Chapter IV: The Minor Varieties of Plums (6)

=Mayer Königspflaume.= Species? Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 440. 1889.

_Royale?_ _Die Königin?_ _Royale de Mayer._

=Mayers Rothe Damascene.= Domestica. =1.= Mas Pom. Gen. =2=:87. 1873. =2.= _Guide Prat._ 163, 359. 1895.

Damas Rouge de Mayer 1. _Damas Rouge de Mayer_ 2. Damas Rouge de Moyer 1. _Mayers Braunrothe Königspflaume_ 2. _Mayers Rothe Damascene_ 1.

A seedling of Red Magnum Bonum raised by Liegel and dedicated to his colleague, A. J. Mayer. Tree of normal vigor; fruit large, thick-ellipsoid, slightly truncated; suture wide, shallow; stem medium in length and size; cavity shallow; skin tender, not adherent; purple; flesh yellowish, fine, melting, juicy, sweet and aromatic; clingstone; mid-season.

=McCartney.= Angustifolia varians. =1.= Munson _Cat._ 1898. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 197. 1901.

Brought to notice by F. T. Ramsey, Austin, Texas; fruit of medium size, roundish; suture visible; dots whitish; golden-yellow; flesh sweet, melting; very good; clingstone.

=McGillivray.= Species? =1.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 424. 1897.

Tree vigorous, unproductive; fruit small, oval, light red; flesh yellow, juicy, slightly astringent; clingstone; early.

=McPherson.= Species? =1.= _Tex. Sta. Bul._ =32=:479. 1899.

Tree low, bushy, thorny, hardy; fruit small, round, golden-yellow; flesh yellow; quality fair; clingstone.

=McRea.= Triflora. =1.= _Glen St. Mary Cat._ 21. 1911.

McRea was grown near Lake City, Columbia County, Florida, from seed of Kelsey; introduced in the fall of 1910 by the Glen Saint Mary Nursery Company. Fruit of medium size, roundish; yellow, washed with dull red in the sun; dots numerous; bloom thin; flesh yellow, firm, juicy, subacid; good; mid-season.

=Meads.= Triflora. =1.= _Rural N. Y._ =64=:711. 1905.

Meads Seedling Plum 1.

A seedling grown by H. O. Mead, Lunenburg, Massachusetts. Fruit large, light reddish-purple; flesh yellow, firm, juicy; good; stone semi-clinging; mid-season.

=Mediterranean.= Domestica. =1.= _Horticulturist_ =6=:133. 1851. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 931. 1869.

Originated in central New York. Tree vigorous, hardy, productive; fruit medium in size, ovate, necked; cavity small; light crimson; flesh yellow, sweet, sprightly; good; freestone; mid-season.

=Meigs.= Domestica. =1.= Thomas _Am. Fruit Cult._ 342. 1867.

Fruit large, roundish-oval; suture indistinct; dull reddish-purple, with numerous gray dots; stalk long, slender, curved; cavity small; flesh greenish-yellow, rich, excellent; clingstone; late.

=Melnicker Zwetsche.= Species? Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 440. 1889.

=Melon.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1898. =2.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:280. 1900. =3.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =87=:14. 1901.

From Iowa. Fruit medium in size, roundish; cavity lacking; suture slight; yellowish-red; bloom thin; flesh fibrous; quality fair; freestone; mid-season.

=Meneray.= Species? =1.= Meneray _Cat._

A seedling of unknown parentage from H. A. Terry, Crescent, Iowa; introduced by F. W. Meneray of Council Bluffs, Iowa. Fruit and foliage indicate a fusion of Americana and Triflora blood. Fruit large, oblong, pear-shaped, yellow tinged with red; good.

=Mereton.= Species? =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2d Ser. =3=:54. 1900. =2.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 432. 1905.

Mereton’s Egg. 1. Merton’s Egg 2.

Fruit small, oval; cavity small; yellow; flesh yellowish; poor; of no value.

=Meroldt.= Domestica. =1.= Oberdieck _Deut. Obst. Sort._ 436. 1881. =2.= Lauche _Deut. Pom._ Pl. IV, 13. 1882. =3.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 712. 1884. =4.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 440. 1889.

_Meroldt’s Gelbe Reine-Claude_ 4. Meroldt’s Golden Gage 3. _Meroldt’s Golden Gage_ 4. Meroldt’s Reineclaude 1, 2, 4. _Reine-Claude de Meroldt_ 4.

This variety was grown by Dr. Meroldt, Lischnitz, Bohemia, probably from the seed of the Apricot plum. Tree grows quickly, medium in size; fruit medium, roundish; suture shallow; skin adherent; yellow, sometimes with reddish spots; cavity shallow; stem extremely short, finely hairy; flesh yellow, firm, juicy, sweet, with Reine Claude flavor; freestone; mid-season.

=Merryweather.= Insititia. =1.= _Garden_ =74=:527, Col. Pl. 1910.

This plum originated with H. Merryweather and Sons of Southwell, Notts, England, and received an award of merit in 1907 from the Royal Horticultural Society. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit large, juicy, purple; Damson-like flavor; good; excellent for preserving.

=Merunka.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 152. 1831. =2.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 61. 1887. =3.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 86. 1890. =4.= _U. S. D. A. Pom. Rpt._ 46. 1895. =5.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:279, 280. 1900.

Leipsic 2, 5. Leipzig 3. Leipzig Early Quetsche 1. Marunka 4. Quetsche de Leipzig 2. _113 Riga_ 3. _Zwetsche Leipziger_ 2.

In 1884 J. L. Budd of the Iowa Experiment Station introduced several plums from Russia. Among these the Merunka and Leipsic proved to be identical. The name Merunka is retained because Leipsic has been used as a synonym of German Prune. Fruit of Lombard type, medium in size, oval; cavity deep, narrow; suture faint; apex depressed; purplish-red; bloom thin; skin thin; flesh yellow, tender, sweet; good; clingstone; mid-season.

=Merville d’Automne.= Domestica? =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 440. 1889. =2.= _Guide Prat._ 162, 359. 1895.

A large yellow variety of good quality ripening about mid-season.

=Meyer.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894-1900.

Tree vigorous and productive; fruit large, round; cavity small; purplish-red over yellow; clingstone; mid-season.

=Miama.= Domestica. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894. =2.= _Ohio Sta. Bul._ =162=:256, 257. 1905.

Miami 1.

Miama as tested at the Ohio Experiment Station proved to be identical with Lombard. J. W. Kerr of Denton, Maryland, who introduced the variety in 1894 writes: “When I first received cions from the West, I thought it was a native; but finding it to be a Domestica, dropped it at once.”

=Mignonne.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 149. 1831.

Reported by the London Horticultural Society as growing on their grounds.

=Miles.= Species? =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:79. 1892. =2.= _Ill. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 135. 1903. =3.= _Ibid._ 424. 1905.

Said to have originated in Illinois from seed secured in North Carolina. Tree productive; fruit small, light red; quality fair; clingstone.

=Miller.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894.

Tree vigorous and productive; fruit large, round, red on an orange ground; clingstone; mid-season.

=Miller.= Domestica. =1.= _Ohio Sta. Bul._ =162=:241, 256, 257. 1905.

Fruit very large, roundish, sides unequal; cavity narrow, deep; stem short, stout; suture distinct; dark purple on a dark green ground; dots numerous, bronze; bloom heavy; flesh greenish-yellow, rich, sweet; good; clingstone; mid-season.

=Miller.= Species? =1.= _Glen St. Mary Nur. Cat._ 1907.

Introduced by the Glen St. Mary Nursery Company of Florida in 1907. Fruit of medium size, greenish-yellow; very good.

=Miller No. 1.= Domestica.

Miller No. 1 is an unintroduced seedling of German Prune supposedly crossed with Jefferson; grown by D. J. Miller of Millersburg, Ohio. Fruit of medium size, long-oval tapering to both ends; suture a line; cavity shallow; deep yellow; bloom thin; dots conspicuous; flesh yellow, tender, sweet, good; stone large, long-oval, semi-clinging, pointed; mid-season; resembles the German Prune in shape and size.

=Miller No 5.= Munsoniana. Letter from Kerr.

Grown by David Miller, Camp Hill, Pennsylvania. Tree productive; fruit of medium size, red; clingstone.

