Chapter IV: The Minor Varieties of Plums (8)

Originated by J. S. Breece, Fayetteville, North Carolina, from seed of Abundance pollinated with Wild Goose; fruit borne in 1894. Fruit of medium size, oval; suture faint; dark, wine-red; skin thick; flesh yellow, firm, meaty, slightly fibrous, sweet, rich; good; clingstone.

=Ruby.= Munsoniana. =1.= _Orchard Home Nur. Cat._ 7. 1891. =2.= Terry _Cat._ 8. 1900.

A seedling of Wild Goose introduced by L. T. Sanders of the Orchard Home Nursery, Plain Dealing, Louisiana, in 1891. Fruit slightly smaller than the parent, round, red with small dots; flesh solid; good; a good shipper.

=Rudolph.= Domestica. =1.= Oberdieck _Deut. Obst. Sort._ 438. 1881. =2.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 449. 1889.

_Frankfurter Pflaume_ 2. _Rudolphspflaume_ 1. Rudolph Pflaume 2.

In Germany considered valuable for dessert, compotes and market. Tree quick in growth, large; shoots almost glabrous, dark brownish-red; fruit large, of prune shape; suture shallow; halves usually equal; stem hairy; cavity shallow; skin easily removed, yellow often flecked with red, sometimes reddish; flesh yellow, tender, juicy, very sweet, sprightly; nearly freestone; mid-season.

=Rue.= Americana. =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:288. 1900. =2.= Budd-Hansen _Am. Hort. Man._ 300. 1903. =3.= _S. Dak. Sta. Bul._ =93=:34. 1905.

_J. B. Rue_ 1, 2, 3.

Originated with J. B. Rue, Pottawattamie County, Iowa; distributed by Professor J. L. Budd. The fruit closely resembles Stoddard except in the stone, that of the latter being large and flat, while that of the former is small and round.

=Ruff Choice.= Domestica. =1.= _Tex. Sta. Bul._ =32=:484. 1894.

Under test at the Texas Experiment Station.

=Ruff Spanish.= Species? =1.= _Tex. Sta. Bul._ =32=:490. 1894.

Under test at the Texas Experiment Station.

=Russian Mirabelle.= Insititia. =1.= Budd-Hansen _Am. Hort. Man._ 324. 1903.

Described by Budd and Hansen as a Russian plum; hardier than the Mirabelle of western Europe and differing in tree and fruit. Fruit small, roundish-oblate, bright yellow; suture indistinct to distinct at the apex; cavity narrow; stem medium in length and thickness; flesh yellow, juicy, rich; quality best; freestone.

=Russian No. 2.= Domestica. =1.= _Mich. Sta. Rpt._ 111. 1887. =2.= _Colo. Sta. Bul._ =50=:45. 1898.

Imported from Russia. Fruit of medium size, irregular in shape; suture a line; deep purple with heavy bloom; flesh firm, subacid; quality fair; freestone.

=Russian No. 3.= Domestica. =1.= _Mich. Sta. Rpt._ 111. 1887. =2.= _S. Dak. Sta. Bul._ =93=:35. 1905.

Said to be unproductive and not hardy.

=Sada.= Americana mollis. =1.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:59. 1897. =2.= _Ibid._ =87=:15. 1901. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 163. 1901.

A seedling of Van Buren grown by H. A. Terry, Crescent, Iowa; first fruited in 1893. Fruit large, round; suture a line; cavity shallow; red over a yellow ground with many conspicuous dots; skin thick, tough, astringent; flesh dark yellow, mushy; quality fair; semi-clinging; mid-season.

=Saffold.= Species? =1.= _Am. Gard._ =14=:51. 1893. =2.= Bailey _Ev. Nat. Fruits_ 175. 1898.

A variety brought into Texas from Alabama about 1853 by General Saffold of Sequin, Texas, where for years it was the only cultivated plum. Although inferior to later introductions, it is excellent for preserves and still retains a place among Texan varieties.

=Sagetsuna.= Triflora. =1.= Normand _Sp. Cir._ 1895. =2.= Kerr _Cat._ 8. 1901. =3.= _Ga. Sta. Bul._ =68=:6, 33. 1905.

Sagetsuma 3. _Wasse Botankyo_ 2.

A variety imported from Japan by J. L. Normand, Marksville, Louisiana. In 1901, J. W. Kerr fruited Sagetsuna and Wasse Botankyo and found them identical. Tree vigorous with straggling habit; fruit large, conic, red over a yellow ground, with numerous dots; flesh yellow, firm; good; clingstone; earlier than Abundance.

=St. Anne.= Domestica. =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Cat._ 40. 1899.

Bonne St. Ann 1.

Originated in Vermont; catalogued by the American Pomological Society in 1899 and 1901. Fruit blue; good.

=Saint Antoine.= Domestica. =1.= _Traité Prat. Sech. Fruits_ 172. 1893.

Prune de Bordeaux 1.

A plum found in the neighborhood of Gironde, France. The prunes from this variety are know as Prunes de Bordeaux. The fruits are less esteemed than those of the Agen.

=Saint Antonio.= Domestica. Mentioned in _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 153. 1831.

=St. Aubert.= Domestica. =1.= _Gard. Chron._ =36=:1205. 1873. =2.= _Guide Prat._ 157, 365. 1895.

Saint Aubert 2.

Of Belgian origin; resembles Golden Drop but is a month earlier and is superior in quality and productiveness; fruit oval, rounded at both ends, greenish spotted and marked with a crimson blush; color and flavor of the flesh like Reine Claude.

=Sainte Therese.= Species? =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 449. 1889. =2.= _Guide Prat._ 160, 365. 1895.

Tree vigorous, productive; fruit large, long-oval, reddish-purple; flesh fine-grained; good; clingstone; mid-season.

=St. Etienne.= Insititia. =1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 381. 1866. =2.= Oberdieck _Deut. Obst. Sort._ 431. 1881. =3.= _Gard. Chron._ =24=:187. 1885. =4.= _Guide Prat._ 160, 365. 1895. =5.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 480. 1904.

_Mamelonnee?_ 4. _Pflaume von St. Etienne_ 4. Pflaume von St. Etienne 2.

Tree vigorous; fruit globular or frequently roundish-oval; suture distinct dividing the sides equally; stem medium; cavity narrow; skin not adherent; yellow blushed and spotted with red on the sunny side; flesh yellow, tender, melting, juicy, sweet with a fine flavor; stone small; free; early.

=St. James.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 152. 1831. =2.= _Mag. Hort._ =9=:165. 1843. =3.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 311. 1845.

St. James’ Quetsche 1, 2, 3.

A strain of the German Prune; tree very productive; fruit of medium size, oblong, purple; good; clingstone; mid-season.

=St. John.= Domestica. =1.= Willich _Dom. Enc._ =4=:195. 1803. =2.= _Horticulturist_ =3=:396. 1848. =3.= Elliott _Fr. Book_ 429. 1854.

_Prune de St. Jean_ 3. Prune de St. Jean 2.

A foreign variety of unknown origin. Tree very productive; fruit of medium size, round, purplish-blue; flesh greenish-yellow; early.

=St. Lawrence.= Domestica. =1.= _Mich. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 38. 1874. =2.= Barry _Fr. Garden_ 416. 1883. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 122. 1901.

A seedling of Smith Orleans grown on the grounds of Ellwanger & Barry, Rochester, New York. Tree vigorous and productive; fruit variable in size, averages medium, roundish-oval; cavity deep, rounded; stem short; suture shallow; dark reddish-purple; bloom heavy; flesh yellow, juicy, melting, sweet; quality poor to fair; clingstone; mid-season.

=Saint Martin Quetsche.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 152. 1831. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 283. 1845. =3.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Cat._ 55. 1852. =4.= Elliott _Fr. Book_ 414. 1854. =5.= Mas _Le Verger_ =6=:49. 1866-73.

_Coe’s Late Red_ 5. _Prune Violette D’Octobre_ 5. _Rouge Tardive De Coe_ 5. Saint-Martin 5. Saint Martin’s 4. _Saint Martin’s Quetsche_ 4. _Violette October Pflaume_ 5.

