. virescens); the snowy (A. candidissima); the night heron or qua-bird (Nycticorax nycticorax). The plumed herons are called egrets.

Heron's bill (Bot.), a plant of the genus Erodium; -- so called from the fancied resemblance of the fruit to the head and beak of the heron.

Her"on*er (?), n. A hawk used in hunting the heron. "Heroner and falcon." Chaucer.

Her"on*ry (?), n. A place where herons breed.

Her"on*sew (?), n. A heronshaw. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Her"on*shaw (?), n. [OF. heroncel, dim. of hÈron. See Heron.] (Zoˆl.) A heron. [Written variously hernshaw, harnsey, etc.]

He`ro*ˆl"o*gist (?), n. [Gr. &?; + &?; discourse.] One who treats of heroes. [R.] T. Warton.

He"ro*ship (?), n. The character or personality of a hero. "Three years of heroship." Cowper.

Her"pes (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. "e`rphs, fr. "e`rpein to creep.] (Med.) An eruption of the skin, taking various names, according to its form, or the part affected; especially, an eruption of vesicles in small distinct clusters, accompanied with itching or tingling, including shingles, ringworm, and the like; -- so called from its tendency to creep or spread from one part of the skin to another.

Her*pet"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. herpÈtique.] Pertaining to, or resembling, the herpes; partaking of the nature of herpes; as, herpetic eruptions.

Her"pe*tism (?), n. [See Herpes.] (Med.) See Dartrous diathesis, under Dartrous.

{ Her*pet`o*log"ic (?), Her*pet`o*log"ic*al (?), } a. Pertaining to herpetology.

Her`pe*tol"o*gist (?), n. One versed in herpetology, or the natural history of reptiles.

Her`pe*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Written also, but less properly, erpetology.] [Gr. &?; a creeping thing, reptile (fr. &?; to creep) + -logy: cf. F. herpÈtologie.] The natural history of reptiles; that branch of zoˆlogy which relates to reptiles, including their structure, classification, and habits.

Her`pe*tot"o*mist (?), n. One who dissects, or studies the anatomy of, reptiles.

Her`pe*tot"o*my (?), n. [Gr. &?; a reptile + &?; to cut.] The anatomy or dissection of reptiles.

||Herr (?), n. A title of respect given to gentlemen in Germany, ||equivalent to the English Mister.

Her"ring (?), n. [OE. hering, AS. hÊring; akin to D. haring, G. h‰ring, hering, OHG. haring, hering, and prob. to AS. here army, and so called because they commonly move in large numbers. Cf. Harry.] (Zoˆl.) One of various species of fishes of the genus Clupea, and allied genera, esp. the common round or English herring (C. harengus) of the North Atlantic. Herrings move in vast schools, coming in spring to the shores of Europe and America, where they are salted and smoked in great quantities.

Herring gull (Zoˆl.), a large gull which feeds in part upon herrings; esp., Larus argentatus in America, and L. cachinnans in England. See Gull. -- Herring hog (Zoˆl.), the common porpoise. -- King of the herrings. (Zoˆl.) (a) The chimÊra (C. monstrosa) which follows the schools of herring. See ChimÊra. (b) The opah.

Her"ring*bone` (hr"rng*bn`), a. Pertaining to, or like, the spine of a herring; especially, characterized by an arrangement of work in rows of parallel lines, which in the alternate rows slope in different directions.

Herringbone stitch, a kind of cross-stitch in needlework, chiefly used in flannel. Simmonds.

Herrn"hut*er (hrn"h*r; G. hrn"h*r), n. (Eccl. Hist.) One of the Moravians; -- so called from the settlement of Herrnhut (the Lord's watch) made, about 1722, by the Moravians at the invitation of Nicholas Lewis, count of Zinzendorf, upon his estate in the circle of Bautzen.

Hers (hrz), pron. See the Note under Her, pron.

Her"sal (?), n. Rehearsal. [Obs.] Spenser.

Her"schel (?), n. (Astron.) See Uranus.

Her*sche"li*an (?), a. Of or relating to Sir William Herschel; as, the Herschelian telescope.

Herse (hrs), n. [F. herse harrow, portcullis, OF. herce, LL. hercia, L. hirpex, gen. hirpicis, and irpex, gen. irpicis, harrow. The LL. hercia signifies also a kind of candlestick in the form of a harrow, having branches filled with lights, and placed at the head of graves or cenotaphs; whence herse came to be used for the grave, coffin, or chest containing the dead. Cf. Hearse.] 1. (Fort.) A kind of gate or portcullis, having iron bars, like a harrow, studded with iron spikes. It is hung above gateways so that it may be quickly lowered, to impede the advance of an enemy. Farrow.

2. See Hearse, a carriage for the dead.

3. A funeral ceremonial. [Obs.] Spenser.

Herse, v. t. Same as Hearse, v. t. Chapman.

Her*self" (?), pron. 1. An emphasized form of the third person feminine pronoun; -- used as a subject with she; as, she herself will bear the blame; also used alone in the predicate, either in the nominative or objective case; as, it is herself; she blames herself.

2. Her own proper, true, or real character; hence, her right, or sane, mind; as, the woman was deranged, but she is now herself again; she has come to herself.

By herself, alone; apart; unaccompanied.

Her"sil*lon (?), n. [F., fr. herse a harrow. See Herse, n.] (Fort.) A beam with projecting spikes, used to make a breach impassable.

Hert (?), n. A hart. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Her"te (?), n. A heart. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Her"te*ly, a. & adv. Hearty; heartily. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Her"y (?), v. t. [AS. herian.] To worship; to glorify; to praise. [Obs.] Chaucer. Spenser.

Hes"i*tan*cy (?), n. [L. haesitantia a stammering.] 1. The act of hesitating, or pausing to consider; slowness in deciding; vacillation; also, the manner of one who hesitates.

2. A stammering; a faltering in speech.

Hes"i*tant (?), a. [L. haesitans, p. pr. of haesitare: cf. F. hÈsitant. See Hesitate.] 1. Not prompt in deciding or acting; hesitating.

2. Unready in speech. Baxter.

Hes"i*tant*ly, adv. With hesitancy or doubt.

Hes"i*tate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Hesitated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Hesitating.] [L. haesitatus, p. p. of haesitare, intens. fr. haerere to hesitate, stick fast; to hang or hold fast. Cf. Aghast, Gaze, Adhere.]

1. To stop or pause respecting decision or action; to be in suspense or uncertainty as to a determination; as, he hesitated whether to accept the offer or not; men often hesitate in forming a judgment. Pope.

2. To stammer; to falter in speaking.

Syn. -- To doubt; waver; scruple; deliberate; demur; falter; stammer.

Hes"i*tate, v. t. To utter with hesitation or to intimate by a reluctant manner. [Poetic & R.]

Just hint a fault, and hesitate dislike.

Pope.

Hes"i*ta`ting*ly, adv. With hesitation or doubt.

Hes`i*ta"tion (?), n. [L. haesitatio: cf. F. hÈsitation.] 1. The act of hesitating; suspension of opinion or action; doubt; vacillation.

2. A faltering in speech; stammering. Swift.

Hes"i*ta*tive (?), a. Showing, or characterized by, hesitation.

