Chapter IV: The Minor Varieties of Plums (5)

=Jodoigne.= Domestica. =1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 367. 1866. =2.= _Ibid._ 708. 1884. =3.= Lucas _Vollst. Hand. Obst._ 472. 1894.

_Boulouf_ ?1. Jodoigne Green Gage 1, 2. _Reine-Claude de Jodoigne_ 1, 2. Reine-Claude von Jodoigne 3. _Royal de Vilvorde_ 1, 2.

Probably a Reine Claude seedling; tree large, vigorous; shoots smooth; fruit large, round, inclining to oblate, greenish-yellow, with brownish-red cheek; suture shallow; flesh whitish-yellow, firm, juicy, tender, sweet, rich; mid-season.

=Joe Hooker.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894. =2.= _Colo. Sta. Bul._ =50=:38. 1898. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 154. 1901.

Tree dwarfish; fruit of medium size, roundish-oval; cavity shallow; suture faint; red on a yellow ground; skin thick; flesh yellow; clingstone; late.

=John A.= Domestica. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 137. 1894. =2.= _Ont. Fr. Gr. Assoc. Rpt._ 72. 1894. =3.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:276. 1900.

A cross between Evelyn and Italian Prune; originated with Richard Trotter, Owen Sound, Ontario. Tree vigorous; fruit large, oval or egg-shape; cavity narrow; bronze-red; bloom heavy; flesh greenish-yellow, firm, juicy, subacid; stone large; clinging; hangs well.

=Johnny Roe.= Domestica. =1.= _Garden_ =53=:263. 1898.

An English variety propagated from suckers in Nottinghamshire.

=Jones.= Americana? =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:79. 1892. =2.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 334. 1894. =3.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:277. 1900.

Originated in 1880 with Mrs. Owen Jones, Crescent, Iowa, who planted the pits from a quart of “California plums” she had purchased; introduced by H. A. Terry about 1895. Tree upright, spreading, productive; fruit of medium size, oval; suture indistinct; dark red; bloom light; skin thick, tender; flesh firm, meaty; quality fair; stone smooth, not margined; clinging; mid-season.

=Jones Late.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894. =2.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:43. 1897.

Introduced by H. A. Terry. Tree productive; fruit large, oval, red; flesh firm; clingstone.

=Jordan Seedling.= Domestica. =1.= _Can. Hort._ =14=:329. 1891.

Supposed to be a seedling of Yellow Egg; originated with F. Jordan of Goderich, Ontario. The variety resembles Hulings so closely as to be almost indistinguishable.

=Judson.= Domestica. =1.= Thomas _Am. Fr. Cult._ 342. 1849. =2.= Elliott _Fr. Book_ 427. 1854.

Originated in Lansingburgh, New York, some time in the early “forties.” Fruit small, roundish; suture indistinct; cavity small; attractive pink; flesh juicy, rich, vinous; quality high; freestone; season just before Reine Claude.

=Julia.= Americana. =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:277. 1900. =2.= Terry _Cat._ 1900.

_Edith_ of Terry 1.

A seedling from H. A. Terry in 1896. Tree productive; fruit large, round, yellow striped with light red; flesh firm; clingstone; mid-season.

=Julian.= Triflora. Noted in Sweet _Cat._ 1907.

=Julien Gros á Feuilles Panachees.= Domestica. Mentioned in _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 149. 1831.

=July Fourth.= Domestica? × Triflora × Americana. =1.= _Rural N. Y._ =59=:655 fig. 1900.

A second generation seedling from Luther Burbank; said to rank very high in quality.

=July Green Gage.= Domestica. =1.= _Jour. Hort._ =9=:128. 1865. =2.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 360, 367. 1866. =3.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 926. 1869. =4.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =2=:99. 1873. =5.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 437. 1889. =6.= _Guide Prat._ 152, 363. 1895.

Bavay’s Early Gage? 1. _Bavay’s Frühe Reine-Claude_ 4, 6. _Early Bavay_ 3, ?5. Early Green Gage? 2. _Frühe Reine-Claude_ 6. Juli Reine-Claude 5. _Julius Reine-Claude_ 5. _July Green Gage_ 4, 5. Reine-Claude Davion 4, 6. _Reine-Claude de Bavay Hâtive_ 2, 3, 4, 6. _Reine-Claude de Juillet_ 6. _Reine-Claude Hâtive_ 5, of some 6. _Reine-Claude Hâtive d’Avion_ 6. _Reine-Claude Hâtive de Bavay_ 6. _Reine-Claude Bavay Hâtive?_ 5.

July Green Gage was introduced into France from Normandy about the middle of the last century by a M. Davion. Tree productive; fruit of medium size, roundish; suture slight; stem short; cavity narrow, deep; yellowish-green sometimes spotted with red; bloom thin; flesh greenish-yellow, juicy, aromatic, sweet; very good; freestone; very early.

=Jumelles.= Domestica. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 432. 1905.

Fruit of medium size, roundish; suture distinct; greenish streaked with yellow; flesh juicy, sweet, rich; stone small, semi-clinging; early.

=Jumelles de Liegel.= Domestica. =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 439. 1889. =2.= _Guide Prat._ 160, 358. 1895.

_Jumelles de Liegel_ 1. Liegel’s Zwillingspflaume 1. _Liegel’s Zwillingspflaume_ 2.

Tree productive; fruit large, roundish, red; flesh yellow, juicy, sweet, vinous; good; late.

=Kaga.= Americana × Simonii. =1.= _Circ. S. Dak. Exp. Sta._ 1910.

Introduced in 1910 by the originator, N. E. Hansen, of the South Dakota Experiment Station. It is a cross between _Prunus simonii_ and some Americana.

=Kaiser Wilhelm.= Domestica. =1.= Oberdieck _Deut. Obst. Sort._ 407. 1881. =2.= _Gard. Chron._ =26=:717. 1886. =3.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 428. 1889.

_Bamberger Eier Pflaume_ 3 incor. _Blaue Eier_ 3 incor. _Dark Blue Egg_ 2. _Dunkelblaue Eierpflaume_ 1. Dunkleblaue Eierpflaume 3. _Liegel’s Marokko?_ 3. _Rodt’s Grosse Früh Pflaumen-Zwetsche_ 3. _Ungarische Blaue Eier_ 3.

A plum very well known in Germany. Tree large, productive; fruit large, oval; skin thick, not adherent, tough, somewhat sour, bluish-black; flesh yellowish, juicy, slightly sweet; clingstone.

=Kampeska.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894. =2.= _Colo. Sta. Bul._ =50=:38. 1898.

Tree productive, slow and stocky in growth; fruit small to medium, round; stem of medium length, thick; skin thick, purplish-red; bloom heavy; of medium quality; clingstone.

=Kanawha.= Hortulana. =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 136. 1875. =2.= _Ga. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 24. 1881. =3.= _Rev. Hort._ 535. 1893. =4.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 180, 181. 1901.

_Canawa_ 1. _Peach-leaved_ 2. _Prune Kanawa_ 3. _Rains_ 1.

Introduced by P. J. Berckmans who had received it from J. S. Downer of Kentucky in 1871. Fruit of medium size, oval; suture a line; dots many, white; bright red with a thin bloom; skin firm; flesh firm, meaty, sprightly; good; clingstone; season late; mentioned in the catalogs of the American Pomological Society from 1875 to 1899.

=Kazan.= Domestica. =1.= _Mich. Sta. Rpt._ 111. 1887.

A foreign plum listed by the Michigan Experiment Station.

=Keindt.= Domestica. =1.= Oberdieck _Deut. Obst. Sort._ 444. 1881.

Keindt’s Frühdamascene 1.

A German variety noted as unproductive on dry soil.

=Keith.= Americana. =1.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 436. 1888. =2.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:277. 1900. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 155. 1901.

Kieth 3.

Of the De Soto type, from Delaware County, Iowa, previous to 1888. Fruit large, roundish-oblong; cavity shallow; stem short, thick; skin thin; orange overlaid with red; bloom thin; flesh yellow, firm, sweet, not juicy; good to best; stone large, flattened, clinging; mid-season; does not thrive in the South.

=Kelbalan.= Triflora × Cerasifera. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1899.

Kelsey No. 3.

Grown by Theodore Williams of Benson, Nebraska, from a seed of Kelsey pollinated with Early Cherry. Tree somewhat like Myrobalan; fruit large, roundish-conic, yellow shaded with red; clingstone; good.