Of German origin; introduced into this country during the second quarter of the Nineteenth Century. Fruit of medium size, ovate, yellow, sometimes blushed; covered with a thin bloom; flesh yellowish, juicy, rich; good; late; fruit hangs to the tree long after maturity.

=Saint Pierre.= Species? =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 449. 1889. =2.= _Guide Prat._ 156, 366. 1895.

Fruit resembles Mirabelle, though it is larger; yellow marbled with red; flesh yellow; good; stone nearly free; very early.

=St. Remo.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 153. 1831.

Cultivated in the garden of the Horticultural Society of London.

=Sandalls.= Domestica. =1.= _Jour. Hort._ N. S. =15=:247. 1868. =2.= _Gard. Chron._ =30=:1311, 1347. 1870.

Sandall’s Plum 2.

Originated about 1800 with a Mr. Sandall at Crab Tree, Fulton, England. Tree vigorous and attains great size; fruit of medium size, round, dark purple; flesh firm, reddish-yellow, juicy, pleasant; good; clingstone; very late.

=Sanders.= Angustifolia varians? =1.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 200. 1901.

_Honey Grove_ 1.

Introduced by J. S. Kerr, Sherman, Texas, in 1898. Fruit small, purplish-red; quality fair; very early.

=Sanderson.= Americana. =1.= Budd-Hansen _Am. Hort. Man._ 300. 1903.

Originated in Minnesota. Fruit large, roundish-oval, light red over a yellow ground; skin slightly astringent; good; semi-clinging.

=Sandle.= Domestica. Mentioned in Watkins _Cat._ 1892?

=Sandoz.= Species? =1.= Crete _Cat._ 1906.

Introduced by E. F. Stephens of the Crete Nursery, Crete, Nebraska. Tree hardy; productive; fruit red; early.

=Sand Plum.= Angustifolia watsoni. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 889. 1869. =2.= _Neb. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 173. 1895. =3.= Kansas “_The Plum_” 20, 45. 1900.

Sand Plum is the common name for _Prunus angustifolia watsoni._

=Sannois.= Domestica. =1.= _U. S. D. A. Div. Pom. Bul._ =10=:20. 1901.

Sannois Quetsche 1.

Originated in Sannois, France. A rather unattractive plum in appearance, but with a fine flavor and high quality. As grown at this Station the tree is small, vigorous, upright-spreading; fruit above medium to large, roundish-oblate, slightly compressed; suture shallow; stem medium in thickness and length; cavity wide, deep; apex flattened; dull, reddish-purple with darker shades in the sun; bloom moderate; dots numerous, brownish; skin thick, tough; flesh dark coppery-yellow, juicy, rather coarse, very fibrous, tough, firm, sweet; very good; stone medium, irregular-oval, turgid, rough, clinging; very late.

=Sansoto.= _Prunus besseyi_ × Americana. =1.= _Cir. S. Dak. Sta._ 1910.

Sansoto originated in 1907 as a cross between De Soto and _Prunus besseyi_ made by N. E. Hansen of the South Dakota Experiment Station; introduced in 1910. Tree productive; fruit small, round, black; bloom heavy; flesh yellowish-green, sprightly; clingstone.

=Santa Rosa.= Triflora. =1.= _Fancher Creek Nur. Cat._ 1907. =2.= _Ibid._ 1909.

Originated by Burbank; introduced by the Fancher Creek Nursery Company in 1907. Fruit very large, round, suture distinct; cavity medium deep; dark purplish crimson with thin bloom; flesh reddish near the skin shading to amber near the center; good; clingstone; keeps and ships well.

=Sapa.= _Prunus besseyi_ × Triflora. =1.= _S. Dak. Sta. Bul._ 108. 1908.

Grown by Hansen of the South Dakota Experiment Station from a cross of Sultan and a selected seedling of the _Prunus besseyi_; fruited in 1907. Fruit small, round, glossy, dark purple; flesh dark red.

=Saratoga.= Domestica. =1.= Bailey _Ann. Hort._ 103. 1889. =2.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Cat._ 25. 1897. =3.= _Mich. Sta. Bul._ =169=:243, 247. 1899. =4.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 121. 1901. =5.= _Ohio Sta. Bul._ =162=:256, 257. 1905.

Introduced by Green’s Nursery Company in 1889. Found in a garden at Saratoga Springs, New York, in 1897. The American Pomological Society placed it on its fruit catalog list. As tested at this Station it is identical to the Lombard in fruit-characters but differs in foliage. It is safe to assume that it is a seedling of the Lombard.

=Saskatchewan.= Nigra? =1.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 426. 1900.

Taken from the wild by Thomas Stonewall, Manitoba; tested at the Indian Head Experimental Farm, Northwest Territory. Fruit of medium size, red; good; early.

=Satin.= Hortulana × Triflora. =1.= _Vt. Sta. An. Rpt._ =12=:228. 1899.

Grown by J. S. Breece, Fayetteville, North Carolina, supposedly from a cross between Moreman and some Japanese variety. Fruit of medium size, roundish-oval; suture a line; red with numerous large, yellow dots; skin thick, tough; flesh firm, yellow; good; clingstone.

=Satsugon.= Triflora. =1.= _Rural N. Y._ =64=:677. 1905.

Originated in 1900 with Levi Bell, Sparkill, New York, from a cross between Ogon and Satsuma. Fruit large, roundish; cavity deep; dark red; flesh red, firm, meaty; freestone; quality good; mid-season. The originator states that this variety will keep in an ordinary cellar for two months after picking.

=Satsuland.= Triflora × Domestica? =1.= _Rural N. Y._ =64=:677. 1905.

A cross between Satsuma and Richland grown by Levi Bell, Sparkill, New York, about 1900. Fruit below medium size, oval, cavity lacking; stem long; purplish-red; clingstone.

=Sauvageon.= Domestica. =1.= _Montreal Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 94. 1885.

_Corse’s Sauvageon_ 1.

Raised from seed by Henry Corse of Montreal, Canada. Tree strong, vigorous, hardy, productive; fruit dark blue; flesh reddish tinged, firm, sweet and pleasant; late.

=Sayer Favorite.= Domestica. =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 94. 1877.

In 1877 J. E. Johnson in a report to the American Pomological Society mentioned this as a very fine seedling variety growing in Utah.

=Scaldatone.= Domestica. Mentioned in _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 153. 1831.

=Scanarda.= Species? Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 449. 1889.

_Die Scanarda._ _Scanarda._

=Scaudatella.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 153. 1831. =2.= Gallesio _Pom. Ital._ =2=: Pl. 1839.

Scaldatello 1. Susino Scaudatella 2.

An old variety well known in Italy. Fruit medium, obovate, yellow; flesh yellow, meaty, juicy and sweet.

=Schamal.= Domestica. =1.= _Ann. Pom. Belge_ =7=:31, Pl. 1859. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 897. 1869. =3.= _Le Bon Jard._ LII. 1884. =4.= _Guide Prat._ 161, 354. 1895.

Automne de Schamali 2. _Damascena Schamali_ 1, 2, 4. _D’Automne de Schamal_ 2. Prune d’Automne de Schamal 1, 3, 4. _Prune d’Automne de Schamali_ 2. _Schamal_ 4. _Schamals Herbstpflaume_ 4.

Obtained by M. Schamal, nurseryman and pomologist at Jungbunzlau, Bohemia; first noted by Liegel in 1844. Tree vigorous, productive; young branches smooth, brownish-red; fruit large, pear-shaped; suture deep; halves unequal; stem slender, smooth; purplish-red; flesh yellowish, juicy, tender, sweet, vinous; stone oval, free; mid-season.

=Schenectady.= Domestica. =1.= _Mag. Hort._ 446. 1847. =2.= Thomas _Am. Fruit Cult._ 342. 1849. =3.= Elliott _Fr. Book_ 414. 1854. =4.= _Cultivator_ =6=:52, 269. 1858. =5.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 947. 1869. =6.= Oberdieck _Deut. Obst. Sort._ 402. 1881.

Catharinenpflaume von Schenectady 6. _Schenectady Catharine_ 4. Schenectady Catherine Plum 1, 2, 5. _Schenectady Catherine_ 3.

