Chapter XXXVII: Part 37

Gulf Stream (Geog.), the warm ocean current of the North Atlantic. It originates in the westward equatorial current, due to the trade winds, is deflected northward by Cape St. Roque through the Gulf of Mexico, and flows parallel to the coast of North America, turning eastward off the island of Nantucket. Its average rate of flow is said to be about two miles an hour. The similar Japan current, or Kuro-Siwo, is sometimes called the Gulf Stream of the Pacific. -- Gulf weed (Bot.), a branching seaweed (Sargassum bacciferum, or sea grape), having numerous berrylike air vessels, -- found in the Gulf Stream, in the Sargasso Sea, and elsewhere.

Gulf"y (?), a. Full of whirlpools or gulfs. Chapman.

Gul"gul (?), n. [Hind. galgal.] A cement made in India from sea shells, pulverized and mixed with oil, and spread over a ship's bottom, to prevent the boring of worms.

Gu"list (?), n. [L. gulo.] A glutton. [Obs.]

Gull (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gulled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Gulling.] [Prob. fr. gull the bird; but cf. OSw. gylla to deceive, D. kullen, and E. cullibility.] To deceive; to cheat; to mislead; to trick; to defraud.

The rulgar, gulled into rebellion, armed.

Dryden.

I'm not gulling him for the emperor's service.

Coleridge.

Gull, n. 1. A cheating or cheat; trick; fraud. Shak.

2. One easily cheated; a dupe. Shak.

Gull, n. [Of Celtic origin; cf. Corn. gullan, W. gwylan.] (Zoˆl.) One of many species of long-winged sea birds of the genus Larus and allied genera.

Among the best known American species are the herring gull (Larus argentatus), the great black-backed gull (L. murinus) the laughing gull (L. atricilla), and Bonaparte's gull (L. Philadelphia). The common European gull is Larus canus.

Gull teaser (Zoˆl.), the jager; -- also applied to certain species of terns.

Gull"age (?), n. Act of being gulled. [Obs.]

Had you no quirk. To avoid gullage, sir, by such a creature?

B. Jonson

Gull"er (?), n. One who gulls; a deceiver.

Gull"er*y (?), n. An act, or the practice, of gulling; trickery; fraud. [R.] "A mere gullery." Selden.

Gul"let (?), n. [OE. golet, OF. Goulet, dim. of gole, goule, throat, F. gueule, L. gula; perh. akin to Skr. gula, G. kenle; cf. F. goulet the neck of a bottle, goulotte channel gutter. Cf. Gules, Gully.] 1. (Anat.) The tube by which food and drink are carried from the pharynx to the stomach; the esophagus.

2. Something shaped like the food passage, or performing similar functions; as: (a) A channel for water. (b) (Engin.) A preparatory cut or channel in excavations, of sufficient width for the passage of earth wagons. (c) A concave cut made in the teeth of some saw blades.

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Gul"let*ing (?), n. (Engin.) A system of excavating by means of gullets or channels.

Gul"li*ble (?), a. Easily gulled; that may be duped. -- Gul"li*bii`i*ty (#), n. Burke.

Gull"ish (?), a. Foolish; stupid. [Obs.]

Gull"ish*ness, n. [Obs.]

Gul"ly (?), n.; pl. Gulles (#). [Etymol. uncertain] A large knife. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.

Gul"ly, n.; pl. Gullies (#). [Formerly gullet.] 1. A channel or hollow worn in the earth by a current of water; a short deep portion of a torrent's bed when dry.

2. A grooved iron rail or tram plate. [Eng.]

Gully gut, a glutton. [Obs.] Chapman. -- Gully hole, the opening through which gutters discharge surface water.

Gul"ly, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gullied (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Gullying.] To wear into a gully or into gullies.

Gul"ly, v. i. To flow noisily. [Obs.] Johnson.

Gu*los"i*ty (?), n. [L. gulositas, fr. gulosus gluttonous. See Gullet.] Excessive appetite; greediness; voracity. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

Gulp (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gulped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Gulping.] [D. gulpen, cf. OD. golpe gulf.] To swallow eagerly, or in large draughts; to swallow up; to take down at one swallow.

He does not swallow, but he gulps it down.

Cowper.

The old man . . . glibly gulped down the whole narrative.

Fielding.

To gulp up, to throw up from the stomach; to disgorge.

Gulp, n. 1. The act of taking a large mouthful; a swallow, or as much as is awallowed at once.

2. A disgorging. [Colloq.]

Gulph (?), n. [Obs.] See Gulf.

Gult (?), n. Guilt. See Guilt. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Gult"y (?), a. Guilty. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Gul"y (?), a. Of or pertaining to gules; red. "Those fatal guly dragons." Milton.

Gum (?), n. [OE. gome, AS. gama palate; akin Co G. gaumen, OHG. goumo, guomo, Icel. g&?;mr, Sw. gom; cf. Gr. &?; to gape.] The dense tissues which invest the teeth, and cover the adjacent parts of the jaws.

Gum rash (Med.), strophulus in a teething child; red gum. -- Gum stick, a smooth hard substance for children to bite upon while teething.

Gum, v. t. To deepen and enlarge the spaces between the teeth of (a worn saw). See Gummer.

Gum, n. [OE. gomme, gumme, F. gomme, L. gummi and commis, fr. Gr. &?;, prob. from an Egyptian form kam&?;; cf. It. gomma.] 1. A vegetable secretion of many trees or plants that hardens when it exudes, but is soluble in water; as, gum arabic; gum tragacanth; the gum of the cherry tree. Also, with less propriety, exudations that are not soluble in water; as, gum copal and gum sandarac, which are really resins.

2. (Bot.) See Gum tree, below.

3. A hive made of a section of a hollow gum tree; hence, any roughly made hive; also, a vessel or bin made of a hollow log. [Southern U. S.]

4. A rubber overshoe. [Local, U. S.]

Black gum, Blue gum, British gum, etc. See under Black, Blue, etc. -- Gum Acaroidea, the resinous gum of the Australian grass tree (Xanlhorrhúa). -- Gum animal (Zoˆl.), the galago of West Africa; -- so called because it feeds on gums. See Galago. -- Gum animi or animÈ. See AnimÈ. - - Gum arabic, a gum yielded mostly by several species of Acacia (chiefly A. vera and A. Arabica) growing in Africa and Southern Asia; -- called also gum acacia. East Indian gum arabic comes from a tree of the Orange family which bears the elephant apple. -- Gum butea, a gum yielded by the Indian plants Butea frondosa and B. superba, and used locally in tanning and in precipitating indigo. -- Gum cistus, a plant of the genus Cistus (Cistus ladaniferus), a species of rock rose. -- Gum dragon. See Tragacanth. -- Gum elastic, Elastic gum. See Caoutchouc. -- Gum elemi. See Elemi. -- Gum juniper. See Sandarac. -- Gum kino. See under Kino. -- Gum lac. See Lac. -- Gum Ladanum, a fragrant gum yielded by several Oriental species of Cistus or rock rose. -- Gum passages, sap receptacles extending through the parenchyma of certain plants (AmygdalaceÊ, CactaceÊ, etc.), and affording passage for gum. -- Gum pot, a varnish maker's utensil for melting gum and mixing other ingredients. -- Gum resin, the milky juice of a plant solidified by exposure to air; one of certain inspissated saps, mixtures of, or having properties of, gum and resin; a resin containing more or less mucilaginous and gummy matter. -- Gum sandarac. See Sandarac. -- Gum Senegal, a gum similar to gum arabic, yielded by trees (Acacia Verek and A. Adansoni‰) growing in the Senegal country, West Africa. -- Gum tragacanth. See Tragacanth. -- Gum tree, the name given to several trees in America and Australia: (a) The black gum (Nyssa multiflora), one of the largest trees of the Southern States, bearing a small blue fruit, the favorite food of the opossum. Most of the large trees become hollow. (b) A tree of the genus Eucalyptus. See Eucalpytus. (c) The sweet gum tree of the United States (Liquidambar styraciflua), a large and beautiful tree with pointedly lobed leaves and woody burlike fruit. It exudes an aromatic terebinthine juice. -- Gum water, a solution of gum, esp. of gum arabic, in water. -- Gum wood, the wood of any gum tree, esp. the wood of the Eucalyptus piperita, of New South Wales.