[He said] in his mild, hesitative way.

R. D. Blackmore.

Hes"i*ta*to*ry (?), a. Hesitating. R. North.

Hesp (?), n. [Cf. Icel. hespa a hasp, a wisp or skein. See Hasp.] A measure of two hanks of linen thread. [Scot.] [Written also hasp.] Knight.

Hes"per (?), n. [See Hesperian.] The evening; Hesperus.

Hes*per"e*tin (?), n. (Chem.) A white, crystalline substance having a sweetish taste, obtained by the decomposition of hesperidin, and regarded as a complex derivative of caffeic acid.

Hes*pe"ri*an (?), a. [L. hesperius, fr. hesperus the evening star, Gr. &?; evening, &?; &?; the evening star. Cf. Vesper.] Western; being in the west; occidental. [Poetic] Milton.

Hes*pe"ri*an, n. A native or an inhabitant of a western country. [Poetic] J. Barlow.

Hes*pe"ri*an, a. (Zoˆl.) Of or pertaining to a family of butterflies called HesperidÊ, or skippers. -- n. Any one of the numerous species of HesperidÊ; a skipper.

Hes"per*id (?), a. & n. (Zoˆl.) Same as 3d Hesperian.

Hes*per"i*dene (?), n. [See Hesperidium.] (Chem.) An isomeric variety of terpene from orange oil.

||Hes*per"i*des (?), n. pl. [L., fr. Gr. &?;.]

1. (Class. Myth.) The daughters of Hesperus, or Night (brother of Atlas), and fabled possessors of a garden producing golden apples, in Africa, at the western extremity of the known world. To slay the guarding dragon and get some of these apples was one of the labors of Hercules. Called also Atlantides.

2. The garden producing the golden apples.

It not love a Hercules, Still climbing trees in the Hesperides?

Shak.

Hes*per"i*din (?), n. [See Hesperidium.] (Chem.) A glucoside found in ripe and unripe fruit (as the orange), and extracted as a white crystalline substance.

||Hes`pe*rid"i*um (?), n. [NL. So called in allusion to the golden ||apples of the Hesperides. See Hesperides.] (Bot.) A large berry with ||a thick rind, as a lemon or an orange.

||Hes`pe*ror"nis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; western + &?;, &?;, a bird.] ||(Paleon.) A genus of large, extinct, wingless birds from the ||Cretaceous deposits of Kansas, belonging to the Odontornithes. They ||had teeth, and were essentially carnivorous swimming ostriches. ||Several species are known. See Illust. in Append.

||Hes"pe*rus (?), n. [L. See Hesper.] 1. Venus when she is the evening ||star; Hesper.

2. Evening. [Poetic]

The Sun was sunk, and after him the Star Of Hesperus.

Milton.

Hes"sian (?), a. Of or relating to Hesse, in Germany, or to the Hessians.

Hessian boots, or Hessians, boot of a kind worn in England, in the early part of the nineteenth century, tasseled in front. Thackeray. -- Hessian cloth, or Hessians, a coarse hempen cloth for sacking. -- Hessian crucible. See under Crucible. -- Hessian fly (Zoˆl.), a small dipterous fly or midge (Cecidomyia destructor). Its larvÊ live between the base of the lower leaves and the stalk of wheat, and are very destructive to young wheat; -- so called from the erroneous idea that it was brought into America by the Hessian troops, during the Revolution.

Hes"sian, n. 1. A native or inhabitant of Hesse.

2. A mercenary or venal person. [U. S.]

This use is a relic of the patriot hatred of the Hessian mercenaries who served with the British troops in the Revolutionary War.

3. pl. See Hessian boots and cloth, under Hessian, a.

Hess"ite (?), n. [After H. Hess.] (Min.) A lead-gray sectile mineral. It is a telluride of silver.

Hest (?), n. [AS. h&?;s, fr. h&?;tan to call, bid. See Hight, and cf. Behest.] Command; precept; injunction. [Archaic] See Behest. "At thy hest." Shak.

Let him that yields obey the victor's hest.

Fairfax.

Yet I thy hest will all perform, at full.

Tennyson.

{ Hes"tern (?), Hes*ter"nal (?), } a. [L. hesternus; akin to heri yesterday.] Pertaining to yesterday. [Obs.] See Yester, a. Ld. Lytton.

Hes"y*chast (?), n. [Gr. &?; hermit, fr. &?; to be still or quiet, fr. &?; still, calm.] One of a mystical sect of the Greek Church in the fourteenth century; a quietist. Brande & C.

{ He*tair"ism (?), Het"a*rism (?), } n. [Gr. &?; a companion, a concubine, fem. of &?; a comrade.] A supposed primitive state of society, in which all the women of a tribe were held in common. H. Spencer. -- Het`a*ris"tic (#), a.

Hetch"el (?), v. t. Same as Hatchel.

Hete (?), v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Hete, later Het.] Variant of Hote. [Obs.]

But one avow to greate God I hete.

Chaucer.

Het"er*a*canth (?), a. [Hetero- + Gr. &?; a spine.] (Zoˆl.) Having the spines of the dorsal fin unsymmetrical, or thickened alternately on the right and left sides.

Het"er*arch`y (?), n. [Hetero- + -archy.] The government of an alien. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

||Het`e*raux*e"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; the other + &?; growth.] ||(Bot.) Unequal growth of a cell, or of a part of a plant.

Het"er*o- (?). [Gr. "e`teros other.] A combining form signifying other, other than usual, different; as, heteroclite, heterodox, heterogamous.

Het`er*o*car"pism (?), n. [Hetero- + Gr.&?; fruit.] (Bot.) The power of producing two kinds of reproductive bodies, as in AmphicarpÊa, in which besides the usual pods, there are others underground.

Het`er*o*car"pous (?), a. (Bot.) Characterized by heterocarpism.

Het`er*o*ceph"a*lous (?), a. [Hetero- + Gr.&?; head.] (Bot.) Bearing two kinds of heads or capitula; -- said of certain composite plants.

||Het`e*roc"e*ra (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; other + &?; horn.] ||(Zoˆl.) A division of Lepidoptera, including the moths, and hawk ||moths, which have the antennÊ variable in form.

Het`er*o*cer"cal (?), a. [Hetero- + Gr. &?; tail.] (Anat.) Having the vertebral column evidently continued into the upper lobe of the tail, which is usually longer than the lower one, as in sharks.

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Het"er*o*cer`cy (?), n. [Hetero- + Gr. &?; a tail.] (Anat.) Unequal development of the tail lobes of fishes; the possession of a heterocercal tail.

Het`er*o*chro"mous (?; 277), a. [Hetero- + Gr. &?; color.] (Bot.) Having the central florets of a flower head of a different color from those of the circumference.

{ Het`er*och"ro*nism (?), Het`er*och"ro*ny (?), } n. [Gr. &?; of different times; &?; other + &?; time.] (Biol.) In evolution, a deviation from the typical sequence in the formation of organs or parts.

Het"er*o*clite, a. [L. heteroclitus, Gr. &?;; &?; other + &?; to lean, incline, inflect: cf. F. hÈtÈroclite.] Deviating from ordinary forms or rules; irregular; anomalous; abnormal.