=Millett.= Americana. =1.= _S. Dak. Sta. Bul._ =93=:25. 1905.

_Millett’s Wild Plum_ 1.

From South Dakota. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit small.

=Millett Early Red.= Americana. =1.= _S. Dak. Sta. Bul._ =93=:25. 1905.

Millett’s Early Red 1.

A variety found growing wild near Pierre, South Dakota. Trees low and bushy, hardy, unproductive; fruit small, red on a yellow ground; skin thick; flesh firm, sweet; quality fair; stone large; early.

=Millett T. T.= Americana. =1.= _S. Dak. Sta. Bul._ =93=:25. 1905.

From South Dakota; fruit very small.

=Millett Very Early Red.= Americana. =1.= _S. Dak. Sta. Bul._ =93=:25. 1905.

Millett’s Very Early Red 1.

Not as early as Millett Early Red.

=Mills.= Domestica. =1.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 116. 1901.

Fruit medium in size, oval; cavity shallow; suture faint; purplish-red; dots prominent, white; flesh greenish; quality fair; freestone; late.

=Mills Seedling.= Nigra? =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ =43=:39. 1903.

Fruit roundish heart-shaped, below medium in size; cavity narrow, moderately deep; suture a line; deep red; dots obscure; bloom light; skin moderately thick, tender; flesh deep yellow, juicy, slightly sweet, astringent; poor; stone of medium size, oval, flattened, nearly free.

=Milton Gage.= Domestica. =1.= _Mag. Hort._ =6=:94. 1840.

Reported by C. M. Hovey as fruiting in the nursery of Charles Downing, Newburgh, New York, seventy years ago.

=Minco.= Hortulana mineri × Hortulana. =1.= _Vt. Sta. An. Rpt._ =14=:272. 1901. =2.= Munson _Cat._ 1902.

A cross between Miner and Wayland from T. V. Munson in 1896. Tree vigorous and productive; fruit of medium size, roundish-oval; cavity lacking; suture a line; bright, dark red faintly striped; dots many, distinct; bloom light; flesh yellow, firm, rich, sweet, meaty; very good; freestone; late.

=Minion.= Domestica. =1.= Quintinye _Com. Gard._ 69. 1699.

Mentioned by Quintinye as a “yellowish-white” plum.

=Minnesota.= Domestica. =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =31=:348. 1895. =2.= Budd-Hansen _Am. Hort. Man._ =2=:319. 1903.

A European variety introduced into Minnesota from Denmark. Tree vigorous, very hardy; fruit large, ovate; suture distinct; cavity deep, narrow; dark blue; flesh yellow, juicy, subacid; very good; stone small, free.

=Minnesota Seedling.= Americana. Letter from J. W. Kerr.

An inferior variety from a Mr. Macomber of Vermont.

=Minnetonka.= Americana. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:40. 1892. =2.= Kerr _Cat._ 1897. =3.= _Colo. Sta. Bul._ =50=:41. 1898.

Introduced by Peter Gideon of Minnesota. Tree small, slow-growing, bushy top; fruit small, oval, red on a yellow ground; skin thick; flesh firm, acid; clingstone; mid-season.

=Minnie.= Domestica. =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:280. 1900.

From H. Knudson, Springfield, Minnesota, who raised it from the seed of a large blue Domestica plum. Tree vigorous, upright; fruit medium in size, necked, greenish-yellow; good; late.

=Minnie.= Triflora × Munsoniana. =1.= _Vt. Sta. Bul._ =67=:17. 1898. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 219. 1901.

Originated in North Carolina with J. S. Breece, who considers it an offspring of Abundance pollinated with Wild Goose. The foliage resembles that of Abundance.

=Mirabelle De Bohn.= Insititia. =1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =2=:177. 1873. =2.= Lucas _Vollst. Hand. Obst._ 472. 1894. =3.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 423. 1889.

_Bohns Gestreifte Mirabelle_ 1, 3. Bohns Mirabelle 2, 3. _Bohns Mirabelle_ 1. _Mirabelle de Bohn_ 3. _Mirabelle Rayee_ 3.

Liegel received this variety from Henry de Bohn of Upper Austria. Tree of medium vigor, productive; fruit small, roundish; suture a line; skin tender, yellow, marbled with red; stem slender; flesh yellow, tender, melting, juicy, sweet, aromatic; freestone; mid-season.

=Mirabelle de Flotow.= Insititia. =1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =2=:105, fig. 1873. =2.= _Rev. Hort._ 476. 1901.

_Flotows Allerfrüheste Mirabelle_ 1. _Mirabelle La Plus Hâtive de Flotow_ 1. _Von Flótows Mirabelle_ 1.

According to Mas, “this variety was obtained from a seed of Perdrigon Violet by Liegel and dedicated by him to M. de Flotow, of Dresden, one of the first collaborators of _The Illustrirtes Handbuch_.” Tree vigorous, very productive; fruit small, spherical, yellow, dotted with red on the sunny side; stem medium in length and size; cavity shallow; flesh yellow, tender, soft, sweet, of Apricot flavor, very pleasant; early.

=Mirabelle de Ronvaux.= Insititia. =1.= _Guide Prat._ 163, 359. 1895.

“A variety of little merit.”

=Mirabelle Double de Herrenhausen.= Insititia. =1.= Oberdieck _Deut. Obst. Sort._ 426. 1881. =2.= _Guide Prat._ 155, 360. 1895. =3.= _Rev. Hort._ 476. 1901.

Herrnhauser Doppelte Mirabelle 1. _Herrnhauser doppelte Mirabelle_ 2.

Tree vigorous, very productive; fruit small to medium, yellow mottled with red; flesh yellow, sweet; good; late, following Drap d’Or.

=Mirabelle Précoce de Flaford.= Insititia. =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 440. 1889. =2.= _Guide Prat._ 163, 360. 1895.

Reported as being similar to Early Mirabelle.

=Mirabelle Verte.= Insititia. =1.= Mas _Le Verger_ =6=:91. 1866-73. =2.= _Guide Prat._ 162, 360. 1895.

_Grüne Mirabelle_ 1, 2.

From a Herr Commans of Cologne, Prussia. Tree moderately vigorous; fruit small, roundish-oblate; suture deep; cavity deep, wide; skin tender, free; green marbled with yellow; stem short; flesh green, fine, soft, sweet, aromatic; freestone. Resembles Reine Claude and may contain Domestica blood.

=Mission Prune.= Domestica. =1.= Bailey _Cyc. Hort._ =3=:1376. 1901.

A large number of plums were planted over a century ago around the old Mission at Santa Clara, California; after the abandonment of the Mission this variety was found propagating itself by suckers and was cultivated as late as 1870.

=Mississippi.= Munsoniana. =1.= _Ga. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 50. 1885. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 187, 188 fig. 1901.

_Mississippi Red_ 2.

Introduced by J. M. Shell of Georgetown, Texas, about 1875. Fruit large, oval; cavity very shallow; suture lacking; clear red; dots many, yellow; skin thin, tough; flesh soft, yellow; good; clingstone; mid-season.

=Missouri.= Munsoniana? =1.= _Ga. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 39, 41, 99. 1889. =2.= _Ala. Col. Sta. Bul._ =11=:12. 1890.

An unimportant variety occasionally found in Alabama and Georgia. Fruit of medium size, oblong, red; flesh firm; good; clingstone; late.

=Missouri Green Gage.= Domestica. =1.= Bailey _Ann. Hort._ 196. 1891. =2.= _Ohio Sta. Bul._ =113=:160. 1899. =3.= _Ibid._ =162=:239, 256. 1905.

Introduced in 1891 by Stark Brothers, Louisiana, Missouri. As tested by the Ohio and New York Experiment Stations it appears to be either identical with or a strain of the Imperial Gage.

=Mistake.= Domestica. =1.= _Mich. Sta. Bul._ =152=:210. 1898. =2.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 548. 1901.

Fruit above medium size, oblong-oval; suture distinct; sides unequal; purple; flesh yellow, coarse, juicy, sweet, pleasant; mid-season.

=Mitchelson.= Insititia. =1.= _Gard. Chron._ 892, 894. 1860. =2.= _Flor. & Pom._ 152. 1862. =3.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 932. 1869. =4.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =2=:65. 1873.