Gum, v. t. [imp. &. p. Gummed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Gumming.] To smear with gum; to close with gum; to unite or stiffen by gum or a gumlike substance; to make sticky with a gumlike substance.

He frets like a gummed velvet.

Shak.

Gum, v. i. To exude or from gum; to become gummy.

Gum"bo (?), n. [Written also gombo.] 1. A soup thickened with the mucilaginous pods of the okra; okra soup.

2. The okra plant or its pods.

Gum"boil (?), n. (Med.) A small suppurating inflamed spot on the gum.

||Gum"ma (?), n.; pl. Gummata (#). [NL. So called from its gummy ||contents See Gum.] (Med.) A kind of soft tumor, usually of syphilitic ||origin.

Gum*ma"tous (?), a. (Med.) Belonging to, or resembling, gumma.

Gum"mer (?), n. [From 2d Gum.] A punch-cutting tool, or machine for deepening and enlarging the spaces between the teeth of a worn saw.

Gum*mif"er*ous (?), a. [L. gummi gum + -ferous.] Producing gum; gum- bearing.

Gum"mi*ness (?), n. The state or quality of being gummy; viscousness.

Gum"mite (?), n. [So called because it occurs in rounded or flattened pieces which look like gum.] (Min.) A yellow amorphous mineral, essentially a hydrated oxide of uranium derived from the alteration of uraninite.

Gum*mos"i*ty (?), n. Gumminess; a viscous or adhesive quality or nature. [R.] Floyer.

Gum"mous (?), a. [L. gummosus; cf. F. gommeux.] 1. Gumlike, or composed of gum; gummy.

2. (Med.) Of or pertaining to a gumma.

Gum"my (?), a. [Compar. Gummer (&?;); superl. Gummirst.] Consisting of gum; viscous; adhesive; producing or containing gum; covered with gum or a substance resembling gum.

Kindles the gummy bark of fir or pine.

Milton.

Then rubs his gummy eyes.

Dryden.

Gummy tumor (Med.), a gumma.

Gump (gmp), n. [Cf. Sw. & Dan. gump buttocks, rump, Icel. gumpr.] A dolt; a dunce. [Low.] Holloway.

Gump"tion (?), n. [OE. gom, gome, attention; akin to AS. geÛmian, gyman, to regard, observe, gyme care, OS. gomean to heed, Goth. gaumjan to see, notice.]

1. Capacity; shrewdness; common sense. [Colloq.]

One does not have gumption till one has been properly cheated.

Lord Lytton.

2. (Paint.) (a) The art of preparing colors. Sir W. Scott.

(b) Megilp. Fairholt.

Gun (gn), n. [OE. gonne, gunne; of uncertain origin; cf. Ir., Gael., & LL. gunna, W. gum; possibly (like cannon) fr. L. canna reed, tube; or abbreviated fr. OF. mangonnel, E. mangonel, a machine for hurling stones.] 1. A weapon which throws or propels a missile to a distance; any firearm or instrument for throwing projectiles by the explosion of gunpowder, consisting of a tube or barrel closed at one end, in which the projectile is placed, with an explosive charge behind, which is ignited by various means. Muskets, rifles, carbines, and fowling pieces are smaller guns, for hand use, and are called small arms. Larger guns are called cannon, ordnance, fieldpieces, carronades, howitzers, etc. See these terms in the Vocabulary.

As swift as a pellet out of a gunne When fire is in the powder
runne.

Chaucer.

The word gun was in use in England for an engine to cast a thing
from a man long before there was any gunpowder found out.

Selden.

2. (Mil.) A piece of heavy ordnance; in a restricted sense, a cannon.

3. pl. (Naut.) Violent blasts of wind.

Guns are classified, according to their construction or manner of loading as rifled or smoothbore, breech- loading or muzzle-loading, cast or built-up guns; or according to their use, as field, mountain, prairie, seacoast, and siege guns.

Armstrong gun, a wrought iron breech-loading cannon named after its English inventor, Sir William Armstrong. -- Great gun, a piece of heavy ordnance; hence (Fig.), a person superior in any way. -- Gun barrel, the barrel or tube of a gun. -- Gun carriage, the carriage on which a gun is mounted or moved. -- Gun cotton (Chem.), a general name for a series of explosive nitric ethers of cellulose, obtained by steeping cotton in nitric and sulphuric acids. Although there are formed substances containing nitric acid radicals, yet the results exactly resemble ordinary cotton in appearance. It burns without ash, with explosion if confined, but quietly and harmlessly if free and open, and in small quantity. Specifically, the lower nitrates of cellulose which are insoluble in ether and alcohol in distinction from the highest (pyroxylin) which is soluble. See Pyroxylin, and cf. Xyloidin. The gun cottons are used for blasting and somewhat in gunnery: for making celluloid when compounded with camphor; and the soluble variety (pyroxylin) for making collodion. See Celluloid, and Collodion. Gun cotton is frequenty but improperly called nitrocellulose. It is not a nitro compound, but an ethereal salt of nitric acid. -- Gun deck. See under Deck. -- Gun fire, the time at which the morning or the evening gun is fired. -- Gun metal, a bronze, ordinarily composed of nine parts of copper and one of tin, used for cannon, etc. The name is also given to certain strong mixtures of cast iron. -- Gun port (Naut.), an opening in a ship through which a cannon's muzzle is run out for firing. -- Gun tackle (Naut.), the blocks and pulleys affixed to the side of a ship, by which a gun carriage is run to and from the gun port. - - Gun tackle purchase (Naut.), a tackle composed of two single blocks and a fall. Totten. -- Krupp gun, a wrought steel breech-loading cannon, named after its German inventor, Herr Krupp. -- Machine gun, a breech-loading gun or a group of such guns, mounted on a carriage or other holder, and having a reservoir containing cartridges which are loaded into the gun or guns and fired in rapid succession, sometimes in volleys, by machinery operated by turning a crank. Several hundred shots can be fired in a minute with accurate aim. The Gatling gun, Gardner gun, Hotchkiss gun, and Nordenfelt gun, named for their inventors, and the French mitrailleuse, are machine guns. -- To blow great guns (Naut.), to blow a gale. See Gun, n., 3.

Gun (?), v. i. To practice fowling or hunting small game; -- chiefly in participial form; as, to go gunning.

||Gu"na (g"n), n. [Skr. guna quality.] In Sanskrit grammar, a ||lengthening of the simple vowels a, i, e, by prefixing an a element. ||The term is sometimes used to denote the same vowel change in other ||languages.

Gu"nar*chy (?), n. See Gynarchy.

Gun"boat` (?), n. (Nav.) A vessel of light draught, carrying one or more guns.

Gun"cot`ton (?). See under Gun.

Gun"de*let (?), n. [Obs.] See Gondola. Marston.

Gun"flint` (?), n. A sharpened flint for the lock of a gun, to ignite the charge. It was in common use before the introduction of percussion caps.

||Gun"jah (?), n. (Bot.) See Ganja.