Het"er*o*clite, n. 1. (Gram.) A word which is irregular or anomalous either in declension or conjugation, or which deviates from ordinary forms of inflection in words of a like kind; especially, a noun which is irregular in declension.

2. Any thing or person deviating from the common rule, or from common forms. Howell.

{ Het`er*o*clit"ic (?), Het`er*o*clit"ic*al (?), } a. [See Heteroclite.] Deviating from ordinary forms or rules; irregular; anomalous; abnormal.

Het`er*oc"li*tous (?), a. Heteroclitic. [Obs.]

Het"er*o*cyst (?), n. [Hetero- + cyst.] (Bot.) A cell larger than the others, and of different appearance, occurring in certain algÊ related to nostoc.

Het`er*o*dac"tyl (?), a. (Zoˆl.) Heterodactylous. -- n. One of the HeterodactylÊ.

||Het`e*ro*dac"ty*lÊ (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; other + &?; a ||finger.] (Zoˆl.) A group of birds including the trogons.

Het`er*o*dac"tyl*ous (?), a. [Hetero- + Gr. &?; a toe.] (Zoˆl.) Having the first and second toes turned backward, as in the trogons.

Het"er*o*dont (?), a. [Hetero- + Gr. &?;, &?; a tooth.] (Anat.) Having the teeth differentiated into incisors, canines, and molars, as in man; -- opposed to homodont.

Het"er*o*dont, n. (Zoˆl.) Any animal with heterodont dentition.

Het"er*o*dox (?), a. [Gr. &?;; &?; other + &?; opinion; cf. F. hÈtÈrodoxe.] 1. Contrary to, or differing from, some acknowledged standard, as the Bible, the creed of a church, the decree of a council, and the like; not orthodox; heretical; -- said of opinions, doctrines, books, etc., esp. upon theological subjects.

Raw and indigested, heterodox, preaching.

Strype.

2. Holding heterodox opinions, or doctrines not orthodox; heretical; -- said of persons. Macaulay.

-- Het"er*o*dox`ly, adv. -- Het"er*o*dox`ness, n.

Het"er*o*dox, n. An opinion opposed to some accepted standard. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Het"er*o*dox`al (?), a. Not orthodox. Howell.

Het"er*o*dox`y (?), n. [Gr. &?;: cf. F. hÈtÈrodoxie.] An opinion or doctrine, or a system of doctrines, contrary to some established standard of faith, as the Scriptures, the creed or standards of a church, etc.; heresy. Bp. Bull.

Het`er*od"ro*mous (?), a. [Hetero- + Gr. &?; to run.] 1. (Bot.) Having spirals of changing direction. Gray.

2. (Mech.) Moving in opposite directions; -- said of a lever, pulley, etc., in which the resistance and the actuating force are on opposite sides of the fulcrum or axis.

Het`er*og"a*mous (?), a. [Hetero- + Gr. ga`mos marriage: cf. F. hÈtÈrogame.] (Bot. & Biol.) (a) The condition of having two or more kinds of flowers which differ in regard to stamens and pistils, as in the aster. (b) Characterized by heterogamy.

Het`er*og"a*my (?), n. [See Heterogamous.]

1. (Bot.) The process of fertilization in plants by an indirect or circuitous method; -- opposed to orthogamy.

2. (Biol.) That form of alternate generation in which two kinds of sexual generation, or a sexual and a parthenogenetic generation, alternate; -- in distinction from metagenesis, where sexual and asexual generations alternate. Claus & Sedgwick.

Het`er*o*gan"gli*ate (?), a. [Hetero- + gangliate.] (Physiol.) Having the ganglia of the nervous system unsymmetrically arranged; -- said of certain invertebrate animals.

Het"er*o*gene (?), a. Heterogenous. [Obs.]

Het`er*o*ge"ne*al (?), a. Heterogeneous.

Het`er*o*ge*ne"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F. hÈtÈrogÈnÈitÈ.] The state of being heterogeneous; contrariety.

The difference, indeed the heterogeneity, of the two may be felt.

Coleridge.

Het`er*o*ge"ne*ous (?), a. [Gr. &?;; &?; + &?; race, kind; akin to E. kin: cf. F. hÈtÈrogËne.] Differing in kind; having unlike qualities; possessed of different characteristics; dissimilar; -- opposed to homogeneous, and said of two or more connected objects, or of a conglomerate mass, considered in respect to the parts of which it is made up. -- Het`er*o*ge"ne*ous*ly, adv. -- Het`er*o*ge"ne*ous*ness, n.

Heterogeneous nouns (Gram.), nouns having different genders in the singular and plural numbers; as, hic locus, of the masculine gender in the singular, and hi loci and hÊc loca, both masculine and neuter in the plural; hoc cÊlum, neuter in the singular; hi cÊli, masculine in the plural. -- Heterogeneous quantities (Math.), such quantities as are incapable of being compared together in respect to magnitude, and surfaces and solids. -- Heterogeneous surds (Math.), surds having different radical signs.

Het`er*o*gen"e*sis (?), n. [Hetero- + genesis.] 1. (Biol.) Spontaneous generation, so called.

2. (Biol.) That method of reproduction in which the successive generations differ from each other, the parent organism producing offspring different in habit and structure from itself, the original form, however, reappearing after one or more generations; -- opposed to homogenesis, or gamogenesis.

Het`er*o*ge*net"ic (?), a. (Biol.) Relating to heterogenesis; as, heterogenetic transformations.

Het`er*og"e*nist (?), n. (Biol.) One who believes in the theory of spontaneous generation, or heterogenesis. Bastian.

Het`er*og"e*nous (?), a. (Biol.) Of or pertaining to heterogenesis; heterogenetic.

Het`er*og"e*ny (?), n. (Biol.) Heterogenesis.

Het`er*og"o*nous (?), a. (Bot.) Characterized by heterogony. -- Het`er*og"o*nous*ly, adv.

Het`er*og"o*ny (?), n. [Hetero- + Gr. &?; offspring.] (Bot.) The condition of having two or more kinds of flowers, different as to the length of their stamens and pistils.

Het`er*o*graph"ic (?), a. [See Heterography.] Employing the same letters to represent different sounds in different words or syllables; -- said of methods of spelling; as, the ordinary English orthography is heterographic.

Het`er*og"ra*phy (?), n. [Hetero- + -graphy.] That method of spelling in which the same letters represent different sounds in different words, as in the ordinary English orthography; e. g., g in get and in ginger.

Het`er*og"y*nous (?), a. [Hetero- + Gr. &?; a woman, female.] (Zoˆl.) Having females very unlike the males in form and structure; -- as certain insects, the males of which are winged, and the females wingless.

Het`er*ol"o*gous (?), a. [Hetero- + Gr. &?; proportion.] Characterized by heterology; consisting of different elements, or of like elements in different proportions; different; -- opposed to homologous; as, heterologous organs.

Heterologous stimulus. (Physiol.) See under Stimulus. -- Heterologous tumor (Med.), a tumor differing in structure from the normal tissues of the body.