=Kelley.= Species? =1.= Van Lindley _Cat._ 1899.

Originated in South Carolina; introduced by R. Bates of Jackson, South Carolina. Tree prolific; fruit medium in size, yellow; good; early.

=Kelmyro.= Triflora × Cerasifera. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1899.

Kelsey No. 1.

From Theodore Williams of Benson, Nebraska; from seed of Kelsey, pollinated with Early Cherry. Very productive; fruit medium, round, pointed, dark red on a yellow ground; stone small, clinging; mid-season.

=Kelroba.= Triflora × Cerasifera. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1899.

Kelsey No. 2.

The same origin as Kelmyro. Tree vigorous, upright, productive; fruit above medium, round, pointed, yellow overlaid with light red; high flavor; stone small, clinging.

=Kelsaw.= Triflora × Munsoniana. =1.= _Vt. Sta. An. Rpt._ =14=:271. 1901.

An accidental cross between Kelsey and a “Chicasaw;” from A. M. Augustine, West Point, Mississippi. Tree a rapid and thrifty grower. Fruit the size of Abundance, round-oval; stem an inch long; suture shallow; apex rounded; brilliant transparent red; dots minute; bloom thin; skin thin and tough; flesh yellow with pink markings, firm, sweet and rich; good to very good; clingstone; early.

=Kelsey Prune.= Domestica. Mentioned in Wild Bros. _Cat._ 1892.

=Kelso.= Domestica? =1.= Vandevoort _Cat._

Kelso is a yellow plum found about 1870 on the farm of Philip Cline of Sabina, Ohio. Peter Kelso, who afterwards purchased the Cline farm, brought the plum to J. M. Vandevoort, who introduced it about twenty-five years ago.

=Kenellan.= Domestica. Listed in _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 149. 1831.

=Kennedy Red.= Species? =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2d Ser. =3=:53. 1900.

A weak-growing and unproductive variety tested in British Columbia. Fruit small, long-oval; suture distinct; cavity small; dull red with a thin white bloom and golden dots; flesh yellow, sweet, coarse, moderately juicy; pleasant; clingstone; of no value.

=Kent.= Domestica. =1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 689. 1884. =2.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 424. 1889. =3.= _Garden_ =56=:355. 1899. =4.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2d Ser. =3=:50. 1900.

_Bush_ 1. Bush 2. _Bush Plum of Kent_ 4. _Kentish Bush_ 3. _Waterloo_ 1, 2. _Waterloo of Kent_ 2.

Found in a hedge at Boben, England in 1836. Tree hardy, strong, very productive, fruit large, round; skin dark maroon; flesh firm; flavor fair; fruit keeps three weeks after being gathered; valuable for market.

=Kenyon.= Species? =1.= _Mich. Sta. Rpt._ 111. 1887.

Listed as a native plum being tested at the Michigan Experiment Station.

=Kester Green Gage.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 926. 1869.

Kester’s Green Gage 1.

Originated with a Mr. Weaver of Mt. Pleasant, Pennsylvania. Fruit small, nearly round, one side enlarged; suture large; pale yellowish-green, splashed with deeper green; bloom thin; stem medium in length; cavity large; flesh greenish, juicy, sweet, rich; very good; semi-clinging.

=Kester Yellow Gage.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 926. 1869.

Kester’s Yellow Gage 1.

Of the same origin as Kester Green Gage. Tree vigorous, upright with smooth branches; fruit medium in size, roundish-oval; suture broad and shallow; light yellow overspread with thick bloom; stem medium; cavity small; flesh greenish-yellow, juicy, sweet, rich; very good; semi-clinging.

=Kicab.= Species? =1.= _U. S. D. A. Pom. Rpt._ 45. 1895. =2.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 46. 1897.

A seedling grown by Benjamin Buckman, Farmingdale, Illinois. Fruit medium, roundish-oval; skin thick, crimson with dark purplish stripes, covered with thick bloom; dots numerous, variable; flesh yellow, tender, melting, juicy, mild subacid; good to very good; stone large, oval, clinging; early.

=Kickapoo.= Americana. =1.= _Penn. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 52. 1892. =2.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:39, 86. 1892. =3.= _Ohio Sta. Bul._ =162=:256, 257. 1905.

Tree an open, straggling grower, very productive; fruit of medium size, oblong to oval; cavity medium; stem short to medium, stout; suture faint; dull red mottled with deeper shades; bloom heavy; flesh yellow, firm; good; stone of medium size, clinging; mid-season; recommended for market.

=King.= Munsoniana. =1.= _Am. Jour. Hort._ =5=:148. 1869.

King of Plums 1.

A seedling of the Wild Goose which it closely resembles.

=Kingston.= Domestica. =1.= Ellwanger & Barry _Cat._ 1888-1894. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 112. 1901.

_Smith’s Prune_ 1.

Kingston closely resembles Diamond; its origin in Ontario, Canada, is about all that distinguishes it.

=Kleine Blaue Frühzwetsche.= Domestica? Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 437. 1889.

=Kleine Gelbe Eierpflaume.= Domestica. Listed in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 437. 1889.

=Kleine Kirschpflaume.= Cerasifera. Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 437. 1889.

_Prunus Cerasifera Fructu Minore._

=Kleine Rosspauke.= Species? =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 437. 1889.

Mathieu records this variety as mentioned in _Wiener Garten-Zeitung_ 288. 1884.

=Klondike.= Americana. =1.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:44. 1897. =2.= _Ill. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 242. 1898. =3.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:277. 1900.

Klondyke 2, 3.

Grown by John Wragg & Sons, Waukee, Iowa, from seed of De Soto; introduced in 1897 by W. F. Heikes, Huntsville, Alabama. Tree productive; fruit medium to small, roundish-oval; cavity narrow, deep; suture a broad line; skin thin, bright yellow shading into red; bloom thin; dots numerous, small; flesh yellowish, sweetish, watery; quality fair; stone small, clinging; early.

=Knudson.= Americana. =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 162. 1891. =2.= _N. Dak. Sta. Bul._ =2=:18. 1891. =3.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:44. 1897.

Kniedsen’s Peach 1. Knudson’s Peach 3. Peach 2.

Grown by H. Knudson, Springfield, Minnesota. Tree unproductive; fruit drops before ripe; of medium size, roundish, purplish-red; flesh sweet; clingstone; mid-season. Subject to plum-pocket.

=Koa.= Domestica. Mentioned in Forsyth _Treat. Fr. Trees_ 21. 1803.

Koa’s Imperial.

=Kober.= Americana. =1.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 228. 1909.

Kober originated with N. K. Fluke, Davenport, Iowa. Fruit large, mottled and blushed with red; bloom rather thick; flesh moderately firm, sweetish; fair in quality; clingstone; mid-season.

=Koch Königspflaume.= Species? Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 437. 1889.

_Karl Koch’s Königs Pflaume. Royale de Koch. Royale du Dr. Koch._

=Koch Späte Damascene.= Domestica. =1.= _Mas Pom. Gen._ =2=:161. 1873. =2.= Oberdieck _Deut. Obst. Sort._ 403. 1881. =3.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 437. 1889.

_Damas Jaune Tardif de Koch_ 3. Damas Tardif de Kock 1. _Koch’s Gelbe Spät Damascene_ 3. _Koch’s Späte Aprikosen_ 3. _Koch’s Späte Damascene_ 2. Koch’s Späte Damascene 3.

Liegel grew this variety from seed of Bricette and dedicated it to Koch, secretary of a horticultural society at Gotha. Tree medium, round-topped; fruit below medium, roundish-oval; suture a line; cavity shallow; stem short, slender, glabrous; skin free, yellow spotted with red on the sunny side; flesh yellow, fine, firm, juicy, sweet, rich; freestone; late.

=Koepher.= Species? =1.= _Gard. Mon._ =10=:18. 1868.

Noted as productive and free from curculio.

=Kohlenkamp.= Domestica. =1.= _Gard. Mon._ =2=:313. 1860. =2.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 122. 1860.

Kohlen Kamp 1.

A seedling raised by W. Kohlenkamp, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Tree vigorous, very productive; fruit borne in clusters, large, oval; stem short; cavity deep; reddish; bloom thin; flesh yellow, firm, dry; good; freestone; late.

=Kopp.= Americana. =1.= _U. S. D. A. Rpt._ 441. 1889. =2.= _Colo. Sta. Bul._ =50=:39. 1898. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 155. 1901.