Gun"lock` (?), n. The lock of a gun, for producing the discharge. See Lock.

Gun"nage (?), n. The number of guns carried by a ship of war.

Gun"nel (?), n. [See Gunwale.] 1. A gunwale.

2. (Zoˆl.) A small, eel-shaped, marine fish of the genus MurÊnoides; esp., M. gunnellus of Europe and America; -- called also gunnel fish, butterfish, rock eel.

Gun"ner (?), n. 1. One who works a gun, whether on land or sea; a cannoneer.

2. A warrant officer in the navy having charge of the ordnance on a vessel.

3. (Zoˆl.) (a) The great northern diver or loon. See Loon. (b) The sea bream. [Prov. Eng. or Irish]

Gunner's daughter, the gun to which men or boys were lashed for punishment. [Sailor's slang] W. C. Russell.

Gun"ner*y (?), n. That branch of military science which comprehends the theory of projectiles, and the manner of constructing and using ordnance.

Gun"nie (?), n. (Mining.) Space left by the removal of ore.

Gun"ning (?), n. The act or practice of hunting or shooting game with a gun.

The art of gunning was but little practiced.

Goldsmith.

Gun"ny (?), n., Gun"ny cloth` (&?;). [Hind. gon, gon&?;,, a sack, sacking.] A strong, coarse kind of sacking, made from the fibers (called jute) of two plants of the genus Corchorus (C. olitorius and C. capsularis), of India. The fiber is also used in the manufacture of cordage.

Gunny bag, a sack made of gunny, used for coarse commodities.

Gu*noc"ra*cy (?), n. See Gyneocracy.

Gun"pow`der (?), n. (Chem.) A black, granular, explosive substance, consisting of an intimate mechanical mixture of niter, charcoal, and sulphur. It is used in gunnery and blasting.

Gunpowder consists of from 70 to 80 per cent of niter, with 10 to 15 per cent of each of the other ingredients. Its explosive energy is due to the fact that it contains the necessary amount of oxygen for its own combustion, and liberates gases (chiefly nitrogen and carbon dioxide), which occupy a thousand or fifteen hundred times more space than the powder which generated them.

Gunpowder pile driver, a pile driver, the hammer of which is thrown up by the explosion of gunpowder. -- Gunpowder plot (Eng. Hist.), a plot to destroy the King, Lords, and Commons, in revenge for the penal laws against Catholics. As Guy Fawkes, the agent of the conspirators, was about to fire the mine, which was placed under the House of Lords, he was seized, Nov. 5, 1605. Hence, Nov. 5 is known in England as Guy Fawkes Day. -- Gunpowder tea, a species of fine green tea, each leaf of which is rolled into a small ball or pellet.

Gun"reach` (?), n. The reach or distance to which a gun will shoot; gunshot.

Gun"room` (&?;), n. (Naut.) An apartment on the after end of the lower gun deck of a ship of war, usually occupied as a messroom by the commissioned officers, except the captain; -- called wardroom in the United States navy.

Gun"shot` (?), n. 1. Act of firing a gun; a shot.

2. The distance to which shot can be thrown from a gun, so as to be effective; the reach or range of a gun.

Those who are come over to the royal party are supposed to be out
of gunshot.

Dryden.

Gun"shot`, a. Made by the shot of a gun: as. a gunshot wound.

Gun"smith (?), n. One whose occupation is to make or repair small firearms; an armorer.

{ Gunsmith`er*y (?), Gun"smith` ing, } n. The art or business of a gunsmith.

Gun"stick (?), n. A stick to ram down the charge of a musket, etc.; a rammer or ramrod. [R.]

Gun"stock` (?), n. The stock or wood to which the barrel of a hand gun is fastened.

Gun"stome` (?), n. A cannon ball; -- so called because originally made of stone. [Obs.] Shak.

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Gun"ter rig` (?). (Naut.) A topmast arranged with metal bands so that it will readily slide up and down the lower mast.

Gun"ter's chain` (?). (Surveying) The chain ordinarily used in measuring land. See Chain, n., 4, and Gunter's scale.

Gun"ter's line` (?). A logarithmic line on Gunter's scale, used for performing the multiplication and division of numbers mechanically by the dividers; -- called also line of lines, and line of numbers.

Gun"ter's quad`rant (?). A thin quadrant, made of brass, wood, etc., showing a stereographic projection on the plane of the equator. By it are found the hour of the day, the sun's azimuth, the altitude of objects in degrees, etc. See Gunter's scale.

Gun"ter's scale` (?). A scale invented by the Rev. Edmund Gunter (1581-1626), a professor of astronomy at Gresham College, London, who invented also Gunter's chain, and Gunter's quadrant.

Gunter's scale is a wooden rule, two feet long, on one side of which are marked scales of equal parts, of chords, sines, tangents, rhombs, etc., and on the other side scales of logarithms of these various parts, by means of which many problems in surveying and navigation may be solved, mechanically, by the aid of dividers alone.

Gun"wale (?), n. [Gun + wale. So named because the upper guns were pointed from it.] (Naut.) The upper edge of a vessel's or boat's side; the uppermost wale of a ship (not including the bulwarks); or that piece of timber which reaches on either side from the quarter-deck to the forecastle, being the uppermost bend, which finishes the upper works of the hull. [Written also gunnel.]

Gurge (g˚rj), n. [L. gurges.] A whirlpool. [Obs.]

The plain, wherein a black bituminous gurge Boils out from under
ground.

Milton.

Gurge, v. t. [See Gorge.] To swallow up. [Obs.]

Gur"geons (?), n. pl. [Obs.] See Grudgeons.

Gur"gle (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Gurgled (?);p. pr. & vb. n. Gurgling (?).] [Cf. It. gorgogliare to gargle, bubble up, fr. L. gurgulio gullet. Cf. Gargle, Gorge.] To run or flow in a broken, irregular, noisy current, as water from a bottle, or a small stream among pebbles or stones.

Pure gurgling rills the lonely desert trace, And waste their music
on the savage race.

Young.

Gur"gle, n. The act of gurgling; a broken, bubbling noise. "Tinkling gurgles." W. Thompson.

Gur"glet (?), n. [See Goglet.] A porous earthen jar for cooling water by evaporation.

Gur"gling*ly` (?), adv. In a gurgling manner.

Gur"goyle (?), n. See Gargoyle.

Gur"jun (?), n. A thin balsam or wood oil derived from the Diptcrocarpus lÊvis, an East Indian tree. It is used in medicine, and as a substitute for linseed oil in the coarser kinds of paint.

Gurl (?), n. A young person of either sex. [Obs.] See Girl. Chaucer.

Gur"let (?), n. (Masonry) A pickax with one sharp point and one cutting edge. Knight.

Gur"my (?), n. (Mining) A level; a working.

{ Gur"nard (?), Gur"net (?) } n. [OF. gornal, gournal, gornart, perh. akin to F. grogner to grunt; cf. Ir. guirnead gurnard.] (Zoˆl.) One ofseveral European marine fishes, of the genus Trigla and allied genera, having a large and spiny head, with mailed cheeks. Some of the species are highly esteemed for food. The name is sometimes applied to the American sea robins. [Written also gournet.]

Plyling gurnard. See under Flying.

Gur"ni*ad (?), n. (Zoˆl.) See Gwiniad.

Gur"ry (?), n. An alvine evacuation; also, refuse matter. [Obs. or Local] Holland.

Gur"ry`, n. [Hind. garh.] A small fort. [India]

Gurt (g˚rt), n. (Mining) A gutter or channel for water, hewn out of the bottom of a working drift. Page.