Het`er*ol"o*gy (?), n. [Hetero- + -logy.] 1. (Biol.) The absence of correspondence, or relation, in type of structure; lack of analogy between parts, owing to their being composed of different elements, or of like elements in different proportions; variation in structure from the normal form; -- opposed to homology.

2. (Chem.) The connection or relation of bodies which have partial identity of composition, but different characteristics and properties; the relation existing between derivatives of the same substance, or of the analogous members of different series; as, ethane, ethyl alcohol, acetic aldehyde, and acetic acid are in heterology with each other, though each in at the same time a member of a distinct homologous series. Cf. Homology.

||Het`e*rom"e*ra (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; other + &?; part.] ||(Zoˆl.) A division of Coleoptera, having heteromerous tarsi.

Het`er*om"er*ous (?), a. [See Heteromera.] 1. (Chem & Crystallog.) Unrelated in chemical composition, though similar or indentical in certain other respects; as, borax and augite are homúmorphous, but heteromerous.

2. (Bot.) With the parts not corresponding in number.

3. (Zoˆl.) (a) Having the femoral artery developed as the principal artery of the leg; -- said of certain birds, as the cotingas and pipras. (b) Having five tarsal joints in the anterior and middle legs, but only four in the posterior pair, as the blister beetles and oil beetles.

Het`er*o*mor"phic (?), a. [Hetero- + Gr. &?; form.] (Biol.) Deviating from the normal, perfect, or mature form; having different forms at different stages of existence, or in different individuals of the same species; -- applied especially to insects in which there is a wide difference of form between the larva and the adult, and to plants having more than one form of flower.

{ Het`er*o*mor"phism (?), Het`er*o*mor"phy (?), } n. (Biol.) The state or quality of being heteromorphic.

Het`er*o*mor"phous (?), a. (Biol.) Heteromorphic.

||Het`e*ro*my*a"ri*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; other + &?; a ||muscle.] (Zoˆl.) A division of bivalve shells, including the marine ||mussels, in which the two adductor muscles are very unequal. See ||Dreissena, and Illust. under Byssus.

||Het`e*ro*ne*re"is (?), n. [NL. See Hetero-, and Nereis.] (Zoˆl.) A ||free- swimming, dimorphic, sexual form of certain species of Nereis.

In this state the head and its appendages are changed in form, the eyes become very large; more or less of the parapodia are highly modified by the development of finlike lobes, and branchial lamellÊ, and their setÊ become longer and bladelike.

Het`er*on"o*mous (?), a. [Hetero- + Gr. no`mos law.] Subject to the law of another. Krauth-Fleming.

Het`er*on"o*my (?), n. 1. Subordination or subjection to the law of another; political subjection of a community or state; -- opposed to autonomy.

2. (Metaph.) A term applied by Kant to those laws which are imposed on us from without, or the violence done to us by our passions, wants, or desires. Krauth- Fleming.

Het"er*o*nym (?), n. That which is heteronymous; a thing having a different name or designation from some other thing; -- opposed to homonym.

Het`er*on"y*mous (?), a. [Hetero- + Gr. "o`nyma, for "o`noma a name.] Having different names or designations; standing in opposite relations. J. Le Conte.

-- Het"er*on"y*mous*ly, adv.

Het`er*o*ou`si*an (?), a. [Hetero- + Gr. &?; being, essence.] Having different essential qualities; of a different nature.

Het`er*o*ou"si*an (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) One of those Arians who held that the Son was of a different substance from the Father.

Het`er*o*ou"si*ous (?), a. See Heteroousian.

Het`er*o*path"ic (?), a. [Hetero- + Gr. &?; suffering, fr. &?;, &?;, to suffer.] Of or pertaining to the method of heteropathy; allopathic.

Het`er*op"a*thy (?), n. [See Heteropathic.] (Med.) That mode of treating diseases, by which a morbid condition is removed by inducing an opposite morbid condition to supplant it; allopathy.

Het`er*o*pel"mous (?), a. [Hetero- + Gr. &?; the sole of the foot.] (Anat.) Having each of the two flexor tendons of the toes bifid, the branches of one going to the first and second toes; those of the other, to the third and fourth toes. See Illust. in Append.

||Het`e*roph"a*gi (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; other + &?; to eat.] ||(Zoˆl.) Altrices.

Het`er*oph"e*mist (?), n. One liable to the fault of heterophemy.

Het`er*oph"e*my (?), n. [Hetero- + Gr. &?; voice, speech, fr. &?; to speak.] The unconscious saying, in speech or in writing, of that which one does not intend to say; -- frequently the very reverse of the thought which is present to consciousness. R. G. White.

Het`er*oph"o*ny (?), n. [Hetero- + Gr. &?; voice.] (Med.) An abnormal state of the voice. Mayne.

Het`er*oph"yl*lous (?), a. [Gr. &?; other + &?; leaf: cf. F. hÈtÈrophylle.] (Bot.) Having leaves of more than one shape on the same plant.

Het"er*o*plasm (?), n. [Hetero- + Gr. &?; anything formed or molded.] An abnormal formation foreign to the economy, and composed of elements different from those are found in it in its normal condition. Dunglison.

Het`er*o*plas"tic (?), a. [Hetero- + -plastic.] (Biol.) Producing a different type of organism; developing into a different form of tissue, as cartilage which develops into bone. Haeckel.

Het`er*o*pod (?), n. [Cf. F. hÈtÈropode.] (Zoˆl.) One of the Heteropoda. -- a. Heteropodous.

||Het`e*rop"o*da (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; other + -poda.] (Zoˆl.) ||An order of pelagic Gastropoda, having the foot developed into a ||median fin. Some of the species are naked; others, as Carinaria and ||Atlanta, have thin glassy shells.

Het`er*op"o*dous (?), a. (Zoˆl.) Of or pertaining to the Heteropoda.

Het`er*op"ter (?), n. One of the Heteroptera.

||Het`e*rop"te*ra (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. &?; other + &?; a wing.] ||(Zoˆl.) A suborder of Hemiptera, in which the base of the anterior ||wings is thickened. See Hemiptera.

Het`er*op"tics (?), n. [Hetero- + optics.] False optics. Spectator.

Het`er*os"cian (?), n. [Gr. &?;; &?; other + &?; shadow: cf. F. hÈtÈroscien.] One who lives either north or south of the tropics, as contrasted with one who lives on the other side of them; -- so called because at noon the shadows always fall in opposite directions (the one northward, the other southward).

||Het`e*ro"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; alteration, fr. &?; other, ||different.] (Rhet.) A figure of speech by which one form of a noun, ||verb, or pronoun, and the like, is used for another, as in the ||sentence: "What is life to such as me?" Aytoun.

||Het`e*ro*so"ma*ti (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; other + &?;, &?;, ||body.] (Zoˆl.) An order of fishes, comprising the flounders, halibut, ||sole, etc., having the body and head asymmetrical, with both eyes on ||one side. Called also Heterosomata, Heterosomi.

{ Het`er*o*spor"ic (?), Het`er*o*spor"ous (?), } a. [Hetero- + spore.] (Bot.) Producing two kinds of spores unlike each other.

Het"er*o*styled (?), a. (Bot.) Having styles of two or more distinct forms or lengths. Darwin.