Originated at Schenectady, New York, about 1800; introduced by Dr. Herman Wendell. It was described in the American Pomological Society’s catalog for twenty-two years. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit small, roundish-oval; suture shallow; cavity small; reddish-purple; bloom thin; flesh greenish-yellow, melting, juicy, rich, sweet; very good; freestone; mid-season; said to reproduce itself from seed.

=Schieblers Eier Pflaume.= Domestica. Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 449. 1889.

=Schiebler Luisante.= Domestica. =1.= Oberdieck _Deut. Obst. Sort._ 409. 1881.

A seedling of the Red Egg plum, similar, but not an improvement.

=Schlachter Früh Zwetsche.= Domestica? =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 449. 1889. =2.= _Guide Prat._ 163, 366. 1895.

A variety resembling German Prune.

=Schley.= Munsoniana. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:65, 87. 1892. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 188. 1901.

_Schley’s Large Red_ 1, 2.

Originated near Augusta, Georgia; introduced by J. W. K. Nelson of that state. Fruit of medium size, roundish-oval; suture slight; cavity of medium depth; bright red with numerous dots; skin tough; flesh yellow; poor; clingstone; mid-season.

=Schmidt Rote Zwetsche.= Domestica. =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 449. 1889.

_Quetsche Rouge de Schmidt_ 1.

Mathieu found it referred to in _Wiener Garten-Zeitung_ 289. 1884.

=Schoenthal.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894-1900.

Fruit of medium size, globular, dull red; stone semi-clinging.

=Schöne von Riom.= Domestica. =1.= Oberdieck _Deut. Obst. Sort._ 445. 1881.

Mentioned as an unproductive variety on dry soils.

=Schuyler Gage.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 147. 1831. =2.= _Cultivator_ =1=:306. 1844. =3.= _Ibid._ =3=:19. 1855. =4.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 947. 1869. =5.= Mas _Le Verger_ =6=:103. 1866-73.

Reine-Claude de Schuyler 5. _Schuyler Gage_ 5.

A seedling of Reine Claude grown at Albany, New York, by General Schuyler of revolutionary fame, who refused to disseminate it. His successor in the ownership of the tree, John Bryan, also guarded the variety jealously, so that it was not until about 1847 when E. C. McIntosh came into possession of the estate that the variety was introduced. Fruit of medium size, oval; suture shallow; cavity small; yellow splashed with green and dotted with red; bloom thin; flesh yellow, juicy, rich, sweet; very good; freestone; late.

=Scioto.= Insititia. =1.= _U. S. D. A. Yearbook_ 502. 1905.

_Mussel_ 1. _Chickasaw_ 1.

Cultivated for nearly eighty years in the noted Damson district at Chillicothe, Ohio. It was brought there in 1831 by Miss Palace Hill from the nursery of her brother, Joseph C. Hill, Petersburg, Virginia, who in turn had found it on the farm of Thomas Hill near Bollings Bridge, North Carolina. The variety is of the Damson type and the seed of it was probably brought from Europe by the early colonists. Fruit small, oval, necked; suture slight; cavity lacking; dark blue; bloom heavy; good.

=Scribner.= Triflora × Munsoniana. =1.= _U. S. D. A. Pom. Rpt._ 46, Col. Pl. 1895. =2.= _Vt. Sta. Bul._ =67=:19. 1898. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 225. 1901.

From J. S. Breece, Fayetteville, North Carolina, supposedly from a cross of Abundance pollinated by Wild Goose. Fruit large, roundish-oval; suture faint; cavity large; stem short, stout; dark red with many small dots; bloom heavy; flesh yellow, firm, meaty; quality very poor; clingstone.

=Sea-Egg.= Triflora. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =106=:62. 1906.

Bailey mentions this variety as coming from Burbank and describes it as; “globular heart shaped in outline and mottled red; flesh very thick and meaty; orange-yellow, sweet and excellent, with a slight muskiness, cling.”

=Semiana.= Domestica. =1.= Forsyth _Treat. Fr. Trees_ 21. 1803. =2.= Thomas _Am. Fruit Cult._ 344, 346. 1849. =3.= Cole _Am. Fr. Book_ 217. 1849. =4.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 947. 1869.

_Blue Impératrice_ 2, 3, 4. Semiana of Boston 4. Semina 1. _Simiana_ 2.

At one time grown extensively around Boston; often confused with Blue Impératrice and the Semiana or Suisse of Europe. It is, however, much inferior to either of the above. Tree vigorous, very productive; fruit of medium size, oval, necked; cavity very small; deep purple; flesh greenish, juicy, subacid, not rich; clingstone; very late.

=Seper.= Nigra? =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1897-1900. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 171. 1901.

_Seper’s Peach_ 2. Seper’s Peach 1.

Introduced by J. W. Kerr, Denton, Maryland. Fruit large, roundish-oblong, dark red; quality poor; clingstone.

=September.= Americana =1.= Meneray _Cat._

One of H. A. Terry’s numerous varieties; introduced by F. W. Meneray of Council Bluffs, Iowa. Fruit large, round, bright red; fair quality.

=September Damask.= Insititia. =1.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:77. 1768. =2.= Kraft _Pom. Aust._ =2=:45, Tab. 200 fig. 1. 1796. =3.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:84. 1832. =4.= Poiteau _Pom. Franc._ 1. 1846. =5.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 357. 1866. =6.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 947. 1869. =7.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =2=:1. 1873. =8.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 451. 1889.

Damas de Septembre 1, 2, 5, 7. _Damas de Septembre_ 3, 6, 8. Die späte oder September Damaskpflaume 2. _Michaelis Pflaume_ 8. _Münchenpflaume_ 8. Prune Damas de Septembre 4. _Prune de Vacance_ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8. _Prunier des Vacances_ 3, 6, 8. _Sankt-Michel’s Pflaume_ 8. _September Damascene_ 8. September Damask 3. _September Damask_ 7, 8. _September Damson_ 1. Vakanzpflaume 8.

An old variety probably of French origin. Tree of medium vigor, productive; shoots downy; fruit small, roundish to slightly elongated; suture shallow; stem short; cavity shallow; skin tender, purplish-black, covered with a thick bloom; flesh greenish, fine, melting, sweet, agreeable when well ripened; freestone; late.

=Shaker.= Americana? =1.= _Ill. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 80. 1880.

Grown in Iowa from seed brought from Ohio. Fruit red, coloring a month before maturity; ripening period very long.

=Shaw.= Species? =1.= Bailey _Ann. Hort._ 103. 1889.

Mentioned by Bailey in the Annals of Horticulture as introduced by Lovett in 1889; not listed in Lovett’s catalogs.

=Shedd Cluster.= Munsoniana? Letter from F. T. Ramsey.

A prolific variety resembling Robinson selected from the wild on the line between Lampasas and Coryelle counties, Texas, by a Mr. Shedd.

=Sheldon.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 948. 1869.

Originated on the farm of Wareham Sheldon, Huron, Wayne County, New York. Tree vigorous and prolific; fruit large, oval; suture a line; cavity small; purplish-black; bloom thick; flesh greenish-yellow, juicy, aromatic; good; freestone; mid-season.

=Shepherd Bullace.= Insititia. =1.= Watkins _Nur. Cat._ 48. 1892? =2.= Thompson _Gard. Ass’t_ =4=:160. 1901.

Shepherd’s White 2.

A large Bullace mentioned without description in the preceding references.

=Shepway Bulleis.= Insititia. =1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 576. 1629.

Parkinson mentions under this name a large “dark bluish-brown” plum of the Bullace type inferior to the common variety.

=Shilling.= Domestica. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894. =2.= _Ohio Sta. Bul._ =162=:256, 257. 1905.

A variety introduced by J. W. Kerr in 1894. Fruit of medium size, oblong-oval, pointed at the apex; cavity shallow; suture a line; stem short, stout; dull red; bloom light; flesh yellow; quality poor; clingstone; mid-season.

=Shipper.= Triflora. 1. Burbank _Cat._ 18. 1893. =2.= Childs _Cat._ 62. 1896.