Gurts (g˚rts), n. pl. [Cf. Grout.] Groats. [Obs.]

Gush (gsh), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Gushed (gsht); p. pr. & vb. n. Gushing.] [OE. guschen, cf. Icel. gusa and gjsa, also D. gucsen; perh. akin to AS. geÛtan to pour, G. giessen, Goth. giutan, E. gut. Cf. Found to cast.]

1. To issue with violence and rapidity, as a fluid; to rush forth as a fluid from confinement; to flow copiously.

He smote the rock that the waters gushed out.

Ps ixxviii 20.

A sea of blood gushed from the gaping wound.

Spenser.

2. To make a sentimental or untimely exhibition of affection; to display enthusiasm in a silly, demonstrative manner. [Colloq.]

Gush, v. t. 1. A sudden and violent issue of a fluid from an inclosed plase; an emission of a liquid in a large quantity, and with force; the fluid thus emitted; a rapid outpouring of anything; as, a gush of song from a bird.

The gush of springs, An fall of lofty foundains.

Byron.

2. A sentimental exhibition of affection or enthusiasm, etc.; effusive display of sentiment. [Collog.]

Gush"er (?), n. One who gushes. [Colloq.]

Gush"ing, a. 1. Rushing forth with violence, as a fluid; flowing copiously; as, gushing waters. "Gushing blood." Milton.

2. Emitting copiously, as tears or words; weakly and unreservedly demonstrative in matters of affection; sentimental. [Colloq.]

Gush"ing*ly (?), adv. 1. In a gushing manner; copiously. Byron.

2. Weakly; sentimentally; effusively. [Colloq.]

Gus"set (?), n. [F. gousset armpit, fob, gusset, dim. of gousse pod, husk; cf. It. guscio shell, or W. cwysed gore, gusset.] 1. A small piece of cloth inserted in a garment, for the purpose of strengthening some part or giving it a tapering enlargement.

Seam and gusset and band.

Hood.

2. Anything resembling a gusset in a garment; as: (a) (Armor) A small piece of chain mail at the openings of the joints beneath the arms. (b) (Mach.) A kind of bracket, or angular piece of iron, fastened in the angles of a structure to give strength or stiffness; esp., the part joining the barrel and the fire box of a locomotive boiler.

3. (Her.) An abatement or mark of dishonor in a coat of arms, resembling a gusset.

Gust (gst), n. [Icel. gustr a cool breeze. Cf. Gush.] 1. A sudden squall; a violent blast of wind; a sudden and brief rushing or driving of the wind.

Snow, and hail, stormy gust and flaw.

Milton.

2. A sudden violent burst of passion. Bacon.

Gust, n. [L. gustus; cf. It. & Sp. gusto. &radic;46.]

1. The sense or pleasure of tasting; relish; gusto.

An ox will relish the tender flesh of kids with as much gust and
appetite.

Jer. Taylor.

2. Gratification of any kind, particularly that which is exquisitely relished; enjoyment.

Destroy all creatures for thy sport or gust.

Pope.

3. Intellectual taste; fancy.

A choice of it may be made according to the gust and manner of the
ancients.

Dryden.

Gust, v. t. [Cf. L. gustare, It. gustare, Sp. gustar. See GUST a relish.] To taste; to have a relish for. [Obs.]

Gust"a*ble (?), a. [See Gust, v.] [Obs.] 1. Capable of being tasted; tastable.

This position informs us of a vulgar error, terming the gall
bitter; whereas there is nothing gustable sweeter.

Harvey.

2. Pleasant to the taste; toothsome; savory.

A gustable thing, seen or smelt, excites the appetite, and affects
the glands and parts of the mouth.

Derham.

Gust"a*ble, n. Anything that can be tasted. [Obs.]

Gus"tard (?), n. (Zoˆl.) The great bustard.

Gus*ta"tion (?), n. [L. gustatio: cf. F. gustation.] The act of tasting. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

Gust"a*to*ry (?), a. Pertaining to, or subservient to, the sense of taste; as, the gustatory nerve which supplies the front of the tongue.

Gust"ful (?), a. Tasteful; well- tasted. [Obs.] Sir K. Digby. -- Gust"ful*ness, n. [Obs.] Barrow.

Gust"ful, a. Gusty. [R.]

A gustful April morn.

Tennyson.

Gust"less, a. Tasteless; insipid. [R.]

Gus"to (?), n. [It. or Sp., fr. L. gustus; akin to E. choose. Cf. 2d GUST, GOUR.] Nice or keen appreciation or enjoyment; relish; taste; fancy. Dryden.

||Gus*to"so (?), a. & adv. [It.] (Mus.) Tasteful; in a tasteful, ||agreeable manner.

Gust"y (?), a. Subject to, or characterized by, gusts or squalls; windy; stormy; tempestuous.

Upon a raw and gusty day.

Shak.

Gut (?), n. [OE. gut, got, AS. gut, prob. orig., a channel, and akin to geÛtan to pour. See FOUND to cast.]

1. A narrow passage of water; as, the Gut of Canso.

2. An intenstine; a bowel; the whole alimentary canal; the enteron; (pl.) bowels; entrails.

3. One of the prepared entrails of an animal, esp. of a sheep, used for various purposes. See Catgut.

4. The sac of silk taken from a silkworm (when ready to spin its cocoon), for the purpose of drawing it out into a thread. This, when dry, is exceedingly strong, and is used as the snood of a fish line.

Blind gut. See C∆cum, n. (b).

Gut, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gutted (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Gutting.] 1. To take out the bowels from; to eviscerate.

2. To plunder of contents; to destroy or remove the interior or contents of; as, a mob gutted the house.

Tom Brown, of facetious memory, having gutted a proper name of its
vowels, used it as freely as he pleased.

Addison.

||Gut"ta (?), n.; pl. Gutt∆ (#). [L.] 1. A drop.

2. (Arch.) One of a series of ornaments, in the form of a frustum of a cone, attached to the lower part of the triglyphs, and also to the lower faces of the mutules, in the Doric order; -- called also campana, and drop.

Gutta serena [L., lit. serene or clear drop] (Med.), amaurosis. -- GuttÊ band> (Arch.), the listel or band from which the guttÊ hang.

Gut"ta-per`cha (?), n. [Malay gutah gum + pertja the tree from which is it procured.] A concrete juice produced by various trees found in the Malayan archipelago, especially by the Isonandra, or Dichopsis, Gutta. It becomes soft, and unpressible at the tamperature of boiling water, and, on cooling, retains its new shape. It dissolves in oils and ethers, but not in water. In many of its properties it resembles caoutchouc, and it is extensively used for many economical purposes. The Mimusops globosa of Guiana also yields this material.

Gut"tate (?), a. [L. guttatus. Cf. Gutty.] Spotted, as if discolored by drops.

Gut"ta*ted (?), a. [See Guttate.] Besprinkled with drops, or droplike spots. Bailey.

Gut"ta*trap (?), n. The inspissated juice of a tree of the genus Artocarpus (A. incisa, or breadfruit tree), sometimes used in making birdlime, on account of its glutinous quality.

Gut"ter (?), n. [OE. gotere, OF. goutiere, F. gouttiËre, fr. OF. gote, goute, drop, F. goutte, fr. L. gutta.]

1. A channel at the eaves of a roof for conveying away the rain; an eaves channel; an eaves trough.

2. A small channel at the roadside or elsewhere, to lead off surface water.

Gutters running with ale.

Macaulay.