Het`er*o*sty"lism (?), n. (Bot.) The condition of being heterostyled.

Het`er*o*tac"tous (?), a. (Biol.) Relating to, or characterized by, heterotaxy.

Het"er*o*tax`y (?), n. [Hetero- + Gr. &?; an arrangement, fr. &?; to arrange.] (Biol.) Variation in arrangement from that existing in a normal form; heterogenous arrangement or structure, as, in botany, the deviation in position of the organs of a plant, from the ordinary or typical arrangement.

{ Het`er*ot"o*pism (?), Het`er*ot"o*py (?), } n. [Hetero- + Gr. &?; place: cf. F. hÈtÈrotopie.] 1. (Med.) A deviation from the natural position; -- a term applied in the case of organs or growths which are abnormal in situation.

2. (Biol.) A deviation from the natural position of parts, supposed to be effected in thousands of years, by the gradual displacement of germ cells.

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||Het`e*rot"ri*cha (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; other + &?;, gen. &?;, ||a hair.] (Zoˆl.) A division of ciliated Infusoria, having fine cilia ||all over the body, and a circle of larger ones around the anterior ||end.

Het`er*ot"ro*pal (?), Het`er*ot"ro*pous (&?;), a. [Gr. "etero`tropos turning another way; &?; other + &?; to turn: cf. F. hÈtÈrotrope.] (Bot.) Having the embryo or ovule oblique or transverse to the funiculus; amphitropous. Gray.

He"thing (?), n. Contempt; scorn. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Het"man (?), n.; pl. Hetmans (#). [Pol. hetman. Cf. Ataman.] A Cossack headman or general. The title of chief hetman is now held by the heir to the throne of Russia.

Heugh (?), n. [Cf. Hogh.] 1. A crag; a cliff; a glen with overhanging sides. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]

2. A shaft in a coal pit; a hollow in a quarry. [Scot.]

Heuk (?), n. Variant of Huke. [Obs.]

Heu"land*ite (?), n. [After Heuland, an English mineralogist.] (Min.) A mineral of the Zeolite family, often occurring in amygdaloid, in foliated masses, and also in monoclinic crystals with pearly luster on the cleavage face. It is a hydrous silicate of alumina and lime.

Heu*ris"tic (h*rs"tk), a. [Gr. e"yri`skein to discover.] Serving to discover or find out.

Hev"ed (?), n. The head. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Hew (h), v. t. [imp. Hewed (hd); p. p. Hewed or Hewn (hn); p. pr. & vb. n. Hewing.] [AS. he·wan; akin to D. houwen, OHG. houwan, G. hauen, Icel. hˆggva, Sw. hugga, Dan. hugge, Lith. kova battle, Russ. kovate to hammer, forge. Cf. Hay cut grass, Hoe.] 1. To cut with an ax; to fell with a sharp instrument; -- often with down, or off. Shak.

2. To form or shape with a sharp instrument; to cut; hence, to form laboriously; -- often with out; as, to hew out a sepulcher.

Look unto the rock whence ye are hewn.

Is. li. 1.

Rather polishing old works than hewing out new.

Pope.

3. To cut in pieces; to chop; to hack.

Hew them to pieces; hack their bones asunder.

Shak.

Hew, n. Destruction by cutting down. [Obs.]

Of whom he makes such havoc and such hew.

Spenser.

Hew, n. 1. Hue; color. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. Shape; form. [Obs.] Spenser.

Hewe (?), n. [Cf. Hind a peasant.] A domestic servant; a retainer. [Obs.] "False homely hewe." Chaucer.

Hew"er (?), n. One who hews.

Hew"hole` (?), n. [Cf. Hickwall.] (Zoˆl.) The European green woodpecker. See Yaffle.

Hewn (?), a. 1. Felled, cut, or shaped as with an ax; roughly squared; as, a house built of hewn logs.

2. Roughly dressed as with a hammer; as, hewn stone.

Hex- (?), Hex"a (#). [Gr. "e`x six. See Six.] A prefix or combining form, used to denote six, sixth, etc.; as, hexatomic, hexabasic.

Hex`a*ba"sic (?), a. [Hexa- + basic.] (Chem.) Having six hydrogen atoms or six radicals capable of being replaced or saturated by bases; -- said of acids; as, mellitic acid is hexabasic.

Hex`a*cap"su*lar (?), a. [Hexa- + capsular.] (Bot.) Having six capsules or seed vessels.

Hex"a*chord (?), n. [Hexa- + Gr. &?; string, chord: cf. F. hexacorde.] (Mus.) A series of six notes, with a semitone between the third and fourth, the other intervals being whole tones.

Hex`ac"id (?), a. [Hex- + acid.] (Chem.) Having six atoms or radicals capable of being replaced by acids; hexatomic; hexavalent; -- said of bases; as, mannite is a hexacid base.

Hex*ac`ti*nel"lid (?), a. (Zoˆl.) Having six-rayed spicules; belonging to the HexactinellinÊ.

Hex*ac`ti*nel"line (?), a. [From NL. HexactinellinÊ, fr. Gr. "e`x six + a dim. of &?;, &?;, a ray.] (Zoˆl.) Belonging to the HexactinellinÊ, a group of sponges, having six-rayed siliceous spicules.

||Hex`ac*tin"i*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Hex-, and Actinia.] (Zoˆl.) The ||Anthozoa.

Hex"ad (?), n. [L. hexas, hexadis, the number six, Gr. &?;, &?;, fr. "e`x six.] (chem.) An atom whose valence is six, and which can be theoretically combined with, substituted for, or replaced by, six monad atoms or radicals; as, sulphur is a hexad in sulphuric acid. Also used as an adjective.

Hex`a*dac"tyl*ous (?), a. [Gr. &?;; "e`x six + &?; finger: cf. F. hexadactyle.] (Zoˆl.) Having six fingers or toes.

Hex"ade (?), n. [See Hexad.] A series of six numbers.

Hex"a*dec`ane (?), n. (Chem.) See Hecdecane.

Hex"a*gon (?), n. [L. hexagonum, Gr. &?; six-cornered; "e`x six (akin to E. six) + &?; angle.] (Geom.) A plane figure of six angles.

Regular hexagon, a hexagon in which the angles are all equal, and the sides are also all equal.

Hex*ag"o*nal (?), a. [Cf. F. hexagonal.] Having six sides and six angles; six- sided.

Hexagonal system. (Crystal.) See under Crystallization.

Hex*ag"o*nal*ly, adv. In an hexagonal manner.

Hex*ag"o*ny (?), n. A hexagon. [Obs.] Bramhall.

||Hex`a*gyn"i*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. "e`x six + gynh^ a woman, ||female: cf. F. hexagynie.] (Bot.) A LinnÊan order of plants having ||six pistils.

Hex`a*gyn"i*an (?), Hex*ag"y*nous (&?;), a. [Cf. F. hexagyne.] (Bot.) Having six pistils.

Hex`a*he"dral (?), a. In the form of a hexahedron; having six sides or faces.