Introduced by O. M. Lord, Minnesota City, Minnesota. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit large, round; skin thick; purplish-red; flesh firm, sweet; clingstone; mid-season.

=Korai.= Domestica. =1.= _U. S. D. A. Pom. Rpt._ 26. 1894. =2.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 176. 1895.

_Quetsche_ 1, 2.

Received from Hungary by the United States Department of Agriculture in 1893. Tree vigorous; fruit below medium, oblong-ovate; sides unequal; skin thick, tough; purple with numerous small, brown dots; flesh yellowish-green, coarse, melting; subacid; good; stone of medium size, narrow, pointed, clinging; mid-season.

=Kroos-Pruim.= Species? =1.= Knoop _Fructologie_ =2=:58. 1761.

Originated in Holland. Fruit of varying colors and sizes, round; insipid, watery. Propagated by pits. Useful only as a stock.

=Kume.= Triflora. =1.= _Am. Gard._ =12=:449. 1891.

An early variety.

=Lachine.= Domestica. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ =43=:38. 1903.

Similar to Yellow Egg; hardy; productive; good; clingstone.

=Lady.= Insititia. =1.= _Cultivator_ =3=:20. 1855.

Lady Plum 1.

A seedling of Mirabelle from Isaac Denniston, Albany, New York. Tree slender, vigorous, productive; fruit small, oval; stem short, stout; light yellow, with red spots; stone small, free; mid-season.

=Lakeside No. 1= and =No. 2.= Hortulana. Letter from Kerr.

Two seedlings from Theodore Williams, Benson, Nebraska.

=Lallinger Königspflaume.= Domestica. Listed in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 438. 1889.

=Lambert.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1897. =2.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2d Ser. =3=:53. 1900.

Labert 1. _Labert’s Red_ 1. _Lambert’s Red_ 2.

A seedling from Ontario, Canada. Tree weak; foliage poor; fruit small, heart-shaped; stem short; cavity lacking; suture a line; reddish; bloom thin; flesh reddish-orange, juicy; poor; stone large, clinging; mid-season.

=Lammas.= Domestica. =1.= Ray _Hist. Plant._ =2=:1529. 1688. =2.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 149. 1831.

Mentioned by Ray as being one of the best sorts of his time.

=Lancaster.= Munsoniana × Hortulana mineri? =1.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 186. 1901.

Grown by Charles B. Camp of Cheney, Nebraska, from a seed of Wild Goose supposed to have been crossed with Miner.

=Lang.= Americana. =1.= _S. Dak. Sta. Bul._ =93=:21. 1905.

_Rang_ 1.

Sent to the South Dakota Station by C. W. H. Heideman of Minnesota. Tree vigorous, straggling in growth; fruit large, yellowish; skin thin; flesh sweet, juicy; good; stone small; keeps well; mid-season.

=Langdon.= Domestic. =1.= _Mag. Hort._ =19=:461 fig. 36. 1853. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 386. 1857. =3.= _Ibid._ 927. 1869.

Langdon’s Seedling 2. _Langdon’s Seedling_ 3.

Originated with Reuben Langdon of Hartford, Connecticut; believed to be a seedling of Washington. Tree vigorous, spreading; shoots strong, smooth; leaves large; fruit large, roundish-oval; suture a line; purplish-red to light green in the shade with some mottling; bloom thick; dots small; stem of medium length, stout, hairy; cavity deep; flesh yellow, melting, juicy, sweet, acid next to the skin; semi-clinging; early.

=Lange Violette Damascene.= Species? Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 438. 1889.

_Blaue Damascenerin._ _Damas Violet?_. _Damas Violet Allonge._ _Damas Violet Longuet._ _Das Blaue Auge._ _Langliche Blaue Damascene?_. _The Great Damask Plum._

=Langsdon.= Hortulana mineri. =1.= _Am. Jour. Hort._ =5=:144. 1869. =2.= Barry _Fr. Garden_ 418. 1883. =3.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:56. 1892.

_Illinois Plum_ 1. _Langdon_ 2.

Grown in Illinois previous to 1869. Tree medium in vigor; leaves obovate or elliptic-obovate, pointed, with small glands; fruit small, roundish-oblong, light red; bloom thin; skin thick; flesh firm; quality fair; stone clinging, small, nearly smooth, turgid, short, pointed; mid-season or later.

=Lannix.= Triflora × Munsoniana. =1.= _U. S. D. A. Pom. Rpt._ 45. 1895. =2.= _Vt. Sta. Bul._ =67=:15. 1898.

Supposed to have been produced from Abundance crossed with Wild Goose. Leaves large, oval, pointed, leathery; petiole short, stout, usually glandless; fruit oval, of medium size, coppery-red; bloom light; skin thin, tough, bitter; flesh yellowish, translucent, tender, juicy, slightly fibrous, mild subacid, rich, slightly bitter at the center; good; stone large, oval, clinging.

=La Prairie.= Americana. =1.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:44. 1897. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 155. 1901.

Taken from the woods about 1844 at Shopiere, Wisconsin; brought to notice by B. H. Smith. Tree productive; fruit large, golden, slightly astringent.

=Large English Damson.= Insititia. Mentioned in _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2d Ser. =3=:51. 1900.

=Large Golden Prolific.= Domestica. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2d Ser. =3=:53. 1900. =2.= Albertson & Hobbs Cat. 1904. =3.= Stone & Wellington _Cat._ 1907.

_Vail’s Seedling_ 3.

Originated in Canada; a seedling of Yellow Egg. Tree vigorous, spreading; fruit above medium size, oblong, golden-yellow; flesh yellow, juicy, sweet, pleasant; early.

=Large Green Drying.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 149. 1831. =2.= _Mag. Hort._ =6=:94. 1840. =3.= Thompson _Gard. Ass’t_ 518. 1859. =4.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 927. 1869. =5.= Mas. _Pom. Gen._ =2=:191. 1873. =6.= _Guide Prat._ 163, 366. 1895.

_Grosse à sécher de Knight_ 6. _Knight’s Green Drying_ 5, 6. _Knight’s Large Drying_ 4, 6. _Knight’s Large Green Drying_ 3. _Large Green Drying_ 6. Verte à Secher de Knight 5, 6.

Raised by Thomas Knight; first fruited in 1838. Fruit large, round; suture shallow; greenish-yellow; bloom thin; flesh yellowish, firm, medium juicy, sweet and well flavored; excellent for dessert; clingstone; mid-season.

=Large Queen.= Domestica. =1.= _U. S. D. A. Pom. Rpt._ 26. 1894. =2.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 176. 1895.

Imported from Hungary by the United States Department of Agriculture in 1893 and fruited by E. C. Hoskins of Springbrook, Oregon. Fruit of medium size, roundish-oblate, dark wine color; bloom light; dots many, conspicuous; skin thick; flesh greenish-yellow, coarse, mild subacid; good; clingstone; mid-season.

=Large Sugar Prune.= Domestica. =1.= Koch _Deut. Obst._ 572. 1876. =2.= Lange _Allgem. Garten._ =2=:421. 1879. =3.= Oberdieck _Deut. Obst. Sort._ 440. 1881. =4.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 434. 1889.

_Ananas Zwetsche_ 4 incor. _Bely Zwetsche_ 4. _Blaue Eier Pflaume_ 4. Dörell’s Grosse Ungarische Pflaume 4. Grosse Zuckerzwetsche 3, 4. _Herrenhäuser Blaue Eier Pflaume_ 4. _Jacobi Zwetsche_ 4. _Kladrauer Pflaume_ 4. _Quetsche Sucree_ 4.

An early German prune used for table, market and drying. Tree large, broad-headed, productive; shoots pubescent, straight, dark brown; fruit large, oval, sometimes ovate; suture shallow; sides unequal; stem long, glabrous; skin free, sour, bluish-black; bloom thick; flesh yellow, firm, juicy, rich, sweet; freestone.

=Large White Damson.= Insititia. =1.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:72, Pl. 3 fig. 2. 1768. =2.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:88. 1832. =3.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 952. 1869. =4.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 709. 1884. =5.= _Guide Prat._ 161, 357. 1895.

