Chapter IV: The Minor Varieties of Plums (4)

=Gloire de Louveciennes.= Insititia. =1.= _Rev. Hort._ 650. 1900. =2.= _Ibid._ 476, fig. 1901.

Mirabelle Gloire de Louveciennes 1, 2.

Noted in the _Revue Horticole_ as a Mirabelle introduced in 1900 by M. Lecointe. Fruit similar to Mirabelle de Nancy in shape and form, but larger; skin citron-yellow, dotted and shaded with red on the sunny side; flesh firm, very sweet, like the Apricot in flavor.

=Gloria.= Americana mollis. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 119. 1904.

A seedling of Wolf; fruit large, oval; cavity narrow; suture a line; bright red or yellow mottled with red; dots few; bloom light; skin thick, tough; flesh yellow, juicy, sweet; good; stone large, nearly free; variety promising.

=Gloucestershire Violet.= Domestica. =1.= _Jour. Hort._ =17=:285. 1888.

_Minsterworth_ 1. _Prince_ 1.

A very old variety first known as Prince; it is grown largely on the banks of the Severn, England, where it is propagated from seed or from root-suckers. Fruit small, oval, with slight tendency to a neck; suture distinct; dark mahogany; bloom thin; flesh greenish, tender, sweet, pleasant; stone small; free.

=Glow.= Maritima × Subcordata × Americana × Nigra. =1.= Burbank _Cat._ 14. 1911.

From crosses of the species named Burbank grew this variety. Tree of medium size; branches slender and drooping. Fruit large, round, crimson, dotted with yellow; flesh orange color, rich; good; freestone; late.

=G. No. 4.= Domestica. =1.= _N. Y. Sta. Rpt._ =9=:347. 1890. 2. _Mich. Sta. Bul._ =177=:42, 43. 1899.

G. No. 44 Jones (unpublished).

In 1890, Herbert A. Jones, Himrods, New York, sent this variety to a few experiment stations for testing. Fruit of medium size, roundish; suture very shallow; cavity medium deep; stem slender; skin thin; dark purple; bloom thick; dots numerous, sometimes irregular, russet; flesh greenish-yellow, juicy, firm, sourish; poor; clingstone; mid-season; variety not worth propagating.

=Goff.= Americana. =1.= Meneray _Cat._

Prof. Goff 1.

A seedling of Hawkeye grown by H. A. Terry; introduced by F. W. Meneray, Council Bluffs, Iowa. Fruit large, red over yellow; good; clingstone.

=Gold.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894. =2.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:273. 1900. =3.= Terry _Cat._ 1900.

Golden 3.

A variety from H. A. Terry not to be confused with the Golden of Burbank (Gold of Stark Brothers). Fruit of medium size, roundish; cavity shallow, small; orange-yellow and red; bloom thin; skin rather thick, astringent; flesh yellow, firm, meaty, subacid; good; clingstone.

=Gold Coin.= Americana. =1.= Terry _Cat._ 1900.

An unknown variety mentioned by H. A. Terry, Crescent, Iowa, as the parent of Coinage.

=Gold Colored.= Americana. =1.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:39. 1897. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 150. 1901.

From Edson Gaylord, Gaylord, Iowa. Fruit of medium size, bright yellow; stone small, free.

=Golden Cluster.= Domestica. =1.= _Montreal Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 93. 1885.

A seedling from Henry Corse of Montreal. Tree slow in growth, with long internodes; fruit of medium size, egg-shaped; hanging in dense clusters by firmly adherent stems; gold, tinged with brown; flesh firm, pleasant; ripening season long.

=Golden Gage.= Domestica. _N. Y. Sta. Rpt._ =12=:611. 1893.

Golden Gage is a seedling of Golden Drop grown by J. T. Macomber, Grand Isle, Vermont. Fruit small, oval; cavity shallow; suture a line; apex round; skin thin; pale yellow with red specks; bloom thin; dots small; flesh yellow, very sweet; good; stone oval, slightly necked; free; mid-season; of little commercial importance because of inferior size and color.

=Golden Gem.= Species?

A variety originating from seed with P. P. Dawson, Payette, Idaho.

=Golden Prolific.= Species? =1.= _Ont. Fr. Exp. Sta. Rpt._ =5=:116. 1898.

Tree vigorous, productive; fruit medium, yellow; very good; clingstone; poor shipper.

=Golden Prune.= Domestica. =1.= Wickson _Cal. Fruits_ 360. 1891. =2.= _Cal. Sta. Bd. Hort._ 112. 1891. =3.= _U. S. D. A. Rpt._ 291. 1893. =4.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 105. 1901.

Golden 2.

Grown by Seth Lewelling, Milwaukee, Oregon, from a seed of the Italian Prune; mentioned in the last two catalogs of the American Pomological Society. Fruit large, oval; cavity small, round, shallow, abrupt; stem short; suture shallow; apex depressed, sometimes cracking; light yellow; bloom thin; dots numerous, yellow; skin thin; flesh yellow, firm, tender, juicy; good; stone of medium size, long-oval, nearly free; mid-season.

=Golden Queen.= Americana. =1.= Terry _Cat._ 1900. =2.= Ill. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 426. 1905.

Originated with H. A. Terry; first fruited in 1897. Tree characterized by its luxuriant foliage; fruit large, roundish-oblong, golden-yellow; good; said to be valuable for dessert.

=Golden Transparent.= Domestica. =1.= _Gard. World_ =10=:448. 1893. =2.= Rivers _Cat._ 34. 1898. =3.= Thompson _Gard. Ass’t_ 157. 1901.

From Thomas Rivers, Sawbridgeworth, England; closely allied to the Transparent Gage, but is distinctly later and more golden in color; an excellent dessert plum.

=Goldsmith.= Domestica. Mentioned in _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 147. 1831.

Goldsmith’s Vienna.

=Gondin.= Domestica? Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 432. 1889.

Pflaume Von Gondin. _Prune de Gondin._

=Gonne.= Domestica. =1.= _Ann. Pom. Belge_ =6=:15, Pl. 1858. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 917. 1869. =3.= Oberdieck _Deut. Obst. Sort._ 409. 1881.

Gonne’s Rothe Pflaume 3. Prune Gonne 1. _Prune Gonne_ 2.

Originated by Dr. Gonne of Fleurus, Belgium. Oberdieck gives the Gonne’s Rothe Pflaume, which is evidently the same variety, as a seedling of the Red Egg. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit large, obovate, sometimes spherical; suture shallow to deep; carmine-red, dotted with russet; flesh yellow, juicy, melting, sweet; the pit lies in a large cavity, nearly free; mid-season.

=Goose-Dye.= Species? =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 11. 1900.

A supposed hybrid between the Wild Goose plum and Dyehouse cherry grown by Theodore Williams. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit larger than Wild Goose, oval, cherry-red; clingstone; mid-season; said to be free from rot.

=Goose-O.= Munsoniana × Triflora. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 11. 1900.

A cross between Wild Goose and Ogon made by Theodore Williams, Benson, Nebraska. Tree suckers badly; fruit of medium size, roundish, red on a yellow ground; clingstone; mid-season.

=Gordon.= Domestica. =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 46. 1897.

_Gordon No. 3_ 1.

A seedling of Imperial Gage. Fruit of medium size, roundish; yellow overspread with coppery-red; bloom profuse; skin acid; flesh rich, yellow, meaty, juicy, subacid; good; freestone; mid-season.

=Gordon Castle.= Domestica. =1.= _Gard. Chron._ =26=:364. 1866. =2.= _Garden_ =54=:318. 1898.

A plum of the Reine Claude type which originated at Gordon Castle, England. Fruit large, obovate; greenish-yellow overspread with a reddish blush; flesh firm, sweet; good; mid-season.

=Gorman.= Species? Mentioned in _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 169. 1909.

=Govalle.= Triflora ×? =1.= _Vt. Sta. Bul._ =67=:14. 1898. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 215. 1901.

Grown by Joseph Breck, Texas, supposedly from the Kelsey. Introduced by F. T. Ramsey in 1898. Fruit medium, oval; cavity shallow; bright red; flesh slightly soft, fibrous, sprightly; good; clingstone; early.

=Grace.= Americana. =1.= _U. S. D. A. Rpt._ 263. 1892. =2.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 74. 1895.