3. Any narrow channel or groove; as, a gutter formed by erosion in the vent of a gun from repeated firing.

Gutter member (Arch.), an architectural member made by treating the outside face of the gutter in a decorative fashion, or by crowning it with ornaments, regularly spaced, like a diminutive battlement. -- Gutter plane, a carpenter's plane with a rounded bottom for planing out gutters. -- Gutter snipe, a neglected boy running at large; a street Arab. [Slang] -- Gutter stick (Printing), one of the pieces of furniture which separate pages in a form.

Gut*ter, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Guttered (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Guttering.] 1. To cut or form into small longitudinal hollows; to channel. Shak.

2. To supply with a gutter or gutters. [R.] Dryden.

Gut"ter, v. i. To become channeled, as a candle when the flame flares in the wind.

||Gut"ti*fer` (?), n. [NL., fr. L. gutta drop+ ferre to bear.] (Bot.) A ||plant that exudes gum or resin.

Gut*tif"er*ous (?), a. (Bot.) (a) Yielding gum or resinous substances. (b) Pertaining to a natural order of trees and shrubs (GuttiferÊ) noted for their abounding in a resinous sap.

Gut"ti*form (?), a. [L. gutta a drop + -form.] Drop-shaped, as a spot of color.

Gut"tle (?), v. t. & i. [From GUT, n.] To put into the gut; to swallow greedily; to gorge; to gormandize. [Obs.] L'Estrange. Dryden.

Gut"tler (?), n. A greedy eater; a glutton. [Obs.]

Gut"tu*lous (?), a. [L. guttula a little drop, dim. of gutta drop.] In droplike form. [Obs.]

In its [hail's] guttulous descent from the air.

Sir T. Browne.

Gut"tur*al (?), a. [L. guttur throat: cf. F. gutural.] Of or pertaining to the throat; formed in the throat; relating to, or characteristic of, a sound formed in the throat.

Children are occasionally born with guttural swellings.

W. Guthrie.

In such a sweet, guttural accent.

Landor.

Gut"tur*al, n. A sound formed in the throat; esp., a sound formed by the aid of the back of the tongue, much retracted, and the soft palate; also, a letter representing such a sound.

Gut"tur*al*ism (?), n. The quality of being guttural; as, the gutturalism of A [in the 16th cent.] Earle.

Gut"tur*al"i*ty (?), n. The quality of being guttural. [R.] "The old gutturality of k." Earle.

Gut"tur*al*ize (?), v. t. To speak gutturally; to give a guttural sound to.

Gut"tur*al*ly, adv. In a guttural manner.

Gut"tur*al*ness, n. The quality of being guttural.

Gut"tur*ine (?), a. [L. guttur throat.] Pertaining to the throat. [Obs.] "Gutturine tumor." Ray.

Gut"tur*ize (?), v. t. [L. guttur throat.] To make in the throat; to gutturalize. [R.]

For which the Germans gutturize a sound.

Coleridge.

Gut"tur*o- (?). A combining form denoting relation to the throat; as, gutturo-nasal, having both a guttural and a nasal character; gutturo-palatal.

Gut"ty (?), a. [L. gutta drop: cf. F. gouttÈ. Cf. Guttated.] (Her.) Charged or sprinkled with drops.

Gut"wort` (?), n. (Bot.) A plant, Globularia Alypum, a violent purgative, found in Africa.

Guy (?), n. [Sp. guia guide, a guy or small rope used on board of ships to keep weighty things in their places; of Teutonic origin, and the same word as E. guide. See Guide, and cf. Gye.] A rope, chain, or rod attached to anything to steady it; as: a rope to steady or guide an object which is being hoisted or lowered; a rope which holds in place the end of a boom, spar, or yard in a ship; a chain or wire rope connecting a suspension bridge with the land on either side to prevent lateral swaying; a rod or rope attached to the top of a structure, as of a derrick, and extending obliquely to the ground, where it is fastened.

Guy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Guyed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Guying.] To steady or guide with a guy.

Guy, n. 1. A grotesque effigy, like that of Guy Fawkes, dressed up in England on the fifth of November, the day of the Gunpowder Plot.

The lady . . . who dresses like a guy.

W. S. Gilbert.

2. A person of queer looks or dress. Dickens.

Guy, v. t. To fool; to baffle; to make (a person) an object of ridicule. [Local & Collog U.S.]

Guyle (?), v. t. To guile. [Obs.] Spenser.

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Guze (gz), n. [Cf. Gules.] (Her.) A roundlet of tincture sanguine, which is blazoned without mention of the tincture.

Guz"zle (g"z'l), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Guzzled (-z'ld); p. pr. & vb. n. Guzzling (-zlng).] [OP. gosillier, prob. orig., to pass through the throat; akin to F. gosier throat; cf. It. gozzo a bird's crop.] To swallow liquor greedily; to drink much or frequently.

Those that came to guzzle in his wine cellar.

Milton.

Well-seasoned bowls the gossip's spirits raise, Who, while she
guzzles, chats the doctor's praise.

Roscommon.

To fat the guzzling hogs with floods of whey.

Gay.

Guz"zle, v. t. To swallow much or often; to swallow with immoderate gust; to drink greedily or continually; as, one who guzzles beer. Dryden.

Guz"zle, n. An insatiable thing or person.

That sink of filth, that guzzle most impure.

Marston.

Guz"zler (-zlr), n. An immoderate drinker.

Gwin"i*ad (gwn"*d), n. [W. gwyniad a whiting, the name of various fishes, fr. gwyn white.] (Zoˆl.) A fish (Coregonus ferus) of North Wales and Northern Europe, allied to the lake whitefish; -- called also powan, and schelly. [Written also gwyniad, guiniad, gurniad.]

Gy"all (g"l), n. (Zoˆl.) See Gayal.

Gyb (jb), Gybe (jb), n. (Naut.) See Jib. [Obs.]

Gybe (jb), n. & v. See Gibe.

Gybe, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Gybed (jbd); p. pr. & vb. n. Gybing.] [See Jibe.] (Naut.) To shift from one side of a vessel to the other; -- said of the boom of a fore-and-aft sail when the vessel is steered off the wind until the sail fills on the opposite side. [Also jibe.]

Gye (g or g), v. t. [OF. guier; of German origin. See Guide, and cf. Guy.] To guide; to govern. [Obs.]

Discreet enough his country for to gye.

Chaucer.

Gyle (gl), n. [F. guiller to ferment. Cf. Guillevat.] Fermented wort used for making vinegar.

Gyle tan (Brewing), a large vat in which wort ferments.

Gym"nal (gm"nal), a. & n. Same as Gimmal.

Gym*na"si*arch (jm*n"z*‰rk), n. [L. gymnasiarchus, Gr. gymnasi`archos; gymna`sion + 'a`rchein to govern: cf. F. gymnasiarque.] (Gr. Antiq.) An Athenian officer who superintended the gymnasia, and provided the oil and other necessaries at his own expense.

Gym*na"si*um (-z*m or - zh*m; 277) n.; pl. E. Gymnasiums (-mz), L. Gymnasia (-). [L., fr. Gr. gymna`sion, fr. gymna`zein to exercise (naked), fr. gymno`s naked.] 1. A place or building where athletic exercises are performed; a school for gymnastics.

2. A school for the higher branches of literature and science; a preparatory school for the university; -- used esp. of German schools of this kind.

More like ordinary schools of gymnasia than universities.

Hallam.

Gym"nast (jm"nst), n. [Gr. gymnasth`s a trainer of athletes: cf. F. gymnaste. See Gymnasium.] One who teaches or practices gymnastic exercises; the manager of a gymnasium; an athlete.