_Damas Blanc_ 3, 4. _Damas Blanc Gros_ 2, 3. _Damas Blanc Hâtif Gros_ 3, 4. _Damas Blanc Tres Hâtif_ 4. _Damas Gros Blanc_ 5. _Gros Damas Blanc_ 2, 4. Gros Damas Blanc 1, 5. Large White Damask 4. _Large White Damask_ 2. White Damask 3.

Probably of French origin; resembles the Small White Damson closely but is larger and longer. Branches smooth; fruit below medium, roundish-oval, greenish-yellow; bloom thin; flesh medium in sweetness and flavor; adapted for cooking; freestone; late.

=Late Black Damson.= Insititia. =1.= Quintinye _Com. Gard._ 70. 1699. =2.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:73. 1768. =3.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:89. 1832. =4.= Noisette _Man. Comp. Jard._ =2=:495. 1860.

_Black Damson_ 3. _Damas Noir_ 3. Damas Noir Tardif 2, 4. _Damas Noir Tardif_ 3. Late Damask? 1.

Fruit small, elongated, purplish-black; cavity shallow; suture a line; flesh yellowish-green, acid until thoroughly ripe; nearly freestone.

=Late Blood.= Triflora. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =62=:23. 1894. =2.= _Ibid._ =106=:56. 1896.

_Burbank No. 3_ 1, 2. _Hale_ 2. Hale 1.

Luther Burbank imported this variety in 1885; Bailey named it Hale in 1894 but changed it to Late Blood two years later. Similar to Satsuma; later, blooms earlier, is less pointed and differs in leaf-characters.

=Late Bolmer.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 404. 1857. =2.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 439. 1889.

_Winter Bolmar_ 2.

Fruit of medium size, roundish, yellow, mottled with red in the sun; flesh yellow, firm, sweet but not rich; freestone; mid-season.

=Late Chalons.= Domestica. =1.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:99. 1832. =2.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 450. 1889.

_Tardif de Chalons_ 1. _Tardive de Chalons_ 1, 2. Späte von Chalons 2.

Fruit of medium size, oval, light yellow with red blush, deepening to violet; flesh yellowish, melting, juicy, sweet; stone rough, clinging; very late.

=Late Conical.= Triflora × Simonii. =1.= _Vt. Sta. Bul._ =67=:16 fig. 1898.

Originated by Burbank; named in 1898. Tree of rapid growth; leaves medium to large, broadly oval, abruptly pointed, tapering at the base, rather stiff, margins coarsely double-crenulate; petiole large, set with glands; fruit strongly conical, large; cavity shallow, abrupt; stem short; suture shallow; yellow overlaid with purple and red; dots numerous, large; bloom heavy; skin medium in thickness; flesh yellow, firm, sweet and agreeable; very good; stone of medium size, flattened, pointed, free.

=Late Goose.= Munsoniana. =1.= Stark Bros. _Cat._ 1909.

From Theodore Williams of Nebraska. Fruit very large; handsome.

=Late Orange.= Domestica. =1.= _Gard. Chron._ =12=:593. 1892. =2.= _Garden_ =64=:262. 1903. =3.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 423. 1903.

Late Orange originated with Thomas Rivers, Sawbridgeworth, England, first fruiting in 1888; introduced by the originator in 1897. Tree vigorous; fruit similar to Reine Claude in size and appearance; flesh yellow, juicy, sweet; very good; season very late.

=Late Prolific.= Domestica. =1.= _Fish Hardy Fr. Bk._ =2=:56. 1882. =2.= Rivers _Cat._ 35. 1898-99. =3.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 423. 1903.

River’s Late Prolific 1.

A seedling of Early Prolific. Tree vigorous; fruit below medium size, round; suture shallow; stem of medium size; cavity lacking; dark purple; bloom heavy; flesh greenish-yellow, juicy; flavor pleasant; stone small; early to mid-season.

=Late Red Damask.= Domestica. =1.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:85. 1832. =2.= Kenrick _Am. Orch._ 261. 1832. =3.= Poiteau _Pom. Franc._ 1. 1846.

_Damas rouge tardif_ 1. _Gros Damas rouge tardif_ 1. Gros Damas Rouge Tardif 2, 3. _Large Late Red Damask_ 2. _Late Red Damson_ 1.

According to Kenrick and Prince this variety was described in the 1825 edition of Duhamel’s _Traité des Arbres Fruitiers_. Its description resembles that of Orleans very closely but its season is evidently later. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit large, oval; skin thick, adherent to the flesh, light purple; flesh yellow, melting, slightly coarse, juicy, sweet; good; late.

=Late Reine Claude.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 148. 1831. =2.= _Horticulturist_ =2=:479. 1847. =3.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 395. 1857. =4.= _Ibid._ 935. 1869. =5.= _Guide Prat._ 162, 364. 1895.

_Late Gage_ 4. Late Green Gage 1. _Late Green Gage_ 4. _October Green Gage_ ?2. October Green Gage 4. _Reine-Claude d’Octobre_ ?2, 4. Reine-Claude d’October 3. _Reine-Claude Tardive_ 4. Reine-Claude Tardive 2, 4.

First mentioned in the London Horticultural Society catalog in 1831. Origin unknown. Tree vigorous; shoots smooth, stout, short-jointed; fruit small, roundish; apex dimpled; skin greenish-yellow, mottled with red on the sunny side; bloom thin; flesh green, juicy, rich, sugary; good; freestone; late.

=Late Rivers.= Domestica. =1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 369. 1866. =2.= Nicholson _Dict. Gard._ =3=:166. =3.= Thompson _Gard. Ass’t_ =4=:158. 1901. =4.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 439. 1889.

_Tardive de Rivers_ 4.

A seedling from Thomas Rivers of Sawbridgeworth, England; first fruited in 1865. Branches smooth; fruit of medium size, round; suture shallow; stem long, slender; dark purple; flesh yellow, rich, sweet, sugary; flavor pleasant; clingstone; very late.

=Late Rollingstone.= Americana. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:39, 42. 1892. =2.= _Colo. Sta. Bul._ =50=:39. 1898. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 155. 1901.

A seedling of Rollingstone, grown by O. M. Lord of Minnesota. Tree medium in vigor, with a round, compact head; leaves obovate-oblong, short-acuminate, irregularly crenate; shoots red, smooth, glossy; petioles glandular, pubescent; fruit medium in size, roundish-oblate; cavity shallow; suture faint; yellow background overlaid with red; stem of medium length; dots numerous, yellow; bloom thick; skin thick; flesh yellow, firm; fair to good; stone of medium size, broad-oval, smooth, flattened; late.

=Late Transparent.= Domestica. =1.= Nicholson _Dict. Gard._ =3=:167. =2.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =131=:188. 1897. =3.= Thompson _Gard. Ass’t_ =4=:158. 1901.

Late Transparent Gage 1.

A seedling of Transparent from Thomas Rivers of Sawbridgeworth, England. Tree dwarf, hardy, productive; fruit large, round, greenish-yellow, with purplish blush in the sun; flesh yellowish, firm, tender, juicy, sweet; high quality; stone very small; season ten days later than its parent.

=Laubinger Sugar Prune.= Domestica. =1.= Oberdieck _Deut. Obst. Sort._ =441.= 1881. =2.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 439. 1889.

_Laubinger’s Catharinen Pflaume_ 2. Laubinger’s Zuckerzwetsche 1, 2.

From Germany. A true prune of value for table, compotes and drying. Tree vigorous, productive; shoots glabrous, violet-brown; fruit large, long-oval; suture shallow or lacking, divides the plum equally; stem not hairy; skin free, sourish; violet-brown to bluish-black; bloom thin; flesh yellow, firm, rather juicy, slightly tart; mid-season.

=Laura.= Species? =1.= _Vt. Sta. An. Rpt._ =14=:271. 1901.

From Theodore Williams, Nebraska; said to be a cross between Quackenboss and Red Glass. Tree apparently a pure Americana according to Mr. Williams.

=Lawrence Early.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 149. 1831. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 928. 1869. =3.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 439. 1889.

Lawrence 1. _Lawrence’s Early_ 1. Lawrence’s Early 2, 3. _Lawrence’s Früh Rote Pflaume_ 3.

This plum differs from the well-known American variety, Lawrence, in that it is smaller, of poorer quality, purple and earlier.

=Lawson.= Domestica. =1.= McIntosh _Bk. Gard._ =2=:531. 1855. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 928. 1869. =3.= Mas _Le Verger_ =6=:141. 1866-73. =4.= Lange _Allgem. Garten._ 421. 1879. =5.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 710. 1884.