A seedling of Satsuma grown by Burbank; introduced in 1896 by John Lewis Childs, Floral Park, New York. Fruit oval, light red; flesh very firm, juicy, sweet; keeps and ships well; mid-season.

=Shirata Bene.= Triflora. =1.= Lovett _Cat._ 1892. =2.= _Ohio Sta. Bul._ =162=:256, 257. 1905.

Introduced as a crimson plum but described at the Ohio Experiment Station as yellow.

=Shviata Bene.= Triflora. =1.= _Gard. Mon._ 367. 1887.

_Uwase_ 1. _Blood Plum_ 1.

H. H. Berger states that the above name and synonyms were applied to a red-fleshed variety indigenous to Japan. Probably a class name.

=Siamese.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 284. 1845.

Fruit in pairs firmly attached on one side and hanging from a single stem. The original tree grew in the garden of Wm. Roe, Newburgh, New York. Fruit of medium size, obovate; cavity small; skin pale yellow; flesh yellow, juicy, sprightly; quality fair; clingstone; mid-season.

=Sidone.= Species? Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 450. 1889.

=Siebenburger Pflaume.= Species? =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 450. 1889. =2.= _Guide Prat._ 163, 366. 1895.

“A variety of little merit.”

=Sierra.= Subcordata. =1.= _Can. Hort._ =19=:405. 1896.

Sierra Crimson 1.

Reported in the preceding reference by S. S. Watkins, Grizzly Flats, California, as a very good wild plum growing high up in the Sierra Nevada Mountains. Said to bear beautiful crimson fruit about the size of the Reine Claude, of good quality; highly recommended for jelly.

=Silassy.= Domestica. =1.= _Mich. Sta. Bul._ =118=:52. 1895. =2.= _Ibid._ =152=:211. 1898.

Imported from Hungary by the Michigan Experiment Station.

=Silas Wilson.= Americana. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:80. 1892. =2.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 105. 1900. =3.= Terry _Cat._ 1900.

Grown by H. A. Terry, from seed of Hawkeye; first fruited in 1891. Fruit large, oval; cavity shallow; suture a line; red over a yellow ground; dots numerous; flesh yellow, juicy; good; clingstone; mid-season.

=Silva Koning Claudie.= Domestica. =1.= Wickson _Cal. Fruits_ 358. 1891.

_Miller’s Early_ 1.

Described by Wickson as an undetermined variety brought from Germany by Dr. L. E. Miller, of California, in 1854; introduced by C. M. Silva & Son of Newcastle, California, in 1887. Fruit purplish-black; fine flavor; similar in size to the Early Royal, and about a month earlier.

=Sirocco.= Triflora ×? =1.= _U. S. D. A. Pom. Rpt._ 47. 1895. =2.= _Vt. Sta. Bul._ =67=:19. 1895.

J. S. Breece, of Fayetteville, North Carolina grew this variety as a cross between Abundance and Marianna. Fruit of medium size, roundish-oval; cavity small; suture a line; coppery-red with streaks of yellow; dots minute, russet; flesh reddish near the skin but yellow towards the stone, juicy; good.

=Sisson.= Subcordata kelloggii. =1.= Bailey _Ev. Nat. Fruits_ 216, 217. 1898.

Fruit larger than the wild Subcordata; yellow or red; flesh soft and palatable. See the discussion of _Prunus subcordata_, page 74.

=Sixby.= Americana. =1.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =87=:15. 1901.

Sent out by Edson Gaylord, Nora Springs, Iowa. Fruit small; suture distinct; bright red with conspicuous dots; skin adherent; flesh deep yellow tinged with red, crisp, rich; stone oval.

=Six Weeks.= Triflora × Angustifolia varians? =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 10. 1901-2. =2.= _Tex. Nur. Cat._ 8. 1907. =3.= _Tex. Dept. Agr. Bul._ =12=:102. 1910.

Early Six Weeks.

Grown from seed of Abundance crossed with an early “Chicasaw;” named and introduced by J. S. Kerr of Texas. Tree vigorous, upright, rapid in growth, resembles the native variety more than Triflora; fruit large, oblong, yellow tinged red; early.

=Skuya.= Triflora × Americana. =1.= _S. Dak. Sta. Bul._ 108. 1908.

A cross between De Soto and Red June made by Hansen of the South Dakota Experiment Station resulted in eight seedlings of which the above was the first to fruit. Fruit large, dark, dull red and yellow, sweet; good; stone small.

=Sloe.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894-1900. =2.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:59. 1897.

Sloe is a small native variety that has been given the common name of the wild European plum. (See the following name.) Fruit small, roundish-oblong; skin thick, dark red; clingstone; mid-season. The name is also applied in one locality or another to nearly all of the American species of plums as they grow wild.

=Sloe.= Spinosa. =1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 576. 1629. =2.= Ray _Hist. Plant._ 1529. 1688. =3.= Knoop _Fructologie_ =2=:63. 1771. =4.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:106. 1832.

_Blackthorn_ 4. Black Prunella 2. _Common Sloe_ 4. _Épine noire_ 4. _Petit prunallier_ 4. Pruneola 1. _Prunelle_ 3. _Prune Sauvage_ 3. _Prunus silvestris_ 3. _Prunus spinosa, foliis lanceolatis_ 3. _Prunelier_ 4. _Prunus spinosa_ 4. _Prunier èpineux_ 4. _Prunallier_ 4. Slee-Pruim 3. White Prunella 2. _White Blossomed Sloe_ 4.

See _Prunus spinosa_.

=Small Green Drying.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 153. 1831.

A variety under test in the garden of the London Horticultural Society.

=Small White Damson.= Insititia. =1.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:81. 1768. =2.= Kraft _Pom. Aust._ =2=:44, Tab. 198 fig. 1. 1796. =3.= Floy-Lindley _Guide Orch. Gard._ 300. 1846. =4.= Noisette _Man. Comp. Jard._ =2=:496. 1860. =5.= Mas _Le Verger_ =6=:127. 1866-73. =6.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 726. 1884. =7.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 427. 1889.

_Damas blanc petit_ 6, 7. Damascenen Mirabelle 7. Die Kleine Weisse Damascenerpflaume 2. _Kleine Weisse Damascene_ 7. _Klein Weisse Damassener Pflaume_ 5. Petit Damas Blanc 1, 5. _Petit Damas Blanc_ 2, 3, 7. _Prune Petit Damas Blanc_ 5. Prunier Damas à petit fruit blanc 4. Small White Damask 6. _Small White Damask_ 7. White Damask 3.

Probably a French variety. Tree of medium productiveness; shoots smooth; fruit small, roundish, inclining to ovate; stem medium in length, slender; skin yellowish, tinged with red on the sunny side; flesh yellow, firm, juicy, sweet and well flavored; freestone; mid-season; culinary.

=Smiley.= Munsoniana. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:80. 1892. =2.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Cat._ 40. 1899. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 188. 1901. =4.= _Ga. Sta. Bul._ =67=:281, 282. 1904.

Thought to have originated in Alabama. Tree vigorous with an open and spreading habit, very productive; fruit medium or above, roundish-oval to roundish-oblong; cavity shallow, rounded; suture a line; red with numerous small, yellow dots; skin tough; flesh yellow, soft; quality fair to good; stone medium, oval, somewhat flattened, clinging; mid-season.

=Smith.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894. =2.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =87=:18. 1901. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 164. 1901.

A seedling of Quaker grown by C. A. Smith, Caroline County, Maryland. Tree of straggling, open growth, vigorous and productive; fruit large, sometimes very large, roundish-oval to roundish-oblong; suture a line; apex rounded; cavity shallow, narrow; stem short and stout; yellow overspread with dark red; dots small, yellow; bloom heavy; skin thick, tough; flesh deep yellow, juicy, firm, sweet; good to best; stone large, oval, nearly free; medium early. Waugh says, “One of the best Americanas I ever saw.”

=Smith October.= Domestica. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 146. 1896.

A seedling grown by A. M. Smith, St. Catherines, Ontario. Fruit of medium size, slightly one-sided; suture obscure; black, somewhat mottled; bloom light; flesh dark yellow, firm, subacid; quality fair; stone small, globular with a deep hollow alongside a thickened margin.