De Mitchelson 4. _Mitchelson_ 3. Mitchelson’s 1, 2. _Mitchelson’s_ 4.

Raised by a Mr. Mitchelson, at Kingston on the Thames, England; a seedling of a Damson. Fruit above medium size, oval; suture indistinct; dark purple; dots few, fawn-colored; bloom thin; flesh yellow, tender, very juicy and sweet; freestone; excellent for culinary purposes.

=Mivian.= Domestica. Listed in _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 150. 1831.

=Mollie.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1900. =2.= _Ill. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 422, 424. 1905.

Molly 2.

Originated with Theodore Williams of Benson, Nebraska. Fruit small, round, red, watery; clingstone; mid-season.

=Monon.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 11. 1897.

Tree very productive; fruit small, greenish with dull red blotches; poor; clingstone; subject to rot.

=Monona.= Species? =1.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:24, 48. 1897.

From Christian Steinman, Mapleton, Iowa; said to be the size of Miner but two weeks earlier.

=Monolith.= Triflora? × Munsoniana? =1.= _U. S. D. A. Pom. Rpt._ 46. 1895. =2.= _Vt. Sta. Bul._ =67=:17. 1898.

Originated by J. S. Breece of North Carolina; thought to be a cross between Abundance and Wild Goose although it does not show Triflora characters. Fruit of medium size, roundish; cavity medium; suture shallow; coppery-red, striped with darker red; skin thin, bitter; flesh yellowish, translucent, meaty, tender, juicy, fibrous, mild, subacid, rich; good; stone semi-clinging.

=Monsieur á Fruit Vert.= Species? =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 441. 1889.

Mathieu found it referred to in _Journal de la Societie Nationale et Centrale d’Horticulture de France_ 281. 1883.

=Mont Barbat d’Ente.= Domestica. =1.= Wickson _Cal. Fruits_ 356. 1891.

An improved type of Agen coming from the Mont Barbat orchard in the Lot Valley, France.

=Montgomery.= Domestica. =1.= _Horticulturist_ =6=:187, 294, 524. 1851.

_Montgomery Prune_ 1.

Found by E. W. Carpenter of Lancaster, Pennsylvania, growing on the premises of a Mr. Montgomery about 1830. Tree very productive; fruit large, oval, purple; quality very good.

=Montmorency.= Domestica. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ =43=:35. 1903. =2.= _Quebec Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 9, 66, 68. 1905.

Reine-Claude de Montmorency 2. _Reine-Claude de Montmorency_ 1.

Montmorency is thought to be a seedling of the Reine Claude, imported into Canada in 1790 by Lord Dorchester; extensively cultivated in the eastern part of Quebec but unknown in the United States. Tree very hardy, productive; fruit medium in size, roundish; cavity narrow, shallow; stem medium in length; suture indistinct; skin tough, greenish-yellow, blushed with red; flesh yellow, very juicy, moderately firm, sweet, rich; very good; stone small, oval, nearly free.

=Montreal.= Species? =1.= _Ont. Fr. Exp. Sta. Rpt._ 64. 1897.

Mentioned by Harold Jones of Martland, Ontario, in the report of the Fruit Experimental Station for 1897.

=Moody.= Domestica. =1.= _Mich. Sta. Sp. Bul._ =27=:15. 1904.

Tree productive; fruit large, reddish-purple, good; mid-season.

=Moon.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894. =2.= _Colo. Sta. Bul._ =50=:42. 1898.

Fruit of medium size, round; no suture; deep red over a yellow ground; skin thin; flesh moderately firm, subacid; clingstone; mid-season.

=Moore Early.= Insititia. =1.= _Ont. Fr. Exp. Sta. Rpt._ =5=:116. 1898.

Moore’s Early 1.

An extremely hardy variety of the Damson type. Tree spreading; fruit of medium size; grows in clusters; dark purple; good; nearly freestone; desirable for jellies and preserves.

=Moreman.= Hortulana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 13. 1899-1900.

Moreman Cherry 1.

Originated by Theodore Williams, Benson, Nebraska. Tree vigorous; fruit large, bright red; clingstone.

=Morines.= Domestica. =1.= Quintinye _Com. Gard._ 70. 1699.

A red plum noted only by Quintinye.

=Morin Hâtif.= Cerasifera? =1.= Knoop _Fructologie_ =2=:59. 1771.

Fruit of medium size, round, red; resembles the Myrobalan plum except that its leaves are larger and its season a little later.

=Mountain.= Domestica. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ =43=:35. 1903.

A promising variety from W. W. Dunlop, Outremont, Quebec. Fruit of medium size, roundish; cavity medium; suture distinct; greenish-yellow more or less overspread with dull coppery-red; dots yellow, distinct; bloom thin; flesh yellowish-green, sweet, rich; very good; clingstone; mid-season.

=Mountain Plum.= Munsoniana? =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 86. 1871. =2.= _Gard. Mon._ =20=:177. 1878.

A late variety of the “Chicasaw” group.

=Mount Royal.= Domestica. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ =43=:35. 1903.

_Dunlop 54_ 1.

A seedling from W. W. Dunlop, Outremont, Quebec. Fruit of medium size, roundish; cavity medium deep; suture distinct; dark purple; dots numerous, distinct; flesh greenish-yellow, juicy, firm, sweet; good; clingstone; mid-season.

=Moyen.= Domestica. =1.= Quintinye _Com. Gard._ 68. 1699.

_Pitch Plum_ 1.

Mentioned by Quintinye as “a dry plum having a sharp and sourish taste.”

=Moyen de Bourgoyne.= Domestica. =1.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:95. 1832.

_Moyen de Bourgogne_ 1.

Probably not the same as the Moyen of Quintinye. According to Prince it is a large, oval, yellow plum, of indifferent quality; late. This name applied to a purple variety is a synonym of Early Perdrigon.

=Moyer.= Domestica. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2d Ser. =3=:54. 1900.

Tree vigorous, unproductive. Fruit of medium size, roundish; stem short; cavity small, shallow; suture shallow; dark reddish-purple; flesh greenish-yellow, firm, juicy, sweet, pleasant; clingstone.

=Moyret.= Domestica. =1.= Mas _Le Verger_ =6=:31 fig. 16. 1866-73. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 933. 1869. =3.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 441. 1889.

Moyret’s Gage 2. _Moyrets Gage_ 3. Moyret’s Reine Claude 3. Reine-Claude Moyret 1. _Reine-Claude Moyret_ 2, 3.

A chance seedling of the Reine Claude obtained on M. Moyret’s place at Neuville-sur-Ain, France. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit medium, roundish, reddish to violet-purple; suture wide, shallow; cavity wide, deep; stem rather short; flesh green, fine, a little firm, juicy, sweet, aromatic; of high quality; freestone; mid-season.

=Mudson.= Angustifolia varians? =1.= _Ga. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 13. 1905.

A productive variety recommended for family use by the Georgia Horticultural Society; fruit yellowish-red, juicy; clingstone; very early.

=Mulberry.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 282. 1845. =2.= _Mag. Hort._ =13=:530. 1847. =3.= Thomas _Am. Fruit Cult._ 332. 1849.

Originated in the garden of Isaac Denniston, Albany, New York. Tree moderately vigorous; fruit large, oval, strongly necked, pale with a few crimson spots; dots white; bloom thin; flesh greenish-yellow, coarse, melting, juicy, rich, sugary; good; clingstone; mid-season.

=Muldraugh.= Americana. =1.= _Am. Jour. Hort._ =5=:146. 1869.

Muldraugh’s-hill Plum 1.

Found growing wild on Muldraugh’s Hill, Harden County, Kentucky. Tree vigorous, large, unproductive; the clusters of flowers which appear before the leaves are mostly staminate; fruit large, light red.

=Mule.= Munsoniana × _Prunus persica_. =1.= Kerr _Cat_. 18. 1899. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 219. 1901.

A hybrid produced by J. W. Kerr from seed of Wild Goose plum pollinated by the Troth Early peach; introduced by the originator in 1896. Tree resembles the plum; foliage very much like that of the peach; worthless, inasmuch as the buds do not open and contain only deformed anthers and no pistil.

=Muncy.= Americana. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:80. 1892. =2.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894. =3.= _Tex. Dept. Agr. Bul._ =12=:103. 1910.

Muncey 3.

Tree vigorous; fruit medium in size; dull red; clingstone; mid-season.