_Anna Lawson_ 3. Anna Lawson 4. _Damas Lawson_ 2, 5. _Dorée de Lawson_ 3. _Golden Gage Lawson_ 2. Lawson’s Golden 1, 5. _Lawson’s Golden_ 3. Lawson’s Golden Gage 1.

A seedling of Reine Claude pollinated with Golden Drop, grown in 1842 by Archibald Gorrie of Annat Gardens, Errol, Perthshire, Scotland; named in honor of Charles Lawson a nurseryman of Edinburgh. Tree hardier than either parent; fruit of medium size, oval; suture a line; cavity small; yellow with dull reddish blush; bloom thin; flesh yellow, sweet, juicy; good; clingstone; mid-season.

=Le Duc.= Americana. =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 134. 1887. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 156. 1901. =3.= _Ohio Sta. Bul._ =162=:256, 257. 1905. _La Duc_ 1.

Le Duc was found growing wild at Hasting, Minnesota; introduced by W. G. Le Duc. Fruit of medium size, roundish; suture faint; cavity small; bright red; bloom thin; flesh yellow, sweet, pleasant; quality fair; stone large, semi-clinging; mid-season.

=Legal Tender.= Americana. =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:277. 1900.

Originated under cultivation with H. A. Terry, Crescent, Iowa in 1896; first fruited in 1899; parentage unknown. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit large, round, golden-yellow blotched with dark red; skin thin; fine quality; semi-clinging; mid-season.

=Leib Sour.= Simonii × Triflora. =1.= _Vt. Sta. An. Rpt._ =14=:272. 1901.

One of Burbank’s hybrids; of the type of Wickson. Fruit large, round or slightly oblate; stem strong; cavity wide; suture shallow; apex slightly depressed; light red with thin bloom; dots many, prominent; flesh yellow, firm, meaty; flavor peculiar, aromatic, subacid; good to very good; stone medium, oval, flattened, clinging.

=Leonard.= Americana. =1.= _Montreal Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 90. 1885. =2.= _Colo. Sta. Bul._ =50=:40. 1898. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 156. 1901.

Originated with Charles Gibb, Montreal, Canada, in 1873 from a wild plum root obtained from Wisconsin. Fruit medium, round; cavity shallow; stem slender; dull dark red, mottled; dots small; flesh yellow, not firm, acid; quality fair; stone small, round-oval, smooth, semi-clinging; mid-season.

=Leopard.= Triflora ×? =1.= _Vt. Sta. An. Rpt_. =14=:272. 1901.

From Theodore Williams, of Nebraska, from a “Botan pit pollinated with Red Glass.” Fruit large, round-oval; stem medium long, set in a shallow cavity; skin thick; light rich red; flesh yellow, firm; flavor Miner-like, rich and sweet; good to very good.

=Lepine.= Insititia. =1.= Koch _Deut. Obst._ 570. 1876. =2.= Lange _Allgem. Garten._ =2=:420. 1879.

A variety of the Damson type raised by Lepine in Belgium; probably not known in this country; very similar to Norbet and by some said to be the same. Tree large, productive; fruit of medium size, round, somewhat compressed; suture shallow; skin removable, not sourish; dark blue; flesh greenish-yellow, firm, sweet, wine-like; stone free; late.

=Leptune.= Hortulana. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:56, 86. 1892. =2.= Bailey _Ev. Nat. Fr._ 203, 206, 208. 1898. =3.= _Vt. Sta. An. Rpt._ =11=:284. 1898.

Introduced by J. D. Morrow & Sons of Arkansas. Leaves elliptic-ovate to elliptic-obovate, very long-pointed and coarsely serrate; stalks either glandless or glandular; fruit of medium size, round; skin thick, dark red; dots yellow; flesh yellow, meaty; stone medium, nearly smooth, short-pointed, clinging.

=Letta.= Species? =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 133. 1891.

Found in Buchanan County, Iowa; introduced by J. Wragg & Son of Waukee, Iowa. Fruit as large as Hawkeye.

=Lewis.= Domestica. =1.= _U. S. D. A. Pom. Rpt._ 46. 1895.

Received by the United States Department of Agriculture from H. C. Cook, White Salmon, Washington. Fruit large, roundish-oval; stem short, set in a moderately deep, abrupt cavity; red, a little darker than Lombard; bloom thin; dots numerous; flesh pale yellow; good to very good; stone large, oval, free; late.

=Lewiston Egg.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 404. 1857. =2.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Cat._ 222, 244. 1858.

Lewiston’s Egg 2.

According to Downing, from Lewiston, New York. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit medium, oval, pale yellow; flesh yellow, not very sweet; flavor medium; clingstone; mid-season. Rejected by the American Pomological Society in 1858.

=Lex Plum.= Domestica. =1.= Kenrick _Am. Orch._ 263. 1832.

Noted as a large blue plum with rich, sweet, yellow flesh; very productive.

=Liegel Rote Damascene.= Species? Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 439. 1889.

_Runde Rote Damascene._

=Liegel Apricot.= Domestica. =1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 369. 1866. =2.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 439. 1889. =3.= _Guide Prat._ 163, 351. 1895.

_Abricotée de Braunau Nouvelle_ 1, 2. Abricotée de Liegel 3. _New Apricot of Braunau_ 2.

Liegel Apricot was grown by Dr. Liegel of Braunau, Germany. Fruit of medium size, roundish; suture deep; yellowish; bloom thin; flesh greenish-yellow, melting, juicy, sprightly; good; freestone; late.

=Liegel Gage.= Domestica. =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 439. 1889. =2.= _Guide Prat._ 161, 359. 1895.

A variety said to have been imported into France from England. Fruit of medium size, roundish, greenish; bloom thin; flesh yellow, juicy, rich; very good; late.

=Liegel Unvergleichliche.= Domestica? =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 439. 1889. =2.= _Guide Prat._ 162, 359. 1895.

Received in France from Bohemia.

=Lillian Augusta.= Domestica. =1.= _Ont. Fr. Gr. Assoc. Rpt._ 72. 1894. =2.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 136. 1894.

Grown by Richard Trotter, Owen Sound, Ontario. Tree hardy, productive; fruit large, egg-shaped; cavity small and shallow; stem nearly long; suture a line; greenish-yellow with a few broken stripes of deeper shade; flesh light yellow, firm, meaty, juicy, slightly acid; good to very good; stone medium to small, oval, turgid, roughened, partly free.

=Lillie.= Americana. =1.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 276. 1893. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 156. 1901.

A seedling of Hawkeye, grown by H. A. Terry, Crescent, Iowa; first fruited in 1893. Tree vigorous and upright; fruit of medium size, round sometimes conical; cavity broad, shallow; stem slender; apex rounded; yellow overspread with mottled light and dark red; dots numerous; bloom thick; flesh sweet, melting; quality best; stone pointed, free; mid-season.

=Lindow’sche Frühe Werder’sche Pflaume.= Species? Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 439. 1889.

=Lindsay.= Species? =1.= _Can. Hort._ =27=:22. 1904.

Lindsay’s Seedling 1.

Reported as a new plum from Guelph, Canada; large; good.

=Little.= Americana. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:39. 1892. =2.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:45. 1897.

Little Seedling 1, 2.

Introduced by Charles Leudloff, Carver, Minnesota, but discarded by him on account of its size. Fruit small, red; stone small, rough, cherry-like.

=Livland.= Domestica. =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 61. 1887.

_Livlandscher bierpflaume_ 1.

A Russian variety imported by the Iowa Agricultural College in 1882.

=Lizzie.= Americana. =1.= Meneray _Cat._

A seedling of Harrison, grown by H. A. Terry; introduced by F. W. Meneray of Council Bluffs, Iowa. Tree vigorous, spreading; fruit large, pale yellow, with a red blush; flesh yellow, rich, no acidity; good; semi-clinging.

=Lockey.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894.

Tree dwarfish, lacks in adaptability, blights badly, short-lived; fruit of medium size, greenish-yellow overlaid with red; good; clingstone.

=Lone Star.= Angustifolia varians. =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 154. 1883. =2.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:63, 86. 1892. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 196. 1901.

Grown by E. W. Kilpatrick, Texas, from wild seed produced in eastern Texas. Fruit of medium size, oval; cavity broad, shallow; stem slender; suture lacking; red; bloom thin; dots numerous, white; skin thin; flesh soft, yellow, sweet; good; stone oval, clinging; early. Mentioned in the American Pomological Society catalog in 1897.