{ Gym*nas"tic (jm*ns"tk), Gym*nas"tic*al (-t*kal), } a. [L. gymnasticus, Gr. gymnastiko`s: cf. F. gymnastique. See Gymnasium.] Pertaining to athletic exercises intended for health, defense, or diversion; -- said of games or exercises, as running, leaping, wrestling, throwing the discus, the javelin, etc.; also, pertaining to disciplinary exercises for the intellect; athletic; as, gymnastic exercises, contests, etc.

Gym*nas"tic, n. A gymnast. [Obs.]

Gym*nas"tic*al*ly, adv. In a gymnastic manner.

Gym*nas"tics (-tks), n. Athletic or disciplinary exercises; the art of performing gymnastic exercises; also, disciplinary exercises for the intellect or character.

{ Gym"nic (jm"nk), Gym"nic*al (- n*kal), } a. [L. gymnicus, Gr. gymniko`s: cf. F. gymnique. See Gymmasium.] Athletic; gymnastic. [Obs.]

Have they not swordplayers, and every sort Of gymnic artists,
wrestlers, riders, runners?

Milton.

Gym"nic, n. Athletic exercise. [Obs.] Burton.

Gym"nite (-nt), n. [Gr. gymno`s naked. So called as coming from the Bare Hills, Maryland.] (Min.) A hydrous silicate of magnesia.

||Gym`no*blas"te*a (jm`n*bls"t*), n. pl. [NL. fr. Gr. gymno`s naked + ||blasta`nein to sprout.] (Zoˆl.) The Athecata; -- so called because ||the medusoid buds are not inclosed in a capsule.

Gym`no*blas"tic (-tk), a. (Zoˆl.) Of or pertaining to the Gymnoblastea.

Gym`no*car"pous (-k‰r"ps), a. [Gr. gymno`s naked + karpo`s fruit.] (Bot.) Naked-fruited, the fruit either smooth or not adherent to the perianth. Gray.

||Gym*noch"ro*a (jm*nk"r*), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. gymno`s naked + chro`a ||skin, body.] (Zoˆl.) A division of Hydroidea including the hydra. See ||Hydra.

||Gym*noc"la*dus (jm*n"l*ds), n. [NL., fr. Gr. gymno`s naked + kla`dos ||a branch.] (Bot.) A genus of leguminous plants; the Kentucky coffee ||tree. The leaves are cathartic, and the seeds a substitute for ||coffee.

||Gym`no*co"pa (jm`n*k"p), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. gymno`s naked + kw`ph ||an oar.] (Zoˆl.) A group of transparent, free-swimming Annelida, ||having setÊ only in the cephalic appendages.

Gym"no*cyte (jm"n*st), n. [Gr. gymno`s naked + ky`tos a hollow vessel.] (Biol.) A cytode without a proper cell wall, but with a nucleus. Haeckel.

Gym`no*cy"tode (jm`n*s"td), n. [Gr. gymno`s naked + E. cytode.] (Biol.) A cytode without either a cell wall or a nucleus. Haeckel.

Gym"no*dont (jm"n*dnt), n. [Gr. gymno`s naked + 'odoy`s, 'odo`ntos, tooth.] (Zoˆl.) One of a group of plectognath fishes (Gymnodontes), having the teeth and jaws consolidated into one or two bony plates, on each jaw, as the diodonts and tetradonts. See Bur fish, Globefish, Diodon.

Gym"no*gen (-jn), n. [Gr. gymno`s naked + -gen.] (Bot.) One of a class of plants, so called by Lindley, because the ovules are fertilized by direct contact of the pollen. Same as Gymnosperm.

||Gym`no*glos"sa (-gls"s), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. gymno`s naked + glw^ssa ||tongue.] (Zoˆl.) A division of gastropods in which the odontophore is ||without teeth.

{ ||Gym`no*lÊ"ma (-l"m), ||Gym`no*lÊ"ma*ta (-m*t), } n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. gymno`s naked + laimo`s the throat.] (Zoˆl.) An order of Bryozoa, having no epistome.

||Gym`no*no"ti (-n"t), n. pl. [NL. fr. Gr. gymno`s naked + nw^tos the ||back.] (Zoˆl.) The order of fishes which includes the Gymnotus or ||electrical eel. The dorsal fin is wanting.

Gym`no*pÊd"ic (-pd"k or - p"dk), a. [Gr. gymno`s naked + pai^s, paido`s, a child.] (Zoˆl.) Having young that are naked when hatched; psilopÊdic; -- said of certain birds.

||Gym`no*phi"o*na (-f"*n), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. gymno`s naked + ||'ofio`neos serpentlike.] (Zoˆl.) An order of Amphibia, having a long, ||annulated, snakelike body. See Ophiomorpha.

||Gym`noph*thal"ma*ta (- nf*thl"m*t), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. gymno`s ||naked + 'ofqalmo`s the eye.] (Zoˆl.) A group of acalephs, including ||the naked-eyed medusÊ; the hydromedusÊ. Most of them are known to be ||the free-swimming progeny (gonophores) of hydroids.

Gym"no*plast (jm"n*plst), n. [Gr. gymno`s naked + pla`ssein to shape, mold.] (Biol.) A cell or mass of protoplasm devoid of an envelope, as a white blood corpuscle.

Gym'no*rhi"nal (-r"nal), a. [Gr. gymno`s naked + "ri`s, "rino`s, the nose.] (Zoˆl.) Having unfeathered nostrils, as certain birds.

||Gym`no*so"ma*ta (-s"m*t or - sm"*t), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. gymno`s ||naked + sw^ma, sw`matos, the body.] (Zoˆl.) One of the orders of ||Pteropoda. They have no shell.

Gym*nos"o*phist (jm*ns"*fst), n. [Gr. gymnosofisth`s; gymno`s naked + sofisth`s philosopher; cf. F. gymnosophiste.] One of a sect of philosophers, said to have been found in India by Alexander the Great, who went almost naked, denied themselves the use of flesh, renounced bodily pleasures, and employed themselves in the contemplation of nature.

Gym*nos"o*phy (-f), n. The doctrines of the Gymnosophists. Good.

Gym"no*sperm (jm"n*sprm), n. (Bot.) A plant that bears naked seeds (i. e., seeds not inclosed in an ovary), as the common pine and hemlock. Cf. Angiosperm.

Gym`no*sper"mous (-spr"ms), a. [Gr. gymno`spermos; gymno`s naked + spe`rma seed: cf. F. gymnosperme.] (Bot.) (a) Having naked seeds, or seeds not inclosed in a capsule or other vessel. (b) Belonging to the class of plants consisting of gymnosperms.

||Gym*not"o*ka (jm*nt"*k), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. gymno`s naked + to`kos ||a bringing forth.] (Zoˆl.) The Athecata.

||Gym*no"tus (jm*n"ts), n. [NL., fr. Gr. gymno`s naked + nw^tos the ||back: cf. F. gymnote.] (Zoˆl.) A genus of South American fresh-water ||fishes, including the Gymnotus electricus, or electric eel. It has a ||greenish, eel-like body, and is possessed of electric power.

One fearful shock, fearful but momentary, like that from the
electric blow of the gymnotus.

De Quincey.

Gyn (gn), v. i. To begin. [Obs.] See Gin.

{ ||Gyn`Ê*ce"um (jn`*s"m), ||Gyn`Ê*ci"um (jn`*s"m), } n. [L., fr. Gr. gynaikei^on women's apartments, fr. gynh` a woman.] That part of a large house, among the ancients, exclusively appropriated to women. [Written also gyneceum, gynecium.] Tennyson.