=Munson.= Angustifolia varians. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:80. 1892. =2.= _Tex. Sta. Bul._ =32=:479. 1894. =3.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Cat._ 38. 1899. =4.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 197. 1910.

Originated under cultivation by G. Onderdonk, Victoria, Texas; introduced by the originator in 1888. Tree not hardy as far north as Ames, Iowa; fruit of medium size, oval; cavity shallow; stem slender; suture a line; bright red; bloom thin; dots many; skin thin; flesh yellow, soft; quality fair; stone oval, flattened, clinging; early.

=Murdy.= Domestica. =1.= _Mich. Sta. Bul._ =169=:247. 1899. =2.= _Ohio Sta. Bul._ =162=:256, 257. 1905.

The Murdy as tested by the Ohio Experiment Station is considered identical with the Pond, but as tested at the Michigan Experiment Station, it ripens two weeks later, has a deeper cavity, finer texture and lighter colored spots on its skin.

=Muscat Free.= Domestica. =1.= _Mich. Sta. Bul._ =118=:52. 1895. =2.= _Mich. Sta. Sp. Bul._ =27=:15. 1904.

Evidently a strain of the Italian Prune; imported from Hungary in 1894 by the Department of Agriculture and tested at the Michigan Experiment Station. Tree low, spreading, slow-growing; fruit of medium size, long-oval, flattened on one side; suture broad, distinct; black with thick bloom; flesh greenish-yellow, moderately firm, juicy; very good; freestone; not as sweet as Italian Prune and a week later.

=Muscle.= Domestica. =1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 576, 577 fig. 1629. =2.= Rea _Flora_ 207. 1676. =3.= Ray _Hist. Plant._ 1529. 1688. =4.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:105. 1832. =5.= Watkins _Cat._

Red Mussell 1. Black Muscle 4. Black Mussell 1. _Mussel_ 4. _Mussell_ 5. Mussell Plum 1. Red Muscle 2, 3. White Mussell 1.

Of very early European origin, once considered of value but now only used as a stock; the old writers described both a red and a black form. Fruit small, oval, dark red; flesh not juicy; poor; stone large.

=Musk Damson.= Insititia? =1.= Quintinye _Com. Gard._ 68, 70. 1699. =2.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:74. 1768. =3.= Kraft _Pom. Aust._ =2=:33, Tab. 180 fig. 2. 1796. =4.= Noisette _Man. Comp. Jard._ =2=:495. 1860. =5.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 933. 1869. =6.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 425. 1889.

Christ’s Damascene 6. _Damas Fin_ 6. Damas Musque 2, 3, 4. _Damas Musque_ 5, 6. _Damasquinée_ 6. _De Chypre_ 5. Die musquat Damaskuspflaume 3. _Feine Damascene_ 6. _Musk Damask_ 6. Musk’d Damask 1. _Muskierte Damascene_ 6. _Musque de Malta_ ?5, 6. _Prune de Chypre_ 2, 5, 6. _Prune de Malte_ 2, 6. _Prune de Malthe_ 5. _Schwarze Muskateller Pflaume_ 6. _Späte Schwarze Damascene_ 6. _Suisina Grossella Piccola_ 6.

Noisette suggests Damascus, Syria, as the probable place of origin of Musk Damson. Fruit small, roundish; suture distinct; cavity small; dark purple; bloom thick; flesh yellow, juicy, sweet, musky; good; semi-clinging; mid-season.

=Musk Perdrigon.= Domestica. =1.= Langley _Pomona_ 92, Pl. 23 fig. 3. 1729.

Fruit nearly black, with a bloom; freestone; early.

=Mussey.= Americana. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:40. 1892.

Found wild in Kansas; introduced by Abner Allen. Fruit large, roundish-oblong, yellow, mottled with red; flesh firm, good; semi-clinging; very late.

=Nagate-Maru.= Triflora. =1.= _Va. Sta. Bul._ =129=:114. 1901. =2.= _Ga. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 13. 1904. =3.= _Ga. Sta. Bul._ =68=:13 fig., 31. 1905.

Nagatus maru 2. Nagats-Maru 2.

Resembles Abundance but is three weeks later. Fruit large, oblate-conical, red over yellow; dots numerous; flesh yellow, firm; good.

=Naples.= Domestica. =1.= Wild Bros. _Cat._ 26. 1892. =2.= W. & T. Smith _Nur. Cat._ 24. 1897. =3.= Storrs & Harrison _Cat._ 138. 1893-98.

Beauty of Naples 1, 2, 3.

Naples as catalogued by nurserymen is of the Yellow Egg type although Lyon[228] and Thomas[229] knew a purple variety of this name. Tree vigorous and productive; fruit of medium size, oval; cavity small; skin thin, tender; golden yellow mottled with red in the sun; bloom thin; flesh light yellow, firm, sweet, mild; good; stone oval, rough, clinging; late.

=Native Red.= Species? =1.= _Ont. Fr. Gr. Assoc. Rpt._ 87. 1896.

Received by the Fruit Growers’ Association of Ontario from W. N. Snelling of Ottawa. A very attractive bright red plum of medium size.

=Nebraska.= Hortulana mineri. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 174. 1901. =3.= _Ga. Sta. Bul._ =67=:278. 1904.

Tree spreading, vigorous, short-lived, productive; fruit medium in size, roundish-oval; cavity shallow; red with numerous yellow dots; skin thick, tough; flesh yellow, juicy, melting; fair to good; stone medium in size, oval, clinging; late.

=Nebraska Seedling.= Species? =1.= _Country Gent._ =26=:238. 1865.

Reported in 1865 by R. O. Thompson of Nebraska as a freestone plum of great excellence; trees very productive and free from curculio.

=Nebraska Wonder.= Americana. =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:281. 1900.

Found wild in 1892 by A. Webster, Golden, Burt County, Nebraska; introduced by H. P. Sayles, Ames, Iowa, in 1897. Tree dwarf, spreading, prolific, bears early; fruit large, round, slight yellow tinge, mottled red when over-ripe, without astringency when fully ripe; ships well; early.

=Neils.= Species? =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2d Ser. =3=:54. 1900.

Under test at the Canadian Experimental Farm at Agassiz, British Columbia.

=Nellie.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894. =2.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:49. 1897. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 158. 1901.

Nelly 1, 2.

Fruit large, oblate; suture faint; stem medium; yellow blushed with pink; flesh firm, yellow; good; stone of medium size, round, semi-clinging; medium to late.

=Nellie Blanche.= Americana. =1.= Terry _Cat._ 1900. =2.= _Rural N. Y._ =65=:726 fig., 730. 1906. =3.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =114=:141. 1910.

_Blanche_ 3.

Grown by H. A. Terry, Crescent, Iowa; fruited first in 1897. Tree vigorous, upright, productive, bears early; fruit large, oblong; stem medium, set in a small cavity; skin thick; yellow mottled with red; flesh meaty, very sweet and rich; good; stone large, clinging; mid-season.

=Nelson.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 150. 1831. =2.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 373. 1866. =3.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =2=:55. 1873. =4.= _W. N. Y. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ =21=:20. 1876.

_Knevett’s Late Orleans_ 2, 3. _Monsieur tardif de Knevett_ 3. Nelson’s Victory 1, 2, 4. _Nelson’s Victory_ 3. Victoire de Nelson 3.

An old variety renamed in honor of the famous English admiral. Fruit of medium size, round, deep purple; flesh sweet and pleasant; freestone; mid-season; suitable for culinary purposes.

=Never Fail.= Americana. =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:281. 1900.

Purchased of an Eastern nurseryman for Wolf but proved not true to name; introduced by J. S. Haag, Hosper, Iowa. Tree vigorous, slightly spreading; fruit large, round, red; good; ripe with De Soto.

=New American.= Americana. =1.= _S. Dak. Sta. Bul._ =26=:14. 1891. =2.= _Ibid._ =93=:26. 1905.

Of no value in South Dakota because of its lateness.

=New Goderich.= Domestica. =1.= _Ont. Fr. Exp. Sta. Rpt._ =4=:66, 102, 110. 1897.

Thought to be a seedling of Lombard. Tree vigorous, spreading, hardy, productive; fruit medium to large, round; stem short, inserted in a shallow cavity; suture distinct; brownish-red with heavy bloom; flesh yellow, coarse; quality poor.