=Long Blue.= Domestica. =1.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 86. 1890. =2.= _Mich. Sta. Bul._ =118=:54. 1895. =3.= _Wis. Sta. An. Rpt._ =13=:214. 1896. =4.= _Kan. Sta. Bul._ =101=:121. 1901.

Orel No. 20 2, 3. _Orel No. 20_ 1.

One of the Russian varieties imported by J. L. Budd about 1882. Tree hardy, vigorous, unproductive; fruit medium to large, oblong-oval; purplish-red with light bloom; dots numerous, small; flesh yellow, juicy, subacid, pleasant; quality fair; stone rough and strongly margined, semi-clinging.

=Long Leaf Wonderful.= Domestica. =1.= _N. Y. Sta. An. Rpt._ =12=:611. 1893.

Long Leaf Wonderful was sent out in 1893 by Luther Burbank; no description is available and the variety is probably extinct.

=Long Red.= Domestica. =1.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 86. 1890. =2.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 401. 1898. =3.= _Kan. Sta. Bul._ =101=:119, 122 fig. 1901.

Orel No. 19 2, 3. _Orel 19_ 1.

Introduced from Russia by J. L. Budd of Iowa about 1882. Tree hardy, vigorous; fruit medium to large, roundish-oblong, purplish-red; flesh greenish-yellow, juicy, sweet, pleasant; excellent for culinary use; stone semi-clinging.

=Long Scarlet.= Domestica. =1.= _Mag. Hort._ =1=:365. 1835. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 303. 1845. =3.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Cat._ 36. 1875.

_Red Gage_ (incorrectly of some) 2. _Scarlet Gage_ 2, 3. Scarlet Gage 1, 2.

Downing states that the original tree was first noted in the vicinity of Newburgh about 1823 and that the variety was disseminated by him. Tree very hardy, an abundant bearer; shoots downy; fruit medium, oblong-obovate; cavity narrow, very shallow; stem three-fourths of an inch long; bright red or purplish-crimson on the sunny side, pale yellowish-red on the shaded side; flesh deep yellow, juicy, becoming rich and sweet if allowed to hang; clingstone; mid-season. Listed in the catalog of the American Pomological Society in 1875, but dropped in 1897.

=Long Violet Damascene.= Domestica. =1.= Oberdieck _Deut. Obst. Sort._ 444. 1881.

Unproductive on dry soil as tested in Jeinsen, Germany.

=Longworth.= Domestica. =1.= _U. S. D. A. Rpt._ 392. 1891. =2.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 74. 1895.

Said to have originated many years ago with Nicholas Longworth, Cincinnati, Ohio. Resembles Lombard and is better in quality. Fruit of medium size, roundish-oval, purplish-red; flesh yellow, sweet, pleasant; mid-season to late.

=Lot d’Ente.= Domestica. =1.= Wickson _Cal. Fruits_ 356 fig. 1891.

_D’Ente_ 1.

This variety is of the same type if not the same as the Agen.

=Lottie.= Americana mollis. =1.= Terry _Cat._ 1900. =2.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 120. 1904. =3.= Ill. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 424. 1905.

Lotta 3.

Originated with H. A. Terry, Crescent, Iowa, from seed of Van Buren. Fruit large, white or pale yellow; good; freestone.

=Louisa.= Americana. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 930. 1869. =2.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Cat._ 37. 1899. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 156. 1901.

Found growing wild in Missouri about 1860; introduced by Samuel Miller, Bluffton, Missouri. Fruit of medium size, roundish; suture a line; cavity small; stem short; dull red; bloom thick; dots numerous; flesh firm, yellow; quality fair; stone large, flat, clinging; mid-season.

=Louise-Brune.= Insititia? =1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =2=:71. 1873. =2.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 439. 1889.

_Louise Brune_ 2. Louisen’s Braune Damascene 2.

Raised by M. de Maraise, a Belgian pomologist. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit round-oval; suture narrow and very shallow; skin purple; bloom thick; flesh yellowish-green, firm, rather sweet; good; stone oval, thick, free; type of the Damsons.

=Louisiana.= Triflora ×? =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =139=:43. 1897. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 217. 1901.

_Normand No. 15_ 1.

One of the several seedlings sent out by J. L. Normand, Marksville, Louisiana, who states that it is the offspring of a Triflora variety crossed with a native; named by Bailey in 1897. Tree spreading, weak and slender in habit; fruit of medium size, heart-shaped; suture faint; cavity shallow; greenish with dull blush; dots many, whitish; flesh yellow, fibrous, sprightly subacid; quality fair; clingstone; fruit drops before ripe.

=Lovett.= Domestica. =1.= _Gard. Mon._ =29=:47. 1887.

A seedling of Reine Claude from York County, Pennsylvania, about 1867. Tree very vigorous and productive; fruit very large, roundish; suture slight; cavity shallow; dark red; dots minute, yellow; flesh yellow, firm, sweet; semi-clinging; very early.

=Lovett.= Triflora. =1.= Lovett _Cat._ 1898.

_Fourth of July_ 1.

A chance seedling from the Lovett homestead in Pennsylvania; introduced in 1898 by J. T. Lovett, Little Silver, New Jersey. Fruit of medium size, roundish; suture indistinct; bright red; bloom light; flesh yellow, firm, rich, sweet, vinous, highly aromatic; good; freestone; very early.

=Lovett Late.= Domestica. =1.= Cole _Am. Fr. Book_ 218. 1849.

_Lovett’s Late Long Red_ 1.

An excellent long-keeping variety mentioned by Cole in 1849.

=Lowry.= Domestica. =1.= Smith _Cat._ 1899.

Lowry’s Gage 1.

A chance seedling found growing in a fence corner at St. Davids, Ontario; introduced by E. D. Smith in 1899. Fruit of medium size, yellow; good; early.

=Lucas Königspflaume.= Domestica. =1.= Oberdieck _Deut. Obst. Sort._ 421. 1881. =2.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 439. 1889.

_Royale de Lucas_ 2.

A table and market variety in Germany. Tree vigorous, productive in moist soils; fruit large, oval; suture shallow, divided unequally; skin somewhat sourish, easily removed, bluish-red to dark blue on the sunny side; dots fine, yellowish, numerous; flesh soft, golden-yellow, sweet, highly flavored; stone not always free; ripens before the Reine Claude.

=Luedloff.= Americana. =1.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:46. 1897. =2.= _Ibid._ =87=:14. 1901.

Luedloff’s Seedling 1, 2.

From Charles Luedloff, Cologne, Minnesota. Fruit medium in size, oblong; suture distinct; yellow overspread with bright red; dots small, numerous; quality hardly fair; stone oval, sharply pointed, nearly free.

=Luedloff Green.= Americana. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:40. 1892. =2.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:46. 1897.

Luedloff’s Green 1, 2.

From Charles Luedloff, Cologne, Minnesota, about 1889; discarded by him later. Tree regular and abundant in bearing; fruit medium to small, oblong, flattened; skin thick, mottled with deep red; flesh firm, sweet; fair quality; stone small, nearly free; medium late.

=Luedloff Red.= Americana. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:40. 1892. =2.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:46. 1897.

Luedloff’s Red 1, 2.

Much like Luedloff Green but red in color. Tree moderately productive; fruit very good; medium season. Good for culinary purposes.

=Lunn.= Domestica. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ =43=:35. 1903. =2.= _Quebec Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 9. 1905.

_Montreal No. 60_ 1.

From W. W. Dunlop, Outremont, Quebec. Fruit large, oval; cavity shallow; suture a distinct line; dark purple; dots indistinct, brownish; skin tough; flesh yellowish-green, firm, juicy, sweet, rich; very good; clingstone; mid-season.

=Luscombe.= Domestica. Mentioned in _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 149. 1831.

Luscombe’s Seedling.

=Lutts.= Triflora. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =175=:131 fig., 132. 1899. =2.= _Mass. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ =1=:106. 1900. =3.= _Ga. Sta. Bul._ =68=:5 fig., 31. 1904.

_Wasse-Botankio_ 1, 2, 3.

Sent out under the name Wasse-Botankio but renamed in 1899 by Bailey after Henry Lutts of Youngstown, New York. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit small, roundish, dark red with numerous fine, golden, dots; bloom heavy; flesh yellow, soft, with a slight almond flavor; good; clingstone; one of the earliest.