Hex`a*he"dron (?), n.; pl. E. Hexahedrons (#), L. Hexahedra (#). [Hexa- + Gr. &?; seat, base, fr. &?; to sit: cf. F. hexaËdre.] (Geom.) A solid body of six sides or faces.

Regular hexahedron, a hexagon having six equal squares for its sides; a cube.

Hex`a*hem"er*on (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. "e`x six + &?; day; cf. L. hexaÎmeron, Gr. &?;.]

1. A term of six days. Good.

2. The history of the six day's work of creation, as contained in the first chapter of Genesis.

Hex*am"er*ous (?), a. [Hexa- + Gr.&?; part.] (Bot.) In six parts; in sixes.

Hex*am"e*ter (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. &?; of six meters; (sc. &?;) hexameter verse; "e`x six + &?; measure: cf. F. hexamËtre. See Six, and Meter.] (Gr. & Lat. Pros.) A verse of six feet, the first four of which may be either dactyls or spondees, the fifth must regularly be a dactyl, and the sixth always a spondee. In this species of verse are composed the Iliad of Homer and the ∆neid of Virgil. In English hexameters accent takes the place of quantity.

Leaped like the | roe when he | hears in the | woodland the | voice
of the | huntsman.

Longfellow.

Strongly it | bears us a- | long on | swelling and | limitless |
billows, Nothing be- | fore and | nothing be- | hind but the | sky
and the | ocean.

Coleridge.

Hex*am"e*ter, a. Having six metrical feet, especially dactyls and spondees. Holland.

{ Hex`a*met"ric (?), Hex`a*met"ric*al (?), } a. Consisting of six metrical feet.

Hex*am"e*trist (?), n. One who writes in hexameters. "The Christian hexametrists." Milman.

||Hex*an"dri*a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. "e`x six + &?;, &?;, a man, ||male: cf. F. hexandrie.] (Bot.) A LinnÊan class of plants having six ||stamens.

{ Hex*an"dri*an (?), Hex-an"drous (?), } a. [Cf. F. hexandre.] (Bot.) Having six stamens.

Hex"ane (?), n. [Gr. "e`x six.] (Chem.) Any one of five hydrocarbons, C6H14, of the paraffin series. They are colorless, volatile liquids, and are so called because the molecule has six carbon atoms.

Hex*an"gu*lar (?), a. [Hex- + angular. Cf. Sexangular.] Having six angles or corners.

Hex`a*pet"al*ous (?), a. [Hexa- + petal: cf. F. hexapÈtale.] (Bot.) Having six petals.

Hex*aph"yl*lous (?), a. [Hexa- + Gr. &?; a leaf: cf. F. hexaphylle.] (Bot.) Having six leaves or leaflets.

||Hex"a*pla (?), n. Etym. pl., but syntactically sing. [NL., fr. Gr. ||&?;, fr. &?;, contr. &?;, sixfold.] A collection of the Holy ||Scriptures in six languages or six versions in parallel columns; ||particularly, the edition of the Old Testament published by Origen, ||in the 3d century.

Hex"a*pod (?), a. [Gr. &?;, &?;, sixfooted; "e`x six + &?;, &?;, foot: cf. F. hexapode.] Having six feet. -- n. (Zoˆl.) An animal having six feet; one of the Hexapoda.

||Hex*ap"o*da (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. "e`x six + -poda.] (Zoˆl.) The ||true, or six-legged, insects; insects other than myriapods and ||arachnids.

The Hexapoda have the head, thorax, and abdomen differentiated, and are mostly winged. They have three pairs of mouth organs, viz., mandibles, maxillÊ, and the second maxillÊ or labial palpi; three pairs of thoracic legs; and abdominal legs, which are present only in some of the lowest forms, and in the larval state of some of the higher ones. Many (the Metabola) undergo a complete metamorphosis, having larvÊ (known as maggots, grubs, caterpillars) very unlike the adult, and pass through a quiescent pupa state in which no food is taken; others (the Hemimetabola) have larvÊ much like the adult, expert in lacking wings, and an active pupa, in which rudimentary wings appear. See Insecta. The Hexapoda are divided into several orders.

Hex*ap"o*dous (?), a. (Zoˆl.) Having six feet; belonging to the Hexapoda.

Hex*ap"ter*ous (?), a. [Hexa- + Gr. &?; wing.] (Bot.) Having six processes. Gray.

{ Hex"a*stich (?), ||Hex*as"ti*chon (?), } n. [L. hexastichus of six rows, lines, or verses, Gr. &?;; "e`x six + sti`chos row, line, verse.] A poem consisting of six verses or lines.

Hex"a*style (?), a. [Gr. &?; with six columns; "e`x six + column: cf. F. hexastyle.] (Arch.) Having six columns in front; -- said of a portico or temple. -- n. A hexastyle portico or temple.

Hex"a*teuch` (?), n. [Hexa- + &?; a tool, a book.] The first six books of the Old Testament.

Hex`a*tom"ic (?), a. [Hex- + atomic.] (Chem.) (a) Having six atoms in the molecule. [R.] (b) Having six replaceable radicals.

Hex*av"a*lent (?), a. [Hexa- + L. valens, -entis, p. pr. See Valence.] (Chem.) Having a valence of six; -- said of hexads.

Hex"de*cyl (?), n. [Hex- + decyl.] (Chem.) The essential radical, C16H33, of hecdecane.

Hex`de*cyl"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, hexdecyl or hecdecane; as, hexdecylic alcohol.

Hex*ei"ko*sane (?), n. [Hex- + eikosane.] (chem.) A hydrocarbon, C26H54, resembling paraffine; -- so called because each molecule has twenty-six atoms of carbon. [Written also hexacosane.]

Hex"ene (?), n. [Gr. "e`x six.] (Chem.) Same as Hexylene.

Hex`i*col"ogy (?), n. [Gr. &?; state or habit + -logy.] The science which treats of the complex relations of living creatures to other organisms, and to their surrounding conditions generally. St. George Mivart.

Hex"ine (?), n. [Gr. "e`x six.] (Chem.) A hydrocarbon, C6H10, of the acetylene series, obtained artificially as a colorless, volatile, pungent liquid; -- called also hexoylene.

Hex*oc`ta*he"dron (?), n. [Hex- + octahedron.] (Geom.) A solid having forty-eight equal triangular faces.

Hex*o"ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, hexane; as, hexoic acid.

Hex"one (?), n. [Hex- + - one.] (Chem.) A liquid hydrocarbon, C6H8, of the valylene series, obtained from distillation products of certain fats and gums.

Hex"yl (?), n. [Hex- + - yl.] (chem.) A compound radical, C6H13, regarded as the essential residue of hexane, and a related series of compounds.

Hex"yl*ene (?), n. [Hex- + - yl + ethlene.] (Chem.) A colorless, liquid hydrocarbon, C6H12, of the ethylene series, produced artificially, and found as a natural product of distillation of certain coals; also, any one several isomers of hexylene proper. Called also hexene.

Hex*yl"ic (?), a. (chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, hexyl or hexane; as, hexylic alcohol.

Hey (?), a. [See High.] High. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Hey (?), interj. [OE. hei; cf. D. & G. hei.] 1. An exclamation of joy, surprise, or encouragement. Shak.