=Smith Prolific.= Domestica. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2nd Ser. =3=:56. 1900. =2.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 433. 1905.

Under test at the Experimental Farm at Agassiz, British Columbia. Fruit medium in size, globular; cavity deep; stem short; suture distinct and terminating in a depression; yellowish with a purple-red cheek; bloom thin; flesh yellowish, juicy, sprightly; stone of medium size, clinging; mid-season.

=Smith Red.= Nigra? =1.= _Wis. Sta. Rpt._ =11=:345. 1894. =2.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:59, 60. 1897. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 171. 1901.

Smith’s Red 1, 2.

Sent to the Wisconsin Experiment Station in 1890 by I. F. Gale & Son, Waukesha, Wisconsin. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit large, round-oval; suture a line; stem short and stout, set in a shallow cavity; purplish-red, shading to orange; dots minute; bloom thin; skin thick with a very slight harshness; flesh yellow, firm, sweet; fair to good; stone large, oval, thin, clinging; mid-season.

=Snelling.= Nigra. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 136. 1894. =2.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ =43=:39. 1903.

Grown by W. H. Snelling, New Edinburgh, Ontario, about 1880 from a sprout of an old tree growing at Gatineau Point, Quebec. Fruit medium to large, usually round; stem an inch long, set in a round cavity; suture distinct; yellowish-red, mostly covered with darker red; bloom light; skin thin, tender, apt to crack when fully ripe, slightly astringent; flesh soft, very juicy, sweet; good; stone large, flat; mid-season.

=Snyder.= Americana. =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:288. 1900. =2.= Budd-Hansen _Am. Hort. Man._ 301. 1903.

A seedling of De Soto; originated in 1893 with J. A. Fairchild, Coggon, Linn County, Iowa. Tree vigorous, upright; fruit large, roundish, oblique-truncate; suture a line; apex depressed; stem stout set in a shallow cavity; light red with darker shades of red; dots large; bloom thin; flesh yellow, firm, brisk subacid; fair to good; stone large, oval, flat, clinging.

=Souris.= Nigra? =1.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 426. 1900.

Under test at Indian Head, Northwest Territory, Canada.

=South Cumberland.= Species? =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 151. 1891.

P. J. Berckmans of Augusta, Georgia, says in the above reference that this variety has been known for twenty-six or twenty-seven years in his section. Fruit golden yellow; very good.

=Southern Beauty.= Species? =1.= Wild Bros. _Cat._ 1892. =2.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894.

Tree peach-like in growth and general appearance; wholly barren; possibly the Blackman renamed; worthless.

=Southern Golden.= Species? =1.= _Ala. Sta. Bul._ =11=:12. 1890.

Noted in the preceding reference as a feeble grower; fruit medium in size, oblong, yellow, tender; quality best; early.

=Spanish Damask.= Domestica. =1.= Kraft _Pom. Aust._ =2=:129, Tab. 175 fig. 2. 1796. =2.= Forsyth _Treat. Fr. Trees_ 21. 1803. =3.= Willich _Dom. Enc._ =4=:300. 1803. =4.= Poiteau _Pom. Franc._ =1.= 1846. =5.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 693. 1884. =6.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 439. 1889.

_Damas d’Espagne_ 1, 6. Damas D’Espagne 5. Die Damaskpflaume aus Spanien 1. Liegel’s Spanische Damascene 6. Prune Damas D’Espagne 4. _Prunus hispanica_ 4. Spanish Damascene 2. _Spanish Damask_ 6. Spanish Red Damask 3.

Fruit small, roundish; suture shallow; cavity small; stem short; purplish-black; bloom thick; flesh yellow, tender, juicy, not rich; quality fair; freestone; mid-season.

=Spanish King.= Domestica. =1.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 355. 1878. =2.= _Ibid._ 145. 1880. =3.= _Mich. Sta. Bul._ =169=:243, 247. 1899. =4.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:279. 1900. =5.= Budd-Hansen _Am. Hort. Man._ 326. 1903.

_Rex_ 1, 2. Spanish 3.

Introduced into Marion County, Iowa, by John Laike, a German, under the name Rex, through cions obtained in 1872 from a Spanish consul. Several tests show this variety to be identical with the Lombard. If the origin given is correct, the belief that the Lombard is an old European variety is substantiated.

=Späte Zwetsche Von Karlstadt.= Species? Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 450. 1889.

=Speckled Gage.= Domestica. =1.= _N. Y. Sta. An. Rpt._ =7=:92. 1888.

Originated as a sucker from trees secured in Montreal by James Tobias. Fruit small, round, purplish, speckled with conspicuous dots; very sweet; good.

=Speer.= Americana. =1.= =Cornell Sta. Bul.= =38=:42. 1892. =2.= _Colo. Sta. Bul._ =50=:45. 1898. =3.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 305. 1898.

Found wild by J. A. Speer, Cedar Falls, Iowa. Tree small, very hardy, spreading, productive, apt to overbear; fruit medium or below, irregular-oval to oblong; suture distinct; cavity shallow; stem short, slender; purplish-red on a yellow ground; dots numerous, small; bloom heavy; flesh yellow, firm and sweet; good; stone large, oval, flat, ends blunt, semi-clinging; medium late.

=Spicer.= Munsoniana. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2nd Ser. =3=:56. 1900.

Originated with Charles Luedloff of Minnesota; according to the above reference of no value in British Columbia.

=Spilling Jaune-double.= Insititia. =1.= Knoop _Fructologie_ =2=:63. 1771.

Except in its larger size and poorer quality this variety closely resembles the White Wheat.

=Splendid.= Americana. =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:288. 1900. =2.= Kerr _Cat._ 6. 1900.

Found wild by I. K. Teeter near Magnolia, Harrison County, Iowa, in 1878; introduced by J. W. Kerr in 1900. Tree dwarfish, bears early, productive; fruit medium in size, dark red; skin tough; flesh yellow, very firm, sweet; good; semi-clinging; medium to late.

=Splendor.= Domestica. =1.= Burbank _Cat._ 15 fig. 1893. =2.= _Cal. State Bd. Hort. Rpt._ 47. 1897-98. =3.= _Am. Gard._ =21=:36. 1900. =4.= _U. S. D. A. Yearbook_ 274, Pl. XXXVI. 1903.

Cross-bred Prune A.P.-318 1.

Splendor was originated by Luther Burbank in 1886 from a cross between Pond and Agen. In 1893 it was sold under the name Cross-bred Prune A.P.-318 to Stark Brothers of Louisiana, Missouri, who introduced it the following year under its present name. The fruit is twice the size of Agen, ovoid, compressed, dark purple; bloom heavy; flesh yellow, rich, sweet; freestone; hangs well to the tree and ripens its crop all together.

=Spotted Gage.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 949. 1869.

Tree vigorous, very productive; fruit medium or above, oval; suture shallow; greenish-yellow shaded, mottled and splashed with crimson and lilac; dots numerous, light; bloom thin; flesh coarse, yellow, sugary, juicy, a little vinous; good; semi-clinging; mid-season.

=Springer.= Americana. =1.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =87=:8. 1901. =2.= _Wis. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 91, 94. 1901.

Found wild by Wm. A. Springer of Fremont, Wisconsin; sent to the Wisconsin Experiment Station in 1890 and named by Professor E. S. Goff. Tree productive; fruit of large size, deep purplish-red shading to yellow; dots numerous, yellow; bloom moderate; skin thick, tender, not harsh; flesh deep yellow, sweet and rich; stone large, thick margined, clinging; mid-season.

=Stabeler Seedling.= Species? =1.= Elliott _Fr. Book_ 429. 1854.

According to Elliott, an American variety; fruit medium in size, oval, greenish-yellow with white specks; flesh yellowish, adhering to the stone; mid-season.

=Standard.= Domestica. =1.= _Gard. Chron._ =13=:600. 1853. =2.= McIntosh _Bk. Gard._ =2=:533. 1855. =3.= _Ann. Pom. Belge_ =8=:25, Pl. 1860. =4.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 382. 1866. =5.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 429. 1889.