=Lyon.= Domestica. =1.= _Mich. Sta. Bul._ =104=:100. 1894. =2.= _Mich. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 367. 1896. =3.= _Mich. Sta. Bul._ =169=:246. 1899.

Bailey 1. _Bailey_ 2, 3.

Brought to notice by S. S. Bailey of Grand Rapids, Michigan, and grown for a number of years by the Michigan sub-station at South Haven under the name Bailey; renamed Lyon by the Michigan Horticultural Society in 1896. Tree vigorous, upright, spreading, productive; fruit large, roundish; suture slight; cavity shallow; clear yellow with light bloom; flesh yellow, tender, rich, sweet, moderately juicy; good; semi-clinging; mid-season.

=Lyon Apricot.= Domestica. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2d Ser. =3=:53. 1901.

Received by the British Columbia Experiment Station at Agassiz from a Mr. Spaath of Berlin, Germany. Fruit above medium in size; roundish; suture shallow; bright red; bloom thin; flesh yellow, firm, juicy, sprightly; good; stone slender, free; early.

=M. J. De Wolf.= Species? =1.= _S. Dak. Sta. Bul._ =93=:25, 52 fig. 1905.

The most promising from a lot of seedlings grown by M. J. De Wolf, Letcher, South Dakota, from seed taken from the orchard of H. J. Gurney, Elk Point, South Dakota. Fruit large, roundish; cavity wide, shallow; suture a line; red marbled on the shady side with yellow; dots many, large, conspicuous; flesh dark yellow, tender, sweet, juicy; good; freestone; mid-season.

=Macedonia.= Munsoniana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 19. 1897. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 186. 1901.

_Transparent_ 2.

Fruit of medium size, roundish-oval; suture faint; cavity shallow; light red; bloom thin; flesh yellow; quality fair; clingstone; mid-season.

=Mackland.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1899.

Tree vigorous; fruit above medium size, red over yellow; clingstone; rots badly.

=Macomber.= Domestica. Listed in _Am. Pom. Soc. Cat._ 39. 1899.

=Macomber No. 1 and No. 2.= Americana. Letter from Kerr.

Two inferior seedlings from a Mr. Macomber of Vermont.

=Madame Henri Deschars.= Insititia? =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 439. 1889.

_Mirabelle Tardive Mme. H. Deschars_ 1.

Mathieu’s notice refers to _Journal de la Societe Nationale et Centrale d’Horticulture de France_ 608. 1878.

=Madame Nicolle.= Domestica. =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 439. 1889. =2.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2d Ser. =3=:53. 1900. _Souvenir de Madame Nicolle_ 1.

A European variety tested on the grounds of the British Columbia Experimental Station; inferior.

=Madam Leeds.= Species? =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:279. 1900.

A seedling unintroduced and of unknown parentage grown by George Temple, presumably of Iowa. Tree resembles Poole Pride, productive; fruit the size of Wild Goose, bright red; drops easily; late.

=Madeleine.= Domestica? =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 439. 1889. =2.= _Guide Prat._ 156, 359. 1895.

Tree vigorous, moderately productive; fruit large, oval; yellow with reddish spots; good; early.

=Madison.= Domestica. =1.= _Cultivator_ =6=:355. 1849. =2.= _Horticulturist_ =4=:214. 1849. =3.= Thomas _Am. Fruit Cult._ 355. 1867.

A chance seedling from the garden of Isaac Denniston, Albany, New York; first fruiting in 1847 and supposed to be a cross between Bleeker and Blue Gage. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit of medium size, oval; suture shallow; cavity small; yellow with reddish blush; bloom thin; flesh yellow, firm, juicy, rich, sweet, pleasant; good; freestone; very late.

=Mainzer Frühzwetsche.= Species? Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 439. 1889.

=Majestic Damson.= Insititia. =1.= Stone & Wellington _Cat._ 1907.

Introduced by Stone and Wellington of Toronto, Ontario. Fruit large, purple; bloom heavy; freestone; early.

=Mallard.= Domestica. =1.= _Mich. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 289. 1889. =2.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =131=:189. 1897. =3.= Rivers _Cat._ 34. 1898.

A seedling from Thomas Rivers, Sawbridgeworth, England. Tree of moderate vigor and hardiness; fruit large, oval; suture distinct; deep purple; flesh yellow, rich, juicy; good; freestone; early; said to rot but little; not hardy.

=Mamelonnée.= Domestica. =1.= _Gen. Farmer_ =10=:241. 1849. =2.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 371. 1866. =3.= _Guide Prat._ 157, 359. 1895.

_Die Brustwarzenpflaume_ 3. _Mamelon_ 3. _Mamelon Sageret_ 2.

Raised by M. Sageret of Paris, France. Tree of medium size; fruit roundish-oval, strongly necked, yellowish-green, mottled with red; light bloom; flesh yellowish, firm, juicy, sweet; similar to Reine Claude except in shape.

=Manitoba.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894.

Fruit of medium size, roundish-oval, clear red; freestone.

=Manitoba No. 1.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1897. =2.= _S. Dak. Sta. Bul._ =93=:22. 1905.

A wild variety from Manitoba, Canada. Fruit of medium size, bright red; skin thick and bitter; very early.

=Manitoba Seedlings.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1897-1900. =2.= _S. Dak. Sta. Bul._ =93=:22. 1905.

Several seedlings bearing the numbers 2, 4, 5, 6 and 7 were grown by N. E. Hansen of the South Dakota Station from seed obtained in Manitoba. Early bearing and productivity are their chief desirable characters.

=Mankato.= Americana. =1.= _Minn. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 332, 481. 1896. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 157. 1901. =3.= _Minn. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 228. 1903.

_German Prune Seedling_ 3.

Originated on the farm of Louis J. Eider, four miles north of Mankato in Nicollet County, Minnesota; introduced by S. D. Richardson and Son of Winnebago City, Minnesota, in 1890. Tree vigorous, fairly productive; fruit above medium size, oval; cavity shallow; suture faint; skin free from the pulp; dull red; dots yellow; flesh yellow, sometimes red next the stone, sweet, rich; good; semi-clinging; late.

=Manning.= Domestica. =1.= Manning _Book of Fruits_ 103. 1838. =2.= Thomas _Am. Fruit Cult._ 335. 1849. =3.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 930. 1869.

Large Long Blue 1. _Large Long Blue_ 2, 3. Manning’s Long Blue 2, 3. _Manning’s Long Blue_ 3. Mannings Long Blue Prune 3. _Manning’s Long Blue Prune_ 2. _Manning’s Prune_ 3.

Received by Robert Manning from Landreth’s Nursery, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, without a name; probably a seedling of the German Prune. Tree vigorous; fruit large, long-oval; suture obscure; cavity small; dark purple; bloom thick; flesh greenish-yellow, firm, juicy, sweet, sprightly, pleasant; good; stone long, pointed, free; mid-season; ripening period long.

=Marais des Cygne.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 5. 1900.

Introduced by J. W. Kerr in 1900. Tree vigorous and productive; fruit of medium size, roundish, purplish-red; good; clingstone; subject to rot; mid-season.

=Marange.= Species? =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 440. 1889. =2.= _Guide Prat._ 156, 359. 1895.

_Petit-Monsieur?_ 1, 2.

Tree small, very productive; fruit small, round, reddish-violet; skin unusually free; flesh yellow; very good for its season; very early.

=Marble.= Hortulana mineri × Hortulana. =1.= _Vt. Sta. An. Rpt._ =12=:225. 1899. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 217. 1901.

_Fourth of July_ 1.

Grown by A. L. Bruce of Texas, who states that it is a cross between Weaver and Crimson Beauty, but Waugh considers Mr. Bruce’s Weaver to be Miner. Fruit small, heart-shaped; cavity medium deep; suture shallow; dark wine-red; skin tough; flesh yellow, sweet, rich; good; stone small, clinging.

=Marble.= Species? =1.= _Minn. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 412. 1899.

Originated in Brown County, Minnesota; tree vigorous and productive; fruit small, round, mottled red; good; mid-season; subject to rot.

=Marbled-Plum.= Domestica. =1.= Rea _Flora_ 207. 1676. =2.= Ray _Hist. Plant._ 1529. 1688.

_Marble Plum_ 2.

Fruit mottled yellow and red at full maturity becoming a uniform red; flesh firm; good.