Originated with W. R. Grace, Garden City, Kansas. Fruit of medium size, oblong, yellow striped with red, mottled and washed with dull purple; flesh yellow, melting, juicy; flavor rich, sweet; good; clingstone; mid-season.

=Grand Précoce.= Domestica? =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 432. 1889. =2.= _Guide Prat._ 163, 357. 1895.

Mentioned in the preceding references.

=Graugrüne Frühpflaume.= Species? =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 432. 1889.

Mathieu found the variety referred to in _Wiener Garten-Zeitung_ 287. 1884.

=Gray Damask.= Insititia. =1.= Quintinye _Com. Gard._ 68, 70. 1699.

Mentioned by Quintinye as “a round plum of a gray color.”

=Grayson.= Munsoniana × Americana. =1.= Sherman _Cat._ 1897. =2.= _Vt. Sta. Rpt._ =12=:225. 1899.

A seedling of Wild Goose crossed with some Americana; from A. L. Bruce, Basin Springs, Texas, about 1893. Fruit of medium size, roundish; suture a line; clear red; dots many, conspicuous, yellow; bloom heavy; flesh yellow, soft; good; clingstone; season follows Wild Goose.

=Great Bearer.= Domestica. =1.= _Montreal Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 56. 1878.

Corse’s Great Bearer 1.

Undoubtedly originated with Henry Corse of Montreal, Canada. Fruit small, light blue; flavor fair; very prolific.

=Greely.= Domestica. =1.= _Me. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 130. 1888. =2.= _Ibid._ 144. 1889. =3.= _Rural N. Y._ =55=:512. 1896.

Greeley 1, 3.

Captain Eliphalet Greely of Portland, Maine, secured the original tree from Montreal; introduced by O. K. Gerrish of Portland. A large, purple plum so closely resembling Bradshaw that some growers believe them to be identical; its season seems to be earlier than Bradshaw.

=Greenfield.= Domestica. =1.= _Montreal Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 51. 1878.

A seedling of Red Magnum Bonum raised by Mr. Greenfield of Canada. Tree hardy, productive; fruit large, red.

=Green Indian.= Domestica. =1.= Willich _Dom. Enc._ 195. 1903.

_White Indian_ 1.

Reported in 1803 as a very desirable variety.

=Green Italian.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 3d App. 181. 1869.

From Germany; tree moderately vigorous, fairly productive; fruit medium, oval; suture a line; greenish-yellow splashed with green; bloom thin; cavity small; flesh green, coarse, juicy, sweet, rich; good; semi-clinging; mid-season.

=Green Oysterly.= Domestica. =1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 577 fig., 578. 1629. =2.= Rea _Flora_ 207. 1676.

Described as roundish, of medium size, greenish, juicy, flavor “reasonably good.”

=Green Perdrigon.= Domestica. =1.= Rea _Flora_ 208. 1676.

Described by Rea nearly two hundred and fifty years ago as “a round plum, of medium size, green; flavor good.”

=Green Pescod.= Domestica. =1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 576. 1629.

Parkinson states that “this plum is of medium size, pointed; mid-season.”

=Grelck.= Cerasifera. =1.= Wickson _Cal. Fruits_ 358. 1891.

Supposedly a seedling grown by John Grelck of Los Angeles, California, who gave it to O. S. Chapin of San Diego County about 1883. Fruit small, round, light yellow with reddish shade, sprightly; good; season before Myrobalan; decidedly superior to Myrobalan.

=Gros Damas de Tours.= Domestica. =1.= Quintinye _Com. Gard._ 70. 1699. =2.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:69. 1768. =3.= Knoop _Fructologie_ =2=:56. 1771. =4.= Forsyth _Treat. Fr. Trees_ 19. 1803. =5.= Willich _Dom. Enc._ =4=:300. 1803. =6.= Miller _Gard. Dict._ 3. 1807. =7.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 145, 147. 1831. =8.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:86. 1832. =9.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 917. 1869. =10.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 433. 1889.

_Damas de Tours_ 10. Damas de Tours Gros 7. _Damas de Tours Gros_ 8, 9, 10. Damas gros de Tours 3. Damas Violet of Tours 4. Great Violet Damask de Tours 5. _Great Damask Violet of Tours_ 6, 10. Great Damask Violet of Tours 9. Great Plum of Tours 7. Great Violet Tours Damask 1. Gros Damas 6. Grosse Damascene von Tours 10. _Gros Damas de Tours_ 8, 9, 10. _Gros Damas Violet de Tours_ 6. Largest Damask of Tours 8. _Largest Damask of Tours_ 9, 10.

For historical notes and description see Précoce de Tours.

=Gros Damas Noir.= Domestica? =1.= Noisette _Man. Comp. Jard._ =2=:500. 1860.

A small mediocre plum mentioned by Noisette as ripening the last of July.

=Grosse Hâtive de Rodt.= Domestica? Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 433. 1889.

=Grosse Marange.= Domestica. =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 433. 1889. =2.= _Guide Prat._ 156, 357. 1895.

_Hâtive d’Augny_ 1, 2.

This variety was grown by M. Chabardin of Augny near Metz, France, where it is considered very promising because of its high quality and earliness. Fruit medium in size, roundish; purplish; flesh yellowish-green, sweet; quality best of its season; very early.

=Grosse Rosspauke.= Species? =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 434. 1889.

Mathieu found it noted in _Wiener Garten-Zeitung_ 287. 1884.

=Grosse Surpasse.= Domestica. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2d Ser. =3=:52. 1900. =2.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 432. 1905.

A small round plum tested at British Columbia Experimental Farm; yellow; flesh yellow, tender, sweet, pleasant; stone small, clinging; mid-season.

=Grosse Violette de Grugliasco.= Species? Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 434. 1889.

=Grüne Dattel Zwetsche.= Domestica. =1.= Oberdieck _Deut. Obst. Sort._ 444. 1881. =2.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 434. 1889.

_Berliner Pflaume 2._ _Datte Verte_ 2. Grüne Dattelzwetsche 1. _Grüne Insel Pflaume_ 2 incor. _Susina Verdachia Longa_ 2. _Weisse Indische Pflaume_ 2.

Mentioned in the preceding references. Grünliche Dattelpflaume von Besançon is given by _Guide Pratique_, 1895, as a synonym of the Yellow Egg.

=Grüne Herzformige.= Domestica. =1.= Kraft _Pom. Aust._ =2=:30, Tab. 176 fig. 1. 1796.

Die grüne herzförmige Pflaume 1. Prune coeur de pigeon verd 1.

An old European variety. Flowers small; fruit heart-shaped, greenish-yellow; flesh yellow, firm; stone uncommonly rough and uneven.

=Grüne Zwetsche Von Monrepos.= Species? Listed in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 434. 1889.

=Guilford No. 2.= Hortulana mineri. =1.= _Ill. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 135. 1903 =2.= _Ibid._ 422. 1905.

A seedling of Miner from Illinois. Tree moderately vigorous, productive; fruit yellow, with a pink cheek; good; freestone; mid-season.

=Guimaraen.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 148. 1831.

Fruit medium in size, oval, yellow; good; clingstone; mid-season.

=Guinea Egg.= Americana. =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:263. 1900.

Found wild about 1857 by Frederick Albright, near Bangor, Marshall County, Iowa; not introduced. Tree vigorous, hardy; fruit large, dark red; skin thin; flesh firm; good; stone small.

=Gundaker.= Domestica. =1.= _Horticulturist_ =6=:524. 1851. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 383. 1857.

A large, heart-shaped, purple plum grown from seed by Samuel E. Gundaker, Lancaster, Pennsylvania, about 1820; of good quality.

=Gundaker Prune.= Domestica. =1.= _Horticulturist_ =6=:524. 1851. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 382. 1857.

_Groundacre_ 1, 2.

A seedling grown by Samuel E. Gundaker, Lancaster, Pennsylvania, about 1820; sent out by Samuel Carpenter of Lancaster, Ohio, as Groundacre. Tree productive; fruit large, oval, light yellow; good.

=Guthrie Apricot.= Domestica. =1.= _Mag. Hort._ =12=:341. 1846. =2.= _U. S. Pat. Off. Rpt._ =2=:449. 1849. =3.= McIntosh _Bk. Gard._ =2=:531. 1855. =4.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 918. 1869. =5.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 434. 1889.