=New Green Gage.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 148. 1831.

Mentioned; probably obsolete.

=New Large Bullace.= Insititia? Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 433. 1889.

Grosse Prunelle Nouvelle. _New Large Bullace._

=Newton.= Americana. =1.= Munson _Cat._ 8. 1894. =2.= _Ohio Sta. Bul._ =162=:256, 257. 1905. =3.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 23. 1905.

Received by T. V. Munson from Theodore Young of Wichita Falls, Kansas. Munson says this variety is distinct from Newtown Egg. Tree vigorous, healthy, productive; fruit large, oblong, irregular; stem short and stout, set in a small cavity; suture indistinct; dull red; bloom thin; flesh yellow; good; freestone; late.

=Newtown Egg.= Americana. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:40. 1892. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 153. 1901.

Newton Egg 2.

Originated with Charles Luedloff, Carver, Minnesota. Tree open, straggling, productive; fruit medium to large, oblong-oval, purplish-red over yellow, thickly sprinkled with many yellow dots; flesh yellow, firm; good; stone long, nearly flat, smooth, semi-clinging; mid-season.

=New Wine Sour.= Domestica. Listed in _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 154. 1831.

=Nienburger Egg Plum.= Domestica. =1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =2=:183. 1873. =2.= Koch _Deut. Obst._ 570. 1876. =3.= Oberdieck _Deut. Obst. Sort._ 408. 1881. =4.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 548. 1901.

Niemburg Egg 4. _Nienburger Eierpflaume_ 1. Nienburger Eierpflaume 3. Oeuf de Nienburg 1.

Found in the garden of a priest at Nienburg, Hanover, Germany, by M. Oberdieck. Tree vigorous, an early and abundant bearer; fruit large, obovate; suture broad and deep; dark brownish-red; bloom thin; flesh yellow, firm, sweet; stone small, free; mid-season. Good for dessert and drying.

=Nikitaer Blaue Fruhzwetsche.= Species? Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 441. 1889. _Bal Erik._ _Blauer Spilling._ _Gus Erik._

=Nikitaer Dattelzwetsche.= Domestica. =1.= Oberdieck _Deut. Obst. Sort._ 444. 1881. =2.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 441. 1889.

_Bardak Erik_ 2.

Mentioned as unproductive in dry soil at Jeinsen, Germany.

=Nikitaer Hahnenpflaume.= Species? Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 441. 1889.

_Hahnenhode._ _Nikitaner Hahnenhode._ _Rognon-de-Coq de Nikita._

=Nikko.= Species? =1.= _Vt. Sta. Bul._ =67=:18. 1898.

Originated by Burbank and introduced in 1898; parentage unknown. Said to be “a good, dark red, red-fleshed, conical plum.”

=Nimon.= Hortulana × Munsoniana. =1.= Munson _Cat._ 7. 1896. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 181. 1901. =3.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 167. 1905.

A seedling of Wayland pollinated by Wild Goose; from T. V. Munson, Denison, Texas. Tree moderately hardy, vigorous; fruit medium in size, ovate; cavity shallow; crimson; dots numerous, white; flesh yellow, firm, meaty, sweet; good; stone small, clinging; mid-season.

=Noire Americaine.= Species? Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 441. 1889.

=Noire de Montreuil.= Domestica. =1.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:68. 1768. =2.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:92. 1832. =3.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 714. 1884. =4.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 437. 1889.

_Bieler Pflaume_ 4. _Damas Noir Hâtif_ 4. _Early Large Black_ 1. _Frühe Schwarze Pflaume_ 4. _Frühe Grosse Schwarze Pflaume_ 4. _Grosse Früh Pflaume_ 4. _Grosse noir de Montreuil_ 2. _Grosse noire hâtive_ 2, 3, 4. Grosse Noire hâtive 1. Large Early Montreuil 2. Johannispflaume 4. _Large early black_ 2. _La Madeleine_ 3. _Morocco Pflaume_ (of some) 4. _Montreuil_ 2. _Noire de Montreuil_ 1, 2, 4. _Prune de Saint-Jean_ 4. _Saint-Jean_ 4. _Waran Erik_ 4.

According to Duhamel, this name is used for two varieties. One is of medium size, elongated, purplish-black, strongly resembling Gros Damas de Tours; flesh firm, yellowish with a rather agreeable flavor; nearly freestone; early. The other is large, round, of the same color as the first, but its season is later and its flesh is coarse and insipid. For historical notes see Précoce de Tours.

=Nolan.= Munsoniana. =1.= _Am. Jour. Hort._ =5=:148. 1869.

Probably a seedling of Wild Goose which it resembles very closely.

=Nolton Ungarische.= Species? =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 441. 1889.

Reference found by Mathieu in _Monatsschrift für Pomologie_ 9. 1861.

=Nome.= Americana. =1.= Meneray _Cat._

From H. A. Terry, Crescent, Iowa. Tree vigorous; fruit large, round, red over yellow; good.

=Nona.= Triflora? × Munsoniana. =1.= _Vt. Sta. An. Rpt._ =12=:226. 1899. =2.= _Ibid._ =14=:274, 277. 1901. =3.= _Ohio Sta. Bul._ =162=:252. 1905.

Originated with D. H. Watson, Brenham, Texas; introduced by W. A. Yates, 1897. Tree healthy, upright; foliage healthy, abundant; fruit medium to large, oval; cavity abrupt; stem short; suture obscure; apex slightly pointed; dark red, obscurely striped; dots numerous, small, yellow; bloom light; skin thick, somewhat astringent; flesh yellow mottled with red, fibrous, juicy; good; stone medium, roundish-oval, flattened, clinging; early.

=Norbert.= Domestica. =1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 373. 1866. =2.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =2=:73. 1873. =3.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 441. 1889. =4.= _Guide Prat._ 161, 360. 1895.

_De Prince_ 4. _Lepine_ 3 and 4 incor. _Norbert_ 3. Norbert’s Pflaume 3. _Prune de Lepine_ 1, 3. _Prune de Prince_ 1, 3. _Schwarze Mirabelle_ 3.

Found wild in the woods of Halanzy, Luxembourg, France. Mas distinguishes Prune de Lepine as a separate variety. Fruit very small, round; suture obscure; dark purple; bloom thick; flesh greenish-yellow, firm, sweet; stone small, free. Useful for drying.

=Norby.= Americana. =1.= Budd-Hansen _Am. Hort. Man._ =2=:298. 1903.

Originated with A. Norby, Madison, South Dakota; No. 13 of his seedlings. Fruit large, roundish; sides unequal; dark red; stone round, flat; mid-season.

=Norby No. 1.= Americana. =1.= _S. Dak. Sta. Bul._ =93=:28. 1905.

Originated with A. Norby, Madison, South Dakota. Under test at the South Dakota Experiment Station. The variety bears large, fine fruit of good quality; mid-season.

=Norby No. 11.= Americana. =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:283. 1900. =2.= _S. Dak. Sta. Bul._ =93=:28. 1905.

No. 11 1.

Another of A. Norby’s seedlings; grown from seed of selected varieties in 1895. Reported by the South Dakota Experiment Station to be worthy of propagation. Tree upright, hardy, productive; fruit above medium size, oval to roundish-oblong; rich yellow overspread with red; bloom thin; dots small, white, numerous; flesh yellow, firm; good; stone long, oval, nearly free; early.

=Norman.= Munsoniana? =1.= _Gard. Mon._ =20=:177. 1878.

Mentioned by W. S. Carpenter of Rye, New York, in 1878 as an improved variety of the “Chicasaw” group.

=Normand Perdrigon.= Domestica. =1.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:87. 1768. =2.= Kraft _Pom. Aust._ =2=:30, Tab. 177 fig. 1. 1796. =3.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:65. 1832. =4.= Poiteau _Pom. Franc_. 1. 1846. =5.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 441. 1889.

Der blaue Rebhuhn aus der Normandie 2. Normannischer Perdrigon 5. _Norman Perdrigon_ 5. Norman Perdrigon 3. _Perdrigon de Normandie_ 5. Perdrigon Normand 1. _Perdrigon Normand_ 2, 3, 5. Prune Perdrigon Normand 4, 5. _Prunus neustriensis_ 4. _Schwarzer Perdrigon_ 5.