Gy*nÊ"cian (j*n"shan), a. The same as Gynecian.

Gy*nÊ"co*phore (j*n"k*fr), n. [Gr. gynaikei^on the women's apartments + fe`rein to bear.] (Zoˆl.) A ventral canal or groove, in which the males of some diúcious trematodes carry the female. See Illust. of HÊmatozoa.

Gy*nan"der (j*nn"dr), n. [See Gynandrian.] (Bot.) A plant having the stamens inserted in the pistil.

||Gy*nan"dri*a (-dr*), n. pl. [NL. See Gynandrian.] (Bot.) A class of ||plants in the LinnÊan system, whose stamens grow out of, or are ||united with, the pistil.

{ Gy*nan"dri*an (-an), Gy*nan"drous (- drs), } a. [Gr. gy`nandros of doubtful sex; gynh` a woman + 'anh`r, 'andro`s, man: cf. F. gynandre.] (Bot.) Having stamens inserted in the pistil; belonging to the class Gynandria.

Gy*nan"dro*morph (-dr*mÙrf), n. (Zoˆl.) An animal affected with gynandromorphism.

Gy*nan`dro*mor"phism (- mÙr"fz'm),n. [Gr. gynh` a woman, female + 'anh`r, 'andro`s, a man, male + morfh` form.] (Zoˆl.) An abnormal condition of certain animals, in which one side has the external characters of the male, and the other those of the female.

Gy*nan`dro*mor"phous (-fs), a. (Zoˆl.) Affected with gynandromorphism.

Gy*nan"ther*ous (-thr*s), a. [Gr. gynh` a woman + E. anther.] (Bot.) Pertaining to an abnormal condition of the flower, in which the stamens are converted into pistils. R. Brown.

Gyn"ar*chy (jn"r*k), n. [Gr. gynh` a woman + -archy.] Government by a woman. Chesterfield.

||Gyn`e*ce"um (jn`*s"m), n. See GynÊceum.

Gy*ne"cian (j*n"shan), a. [Gr. gynaikei^os.] Of or relating to women.

Gyn`e*coc"ra*cy (jn`*kk"r*s), n. [Gr. gynaikokrati`a; gynh`, gynaiko`s, a woman + kratei^n to rule: cf. F. gynÈcocratie. Cf. Gynocracy.] Government by a woman, female power; gyneocracy. Bailey.

Gyn`e*co*log"ic*al (jn`*k*lj"*kal or g`n-), a. Of or pertaining to gynecology.

Gyn`e*col"o*gy (jn`*kl"*j or g`n-), n. [Gr. gynh`, gynaiko`s, a woman + -logy.] The science which treats of the structure and diseases of women. -- Gyn`e*col"o*gist.

Gyn"e*oc`ra*cy (jn`*k"r*s), n. See Gynecocracy.

Gyn`e*ol"a*try (-l"*tr), n. [Gr. gynh` a woman + latrei`a worship.] The adoration or worship of woman.

The sentimental gyneolatry of chivalry, which was at best but
skin-deep.

Lowell.

||Gyn`e*pho"bi*a (-f"b*), n. [NL., fr. Gr. gynh` a woman + fo`bos ||fear.] Hatred of women; repugnance to the society of women. Holmes.

Gyn"ne (gn"ne), v. i. To begin. See Gin. [Obs.]

Gyn"o*base (jn"*bs), n. [Gr. gynh` a woman, female + E. base.] (Bot.) A dilated base or receptacle, supporting a multilocular ovary.

Gyn`o*ba"sic (-b"sk), a. (Bot.) Pertaining to, or having, a gynobase.

Gy*noc"ra*cy (j*nk"r*s), n. [See Gynecocracy.] Female government; gynecocracy.

The aforesaid state has repeatedly changed from absolute despotism
to republicanism, not forgetting the intermediate stages of
oligarchy, limited monarchy, and even gynocracy; for I myself
remember Alsatia governed for nearly nine months by an old
fishwoman.

Sir W. Scott.

Gy`no*di*ú"cious (j`n*d*"shs), a. [Gr. gynh` a woman + E. diúcious.] (Bot.) Diúcious, but having some hermaphrodite or perfect flowers on an individual plant which bears mostly pistillate flowers.

||Gy*nú"ci*um (j*n"s*m or -sh*m), n. [NL., fr. Gr. gynh` a woman + ||oi^kos house.] (Bot.) The pistils of a flower, taken collectively. ||See Illust. of Carpophore.

Gyn"o*phore (jn"*fr), n. [Gr. gynh` woman, female + fe`rein to bear, produce: cf. F. gynophore.] 1. (Bot.) The pedicel raising the pistil or ovary above the stamens, as in the passion flower. Lindley.

2. (Zoˆl.) One of the branches bearing the female gonophores, in certain Siphonophora.

Gyp (jp), n. [Said to be a sportive application of Gr. gy`ps a vulture.] A college servant; -- so called in Cambridge, England; at Oxford called a scout. [Cant]

Gypse (jps), n. [F.] See Gypsum. [Obs.] Pococke.

Gyp"se*ous (jp"s*s), a. [L. gypseus. See Gypsum.] Resembling or containing gypsum; partaking of the qualities of gypsum.

Gyp"sey (-s), n. A gypsy. See Gypsy.

Gyp*sif"er*ous (jp*sf"r*s), a. [Gypsum + -ferous: cf. F. gypsifËre.] Containing gypsum.

Gyp"sine (jp"sn), a. Gypseous. [R.] Chambers.

Gyp*sog"ra*phy (jp*sg"r*f), n. [Gypsum + -graphy.] The act or art of engraving on gypsum.

Gyp"so*plast (jp"s*plst), n. [Gypsum + Gr. pla`ssein to mold.] A cast taken in plaster of Paris, or in white lime.

Gyp"sum (jp"sm), n. [L. gypsum, Gr. gy`psos; cf. Ar. jibs plaster, mortar, Per. jabsn lime.] (Min.) A mineral consisting of the hydrous sulphate of lime (calcium). When calcined, stype forms plaster of Paris. Selenite is a transparent, crystalline variety; alabaster, a fine, white, massive variety.

Gyp"sy (jp"s), n.; pl. Gypsies (-sz). [OE. Gypcyan, F. Ègyptien Egyptian, gypsy, L. Aegyptius. See Egyptian.] [Also spelled gipsy and gypsey.] 1. One of a vagabond race, whose tribes, coming originally from India, entered Europe in the 14th or 15th century, and are now scattered over Turkey, Russia, Hungary, Spain, England, etc., living by theft, fortune telling, horsejockeying, tinkering, etc. Cf. Bohemian, Romany.

Like a right gypsy, hath, at fast and loose, Beguiled me to the
very heart of loss.

Shak.

2. The language used by the gypsies.

3. A dark-complexioned person. Shak.

4. A cunning or crafty person [Colloq.] Prior.

Gyp"sy a. Pertaining to, or suitable for, gypsies.

Gypsy hat, a woman's or child's broad-brimmed hat, usually of straw or felt. -- Gypsy winch, a small winch, which may be operated by a crank, or by a ratchet and pawl through a lever working up and down.

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Gyp"sy (jp"s), v. i. To play the gypsy; to picnic in the woods. Mostly, Gyp"sy*ing, vb. n.

Gyp"sy*ism (jp"s*z'm), n. 1. The arts and practices or habits of gypsies; deception; cheating; flattery.