Etendard d’Angleterre 5. _L’Etendard De L’Angleterre_ 3. _Standard of England_ 5. Standard of England 1, 2, 4.

An English variety raised from seed about 1845 by Henry Dowling of Woolston. Fruit above medium size, obovate; suture shallow; stem medium; cavity small; bright red, shading to purplish-red; dots yellow; bloom thin, violet; flesh greenish, firm, juicy, brisk flavor; good; stone small, oval, nearly free; mid-season.

=Standard.= Domestica. =1.= Burbank _Cat._ 11. 1911.

This Standard is a cross between Tragedy and Sugar recently sent out by Luther Burbank. Professor E. J. Wickson of the College of Agriculture at Berkeley, California, describes it as follows: “Freestone, pit small ⅝ inch by ⅝ inch. Flesh yellowish, melting, fine-grained; very juicy and sweet; skin dark blue, sub-color dark red, medium texture.”

=Stark Green Gage.= Domestica. =1.= Bailey _Ann. Hort._ 196. 1891. =2.= Stark Bros. _Cat._ 1891.

Stark Green Gage is said to be a seedling of Missouri Green Gage; introduced by Stark Brothers in 1891. As tested at this Station both of these varieties are identical with Imperial Gage.

=Steinman.= Americana. =1.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:59. 1897. =2.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:288. 1900. =3.= _Ibid._ =114=:144. 1910.

Steinman No. 2, 3.

Of the type of Stoddard, originated in 1883 by C. Steinman, Mapleton, Iowa, from a mixed lot of seed of De Soto, Quaker and Forest Garden. Tree productive; fruit of medium size, oval, conical, one-sided; stem short; suture distinct; apex pointed; crimson with numerous dots; bloom thick; skin thin; flesh yellow, watery, sweet; good to very good; stone medium, oval, pointed; late.

=Stella.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 6. 1900. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 164. 190=1.=

Grown by Theodore Williams of Benson, Nebraska. Tree spreading, very productive; fruit large, globular, purplish-red; season medium.

=Steptoe.= Domestica. =1.= _Oregon Sta. Bul._ =45=:31. 1897. =2.= _Mich. Sta. Bul._ =152=:211. 1898. =3.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 548. 1901.

Originated with Calvin Throop near Steptoe Butte, Washington; introduced by George Purdy, Colfax, Washington. Tree upright, vigorous, bears every year; fruit resembles Italian Prune very much but is larger and ripens two weeks earlier; ovate, purple; bloom thin; flesh yellowish, juicy, sweet, pleasant.

=Sterling.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 12. 1898.

Cataloged by J. W. Kerr for three years; not described.

=Stickney.= Species? =1.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:60. 1897.

A tender-fleshed variety of the season and size of Rollingstone, grown by Franklin Johnson of Baraboo, Wisconsin.

=Stint.= Domestica. =1.= _Garden_ =52=:261. 1897. =2.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2nd Ser. =3=:56. 1900. =3.= _Garden_ =62=:133. 1902. 4. Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 450. 1889.

Stintpflaume 4.

Introduced by Thomas Rivers of Sawbridgeworth, England, in 1885. Tree dwarfish, very productive; fruit small, roundish, red or reddish-purple; flesh orange, juicy, sweet, fine; good; stone free; early.

=Stonewood.= Domestica. =1.= _Mag. Hort._ =9=:165. 1843.

Listed in the catalog of the London Horticultural Society. Fruit of medium size, roundish, purple; good; freestone; mid-season.

=Stout.= Domestica. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894.

An inferior blue variety originated by Mr. Stout of Kent County, Delaware; tested by J. W. Kerr.

=Strawberry.= Angustifolia watsoni. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:65. 1892. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 234. 1901.

Tree dwarf, symmetrical, much subject to twig-blight. Fruit small, roundish; cavity shallow; stem slender; skin thin, red; bloom thin; flesh yellow, soft; quality poor; stone roundish, clinging.

=Striped-leaved.= Domestica? =1.= Forsyth _Treat. Fr. Trees_ 21. 1803.

Mentioned by Forsyth as one of the sorts commonly grown in England in his time.

=Sucker State.= Hortulana. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:50, 87. 1892. =2.= _Col., O., Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 82. 1892. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 182. 1901.

The origin of this variety is not known, but it is thought to have come from Illinois. Tree vigorous, fairly productive; fruit medium or above, round-oblong; suture a line; cavity shallow; stem slender; dark red; dots numerous, small, yellow; bloom very thin or lacking; skin thick; flesh yellow, firm; good; stone of medium size, clinging; late.

=Suisse.= Domestica. =1.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:82. 1768. =2.= Forsyth _Treat. Fr. Trees_ 21. 1803. =3.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:63. 1832. =4.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 949. 1869. =5.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 726. 1884. =6.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 450. 1889.

_Altesse_ 3, 5, 6. La Prune Suisse 2. _Monsieur Tardif_ 4, 5, 6. _Monsieur Tardive_ 3, 4. _Prune d’Altesse_ 4, 6. _Prune de Monsieur Tardive_ 3. Prune Suisse 1. _Prune Suisse_ 3, 4. _Swiss Plum_ 3, 4, 6. Semiana 6. _Simiana_ 4. Schweizer Pflaume 6. _Switzer’s Plum_ 4, 5, 6.

An old European variety known under many names. In the French nurseries, it has been badly confused with the Blue Impératrice so common in England. Tree vigorous and productive; fruit small, oval, dark purple shading to dark red; bloom heavy; flesh greenish-yellow, juicy and melting; good; clingstone; late.

=Sultan.= Domestica. =1.= _Jour. Hort._ =21=:243. 1871. =2.= _Flor. and Pom._ 145. Pl. 1875. =3.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 727. 1884.

Raised by Thomas Rivers, Sawbridgeworth, England, from seed of Belle, about 1871. Tree vigorous, very productive; fruit medium to large, round with a deep suture; stem medium; cavity wide; deep red; bloom thick; flesh greenish-yellow, firm, juicy, brisk and pleasant; clingstone; early mid-season; said to be an excellent culinary plum.

=Sultaneck Erick.= Species? Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 451. 1889.

=Sunrise.= Domestica. =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 78. 1897.

Exhibited by C. C. Stirling, Grand Rapids, Michigan, at the meeting of the American Pomological Society in 1897. Fruit of medium size, round, yellow and lilac; of the Reine Claude type.

=Sunrise.= Americana. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 102. 1902. =2.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ =43=:32. 1903.

A seedling of De Soto from the Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Canada. Fruit large, oval; cavity narrow, shallow, abrupt; suture distinct, but not depressed; apex rounded; yellow more or less covered with bright red; dots few, yellow, distinct; bloom medium; skin thick, moderately tough; flesh deep yellow, juicy, sweet; good; stone large, flat, oval, free or nearly so; late.

=Sunset.= Americana. =1.= _Colo. Sta. Bul._ =50=:46. 1898. =2.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:289. 1900.

Originated by Charles E. Pennock of Bellevue, Colorado, in 1892. Tree vigorous, hardy, very productive; fruit large, oval or oblong; suture distinct; stem rather long, slender; deep red on a yellow ground, beautifully shaded; flesh firm, of excellent quality; mid-season.

=Surpasse Monsieur.= Domestica. =1.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:63. 1832. =2.= Noisette _Man. Comp. Jard._ =2=:498. 1860. =3.= _Le Bon Jard._ 341. 1882.

A hybrid between Monsieur and Jerusalem raised by M. Noisette of Paris; first fruited in 1819. Tree very vigorous; fruit above medium size, round, purplish-black; flesh yellow, a trifle harsh; excellent; mid-season.

=Svedske Tidlig Leipziger.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 153. 1831.

Grown in the gardens of the London Horticultural Society prior to 1831.

=Svedske Ungersk.= Domestica. Listed in _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 153. 1831.

=Swan.= Domestica. =1.= Rivers _Cat._ 35. 1898. =2.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2nd Ser. =3=:56. 1900.

Raised by Thomas Rivers of Sawbridgeworth, England. Tree very productive; fruit large, red; freestone; mid-season.