A very good French variety. Fruit of medium size, roundish; suture shallow; cavity small; reddish-purple; bloom heavy; flesh yellow, melting, sweet; good; clingstone; mid-season.

Normand’s Seedlings. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =175=:151. 1899.

J. L. Normand,[230] Marksville, Louisiana, disseminated twenty hybrid seedlings, numbered from one to twenty, which were selected from over 30,000 seedlings; most of these are crosses between Triflora and selected native sorts.

Normand No. 5. See Alabama.

Normand No. 11. Triflora ×?

Fruit above medium size, oval to oblong-conic; apex pointed; stem medium, set in a small cavity; yellow overspread with bright red; dots numerous, yellow; flesh yellow, firm, juicy, aromatic, sweet, good; stone long and narrow, clinging; late. Drops before ripe.

Normand No. 12. Triflora ×?

Inferior to No. 11 in color, flesh-characters and keeping quality. Drops before ripe and has a tendency to crack.

Normand No. 15. See Louisiana.

Normand No. 16. Triflora ×?

Fruit resembles No. 12; greenish-white with red blush; flesh pale yellow, soft, juicy, bitter; clingstone; drops before fully ripe.

Normand No. 17. Triflora ×?

Fruit the size of Burbank, somewhat similar in shape but less pointed, greenish-yellow thinly covered with dark red, spattered with dots and broken lines of paler color; flesh greenish, tinged with yellow, very juicy, somewhat acid; poor; clingstone; drops before ripe.

Normand No. 18. Triflora ×?

Equal to No. 11 in size but inferior in quality; keeps and ships well.

Normand No. 19. Triflora ×?

Fruit about the size of Wild Goose, but not as regular in form; color and bloom much the same as that variety; flesh of the same color but firmer and of better quality than Wild Goose; stone medium, clinging; late.

Normand No. 20. See Georgia.

=North.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 934. 1869. =2.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =2=:143. 1873.

_North’s Seedling_ 1.

Raised by Professor North, Clinton, New York. Tree vigorous, bears early, productive; fruit large, roundish-oval; suture broad and shallow; reddish-purple; bloom thin; flesh yellow, melting, juicy, sweet; good; clingstone; early.

=North Carolina.= Hortulana mineri. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894. =2.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:50. 1897. =3.= Kerr _Cat._ 1897.

N. C. Seedling 1. _North Carolina Seedling_ 2, 3.

J. W. Kerr says this variety is subject to twig-blight; reported of value in Iowa; fruit large, deep red.

=North Star.= Americana. =1.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:50. 1897. =2.= _Ibid._ =87=:14. 1901.

Originated with Martin Penning, Sleepy Eye, Minnesota, from seed of Surprise; resembles its parent very closely. Tree hardy, dwarfish; fruit large, juicy, sweet; clinging; mid-season.

=Nota Bene.= Domestica. =1.= Kenrick _Am. Orch._ 257. 1832. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 293. 1845. =3.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 425. 1889.

Corse’s Nota Bena 1. Corse’s Nota Bene 2, 3. _Nota Bene de Corse_ 3.

One of the best of the seedlings raised by Henry Corse, Esq., Montreal, Canada. Tree very vigorous, productive and hardy, short-lived; fruit large, round, pale brown sometimes shading to green; flesh greenish, firm, juicy, sweet and rich; good; freestone.

=November Gage.= Domestica. =1.= _Mag. Hort._ =6=:92. 1840.

Raised by Henry Corse of Montreal and distributed at the same time as his Nota Bene.

=Noyes.= Americana? =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1897. =2.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:283. 1900. =3.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =87=:14. 1901.

_Noyes’ Seedling_ 1. Noyes Seedling 2.

Originated with a Mrs. Noyes, Springville, Iowa, about 1881, from pits purchased for California plums; introduced by a Mr. Osborn about 1888. Craig places Noyes in _Prunus hortulana_ and Waugh, while classifying it with the Americanas, suggests that it is _Hortulana mineri_. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit large, roundish to oblong; apex sometimes flattened or depressed; cavity shallow; suture distinct; skin thick, tough, rather acid; yellow nearly overspread with red; dots numerous, yellow; flesh tinged with red, melting, rich and sweet; good; stone large, clinging; early to mid-season.

=Nutmeg.= Insititia. =1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 576. 1629. =2.= Rea _Flora_ 209. 1676.

Fruit the shape of a nutmeg, no larger than a Damson, greenish-yellow; good; late; obsolete.

=Oakley Park Wild.= Species? Listed in _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 150. 1831.

=Oatey.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894.

In answer to an inquiry Kerr states that “The Oatey is above medium to large, dull purplish-red when fully matured; clinging. Tree does not succeed here.”

=Oberdieck Gestreifte Eierpflaume.= Domestica? =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 442. 1889. =2.= _Guide Prat._ 157, 360. 1895.

Introduced into France by M. Oberdieck, the German pomologist. Fruit large, long-oval, yellow blushed with red; flesh yellow, juicy, sweet; good; early.

=Oberley.= Domestica. =1.= _Gard. Mon._ =2=:120. 1860. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 934. 1869. =3.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =2=:131. 1873.

_Oberley’s Greenwood_ 2. Oberley’s Greenwood 1.

Originated in Northampton County, Pennsylvania, on the farm of a Mr. Oberley. Tree thrifty, very productive; fruit medium in size, round; suture distinct; skin amber, but nearly covered with rosy red; bloom thin; flesh juicy; quality fair; clingstone.

=October.= Domestica. =1.= _Can. Hort._ =20=:454 fig. 1257. 1897.

Sent to the office of the Canadian Horticulturist by A. M. Smith of St. Catherines. Fruit medium in size, roundish; skin thin, dark purple; flesh yellow, tender, juicy, rich, sweet and very agreeable.

=Oddy.= Domestica. Listed in _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 150. 1831.

Oddy’s.

=Odegard.= Nigra. =1.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:50. 1897. =2.= _Minn. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 411. 1899. =3.= _S. Dak. Sta. Bul._ =93=:28, 49 fig. 1905.

Odegaard 2.

Originated about 1888 near Brookings, South Dakota; found among a lot of seedlings grown from wild plum pits sent from Minnesota; bought by H. T. Odegard of Brookings; introduced by A. Norby of Madison, South Dakota. Tree very productive, hardy and vigorous; foliage large; fruit large, oblong; suture very shallow from basin to apex; dark red; flesh yellow, juicy, sweet; good; early.

=Odell.= Domestica. =1.= _Col., O., Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 31. 1892. =2.= _Ohio Sta. Bul._ =113=:160. 1899. =3.= _Mich. Sta. Sp. Bul._ =30=:119. 1905.

According to the introducers, Augustine and Company, Normal, Illinois, this variety was found as a seedling growing in a fence corner at Odell, Illinois; introduced about 1890. Resembles and may be identical with Lombard; ripens at the same time.

=Ogeechee.= Angustifolia varians. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:64. 1892.

Found wild in Georgia; introduced by G. Bourquin. Fruit of medium size, round, red; clingstone; early.

=Oglesby.= Species? =1.= _Ill. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 135. 1903. =2.= _Ibid._ 424. 1905.

Reported by H. T. Thompson of Marengo, Illinois, as a small, handsome red plum; freestone; very late.

=Ohio.= Munsoniana. =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 154. 1883. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 187. 1901. =3.= _Ga. Sta. Bul._ =67=:279. 1904.

_Ohio Prolific_ 2. Ohio Prolific 1, 3.

Tree vigorous, productive, irregular in growth; foliage dense; fruit medium in size, roundish, yellow overspread with bright red; dots numerous, yellow; flesh yellow, juicy, melting; fair in quality; clingstone; mid-season.

=Okaw.= Species? Noted in Bailey _Ann. Hort._ 175. 1890.

=Oku Botan.= Triflora. =1.= _Va. Sta. Bul._ =129=:114. 1901.

A variety sent out by the United States Department of Agriculture.

=Old Gold.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894. =2.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =87=:14. 1901. =3.= _S. Dak. Sta. Bul._ =93=:30. 1905.

Introduced by C. W. H. Heideman of Minnesota. Tree hardy, productive, subject to shot-hole fungus; fruit medium in size, round to slightly oblong; cavity shallow; stem slender; clear yellow with a dark red blush; dots small; skin thick, tough; flesh yellow; quality fair; stone roundish-oval, smooth, clinging; mid-season.