2. A cry to set dogs on. Shak.

Hey"day` (?), interj. [Cf. G. heida, or hei da, D. hei daar. Cf. Hey, and There.] An expression of frolic and exultation, and sometimes of wonder. B. Jonson.

Hey"day` (?), n. [Prob. for. high day. See High, and Day.] The time of triumph and exultation; hence, joy, high spirits, frolicsomeness; wildness.

The heyday in the blood is tame.

Shak.

In the heyday of their victories.

J. H. Newman.

Hey"de*guy (?), n. [Perh. fr. heyday + guise.] A kind of country-dance or round. [Obs.] Spenser.

Heyh, Heygh (&?;), a. High. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Heyne (?), n. [AS. he·n low, mean.] A wretch; a rascal. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Hey"ten (?), adv. [Icel. h&?;&?;an.] Hence. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Hi*a"tion (?), n. [See Hiatus.] Act of gaping. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

Hi*a"tus (?), n.; pl. L. Hiatus, E. Hiatuses (#). [L., fr. hiare, hiatum, to gape; akin to E. yawn. See Yawn.] 1. An opening; an aperture; a gap; a chasm; esp., a defect in a manuscript, where some part is lost or effaced; a space where something is wanting; a break.

2. (Gram.) The concurrence of two vowels in two successive words or syllables. Pope.

Hi*ber"na*cle (?), n. [L. hibernaculum a winter residence, pl. hibernacula winter quarters: cf. F. hibernacle. See Hibernate.] That which serves for protection or shelter in winter; winter quarters; as, the hibernacle of an animal or a plant. Martyn.

||Hi`ber*nac"u*lum (?), n. [See Hibernacle.] 1. (Bot.) A winter bud, in ||which the rudimentary foliage or flower, as of most trees and shrubs ||in the temperate zone, is protected by closely overlapping scales.

2. (Zoˆl.) A little case in which certain insects pass the winter.

3. Winter home or abiding place. J. Burroughs.

Hi*ber"nal (?), a. [L. hibernalis, from the root of hiems winter; akin to Gr. &?; snow, Skr. hima cold, winter, snow: cf. F. hibernal.] Belonging or relating to winter; wintry; winterish. Sir T. Browne.

Hi"ber*nate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Hibernated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Hibernating (?).] [L. hibernare, hibernatum, fr. hibernus wintry. See Hibernal.] To winter; to pass the season of winter in close quarters, in a torpid or lethargic state, as certain mammals, reptiles, and insects.

Inclination would lead me to hibernate, during half the year, in
this uncomfortable climate of Great Britain.

Southey.

Hi`ber*na"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. hibernation.] The act or state of hibernating. Evelyn.

Hi*ber"ni*an (?), a. [L. Hibernia, Ireland.] Of or pertaining to Hibernia, now Ireland; Irish. -- n. A native or an inhabitant of Ireland.

{ Hi*ber"ni*cism (?), Hi*ber"ni*an*ism (?), } n. An idiom or mode of speech peculiar to the Irish. Todd.

Hi*ber"no-Celt"ic (?), n. The native language of the Irish; that branch of the Celtic languages spoken by the natives of Ireland. Also adj.

Hi*bis"cus (?), n. [L., marsh mallow; cf. Gr. &?;.] (Bot.) A genus of plants (herbs, shrubs, or trees), some species of which have large, showy flowers. Some species are cultivated in India for their fiber, which is used as a substitute for hemp. See Althea, Hollyhock, and Manoe.

Hic"ci*us doc"ti*us (?). [Corrupted fr. L. hic est doctus this is a learned man.] A juggler. [Cant] Hudibras.

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Hic"cough (?; 277), n. [OE. hickup, hicket, hickock; prob. of imitative origin; cf. D. & Dan. hik, Sw. hicka, Armor. hak, hik, W. ig, F. hoquet.] (Physiol.) A modified respiratory movement; a spasmodic inspiration, consisting of a sudden contraction of the diaphragm, accompanied with closure of the glottis, so that further entrance of air is prevented, while the impulse of the column of air entering and striking upon the closed glottis produces a sound, or hiccough. [Written also hickup or hiccup.]

Hic"cough (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Hiccoughed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Hiccoughing.] To have a hiccough or hiccoughs.

Hick"o*ry (?), n. [North American Indian pawcohiccora (Capt. J. Smith) a kind of milk or oily liquor pressed from pounded hickory nuts. "Pohickory" is named in a list of Virginia trees, in 1653, and this was finally shortened to "hickory." J. H. Trumbull.] (Bot.) An American tree of the genus Carya, of which there are several species. The shagbark is the C. alba, and has a very rough bark; it affords the hickory nut of the markets. The pignut, or brown hickory, is the C. glabra. The swamp hickory is C. amara, having a nut whose shell is very thin and the kernel bitter.

Hickory shad. (Zoˆl.) (a) The mattowacca, or fall herring. (b) The gizzard shad.

Hicks"ite (?), n. A member or follower of the "liberal" party, headed by Elias Hicks, which, because of a change of views respecting the divinity of Christ and the Atonement, seceded from the conservative portion of the Society of Friends in the United States, in 1827.

Hick"up (?), n. & v. i. See Hiccough.

{ Hick"wall` (?), Hick"way` (?), } n. [OE., also hyghwhele, highawe.] The lesser spotted woodpecker (Dendrocopus minor) of Europe. [Prov. Eng.]

Hid (?), imp. & p. p. of Hide. See Hidden.

Hid"age (?), n. [From hide a quantity of land.] (O. Eng. Law.) A tax formerly paid to the kings of England for every hide of land. [Written also hydage.]

Hi*dal"go (?), n. [Sp., contr. fr. hijo de algo, i. e., son of something; hijo son (fr. LL. filius) + algo something, fr. L. aliquod. Cf. Fidalgo.] A title, denoting a Spanish nobleman of the lower class.

Hid"den (?), p. p. & a. from Hide. Concealed; put out of view; secret; not known; mysterious.

Hidden fifths or octaves (Mus.), consecutive fifths or octaves, not sounded, but suggested or implied in the parallel motion of two parts towards a fifth or an octave.

Syn. -- Hidden, Secret, Covert. Hidden may denote either known to on one; as, a hidden disease; or intentionally concealed; as, a hidden purpose of revenge. Secret denotes that the thing is known only to the party or parties concerned; as, a secret conspiracy. Covert literally denotes what is not open or avowed; as, a covert plan; but is often applied to what we mean shall be understood, without openly expressing it; as, a covert allusion. Secret is opposed to known, and hidden to revealed.

Bring to light the hidden things of darkness.

1 Cor. iv. 5.

My heart, which by a secret harmony Still moves with thine, joined
in connection sweet.

Milton.

By what best way, Whether of open war, or covert guile, We now
debate.

Milton.

Hid"den*ite (?), n. [After W. E. Hidden.] (Min.) An emerald-green variety of spodumene found in North Carolina; lithia emerald, -- used as a gem.

Hid"den*ly (?), adv. In a hidden manner.