=Swan Golden.= Domestica. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2nd Ser. =3=:56. 1900. =2.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 548. 1901. =3.= _Ibid._ 433. 1905.

Swan 3. Swan’s Yellow 2.

Found only in the preceding reports. Fruit of medium size, roundish; suture distinct; cavity small; stem short; yellow; flesh yellow, juicy, sweet, tender; stone small, mid-season.

=Sweet Damson.= Insititia. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 146. 1831. =2.= _Mag. Hort._ =9=:163. 1843.

An English variety similar to Shropshire except in its sweetness.

=Swift.= Americana. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 119. 1904.

A seedling of De Soto grown at the Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Canada. Fruit large, broad-oval, much flattened; cavity narrow, shallow; suture a line; apex slightly flattened; yellow, mottled and washed with deep red; dots obscure; bloom light; skin thick, moderately tough; flesh pale yellow, juicy, sweet, pleasant; stone above medium, oval, almost free.

=Szillassy Piros.= Domestica. =1.= _Mich. Sta. Bul._ =152=:211. 1898.

Noted in the preceding reference as a variety imported from Hungary.

=Tardive de Corny.= Species? =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 451. 1889. =2.= _Guide Prat._ 155, 366. 1895.

This variety is a seedling grown by Victor Simon of Corny, Metz, France. Tree rather small in trunk, but forms a large head, regularly productive; fruit of medium size, roundish, clear yellow blushed with red; bloom thin; flesh yellow, firm, juicy, sweet and aromatic; good; late.

=Tardive de Fourqueux.= Species? =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 451. 1889.

Mathieu took his references from the _Journal de la Société Nationale et Centrale d’Horticulture de France_ 169. 1885.

=Tardive de Genes.= Domestica. =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 451. 1889. =2.= _Guide Prat._ 162, 366. 1895.

An Italian variety noted for its size, lateness and color. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit very large, roundish-oval, yellow; flesh firm, sour; very late.

=Tardive Musquee.= Domestica. =1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =2=:147. 1873. =2.= _Cat. Cong. Pom. France_ 370. 1887. =3.= _Rev. Hort._ 536, 561. 1893. =4.= Lucas _Vollst. Hand. Obst._ 470. 1894.

_Späte Muskateller Pflaume_ 4.

Originated by M. M. Baltet, a nurseryman at Troyes, France, about 1859. Tree weak, productive; fruit medium to above, round-oval with an indistinct suture, very deep purple; bloom thick; flesh greenish, melting, with aroma of musk; good; mid-season. This may be the Late Muskatelle of Lucas.

=Tarleton.= Cerasifera. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 21. 1897. =2.= _Vt. Sta. An. Rpt._ =13=:370. 1900.

Waugh says this variety, which comes from Georgia, is very similar to Early Cherry. Tree vigorous, spreading and irregular in growth; fruit small, round; suture indistinct; stem medium, set in a shallow cavity; red; bloom thin; flesh yellow, soft, sweet; quality fair; stone small, clinging; very early.

=Tatge.= Domestica. =1.= _Penin. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 12. 1892. =2.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 76. 1895. =3.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:289. 1900. =4.= Budd-Hansen _Am. Hort. Man._ 326. 1903. =5.= _Ohio Sta. Bul._ =162=:258. 1905.

Tatge is said to have originated at Belle Plains, Benton County, Iowa. In 1892, J. W. Kerr of Maryland mentioned this plum as a new variety, brought to notice about 1890. Tatge is so similar to the Lombard that many authorities have noted them as identical. J. L. Budd of Iowa considered it somewhat hardier and less subject to rot.

=Tawny.= Domestica. =1.= Ray _Hist. Plant._ =2=:1528. 1688.

Given by Ray in a list of the best sorts of plums cultivated in his time.

=Taybank.= Domestica. =1.= _Mag. Hort._ =12=:341. 1846. =2.= McIntosh _Bk. Gard._ =2=:532. 1855. =3.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 727. 1884.

Guthries Taybank 1, 2, 3.

Grown by Charles Guthrie, of Taybank, Dundee, Scotland; probably an offspring of Reine Claude. Fruit nearly large, ovate; suture faint; stem medium, inserted almost without a depression; greenish-yellow with specks of russety-red on the sunny side; flesh yellow, juicy, tender, melting, very sweet, approaching Reine Claude in flavor but not equal to that variety; clingstone; mid-season.

=Tecumseh.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 13. 1897. =2.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2nd Ser. =3=:52. 1900.

_Hughes Late_ 1.

J. W. Pool of Indiana who introduced this plum named it Hughes Late but later changed the name to avoid confusion with the variety named Hughes. Fruit medium in size, round, yellow mottled with bright red changing to coppery-red when fully ripe; clingstone; mid-season.

=Temple.= Species? =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Cat._ 1875-1899.

Listed by the American Pomological Society in its catalog from 1875 to 1899.

=Tenneha.= Species? Mentioned in _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:80. 1892.

=Tennessee.= Munsoniana. =1.= _Am. Jour. Hort._ =5=:148. 1869.

Tennessee Plum 1.

A strain of Wild Goose.

=Terrell.= Triflora ×? =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 249. 1903. =2.= _Glen. St. Mary Nur. Cat._ 1904.

A seedling of Excelsior from Jay Terrell, Hastings, Florida; introduced by the Glen St. Mary Nurseries, Glen St. Mary, Florida. Tree healthy, vigorous, similar to Excelsior, bears heavy crops annually; fruit medium to large, nearly round; suture a line; apex blunt; cavity medium in depth; stem short and slender; reddish-yellow, somewhat mottled and deepening to wine-red; dots minute, yellowish; skin thin, tough; flesh greenish-yellow, meaty, subacid, rich; excellent; stone small, broadly oval, turgid, clinging; ripens in June in the South.

=Terry.= Americana mollis. =1.= Stark Bros. _Cat._ 1896. =2.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:271. 1900. =3.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 224. 1902. =4.= _S. Dak. Sta. Bul._ =93=:40. 1905.

Free Silver 2. _Free Silver_ 1, 3, 4.

H. A. Terry of Crescent, Iowa grew this variety from seed of Van Buren; first fruited about 1896. Tree vigorous, upright, open; fruit large, regular, oval; cavity small, shallow; suture indistinct; dark red; dots small, gray; bloom thin; flesh yellow, firm but melting; good; stone large, oval, clinging; mid-season; ripens very evenly.

=Terry De Soto.= Americana. =1.= Terry _Cat._ 1900. =2.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:289. 1900.

Terry’s Desota 1.

A seedling of De Soto, grown by H. A. Terry. Tree vigorous, upright, productive; fruit large, golden-yellow overspread with light crimson, mottled with darker shades; flesh yellow, rich and sweet; clingstone; early.

=Texas Belle.= Munsoniana. =1.= _Ga. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 34, 57. 1888. =2.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:50. 1892. =3.= _Tex. Sta. Bul._ =32=:481. 1894.

_Belle_ 2. Paris Belle 1, 3.

Grown by Stephen H. Turner of Texas; introduced by Dr. W. W. Steele of Paris, Texas. Tree small, drooping, hardy and productive; fruit medium to large, roundish, light red; flesh yellow, firm, sweet and pleasant; stone short and turgid, clinging; last of June in Texas. Mentioned in the catalog of the American Pomological Society in 1897.

=Texas Gage.= Domestica. =1.= _Tex. Sta. Bul._ =32=:484. 1894.

Noted in the preceding reference as having been grown at the Texas Experiment Station.

=Thanksgiving.= Domestica. =1.= Green _Cat._ 8. 1902. =2.= _W. N. Y. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 25. 1904.

Thanksgiving Prune 1.

Thanksgiving originated with a Mr. Gridley of Chili, New York; introduced in 1902 by Charles A. Green of Rochester, New York. Fruit of medium size, oval; suture distinct; purplish-black; sweet; good; late; shrivels and keeps for some time after picking.

=Theresa.= Domestica? =1.= _U. S. D. A. Rpt._ 264. 1892. =2.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 74. 1895.