_Abricot de Guthrie_ 5. Guthrie’s Apricot Plum 2. _Guthrie’s Apricot_ 5. _Guthrie’s Golden_ 4. Guthrie’s Golden 5. Guthrie’s New Apricot 3.

A seedling raised by Charles Guthrie of Taybank, Dundee, Scotland. Fruit of medium size, roundish; suture slight; cavity small; yellow; bloom thin; dots red; flesh yellow, coarse, juicy, sweet; good; clingstone; mid-season.

=Guthrie Russet.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 919. 1869. =2.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =2=:167. 1873.

Rousse De Guthrie 2. _Guthrie’s Russet_ 2.

A seedling of Reine Claude grown by Charles Guthrie, Taybank, Dundee, Scotland. Fruit large, oval; suture distinct; cavity small; stem slender; yellow, sometimes marbled with red; bloom thin; flesh yellow, juicy, sweet; good; clingstone; mid-season.

=Guthrie Topaz.= Domestica. =1.= _Mag. Hort._ =12=:341. 1846. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 919. 1869. =3.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 728. 1884. =4.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 434. 1889.

Guthrie’s Topaz 4. _Guthrie’s Topaz_ 3, 4. Topaz 3. _Topaze de Guthrie_ 4.

Grown by Charles Guthrie, Taybank, Dundee, Scotland, probably from seed of Reine Claude. Tree hardy, productive; fruit of medium size, oval, necked, suture distinct; cavity small; stem slender; yellow, with thin bloom; flesh yellow, juicy, sweet; flavor not high but pleasant; good; clingstone; mid-season.

=Gwalsh.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 148. 1831. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 301. 1845. =3.= Thomas _Am. Fruit Cult._ 343. 1849.

From Thomas Hancock, Burlington, New York. Fruit large, obovate; suture indistinct; dark purple; flesh yellow, juicy, sprightly; quality fair; clingstone; mid-season.

=Haag.= Americana. =1.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:24, 39. 1897. =2.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:274. 1900. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 150. 1901.

Purchased from a nurseryman of Minneapolis and introduced as Haag by J. S. Haag, Hosper, Sioux County, Iowa. Tree moderately vigorous, spreading; fruit above medium size, roundish; suture distinct; flesh greenish-yellow, tender, sweet; good; stone oval, clinging; mid-season.

=Hackl Grosse Zwetsche.= Species? =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 434. 1889.

Reference to this variety found by Mathieu in _Wiener Garten-Zeitung_ 287. 1884.

=Haferpflaume.= Insititia? Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 434. 1889.

_Blaue Krieche._ _Echte Hafer Pflaume._ _Echte Hafer Zwetsche._

=Haffner Herbstpflaume.= Domestica? Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 434. 1889.

=Haffner Königspflaume.= Domestica? Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 434. 1889.

_Royale de Haffner._

=Haku Botan.= Triflora. =1.= _Va. Sta. Bul._ =129=:113. 1901.

Imported by the United States Department of Agriculture.

=Hallenbeck.= Domestica. =1.= _Cultivator_ =8=:309. 1860. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 920. 1869.

Originated with Henry Hallenbeck, East Greenbush, Rensselaer County, New York. Fruit large, roundish-oval, one side often enlarged, reddish-purple; numerous minute dots; flesh greenish-yellow, very juicy, sugary, brisk flavor; good; clingstone; mid-season.

=Halcyon.= Triflora × Munsoniana? =1.= _Vt. Sta. An. Rpt._ =12=:225. 1899. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 215. 1901.

Grown by J. S. Breece, North Carolina. Fruit heart-shaped; suture faint; bright red; dots few; flesh yellow; quality fair; stone large, oval, clinging.

=Hanford.= Domestica. =1.= _Ill. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 71. 1868.

Hanford’s Orleans 1.

Mentioned in 1868 by Lucius C. Frances in the report of the Illinois Horticultural Society.

=Hanska.= Americana × Simonii. =1.= _S. Dak. Sta. Bul._ =108=: Pl. 5. 1908.

Originated by N. E. Hansen of the South Dakota Experiment Station; first fruited in 1906 on two-year-old trees. Tree very vigorous, fruit of medium size, roundish-oblate, halves unequal; suture shallow; bright red; bloom heavy; flesh firm, reddish; stone very small; semi-free.

=Hanson.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 151. 1901.

Said to be of value in the South. Fruit of medium size; nearly spherical; suture shallow; skin very thick; bright red over yellow; dots numerous; flesh yellow; sweet; good; stone round, slightly flattened, clinging; early.

=Happiness.= Triflora ×? =1.= Griffing Bros. _Cat._ 1906-1909.

A chance seedling found by Joseph Breck about 1899; introduced by F. T. Ramsey, Austin, Texas; fruit large, bright red; good.

=Harlow.= Domestica. =1.= _U. S. D. A. Rpt._ 263. 1892. =2.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 74. 1895.

Supposed to be a seedling of Bradshaw; raised by S. C. Harlow, Bangor, Maine. Tree vigorous, hardy, productive; fruit large, oblong-oval; skin smooth, reddish-purple; dots numerous, fawn-colored; bloom light; flesh greenish-amber, melting, mildly subacid; mid-season.

=Harney.= Domestica. =1.= _U. S. D. A. Pom. Rpt._ 45. 1895.

Specimens of this plum from H. C. Cook, White Salmon, Washington, were described by the Division of Pomology, Department of Agriculture. Fruit large, roundish; cavity large, regular, deep, abrupt; suture shallow; purplish-red; dots large and small, russet; bloom thin; skin thin, tough; flesh pale yellow, tender, juicy, sweet, rich; very good; stone medium, roundish, nearly free; mid-season.

=Harper.= Munsoniana? =1.= _Ga. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 28. 1876. =2.= _Ibid._ 24. 1881.

Harper’s 1.

Originated about 1870. Fruit red; clingstone; mid-season.

=Harriet.= Domestica. =1.= _Gard. Chron._ =18=:441. 1882. =2.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 705. 1884.

Grown by Thomas Rivers, Sawbridgeworth, England, about 1870. Fruit of the Reine Claude type, medium in size; roundish-oblate; cavity deep; suture slight; skin thin but rather tough; golden yellow sometimes specked with red; bloom thin; flesh yellow, juicy, firm, very good; stone of medium size, oval, turgid, clinging; mid-season.

=Harris.= Hortulana mineri. =1.= _Ill. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 225. 1877.

Tree and fruit much resemble Miner, but the ripening season is four weeks earlier; freestone.

=Harrison.= Americana. =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 123. 1875. =2.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:38, 86. 1892. =3.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:39, 40. 1897. =4.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 170. 1901.

Harrison’s Peach 1, 2, 3. _Harrison’s Peach_ 4.

Found growing wild in Minnesota. Tree unproductive; fruit of medium size, oval; suture a line; cavity shallow; dots small; dull red; bloom thick; flesh yellow, tender, juicy, sweet; quality fair; stone oval, pointed, flattened, semi-clinging; mid-season. Harrison is the parent of a great number of varieties.

=Hart.= Americana. =1.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:40. 1897. =2.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:274. 1900. =3.= _S. Dak. Sta. Bul._ =93=:19. 1905.

Hart’s De Soto 1. _Hart’s De Soto_ 2, 3.

A sprout taken from a tree bought for De Soto by H. Hart, Sioux County, Iowa, about 1890; widely distributed by the Iowa Agricultural College. The fruit resembles De Soto in color and shape, but ripens from ten days to two weeks earlier; somewhat larger in size but inferior in quality.

=Hartwick.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 151. 1901.

Noted as of little value.

=Hartwiss.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 383. 1857. =2.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =2=:123. 1873. =3.= Lauche _Deut. Pom._ No. 3. Pl. 1882. =4.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 453. 1889.

_Hartwiss Gelbe Zwetsche_ 2, 3. Hartwiss Yellow Prune 1. Quetsche Jaune de Hartwiss 2. _Quetsche Jaune de Hartwiss_ 4. Von Hartwiss’ Gelbe Zwetsche 4.