=Marcellus.= Americana mollis. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 9. 1898. =2.= _S. Dak. Sta. Bul._ =93=:24, 50, 51 fig. 1905. =3.= _Ohio Sta. Bul._ =162=:256, 257. 1905.

Grown by H. A. Terry of Crescent, Iowa from seed of Van Buren; first fruited in 1893. Tree vigorous, upright-spreading; fruit of medium size, roundish; cavity small; suture lacking; light red; bloom light; flesh yellow; quality fair; clingstone; mid-season.

=Marcus.= Americana. =1.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 333. 1894. =2.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:47. 1897. =3.= _S. Dak. Sta. Bul._ =93=:24, 50 fig. 1905.

Originated with M. E. Hinckley, Marcus, Iowa, from seed gathered from a grove of wild plums on the Little Sioux River in 1870. Tree vigorous, upright; fruit large, round, dark red, resembling Miner; flesh firm, meaty; good; early.

=Mardy.= Domestica. =1.= _Ohio Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 9. 1890.

A seedling from West Virginia grown by a Mr. Mardy. Fruit large, oval, red.

=Margate.= Domestica. =1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 578. 1629.

Parkinson says of it “the worst of a hundred.”

=Marietta.= Triflora ×? =1.= _Ga. Sta. Bul._ =67=:264 fig. 1904 =2.= _Ibid._ =68=:7 fig., 36. 1905.

A chance seedling found growing on the grounds of the Kennesau Wholesale Nursery Company, in 1900, at the edge of a block of Triflora varieties. Tree very vigorous, productive; fruit of medium size, broadly conical, yellow overlaid with red; dots yellow; skin slightly waxy; flesh soft, juicy, pleasant; quality fair; clingstone; free from rot.

=Marjorie.= Americana. =1.= Terry _Cat._ 1900.

A seedling of Lottie grown by H. A. Terry, Crescent, Iowa. Fruit large, round, light yellow partly overspread with red; dots small; flesh yellow, rich, sweet; semi-clinging.

=Marigan.= Domestica. =1.= _Quebec Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 9. 1905.

Tree productive. Fruit large, round, greenish-yellow with a blush; good.

=Marion.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1897. =2.= _Colo. Sta. Bul._ =50=:40. 1898. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 157. 1901.

Tree productive; fruit of medium size, roundish, flattened at the apex; suture a line; cavity shallow; stem long, slender; red on a yellow ground; bloom thin; skin thick; flesh sweet, juicy; good; clingstone; mid-season.

=Marketman.= Triflora. =1.= Burbank _Cat._ 1893. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 138. 1901.

_Shipper_ 1, 2.

A seedling of Satsuma grown by Luther Burbank and sold under the name Shipper but changed by Waugh to prevent confusion with an older Shipper. Tree moderate in growth, sturdy and upright; fruit oval, light red; bloom light; flesh firm, sweet, juicy; fruit keeps and ships well.

=Marmorierte Eierpflaume.= Domestica. Listed in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 440. 1889.

_Prune d’Oeuf Marbrée._

=Marster.= Domestica? =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 96. 1887. =2.= Brown Bros. _Cat._ 1900.

Marster’s 2.

Supposed to have originated in South Carolina about 1883; reported four years later by J. R. Hart from Nova Scotia; introduced by Brown Brothers of Ontario. Tree hardy, productive; fruit of medium size, oval, dark purple; flesh fine-grained, rich; good; mid-season.

=Marten.= Domestica. =1.= _Horticulturist_ =6=:133. 1851. =2.= _Cultivator_ =6=:268. 1858. =3.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 931. 1869.

_Marten’s Seedling_ 3. Marten’s Seedling 1, 2.

A chance seedling found growing in the garden of a Mr. Marten, Schenectady, New York, by Professor Jackson of Union College. Tree very vigorous, productive; fruit large, roundish-oblong; suture deep; cavity small; yellow, streaked with green and dotted with red in the sun; flesh yellow, slightly coarse, juicy, sprightly; very good; freestone; mid-season.

=Mary.= Domestica. =1.= _Gard. & For._ =7=:19. 1894. =2.= Storrs & Harrison _Cat._ 1898.

A supposed cross between Duane and Yellow Gage grown by R. A. Hunt, Euclid, Ohio, about 1882; introduced by Storrs & Harrison in 1898. Tree very productive; fruit of medium size, yellow; bloom delicate; flesh yellow; good; mid-season.

=Mary.= Americana mollis. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1900. =2.= Terry _Cat._ 1900.

Grown from seed of Van Buren in 1893 by H. A. Terry, Crescent, Iowa. Tree productive, spreading; fruit light red on a yellow ground; good; mid-season.

=Maryland.= Angustifolia watsoni × (_Prunus besseyi_ × Angustifolia watsoni). =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894. =2.= _Colo. Sta. Bul._ =50=:41. 1898. =3.= _Vt. Sta. Bul._ =67=:17. 1898.

Grown by J. W. Kerr from seed of Utah Hybrid; introduced by the originator in 1894. Tree larger than the parent; fruit small, round; suture lacking; dark brownish-red; flesh soft, watery, sweet, pleasant; quality fair; clingstone.

=Mas.= Domestica? =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 440. 1889. =2.= _Guide Prat._ 163, 359. 1895.

Similar to De Montfort.

=Mason.= Angustifolia varians. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1897. =2.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 464. 1900. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 196. 1901.

Originated near Leander, Williamson County, Texas, with a Mr. Mason; introduced about 1896 by F. T. Ramsey. Tree vigorous; fruit of medium size, heart-shaped, red; flesh firm; good; clingstone; very early.

=Matchless.= Domestica. =1.= Rea _Flora_ 208. 1676. =2.= Langley _Pomona_ 93, 97, Pl. 24 fig. 1. 1729.

_White Matchless_ 2.

Fruit yellow; bloom white; excellent flavor; very productive.

=Mathews.= Hortulana. =1.= Stark Bros. _Cat._ 1902. =2.= _Ill. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 211. 1906. =3.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =114=:139. 1910.

Matthews 2.

Grown by B. A. Mathews of Knoxville, Iowa, as a sport from Peach Leaf; introduced by Stark Brothers, Missouri. Tree hardy; fruit small, ruby-red; recommended for jellies and preserves.

=Mauchete.= Domestica. =1.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:93. 1832.

_Mouchetée_ 1.

A French variety of the Reine Claude type. Fruit small, oval; suture a line; cavity minute; greenish; bloom heavy; flesh green, firm, sweet; freestone; mid-season.

=Maude Lacy.= Americana. =1.= Terry _Cat._ 1900.

A seedling of Hawkeye grown by H. A. Terry, Crescent, Iowa; fruit large; bright yellow with a red cheek; flesh firm; semi-clinging.

=Maugeron.= Domestica. =1.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:76. 1768. =2.= Knoop _Fructologie_ =2=:52, 57. 1771. =3.= Kraft _Pom. Aust._ =2=:42, Tab. 195 fig. 2. 1796. =4.= Poiteau _Pom. Franc._ 1. 1846. =5.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:81. 1832. =6.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 931. 1869. =7.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 694. 1884. =8.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 426. 1889.

_Damascene Maugeron_ 6, 8. Damascene von Mangeron 8. _Damascene von Maugeron_ 8. _Damas de Mangeron_ 6, 8. Damas de Mangeron 7. _Damas de Maugeron_ 3, 5, 8. Damas de Maugerou 1, 4. _Damas de Maugerou_ 8. _Damas de Maugiron_ 8. _Damas Violet_ 2. Die Damascenerpflaume von Maugeron 3. _Königs Pflaume von Maugerou_ 8. _Mangeron_ 6, 7, 8. _Maugeron_ 4, 8. Maugeron Damask 5. _Maugeron Damask_ 6, 8. _Maugiron_ 2.

An old variety, probably of French origin. Tree vigorous; fruit large, roundish-oblate; stem slender; cavity shallow; suture a line; purplish; bloom thick; flesh greenish-yellow, firm, sweet and agreeable; freestone; September. Prince states that there are two varieties under this name, differing in size, but no other writer mentions the two.

=Mayerboeck Zwetsche.= Species? Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 440. 1889.

_Mayerboeck’s Rote Zwetsche._

=Mayer Hellrote.= Species? =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 440. 1889. =2.= _Guide Prat._ 163, 359. 1895.

_Mayer’s Hellrothe Damascene._

“A variety of little merit.”