Hide (hd), v. t. [imp. Hid (hd); p. p. Hidden (hd"d'n), Hid; p. pr. & vb. n. Hiding (hd"ng).] [OE. hiden, huden, AS. hdan; akin to Gr. key`qein, and prob. to E. house, hut, and perh. to E. hide of an animal, and to hoard. Cf. Hoard.] 1. To conceal, or withdraw from sight; to put out of view; to secrete.

A city that is set on an hill can not be hid.

Matt. v. 15.

If circumstances lead me, I will find Where truth is hid.

Shak.

2. To withhold from knowledge; to keep secret; to refrain from avowing or confessing.

Heaven from all creatures hides the book of fate.

Pope.

3. To remove from danger; to shelter.

In the time of trouble he shall hide me in his pavilion.

Ps. xxvi. 5.

To hide one's self, to put one's self in a condition to be safe; to secure protection. "A prudent man foreseeth the evil, and hideth himself." Prov. xxii. 3. -- To hide the face, to withdraw favor. "Thou didst hide thy face, and I was troubled." Ps. xxx. 7. -- To hide the face from. (a) To overlook; to pardon. "Hide thy face from my sins." Ps. li. 9. (b) To withdraw favor from; to be displeased with.

Syn. -- To conceal; secrete; disguise; dissemble; screen; cloak; mask; veil. See Conceal.

Hide, v. i. To lie concealed; to keep one's self out of view; to be withdrawn from sight or observation.

Bred to disguise, in public 'tis you hide.

Pope.

Hide and seek, a play of children, in which some hide themselves, and others seek them. Swift.

Hide, n. [AS. hd, earlier hged; prob. orig., land enough to support a family; cf. AS. hwan, hgan, members of a household, and E. hind a peasant.] (O. Eng. Law.) (a) An abode or dwelling. (b) A measure of land, common in Domesday Book and old English charters, the quantity of which is not well ascertained, but has been differently estimated at 80, 100, and 120 acres. [Written also hyde.]

Hide, n. [OE. hide, hude, AS. hd; akin to D. huid, OHG. ht, G. haut, Icel. h, Dan. & Sw. hud, L. cutis, Gr. ky`tos; and cf. Gr. sky`tos skin, hide, L. scutum shield, and E. sky. &radic;13.] 1. The skin of an animal, either raw or dressed; -- generally applied to the undressed skins of the larger domestic animals, as oxen, horses, etc.

2. The human skin; -- so called in contempt.

O tiger's heart, wrapped in a woman's hide!

Shak.

Hide (hd), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hided; p. pr. & vb. n. Hiding.] To flog; to whip. [Prov. Eng. & Low, U. S.]

Hide"bound` (?), a. 1. Having the skin adhering so closely to the ribs and back as not to be easily loosened or raised; -- said of an animal.

2. (Hort.) Having the bark so close and constricting that it impedes the growth; -- said of trees. Bacon.

3. Untractable; bigoted; obstinately and blindly or stupidly conservative. Milton. Carlyle.

4. Niggardly; penurious. [Obs.] Quarles.

Hid"e*ous (hd"*s; 277), a. [OE. hidous, OF. hidous, hidos, hidus, hisdos, hisdous, F. hideux: cf. OF. hide, hisde, fright; of uncertain origin; cf. OHG. egid horror, or L. hispidosus, for hispidus rough, bristly, E. hispid.] 1. Frightful, shocking, or offensive to the eyes; dreadful to behold; as, a hideous monster; hideous looks. "A piteous and hideous spectacle." Macaulay.

2. Distressing or offensive to the ear; exciting terror or dismay; as, a hideous noise. "Hideous cries." Shak.

3. Hateful; shocking. "Sure, you have some hideous matter to deliver." Shak.

Syn. -- Frightful; ghastly; grim; grisly; horrid; dreadful; terrible.

-- Hid"e*ous*ly, adv. -- Hid"e*ous*ness, n.

Hid"er (?), n. One who hides or conceals.

Hid"ing, n. The act of hiding or concealing, or of withholding from view or knowledge; concealment.

There was the hiding of his power.

Hab. iii. 4.

Hid"ing, n. A flogging. [Colloq.] Charles Reade.

Hie (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Hied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Hying.] [OE. hien, hihen, highen, AS. higian to hasten, strive; cf. L. ciere to put in motion, call upon, rouse, Gr. &?; to go, E. cite.] To hasten; to go in haste; -- also often with the reciprocal pronoun. [Rare, except in poetry] "My husband hies him home." Shak.

The youth, returning to his mistress, hies.

Dryden.

Hie, n. Haste; diligence. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Hi"ems (?), n. [L.] Winter. Shak.

||Hi"e*ra*pi"cra (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; sacred + &?; bitter.] (med.) ||A warming cathartic medicine, made of aloes and canella bark. ||Dunglison.

Hi"er*arch (?), n. [LL. hierarcha, Gr. &?;; "iero`s sacred (akin to Skr. ishiras vigorous, fresh, blooming) + &?; leader, ruler, fr. &?; to lead, rule: cf. F. hiÈrarque.] One who has high and controlling authority in sacred things; the chief of a sacred order; as, princely hierarchs. Milton.

{ Hi"er*arch`al (?), Hi`er*arch"ic (?), } a. Pertaining to a hierarch. "The great hierarchal standard." Milton.

Hi`er*arch"ic*al (?), a. [Cf. F. hiÈrarchique.] Pertaining to a hierarchy. -- Hi`er*arch`ic*al*ly, adv.

Hi"er*arch`ism (?), n. The principles or authority of a hierarchy.

The more dominant hierarchism of the West.

Milman.

Hi"er*arch`y (-), n.; pl. Hierarchies (-z). [Gr. 'ierarchi`a: cf. F. hiÈrarchie.] 1. Dominion or authority in sacred things.

2. A body of officials disposed organically in ranks and orders each subordinate to the one above it; a body of ecclesiastical rulers.

3. A form of government administered in the church by patriarchs, metropolitans, archbishops, bishops, and, in an inferior degree, by priests. Shipley.

4. A rank or order of holy beings.

Standards and gonfalons . . . for distinction serve Of hierarchies,
of orders, and degrees.

Milton.

Hi`er*at"ic (?), a. [L. hieraticus, Gr. &?;; akin to "iero`s sacred: cf. F. hiÈratique.] Consecrated to sacred uses; sacerdotal; pertaining to priests.

Hieratic character, a mode of ancient Egyptian writing; a modified form of hieroglyphics, tending toward a cursive hand and formerly supposed to be the sacerdotal character, as the demotic was supposed to be that of the people.

It was a false notion of the Greeks that of the three kinds of
writing used by the Egyptians, two -- for that reason called
hieroglyphic and hieratic -- were employed only for sacred, while
the third, the demotic, was employed for secular, purposes. No such
distinction is discoverable on the more ancient Egyptian monuments;
bur we retain the old names founded on misapprehension.

W. H. Ward (Johnson's Cyc.).

Hi`er*oc"ra*cy (?), n. [Gr. "iero`s sacred + &?; to be strong, rule.] Government by ecclesiastics; a hierarchy. Jefferson.

{ Hi"er*o*glyph (?), Hi`er*o*glyph"ic (?), } n. [Cf. F. hiÈroglyphe. See Hieroglyphic, a.]