2. The state of a gypsy.

Gyp"sy*wort` (-w˚rt`), n. (Bot.) A labiate plant (the Lycopus EuropÊus). Gypsies are said to stain their skin with its juice.

||Gyr`a*can"thus (jr`*kn"ths), n. [NL., fr. Gr. gyro`s round + 'a`kanqa ||spine.] (Paleon.) A genus of fossil fishes, found in Devonian and ||carboniferous strata; -- so named from their round, sculptured ||spines.

Gy"ral (j"ral), a. [See Gyre.] 1. Moving in a circular path or way; whirling; gyratory.

2. (Anat.) Pertaining to a gyrus, or convolution.

Gy"rant (-rant), a. Gyrating. [R.]

Gy"rate (-rt), a. [L. gyratus made in a circular form, p. p. of gyrare.] Winding or coiled round; curved into a circle; taking a circular course.

Gy"rate (-rt), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Gyrated (-r*td); p. pr. & vb. n. Gyrating.] [L. gyratus, p. p. of gyrare to gyrate. See Gyre, n.] To revolve round a central point; to move spirally about an axis, as a tornado; to revolve.

Gy*ra"tion (j*r"shn), n. 1. The act of turning or whirling, as around a fixed center; a circular or spiral motion; motion about an axis; rotation; revolution.

The gyrations of an ascending balloon.

De Quincey.

If a burning coal be nimbly moved round in a circle, with gyrations
continually repeated, the whole circle will appear like fire.

Sir I. Newton.

2. (Zoˆl.) One of the whorls of a spiral univalve shell.

Center of gyration. (Mech.) See under Center. -- Radius of gyration, the distance between the axis of a rotating body and its center of gyration. Rankine.

Gy"ra*to*ry (j"r*t*r), a. Moving in a circle, or spirally; revolving; whirling around.

Gyre (jr), n. [L. gyrus, Gr. gy^ros, cf. gyro`s round.] A circular motion, or a circle described by a moving body; a turn or revolution; a circuit.

Quick and more quick he spins in giddy gyres.

Dryden.

Still expanding and ascending gyres.

Mrs. Browning.

Gyre, v. t. & i. [Cf. OF. gyrer, girer. See Gyrate.] To turn round; to gyrate. [Obs.] Bp. Hall. Drayton.

Gyre"ful (-fl), a. Abounding in gyres. [Obs.]

||Gyr`en*ceph"a*la (jr`n*sf"*l), n. pl. [NL. fr. Gr. gyro`s round + ||'egke`falos the brain.] (Zoˆl.) The higher orders of Mammalia, in ||which the cerebrum is convoluted. -- Gyr`en*ceph"a*lous (-ls), a.

Gyr"fal`con (jr"f`k'n), n. [OE. gerfaucon, OF. gerfaucon, LL. gyrofalco, perh. fr. L. gyrus circle + falco falcon, and named from its circling flight; or cf. E. gier-eagle. See Gyre, n., Falcon.] (Zoˆl.) One of several species and varieties of large Arctic falcons, esp. Falco rusticolus and the white species F. Islandicus, both of which are circumpolar. The black and the gray are varieties of the former. See Illust. of Accipiter. [Written also gerfalcon, gierfalcon, and jerfalcon.]

||Gy"ri (j"r), n. pl. See Gyrus.

Gyr"land (gr"land), v. t. [See Garland.] To garland. [Obs.]

Their hair loose and flowing, gyrlanded with sea grass.

B. Jonson.

||Gyr"o*dus (jr"*ds), n. [NL., fr. Gr. gyro`s round + 'odoy`s tooth.] ||(Paleon.) A genus of extinct oˆlitic fishes, having rounded teeth in ||several rows adapted for crushing.

Gy*rog"o*nite (j*rg"*nt), n. [Gr. gy^ros circle, ring + go`nos fruit.] (Paleon.) The petrified fruit of the Chara hispida, a species of stonewort. See Stonewort. Lyell.

Gy*roid"al (j*roid"al), a. [Gr. gy^ros circle + -oid + -al.] 1. Spiral in arrangement or action.

2. (Crystallog.) Having the planes arranged spirally, so that they incline all to the right (or left) of a vertical line; -- said of certain hemihedral forms.

3. (Opt.) Turning the plane of polarization circularly or spirally to the right or left.

||Gy*rol"e*pis (j*rl"*ps), n. [NL., fr. Gr. gyro`s round + lepi`s ||scale.] (Paleon.) A genus of ganoid fishes, found in strata of the ||new red sandstone, and the lias bone beds. Agassiz.

||Gy*ro"ma (j*r"m), n. [NL., fr. Gr. gyroy^n to round, bend, fr. gyro`s ||round.] A turning round. [R.]

Gyr"o*man`cy (jr"*mn`s or j"r-), n. [Gr. gy^ros ring, circle + -mancy: cf. F. gyromancie.] A kind of divination performed by drawing a ring or circle, and walking in or around it. Brande & C.

Gy"ron (j"rn), n. [F. giron; of German origin. See Gore a piece of cloth.] (Her.) A subordinary of triangular form having one of its angles at the fess point and the opposite side at the edge of the escutcheon. When there is only one gyron on the shield it is bounded by two lines drawn from the fess point, one horizontally to the dexter side, and one to the dexter chief corner.

Gy"ron*ny (j"rn*n), a. [F. gironnÈ.] (Her.) Covered with gyrons, or divided so as to form several gyrons; -- said of an escutcheon.

Gy"ro-pi`geon (j"r*pj`n), n. [L. gyrare to revolve + E. pigeon.] A flying object simulating a pigeon in flight, when projected from a spring trap. It is used as a flying target in shooting matches. Knight.

Gy"ro*scope (j"r*skp), n. [Gr. gy^ros ring, circle + - scope.] 1. A rotating wheel, mounted in a ring or rings, for illustrating the dynamics of rotating bodies, the composition of rotations, etc. It was devised by Professor W. R. Johnson, in 1832, by whom it was called the rotascope.

2. A form of the above apparatus, invented by M. Foucault, mounted so delicately as to render visible the rotation of the earth, through the tendency of the rotating wheel to preserve a constant plane of rotation, independently of the earth's motion.

Gy`ro*scop"ic (-skp"k), a. Pertaining to the gyroscope; resembling the motion of the gyroscope.

Gy*rose" (j*rs" or j"rs), a. [See Gyre.] (Bot.) Turned round like a crook, or bent to and fro. Loudon.

Gy"ro*stat (j"r*stt), n. [Gr. gy^ros ring, circle + "ista`nai to cause to stand.] (Physics) A modification of the gyroscope, consisting essentially of a fly wheel fixed inside a rigid case to which is attached a thin flange of metal for supporting the instrument. It is used in studying the dynamics of rotating bodies.

Gy`ro*stat"ic (-stt"k), a. (Physics) Of or pertaining to the gyrostat or to gyrostatics.

Gy`ro*stat"ics (-ks), n. (Physics) The doctrine or theory of the gyrostat, or of the phenomena of rotating bodies.

||Gy"rus (j"rs), n.; pl. Gyri (-r). [L. See Gyre, n.] A convoluted ||ridge between grooves; a convolution; as, the gyri of the brain; the ||gyri of brain coral. See Brain.

Gyse (gz), n. Guise. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Gyte (gt), a. Delirious; senselessly extravagant; as, the man is clean gyte. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.

Gyve (jv), n. [Of Celtic origin; cf. W. gefyn, Ir. geibhionn, Gael. geimheal.] A shackle; especially, one to confine the legs; a fetter. [Written also give.]

Like a poor prisoner in his twisted gyves.

Shak.

With gyves upon his wrist.

Hood.

Gyve, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gyved (jvd); p. pr. & vb. n. Gyving.] To fetter; to shackle; to chain. Spenser.