=Olive.= Domestica. =1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 578. 1629.

Noted by Parkinson as “shrubby; fruit like an olive in color and size; very good; late.”

=Ollie.= Hortulana × Munsoniana. =1.= _Vt. Sta. An. Rpt._ =12=:226. 1899.

Grown by A. L. Bruce, Basin Springs, Texas; from seed of Wayland crossed with Wild Goose. Fruit medium, oval; cavity shallow; suture obscure; dark red; flesh yellow with some red; stone medium, round, flattened, clinging.

=Olson.= Species? =1.= _S. Dak. Sta. Bul._ =93=:30. 1905.

Found on the Vermilion River, near Vermilion, South Dakota. Tree productive; fruit of fair size; stone very large; late.

=Omaha.= Triflora × Americana. =1.= _Vt. Sta. An. Rpt._ =14=:272. 1901. =2.= _Ibid._ =15=:266. 1902.

From Theodore Williams, Benson, Nebraska; a cross between Abundance and Brittlewood. Fruit variable in size, nearly spherical; cavity deep, rounded; stem long; suture faint; apex rounded; light red, a shade darker than Wild Goose; dots many, small; bloom considerable; flesh moderately firm, yellow, juicy, rich and sweet; stone rather large, oval, flattened; early; not introduced.

=Omega.= Americana. =1.= Terry _Cat._ 1900. =2.= _Ill. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 424. 1905.

Originated by H. A. Terry of Iowa. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit large, slightly oblong, red over yellow with numerous light dots; good; late.

=Onderka Damascene.= Species? Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 442. 1889.

_Damas d’Onderka. Onderka._

=Ontario.= Species? =1.= _Mich. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 38. 1874. =2.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2nd Ser. =3=:54. 1900.

Tree vigorous, very productive; fruit medium to large, roundish-oval, marbled yellow; flesh yellow, juicy, sweet; good; clingstone; early to mid-season.

=Opata.= _Prunus besseyi_ × (Munsoniana × Triflora). =1.= _Circ S. Dak. Exp. Sta._ 1910.

Opata was grown by N. E. Hansen of the South Dakota Experiment Station from a cross between Golden and _Prunus besseyi_; introduced in a small way in 1908. Tree productive; fruit of medium size, roundish; cavity wide; dark red; bloom rather heavy; flesh green; said to be good; stone small; very early.

=Orange.= Domestica. =1.= Knoop _Fructologie_ =2=:59. 1771.

_Prune de Orange_ 1.

Fruit of medium size, oval, yellow blushed with red; flesh soft and juicy; good; freestone.

=Orange Cherry.= Species? =1.= _Kerr Cat._ 18. 1899.

_Orange’s Cherry Plum_ 1.

Originated in Florida where it is grown as a substitute for the cherry.

=Orel No. 21.= Domestica. =1.= _S. Dak. Sta. Bul._ =93=:30. 1905.

Introduced from Russia by Professor J. L. Budd of Iowa about 1882. Unproductive and deficient in hardiness.

=Orenge.= Domestica. =1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 576, 577 fig. 1629.

Mentioned by Parkinson as “a yellowish plum, moist and somewhat sweetish.”

=Oriental.= Triflora. =1.= _Rural N. Y._ =64=:743. 1905. =2.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 234. 1907.

_Perry’s Seedling_ 1.

Introduced by F. L. Perry of Bridgeport, Connecticut, as a cross between Burbank and Satsuma. Tree hardy, vigorous; fruit large; skin thin; flesh dark, sweet; good; ripens two or three weeks earlier than Satsuma and hangs a month after ripening.

=Orillia.= Domestica. =1.= _Can. Hort._ =26=:422. 1903.

A seedling shown at the Orillia fruit exhibit in 1903; grown from a Lombard seed by Frank Kean. Tree vigorous, bears regularly; fruit similar in size and appearance to Quackenboss with a smaller stone and heavier bloom.

=Osage.= Munsoniana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894. =2.= _Me. Sta. An. Rpt._ =12=:66. 1896. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 188. 1901. =4.= _Tex. Dept. Agr. Bul._ =12=:103. 1910.

Osage 48 2. _Wonder_ 4.

Tree productive, tender; fruit medium in size, round to oval; cavity shallow; stem slender; bright red with numerous light dots flesh yellow; quality fair; stone medium, oval, flattened, clinging; mid-season.

=Ottoman Seedling.= Domestica. =1.= _N. Y. Sta. Rpt._ =9=:347. 1900.

Received by this Station for testing in 1890 from L. M. Macomber, North Ferrisburgh, Vermont, as a seedling of Imperial Ottoman. Tree productive; fruit medium to large, oval, suture slight or lacking; stem an inch long, slender, inserted with scarcely a depression; dull red or greenish-red; bloom thin; flesh yellowish-green, juicy, sweet; very good; stone medium, oval, small wing; early to mid-season.

=Outremont.= Domestica. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ =43=:38. 1903.

Under test at the Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa.

=Overall.= Domestica. =1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 716. 1884.

Fruit large, oval; suture faint; stem three-quarters of an inch long inserted without a depression; dark purple; flesh coarse, pleasantly flavored; clingstone; mid-season.

=Owatona.= Americana. =1.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:52. 1897. =2.= _Wis. Hort. So. Rpt._ 137. 1899. =3.= _S. Dak. Sta. Bul._ =93=:31. 1905.

A wild variety from Owatonna, Minnesota. Trees hardy, productive; fruit medium in size, oblong; suture distinct; red; flesh yellow, tender, bitter; lacking in flavor; mid-season.

=Owen Sound.= Species? =1.= _Can. Hort._ =11=:259. 1888. =2.= _Ibid._ =14=:350. 1891.

Owen Sound Beauty 1, 2.

A seedling grown by R. Trotter of Owen Sound, Ontario, from pits of an unnamed plum. Tree strong, healthy; fruit large, roundish-oblong; suture distinct, dividing the plum into unequal parts; brownish-purple; dots light, numerous; bloom thick; flesh orange, very juicy, rich and excellent; freestone; late.

=Oxford.= Nigra. =1.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:52. 1897. =2.= _S. Dak. Sta. Bul._ =93=:30. 1905.

This variety is from Minnesota and resembles Aitken, but is more vigorous; lacks productiveness; fruit large, roundish-oval, deep red; flesh orange-yellow; good; stone large, thin, clinging; very early.

=Oyama.= Triflora. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 119. 1904. =2.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 66. 1905.

A seedling of the Red June grown at the Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Canada, from seed planted in 1895. Fruit of medium size, roundish to broad-oval; cavity narrow, of medium depth, abrupt; suture a distinct line, not depressed; apex rounded; deep red; dots obscure; bloom thin; flesh yellow, firm, juicy; sweet, not rich; quality medium; stone small, oval, clinging.

=Paddock Magnum Bonum.= Domestica. =1.= Floy-Lindley _Guide Orch. Gard._ 420. 1846.

Originated from a pit brought from Russia in 1805 by a Captain Paddock. Closely resembles the Red Magnum Bonum of which it may be a seedling; clingstone.

=Paine.= Domestica. =1.= _Am. Jour. Hort._ =3=:97. 1868.

Paine’s Seedling 1.

A chance seedling raised by A. W. Paine of Bangor, Maine. Fruit medium to large; oval; cavity shallow, one-sided with a small lip; stem long, stout; suture slight; golden-yellow, blotched with red; bloom thin; flesh yellow, coarse, rich, sweet; clingstone; early.

=Paisan Blanche.= Domestica. =1.= Knoop _Fructologie_ =2=:60. 1771.

Paisan Blanche et Double 1. _Prune de Paisan blanche and simple_ 1.

Fruit large, round; suture large, deep; greenish-yellow; flesh soft, juicy; good; clingstone; very productive.

=Paisan Noire.= Domestica. =1.= Knoop _Fructologie_ =2=:60. 1771.

Prune de Paisan Noire 1.

Said to resemble “Paisan Blanche” in form, size and productiveness but is purple and the suture is a little deeper, flesh more watery and inferior in flavor.

=Palmer.= Triflora. =1.= _U. S. D. A. Pom. Rpt._ 46. 1895. =2.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 47. 1897.