Obtained by Liegel from a pit of Quetsche Jaune Précoce and dedicated by him to the Director of the Imperial Gardens at Nikita, Crimea. Tree large, productive; fruit medium in size, irregularly oval; suture broad and shallow; halves unequal; skin canary-yellow, rather adherent; bloom thin; flesh yellow, tender, sweet; freestone; mid-season.

=Harvest.= Americana. =1.= _Minn. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 127. 1890.

Brought in from the wild by H. Knudson, Springfield, Minnesota. Fruit large, roundish-ovate; skin thin, red; quality fair; early.

=Hattie.= Cerasifera. =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 67. 1875. =2.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:75, 86. 1892. =3.= _Vt. Sta. An. Rpt._ =13=:369. 1900.

Cultivated in the South. Tree dwarfish; branches stiff and rough; leaves small, folded upward, finely serrate; petioles glandless; flowers small and clustered; fruit small, roundish; suture a line; cavity small; stem slender; dull red; bloom thin; dots many, conspicuous; skin thin, tough; flesh yellow, soft, watery; quality fair; clingstone; early.

=Hayo-Simoni.= Triflora. =1.= _N. Mex. Sta. Bul._ =27=:124. 1898.

An upright, vasiform tree; fruit above medium, roundish-oblate; suture distinct; dark red; dots minute, yellow; bloom abundant; flesh dull yellow, firm, juicy, subacid; good; clingstone; early.

=Hazard.= Domestica. =1.= John Watkins _Cat._

Mentioned by John Watkins, nurseryman, Withington, England.

=Heaton.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894.

Received by J. W. Kerr about 1894 from H. A. Terry, Iowa. Fruit medium to large, oblong-oval, dark purplish-red; freestone; early.

=Hector.= Domestica.

A chance seedling found about 1890 by Edward Smith on his farm at Hector, New York; introduced by E. Smith and Sons, Geneva, New York. Tree vigorous, hardy and productive; fruit one and three-quarters inches in diameter, roundish; cavity deep; suture shallow; stem short, thick; skin tender; dark reddish-purple; bloom thick; dots inconspicuous; flesh light yellow, juicy, tender, sweet, mild; quality good; stone semi-clinging, oval, turgid, slightly winged and necked; mid-season.

=Heep.= Angustifolia varians. =1.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 195. 1901.

F. T. Ramsey, Austin, Texas, offered this sort in his 1897 catalog as an old variety found in the orchard of a Mr. Heep. Tree very vigorous and productive; fruit above medium size, red; quality fair.

=Heikes.= Triflora. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =62=:23. 1894. =2.= _Ibid._ =139=:38, 42. 1897.

_Burbank No. 4_ 1.

Imported by Luther Burbank, Santa Rosa, California, in 1885, and named for W. F. Heikes of the Huntsville Nurseries, Huntsville, Alabama. As tested at the Cornell Experiment Station similar to Satsuma if not identical with it.

=Heine Superbe.= Domestica. Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 434. 1889.

=Helen.= Species? =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Cat._ 36. 1875.

Helen’s Seedling 1.

Listed in American Pomological Society catalog for eight years.

=Hendrick.= Munsoniana? =1.= _Ala. Sta. Bul._ N. S. =11=:12. 1890.

Hendrick’s 1.

Tree vigorous; fruit of medium size, spherical, yellow, blushed with red; flesh tender; good; early.

=Henrietta Gage.= Domestica. =1.= _Gen. Farmer_ =9=:232. 1848. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 920. 1869. =3.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =2=:169. 1873.

_Early Genesee_ 2. _Henrietta Gage_ 3. Reine-Claude D’Henrietta 3.

Originated about 1840 on the farm of a Mr. Brown, Henrietta, Monroe County, New York. Similar to Reine Claude but much earlier.

=Henry Clay.= Domestica. =1.= _Cultivator_ =3=:20. 1855. =2.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =2=:95. 1873.

A seedling of Howard raised by Elisha Dorr, Albany, New York; named by Dr. Warder of Cincinnati, Ohio; first fruited in 1852. Fruit large, oval; suture broad and shallow; stem long, rather thick; skin clear yellow, often washed and dotted with red on the sunny exposure; flesh clear yellow, sweet, vinous; good; stone small, clinging; mid-season.

=Herbst Kriecke.= Insititia? =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 435. 1889.

Mention of the variety found by Mathieu in _Wiener Garten-Zeitung_ 288. 1884.

=Herbstpflaume.= Domestica. =1.= Oberdieck _Deut. Obst. Sort._ 445. 1881.

A German variety; unproductive in dry soils.

=Hereford Damson.= Insititia. =1.= Watkins _Cat._ 48. 1892?

Mentioned in the preceding reference as a favorite and very productive.

=Herefordshire Prune.= Domestica. =1.= Thompson _Gard. Ass’t_ =4=:160. 1901.

Fruit large, obovate; flesh firm, yellowish-green.

=Heron.= Domestica. =1.= _U. S. D. A. Pom. Rpt._ 26. 1894. =2.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =131=:187. 1897. =3.= Rivers _Cat._ 35. 1898.

Originated and introduced by Thomas Rivers, Sawbridgeworth, England. Popular in England but on account of its poor foliage it is of little value in this country. Fruit large, roundish, dark purplish-red; dots small; skin sour; flesh greenish-yellow, firm, meaty, moderately juicy, subacid; good; stone large, oval, semi-free; early.

=Heroy.= Species? Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 435. 1889.

=Herren.= Domestica. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2d Ser. =3=:52. 1900.

A vigorous variety of the Reine Claude type grown in Germany. Fruit of medium size, roundish, slightly flattened at both ends; suture distinct; sides often unequal; dull yellow; flesh yellowish, firm, coarse, sweet, juicy, pleasant; freestone; mid-season.

=Herzformige Pflaume.= Species? Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 435. 1889.

_Prune Cordiforme._

=Heupflaume.= Species? =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 435. 1889.

Reference obtained by Mathieu in _Wiener Garten-Zeitung_ 288. 1884.

=Hiawatha.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894. =2.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:41. 1897. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 152. 1901.

Introduced by C. W. H. Heideman, New Ulm, Minnesota, as an example of a staminate-flowered plum; rarely productive. Fruit very large, roundish-oblong, purplish-red; clingstone; early.

=Highland.= Domestica. =1.= _Cal. State Bd. Hort. Rpt._ =8=:47. 1897.

A seedling of Agen, grown by Luther Burbank, Santa Rosa, California. Tree vigorous and productive; fruit large, long-oval, purplish-crimson; flesh yellow, firm, sweet; flavor excellent; stone nearly free.

=Highlander.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 384. 1857.

Fruit large, irregularly ovate, deep blue; bloom thin; dots brown, numerous; yellow, juicy, vinous; semi-clinging; late.

=Hilda No. 5.= Hortulana mineri ×? =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:274. 1900.

Originated under cultivation with J. F. Wagner, Bennett, Iowa, in 1894, from seed of Miner pollinated by a wild plum; not introduced. Fruit above medium size, dark red; used for jellies.

=Hillside.= Americana. =1.= _Minn. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 128. 1890.

Selected from wild plants by H. Knudson, Springfield, Minnesota. Fruit of medium size; skin thick, deep red, astringent.

=Hilltop.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894. =2.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:42. 1897. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 152. 1901.

Fruit small, round-oval; suture a line; skin deep red; dots very minute; thick bloom; flesh yellow; quality fair; stone large, half-free.

=Hilman.= Americana. =1.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =87=:13. 1901.

Fruit small, oblong; skin yellow, two-thirds covered with purple; dots conspicuous; flesh yellow, firm, sweet; stone small, oval; mid-season.

=Hinkley.= Americana. =1.= Meneray _Cat._

A seedling of Harrison grown by H. A. Terry and introduced by F. W. Meneray, Council Bluffs, Iowa. Fruit large, yellow with a red cheek; flesh yellow, rich, sweet, semi-clinging; good.

=Hlubeck Aprikosenpflaume.= Domestica. Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 435. 1889.

=Hoag’s Seedling.= Domestica. =1.= _N. Y. Sta. Rpt._ =8=:356. 1889.

Received for testing at the New York Experiment Station in 1889.

=Hoffman.= Munsoniana? =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:63. 1892. =2.= Thomas _Am. Fruit Cult._ 492. 1897.