Originated at Bloomingburgh, Ohio; named for Mrs. Theresa M. Morris of that place. Tree bears heavily and regularly, hardy; fruit of medium size, roundish-oval, reddish-purple; bloom heavy; flesh yellowish-green, very mild, sweet; good; early.

=Thomas.= Domestica. =1.= _Mag. Hort._ =7=:388. 1841. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 315. 1845. =3.= _Mag. Hort._ =14=:155. 1848. =4.= Hovey _Fr. Am._ =1=:95. 1851. =5.= Oberdieck _Deut. Obst. Sort._ 439. 1881.

Thomaspflaume 5.

Found in the garden of Wm. Thomas of Boston for whom it was named by the Massachusetts Horticultural Society; first fruited about 1840. Tree vigorous, productive, bears early; fruit large, roundish-oval inclined to oblong; suture shallow with sides unequal; cavity small and narrow; stem medium, rather stout; deep amber mottled and shaded with soft red; dots white, numerous, bloom thin; flesh yellow; juicy, somewhat coarse with a mild pleasant flavor; quality medium; stone rather large, roundish-ovate, light in color, free; mid-season.

=Thomas October.= Domestica? =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 85. 1854.

Said to have originated in Upper Dublin Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania. Fruit medium in size, pale red; good.

=Thompsons Golden Green.= Species? =1.= _Country Gent._ =26=:238. 1865.

From R. O. Thompson, Nebraska. Fruit bronze or gold in color, dotted with red in the sun; very sweet, juicy; freestone.

=Thorndyke Gage.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 950. 1869.

Originated near Newburgh, New York. Tree moderately vigorous; fruit below medium size, roundish; suture slight; pale green; flesh greenish, juicy, sweet, pleasant; clingstone; good; mid-season.

=Thousand-and-one.= Munsoniana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 189. 1901.

Origin unknown. Fruit small, round; suture indistinct; cavity small; bright red with many small, conspicuous dots; flesh yellow, soft; stone small, oval, clinging; mid-season or earlier.

=Thresher.= Domestica. =1.= _Pioneer Nur. Cat._ 1900.

An improved strain of Agen grown by a Mr. Thresher of California.

=Throop.= Domestica. =1.= _Mich. Sta. Bul._ =152=:211. 1898. =2.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 547. 1901. =3.= _Mich. Sta. Sp. Bul._ =27=:16. 1904.

From George E. Ruedy, Colfax, Washington, in 1896. Tree vigorous, upright, productive; fruit of medium size, ovate; cavity small; suture shallow; dark purple; bloom thin; flesh yellow, firm, coarse, sweet, pleasant; quality fair; freestone; mid-season.

=Throop No. 1.= Domestica. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2nd Ser. =3=:57. 1900.

Tree vigorous, productive; fruit large, oval; suture broad, distinct; cavity usually lacking; red with thin bloom; flesh yellow, firm, juicy, sweet, rich; stone roundish, free; early.

=Throop No. 2.= Domestica. =1.= _Mich. Sta. Sp. Bul._ =27=:16. 1904.

Tree vigorous, unproductive; fruit large, roundish; sides unequal; suture broad; cavity small; reddish-purple; bloom heavy; dots few, yellow; flesh greenish-yellow, firm, a little coarse, sweet; good; stone semi-clinging; mid-season.

=Throssel.= Americana. =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:290. 1900.

Found wild on the Des Moines River by a Mr. Throssel, Pierson, Woodbury County, Iowa. Tree vigorous, hardy; fruit large; suture distinct; late.

=Tillemond.= Domestica. =1.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:93. 1832.

_Belle Tillemond_ 1. _Prunier de Tillemond_ 1.

Fruit very large, oval; cavity slight; stem large; light purple, with a darker cheek; flesh greenish, somewhat melting, sharp and acid, not pleasant; late.

=Tobias Gage.= Domestica. =1.= _N. Y. Sta. Rpt._ =12=:612. 1893.

Tobias Gage is a supposed seedling of Reine Claude received for testing at this Station in 1888 from J. T. Macomber, Grand Isle, Vermont. Tree moderately vigorous and productive; fruit below medium in size, oblate; suture and cavity shallow; dark coppery-yellow with a dull mottled red blush; bloom thin; flesh yellow, slightly fibrous, firm, sweet; quality good; stone small, semi-clinging; not equal to Reine Claude in appearance or quality.

=Togo.= Triflora. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 119. 1904.

A seedling of Red June from the Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Canada, from seed planted in 1895; named in honor of Admiral Togo. Fruit above medium, roundish; suture usually indistinct; cavity narrow, medium in depth, abrupt; yellow overlaid with deep red, with many small, inconspicuous dots; flesh yellow, firm, juicy, sweet; good; stone of medium size, oval, flattened, clinging.

=Tokeya.= _Prunus besseyi_ × Simonii. =1.= _S. Dak. Sta. Bul._ 108. 1908.

One of a lot of hybrids originated at the South Dakota Experiment Station, first fruiting in 1906. Fruit one and three-eighths inches in diameter, flat, dark red; flesh green, sprightly subacid, intermediate between that of the two parents; good; stone very small; early.

=Tomato.= Cerasifera. =1.= _Vt. Sta. An. Rpt._ =13=:370. 1900.

According to Waugh, a seedling of Pissardi, from A. L. Bruce, Basin Springs, Texas. Fruit small to medium, spherical; cavity shallow; stem short, slender; dark red; dots very minute; bloom thin; flesh soft, yellow; poor to fair; stone large, oval, flattened, clinging; mid-season.

=Tomlingson.= Species? =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:80. 1892.

Given by Bailey in a list of native plums.

=Towakong.= Rivularis. =1.= Bailey _Ev. Nat. Fruits_ 223. 1898.

_Creek_ 1. Rivularis 1.

The Indian name of _Prunus rivularis_.

=Trabesche.= Domestica. =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =28=:231. 1895. =2.= _Ibid._ =31=:348. 1895.

Trabeshe 2.

A Russian variety introduced into this country by Charles Gibb; tested at the Iowa Agricultural Experiment Station. Tree hardy, bears early; fruit large, oval, blue; quality best; freestone; mid-season.

=Transparente.= Species? =1.= Oberdieck _Deut. Obst. Sort._ 406. 1881. =2.= _Guide Prat._ 157, 366. 1895.

Durchsichtige 1. _Die Durchsichtige_ 2. _Frühe Gelbe Reine Claude_ 2.

Distinct from the English variety, Transparent. Fruit of medium size, oval clear greenish-yellow; flesh yellow, firm, juicy, aromatic; good; clingstone; early.

=Trapps Königspflaume.= Domestica. =1.= Oberdieck _Deut. Obst. Sort._ 423. 1881. =2.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 451. 1889.

Königspflaume von Trapp’s 1. _Royale de Trapp_ 2. _Von Trapp’s Königs Pflaume_ 2.

Produced by Liegel. Tree vigorous; fruit medium in size, oblate; suture shallow; halves equal or nearly so; stem with short hairs; cavity wide, deep; skin easily removed, sourish; bluish-black; dots fine, numerous, golden; bloom thick; flesh greenish-yellow, fine, juicy, sprightly, pleasant; freestone; ripens before the Reine Claude.

=Traubenpflaume.= Species? =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 451. 1889.

_Usum Erreck_ 1.

Reference found by Mathieu in _Obst-Garten_ 47. 1885.

=Trauttenberg.= Domestica. =1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =2=:81. 1873. =2.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 453. 1889.

_Die Zuckersüsse_ 2. _König Zwetsche_ 2. _Sucree de Trauttenberg_ 2. Sucree-Douce De Trauttenberg 1, 2. _Trauttenberg Zuckersüsse_ 1. Von Trauttenberg’s Zuckersüsse 2.

Originated in Bohemia; named in honor of Baron Trauttenberg, a zealous pomologist. Fruit medium in size, obovate and flattened; suture a line; skin brownish-purple; bloom thick; flesh yellowish-green, juicy, very rich, aromatic; excellent for dessert; stone rough, free; mid-season.

=Trianon.= Domestica. Listed in _Lond. Hort Soc. Cat._ 153. 1831.

=Trinkle No. 4.= Triflora. =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 135. 1905.