Probably a seedling of Abundance, grown by J. S. Breece of Fayetteville, North Carolina, about 1892. Fruit of medium size, roundish-conical, coppery-red with numerous russet dots; bloom light; skin thin, bitter; flesh yellowish, translucent with yellow veins, meaty, tender, juicy, fibrous, mild subacid, rich; good to very good; stone large, long, oval, clinging; very early.

=Pander.= Triflora. =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 47. 1897.

A seedling of Abundance grown by J. S. Breece, Fayetteville, North Carolina. Fruit large, roundish, light to dark crimson; dots minute russet, raised; bloom slight; skin thin, slightly bitter; flesh yellow, translucent, rather firm, meaty, juicy, sugary vinous, rich; very good; stone oval, medium in size, clinging; season with Wild Goose.

=Pappaconi.= Domestica. =1.= Noisette _Man. Comp. Jard._ =2=:499. 1860.

Imported into France from the Royal Gardens of Naples. Fruit larger than Dame Aubert, brilliant yellow, ripens in September.

=Papeleu.= Domestica. =1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 716. 1884.

Fruit medium in size, round, symmetrical; stem moderately long, set in a narrow depression; suture very shallow; golden-yellow when ripe, mottled with pale straw color; dots small, crimson; bloom light; flesh yellow, tender and juicy, rich, sugary and highly flavored; freestone; mid-season.

=Paquet.= Domestica. =1.= _U. S. D. A. Pom. Rpt._ 26, Col. Pl. 1894.

Originated in 1889 with Peter Paquet, Oregon City, Oregon. Fruit very large, oval; cavity large, deep, regular; stem about an inch long, rather stout, curved; suture moderate; apex truncated; yellow washed with red; dots many, yellow; skin thick; flesh yellow; very good; stone oval, semi-clinging; early.

=Park.= Domestica ×? =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894. =2.= _Ibid._ 25. 1897. =3.= _Ohio Sta. Bul._ =162=:256, 257. 1905.

Kerr says this is reputed to be a hybrid of _Prunus domestica_ with a native variety. Tree upright-spreading; fruit above medium size, oblong-oval; cavity broad and deep; stem of medium length, stout; greenish-yellow; flesh yellow; good; stone of medium size, clinging; mid-season.

=Parker.= Species? =1.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:52. 1897.

Reported as very productive and regular in bearing; fruit large; good; early.

=Parrott.= Species? =1.= _Kan. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ =30=:63. 1908-09.

Parrott originated with A. H. Griesa, Lawrence, Kansas. Fruit small, bright red; bloom thin; stone small; very late.

=Parsonage.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 367. 1857.

Originated at Rhinebeck, Dutchess County, New York. Tree very vigorous, upright, productive; fruit medium to large, oval; stem medium; cavity small; pale yellow splashed with green; flesh yellow, juicy, rich; freestone; mid-season.

=Partridge.= Species? =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2nd Ser. =3=:54. 1900. =2.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 548. 1901.

Grown at the Experimental Farm, Agassiz, British Columbia. Tree vigorous; fruit medium, round; suture distinct; red with white bloom; flesh yellowish, sweet, pleasant; early.

=Pasqua.= Nigra? =1.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 426. 1900.

Sent out by Thomas Frankland, Stonewall, Manitoba. Fruit large, red; late.

=Pathfinder.= Triflora × (Triflora × Simonii?) =1.= _Rural N. Y._ =68=:752. 1909.

Pathfinder, a cross between Chabot and Wickson, was grown by William Strong Arkansas. Fruit heart-shaped, strongly pointed, dark colored; flesh firm, fine-grained and sweet.

=Patten A.= Munsoniana. =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:286. 1900.

Received by the Iowa Experiment Station from C. G. Patten, Charles City, Iowa, with whom the variety originated. Fruit medium in size, ellipsoidal, flattened at both ends; cavity deep; suture a well-marked groove; bright red to purplish-red; dots small, numerous; bloom thin; flesh firm, meaty; good; stone of medium size, winged, flat, clinging; not introduced.

=Patten B.= Americana. =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:286. 1900.

Of the Stoddard type, from C. G. Patten, Charles City, Iowa. Fruit medium to large, conical, somewhat pointed; cavity shallow; stem long; suture clearly outlined; apex pointed; dark purplish-red; dots numerous, small; bloom thick; skin thick, brittle; flesh yellow-brown; good; stone large, flat, clinging.

=Peach Leaf.= Hortulana. =1.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:52. 1897. 2. _Vt. Sta. An. Rpt._ =11=:285. 1898.

_Peachleaf_ 2.

A variety of unknown origin grown for many years by B. A. Mathews of Iowa. Given as synonymous to Kanawha by the American Pomological Society. Waugh says this is an error. Fruit medium in size, round; cavity slight; suture a faint line; deep wine red; dots many, small; flesh yellow, firm; good; stone medium, rough.

=Peach-plum.= Domestica. =1.= _Ray Hist. Plant._ =2=:1529. 1688. =2.= Rea _Flora_ 208. 1676.

Peach Plum 1.

A yellow variety grown in the Seventeenth Century.

=Peake.= Domestica. =1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 578. 1629.

Parkinson says of it, “long, whitish and very good.”

=Pearl.= Americana mollis. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 11. 1898. =2.= Terry _Cat._ 5. 1900. =3.= _Ill. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 424. 1905.

From H. A. Terry, Crescent, Iowa; grown from seed of Van Buren planted about 1891. Tree very productive, vigorous, upright; fruit large, white becoming pale red; of best quality; ripens last of August.

=Pear Plum.= Domestica. =1.= Kraft _Pom. Aust._ =2=:45, Tab. 199 fig. 2. 1796. =2.= _N. E. Farmer Dict._ 266. 1797.

Die veilchenfarbige Birnpflaume 1. _Prune poire grosse violette_ 1.

Kraft in 1796 described a little-known Pear plum. Tree medium in size, unproductive; fruit very large, pear-shaped; suture distinct; stem long; reddish-purple; flesh juicy, unpleasant; freestone. This may or may not be the same as the New England variety of this name mentioned in the references.

=Peasant.= Species? =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2nd Ser. =3=:55. 1900.

Tested by the Experimental Farm at Agassiz, British Columbia. Tree vigorous; fruit small, roundish, purple; flesh yellowish, juicy, sweet; mid-season.

=Peerless.= Americana. =1.= Meneray _Cat._

A seedling of Harrison grown by H. A. Terry and introduced by F. W. Meneray, Council Bluffs, Iowa. Fruit large, oblong, dark red; skin thin; flesh yellow, firm; good; freestone.

=Pekin.= Species? Letter from Kerr.

Originated by Theodore Williams, Benson, Nebraska.

=Pendent.= Munsoniana × Hortulana mineri. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 19. 1898. =2.= _Vt. Sta. Bul._ =67=:18. 1898.

A cross between Pottawattamie and Forest Garden from Theodore Williams of Benson, Nebraska; introduced by J. W. Kerr in 1898. Tree slender, a rapid grower, productive; fruit medium to large, roundish inclined to oblong, red; semi-clinging; mid-season.

=Penning.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 11. 1897. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 160. 1901.

_Penning’s Free_ 2. Penning’s Free 1.

Originated with Martin Penning of Minnesota; a perfect freestone.

=Penning Peach.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 7. 1896. =2.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:52. 1897. =3.= Kerr _Cat._ 11. 1899.

C. W. H. Heideman of Minnesota says this variety was introduced about thirty years ago as the Peach plum and was sold under that name by Northwestern nurserymen; he added the name Penning to avoid confusion; it closely resembles Harrison and is by some considered identical with that variety. Tree hardy and healthy, a shy bearer; fruit medium to large, oblong, purplish-red; flesh sweet; semi-clinging; mid-season.

=Penobscot.= Domestica. =1.= _Horticulturist_ =1=:196. 1846. =2.= Elliott _Fr. Book_ 428. 1854. =3.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Cat._ 222, 244. 1858.

Originated about 1840 with James McLaughlin of Bangor, Maine. Rejected by the American Pomological Society in 1858. Tree productive; fruit large, oval; suture distinct; cavity small; stem of medium length; greenish-yellow with a red blush in the sun; bloom thin; flesh yellow, sweet; flavor pleasant; stone long, pointed at both ends, clinging; early.