A wild variety from southwestern Missouri. Fruit of medium size, roundish, purplish-red; mid-season.

=Hofinger Mirabelle.= Insititia. Listed in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 435. 1889.

_Hofinger’s Rote Mirabelle._ _Roter Spilling_ incor.

=Hog.=

A common name variously applied to _P. americana_, _P. umbellata_, _P. hortulana_ and _P. gracilis_.

=Holland.= Domestica. =1.= Coxe _Cult. Fr. Trees_ 239. 1817. =2.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:78. 1832. =3.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 301. 1845. =4.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 435. 1885.

_Blue Holland_ 2, 3, 4. _Holland Plum_ 1, 3. _Holland Prune_ 4. _Kensington Prune_ 2. _Large Holland_ 2, 3.

An old variety supposed to have been brought into this country from Holland by the early Dutch settlers. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit roundish, slightly compressed, blue; stem very adherent; flesh juicy, melting, sweet, rich; freestone; mid-season.

=Holland.= Triflora × Angustifolia varians. =1.= _Vt. Sta. Bul._ =67=:14. 1898. =2.= Kerr _Cat._ 1900. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 215. 1901.

A cross between Lone Star and Kelsey, grown by D. H. Watson, Brenham, Texas; introduced by W. A. Yates in 1897. Fruit resembles Abundance in shape and size; yellowish-green splashed with red; flesh firm, juicy, vinous; semi-clinging; mid-season.

=Holister.= Munsoniana. =1.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 275. 1893. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 185. 1901.

_Holister_ 1.

A variety said to have originated with a Mr. Holister of Cedar County, Iowa. Tree productive; fruit of medium size, roundish-oblong; cavity shallow; suture faint; clear bright red; flesh soft, yellow, sweet; good; clingstone; mid-season.

=Holman Prune.= Domestica. =1.= _Sarcoxie Nur. Cat._ 1892. =2.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2d Ser. =3=:52. 1900.

A seedling grown by D. S. Holman, Springfield, Maine. Fruit of medium size, oblong, pointed; greenish-yellow; flesh yellow, firm, sweet, juicy; stone small, pointed, free; mid-season.

=Holme.= Domestica. =1.= _Peachland Nur. Cat._

Holmes Early Blue 1.

Introduced by J. Van Lindley, Pomona, North Carolina. Tree hardy, productive; fruit large, dark blue; good; early.

=Holt.= Americana. =1.= _U. S. D. A. Rpt._ 392. 1891. =2.= _Colo. Sta. Bul._ =50=:37. 1898. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 152. 1901.

Originated with B. J. Holt of Rutland, Ohio. Tree vigorous, spreading; fruit large, roundish, yellow shaded with red; flesh yellow, melting, juicy, mild subacid; good; clingstone; mid-season.

=Homestead.= Americana. =1.= _Minn. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 128. 1890. =2.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:42. 1897.

Originated with H. Knudson, Springfield, Minnesota. Fruit small, round, deep red; skin not at all adherent; flavor rich, somewhat resembling a peach; stone small, free.

=Honey.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894. =2.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =87=:13. 1901. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 153. 1901.

Tree unproductive; fruit small, oblate; cavity shallow; suture a line; yellow washed and shaded with red; flesh sweet; quality fair; clingstone; early.

=Honey Julian.= Domestica. Listed in _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 148. 1831.

=Hoo Green Gage.= Domestica. Mentioned in _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 148. 1831.

=Hoosier.= Hortulana. =1.= _Sarcoxie Nur. Cat._ 1900.

From Greene County, Missouri; introduced by Wild Brothers Nursery. Tree vigorous, spreading; fruit above medium size, roundish; suture a line; dark cherry-red; bloom thin; dots distinct; flesh yellow; good; clingstone; late.

=Horemoritzer Reine Claude.= Domestica. =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 435. 1889.

Reference found by Mathieu in _Pomologische Monatshefte_ 33. 1889.

=Horrigan.= Domestica. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm. Bul._ =43=:38. 1903.

Mentioned as being tested.

=Horse.= Species? =1.= Knoop _Fructologie_ 62. 1771. =2.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 148. 1831. =3.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:87. 1832. =4.= Kenrick _Am. Orch._ 263. 1832. =5.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 301. 1845. =6.= Floy-Lindley _Guide Orch. Gard._ 303. 1846. =7.= _Vt. Sta. An. Rpt._ =13=:335. 1899.

_Early Damson_ 3. _Horse Plum_ 3, 4. _Irish Horse Plum_ 2. Large Early Damson 3. _Large Early Damson_ 5. Large Sweet Damson 4. _Prune de Cheval_ 1. Ros-pruim Double 1. _Sweet Damson_ 3, 5.

Plums from at least two and possibly three species are known as the “Horse Plum.” In New York the Horse Plum used by nurserymen as a stock is undoubtedly _Prunus cerasifera_. The plum referred to by Waugh, in the preceding reference, is a variety of _Prunus domestica_. It is difficult to determine the species referred to by the older writers, but from the frequency with which the word Damson appears as a synonym, it would seem that some at least had in mind _Prunus insititia_.

The Horse plum brought into this country by the early Dutch or French settlers, propagated by seedlings or suckers was probably an Insititia. During the first half of the last century, this plum was extensively raised in this State and large quantities were sold in the New York market. It is described as follows:—

Fruit of medium size, oval; suture distinct; reddish-purple; flesh greenish, firm, sweet, dry; poor; usually freestone; mid-season.

=Horse Jag.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 148. 1831. =2.= _Mag. Hort._ =9=:164. 1843.

_Horse Gage_ 1, 2.

Fruit small, round or slightly oval, red; stone clinging; mid-season.

=Hoskins.= Americana. =1.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:42. 1897. =2.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 110. 1899. =3.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:275. 1900.

Originated by a Mr. Hoskins of Pleasant Plain, Jefferson County, Iowa; and introduced by J. Wragg and Sons, Waukee, Iowa, in 1899. Tree productive; fruit of medium size, yellow; skin thin, tough; freestone; mid-season.

=Houston County.= Species? Mentioned in _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:79. 1892.

=How Amber.= Domestica. =1.= _Mag. Hort._ =12=:398, 399 fig. 1846. =2.= Elliott _Fr. Book_ 419. 1854. =3.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 384. 1857.

How’s Amber 1, 2, 3.

A seedling selected from several hundred brought from New Hampshire and grown by Hall J. How of South Boston in 1838. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit of medium size, round; suture shallow; amber, spotted and mottled with rose; flesh coarsely veined, yellow, melting, juicy, rich; good; clingstone; mid-season.

=Howard.= Domestica. =1.= _Cultivator_ =1=:316. 1853. =2.= _Ibid._ =3=:20. 1855. =3.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =2=:185. 1873.

Howard’s Favorite 1, 2. _Howard’s Favorite_ 3. _Favorite d’Howard_ 3.

A seedling of unknown parentage produced by Elisha Dorr, Albany, New York. Fruit large, necked, yellow, dotted and shaded with carmine; stem very adherent; skin thick; flesh coarse, sweet, rich; clingstone; mid-season.

=Howe.= Triflora ×? =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 248. 1903. =2.= Griffing Bros. _Cat._ 1906. =3.= _Ibid._ 1909.

Stumpe 3. _Stumpy_ 1.

A seedling of Kelsey grown in the yard of a Mrs. Stumpe, Putnam County, Florida; introduced by Griffing Brothers in 1906. Fruit large, roundish, red; bloom delicate; suture a line; skin thin, leathery; flesh yellow, firm, juicy; good; stone small, oval, clinging; early.

=Howell.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 302. 1845. =2.= _Horticulturist_ =7=:402. 1852. =3.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 921. 1869.

_Chapin’s Early_ 3. _Early Purple_ 2, 3. Howell’s Early 1. Sea 2. _Sea_ 3.

This variety derives its name from B. Howell of Newburgh, New York, who brought the original tree from Virginia as a sucker. It was supposed to have been introduced into the Southern States by cions from Germany. Tree of slow growth; fruit below medium, oval; suture indistinct; red; flesh juicy, rich, sweet; good; freestone; very early.

=Hoyo Smomo.= Triflora. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =62=:23. 1894.

A name used by J. L. Normand, Marksville, Louisiana; probably a synonym.

=H. T. S. 84,761.= Species? =1.= _Rural N. Y._ =61=:674. 1902.

One of Burbank’s plums. Fruit large, yellow with crimson blush; flesh yellow, firm, sweet, vinous, juicy; clingstone; a good shipper.

=Huankume.= Triflora. =1.= _N. Mex. Sta. Bul._ =39=:122. 1901.

Reported from New Mexico as weak in growth; fruit small, roundish, downy; yellowish-red; slightly acid; clingstone; resembles the apricot in flavor and appearance.

=Hudson Gage.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 277. 1845. =2.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 365. 1866. =3.= _Guide Prat._ 163, 364. 1895.

Hudson 2. _Hudson_ 3. _Hudson Gage_ 2, 3. _Hudson’s gelbe Frühpflaume_ 3. Reine-Claude d’Hudson 3.

Hudson Gage is one of several good varieties originated by L. V. Lawrence of Hudson New York. Fruit of medium size, oval; suture slight; yellow, obscurely streaked with green; bloom thin; flesh greenish, juicy, melting, sprightly; good; freestone; early; placed in the catalog of the American Pomological Society in 1877.

=Hughes.= Munsoniana. =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 166. 1885. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 195-6. 1901. =3.= _Ga. Sta. Bul._ =67=:275. 1904.

Originated in northeastern Mississippi where it is said to be one of the best of its species. Fruit of medium size, roundish; stem long, slender; cavity shallow; suture a line; bright red, striped with yellow; dots large, white; skin thin; flesh yellow, fibrous, watery, sprightly, subacid quality fair; stone of medium size, turgid, clinging; late.

=Hungarian Musk Prune.= Domestica. =1.= _Guide Prat._ 158, 363. 1895. =2.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 432. 1905.

_Basilic_ 1. _Musquée de Besztercze_ 1. _Proune bissioque_ (Roumanie) 1. Quetsche musquée de Hongrie 1.

Hungarian Musk Prune is very similar to the German Prune; fruit of medium size, necked; cavity small; suture shallow; deep purple; bloom thick; flesh yellow, juicy, sweet, musky, aromatic; stone small, free; mid-season.

=Hungarian No. 1.= Domestica. =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =31=:349. 1895.

J. L. Budd of the Iowa Experiment Station received this plum from Europe with sprouts of his Ungarish. Fruit of medium size, prune-shape, bright yellow; freestone.

=Hungarian No. 2.= Domestica. =1.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 86. 1890.

Imported by J. L. Budd from Russia; of little value.

=Hunn.= Triflora. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =139=:43. 1897. =2.= _Ibid._ =175=:147. 1899.

_Burbank No. 1_ 1, 2.

A small, round plum named for C. E. Hunn of the New York State College of Agriculture; apex pointed; suture shallow; deep red; dots many, yellow; flesh soft, yellow, aromatic; quality fair; clingstone; mid-season.

=Hunt.= Munsoniana × Americana. =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 78. 1897. =2.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:275. 1900. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 153. 1901.

Originated about 1880 by Henry Hunt, De Soto, Dallas County, Iowa, from seed of Wild Goose probably pollinated by the De Soto, trees of which stood near. It was supposed at one time that Lombard was the male parent but no traces of Domestica blood can be detected in either tree or fruit; introduced in 1897 by M. J. Graham, Odel, Iowa. Fruit of medium size, roundish-oval; cavity shallow; suture a line; dark red; bloom heavy; dots large, conspicuous; skin thin, not astringent; flesh yellow, firm, mild; quality fair; stone large, ovate, winged.

=Hunt De Soto.= Americana. =1.= _S. Dak. Sta. Bul._ =93=:20. 1905.

Hunt’s De Soto 1.

Introduced by J. L. Budd of the Iowa Experiment Station; closely resembles De Soto, differing from it in being a little larger, darker red and a better keeper.

=Ida.= Americana. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:38. 1892. =2.= _Colo. Sta. Bul._ =50=:37. 1898. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 153. 1901.

Originated with D. B. Wier of Illinois. Tree very thorny, of slow, irregular growth; fruit medium, roundish-oblong; cavity shallow; stem medium, stout, dull; red over yellow; bloom thick; skin thick; flesh pale yellow; quality fair; stone roundish, rather flat, clinging; mid-season.

=Ida Green Gage.= Domestica. =1.= Cole _Am. Fr. Book_ 212. 1849.

A seedling of Reine Claude originating near Mount Ida, New York. It very closely resembles its parent except that it is more strongly blushed and is a few days later; obsolete.

=Idall.= Munsoniana × Hortulana mineri. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:56. 1892. =2.= _Am. Gard._ =19=:234. 1898. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 173. 1901.

_Idal_ 2. Idol 1. _Idol_ 1, 2.

According to the originator, D. B. Wier, of Illinois, the Idall is a cross between Wild Goose and Miner. Fruit large, roundish-oval; cavity shallow; suture a line; red; dots many; skin tough; flesh yellow; good; stone of medium size, oval, clinging; late.

=Imperial.= Americana. =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:276. 1900.

A small plum of the De Soto type brought to notice by C. B. Ginrich, Laporte, Iowa. Fruit round, conical; cavity broad, deep; suture a line; yellow with red markings; bloom thin; flesh clear yellow, firm, brisk, acid; good; clingstone.

=Impériale Alexandrina.= Species? Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 436. 1889.

=Impériale de Milan.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 149. 1831. =2.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 365. 1866. =3.= Mas _Le Verger_ =6=:67. 1866-73.

_Mailändische Kaiserpflaume_ 3. _Prune de Milan_ 2, 3.

Originated near the city of Milan, Italy. Tree large, vigorous, spreading; fruit medium, oval; suture distinct; stem short, rather thick; skin tough, dark purple; bloom heavy; flesh greenish-yellow, juicy, firm, sweet; good; usually freestone; mid-season.

=Imperial Ottoman.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 149. 1831. =2.= _Horticulturist_ =1=:11 fig. 1846. =3.= Elliott _Fr. Book_ 413. 1854. =4.= Mas =Pom. Gen.= =2=:137. 1873. =5.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 442. 1889.

Impériale de Turquie 4. _Impériale Ottomane_ 5. _Imperial Ottoman_ 3, 4, 5. Ottoman 3. Ottomanische Kaiserpflaume 5. _Ottomanische Kaiserpflaume_ 4. _Türkische Gelbe Pflaume_ 5.

Supposed to have been brought into this country from Turkey by William Prince. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit medium, roundish-oval; suture indistinct; stem of medium length, slender; greenish-yellow, clouded and mottled with darker shades; bloom thin; flesh yellow, juicy, pleasant; good; clingstone; very early.

=Imperial Purple.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 923. 1869. =2.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =2=:45. 1873.

_Imperial Purple_ 2. Pourprée Impérial 2.

Raised by William Prince, Flushing, Long Island. Tree vigorous, productive, fruit medium in size, roundish-oval; suture barely indicated; stem of medium length, slender; intense purple; flesh yellowish, juicy, sweet; clingstone; mid-season.

=Imperial Violet.= Domestica. =1.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:99. 1768. =2.= Kraft _Pom. Aust._ =2=:33, Tab. 181 fig. 1. 1796. =3.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:60. 1832. =4.= Noisette _Man. Comp. Jard._ =2=:497. 1860.

Die violete Kaiserpflaume mit scheckichten Blattern 2. Impériale à Petit Fruit Violet 4. Impériale Violette à feuilles panachees 1. _Impériale violette à feuilles panachees_ 2, 3.

A variety with variegated leaves and fruit, cultivated as an ornamental.

=Imperial Washington.= Domestica. =1.= _Horticulturist_ =25=:204. 1870.

A seedling of Lombard grown by G. P. Peffer of Pewaukee, Wisconsin. Tree vigorous and productive; fruit large, roundish, slightly oblate; suture faint; cavity lacking or small; brownish-red; dots yellow; skin thin, tender; flesh greenish-yellow, firm, juicy, rich; late.

=Improved French Prune.= Domestica. =1.= Coates _Cat._ 1908.

_Miller_ 1.

A seedling of Agen grown by Luther Burbank and sold in 1898 under the name Miller to Leonard Coates, Morganhill, California, who introduced it under the name given above about 1908. Very similar to its parent but larger and more uniform in size.

=Incomparable.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 924. 1869. =2.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 451. 1889.

_Incomparable_ 2. _Incomparable Prune_ 1. _Nonpareil_ 1, 2. _Unvergleichliche_ 2.

Probably a seedling of the German Prune. Tree vigorous; fruit of medium size, long-oval; suture shallow; cavity small; deep purplish-black; bloom heavy; flesh yellow, sweet; good; clingstone; late.

=Indian.= Domestica. =1.= Kraft _Pom. Aust._ =2=:36, Tab. 186 fig. 1. 1796.

Die grosse indianische braunrothe Pflaume 1. _Grosse prune d’Inde rouge_ 1.

Fruit large, obovate, brownish-red; suture distinct; flesh yellow, firm; good; obsolete.

=Indiana.= Hortulana mineri. =1.= _Mich. Sta. Rpt._ 111. 1887. =2.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:56, 86. 1892. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 173. 1901.

_Indiana Red_ 3. Indiana Red 1, 2.

Supposed to have been found wild in Indiana; introduced by Dr. I. Cramer. Tree tender in severe climates; fruit medium in size, oval; cavity shallow; stem slender; suture a line; red; bloom thin; dots minute, small; flesh yellow, firm; quality fair; stone large; oval, clinging; season late.

=Indian Chief.= Munsoniana. =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Cat._ 36. 1875. =2.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:49, 86. 1892. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 186. 1901.

A southern variety of which the place of origin is not certainly known; Munson says southern Texas, Onderdonk thinks Georgia, others consider Arkansas as its birthplace. Tree vasiform, open; leaves short, broad, finely serrate; petiole short, glandular; fruit of medium size, oval; stem short, slender; cavity shallow; suture a line; dots numerous, white; bright red; skin thick; flesh yellow, melting, insipid; poor; stone long-oval, flattened, clinging; early.

=Inkpa.= Americana × Simonii. _Cir. S. Dak. Exp. Sta._ 1910.

Inkpa is a cross between _Prunus simonii_ and _Prunus americana_ made by N. E. Hansen of the South Dakota Experiment Station, who introduced the variety in 1910.

=Iola.= Species? =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:79. 1892.

Originated by D. B. Wier, Illinois. Fruit large, oblong, yellow covered with red; flesh firm; freestone; late.

=Iona.= Hortulana mineri. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:39. 1892. =2.= Thomas _Am. Fruit Cult._ 490. 1897. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 153. 1901.

Originated with D. B. Wier, from seed taken from a wild bush in southwestern Wisconsin. Tree vigorous, upright; fruit of medium size, oval; cavity shallow; suture a line; flesh yellow, firm, sweet; quality fair; freestone; late.

=Iowa.= Americana. =1.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:43. 1897. =2.= _Minn. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 411. 1899. =3.= _S. Dak. Sta. Bul._ =93=:20. 1905. From Allamakee County, Iowa. Fruit medium, oval; red over yellow; skin astringent; early.

=Iowa Beauty.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1898. =2.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 111. 1899. =3.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:276. 1900.

Taken from the woods about 1860 by Hugo Beyer, New London, Iowa. Fruit of medium size, oval, mottled yellow; flesh melting, juicy, sweet; good; early.

=Irby.= Hortulana. =1.= _Vt. Sta. An. Rpt._ =11=:284. 1898. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 181. 1901. =3.= Tex. Nur. _Cat._ 1907.

_Erby September_ 1, 2. Irby September 3.

Found by Dan Irby of Texas growing on the grounds of an old Indian settlement. Fruit of medium size, bright red; late; similar to Wayland.

=Ireland.= Domestica. =1.= _Can. Hort._ =21=:391. 1898. Ireland’s Seedling 1.

Fruit of medium size, dark blue; stem slender; cavity deep; suture distinct; flesh green, tender, juicy; good; early.

=Ireland Golden.= Domestica. =1.= _Ont. Fr. Exp. Sta. Rpt._ =3=:120. 1896.

Ireland’s Golden Gage 1.

Tree vigorous, hardy, productive; good; early.

=Irene.= Hortulana mineri. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:79. 1892. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 154. 1901.

Originated by D. B. Wier, Illinois. Fruit of medium size, oval; bright red; skin thick; flesh yellow, firm; clingstone; late.

=Iris.= Hortulana mineri. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:56. 1892. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 173. 1901.

Originated and introduced by D. B. Wier of Illinois. Fruit medium in size, oval; cavity shallow; suture a line; red; bloom thin; flesh yellow; poor; clingstone; late.

=Ironclad.= Americana. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:38. 1892. =2.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:275. 1900. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 154. 1901.

Illinois Ironclad 1, 2. _Illinois Ironclad_ 3.

A wild variety from Illinois introduced by Stark Brothers in 1890. Tree dwarf; fruit of medium size, roundish-oval; stem slender; cavity of medium depth, flaring; suture shallow; dots many, small, yellow; dark red; bloom thick; skin thick; flesh yellow, firm, meaty, sweet; quality fair; stone oval, smooth, flattened, clinging; mid-season.

=Iroquois.= Hortulana mineri? =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ =43=:39. 1903.

From Charles Luedloff, Cologne, Minnesota. Fruit of medium size, roundish-heart-shaped; cavity narrow; suture a line; dark red; dots numerous, small, yellow; bloom thin; skin thick, tough; flesh yellow, juicy, sweet; quality fair; stone oval, slightly flattened, clinging.

=Isaac.= Americana. =1.= Kerr Cat. 1897. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 154. 1901.

Brought to notice by M. S. Hubbell from a wild tree near Lincoln, Nebraska. Fruit small, roundish, red over a green ground; clingstone.

=Isabella.= Domestica. =1.= _Pom. Mag._ =3=:150. 1830. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 305. 1845. =3.= _Ann. Pom. Belge_ =6=:93, Pl. 1858. =4.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 366. 1866. =5.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 436. 1889.

Die Isabelle 5. _Prune Isabelle_ 3.

An English variety popular sixty-five years ago; said to produce three crops a year. Tree vigorous; fruit large, oval; suture distinct; deep, dull red, paler in the shade; dots many, dark colored; flesh yellow, rich, juicy, brisk; good; clingstone; mid-season.

=Isabella.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat_. 1900. =2.= Terry _Cat_. 1900

Originated with H. A. Terry, Iowa, in 1893. Tree low, spreading, productive; fruit of medium size, roundish; dark red on a yellow ground; good; clingstone; mid-season.

=Isle-Verte.= Domestica. =1.= Quintinye _Com. Gard._ 68, 70. 1699. =2.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:107. 1768. =3.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:94. 1832. =4.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =2=:39. 1873.

_Grosse Grüne Pflaume_ 4. _Grüne Inselpflaume_ 4. _Ilevert_ 2, 4. _Ile Vert_ 3. _Ile verte_ 3. _Ille verte_ 3. Illvert 1. _Inselpflaume Grüne_ 4. _Isle Vert_ 3. Isle Verte 2. _Prune de Savoye_ 3. _Prune Ileverte_ 4. _Savoy_ 3.

Tree very prolific; fruit of medium size, oval; suture a line; stem of medium length; skin yellowish-green, reddish on the sunny side; flesh clear yellow, juicy, sweet; clingstone; used for preserves and pickles.

=Italian Damask.= Domestica. =1.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb._ Fr. =2=:75. 1768. =2.= _Kraft Pom. Aust._ =2=:42, Tab. 195 fig. 1. 1796. =3.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:83. 1832. =4.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 302. 1845. =5.= Poiteau _Pom. Franc._ 1846. =6.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 366. 1866. =7.= _Guide Prat._ 157, 353. 1895.

Damas d’Italie 1, 7. _Damas d’Italie_ 2, 3, 4, 6. Die wälsche Damascenerpflaume 2. Prune Damas d’Italie 5. _Prunus italica_ 5.

Supposed to have originated in Italy. Tree productive, doing especially well in the South; fruit of medium size, roundish; cavity small; suture distinct; dark purple; bloom heavy; dots small, light; flesh yellowish-green, juicy, firm, sweet; good; stone thick, free; mid-season.

=Italienische Damascene= (Diel’s). Species? Listed in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 436. 1889.

_Damas d’Italie._

=Italienische Damascene= (Liegel’s). Species? Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 436. 1889.

_Damas d’Italie._

=Itasca.= Nigra. =1.= _Mich. Sta. An. Rpt._ 111. 1887. =2.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:39. 1892. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 171. 1901.

Itaska 1, 2.

An inferior variety from Minnesota; introduced by P. M. Gideon, Excelsior, Minnesota, and W. F. Heikes, Huntsville, Alabama. Tree dense and stocky; fruit of medium size, oblong, dull purple-red; skin thick; flesh firm; quality fair; clingstone; mid-season.

=Ithaca.= Species? =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:79. 1892.

Supposed to have originated with Peter M. Gideon, Minnesota.

=Ivason.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat_. 1897.

From Iowa. Tree vigorous; fruit large, roundish, purplish-red; semi-clinging; mid-season.

=Ives.= Domestica. =1.= _Mag. Hort._ =15=:118. 1849. =2.= Cole _Am. Fr. Book_ 211. 1849. =3.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Cat._ 214. 1856. =4.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 924. 1869.

_Ive’s Seedling_ 1, 4. _Ive’s Washington_ 4. Ives’ Washington Seedling 3. Washington Seedling 2.

A seedling of Washington raised by J. M. Ives of Salem, Massachusetts; named by C. M. Hovey; first fruited in 1845. Tree very vigorous; fruit large, roundish-oblong; distinct suture; skin yellow, mottled and dotted with red; bloom thin; stem short and slender; flesh amber, melting, rich; excellent; stone medium, ovate, free.

=Ives.= Insititia. =1.= _Am. Gard._ =14=:148. 1893.

Ives Damson 1.

Grown locally in southern Connecticut. Tree productive; fruit purple, sour; clingstone; unusually late.

=J. H. Rue.= Species? =1.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:43. 1897.

First noted by J. L. Budd of Iowa. Tree productive; fruit the size of Stoddard; flesh firm.

=J. Parks.= Species? =1.= _Ill. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 420. 1905.

Fruit small, light red; flesh meaty, firm; good; freestone; not troubled with rot.

=Jacinthe.= Domestica. =1.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:100, Pl. XVI. 1768. =2.= Kraft _Pom. Aust._ =2=:28, Tab. 173 fig. 2. 1796. =3.= Coxe _Cult. Fr. Trees_ 238. 1817. =4.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:94. 1832. =5.= Mas _Le Verger_ =6=:123. 1866-73.

Die Hyacinthenpflaume 2. _Hyacinth_ 4. _Hyacinthe Pflaume_ 5. Jacinthe 2. _Prune Jacinthe_ 5.

An old variety imported from England by William Coxe. Fruit large, elongated; suture indistinct; clear purple; flesh yellow, firm, juicy; good; stone oval, semi-clinging; mid-season.

=Jacob.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 925. 1869.

Described only by Downing. Fruit of medium size, oval, necked, sides unequal; suture large; violet; flesh greenish, juicy, sweet; good; freestone; mid-season.

=Jap No. 4.= Americana × Triflora. =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:276. 1900. =2.= _Ibid._ =114=:138. 1910.

Japan Hybrid No. 4 2.

A seedling from De Soto pollinated with some Japanese variety; sent out by the Iowa Experiment Station about 1895. Fruit of medium size, long-oval; suture distinct; mottled red over a yellow ground; dots none; skin thin, tender; flesh yellow, sweet; good; freestone.

=Japan No. 1.= Americana × Triflora. =1.= Kerr _Cat_. 1899.

A hybrid grown by H. A. Terry, Crescent, Iowa.

=Japan No. 3.= Americana × Triflora. =1.= Kerr _Cat_. 1899.

Another of Mr. Terry’s hybrids.

=Japan Hybrid No. 2.= (a). Americana × Triflora. =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =114=:137. 1910.

One of a number of hybrids produced by the late J. L. Budd of the Iowa Experiment Station. This one is of the Americana type; fruit medium in size, oval, dark red over yellow; flesh yellow, tender, sweet; good; freestone; mid-season.

=Japan Hybrid No. 2= (b). Americana × Triflora. =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =114=:138. 1910.

From the same lot of hybrids as Japan Hybrid No. 2 (a). Fruit resembles _Prunus americana_; large, oval, red over yellow; skin thick, tough, bitter; flesh juicy, coarse, pulpy, sweet; fair in quality; mid-season.

=Japanese Plum Seedling.= Triflora. =1.= _Am. Gard._ =14=:515. 1893.

A seedling from Luther Burbank produced by pollinating Kelsey with Satsuma. Outwardly resembles Kelsey; flesh red, pleasant, juicy, meaty; vinous; stone small, clinging.

=Jaspisartige Pflaume.= Species? Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 436. 1889.

_Lieflandische Grüne Zwetsche._ _Weisse Violen Pflaume_.

=Jaune d’Este.= Domestica. =1.= _Flor. & Pom._ 186. 1872.

Jean d’Este 1.

An old variety deserving of notice because of its earliness.

=Jaune Tardive.= Domestica. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2d. Ser =3=:53. 1900. =2.= Baltet _Cult. Fr._ 491. 1908.

Tree vigorous; fruit of medium size, oval, amber-yellow; flesh sweet; good.

=Jaune Tres Hâtive Baboud.= Domestica. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2d Ser. =3=:52. 1900.

Tree vigorous, productive; fruit below medium, oval; suture shallow; cavity small; clear yellow; flesh yellow, tender, juicy, sweet, pleasant; good; freestone; very early.

=Jean Morceau.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 149. 1831.

A variety grown at one time in the London Horticultural Society gardens.

=Jennie Lucas.= Angustifolia varians. =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 160, 162. 1881. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 196. 1901. =3.= _Ohio Sta. Bul._ =162=:256, 257. 1905.

Jennie Lucas is a seedling grown by G. Onderdonk, Mission Valley Nurseries, Victoria County, Texas; introduced by the originator in 1875. Fruit of medium size, roundish; cavity shallow; suture a line; dots numerous, large, white; light yellow; skin thin; flesh yellow, soft, sweetish; quality fair; stone large, round, flattened, clinging; mid-season.

=Jerusalem.= Domestica. =1.= Prince _Treat. Hort._ 27. 1828. =2.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:95. 1832. =3.= Poiteau _Pom. Franc._ =1.= 1846. =4.= Noisette _Man. Comp. Jard._ =2=:497. 1860. =5.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 926. 1869. =6.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 433. 1889. =7.= Lucas _Vollst. Hand. Obst._ 471. 1894. =8.= _Guide Prat._ 163, 367. 1895.

_Blaue Eierpflaume_ 6, 8. _De Bordeaux_ 1, 2, 5. _De Jerusalem_ 4. _Jerusalem_ 6. _Oeil de Boeuf_ 1, 2, 4, 5. _Oeuil-de-Boeuf_ 6. _Prune de Bordeaux_ 6. _Prune de Jerusalem_ 3. _Prune Violet de Jerusalem_ 5. _Prunier de Jerusalem_ 2, 5, 6. _Violette de Jerusalem_ 6. _Violette Jerusalem_ 5. Violette Jerusalems pflaume 6. _Violette Jerusalemspflaume_ 7. _Wahre blaue Eierpflaume_ 6, 8.

The tree and fruit of this variety resemble the German Prune of which it is probably an offspring. Fruit large, oval; suture a line; dark purple; flesh yellowish, prune-like, firm, sweet; good; stone long, flat, free; mid-season.

=Jessie.= Americana. =1.= _U. S. D. A. Rpt._ 263. 1892. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 154. 1901.

A seedling introduced from the wild by the Martin Nursery Company, Winfield, Kansas, about 1892. Tree productive, vigorous, suckers badly; fruit of medium size, oval; cavity shallow; suture a line; wine-red; flesh yellow, melting, fibrous, slightly subacid; good; clingstone; early.

=Jewell.= Munsoniana. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:79. 1892. =2.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =87=:14. 1901. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 186. 1901.

A seedling of Wild Goose from H. A. Terry, Crescent, Iowa; first fruited in 1885. Fruit of medium size, round; cavity shallow; suture indistinct; red over a yellow ground; bloom light; dots numerous; skin thin, not adherent to the pulp; flesh yellow, tender; quality fair; clingstone; mid-season.